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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Economic conditions”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Baiardi, Anna. "Essays in development economics and economic history." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/90133/.

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The first chapter provides an overview of the topics covered in this thesis. The second chapter explores the effect of historic gender division of labour during slavery on African American women’s performance in the labour market. Using census data from 1870 to 2010, I show that African American women living in areas with lower levels of gender division of labour were more likely to participate in the labour market and have higher occupation income scores after emancipation. The effects are persistent for at least 70 years after the end of slavery. I analyse the mechanisms driving the results,

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2

Yamasaki, Junichi. "Essays on development economics and Japanese economic history." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3676/.

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This thesis consists of three independent chapters on development economics and Japanese economic history. The first chapter analyzes the effect of railroad construction in the Meiji period (1868–1912) on technology adoption and modern economic development. By digitizing a novel data set that measures the use of steam engines at the factory level and determining the cost-minimizing path between destinations as an identification strategy, I find that railroad access led to the increased adoption of steam power by factories, which in turn induced structural change and urbanization. My results su

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3

Rudolph, Thomas James. "Institutional responsibility for economic conditions /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2001. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.

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Wang, Shengzu 1978. "Economic policies in developing and emerging market economies : three essays in international and development economics." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115647.

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This thesis consists of three essays, which focus on different aspects of economic policy issues faced by developing and emerging market economies. The first essay explores the effect of monetary policy credibility on exchange rate volatility in a small open economy, even if the exchange rate is not an explicit target set by the monetary authority. Using an open economy framework modified from Gall and Monacelli (2005) and Walsh (2006), it shows that monetary policy credibility helps to stabilize the exchange rate as supply and demand side shocks hit the domestic economy. The monetary policy c

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5

Gilboa, David. "The economic conditions of political liberty." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42197316.html.

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6

Xing, Kai. "Macroeconomic conditions, corporate defaults, and economic recessions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39401/.

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In this thesis, I investigate effective predictors for corporate defaults and measurement of economic recessions. I use corporate default probabilities in US industrial firms from April 1980 to December 2014 and effective predictors extracted from 92 macroeconomic and financial variables and I propose a framework to determine whether there is a dynamic in effective predictors for US corporate defaults. I apply LASSO, an advanced variable selection technique, and I find that there are no macro factors that can consistently explain default risk over time, suggesting that default risk has been dy

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7

Matkivska. "MOTIVATION OF EMPLOYEES IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33812.

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8

Schneider, Lesley Erin. "Economic Conditions and Punishment Severity in Minnesota." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543348790757449.

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9

Ross, Sandy. "Everyday economics : ideas new and old from lay theories of economic life." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/193/.

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This project explores divergences and parallels between lay theories of economic life as experienced and developed in two virtual worlds – Final Fantasy XI (FFXI) and Second Life (SL) – and academic theories from sociology and anthropology as well as economics. My intent is not a critique of economics, but a suggestion that other economic sociologies are possible, and to provide points of departure and ideas for such alternative configurations. Exploration of lay theories is organised around four key conceptual categories – value, exchange, money and markets – which were suggested by participa

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10

Murphy, Kimberly A. "The impact of regional economic conditions on recruiting." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA361449.

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11

Carr, Chance. "Social and Economic Conditions of Temporary Urban Living." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397476659.

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12

Loftin, Craig R. "An Examination of Open- and Closed-Economic Corxtitions in Operant Research." DigitalCommons@USU, 1989. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5997.

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The effect of economic condition on the relation between responding and overall rate of reinforcement has been an area of recent interest in operant research. The present research was conducted to determine whether the manipulation of the economic condition, by the systematic manipulation of the provision of substitute food, has an effect on this relation and whether open- and closed-economies represent two opposing alternatives or two parametric extremes along- a continuum. The results of two experiments conducted with pigeons using variable-interval and fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement

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13

Lee, Ka-yan Vivian, and 李家欣. "Who will be hercules in the 21st century?: economic and social development : a comparative study of Hong Kongand Singapore." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953116.

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Шкодкіна, Юлія Михайлівна, Юлия Михайловна Шкодкина, Yuliia Mykhailivna Shkodkina, et al. "Obstacles to start-up implementation in the modern conditions of conditions of economic development." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81381.

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Матеріал присвячений питанням дослідження та аналізу основних перешкод та проблем під час впровадження стартапів в Україні.<br>Материал посвящен вопросам исследования и анализа основных препятствий и проблем при внедрении стартапов в Украине.<br>The material is devoted to research and analysis of the main obstacles and problems during the implementation of startups in Ukraine.

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15

Rupesinghe, K. "The social and economic conditions of export oriented industrialization as a strategy of development." Thesis, City University London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374283.

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16

Arroyo, Borrell Elena. "Health and economic conditions: evidence from individual-level data." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400803.

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The main aim of this thesis is to investigate the effects of economic conditions on health using advanced micro-econometric techniques applied to survey data. The dissertation examines the consequences of the current economic crisis on a variety of health outcomes: from self-reported health to arguably more objective measures of health like prescription data; from the health of adults to infant and adolescent health. The research in this dissertation finds mixed evidence on the effects of negative economic conditions. On average, during the crisis it doesn’t seem that most health outcomes have

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17

Du, Plessis Sophia W. F. "Institutions and institutional change as explanation for differences in economic development – a study of the first three decades of the postcolonial experience of Zambia and Botswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1387.

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Thesis (PhD (Economics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>Numerous theories have been constructed to provide reasons for economic growth differences between countries. As data became more readily available, cross-country empirical studies identified a set of variables that contributed to economic growth, including variables such as the investment in human and physical capital.

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18

Guo, Huanguang. "Inequality and economic growth in China : an empirical analysis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/607.

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19

Nickel, Carsten. "Rhineland revisited : subsidiarity and the historical origins of coordination : comparing Germany with the Netherlands and France (800-1914)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9b3f50c9-cddf-43a2-bf5b-c6ab5689a4a3.

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What explains the historical emergence of coordinated economic institutions for human capital formation and welfare provision? Surveying roughly one millennium of political and economic development in Germany, the Netherlands and France up until 1914, this thesis argues that da-ting back to the Middle Ages, the earliest forerunners of modern economic coordination could develop only in institutional complementarity with a specific form of political decentralisation, connected via their jointly enabling effect on collective action. This mutually re-enforcing com-plementarity gave rise to societi

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20

Salci, Sener. "Three essays on the economics of renewable energy in small island economies." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6021/.

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In chapter 1, we introduce mechanism and present results of an integrated investment appraisal of an onshore wind farm for electricity generation in Cape-Verde that is owned and operated by a private investor. From the perspective of the electric utility and the economy, the results of such an ex-ante financial and economic appraisal of wind electricity generation depends critically on one’s view of the expected long-term level of future fossil fuel prices, negotiations of the power purchase agreement (PPA) price and wind capacity factor. In Chapter 2, we investigate the impacts of wind and so

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21

Fraser, Patricia. "Essays on international parity conditions." Thesis, City, University of London, 1989. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17968/.

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This thesis brings together a collection of essays on parity conditions in international economics: covered interest parity: covered interest parity: purchasing power parity and real interest parity. While each essay is an independent study of a particular problem area, there exists a common theme in that the set of parity conditions chosen for analysis is thought to be important in determining the short and long-nm behaviour of exchange rates. The justification for the study arises from two related issues. Firstly, as it is often assumed that exchange rates are determined in efficient markets

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22

Weatherman, Lynda. "The changing Hong Kong economy : economics, issues and findings /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42574183.

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Chung, Chang-kun. "Income distribution and economic growth : the case of Korea." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9905.

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Riser, Jerome L. "A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Redistribution of Regional Economic Growth." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500829/.

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Utilizing shift/share and economic base analysis, data covering employment, income, and population are analyzed for each of the nine regions of the United States as defined by the Census Bureau. The study covers 1970 through 1984 because widespread redistribution of employment and a shift toward more service-oriented, white collar jobs occurred during this period. This study presents currents trends and recommends ways in which people may better prepare for the future.

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25

Blouin, Arthur. "Essays on culture and economic relationships." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66436/.

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Chapter two investigates whether insular cultures are less likely to adopt new technologies. Combining GIS crop production data with unique language data, I show that societies that are isolated on the language tree produce less of the crops that required adoption, but not of the crops not requiring adoption. Endogeneity of cultural isolation is addressed by exploiting ancestral migration route direction. Cultural isolation persists due to the endogeneity of land settlement. Land selection caused increased polarization and decreased fractionalization, a pattern that is argued to limit the ince

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26

Conference, Southern African Catholic Bishops'. "Economic justice in South Africa: a pastoral statement." Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68823.

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The Introduction to the statement explains that its aim is to contribute to the search for a more just, equitable and sustainable economic dispensation. It reminds people that, as a nation, we have overcome the horrors of apartheid and made significant progress towards peace and stability. However, we are sitting on an economic time-bomb; if we do not strive for economic justice we must expect a deepening of our social problems such as crime, lawlessness, poverty and unemployment. The second section considers the Church's Prophetic Duty to speak out and to bring Gospel values to bear on politi

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Sugiyarto, Guntur. "The economic effects and distributional implications of economic reform policies on the Indonesian economy : a CGE approach." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11054/.

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Having discussed issues of economic reform and its applications on the Indonesian economy followed by Indonesian SAMs and CGE applications, three CGE models representative to the economy were developed by using SAMs of 1985, 1990 and 1993 for analysing the effects of economic reform. Production is specified as a two-level nesting of CES functions and total production is allocated to domestic demand and exports. Producers are assumed to be indifferent between selling domestically and exporting, while for imports the `small country' assumption is adopted. Total demands are derived from composite

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28

Samimi, Saeed. "Oil and economic development in Iran." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63384.

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Schabbel, Christian. "The value chain of foreign aid : development, poverty reduction, and regional conditions /." Heidelberg : Physica-Verl, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-1932-8.

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Cox, Christopher R. "Synthesizing the Vertical and the Horizontal: A World-Ecological Analysis of 'the Industrial Revolution', Part I." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1944.

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'The Industrial Revolution' is simultaneously one of the most under-examined and overly-simplified concepts in all of social science. One of the ways it is highly under-examined is in the arena of the ecological, particularly through the lens of critical world-history. This paper attempts to analyze the phenomenon through the lens of the world-ecology synthesis, in three distinct phases: First, the history of the conceptualization of the Industrial Revolution is examined at length, paying special attention to the knowledge foundations that determine these conceptualizations. Secondly, I sift o

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Chang, Ju-kuang. "Economic Development and Income Inequality: The Taiwan Case." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4875.

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This thesis examines income inequality in Taiwan from three perspectives: economic development, political democracy, and world-system/dependence. Education, population growth, population structure, unemployment, savings, and export growth are treated as variables. Below are the important conclusions. Economic development has an effect on income inequality. The level of development is crucial. In the 1950s and 1960s, the relationship was significant, but in the next two decades economic development did not further decrease income inequality. Sector dualism was not a good predictor. Democratizat

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Sundelin, Svendsen Hans Christian, and Oscar Sundqvist. "The Need for Children : How economic conditions affects birth rate." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2523.

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<p>Den åldrande befolkningen sägs föra med sig problemet att allt färre får ta hand om allt fler, diskussionen handlar ofta om pensionsfrågor. Samtidigt har man glömt bort den andra dimensionen i form av barnafödande och fertilitet. En del faktorer kan inverka på hushållen mer än andra när de väljer att skaffa barn, förstår vi hushållens val på aggregerad nivå så förstår vi även samhällets val när det kommer till barnafödandet.</p><p>Genom en regressionsanalys, innehållande tre modeller, undersöks hur och om de makroekonomiska variablerna disponibel inkomst, arbetslöshet, sparkvot, utbildnin

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Gren, Philip. "The effect of economic conditions on voting for extreme parties." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303969.

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This thesis studies how local economic conditions affect the decision to vote for an extreme party. I collect Swedish municipal data and construct a panel data set for the years 1998 to 2014. Economic conditions are measured using municipal unemployment data whereas the vote share of the Sweden Democrats is the main dependent variable of interest. The empirical challenge in this study lies in that economic conditions are not randomly distributed between municipalities and it is therefore hard to provide causal evidence. This thesis uses a fixed-effects model to mitigate this issue and identifi

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Siketina, Natalya Hennadievna, and A. S. Shakyn. "Modern condition of economic education in Ukraine analysis." Thesis, Харківський національний університет будівництва та архітектури, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/36609.

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On the potential of overcoming through economic education and the education of the gap between consciously desirable reality and the existing objective reality lays many hopes on, because it depends on this on the ability of future generations to actively creative, creative and innovative self-realization in the economic, entrepreneurial and managerial fields.

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Daniels, Sinclair Lonwabo. "The impact of economic downturn on black economic empowerment and banks." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1505.

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The purpose of this treatise is to ascertain the impact of economic downturn on Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) and Banks. This has been sparked by the huge speculations in the market as to what will happen to BEE and how will the banks cope in general with the impact of this scourge. It is imperative to understand the influence of the 2008+ economic downturn on socio-economic reconstruction and development in South Africa and the black economic empowerment and its funding mechanisms. The treatise has two phases the, namely the theoretical phase and a bit of narrative phase. In the theoretica

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36

Martin, Marina. "An economic history of Hundi, 1858-1978." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/315/.

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A centuries-old artery of credit for Indian merchant networks, the indigenous credit system hundi has received no systematic attention in histories of the Indian subcontinent. Poorly understood and ill-defined, hundi was a highly negotiable instrument, and source of liquid capital. Hundi knitted together the properties of goods, capital, credit, information and agency, all of which served as the backbone of the Indian merchant network. Drawing on government proceedings, reports, and legal cases, this study provides an insight into the legal encounter between Indian indigenous institutions and

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37

Faber, Benjamin. "Three essays on globalization and economic development." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/602/.

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How do falling barriers to flows of trade and information both within and across countries affect economic livelihoods in developing countries? The three chapters presented in this PhD thesis aim to contribute to our understanding of this question.

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Gorlach, Vsevolod Igorevich. "The impact of economic freedom on economic growth in the SADC." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020786.

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The role of institutions – economic freedom – is a critical determinant of economic growth, yet the global distribution of economic freedom is skewed. Economic freedom focuses on personal choice, the ability to make voluntary transactions, the freedom to compete and the security of property rights. The SADC is attempting to alleviate poverty and achieve sustainable development and economic growth. This thesis illustrates that economic freedom, in aggregate, and on an individual component basis, drives economic growth. The annual data for the 12 SADC counties from 2000 to 2009 are used to const

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Musahara, Herman. "Poverty and government expenditure: an assessment of the impact of government expenditure and interventions on poor groups with a focus on Rwanda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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In this thesis the author undertook a poverty and policy analysis. It is argued that it is important to understand the nature, magnitude and context of poverty before one can undertake an informed policy prescription. Existing theories of poverty, welfare regimes and social policies offer a lot of useful lessons for policy, but have limitations in offering a single model for Rwanda. The thesis demonstrated that, not only is Rwandan poverty multifaceted and deep, but it is characterized by a poverty conflict trap that can be traced back to the entire post colonial period. The author argued howe

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Zhao, Long. "The competitiveness of provinces in China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/13.

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Provincial competitiveness is strategically and imperatively important for China to achieve and sustain its economic leadership in the global economy. Albeit recent attention of scholars and government officials, the studies to date have produced limited empirical evidence that could aid policy makers to understand the contributing factors and development strategies for provincial competitiveness. Hence, this thesis develops a production approach to decompose Chinese provincial competitiveness index into two productive-efficiency-based components, so as to uncover development strategies hidden

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Jamal, Manal. "After the 'peace processes' : foreign donor assistance and the political economy of marginalization in Palestine and El Salvador." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100629.

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Under what circumstances does foreign donor assistance during war-to-peace transitions contribute to the strengthening of civil society and the deepening of democracy? I answer this question through a comparative study of civil society development in the Palestinian territories and El Salvador, where I conducted 130 interviews with directors of donor agencies, grassroots activists, and directors of NGOs. Divergent civil society developments in the Palestinian territories and El Salvador after the signing of peace accords in the early 1990s present a real puzzle given the pre-accord similaritie

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Simpson, Ralph Arthur. "Government intervention in the Malaysian economy, 1970-1990: lessons for South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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This study examined the role the Malaysian government played in developing the Malaysian economy as a means to eliminating poverty and inequality and explored the lessons South Africa can learn from Malaysia's development experience. Under British colonial rule Malaysia developed a divided multi-ethnic society characterised by gross inequality and high levels of poverty. Jolted by the 1969 race riots and in a major departure from the laissez-faire economic policy, the government embarked on the New Economic Policy in 1970. This ambitious twenty-year social engineering plan ushered in greater s

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43

De, Wet C. J., C. W. Manona, and Robin Palmer. "Local responses to political policies and socio-economic change in the Keiskammahoek district, Ciskei: anthropological perspectives." Rhodes University, Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1810.

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This report relates to research done in the Keiskammahoek district of the Ciskei (see Map No. l) during 1989 and early 1990, with the financial support of the Programme for Development Research (PRODDER) of the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) of South Africa. The project was designed and conducted against the background of previous research, and has served as a pilot project for a larger project, entitled "Socio- Economic Change and Development Planning in the Keiskammahoek District of the Ciskei". This larger project which is currently in progress, (and which has been funded by the Ins

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44

Lebero, Karugarama Richard. "Safeguard dilemmas: The need for practical special and differential treatment for developing countries." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5740_1210747552.

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<p>Safeguards are among the most controversial of all trade remedies, due to the fact that they are contrary to the general principles of international fair trade as articulated in the various ageements governing the relationship between Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Thus, deeloping countries, least developed countries (LDC), South Africa, and other Sub-Saharan African countries, are hard-pressed to deploy and consider safeguards as an option. This thesis rests upon two central interlinked propositions, in essence a two-pronged argument and overarching statement of policy. Fir

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45

Kibbey, Richard. "Central America: An Attempt at Modern Economic Growth." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1233.

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Since World War II the five historic Central American nations, Costa Rica, EI Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua, underwent a period of aggregate economic growth which was followed by a collapse of dramatic proportions. All five countries experienced an economic downturn in the latter 1970s which led to several years of declining GDP and GDP per capita, together with an economic and social disarray which is typically referred to as "la crisis" in Central American literature. The intent of this study is to present an argument for the position that the economic collapse of the five Cent

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Wilkie, J. Callum. "Promoting innovation and economic growth in less developed territories." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3750/.

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This thesis is about innovation and economic growth in less developed territories. It is motivated by the inadequacy of our understanding of innovation in lagging contexts. It is situated in the body of literature that examines and stresses the contextually contingent nature of innovation. It does, however, branch out to probe the link between innovation and economic performance and contemplate the design of strategic approaches to promote the latter. It is composed of an introduction, four related chapters and a short conclusion. Chapter 1 relies on an investigation of a large sample of North

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Vanden, Eynde Oliver. "Three essays on political economy and economic development." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/523/.

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This thesis consists of three independent chapters. The ﬁrst chapter examines the strategic choices of the targets and the intensity of violence by rebel groups. The chapter presents a theoretical framework that links a rebel group’s targeting decisions to income shocks. It highlights that this relationship depends on the structure of the rebels’ tax base. The hypotheses from the model are tested in the context of India’s Naxalite conﬂict. The second chapter estimates the impact of military recruitment on human capital accumulation in colonial Punjab. In this context, I ﬁnd that higher militar

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Muruko, Veundjua. "Foreign direct investments and economic growth in Namibia." Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42797.

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In capital-scarce low income economies, FDI is seen as a stable and important source of financing for developing economies. FDI is therefore expected to generate effects on the country's economic growth potential. However, despite the long history of FDI, it was only after 1990 that Sub-Saharan African countries experienced vast increase in FDI inflows into the region. Evidence of effectiveness of such flows has remained debateable, particularly with the dominance of cross-country studies in such enquiry. With yet no existing country study for Namibia, this research investigates the relationsh

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Katrakis, Nikos. "Some aspects of the dependency of lapse rates on economic conditions." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/548.

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Guadalupe, Maria. "The intervention between explicit contracting and economic conditions in labour markets." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418069.

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