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1

Abdullah, Alzahrani. "Efficient Descriptor of Histogram of Ridges Orientation Delineate for Fingernail." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 12, no. 3 (2023): 34–42. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.A7577.0912323.

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Fingernails structure are rich in orientation, ridges and edge features. Inspired by Edge Histogram Descriptor (EHD), this paper presents an efficient orientation-based local descriptor, named histogram of ridges orientation delineate (HROD). HROD is based on the fact that human vision is sensitive to edge features for image perception. For a given image, HROD algorithm first execute and perform a pre-process i.e., re-sizing, filtering, enhancement, segmentation, edge detection and feature extraction. Then, finds oriented edge maps according to predefined orientations using a well-known edge o
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Hou, Jue, Bugao Xu, Hanchao Gao, and RongWu Wang. "Measuring fiber orientations in nonwoven web images using corner detection by Bézier fitting curves." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 18 (2017): 2120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517716904.

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This paper describes a novel method for measuring fiber orientations in nonwoven web images by using Bézier fitting curves to detect corners of fiber edges and to separate crossing fiber edges. First, the Canny detector was adopted to extract fiber edges. Second, Bézier curve fitting was used to fit each fiber edge for calculating the curvature of every point on the edge. Third, corner points were detected by locating points where the curvatures were minimal on various edges and below the threshold to divide edges into segments for orientation calculations. Last, a formula calculating the fibe
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Raj, P. Markondeya, Stanley M. Dunn, and W. Roger Cannon. "Edge Sharpening for Unbiased Edge Detection in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope Images." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, no. 2 (1999): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927699000100.

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We report here a specific type of edge strength anisotropy observed in field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. The images show weaker edge gradients in the scanning direction and hence these edges frequently go undetected. Direct application of edge detection algorithms to images with nondistinct edges, such as powder particles, show strong bias to edges perpendicular to the scanning direction. Edge orientation polarograms obtained from these images always show strong fictitious particle orientation in the scanning direction. In this work, we discuss an edge-sharpening algo
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Alzahrani, Abdullah. "Efficient Descriptor of Histogram of Ridges Orientation Delineate for Fingernail." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 12, no. 3 (2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a7577.0912323.

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Fingernails structure are rich in orientation, ridges and edge features. Inspired by Edge Histogram Descriptor (EHD), this paper presents an efficient orientation-based local descriptor, named histogram of ridges orientation delineate (HROD). HROD is based on the fact that human vision is sensitive to edge features for image perception. For a given image, HROD algorithm first execute and perform a pre-process i.e., re-sizing, filtering, enhancement, segmentation, edge detection and feature extraction. Then, finds oriented edge maps according to predefined orientations using a well-known edge o
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McAdams, Philip, Sara Svobodova, Taysa-Ja Newman, et al. "The edge orientation entropy of natural scenes is associated with infant visual preferences and adult aesthetic judgements." PLOS ONE 20, no. 2 (2025): e0316555. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316555.

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Statistical regularities of oriented edges in natural scenes, ‘edge co-occurrence statistics’, are associated with adults’ aesthetic responses, with greater preference for some images when the degree of randomness in the orientation of edges (Edge Orientation Entropy, EOE) across an image is relatively high. Here, we investigate whether this spatial image statistic is also associated with infants’ visual preferences. We measure infant looking time for images of building façades previously used to identify the relationship between EOE and adult aesthetic judgements. Twenty-six 4–9-month-old inf
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Asahiro, Yuichi, Jesper Jansson, Eiji Miyano, Hirotaka Ono, and T. P. Sandhya. "Graph Orientation with Edge Modifications." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 32, no. 02 (2021): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012905412150012x.

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The goal of an outdegree-constrained edge-modification problem is to find a spanning subgraph or supergraph [Formula: see text] of an input undirected graph [Formula: see text] such that either: (Type I) the number of edges in [Formula: see text] is minimized or maximized and [Formula: see text] can be oriented to satisfy some specified constraints on the vertices’ resulting outdegrees; or: (Type II) among all subgraphs or supergraphs of [Formula: see text] that can be constructed by deleting or inserting a fixed number of edges, [Formula: see text] admits an orientation optimizing some object
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Marcar, V. L., S. E. Raiguel, D. Xiao, and G. A. Orban. "Processing of Kinetically Defined Boundaries in Areas V1 and V2 of the Macaque Monkey." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 6 (2000): 2786–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.6.2786.

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We recorded responses in 107 cells in the primary visual area V1 and 113 cells in the extrastriate visual area V2 while presenting a kinetically defined edge or a luminance contrast edge. Cells meeting statistical criteria for responsiveness and orientation selectivity were classified as selective for the orientation of the kinetic edge if the preferred orientation for a kinetic boundary stimulus remained essentially the same even when the directions of the two motion components defining that boundary were changed by 90°. In area V2, 13 of the 113 cells met all three requirements, whereas in V
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8

Hamoud, M., O. Abdalaziz, A. Barakat, and A. Gad. "Effect of Infill Patterns and Print Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Manufactured Polylactic Acid Parts." Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra = Complex Use of Mineral Resources 334, no. 3 (2024): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2025/6445.23.

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The fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique produces function models of various thermoplastic polymers and is one of the most commonly utilized additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. The purpose of this research is to study how combining infill pattern (CIP) and printing orientation affects tensile characteristics and building time. Polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen as a material for the specimen's fabrication. The print orientations were the on-long-edge and flat orientations. Because the product is built along the z-axis, the short-edge (up-right) orientation was not considered, resultin
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9

Chen, Tianqi, Bin Li, and Yuki Todo. "Orientation Detection System Based on Edge-Orientation Selective Neurons." Electronics 11, no. 23 (2022): 3946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233946.

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In this paper, we propose a mechanism of orientation detection system based on edge-orientation selective neurons. We assume that there are neurons in the V1 that can generate response to object’s edge, and each neuron has the optimal response to specific orientation in a local receptive field. The global orientation is inferred from the aggregation of local orientation information. An orientation detection system is further developed based on the proposed mechanism. We design four types of neurons for four local orientations and used these neurons to extract local orientation information. The
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10

Katiyar, Prabhash Chandra, Bhanu Pratap Singh, Munish Chhabra, and Dattatraya Parle. "Effect of Build Orientation on Load Capacity of 3D Printed Parts." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 6 (2022): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.f6821.0310622.

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Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for creating complex parts from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. It is observed that mechanical strength of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts are affected by various parameters associated with part, process, material and operating conditions. One of the key parameters that influences tensile and flexural strength of 3D printed PLA parts is build orientation. Researchers have investigated the effect of a limited number of build orientations on tensile strength. Moreover, less work has been reporte
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11

Olczak, Derek, Vaishnavi Sukumar, and J. Andrew Pruszynski. "Edge orientation perception during active touch." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 5 (2018): 2423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00280.2018.

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Previous studies investigating the perceptual attributes of tactile edge orientation processing have applied their stimuli to an immobilized fingertip. Here we tested the perceptual attributes of edge orientation processing when participants actively touched the stimulus. Our participants moved their finger over two pairs of edges, one pair parallel and the other nonparallel to varying degrees, and were asked to identify which of the two pairs was nonparallel. In addition to the psychophysical estimates of edge orientation acuity, we measured the speed at which participants moved their finger
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12

Prabhash, Chandra Katiyar, Pratap Singh Bhanu, Chhabra Munish, and Parle Dattatraya. "Effect of Build Orientation on Load Capacity of 3D Printed Parts." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 6 (2022): 38–52. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.F6821.0310622.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for creating complex parts from a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model. It is observed that mechanical strength of 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts are affected by various parameters associated with part, process, material and operating conditions. One of the key parameters that influences tensile and flexural strength of 3D printed PLA parts is build orientation. Researchers have investigated the effect of a limited number of build orientations on tensile strength. Moreover,
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13

Kitaoka, Akiyoshi. "Apparent Contraction of Edge Angles." Perception 27, no. 10 (1998): 1209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p271209.

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The corner effect, the Münsterberg illusion, and the Cafe Wall illusion are explained by a model postulating that the corner effect is an orientation illusion specific to corner edges and that the perceived orientations of these edges are shifted toward angle contraction. It is also assumed that the effect is greatest when the corner edges show the same or similar edge contrast at the corner. This model yields three new types of illusions: the ‘checkered illusion’, the ‘illusion of shifted gradations’, and the ‘illusion of striped cords’. Each of them gives many variations making a three-dimen
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14

Li, Jian, and Xiangjing An. "Efficient Filtering for Edge Extraction under Perspective Effect." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188558.

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Though it is generally believed that edges should be extracted at different scales when using a linear filter, it is still difficult to determine the optimal scale for each filter. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called orientation and scale tuned difference of boxes (osDoB) to solve this problem. For certain computer vision applications, such as lane marking detection, the prior information about the concerned target can facilitate edge extraction in a top-down manner. Based on the perspective effect, we associate the scale of the edge in an image with the target size in the real w
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15

Chand, Ramesh, and M. K. Gupta. "Estimation of Dimensional Deviation of Parts Printed in Different Orientations on Multi Jet Printer." Prabha Materials Science Letters 3, no. 1 (2024): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/pmsl.2024.3.1.003.

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The study was primarily concerned with the dimensional deviation for the part produced in the various alignments A, B, C, &amp; D and selecting the orientation or alignments through the least dimensional deviation. In this work, the part is lying on the base (A), the long edge (B), and the short edge (C), and the part is inclined at 45 degrees (D) to the surface of the base plate. Created the components in a variety of orientations using a multi-jet printer. Further, using experimental data (change in length, width, height and diameter), the model has been developed with a regression-based imp
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16

Zhou, Jicheng, Li Yu, Ayipaiyili Yuetikuer, Linzhao Hao, and Bingchun Jiang. "Comparative Analysis of Edge Soiling Resilience: Full-Cell vs. Half-Cell Photovoltaic Modules in Different Mounting Orientations." Journal of Engineering 2023 (November 2, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5572523.

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The performance of distributed PV systems is often hindered by edge soiling, mainly due to the challenges associated with centralized cleaning. In recent years, half-cell modules have gained popularity over conventional full-cell modules due to their potential for improved performance. However, limited research has been conducted to compare the effects of edge soiling on full-cell and half-cell modules, particularly in various mounting orientations. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of methods that integrate simulation and experimentation to analyze the characteristics of shaded PV modules. Thi
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17

Zhang, Hongwei, and Tienchong Chang. "Edge orientation dependent nanoscale friction." Nanoscale 10, no. 5 (2018): 2447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr07839k.

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Nanoscale friction is dramatically influenced by the orientation of the flake edge with respect to the sliding direction – the friction force increases significantly with the edge length of the flake along the lateral direction, but very slightly with the edge length along the sliding direction.
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18

ASAHIRO, YUICHI, JESPER JANSSON, EIJI MIYANO, and HIROTAKA ONO. "GRAPH ORIENTATION TO MAXIMIZE THE MINIMUM WEIGHTED OUTDEGREE." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 22, no. 03 (2011): 583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054111008246.

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We study a new variant of the graph orientation problem called MAXMINO where the input is an undirected, edge-weighted graph and the objective is to assign a direction to each edge so that the minimum weighted outdegree (taken over all vertices in the resulting directed graph) is maximized. All edge weights are assumed to be positive integers. This problem is closely related to the job scheduling on parallel machines, called the machine covering problem, where its goal is to assign jobs to parallel machines such that each machine is covered as much as possible. First, we prove that MAXMINO is
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19

Raj, P. Markondeya, Stanley M. Dunn, and W. Roger Cannon. "Edge Sharpening For Unbiased Edge Detection in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) Images." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600020432.

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Mathematical representation of particle orientation and shape can show quantitative differences in particle morphology and microstructures of ceramic green bodies with apparently equiaxed powders. In this work, fourier descriptors and moment invariants were used to quantify the shape of ceramic particles and identify their orientation. Edges constitute a significant portion of the information contained in these images, and hence edge detection forms an important issue in these image processing algorithms.A Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM, Leo 982) was used to collect images
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Liu, Xiaolian, Ruiling Jia, Jianna Li, Wenhua Cheng, and Huixia Zhang. "Study on localized corrosion behavior of hot extrusion deformed GW103K magnesium alloy." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (2023): 035233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0125304.

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This study investigated the corrosion behavior in the core and at the edge of the cross-section of an extruded GW103K (Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.4Zr) alloy. Equivalent stress and strain were modeled using finite element simulations. The stress and strain in the core were lower than those at the edge. The microstructure, corrosion morphology, and grain orientation of the alloy were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction, respectively. The results showed that most grains in the core exhibited a basal plane orientation and lower surface energy, wh
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Stanischewski, Sarah, Carolin S. Altmann, Anselm Brachmann, and Christoph Redies. "Aesthetic Perception of Line Patterns: Effect of Edge-Orientation Entropy and Curvilinear Shape." i-Perception 11, no. 5 (2020): 204166952095074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669520950749.

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Curvilinearity is a perceptual feature that robustly predicts preference ratings for a variety of visual stimuli. The predictive effect of curved/angular shape overlaps, to a large degree, with regularities in second-order edge-orientation entropy, which captures how independent edge orientations are distributed across an image. For some complex line patterns, edge-orientation entropy is actually a better predictor for what human observers like than curved/angular shape. The present work was designed to disentangle the role of the two features in artificial patterns that consisted of either cu
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Wang, Jinsong, and Saleh Al-Dossary. "Enhanced subsurface edge detection using a 3D integration operator." Leading Edge 43, no. 12 (2024): 822–27. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle43120822.1.

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Orientation analysis is widely employed in edge and line detection and is an important step in object detection and illumination. The direct application of a 3D integration orientation operator to a seismic image is proposed to enhance efficiency and improve delineation of subsurface edges. The primary objective in doing so is to overcome the weaknesses associated with gradient operator-based edge detections, namely, noise sensitivity due to using a fixed smoothing window and orientation bias of the gradient operators. Our study shows that the application of a 3D integration operator to a seis
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Macdonald, Fraser L. A., Nathan F. Lepora, Jörg Conradt, and Benjamin Ward-Cherrier. "Neuromorphic Tactile Edge Orientation Classification in an Unsupervised Spiking Neural Network." Sensors 22, no. 18 (2022): 6998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186998.

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Dexterous manipulation in robotic hands relies on an accurate sense of artificial touch. Here we investigate neuromorphic tactile sensation with an event-based optical tactile sensor combined with spiking neural networks for edge orientation detection. The sensor incorporates an event-based vision system (mini-eDVS) into a low-form factor artificial fingertip (the NeuroTac). The processing of tactile information is performed through a Spiking Neural Network with unsupervised Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) learning, and the resultant output is classified with a 3-nearest neighbours cl
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Geng, Liwei D., Sahil Dhoka, Ilan Goldfarb, Ranjit Pati та Yongmei M. Jin. "Origin of Magnetism in γ-FeSi2/Si(111) Nanostructures". Nanomaterials 11, № 4 (2021): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11040849.

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Magnetism has recently been observed in nominally nonmagnetic iron disilicide in the form of epitaxial γ-FeSi2 nanostructures on Si(111) substrate. To explore the origin of the magnetism in γ-FeSi2/Si(111) nanostructures, we performed a systematic first-principles study based on density functional theory. Several possible factors, such as epitaxial strain, free surface, interface, and edge, were examined. The calculations show that among these factors, only the edge can lead to the magnetism in γ-FeSi2/Si(111) nanostructures. It is shown that magnetism exhibits a strong dependency on the local
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Dolapsaki, Maria Melina, and Andreas Georgopoulos. "Edge Detection in 3D Point Clouds Using Digital Images." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 4 (2021): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10040229.

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This paper presents an effective and semi-automated method for detecting 3D edges in 3D point clouds with the help of high-resolution digital images. The effort aims to contribute towards addressing the unsolved problem of automated production of vector drawings from 3D point clouds of cultural heritage objects. Edges are the simplest primitives to detect in an unorganized point cloud and an algorithm was developed to perform this task. The provided edges are defined and measured on 2D digital images of known orientation, and the algorithm determines the plane defined by the edge on the image
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Guiraud, Marie, Mark Roper, Stephan Wolf, Joseph L. Woodgate, and Lars Chittka. "Discrimination of edge orientation by bumblebees." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (2022): e0263198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263198.

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Simple feature detectors in the visual system, such as edge-detectors, are likely to underlie even the most complex visual processing, so understanding the limits of these systems is crucial for a fuller understanding of visual processing. We investigated the ability of bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) to discriminate between differently angled edges. In a multiple-choice, “meadow-like” scenario, bumblebees successfully discriminated between angled bars with 7° differences, significantly exceeding the previously reported performance of eastern honeybees (Apis cerana, limit: 15°). Neither the rat
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Lyvers, E. P., and O. R. Mitchell. "Precision edge contrast and orientation estimation." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 10, no. 6 (1988): 927–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.9114.

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Bampas, Evangelos, Christina Karousatou, Aris Pagourtzis, and Katerina Potika. "Minimum multiplicity edge coloring via orientation." Discrete Applied Mathematics 247 (October 2018): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2018.03.078.

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WU, JUI-CHEN, JUN-WEI HSIEH, SIN-YU CHEN, CHENG-MIN TU, and YUNG-SHENG CHEN. "VEHICLE ORIENTATION ANALYSIS USING EIGEN COLOR, EDGE MAP, AND NORMALIZED CUT CLUSTERING." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 05 (2010): 823–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001410008111.

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This paper proposes a novel approach for estimating vehicles' orientations from still images using "eigen color" and edge map through a clustering framework. To extract the eigen color, a novel color transform model is used for roughly segmenting a vehicle from its background. The model is invariant to various situations like contrast changes, background, and lighting. It does not need to be re-estimated for any new vehicles. In this eigen color space, different vehicle regions can be easily identified. However, since the problem of object segmentation is still ill-posed, only with this model,
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Suresh, Aneesha K., Hannes P. Saal, and Sliman J. Bensmaia. "Edge orientation signals in tactile afferents of macaques." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 6 (2016): 2647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00588.2016.

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The orientation of edges indented into the skin has been shown to be encoded in the responses of neurons in primary somatosensory cortex in a manner that draws remarkable analogies to their counterparts in primary visual cortex. According to the classical view, orientation tuning arises from the integration of untuned input from thalamic neurons with aligned but spatially displaced receptive fields (RFs). In a recent microneurography study with human subjects, the precise temporal structure of the responses of individual mechanoreceptive afferents to scanned edges was found to carry informatio
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Van, Cuong Nguyen, Anh Le Hoang, Cao Dang Long, and Duy Nguyen Hoang. "Surface Roughness in Metal Material Extrusion 3D Printing: The Influence of Printing Orientation and the Development of a Predictive Model." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 5 (2023): 11672–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6162.

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This study investigates the influence of printing orientation on the surface roughness in metal material extrusion 3D printing of 17-4 PH stainless steel. Experimental tests were conducted on the Markforged Metal X commercial 3D printer at Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vietnam. The samples were printed in three different orientations: flat, on-edge, and upright. Surface roughness measurements were performed using a handheld Mitutoyo SJ-210 roughness tester. Quantitative analysis of the surface roughness measurements revealed significant variations among the different printing o
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Westheimer, Gerald, and Wu Li. "Classifying Illusory Contours: Edges Defined by “Pacman” and Monocular Tokens." Journal of Neurophysiology 77, no. 2 (1997): 731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.77.2.731.

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Westheimer, Gerald and Wu Li. Classifying illusory contours: edges defined by “pacman” and monocular tokens. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 731–736, 1997. Thresholds for the discrimination of orientation were measured in the human fovea for figures and borders delineated by solid lines and by “pacman” tokens as introduced by Kanizsa, as well as by contours induced by monocular tokens giving a stereoscopic depth illusion of a knife edge. Orientation discrimination of these illusory contours is poorer by a factor of ∼2 than that of equivalent contours made of solid lines and is not much better than that f
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Goldman, L. M., and M. J. Aziz. "Aperiodic stepwise growth model for the velocity and orientation dependence of solute trapping." Journal of Materials Research 2, no. 4 (1987): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1987.0524.

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An atomistic model for the dependence on interface orientation and velocity v of the solute partition coefficient k during rapid solidification is developed in detail. Starting with a simple stepwise growth model, the simple continuous growth model result is obtained for k(v) when the growth steps are assumed to pass at random intervals rather than periodically. The model is applied to rapid solidification of silicon. Crystal growth at all orientations is assumed to occur by the rapid lateral passage of (111) steps at speeds determined by the interface velocity and orientation. Solute escape i
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Avery, Roger, Annabel Basker, and Claudia Corti. ""Scan" behaviour in Podarcis muralis: the use of vantage points by an actively foraging lizard." Amphibia-Reptilia 14, no. 3 (1993): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853893x00444.

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AbstractTwo adult Podarcis muralis whose normal movements incorporated the flat top of a wall, frequently paused so that they were looking outwards from an edge ("scan" posture), especially during longer (≥9 s) periods immobile. Investigations of the posture on raised wooden platforms in outdoor enclosures, using two juvenile lizards, showed that (1) lizards spent significantly more time on platforms than would be expected from random movement, and this was not because wood is a favoured substrate for basking; (2) lizards which were immobile on platforms spent significantly more time at edges
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Hassan, Ali, Abbas Ahmad Khan, Yeong Hwan Ahn, et al. "Orientation-Mediated Luminescence Enhancement and Spin-Orbit Coupling in ZnO Single Crystals." Nanomaterials 12, no. 13 (2022): 2192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12132192.

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Temperature-, excitation wavelength-, and excitation power-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been utilized to investigate the orientation-modulated near band edge emission (NBE) and deep level emission (DLE) of ZnO single crystals (SCs). The near-band-edge emission of ZnO SC with &lt;0001&gt; orientation exhibits strong and sharp emission intensity with suppressed deep level defects (mostly caused by oxygen vacancies Vo). Furthermore, Raman analysis reveals that &lt;0001&gt; orientation has dominant E2 (high) and E2 (low) modes, indicating that this direction has better crysta
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Faidallah, Rawabe Fatima, Muammel M. Hanon, Varun Vashist, Ahmad Habib, Zoltán Szakál, and István Oldal. "Effect of Different Standard Geometry Shapes on the Tensile Properties of 3D-Printed Polymer." Polymers 15, no. 14 (2023): 3029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15143029.

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This study presents a comparative analysis of the tensile properties of 3D-printed polymer specimens with different standard geometry shapes. The objective is to assess the influence of printing orientation and geometry on the mechanical performance. Rectangular-shaped ASTM D3039 specimens with angles of 0°, 15°, and 90° are compared to various tensile test specimens based on ASTM and ISO standards. All specimens are fabricated using polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) material through fused deposition modeling (FDM). Two printing orientations, flat and on-edge, are investigated, and tens
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Qian, Kun, Yuki Yamada, Takahiro Kawabe, and Kayo Miura. "The Scintillating Grid Illusion: Influence of Size, Shape, and Orientation of the Luminance Patches." Perception 38, no. 8 (2009): 1172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p5943.

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The scintillating grid illusion refers to the illusory perception of black spots on luminance patches at the intersections of a grey grid on a black background. We examined how spatial parameters of luminance patches modulated the strength of the illusion. In experiment 1, we controlled the size and shape of the luminance patches. For the largest-size conditions tested, we found a significant reduction in the strength of the illusion with squares when compared to circles or diamonds. In experiment 2, we controlled the orientation of quadrangle patches and confirmed a significantly larger reduc
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Babbi, Manuel, Stefan Widmer, Marcel Blattner, and Bertil O. Krüsi. "Waldrandaufwertungen: Einfluss von Exposition und Wüchsigkeit des Standorts." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 5 (2016): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0286.

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Upgrading of forest edges: impacts of orientation and site fertility Wide, species-rich forest edges are rare in Switzerland. For some years now, the ecological improvement of forest edges has therefore been encouraged by the federal government. In order to make optimal use of the limited resources, we need a good knowledge of the site factors that influence the success of upgrading treatments. We studied 48 improved forest edges in Canton Aargau to understand the impacts of orientation and site fertility on the success of the improvement measures. The results showed that both orientation and
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Reshmalakshmi, C., and M. Sasikumar. "Image Edge Orientation Estimation via Fuzzy Logic." Materials Today: Proceedings 4, no. 2 (2017): 4274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.02.131.

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Ferrari, José A., Jorge L. Flores, Gastón A. Ayubi, J. Matías Di Martino, César D. Perciante, and Erna Frins. "Orientation-selective edge enhancement of phase objects." Optics Communications 434 (March 2019): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2018.10.031.

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Zhang, Dong Ping, Yuan Liang Huang, Jia Hao Chen, and Xiang Hua Luo. "The Vision Orientation System Based on OpenCV of the Glass Curtain Wall Cleaning Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1063.

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This paper proposes a vision orientation system based on OpenCV to solve the orientation problem that glass curtain wall cleaning robots meet with at work. The system applies edge detection and the Hough transform to the images captured by the monocular camera, then judges whether the robot has reached glass edges according to the results of histogram comparison between the target image and the template image. Finally the system sends corresponding orders to the robot for path selection and orientation.
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Yang, Na-Na, Hao-Rui Liu, Ning Mi, et al. "Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Rapid Prototyping Parts Fabricated by Stereolithography." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 9 (2021): 1812–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.4071.

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Stereolithography (SLA)-manufactured parts behave with anisotropic properties due to the varying interface orientations generated by the layer-based manufacturing process. Part build orientation is a very important factor of anisotropic mechanical properties. In this paper, the build orientation experiment was designed to study the anisotropic behaviour of the mechanical properties of the SLA parts based on the orientation relationship between the force and the layer. The results show that there are obvious brittle characteristics on the fracture surface of the specimens and microcracks perpen
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Mohan, Yamni S., Jaikishan Jayakumar, Errol K. J. Lloyd, Ekaterina Levichkina, and Trichur R. Vidyasagar. "Diversity of Feature Selectivity in Macaque Visual Cortex Arising from a Limited Number of Broadly Tuned Input Channels." Cerebral Cortex 29, no. 12 (2019): 5255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz063.

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AbstractSpike (action potential) responses of most primary visual cortical cells in the macaque are sharply tuned for the orientation of a line or an edge, and neurons preferring similar orientations are clustered together in cortical columns. The preferred stimulus orientation of these columns span the full range of orientations, as observed in recordings of spikes and in classical optical imaging of intrinsic signals. However, when we imaged the putative thalamic input to striate cortical cells that can be seen in imaging of intrinsic signals when they are analyzed on a larger spatial scale,
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Venuti, Fiammetta. "Influence of pattern anisotropy on the structural behaviour of free-edge single-layer gridshells." Curved and Layered Structures 8, no. 1 (2021): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2021-0011.

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Abstract Free-edge gridshells represent the majority of built gridshells. Indeed, the gridshell reference geometry usually needs to be trimmed in order to provide building access or to insert the gridshell within an existing building, giving rise to one or more elastic boundaries. Despite the current design practice, so far a very limited number of scientific studies has been devoted to investigate the influence of elastic boundaries on the overall structural behaviour of gridshells. This paper focuses on the effects of the orientation of the boundary structure with respect to the grid directi
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El-Deeb, Ibrahim S., Cezary Grabowik, Ehssan Esmael, Ahmed Nabhan, Maher Rashad, and Saad Ebied. "Investigation of Effect of Part-Build Directions and Build Orientations on Tension–Tension Mode Fatigue Behavior of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Material Printed Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology." Materials 17, no. 20 (2024): 5133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17205133.

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This article explores the fatigue characteristics of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) components fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) additive manufacturing technology. ABS is frequently used as a polymeric thermoplastic material in open-source FFF machines for a variety of engineering applications. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties and execution of FFF-processed ABS components is necessary. Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding the fatigue behavior of ABS components manufactured using FFF AM technology. The primary target of this s
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El Azzouzi, Adil, Hamid Zaghar, Larbi Lasri, and Nabil Moujibi. "Experimental Investigation to Optimize Build Orientation and Raster Angle for PLA and ABS Specimens Generated by FDM Technology." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 65 (August 8, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-5vbixb.

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The fused deposition modeling (FDM) process is used increasingly in the manufacture of mechanical parts and more particularly in the automotive and aeronautical fields. The purpose of this work is to optimize build orientation for obtaining polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) samples with the best mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and minimal total cost. For achieving This, PLA and ABS specimens are fabricated by FDM technology with three build orientations (flat, on edge, upright) and three raster angles (0°, 45°, 90°).at first, the dime
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Wong, Jin Hoong, Wong Min Jin Karen, Saffuan Awg Bahrin, Bih Lii Chua, Gan Jet Hong Melvin, and Nancy Julius Siambun. "Wear Mechanisms and Performance of PET Shredder Blade with Various Geometries and Orientations." Machines 10, no. 9 (2022): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10090760.

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Shredder blade is the main component of a shredder machine used in plastic recycling. A comparative performance study was conducted on the shredder blade with different geometries and orientations to understand its wear and shredding mechanism. Identification of the loading distribution along the shredder blades was observed in different orientations. The microstructure and hardness of the worn cutting edge and as-received shredder blade were characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy along with the energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction analysis and hardness testing
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Galinde, Ameya, Masoud Koochakzadeh, and Abbas Abbaspour-Tamijani. "Elastic Modes of an Anisotropic Ridge Waveguide." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2012 (April 17, 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/685326.

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A semi-analytical method for finding the elastic modes propagating along the edge of an anisotropic semi-infinite plate is presented. Solutions are constructed as linear combinations of a finite number of the corresponding infinite plate modes with the constraint that they decay in the direction perpendicular to the edge and collectively satisfy the free boundary condition over the edge surface. Such modes that are confined to the edge can be used to approximate solutions of acoustic ridge waveguides whose supporting structures are sufficiently far away from the free edge. The semi-infinite pl
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Gerling, Gregory J., and Geb W. Thomas. "Two Dimensional Finite Element Modeling to Identify Physiological Bases for Tactile Gap Discrimination." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 10 (2005): 891–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901004.

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Tactile edge and gap detection are fundamental to performing manual tasks. Because slowly adapting type I (SA-I) mechanoreceptors encode details pertinent to edge localization, understanding low-level encoding is critical to understanding edge perception. Solid mechanics models may help us understand how mechanoreceptors in the skin encode applied surface indentation into neural signals representing edges. Finite element models test whether an indenter separated by a gap creates unique stress/strain distributions in models based upon orientation to fingerprint lines. Results indicate that a ga
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Zhong, Ning, Xiaodong Wang, Zhenghong Guo, and Yonghua Rong. "Orientation Relationships between Ferrite and Cementite by Edge-to-edge Matching Principle." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 27, no. 5 (2011): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-0302(11)60094-7.

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