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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Effect of solvents”

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Data publikacji: 5 czerwca 2025

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1

Fleischfresser, B. E., and G. C. Smith. "Sorption of Carboxylic Acids by Wool: Effect of Solvents." Textile Research Journal 58, no. 4 (1988): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758805800406.

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The sorption of low molecular weight carboxylic acids by wool from various solvents has been investigated. More extensive sorption was observed from neutral than from either basic or acidic solvents. These results may be rationalized in terms of acid-base interactions between solvent, wool, and carboxylic acids. Basic solvents inhibit sorption by competing with the wool for the acids, whereas acidic solvents inhibit sorption by competing with the carboxylic acids for the wool. Water, an amphoteric solvent, gives limited sorption of acids compared with that found from neutral solvents.

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2

Nedjar‐Arroume, N., D. Guillochon, JM Piot, and D. Thomas. "Stabilizing effect of organic solvents on oxyhemoglobin." Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 13, no. 3 (1991): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-8744.1991.tb00157.x.

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The role of hemoglobin solutions as oxygen carriers in biotechnology are numerous, such as in the oxygen supply to biocatalysts or in the preparation of blood substitutes. However, the major barrier to the successful use of hemoglobin in biological and medical engineering is the autoxidation of heme iron during preparation, storage, and utilization. Fifty‐six solvents, chosen among the group of Parker's classification, were studied with regard to the autoxidation kinetics of oxyhemoglobin under nondenaturant conditions. Among these solvents 27 present a concentration range in which the autoxid

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3

Xiao, Rui, Jin Qian, and Shaoxing Qu. "Modeling Gel Swelling in Binary Solvents: A Thermodynamic Approach to Explaining Cosolvency and Cononsolvency Effects." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 11, no. 05 (2019): 1950050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825119500509.

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If gel swells in binary solvents, two unusual phenomena may appear. Two solvents with relatively low swelling ability may become a good solvent for the polymer with high swelling ability when mixed, which is known as a cosolvency effect. In contrast, a cononsolvency effect indicates polymer is less soluable in solvent mixtures than it is in each of the cosolvents. In this work, we develop a thermodynamic theory to describe the equilibrium swelling behaviors of gels in binary solvents based on the Flory–Huggins lattice model. The model can reproduce both cosolvency and cononsolvency effects, sh

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4

Naskali, Leila, Maria Engelke, and Hanna Tähti. "The Neurotoxicity of Organic Solvents Studied Using Synaptosomes and Neural Cell Cultures." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 22, no. 3 (1994): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299402200307.

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The most common acute neurotoxic effect of organic solvents is their central nervous system (CNS) depressant effect. The molecular mechanism underlying this effect is not known. The purpose of our studies has been to evaluate the adverse effects of organic solvents on the CNS in vitro. Synaptosomal membranes, whole brain reaggregate and astrocyte cultures were studied. Our results suggest that cell membrane integral proteins are targets for solvent impact, but that there are differences among various cell types. In addition to lipophilicity, the structure of solvent molecules seems to be impor

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5

Kobayashi, Midori, Yuya Kigawa, Keiichi Satoh, and Kiyoshi Sawada. "Solvent effect on the aggregation of amphiphilic phthalocyanines substituted by polyethyleneoxide." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 16, no. 02 (2012): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424612004513.

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Metal-free and copper(II) tetra-β-polyethyleneoxide-substituted phthalocyanine derivatives, TDEO6-MPc, where polyethylene oxide derivative is hexaethyleneglycolmonododecylether (DEO6), were synthesized. Those compounds are soluble in both lipophilic and hydrophilic solvents. By taking advantage of this amphiphilic property, solvent effect on the aggregation of the phthalocyanine was studied by means of UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Dimerization constants of TDEO6-MPc in non-coordinating solvents were determined by the concentration dependence of absorption spectra. Aggrega

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6

Singh, Swapnil, Mateusz Majer, Mirosław Antoni Czarnecki, Yusuke Morisawa, and Yukihiro Ozaki. "Solvent Effect on Assembling and Interactions in Solutions of Phenol: Infrared Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Study." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 1 (2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00037028211052302.

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This work provides new insight into assembling of phenol in various solvents and competition between different kinds of interactions. To examine both weak and strong interactions, we selected a series of non-aromatic and aromatic solvents. Infrared spectra were measured at low (0.05 M) and high (2 M) phenol content. In addition, we performed density functional theory calculations of the structures and harmonic vibrational spectra of 1:1 complexes of phenol with the solvents and the associates of phenol from dimer to tetramer. Based on these results, we divided the solvents into three groups. T

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7

K., K. Mazumder, and C. Lahiri S. "Solvent effects on the charge transfer complexes between p-chloranil and 2,2' -bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 81, Dec 2004 (2004): 1051–56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5833392.

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Department of Chemistry, Fakirchand College, Diamond Harbour-743 331, 24-Pargana (S), India Department of Chemistry, Kalyani University, Kalyani-741 235, India <em>E-mail</em> : sujitc!ahiri @yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 16 August 2004</em> Complex formation between p-chloranil (Cl-Q) and the heterocyclic aromatic donors like 2,2'-bipyridine (hipy) and 1,10- phenanthroline (phen) were studied in different aliphatic and aromatic solvents. The complexes are found to he considerably stable in different solvents. The comparable values of both Cl-Q + bipy and Cl-Q + phen suggest that the c

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8

M., Krishna Pillay, та Ganesan R. "Effect of solvents on the reaction between ethyl α-halogenoacetate and triethylamine". Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 76, Aug 1999 (1999): 399–402. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5852013.

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Department of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India <em>Manuscript received 7 August 1998, revised 23 March 1999, accepted 17 May 1999</em> Second order rate constants for the reaction between ethyl α-halogenoacetate and triethylamine have been determined in aprotic dipolar ketonic solvents, aprotic dipolar halogenated and nitrogen-containing solvents, and alcoholic solvents at 30°. The simple and multiple regression of log <em>k</em><sub>2</sub> with various solvent parameters hive been checked. It may be concluded that more than one interaction of solv

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9

Iwase, M., N. Kurata, R. Ehana, Y. Nishimura, T. Masamoto, and H. Yasuhara. "Evaluation of the effects of hydrophilic organic solvents on CYP3A-mediated drug-drug interaction in vitro." Human & Experimental Toxicology 25, no. 12 (2006): 715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327106071979.

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This study evaluated the effects of the commonly used hydrophilic organic solvents, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, on CYP3A in pooled human liver microsomes, using testosterone and midazolam as substrates. Furthermore, we examined the modulation effect of organic solvents on CYP3A inhibition by ketoconazole. Testosterone 6b-hydroxylation activity was potently inhibited in the presence of DMSO and 1-propanol in a concentration-dependent manner. Midazolam 1'-hydroxylation activity, however,

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10

Bekárek, Vojtěch, Jan Jílek, and Antonín Haviger. "Effect of Medium on the Electronic Spectra of 2-Nitroaniline Derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, no. 1 (1996): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19960155.

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The wavenumbers of the long-wavelength absorption band were measured for nine 4-substituted and 5-substituted derivatives of 2-nitroaniline in the gaseous state and in 13 solvents where only nonspecific solvent-solute interactions can be expected. For the series involving all the solvents used, the solvent effects can be well expressed by an one-parameter equation involving the product of the Born functions of the relative permittivity and of the refractive index of the solvent. For the series involving the nonpolar solvents and the gaseous state only, this equation reduces to an one-parameter

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11

Perusic-Janjic, Nada, Jevrem Janjic, and Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanovic. "Solvent effect on electronic absorption spectra of some 2-aminobenzimidazoles." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 33 (2002): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0233093p.

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The effect of protic and aprotic solvents on electronic apsorption spectra of 1-(3-X-benzil)-2-aminobenzimidazoles (X=CH3;OCH3; Cl) was examined. UV-apsorption spectra (200-400 nm) were recorded in five protic and four aprotic solvents. Batochromic shift of absorption maxima, ?max, occurs from the solvent with the highest proton-donor ability to the proton acceptor solvent (from water to DMSO). Positions of absortion maxima in various solvents are in correlation with the dielectric constant of the solvent. In order to explain the obtained results, the ultraviolet absorption frequences of the e

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12

Nevěčná, Taťjana, Vojtěch Bekárek, and Oldřich Pytela. "A Study of Effects of Temperature and Medium on Reaction of Triethylamine with Ethyl Bromide." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 6 (1994): 1384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19941384.

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The rate constants of reaction of triethylamine with ethyl bromide have been measured in 13 solvents at the temperatures of 293, 313, 333, and 373 K. The activation entropies in the individual solvents increase when going from nonpolar to dipolar aprotic and polar protic solvents, which is explained by dominant solvation of the basic triethylamine and by formation of highly ordered associates without solvent in the activated complex in nonpolar solvent media. No isokinetic relationship has been found between the activation entropy and activation enthalpy, which indicates different solvent effe

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13

Drmanic, Sasa, Aleksandar Marinkovic, and Bratislav Jovanovic. "Effects of solvent and structure on the reactivity of 6-substituted nicotinic acids with diazodiphenylmethane in aprotic solvents." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 74, no. 12 (2009): 1359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0912359d.

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The rate constants for the reactions of diazodiphenylmethane (DDM) with 6-substituted nicotinic acids in aprotic solvents at 30?C were determined. The obtained second order rate constants in aprotic solvents, together with literature data for benzoic and nicotinic acids in protic solvents, were used for the calculation of solvent effects, employing the Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic equation (linear solvation energy relationship - LSER) in the form: log k = log k0 + + s?*+ a? + b?. The correlations of the kinetic data were performed by means of multiple linear regression analysis taking appropriat

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14

Isken, Sonja, Antoine Derks, Petra F. G. Wolffs, and Jan A. M. de Bont. "Effect of Organic Solvents on the Yield of Solvent-Tolerant Pseudomonas putida S12." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 6 (1999): 2631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.6.2631-2635.1999.

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ABSTRACT Solvent-tolerant microorganisms are useful in biotransformations with whole cells in two-phase solvent-water systems. The results presented here describe the effects that organic solvents have on the growth of these organisms. The maximal growth rate of Pseudomonas putida S12, 0.8 h−1, was not affected by toluene in batch cultures, but in chemostat cultures the solvent decreased the maximal growth rate by nearly 50%. Toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, xylene, hexane, and cyclohexane reduced the biomass yield, and this effect depended on the concentration of the solvent in the bacte

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15

Ibrahim, Alia Mutasim Ali. "The Variation Effect of Solvents on the Physicochemical Properties Baobab (Ophelussitularius) Seeds Oil." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 1 (2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000347.

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It is remarkable to notice that Baobab seeds are normally discarded in Sudan, without knowing the great wealth hidden. The present study was conducted to determine physicochemical properties of Baobab (Ophelussitularis) seeds oil and select proper solvent for oil extraction from seeds which contain approximately 22-45%, used n-hexane and ethanol as solvents, leaching was done by solid extraction method. Physicochemical properties of the Baobab seeds oil were evaluated by standard and established methods. Oils and solvents were separated using rotary evaporator, recovery solvent were 91.2% and

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16

Ming, Hui, Xin Yang, Pu Zheng, Yifan Zhang, Haoxin Jiang, and Libo Zhang. "Recent Advances of Solvent Effects in Biomass Liquefaction Conversion." Energies 17, no. 12 (2024): 2814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122814.

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Liquefaction conversion technology has become one of the hottest biomass conversion methods due to its flexible material selection and extensive product applications. Exploring biomass liquefaction conversion focuses on catalysts, biomass/water ratio, and reaction temperature. However, it is found that solvents are crucial in the biomass liquefaction process and significantly impact the type of liquefied products and bio-oil yield. Given the current rapid development trend, timely sorting and summary of the solvent effect in the biomass liquefaction process can promote the subsequent developme

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17

Bisconti, Marie, Philippe Grosjean, Vanessa Arcolia, Jean-François Simon, and Elise Hennebert. "Influence of Two Widely Used Solvents, Ethanol and Dimethyl Sulfoxide, on Human Sperm Parameters." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (2022): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010505.

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To study mechanisms involved in fertility, many experimental assays are conducted by incubating spermatozoa in the presence of molecules dissolved in solvents such as ethanol (EtOH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Although a vehicle control group is usually included in such studies, it does not allow to evaluate the intrinsic effect of the solvent on sperm parameters and its potential influence on the outcome of the experiment. In the present study, we incubated human spermatozoa for 4 h in a capacitation medium in the absence or the presence of different concentrations of EtOH and DMSO (0.1, 0.

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18

A.Widjaja, A. Widjaja, and Chuang Y.H. Chuang. "EFFECT OF SOLVENT THE SELECTIVE SEPARATION OF PHYTOSTEROLS USING ZEOLITE." Reaktor 10, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.10.1.31-36.

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The effect of organic solvent on zeolite adsorption of sterols mixiture containing almost the same percentage of campesterol and B-sitosterol was investigated. Although pentane was found to give the highest adsorption rate than other solvents, but it was not chosen as the sovent due to its low boilingpoint and high volatility. Although iso-actane has a high boiling point and adsorption rate like pentane, however, since it shows lower selectivity than other solvents, it was not considered as a good solvent. Based on the the selectivity study which shows that using hexane as the solvent campeste

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19

Curie, Catia Angli, Muhammad Arif Darmawan, Dianursanti Dianursanti, Wiratni Budhijanto, and Misri Gozan. "The Effect of Solvent Hydrophilicity on the Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide by Candida rugosa Lipase." Polymers 14, no. 18 (2022): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183856.

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Contradictions have been reported on the effect of organic solvents, especially toluene, on enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (eROP) of L-lactide. Studies have shown that log P, a common measure of hydrophilicity, affects enzyme activity. This study examines the effect of solvents with various log P values on the eROP of L-lactide, performed using Candida rugosa lipase (CRL). N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, diphenyl ether, and dodecane were used as the organic solvents. The eROP in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]

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20

Gealh, Gustavo, Maynara L. A. Santos, Marcos L. Corazza, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet, and Fernando A. P. Voll. "Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Cetyl Palmitate in the Presence of n-Hexane and Ethyl Ether." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024 (April 4, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/4796291.

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Cetyl palmitate was produced by the esterification of palmitic acid with cetyl alcohol using n-hexane and ethyl ether as solvents and a commercial lipase as a catalyst. The effect of solvents to reagents mass ratio (0.5 : 1–3 : 1), percentage of n-hexane in the solvent mixture (0–100%), and reaction temperature (25–55°C) on the reaction rate were evaluated for a fixed amount of enzyme (1 wt% related to the total mass of substrates) in an equimolar mixture of palmitic acid and cetyl alcohol. Temperature and n-hexane percentage in the solvent had positive effects on the reaction rate. The total

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21

Chhayarani, Jana, De Parameswar, and Ray P. "Effect of solvents on regioselectivity of anisole nitration." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 91, Jul 2014 (2014): 1373–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5726618.

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Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700 009, India E-mail : chhaya_samanta@rediffmail.com, parameswar_de@rediffmail.com, praycuce@rediffmail.com <em>Fax </em>: 91-33-23519755 <em>Manuscript received online 25 October 2013, accepted 13 February 2014</em> Nitration of anisole dissolved in different solvents with 70% (w/v) nitric acid was studied. Solvents were observed to strongly influence positional selectivity and rate of nitration. The <em>ortho/para</em> ratio remained virtually constant (~1.2) in nonpolar solvents, but vari

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22

Lu, Chun Shan, Jing Hui Lu, Lei Ma, Qun Feng Zhang, and Xiao Nian Li. "Effect of Solvent Polarity Properties on the Selectivity and Activity for 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene Hydrogenation over Pd/C Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 2379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.2379.

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Several representative solvents classified in three categories: 1) aprotic apolar solvents: 2) protic solvents; 3) aprotic polar solvents were chosen to investigate the effect on the catalytic activity and selectivity for the selective hydrogenation of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene (3,4-DCNB) over Pd/C catalyst. The solvent polarity increases the hydrogenation rate apparently, but also increases the selectivity to 3-chloroaniline and 4-chloroaniline from dehalogenation reaction. The solvents with the high polarity and hydrogen-bond donation capability can generate the strong interaction and the H-b

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23

Niedbalska, Malgorzata, and Ilona Gruda. "Effect of substituents on the solvatochromism of stilbazolium merocyanines." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 5 (1990): 691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-106.

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The visible spectra of a series of merocyanines, derivatives of 4-[(4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene)ethylidene]-1,4-dihydropyridine, have been investigated in a number of solvents and solvent mixtures. The effect of substituents on the solvatochromic behaviour of these compounds is described. All investigated merocyanines exhibited a strong negative solvatochromism. Inverse solvatochromism was observed in solvents of very low polarity for polar dyes, and in polar solvents for dyes containing hydrophobic substituents. This inversion of the solvatochromic behaviour is attributed to aggregation ph

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24

Yang, Feng Ling, Guo Qi Liu, Hong Xia Li, et al. "Effect of Furfural on Structure and Charring Properties of Phenolic Resins." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.36.

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In order to improve the coke residue of phenolic resins (PF), different solvents were used in the present work. The research indicates that in comparison with other solvents, such as ethylene glycol (EG) and ethyl silicate (ES), furfural (FF) can enhance crosslinking density and increase residual coke yield of phenolic resins (PF). The results demonstrate that the residual coke yield of PF with furfural is 68 % higher than that with other solvents. In addition, pyrolysis peak temperature of PF with furfural is relatively high and pyrolysis process is more smoothly. FTIR results show that new b

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Sasak, Krzysztof, Michał Nowak, Anna Wlodarczyk, Agata Sarniak, and Dariusz Nowak. "Effect of Selected Organic Solvents on Hydroxyl Radical-Dependent Light Emission in the Fe2+-EGTA-H2O2 System." Molecules 29, no. 23 (2024): 5635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29235635.

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Numerous compounds that are scavengers of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in Fenton systems have low solubility in water. Therefore, they are dissolved in organic solvents to reach suitable concentrations in the reaction milieu of the Fenton system. However, these solvents may react with •OH and iron, leading to significant errors in the results. We evaluated 11 solvents (4 alcohols, acetone, 4 esters, dimethyl-sulfoxide, and acetonitrile) at concentrations ranging from 0.105 µmol/L to 0.42 µmol/L to assess their effects on light emission, a recognized measure of •OH radical activity, in the Fe2+-EGTA

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26

Chidrawar, Anil B. "Effect of different solvents on synthesis of 2-phenyl benzimidazole and its derivatives." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 2 (2025): 552–55. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-1002552555.

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In the initial catalytic activity experiments, different solvents were screened for the reaction. Herein the reaction of benzaldehyde and orthophenylene diamine was selected as the model reaction. Solubility experiments showed that the cobalt (II) acetylacetone is miscible with methanol and relatively readily soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol, and they are partially immiscible with nopolar solvents such as ethyl acetate, and tetrahydrofuran. As shown in Table 1, the reactions could proceed effectively in polar organic solvents, such as methanol and ethanol (entries 1, 2), and cobalt (I

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Wu, Yin, and Yan Sun. "Cationic Polymers Remarkably Boost Haloalkane Dehalogenase Activity in Organic Solvent Solutions and the Molecular Implications." Molecules 28, no. 19 (2023): 6795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196795.

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Applications of haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA in biocatalysis are limited by its unfavorable performance in organic solvents. Our previous work proved that mutations of surface positive-charged residues enhanced the organic solvent resistance of DhaA, which inspired us to explore the effect of cationic polymers on DhaA in organic solvents. Remarkably boosted performance was achieved in different organic solvent solutions by introducing cationic polymers, for example, there was a 6.1-fold activity increase with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and a 5.5-fold activity increase with poly(ethylene im

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Sofiya, K., K. Anbalagan, A. Richa Elson, I. Fazal Fathima, and M. Vignesh Kumar. "Effect of solvents on the composition of Rosa x damascena concrete oil in multistage solvent extraction." Journal of Applied Horticulture 24, no. 01 (2022): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.18.

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Four different solvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol, petroleum ether, and hexane, were used for the multistage solvent extraction of rose concrete oil from the aromatic plant species of Rosa x damascena. The components present in the concrete oils were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. After the multistage solvent extraction process, the solvent was removed by using a rotary vacuum evaporator. Methyl alpha d-glucopyranoside, 5-hydroxy methyl furfural, 2,3-butanediol, and ethyl-d glucopyranoside were the major components identified using ethyl acetate ethanol, hexane, and petrole

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Lee, Eun Hee, Min Ku Lee, and Chang Kyu Rhee. "Effect of Solvents on the Dispersion Stability of Alloy 625 Nanoparticles." Solid State Phenomena 119 (January 2007): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.119.307.

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In order to select the most suitable solvent for the stable dispersion of Alloy 625 nanoparticles, we investigated the effects of several organic solvents on the dispersion stability. After preparing suspensions with a dispersant, we characterized the dispersion stability of the suspensions by means of visual inspection and Turbiscan transmission profiles. The dispersion stability of the solvents increased in the following order: ethyl acetate, xylene, toluene, 2-propanol, and ethanol. The polarity of the solvent affected the dispersion stability. The Alloy 625 nanoparticles were optimally dis

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Karolczak, Stefan, Hugh A. Gillis, Gerald B. Porter, and David C. Walker. "Solvent-dependent rate constants of muonium atom reactions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, no. 2 (2003): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-009.

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The rates of reaction of muonium atoms with solutes, ionic and organic, were studied in solvents of wildly differing polarities (water, methanol, and hexane) and their rate constants were compared, where possible. In these reactions which are those of a highly reactive atom, an isotope of hydrogen it transpires that the reaction rates are higher in solvents in which the solute is more soluble and muonium diffuses faster. This study leads to various kinetic-solvent-effect ratios and to the observation of the reaction of muonium with free radicals being among the fastest reactions recorded s

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Chemat, Abert Vian, Ravi, et al. "Review of Alternative Solvents for Green Extraction of Food and Natural Products: Panorama, Principles, Applications and Prospects." Molecules 24, no. 16 (2019): 3007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24163007.

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In recent years, almost all extraction processes in the perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food ingredients, nutraceuticals, biofuel and fine chemical industries rely massively on solvents, the majority of which have petroleum origins. The intricate processing steps involved in the industrial extraction cycle makes it increasingly difficult to predict the overall environmental impact; despite the tremendous energy consumption and the substantial usage of solvents, often the yields are indicated in decimals. The ideal alternative solvents suitable for green extraction should have high solvency,

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Ahmed, Asmaa N. "A study of the solvent effect on the low temperature spectra of benzoanthracene molecules." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 12, no. 24 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v12i24.315.

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been taken at room temperature down to liquid nitrogen temperature (77K). Polar and nonpolar solvents have been used to study the solvent effect on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of solute molecules. Some of the spectroscopic parameters have been determined as functions of solvent polarity and temperature. The results indicate that the band width FWHM increases with increasing the solvent polarity and temperature, while the peak emission cross section decreases with increasing of solvent polarity and decreases with increasing the temperatures. Clear vibrational structure spectra of be

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Yang, Ling, Xian Fu Wei, Bei Qing Huang, Wan Zhang, and Yang Yue. "Effect of Solvent on the Property of the Infrared Absorbing Inkjet Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.505.

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The infrared absorbing inkjet ink is composed of infrared absorbing materials, resin, assistant agent and solvent that has a great influence on the main performance of the ink. Based on the consideration of environmental factors, five alcoholic solvents were chosen and prepared into ink samples respectively. The effect of different solvents on the properties of the ink was discussed. Then the ink sample was prepared by the most optimal proportion of blends with solvent through the principle of formulating of recipe, the printing sample was attained and tested. The experiments showed that the s

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Istyami, Astri Nur, Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja, Tirto Prakoso, and Tri Ari Penia Kresnowati. "Performance of Various Organic Solvents as Reaction Media in Plant Oil Lipolysis with Plant Lipase." Reaktor 18, no. 2 (2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.2.71-75.

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Fatty acids are intermediate substances in synthesis of oleochemical products. Enzymatic technology of fatty acids production (also known as lipolysis) is now developing as potential substitution for the conventional production of fatty acid, i.e. thermal hydrolysis of triglyceride. It offers more economical process condition, low energy consumption, and minimal product degradation compared to the conventional process. This research aims to evaluate performance of various organic solvents as reaction media in lipolysis with plant latex lipase. Organic solvents observed were chloroform, n-hexan

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Kindo, Shashibala, Manish K. Rai, Ramsingh Kurrey, and Joyce Rai. "Kinetic Study of Solvent Effect on the Hydrolysis of Mono-3, 5-Dimethylaniline Phosphate." Journal of Ravishankar University (PART-B) 35, no. 2 (2023): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52228/jrub.2023-35-2-7.

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The hydrolysis of phosphate esters is one of the most fundamental chemical and biochemical reaction. The kinetic solvent effect on the hydrolysis of mono-3, 5-dimethylaniline phosphate has been studied in aqueous mixtures of varying compositions (0-40% v/v) of some protic and aprotic solvents at four different temperatures. The rate of reactions increases with increasing proportion of solvents. Activation parameters (Ea, ΔH≠, ΔG≠, -ΔS≠) have been evaluated. The significance of these parameters have been explained on the basis of solvent-solute interaction, solvent of the transition state of th

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An, Suna, Dahye Kwon, JeongHyun Cho, and Ji Chul Jung. "Effect of the Solvent on the Basic Properties of Mg–Al Hydrotalcite Catalysts for Glucose Isomerization." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (2020): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111236.

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We suggested the existence of a relationship between the base properties of Mg–Al hydrotalcite catalysts and the solvents employed in the industrially important isomerization of glucose produce fructose. We prepared Mg–Al hydrotalcite catalysts with different Mg/Al atomic ratios to tune the basic properties of the catalyst. The prepared catalysts were used in the glucose isomerization conducted in various solvents. Experimental results confirmed that the catalysts exhibited different activities in the different solvents. We also implemented the Hammett indicator method, which allows to analyze

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Tomašegović, Tamara, Sanja Mahović Poljaček, Maja Strižić Jakovljević, and Raša Urbas. "Effect of the Common Solvents on UV-Modified Photopolymer and EPDM Flexographic Printing Plates and Printed Ink Films." Coatings 10, no. 2 (2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020136.

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The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of the solvents commonly used in flexography on photopolymer and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) flexographic printing plates and prints. EPDM plates are recommended when the reproduction process includes a higher amount of the solvents or aggressive solvents. Since additional UV treatment of flexographic printing plates could decrease the interaction between the plate and solvent, photopolymer and EPDM plates were treated with varied UV radiation and exposed to different types of solvents. Effects of the UV treatment and of the sol

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Hoyle, Charles E., Isaac B. Rufus, and Himanshu Shah. "Solvent effect on the photophysics of bisphenol-A-based polycarbonate and diphenylcarbonate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 11 (1995): 2062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-254.

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Polycarbonate and diphenylcarbonate exhibit an anomalous fluorescence emission with peak maximum around 350 nm in polar solvents that may be attributed to the association of diarylcarbonate moieties in a polar solvent cage. The red-shifted emission is attributed to intermolecular interactions in polar solvents and intramolecular interactions in polycarbonate. The photophysical behavior of polycarbonate and diphenylcarbonate is different from that of 1,3-diphenylpropane where a red-shifted emission is due to excimers formed by phenyl groups separated by three carbon atoms and is independent of

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Shcherbakov, Vladimir V., Svetlana V. Kurbatova, and Margarita N. Zemtsova. "The effect of the solvent nature on the quinoline derivatives physicochemical characteristics." Butlerov Communications 60, no. 11 (2019): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-60-11-31.

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The influence of the solvent nature on some physicochemical parameters of the quinoline derivatives molecules is investigated. It was noted that a variety of intermolecular interactions arising between the dissolved substance and the solvent and often accompanied by the phenomena of solvation, association, etc. leads to a variety of structural and energy changes in such systems and complicating their description. The most urgent problems of solutions include issues related to the solubility and bioavailability of biologically active compounds and drugs, the study of their ability to dissolve,

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Zhang, Xiaowei, Liqun Yang, Chong Zhang, et al. "Effect of Polymer Permeability and Solvent Removal Rate on In Situ Forming Implants: Drug Burst Release and Microstructure." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 10 (2019): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11100520.

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To explore the mechanism of drug release and depot formation of in situ forming implants (ISFIs), osthole-loaded ISFIs were prepared by dissolving polylactide, poly(lactide-co-glycolide), polycaprolactone, or poly(trimethylene carbonate) in different organic solvents, including N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and triacetin (TA). Drug release, polymer degradation, solvent removal rate and depot microstructure were examined. The burst release effect could be reduced by using solvents exhibit slow forming phase inversion and less permeable polymers. Both the drug burst re

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ARAGÓN, D. M., J. E. ROSAS, and F. MARTÍNEZ. "EFFECT OF THE IBUPROFEN SOLUBILITY IN ACETONE AND DICHLOROMETHANE ON THE DRUG RELEASE PROFILES FROM PLGA MICROSPHERES." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 44, no. 1 (2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2014.423.

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Acetone and dichloromethane were used as organic solvent to prepare ibuprofen-loaded PLGA microspheres by the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Some microspheres properties, such as microencapsulation efficiency and particle size, were affected by the organic solvent used. Depending on the organic solvent used microparticles obtained exhibited different controlled release profiles. In all cases it was extended up to 15 days. The obtained formulations did not exhibit zero- or first-order release kinetics and non-agreement with the Higuchi or Korsmeyer-Peppas models was found. On the other ha

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Chen, Ning, Yu Bin Ji, Dong Xue Song, Chang Ru Xu, Hui Song, and Jun Li. "Effects of Dauricine Concentration in Asiatic Moonseed by Different Extraction Solvents and Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 3162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.3162.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different extraction solvents and extraction methods on Dauricine concentrations in Asiatic Moonseed. Dauricine was extracted from Asiatic Moonseed by ultrasonic method with sulfuric acid and ethanol as solvents; then the comparative study was undertaken in the three extraction methods (warm immersion, percolation, ultrasonic) for Dauricine. The results showed that the extracting effect was best in the ultrasonic method with sulfuric acid as a solvent.

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Chialvo, Ariel A., and Oscar D. Crisalle. "Solvent and H/D Isotopic Substitution Effects on the Krichevskii Parameter of Solutes: A Novel Approach to Their Accurate Determination." Liquids 2, no. 4 (2022): 474–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/liquids2040028.

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We establish a direct route for the accurate determination of the solvent effect on the Krichevskii parameter of a solute, based solely on the contrasting solvation behavior of the solute in the desired solvent relative to that of the reference solvent, i.e., in terms of the distinct solvation Gibbs free energies of the solute and the corresponding Krichevskii parameters of an ideal gas solute in the pair of solvents. First, we illustrate the proposed approach in the determination of the H/D−solvent effect on the Krichevskii parameter of gaseous solutes in aqueous solutions, when the solvents

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Jezuita, Anna, Paweł A. Wieczorkiewicz, Halina Szatylowicz, and Tadeusz M. Krygowski. "Solvent Effect on the Stability and Reverse Substituent Effect in Nitropurine Tautomers." Symmetry 13, no. 7 (2021): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13071223.

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The solvent effect on the stability and electron-accepting properties (EA) of the nitro group attached to the C2, C6, or C8 position of nitropurine NH tautomers is investigated. For this purpose, the density functional theory (DFT) and the polarizable continuum model (PCM) of solvation in a wide range of solvents (1 < ε < 109) are used. We show that the EA properties of the NO2 group, described by the charge of the substituent active region (cSAR) model, are linearly dependent on the reciprocal of the solvent dielectric constant; in all cases, solvation enhances the EA properties of this

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Tähti, Hanna. "The Neurotoxicity of Organic Solvents, Studied with in Vitro Models." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 20, no. 2 (1992): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299202000221.

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The present paper deals with the general anaesthetic effect of organic solvents. The emphasis is on cell membranes as models for predicting the adverse reactions of the human nervous system to organic solvents, and for studying the mechanisms of their anaesthetic action. Human and rat erythrocyte and platelet membranes, rat synaptosomal membranes and cultured neural cell membranes were exposed in vitro to various concentrations (3–30mM) of benzene, toluene, o-xylene and styrene in the incubation mixtures. After exposure to a solvent for 30 minutes, the membrane integral protein integrity was d

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Hose. "The Effect of Solvent Variations on the Phytochemical Profile of Java Chime Fruit Extract (Piper Retrofractum Vahl) With Ultrasonic Method." INTERDISIPLIN: Journal of Qualitative and Quantitative Research 2, no. 2 (2025): 79–97. https://doi.org/10.61166/interdisiplin.v2i2.60.

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Javanese chilies are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds in extracts using 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. The aim of the research was to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in Javanese chili extract using 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. The research was conducted in the Pharmacy laboratory of the Islamic University of Madura. The extraction method used is the ultrasonic method using 3 types of solvents, namely 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane. Qualitative testing uses the Phytochemical screening method to determine t

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Rakipov, Ilnaz, Aydar Akhmadiyarov, Artem Petrov, Artashes Khachatrian, and Boris Solomonov. "The Solvation Effect of C=O Group of Cyclic Anhydrides in Solution." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7 (2023): 6724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076724.

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The paper reports the results of investigation intermolecular interactions between alanine and sarcosine anhydride in organic solvents. The absorption frequencies of cyclic dipeptide in solvents were measured by IR spectroscopy. The effect of Van der Waals interactions and the hydrogen bonding of solvents on absorption frequencies of the C=O group of anhydrides was discussed. The spectroscopic parameters for C=O∙∙∙H-O hydrogen bonding complexes of anhydride with methanol in aprotic and proton donor solvent are obtained. In multi-particle complexes of dipeptides with aliphatic alcohols, the hyd

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Choi, Jihoon, Kyoung-Hee Shin, and Young-Kyu Han. "Origin of Li+ Solvation Ability of Electrolyte Solvent: Ring Strain." Materials 16, no. 21 (2023): 6995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16216995.

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Developing new organic solvents to support the use of Li metal anodes in secondary batteries is an area of great interest. In particular, research is actively underway to improve battery performance by introducing fluorine to ether solvents, as these are highly compatible with Li metal anodes because fluorine imparts high oxidative stability and relatively low Li-ion solvation ability. However, theoretical analysis of the solvation ability of organic solvents mostly focuses on the electron-withdrawing capability of fluorine. Herein, we analyze the effect of the structural characteristics of so

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Fitriyani, Lely, Edwan Karadena, and Sukandar Sukandar. "Solid Concentration Effect for Solvent Extraction Process of Oily Contaminated Soil." Reaktor 19, no. 2 (2019): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.19.2.84-88.

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Solvent extraction has been used as a method to wash oil content of oily contaminated soil in industry for years. Some solvents and temperature ranges has been chosen to increase the oil recovery rate of extraction process, however only few studies reported that it has been able to reach remaining Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) less than 0.5% in less than 30 minutes. During the experiments, acetone and toluene chosen to extract oil content from contaminated soil by using solvent extraction process. Temperature selected were between 24°C up to 70°C. Mixing apparatus which has been utilized w

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Nikolic, Jasmina, Gordana Uscumlic, and Vera Krstic. "Solvent effect on electronic absorption spectra of cyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic and 2-methylcyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic acids." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 65, no. 5-6 (2000): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0006353n.

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The ultraviolet absorption spectra of cyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic acid and 2- methylcyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic acid were determined in six protic and nine aprotic solvents in the wavelength range from 200 to 400 nm. The position of the ?max of the two examined acids showed that the ultraviolet absorption maximums of cyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic acid were at consistently longer wavelengths in protic solvents than those of methylcyclohex-1-enylcarboxylic acid. The opposite was true in aprotic solvents. In order to explain the obtained results, the ultraviolet absorption frequencies of the electronic t

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