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Kerouanton, Jean-Louis. "Investissement religieux et architecture en Maine-et-Loire : 1840-1940 : les églises paroissiales". Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20019.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe rebuilding of parish churches is a phenomenon which particularly affects the west of France in the XIXth century. More than two third of Maine-et-Loire parishes, which confuse with Angers'diocese, are concerned by this rebuilding between 1840 and 1940. But it's in fact nearly the whole territory which is concerned all those works realised. This study, realised thanks to catalogue published by each parish, applies not only to the most important and large works campaigns but also to the most modest such as repairing or expansions. Then different actors, priests and architects, " fabriques ", towns, state, intervene with their complementarities or their oppositions. The geography taking shape not only takes care of the practical and religious attitudes, with a traditional eastern and western dichotomy in Maine-et- Loire. The geography leads up to a different logic which is more adapted to public and council equipments, answering to the population needs
Pillet, Elisabeth. "La restauration des vitraux des églises paroissiales de Paris de la Révolution à 1880". Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHEA001.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the begining of the nineteenth century, the Paris churches stained glasses were in a sorry condition. This sad condition is the result of the maintenance made by glaziers, the lighting campaigns during the eighteenth century and the vandalism during the French Revolution. The first restorations can only be part of a greater movement of the ancient technics rediscovery. So Georges Bontemps, the director of the Choisy le Roy glassworks, created a process to make red glass. From 1843- to 18454, the authotities of Paris started an ambitious restoration program with the sixteenth century stained glasses of the Virgin chapel in the parish church of Saint- Gervais. From 1845 to the end of the nineteenth century, one artist, trained as a painter, Prosper Lafaye, got almost all the restoration works of the city. He collaborated with Charles Denis, the official glazier of the capital under the architect Victor Baltard's authority. He only had a few competitors: the workshops Gsell-Laurent, Joseph Félon and Edouard Didron. At the third republic, the restoration orders began to lessen and the last work of Lafaye, made between 1876 and 1879, marqued the end of an area. The works that occurred afterwards were created in a completely different spirit and with different people
Salatko, Gaspard. "Restauration liturgique et planifications esthétiques : enquête sur les modalités de gestion de la forme art sacré en contexte de reconfiguration cultuelle catholique (France, XIXe-XXIe siècles)". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0485.
Pełny tekst źródłaBy observing the diocesan commission on sacred art, this work examines the esthetic results of liturgical project of restoration ratified by the second Vatican concil. In particular, the examination of the literary resources, producted or employed by these commissions, allows to emphasize how the theorists and the experts of the liturgy compose, from theology, sensitive arhitectures adjusted to their practices. By means of those documents, this work propose to explore how contemporary catholic church manages the esthetisation of its worship by laying the objective ressources allowing sensitive access to the Christian god, paradoxically considered unperceivable. In this manner, the human activities managing the composition of these worship environments can be discribed like a theological architecture which informs production of the solutions of access and contact to the divine one. This, the observation argues how this church reformulates the spatialized inscription of the christian god in the enclosure of the sanctuary. Consequently, the opeartions concerned with the application of this stabilizing economy tend to define a dynamics of homologation of the form "sacred art"
Malservisi, Franca. "La restauration architecturale en France : deux siècles de pratique ordinaire". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS019S.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe history of architectural restoration is an area of history that so far has been studied only occasionally. This research project proposes to establish a history of restoration through the changes in practice in order to formulate hypotheses based on material transformations caused by restoration work. Our project includes seven case studies of monuments classified as Historic Monuments for which successive restorations have been studied on the basis of their classification until the 1980s. The monuments selected are buildings of small dimensions. This choice of examples enabled us to focus our attention on less studied buildings. These buildings reveal different aspects of restoration methods in a much clearer fashion than "great landmarks". The analysis of restoration work mainly covers two aspects. The first aspect, a more technical one, deals with the understanding and critical evaluation of restoration projects and their implementation. The second aspect is the point of view of the history of architecture, which makes it possible to describe the esthetic phenomenon, the meaning of changes, and their impact on the perception of a work of architecture. This study includes a chronological presentation of the different restoration projects studied, and then the recurrent problems are discussed in a transversal way. This research enabled us to highlight the strong continuity in the approach to the preservation and restoration of historic buildings and to shed light on the specific areas in which the changes in architectural design as well as cultural changes led to changes in restoration practices
Vecco, Marilena. "Évolution économique du concept de conservation". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010041.
Pełny tekst źródłaBidaud, Camille. "La doctrine des Monuments historiques en France d'après Paul Léon (1874-1962)". Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2205/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuided by the hypothesis that the doctrine of Historic Monuments - between theoretical positions, subjective assessments and opportunistic arbitrations - has been the blind spot in restoration in France since the end of the 19th century, the objective of this doctoral thesis is to reopen this issue, based on the texts and decisions of Paul Léon (1874-1962), the main head of the historic monuments Department in the interwar period. Although his role is, today, often forgotten. In fact, Paul Léon has had an exemplary career at the Fine-Arts. He was head of the Historic Monuments Department from 1907 to 1932, a member of the Commission from 1907 to 1962 and Director of Fine Arts from 1919 to 1932. He is also the historiographer of the Department.Through his many writings, he was the main author of the propaganda of the historic monuments Department during the first half of the 20th century. Paul Leon justifies the practices by creating a theoretical framework for them without clearly stating the doctrine, without this being felt. The study of these texts, remarkable for their coherence and chronological distribution, reveals the continuity of the underlying doctrinal elements and allows to observe their effects on the work carried out.It is therefore also necessary to question the practice led by Paul Léon, through the architectural analysis of completed projects as three flagship restorations of the period —Saint-Remi de Reims, the Flemish squares of Arras and the Papal Palace in Avignon—, which makes possible to understand the practices of the Department. This analysis also allows to observe the points of consistency and omissions in Paul Léon's texts and the influence of practice on speeches
Jouves, Barbara. "La conservation et la restauration des tableaux des collections privées à Paris (1789-1870)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H070.
Pełny tekst źródłaConcerned about the conservation of their art collections, in the years between 1789 and 1870, Parisian amateurs called upon the services of painting restorers, who, at that time, belonged to a profession considered quite separate from that of art dealer, expert or even painter. While the restorer worked on paintings belonging to private collectors, he also acted as a guide for the latter, broadening their knowledge of Ŕ or even teaching them about Ŕ pictorial techniques. This understanding of the materiality of artworks gradually contributed to collectors being invited into museum committees as advisors, before they acquired a privileged status in museums, from the 1860s onwards, by bequeathing their collections
Lemaitre, Capucine. "La découverte, la restauration et la sauvegarde des mosai͏̈ques antiques en France au XIXème siècle". Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20046.
Pełny tekst źródłaAssociated with the notion of national antiquities and " historical monument ", the history of the conservation of antique mosaics comes within the framework of the patrimonial universe in the 19th century. The discipline progresses from the " 1er Empire " to the First World War, within multiple policies of conservation conducted by national museums, the Commission of historical monuments and local erudition nets. Italy has given the first models of restored mosaics on which antiquarians and architects based their conception of the Antiquity. Birthplace of roman and venitian schools of mosaic, Italy provided France with practitioners who brought their artistic skills as well as their restoration technics. Thus, they allowed France to pass on its ancient heritage to future generations. The restoration as a mirror of an emerging doctrine and subject to archeological knowledge disparities and different cultural policies of the moment, is characterized by a multitude of choices and results. It begins with a complete and idealized restitution of antique work and progresses towards a limited intervention so as to preserve the integrity of the archeological proof
Detry, Nicolas. "Le patrimoine martyr et la restauration post bellica : théories et pratiques de la restauration des monuments historiques en Europe pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2120/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaRestoration of historical monuments after 1945 is based on the acceptance or the rejection of the drama of loss. I identified for major periods of restoration in Europe after WWII : 1939-1945; 1946-1972 ; 1973-1989 ; 1990-2015. In France, as opposed to Germany or Italy, historiography in architecture still does not deal much with the history of restoration post-bellica, ie with historical monuments destroyed during WWII and progressively restored afterwards. The historiographical task at hand is to study within different contexts (Germany, France, Italy, ex-Yugoslavia, etc) the practices of restoration once peace is back, ie the architectural intervention on the ruins produced by war. Although ferments of restoration (for both works of art and architecture) can be identified, in the current sense of the term, as early as the 1930’s, the discipline is going to mature under the impetus of the immense workshop of post-bellica restoration. Methods, techniques and theories, still valid today, are then produced and applied. My suggestion is that such a workshop can be considered as an European lab within which a kind of "invisible college" is at work, centered around a few major international experts. Architects, historians of art, superintendents, archeologists, natural and social scientists share their experiences and points of view. Research laboratories, universities, museums, churches, international organizations are involved from all over Europe. But Italy is at the heart of the « invisible college ». I have organized the analysis of the post bellica restoration around the question of "lacunes" (deficiency, gaps; shortcomings), first from a theoretical point of view. Then I imagined a new way, a typology of architectural shortcomings in order to explain a practical point of view and constructive comes after the repair or "reintegration of lacune (gap)". I identified different families of "lacune" (gaps) affecting older buildings caught in the war. It’s then possible to speak about "lacune" at different scales and regardless of the type of hit artefact. I wanted to guide the reader through the maze of post bellica restoration, with the "lacune" used as a red string. The hole or the fall of a fragment of plaster in a mural painting, the impact of machine gun in a stone facade, falling arches and a church structures, fractures in the rhythmic span of a facade the complete collapse of the nave and the apse of a church, the destruction of the urban fabric around a monument and the demolition of an old stone bridge are all shortcomings that make us react. That's faces these shortcomings, different each time, what post bellica restoration thought martyr heritage, subject of this thesis
Auduc, Arlette. "Le service des monuments historiques de 1830 à 1940". Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4065.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrom 1830 to 1840 is built an original old monuments protection system, placed under the control of the State which assigns to these monuments an essential political role in the construction of a unified national memory. The thesis studies the doctrine of protection and conservation of the historic buildings, the installation of an administration with its central organization, its “scientific” personnel (general inspectors, commission of the historic buildings) and technique personnel (architects), the construction of a true right of the inheritance as well as the resources available to the service to conclude its missions. That around a few key moments: difficult years of training, the years 1880-1890 which see the first structuring of the service, the law of separation of the Church and the State (1905) which requires a complete reorganization, which transforms the doctrines of conservation and which leads to the law of December 31, 1913, then the inter-war period after the damage of the war and the controversies which followed it. But this evolution is not completely linear. Are also approached resistances and failures in length and progressive process of increase in capacities in the State what obliges to study the relations with the learned societies, the elected officials (local and national), the private owners and to examine the policies which one does not name yet patrimonial of the various political regimens which follow one another between 1830 and 1940
Aquilina, Manuelle. "Regards sur le Moyen Age, émergence et mise en communication d'un patrimoine médiéval : les remparts urbains aux XIXème et XXème siècles en Bretagne". Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20007.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the beginning of the 19th century, Breton towns are constricted by their medieval walls. Two centuries later, they feel proud of having preserved and enhanced this heritage. When the upkeep of urban walls became the bailiwick of Breton municipalities, the old fortifications were dealt with as any other piece of real estate, still, urbanistic inertia furthered passive preservation. The wish to preserve this historical heritage, backed by local erudites, merged at national level with the steps followed by the Commission for Historical Monuments. The acknowledgement of ramparts as historical monuments, both by populations and municipalities, resulted in numerous efforts which at times only occurred very late in the 20th century. Nevertheless, after a problematic integration into the sphere of heritage, medieval walls have become a major asset in the field of media communication over the last twenty years, and they are often used to back up the patrimonial communication of towns
Verjat, Armelle. "La gestion privée des monuments historiques privés : structures et outils juridiques et fiscaux". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111008.
Pełny tekst źródłaLEE, EUN-SEOK. "L'architecture industrielle en france et son rayonnement depuis les annees 1980 : technique et image". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010604.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thesis consisting of two main parts begins with the extension of new possibilities for architectural technology and company image found in modern industrial architecture. The first part considers the influence which has been exerted on modern industrial architecture in france and the change of enterprisers' understanding of architecture according to the sudden change in industrial society since 1970's. The second part examines thompson, a representative of the most advanced electronic companies in france and other industrial factories which c. Vasconi, valode & pistre, and r. Piano, industrial architects, had designed, and then reveals their new architectural concepts: vasconi expresses the power of company metaphorically through factory monuments, valode and pistre lay emphasis on human relationships within the factory by enlarging the space of operation, and piano suggests the protection of nature and the revival of manual labour by introducing natural elements into the factory and respecting the existing environment. In conclusion, modern industrial architecture, on one hand, has been devoted to the development of technology and material. On the other hand, it seems to have tried to find clues to the solution of social problems which arise in working places and of limitations of architectural form and fuction
Telese, Raffaella. "Il restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo : il caso francese". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS029S.
Pełny tekst źródłaSebbene indagato da ricercatori e tecnici da almeno un ventennio, il tema del restauro dell'architettura moderna e contemporanea conserva a tutt'oggi immutata la sua attualità in ambito internazionale. Molto eterogene et sono infatti le posizioni teoriche ed ideologiche rispetto al patrimonio ed all'architettura moderna in ambito internazionale. Spesso contraddette da una pratica operativa troppo frettolosamente orientata verso soluzioni di ripristino dello stato originario, esse oscillano fra la linea dell' unita di metodo, per l'intervento tanto sia sul patrimonio antico che sul moderno, e quella della diversificazione specialistica, giustificata da una serie di caratteristiche e di fattori peculiari di volta attribuiti all'architettura del Novecento. In questo variegato panorama internazionale particolarmente interessante ci è sembrata la posizione francese, caratterizzata da un lungo processo di maturazione attraverso il quale è stata infine predisposta una precisa strategia di tutela e di valorizzazione dell'architettura del XX secolo. L'analisi della pratica del restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo in Francia, nel suo aspetto tecnico e metodologico, constituisce infatti il contributo centrale e originale di questo lavoro, concepito come una dettagliata indagine sul terreno attraverso l'esperienza concreta e attuale di undici cantieri di restauro condotti, fra la line degli anni Novanta e l'anno corrente. L'obiettivo di questo contributo è di fornire il supporto di conoscenze e di elementi indispensabili alla formulazione di considerazioni critiche sulla pratica francese del restauro del patrimonio recente
Rascle, Pauline. "Biologie et écologie d'une population isolée : exemple d'Eryngium viviparum et perspectives pour sa conservation en France". Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0075/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe geographical isolation is an important threat for the long term preservation of populations. It is crucial to understand how the viability of populations is affected in such context, in particular to define conservation priorities. Eryngium viviparum J.Gay (Apiaceae) is one of the most endangered plant in Europe, with a fragmented distribution between the NW of the Iberian peninsula and Brittany. ln France, the species is maintained only on a single locality, after the destruction of its habitat by human activities during 1980s. Despite a conservation program and an attentive management within a protected area, the strong isolation experimented by this population bring up questions about its long-term viability. In this context, through a multidisciplinary approach, this thesis aims to improve the biological and ecological knowledge of E. viviparum, and more particularly within its last French population. This thesis is organized according three main axes : (1) The study of large-scale E. viviparum ecological amplitude, and the characterization of its fine scale ecological preferences within the last french population. (2) The viability evaluation of the isolated population according to its demographic modalities, and to its genetic structure in comparison with Iberian populations. (3) The experiment of its reintroduction modalities in France.The results of this study will contribute to define the long-term conservation priorities of E. viviparum in France. Finally, the case of E. viviparum is a good model to study the effect of the isolation on an isolated population dynamic, and to apply adapted conservation for species in a similar context
Durand, Isabelle. "Politiques patrimoniales et conservation des monuments antiques (amphithéâtres, théâtres et temples) à Arles, Nîmes, Orange et Vienne au XIXe siècle". Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10073.
Pełny tekst źródłaVan, Leeuwen Claire. "Les monuments d'architecture parisiens : pratiques patrimoniales et représentations (1790-1840) : genèse d'une conservation du patrimoine". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010562.
Pełny tekst źródłaDelas, Raphaële. "Aimé et Louis Duthoit, derniers imagiers du Moyen âge : un atelier de création et de restauration de sculpture médiévale à Amiens au XIXe siècle (1820-1870)". Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0013.
Pełny tekst źródłaLetissier, Fanny. "Les temps de l'urbanité : habiter le patrimoine à Paris". Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIML002.
Pełny tekst źródłaAn original conceptual and methodological reflection has been realised to understand the new social practices and representations of urbanity. This research settled on the urban logics of conservation and change, through an heritage’s point of view ; this one can be considered as a contemporary space and time indicator. First of all, a thougt about the actual conception of heritage has been made, then a detailed ground investigation has been realised in Paris. To avoid the cut of this concept, the notions of continuity and project have been of practices, representations, desires and identities of permanent and non permanent inhabitants of Paris made up our methodology. Moreover, it was essential to extract to the dichotomy of old places/new places to apprehend urban places and the city, as spaces with different temporal systems which consider to urban heritage as a progress contributing to urban making. This thesis demonstrates that a common heritage grows up in urban space and that a positive assessment of contemporaneous urbanity reflects past and future times of urbanity. In this way, the city by itself, through the inhabitant’s assessments represents an heritage by the end
Brucculeri, Antonio. "L'architecture classique en France et l'approche historique de Louis Hautecoeur : sources, méthodes et action publique". Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082134.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis combines two aspects: the intellectual and professional biography of the art's historian Louis Hautecœur (1884-1973) and the definition of the notion "classical architecture" in France. Hautecœur develops this notion on one hand through his new way of looking at an historical cycle, on the other hand taking part in the contemporary architectonic and cultural debate. According to the hypothesis carried out by this research, his Histoire de l'architecture classique en France (1943-1957), conceived and constructed in a rigorous way, following "archaeological" principles, takes on a didactic value not only for preservation of architectonic heritage but also for the project of contemporary architecture, so justifying the historian's action in both these fields. This thesis means to modify the usual point of view about a chief work in the historiography of French architecture: such a work is not reducible to a piece of academic erudition, but it is expression of a knowledge belonging to a wider intellectual horizon, involving first of all the dimension of present time
Rodriguez, Laura. "Savoir agir avec la nature : entre écologie scientifique, valeurs collectives et conceptions du monde". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG069/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the current regime of ecological crisis, one generally expects actions and decisions about environmental issues to be enlighten by scientific knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to challenge this view by investigating how ecological knowledge and actions on nature are linked. I propose to study the interweaving between ecological knowledge, collective values and conceptions of nature in documents related to three types of actions (conservation in a nature reserve, environmental impact assessment, and ecological restoration). I lean on a field study where these actions are embodied, the plain of Crau (Bouches-du-Rhône, France). First, I examine how different types of ecological knowledge are translated in (and are influenced in return by) specific actions. I show that, in addition to the practical constraints of any action, this mutual relation is shaped by scientific cultural dynamics, as well as historical trajectories of these knowledges and actions. Then, I explain how the need to guarantee both credibility and legitimacy create an inherent tension in environmental actions. Finally, I explore how knowledge is based on preconceptions about our relationships with nature, and lead to specific ways of acting. From these insights, I suggest some trails to know and act differently with nature in the context of current ecological issues
Couray, Bapsolle Géraldine. "Patrimoine religieux en Languedoc-Roussillon 1789-1914 : étude de cas en milieu urbain". Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20072.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter the disruption due to the Revolution, laws must be drawn up in order to manage at the same time the maintenance and the restoration of the churches and the cathedrals ruined by many years of closing down or reallocation. Then, the preference is particulary given to the cathedrals built in Northern gothic style of the 13th century. The architects restore the churches according to those models and sometimes they do it to the detriment of the respect of their archeological authenticity. In fact, as they want to achieve and to restore them as they should be, they transmute them into real "objets d'art". Simultaneously, the liturgical reorganization and the signifiant increase of the population set the upheaval of their architecture as well as of their decor. Finally, the extension of the cities and progress create
Rannou, Nolwenn. "L' exercice de l'architecture et de la restauration en France au XIXe siècle : la carrière de Joseph Bigot (1807-1894), architecte finistérien". Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20003.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study dedicated to Joseph Bigot (1807-1894) will examine the works of a prolific architect (about 400 interventions) who plied his trade in the Finistere region from 1835 to 1892. Trained by highway engineers and by the architect Seheult (Nantes), he started as a departmental architect then acceded to the function of diocesan architect. His position as the only representative of his profession in the civil building departemental commission until 1873 and as the bishop's adviser entitled him to control all the public and religious orders. Besides his official functions, he also practised a liberal profession and took an active part of the local cultural and political life. Influenced by the rationalism and medieval art, he essentially put a typological eclecticism into practice. He constructed several schools and presbyteries, the Keriolet neogothic castle and 29 churches. His practice of restoration made him stand out too (he achieved the spires of the Quimper cathedral)
Bernabé, Emmanuelle. "Les mécanismes d'altération des monuments historiques en environnement océanique et rural : application à la conservation de l'église Saint Nonna de Penmarc'h et de Basilique Notre-Dame du Folgoët". Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30123.
Pełny tekst źródłaWelger-Barboza, Corinne. "Le devenir documentaire du patrimoine artistique : perméabilités du musée aux technologies numériques". Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe hypothesis is put forward of a convergence between an anticipated entrance of contemporary art works into the artistic heritage, and the process of documenting these works - a process facilitated both by hypermedia techniques and by an increasingly industrialized cultural context. Although museum professionals use these techniques of archiving and numerical distribution for documentary purposes, they are in fact designed for a general public that has embraced the ideology of the + virtual. More importantly, this new trend of a documentary approach to art creates a situation in which numerical technologies are able to gain entrance into the art-heritage world. In return, these same technologies assist in the documentation of the works that constitute our heritage by offering increased accessibility to image and information -related resources - the aim being to provide an exhaustive record of this universal heritage (including all periods and geographical regions) that will be available to users in such a way that temporal and spatial considerations are no longer a factor. These transformations are examined from a historical perspective in which we see the institutional construction of an art heritage system that begins with the french revolution. It then becomes clear that the contemporary manner of bringing works into the fold of the national art heritage is different in that it appears to be based on an anticipatory mode, a mode thats is operative in all those areas of social and cultural production that are concerned by a policy of extensive heritage inclusion
Dupont, Robin. "Archéologie et patrimoine : étude sur la mise en valeur des villae romaines en Europe occidentale". Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU1001.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first part treats legal frameworks and history of the valorization of the « villae ». Then, the prerogatives observed before the sites scenic treatments are studied. The medical assessment of the ruins puts forward the causes, the consequences and the mechanisms of deteriorations of the real structures and the decorations of the « villae ». In response, the devices are stared to gaurantee the perenniality of the vestiges. The second part testifies to an undeniable attractivity and exploitation of tourist potential of for the « villae ». The raised frequentation makes it possible to bring fourth explanations concerning these fluctuations. Then, the main thermes relating to the valorization of a villa are established, like the vegetation of approval or consumption, water, the mosaics and the parietal decorations. Thirdig, we note the muliplicity of the sites where the key words are « to preserve and animate », without forgetting the historical compromise and the archaeological constraint. Still let us evoke a technique often used for the public presentation of archaeological materials : the reconstitution. The archaeological site is also a place of multi-field activities programs, formation and appreciation of ancien civilization for the children
Lenoir-Quintard, Magalie. "Entretenir un monument gothique sous l'Ancien Régime : la Sainte Chapelle du Palais". Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE499A.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the end of teh XVIIIth century, the Sainte Chapelle of Paris was in a rather disconcerting state: although an essential monument binding the french monarchy to the holy relics of the Passion, thus offering both the relics and their royal protector to the common worship of the french people, the building and its decorations were in a surprisingly severe condition. The present analysis of the maintenance and embellishments made to the Sainte Chapelle between the end of the middle-ages and 1795 is therefore restoring an essential part of its history, through a study of general repairs and daily maintenance operations carried on the structure itself, as well as on its decoration, furniture and liturgical ornaments. The methodology used mixing institutional analysis, identification of economic trends and review of artistic evolutions could be applied to the other monuments of the french "Ancien Regime". It provides interesting insights on the role of dedicated personnel buildings, part of an institution distorting the allocation of funds at the expense of the monument's maintenance. It provides also useful hints on the evolution of medieval monuments, suffering from the vicissitudes of time and changing esthetical taste. The incomes dedicated to the Sainte Chapelle and the efforts made to maintain and embellish the monument finally reveal an already existing sense of heritage. A more thorough appraisal has yet to be made of its influence in medieval and modern architecture
Savoy, Bénédicte. "Les spoliations de biens culturels opérées par la France en Allemagne autour de 1800". Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081924.
Pełny tekst źródłaFiori, Ruth. "La construction d'une conscience patrimoniale parisienne à la fin du XIX siècle : acteurs, pratiques et représentations (1884-1914)". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010572.
Pełny tekst źródłaVuillemard-Jenn, Anne. "La Polychromie de l'architecture gothique à travers l'exemple de l'Alsace : structure et couleur : du faux appareil médiéval aux reconstitutions du XXIe siècle". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20047.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhereas portals monopolizes the very attention of researchers, polychromic in gothic architecture is a rarely studied area. Following vivid debates during the XIXth Century, within which Viollet-le-Duc played an essential role, a major part of the XXth Century proved its very taste centerd upon the aesthetics of plain stone. Four roughly three decades, some remnants of colourings have been noticed everywhere in Europe but their study remains isolated. A synthesis of our knowledge seemed in order. Moreover, through about a hundred Alsatian edifices we have wished to show the significance of researches on the scale of a region. It is also proper to acknowledge the various settings alterations, indeed one cannot neglict the neo gothic polychromics. At last, art historian should be linked with restorations. And the question of architectural polychromics needs to be raised : it is a work of art ? If indeed it is, then it needs to be restored using the same methods as for figurative painting
Gourbin, Patrice. "Les monuments historiques de 1938 à 1959 : une administration au service de l'architecture". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010541.
Pełny tekst źródłaChenevez, Alain. "La Saline d'Arc-et Senans- : étude socio-historique d'une conversion culturelle. : de l'usine vivante au patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco : entre mémoire et justification utopique". Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1027.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Arc-et-Senans saltworks, today a cultural center, was a factory from 1778 to 1895. A first chapter relates the working-class life during the industrial concern. Administrative data partly retrace the social history of the saltworkers' world. Besides, the saltworks reached an exceptional status when they were inscribed on the Unesco world heritage list in 1982. A second chapter relates the history of conciliation, compromises, but also conflicts, exclusions and choices among various destinations or uses of the site. Cooperations, interdependencies networks, original interactions have allowed a particular transformation of the previous saltworks. The originality, in this case, is a cultural reconversion that is not in relationship with the history of the living factory, but based on Claude-Nicolas Ledoux's architecture, that is now considered as one of an utopia's essential elements
Callais, Chantal. "De l'équipement public au monument historique, les architectes et la fonction publique d'Etat au XIXe siècle : à corps perdu, Pierre-Théophile Segretain architecte, 1789-1864". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS024S.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrained in Paris with Louis Bruyère, after one year at Polytechnique, Segretain joined his native Deux-Sèvres, where he is nominated as architect of the Department at the age of 26 years. Fascinated by the new programs of Public Works, he commits himself, with the total confidence of his Inspector General Mérimée, enthusiastically to the first restorations of historic buildings. Nourished by the culture of public service transmitted by his Master, he defends the idea of the creation of a hierarchically structured body of State architects, just like the civil engineers, that will however, never see the light of day except in the field of cultural heritage. By comparing the status of the “architects of the government” on the whole of the French territory, outside Paris, during the XIXth century, it is possible to identify variations and common points between the departmental services of the civil building which entrusted to the local government increasingly move away from the central state control
Leclère, Jérémy. "Modèles prédictifs des peuplements de juvéniles 0+ de poisson en grands cours d'eau : outil pour la gestion et la restauration". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MNHN0006.
Pełny tekst źródłaRiver management is supported by the use of numerous biological indicators in order to assess ecosystems condition, to identify the origin of disturbances and to provide valuable information on the possible restoration measures. In large river systems, some limitations have been highlighted for the fish-based indicators, which are usually built on adult populations. These limitations are related to their ability to disentangle disturbance sources and to assess the effectiveness of river bank rehabilitation works, which represent a large part of current restoration acts in these systems. Indicators based on young-of-the-year (YOY) fishes should overcome these limitations since YOYs are strongly sensitive to their environment and occupy specific habitat reflecting their biological requirements. This thesis aims to develop a preliminary multi-metric index, strictly based on young-of-the-year fishes, in order to assess the ecological integrity of riparian habitats of large river systems
Maire, Anthony. "Comment sélectionner les zones prioritaires pour la conservation et la restauration des communautés de poissons de rivière ? Applications aux échelles de la France et du Pas-de-Calais". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13313/1/Maire.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHullo-Pouyat, Céline. "La restauration monumentale en question : la réforme de 1985 : la circulaire du 5 août 1985 relative aux études préalables et son application". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040031.
Pełny tekst źródłaWas the institutionalization of conservation plans for scheduled monuments by the circular letter of the 5th August 1985 an innovation for the French department of historic monuments? To which main theory and history books the overhaul is referred? Was the overhaul only an administration reform or reflect a cultural movement to have a better understanding of significance of historic monuments? Has the resort to conservation plans modified practices of project managers? How are the relationship between the owner's needs and the value of historical, architectural and technical monuments? The main objective was not only to rationalize the management of works but also to gather and record all information before, during and after carrying out the conservation works. Another objective was to reaffirm the power and efficiency of the Central State for the cost of conservation plans and conservation works and for the standardization of the documents provided by project managers. The overhaul was calling into question at the end of the century, which could be seen as a political will for decentralization
Rolland, Frédéric. "Les collections privées de films de cinéma en support argentique en France". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS008S.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe vagaries of film preservation (within the film industry) has led to a considerable number of films to vanish. While film and audiovisual archives institutions have multiplied and they have significant funds, there are at the same time in France amateurs, collectors of silver film prints, which sometimes have rare or unique titles in all formats. Beyond release films, specialized for amateur market, face a legal environment often hostile to their passion, their activities and even their existence are unknown. Knowledge of available resources is still desirable in terms of heritage but also functional when the transition process chain engineering manufacturing and distribution of photochemical film to digital began last few years. The digitization of holdings listed should remain incomplete for long and many films will be invisible. Private collectors could further collaborate with institutions and rightholders to the preservation of French cinema
Versaci, Antonella. "L'origine des secteurs sauvegardés : intentions et difficultés dans la mise en place des premières opérations". Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083101.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe French law of 4 August 1962 raised for the first time the question of the protection of the historic areas, its three fundamental objectives being: safeguarding city centres of a historic, artistic and cultural importance; rendering previously uninhabitable lodging habitable, and; establishing financial incentives. At the time, four hundred cities were deemed worthy of protection. Today, less than 98 areas have been classified as "secteurs sauvegardés". This amount ought not be considered negligible. Numerous steps have been taken towards the safeguarding of the urban heritage, but this evolution has been slow and contradictory. The objective of this work is to shed light on the conceptions of heritage prevalent at the time, their practical implementation, the weaknesses and the strengths thereof via a historical analysis of the first generation "secteurs sauvegardés". The finding emanating from this research will aid in identifying appropriate policy for today’s safeguard and recognition of historic centres
Léone-Robin, Isabelle. "Paul Gout (1852-1923), architecte du gouvernement et théoricien". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040223.
Pełny tekst źródłaPaul Gout (1852-1923), after studying under Jean-Charles Laisné and Anatole de Baudot, became a diocesan architect in Troyes, Reims, Soissons, Vannes, and Paris, and an architect of the historic buildings from 1879 to 1923. He undertook to restore a lot of old edifices in the south-west, the west and the east of France. In 1898, he was promoted to the rank of chief architect of the historic buildings at Mont-Saint-Michel (Normandy). As the manager of the encyclopaedia of architecture, he wrote many articles. And in 1914, he brought out the first monograph upon Viollet-le-Duc’s life and work
Gilot, Marie-Agnès. "Augustin-Nicolas Caristie (1781-1862), culture architecturale et carrière d’un Grand Prix de Rome". Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20033.
Pełny tekst źródłaAugustin-Nicolas Caristie can be considered as an unrecognized figure of the french architectural elite during the XIXe century. This study is a contribution to revalue his major role in the architectural middle among the most famous personnalities who left a mark in the townscape, particularly during the Monarchie de Juillet and the Second Empire. The centralized state is also progressively equiped with administrations for the control of public buildings and the protection of the ancient monuments. The École Royale des Beaux-Arts and the Académie de France à Rome dispense jointly the prestigious formation to the architects and give them the guarantee that they will obtain an official status under the aegis of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. Caristie, emulator of Charles Percier, Grand Prix de Rome in 1813, Villa Médicis’ pensionnaire until 1820, gets progressively into the main institutional networks of this learned class. His passion for archaeology and his contribution to save with efficiency the ancient monuments make him also appear as an emblematic figure of the building’s restoration. Inspecteur général of the Conseil des Bâtiments Civils in 1827, and then his vice-président in 1846, member of the Jury d’Architecture in the École des Beaux-Arts in 1835, architecte-expert as early as 1837 of the Commission des Monuments Historiques, and then his vice-président in 1852, he is elected to the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1840. He enjoys a certain intellectual prestige, holding simultaneously these strategic posts in a context of growing town planning, assuming the necessary joint between authorities and creators, contributing to a large extent to the theoretical debate and to its impact on the architectural creation. His route embodies the synthesis between the neo-classic inheritance, its sensibility in front of orientations of the young classic generation and the rational requirement of the public good through a theoretical, educational share and a popularizer, whom he brings up to the rank of the mission
Blais, Nathalie. "Regards sur la ville sous la monarchie de Juillet : patrimoine architectural et modernité urbaine dans un espace en mutation". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H004.
Pełny tekst źródłaHeiress of seeds sowed since the French Revolution, the July Monarchy develops the bases of a cultural heritage policy in a context of urban revival. Cities begin a transformation process of their framework to answer the necessities of the public health and adapt itself to the socioeconomic changes. In this context, new forms of vandalism appear. Between preservation of monuments and public health-, various actors have to reach a consensus. Although criticized, the re-use appears as the best alternative. It is a question of reconciling the monuments of Ancient France with the imperatives of modern France. Of this denunciation of "beau percé", the defense of a face of the city, with the notion of urban landscape appears. Object of a local pride, the building constitutes an economic cultural capital. Landscapes and monuments constitute one of the main attractions and assets of a city. The government establishes three entities dedicated to historic monuments and favors the development of the learned societies. These actors, called "hussars of historic monuments", involve to the practices of Ancien Regime. In the face of a multi-form vandalism, they develop new modalities of management of buildings by taking into account several parameters, of which the integrity. Through their speeches, they invite in a new reflection on the place and the role of the historical monument in an urban space which regenerates in depth. To reach their goals, tools of popularization of the archaeology are set up and spread to train the new generation and contribute to an awareness
Pannier, Olivier. "Jean-Camille Formigé, architecte". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS031S.
Pełny tekst źródłaVingtain, Dominique. "Du passé composé : genèse d'un Monument historique français, le Palais des Papes d'Avignon de la Révolution à la Seconde Guerre mondiale". Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4029.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe following work analyses the change of a gothic palace into a listed "national historic building" during a long period of time starting with the French Revolution and ending with the Second World War. In the first part, we study the process that drives the building from the destruction of the palace to its new uses, showing how the break of the Revolution leads to a loss of function (chap. 1) that the State tries to take over with the new assignments to the building (chap. 2). The second part recounts the invention of a "national historic building", highlighted first through the creation of a monument of literature made of historic studies and trip diaries (chap. 3). The development of the knowledge about the palace comes with the production of a massive iconography that we assess through the XIXth century. The creation of this "national historic building" by the scholars, scientists and artists is eventually confirmed by its protection granted by the States as part of the listed "national historic building" in 1840 (chap. 4). In 1860, the first projects of renovation and restoration come to life (chap. 5), among which the plans of famous architects like Viollet-le-Duc and Révoil. The third part of our work focuses on analyzing the genesis of a cultural tool from the early XXth century to the Second World War, underlining hte creation and the organization of an institution (chap. 6) and then the reconstruction of its medieval features by Henri Nodet (chap. 7). The Palace of the Popes, milestone of the gothic architecture in France, reveals itself today a perfect palace to study the contemporary policies on historical and cultural heritage
Giraud-Labalte, Claire. "Les Angevins et leurs monuments : 1800-1840". Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO20046.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study deals with the emergence of the concept of the historic monument between 1800 and 1840 in the department of maine et loire. The relationships between the angevins and their monuments, from the end of the revolution to the official creation of a department of historic monuments, are analyzed through the opinions of contemporary personalities (sholars, local or foreign artists) and the actions undertaken (demolition, new uses, rehabilitation). The way the angevins responded to the government's initiatives as far as monuments were concerned, the commitment of antiquaries, and the architectural interventions are the main indicators of the slow evolution of their awareness of their local heritage. In 1840 the department of maine et loire seems to be among the most interested in the recognition and the conservation of their monuments
Proust, Clotilde. "Les ateliers du Musée des Antiquités nationales : aux origines de la restauration en archéologie". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H015/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1
Renault, Jean-Baptiste. "L'écrit diplomatique à Saint-Victor de Marseille et en Provence (ca. 950 - ca. 1120)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG037.
Pełny tekst źródłaBy the articulation of two main issues, i. e. the existence of a "diplomatic area" understood as a cultural space delimited through the practices of document writing, and the development of centers of writing, this study highlights the increasingly importance and contrasting influence of the ecclesiastical institutions on the diplomatic writing in Provence in the 10th and 11th centuries. The circulation of men and formulaic patterns made of western Provence, from about 950 to 1010, a network that allowed the spreading of common practices. In the early 11th century, one sees a break in this evolution as a consequence of the rapid decline of the use of diplomatics for private interactions and the disappearance of scribes who used to have a large clientele in the cities. Thanks to a better managing of the writing of documents in the first half of the 11th century, the scriptoria have not modified in the same way the formulaic patterns. The scribes of the abbey of Saint-Victor of Marseilles developed a highly original diplomatic practice based on stylistic and rhetorical devices, which are reflected in the preambles and the pastoral references praising the alms of aristocratic families. A second break with the traditions occurred at Saint-Victor in the middle of the 11th century, when the home-made formulas were replaced by simplified ones. The care Saint-Victor took of the appearance of the documents shows a special concern for the media feature of the document, which is also apparent in the use of archives and their valorization through the classification of charters and the compilation of a large cartulary
Lefort, Nicolas. "Patrimoine régional, administration nationale : la conservation des monuments historiques en Alsace de 1914 à 1964". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037903.
Pełny tekst źródłaDe, Matos-Machado Rémi. "Paysages de guerre et Lidar : de la caractérisation des polémoformes à la conservation des patrimoines naturel et culturel de la forêt domaniale de Verdun (Meuse, France)". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC033/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn 2013, an airborne LiDAR mission conducted over the Verdun battlefield has brought to light landforms from the First World War. Concealed by a large forest cover of 10,000 ha, these landforms, called polemoforms, have a significant archaeological value because they constitute artefacts from the past. They should be inventoried to improve their conservation for the sustainable management of the forest. However, at the scale of the entire site, this work is only possible if an automatised mapping method is developed. To achieve this, the methodology used is threefold: (i) It consists in extracting landforms from the digital terrain model by means of a semi-automatic algorithm; (ii) Landforms geometry is studied using a combined approach of multivariate analyses, which allows to classify similar polemoforms; (iii) Classes interpretation is carried out on the field site and supplemented by historical documents collected in ten French and German archives centres. The resulting map reveals the presence of a huge number of remaining polemoforms, approximately 600,000, in addition to more than 400 km of fire and communication trenches. Their morphological signature is rich and due to the different ways of building facilities. Their location is determined by clearly defined spatial patterns such as distance to the frontline and pre-war landscapes parameters. Beyond the reproducible nature of the method, which may contribute to the fundamental research development on other battlefields, this thesis provides operational tools for management and conservation of the historical, cultural and natural heritage of the Verdun forest. As a result, the produced iconographic and cartographic corpus will be directly used in the next forest management plan, in order to optimise the safeguarding of polemoforms and associated remnants
Nakayama, Shun. "Genèse d’une conscience et d’une politique patrimoniales à Toulouse (1789-1913) : de la "cité palladiene" à la "ville rose"". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20039.
Pełny tekst źródłaToulouse had conserved its historical monuments between 1789 and 1913. The measures were devoted to the institutionalization and valorization of these monuments as local heritage. Not only the government and local authorities, but local scholars also committed themselves to this long project. These scholars had a significant role since the Revolutionary era in the foundation of the Museum of Toulouse (1793), organization of collections and conservation of historic monuments. Seen as the ‘second city’ of France or Europe, Toulouse should be known in the art world for its conservation practices. At the time of the organization of a national system of conservation of historical monuments, local scholars established the Archaeological Society of the South of France (1831). Their frequent conflicts with the government, local authorities and private owners of monuments started in the nineteenth century. But that situation did not prevent them from conserving some historic buildings, artworks and local memory, unlike the government, which intends to find national or universal interest in these monuments especially before the enactment of the law separating the Church and the State. With the progress of the institutionalization of cultural heritage, the valorization of local heritage reflected lesser universal interest in the art of Toulouse than local historic memory with local historic and art studies and their popular books and guides. It is even more inseparable from the birth of the idea of the ‘Rose City’, which symbolizes the characteristics of the architecture of Toulouse
Paulhiac, Florence. "Le rôle des références patrimoniales dans la construction des politiques urbaines à Bordeaux et Montréal". Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00265082.
Pełny tekst źródłaUne innovation est notamment repérée à travers le cas de la reconversion du Vieux Port de Montréal , celle de la constitution d'une trame patrimoniale, produite à l'occasion d'une planification négociée et participative.