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Philippo, Hervé. "Fortunes, trajectoires et modes de vie des notables lillois (vers 1780 - vers 1830) : étude socioculturelle et statistique des noblesses et bourgeoisies de Lille à partir des déclarations de mutation après décès et des archives notariales". Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30012.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this work is to examine the make-up of estates (the process of accumulating wealth), the observation of family strategies (rationales for investment) as well as the individual trajectories of the Lille inhabitants. It is a matter of setting into relief the lifestyles and thought processes of the old families and of the new man and women who will have served as the link between the Old Regime before 1789 and the revolutionary period up to Louis-Philippe's accession to the throne. The whole of the population transferring property upon their demise have been registered at the Wills and Probate Department which makes it possible to create a data base ; the resort to notarial resources cannot be avoided if one is to ascertain the origins and the development of fortunes - the share of legacies and of savings proper, the way of life of the élite as well
Turc, Sylvain. "Les élites grenobloises de 1760 à 1848 : recherches sur un groupe social en transition". Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/turc_s.
Pełny tekst źródłaIf Grenoble's modern high society is now better known thanks to the work of Maurice Virieux, of Clarisse Coulomb, of Pierre Léon and of Robert Chagny, no one has yet attempted to measure persistance of the dominate groups under the Old Regime in the capital of the Alps during the first half of the nineteenth century, or the impact and social implication in Grenoble of the French Revolution wich completely disrupted France's social structures during this time. Can one say that a new high society was born in Grenoble at the twilight of absolutism ? What were the origins of Grenoble's contemporay high-thinking society ? Slow to appear, the changes which affected the dominate groups at the time of Stendhal materialize in three stages and concern three generations of notables. From 1760 to 1788, the various aristocratic groups in Grenoble appear rich, powerful, - at least on a provincial scale - influent, and they dominate local society in spite of a relative distance of Parisian circles of power and decision. The fall and the breakdown of the Old Regime, and the disappearance of the parliament of Grenoble, supreme court of appeal for the province of Dauphiné, then the radicalisation of the French Revolution after 1790 weaken nobility, but does not destroy it : this allows the aristocracy of the Enlightenment to benefit from Napoleonic stabilisation and the Bourbon restoration. At the same time, the revolutions of 1789 and 1830, then the final disappearance of the nobility of Grenoble as from 1820 offer unique opportunities of social mobility to the Old Regime middle-class families. These merchants, these landowners, these barristers and lawyers, these magistrates, all contemporary of Henri Beyle and the Champollion brothers, rise to the gouvernement's positions at the head of the city of Grenoble, which then stepped in the romantic atmosphere. In fact, thus, they take adavantage at the recent transitions. Our research tries to explain the birth of modernity in the city of Grenoble during the first half of the nineteenth century : a modernity which rose out of the soil of the Old Regime, but of which we are the distant heirs
Perret, Hervé. "Huguenots, francs-maçons et habitants : construction et représentation d'une élite coloniale : La Réunion (1665-1830)". Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082521.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this prosopographic work, I focused on the Reunion colonial elite, trying to understand the organization in the policies of devolution of inheritance, power and social representations, over the long run. This issue implies to draw, through the study of specific cases, the building-up of the complex parental structures being used to perpetuate both material and symbolic acquisitions and also to gather social prestige. It makes it necessary in addition to probe the privileged places of the representation of the elite, seeking to apprehend the identity and cultural ferment in the organisation of targeted forms of sociability. To complete such a study in ethnohistory, I relied on the archives of the local Freemasonry which display a rather accurate fac-simile of the composition of the white colonial elite and the research of a lineage: Justamond/Hubert
Cheirezy, Céline. "Les élites sociales en Lauragais au XIIIe siècle". Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20025.
Pełny tekst źródłaWords, gestures from others, few possessions distinguish elites. Their powers, reputation and influence put under their domination. Power and reputation originate in birth, competence, knowledge, fortune. We can distinguish lordly elites, and urban elites who have exalted position in their town as notaries, craftsmen, merchants, consuls. However, fortune or knowledge aren't sufficient to be an elite : spatial position in the town allow to have reputation and to be considered as elite. The composition of elites change with the Crusade against Albigeois, the inquisitorial action and the linking up of the Toulouse county in the French kingdom. But many families of elites hold one's own, in spite of the condemnation of members because heresy. This fact can be explained by strategies which strengthen social position and partake of consciousness of identity. This survey allow to elaborate a system of the elite notion
Coquery, Natacha. "De l'hôtel aristocratique aux ministères : habitat, mouvement, espace à Paris au 18e siècle". Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010511.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the 18th century, the parisian manision has become a complex reality. It points out different entities : private stays, administrative buildings, hostels, blocks, blocks of flats, and it moves, as years go by, from one use to anther. The socio-economical analysis of the mansion, as the traditionnal frame of living in court society, is a way of studying the social system of consumption and a trade connected to the elistist organization of the society. In the same time, the building is a trade good, as nobles, moving around in town, tend to see it more an more as merchandise. This way of looking breeds new uses followed by an evolution of the urban grid and buildings. This is how the administration, whose needs of officves grow as it develops and rationaliztes, puts the hands on the aristocratic home to set its supreme authorityon stage. To the aristocratic mansions have succeded, in the same places, minster offices ; to social power, administrative pwer. Despite itsz transformation, the mansion has not lost its essential function which is, under any form, changing with time, to welcome the actors of power, that is to show, through its luxury, their power
Combet, Michel. "Jeux des pouvoirs et familles : les elites municipales a bergerac au xviiie siecle". Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20022.
Pełny tekst źródłaA study of the lives of the families which provided magistrates in a small town of south-west france in the 18th. Century : bergerac. Located half-way up the dordogne-valley, bergerac remained a protestant stronghold from 1598 to 1621. The measures which followed the repeal of the edict of nantes theoretically removed the former elites from positions of reponsability. New, catholic elites were then promoted : they were to rule until 1790. The procedures for appointing town officials favour the emergence of oligarchies. This was to bring about a political crisis, in the middle of the century, with repercussions spreading far beyond the bergerac area. A combination of subservience and resistance considerably restricted the exercise of local power, and magistrates devoted their energies to preserving ancient privileges and protecting the image of power. Socially speaking most aldermen come from the bourgeoisie. Their relatively heterogeneous wealth is not in most cases to be found among the huge local fortunes, often held by protestants. This biographical survey reveals that most magistrates, in fact belong to a small group of kinship networks with numerous branches enabling them to control the various centres of power. They include lawyers, tradesmen, the lesser nobility, both catholic and protestant. The gontier de biran family overshadows all others and reigns supreme over all centres of power during most of the century. The intellectual world of these elites is characterized by cultural mediocrity and religious conformity, with very few individuals standing apart. However, in the second half of the century the creation of clubs contributes to a development of ideas, while a restructuring of the elite is beginning to take shape. The french revolution was to enable the protestant bourgeoisie to be readmitted into the political class which, henceforth includes, till 1870, worthies from the 17th. And 18th. Century magistrates'families
Sala, Céline. "Élites, sociabilité et réseaux relationnels : les Francs-Maçons en Roussillon et en Catalogne des Lumières à la Restauration". Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE2003.
Pełny tekst źródłaFreemasonry in the Roussillon and Catalonia came to the fore within a new geo-political context. In fact, the Roussillon had only recently been attached to France (an altogether different context from that of a province which had always been part of France). What is more, Perpignan, a border town is geographically the furthest from Paris. The sociability of the Freemasons of the Roussillon under the Ancien Regime appeared as an on-going process and to understand it, presupposes the restitution of the networks to which the elite were attached and of which they were members. In the temple that the Masonic society formed, a web of relationships was woven, simple yet complex, visible or beneath the surface, stable or unstable. Having placed these elements in perspective, we will attempt to explicit the profile of the Masonic elite in the Roussillon. An elected society, the Freemasons were in search of recognition through its membership, which qualified the Assembly by closing it to others. This research aims to show an essential distinction between, on the one hand, Masonic daily life (within its Temples) which enables its structural evolution to be taken into account; and on the other hand, the brothers' daily lives within secular society. The study of the Masonic structure and its evolution within the Masonic Lodge of the Temples in Roussillon precedes the analysis of the destiny of the Masons as subjects and then as citizens
Minvielle, Stéphane. "Les comportements démographiques des élites bordelaises au XVIIIème siècle : les apports d'une reconstitution des familles à l'histoire de Bordeaux : de la Révocation de l'Edit de Nantes à lai͏̈cisation de l'état civil". Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30042.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the 18th century, Bordeaux is a prosperous city with many elites, which they are noble or commoners. We study their demographic behaviours thanks to a reconstitution of the families relating to more than 78000 parochial acts, including 9585 marriages. At that time, the marriage rate of the elites of Bordeaux is subjected to many constraints, as the control of the parents on the choice of the spouse, the late ages to the marriage, very strong rates of endogamy and homogamy, the respect of the lessons of the Church and the mobilisation of important capital to sign a marriage contract. Between 1685 and 1792, the average size of the descent passes from 9 to 4,5 children. The noble ones have the appearance of pioneers, their contraceptive turn dating from the years 1730 whereas, for the trade, it is necessary to wait until 1770 to attend the generalisation of contraception. In spite of many factors of stability, with in particular a rather weak mortality, the families of the elites renew themselves permanently, especially in a prosperous city which attracts with it individuals in the search of a social rise
Barbusse, Grégory. "Le pouvoir et le sang : les familles de capitouls de Toulouse au siècle des Lumières (1715-1790)". Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20079.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the first part, this work intends to study the history and the powers of the capitoulat of Toulouse, the privileges it conferes to the holders of the title, and the networks allowing the access to the Capitole ; to detail the geographical and socioprofessional extractions of the members ; and finally to mention the existence of a "capitulary trilogy" consisted of "autochtones" (Capitouls coming from Toulouse and who stayed there after their capitulary magistrature), "assimiles" (Capitouls coming from other areas than Toulouse and who stayed durably there after their capitoulat), and "aventuriers" (foreigners by birth Capitouls who come back definitely in their area of origin after their capitoulat). The second part of the work concerns more specifically the local families with their matrimonial policies and the power of their family connections, the examination of their careers and their will practises. We finish evocating the rural and urban housing of the Capitouls, their cultural and social background, and with a quick description of their mentalities. Among the problematics of social reproduction, culture and the merger of the elites, this works aims at showing that family is the first matrix of the power at the time of the Old Regime
Le, Goff Samuel. "Elites et pouvoir municipal dans les petites villes bretonnes au XVIIIème siècle, 1730-1788". Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20007.
Pełny tekst źródłaWho rules the small brittany towns in the eighteenth century ? How did they were governed ? This is central theme of this study. The politcal power in these towns was a balance between judges aund city councils, these last institution took power over the judges arond the middle of the eighteenth century. In this study, we are going to discover the ruling of these cities councils
Charles, Olivier. "Les nobles dignités, chanoines et chapitres de Bretagne : chanoines et chapitres cathédraux de Bretagne au siècle des Lumières". Rennes 2, 2002. http://books.openedition.org/pur/17414.
Pełny tekst źródła@At the heart of a well-documented secular Breton clergy, the 752 Canons of the nine Breton cathedrals of the Age of the Enlightenment, remain very much in the shadows. For, situated between the bishops and rectors, they led independent careers, as more than half of them occupied only on benefice : that of Canon. For the most part Breton, priests, university graduates and descended from the upper classes, they formed relatively homogenous chapters. Being clerics modelled by the rigours of Tridentine law, they carried out their duties in a serious manner. The Canons, who belonged to the poorer chapters of the kingdom, contributed towards the modernization of the Breton towns of the 18th century. Indeed, even if the revenues incurred by their holdings only guaranteed them a modest income, they gradually adopted the habits of the elite town-dwellers as far as housing, comfort and consumption were concerned. Their intellectual culture in itself bears by no means oblivious to changes taking place in the world in which they lived
Silva, Renán. "Les eclaires de nouvelle-grenade, 1760-1808 : genealogie d'une communaute d'interpretation". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010676.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrom aproximately 1760-1808, that is around half a century, a cultural transformation process known as la ilustracion took place in the new grenade viceroyalty. One of the main consequences of this phenomenon whas the appearance of a group of intellectuals named as los ilustrados whose central features are carefully studied in the different chapters of this research. The most meaningful result of the mentioned transformation process was the emergence, within a relatively homogeneous culture, always dominated by a religious world perspective, of a new social life vision, according to which the rational exploitation of natural ressources, on the basis of science, will parallel the begining of a secularization process in some realms of the society. The new grenade territory was traveled and explored and, in a more general sense, the social and individual life was valued as a world perspective. Beyond salvation, the dominant ideal, of social life during the xvi and xvii, and most of the xviii century, happiness on earth by the way of material enrichment and earth exploitation will be looked for. These new ideals introduced a fundamental transformation in the value orientation of social life uo to that time. Nevertheless, the salvation idea didn't dissappear, embedded into a partial and limited mutation, wich didn't produce either a radical rupture. Therefore, it cant be conceived as a phenomenon which combined continuity and transformation in an original way, giving place to a particular synthesis between tradition and modernity
Abenzoar, Eliane. "La correspondance des membres de l'Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts de Rouen de 1744 à1793". Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL604.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe subject handles the member's correspondence of the Rouen's Society during the age of enlightenment. This correspondence underlines in a first time, the relationship that the elite of Rouen etablished between them and with the scientists and the men of letters of the kingdom, and the regulations of the Rouen's Society in the eightteenth century. In a second time, these letters bring out the place and the function of the Rouen's Society from a geographic point of view and opposite the expectations of the elite of the kingdom beside her. Last, the correspondence highlights the personality of the academician, his main political and intellectual preoccupations, his behaviour opposite the events that have affected the kingdom in the eighteenth century
Pige, Frédéric. "Les seigneuries du Montargois au XVIIIe siècle : vie économique et rapports sociaux : les enseignements de la pratique notariale". Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2046.
Pełny tekst źródłaAn investigation into the 18th century fiefdoms and estates of Montargois reveals their particularly diverse historical situation. Widely ranging rights and obligations are found, due to the varied customs of two separate jurisdictions: Lorris-Montargis and Orleans. These rights are ensured by the presence of two realities: a feudal tradition asserting the influence of the lord, and a financial dimension which makes land an instrument of production and wealth. A separate right to justice holds an important place as well. The variety of lords contributes to the diversity of fiefs and estates, as anyone may become the owner of an estate. Thus, the nobles’ goods market is chiefly driven by laic elites, seeking honours and/or pursuing real-estate investments. In contrast to what other sources have suggested, old nobility is not divested from its land, but it slowly dies out, leaving a vacant space to newly initiated members striving for integration. Lordly dwellings are brought in line with current tastes and fortified castles lose their defensive attributes when they do not altogether give up their place to mansions combining comfort and prestige. The exploitation of fiefs and estates experiences numerous changes too, which must be qualified. The general increase in income results to a large extent from the constant rise in the procurement prices for cereals during the entire 18th century, as technical innovations remain scarce. The diagnostic is different concerning feudal and seigniorial rights. In the second half of the 18th century, dedicated personnel pursue their former rights and dues. Their purpose is to reassert the eminent role of the lords, to insure the conservation of all their rights and to increase the lords’ as well as their tenants’ income. It is a difficult task to present a financial and human balance of these operations. However, it can be observed that these elements contributed to the lords’ tendency to dissociate themselves from village life
Lespagnol, André. "Messieurs de Saint-Malo : une élite négociante au temps de Louis XIV". Rennes 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN20020.
Pełny tekst źródłaCharle, Christophe. "Intellectuels et élites en France : 1880-1900". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010515.
Pełny tekst źródłaCabayé, Olivier. "Histoires de familles : les élites à Albi (vers 1500 - vers 1600)". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010666.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoutelle, Antoine. "Croire, lire et paraître : les pratiques culturelles des élites urbaines à Poitiers au XVIIe siècle". Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131037.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe traditional image of Poitiers in the 17th century is that of a declining town. Unable to integrate into the largest commercial networks of the kingdom, fixed in the old urban model, kept low in the hierarchy of monarchic authority, it presents a contrasting picture with the usually prestigious role of the provincial capital during the Renaissance. The period which begins in the 1620s (a peaceful time after the ultimate death throes of the Ligue) and ends in the early years of the 18th century (after the last generation of urban magistrates who lived through the apogee of the reign of Louis XIV had disappeared) is more a period of change than decline. The social hierarchy is locally dominated by an elite composed of officiers moyens, university masters and clergymen. The members of the Bureau des finances, the presidial courts, the regent doctors and the canons, also form the majority of the municipality council. This group has its coherence in a system of values founded on the notion of dignity. This can be seen in the speeches given at official celebrations, in the very ceremonies of the assemblies, and negatively, in satirical writings. The devotional gestures, the establishment of private libraries, the publication of books and the different forms of social mores are the numerous and varied cultural practices which build the social identity of the elite. There are several changes during the century. By integrating the new rules imposed by the reinforcement of the monarchic authority and the Catholic reconquest of the Council of Trente, the group that dominates the city gives away a certain cohesion within to maintain its social supremacy
Kermoal, Christian. "Les notables paroissiaux du Trégor : permanences et évolutions : (1770-1850)". Rennes 2, 2000. http://books.openedition.org/pur/17761.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe farmers who acted a local function before 1789 in rural Trégor parishes (diocese of Tréguier, Lower-Brittany, France) accede in a body to the first municipal functions and form then the local revolutionary staff. During the Consulat and the Empire, often later, these same persons or their children are destinated for mayors, assistants, town concillors ; Their interest for the politics date from many years to 1789 and explains itself by a wide participation in local life as parochial estates administrators (church, chapels, brotherhoods, very numerous in Trégor) and as common share managers in parochias assemblies. Time of grievances and time of campaign against domains congeables found the farmers trained for thought and action. A peasant way of the Revolution stands up on an original manner. In 1790, the foundation of municipalities brings nothing new about emancipation ; On the contrary, the outside directives from districts and departments, the episode of the canton municipalities decrease the interest of farmer for local life. Appointments by prefectures are accepted more as an honnor than as an obligation. In Trégor, peasants first in class is wide and dont come into view so clearly. The place they stand forward outcomes from cumulatives individuals factors : family, fortune, lands possessions, employer's status, practise of writing, foreign agffairesActing in a local function appears more as a development of notability : first in the lower classes and dissociating themselves by progressives differences, peasants leadders in Trégor play however a role of notable face to outer world. They contribue so to draw what will be the political plan of this country in the 20th century
Grandcoing, Philippe. "Les demeures de la distinction : le phénomène châtelain dans le département de la Haute-Vienne au XIXe siècle". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010593.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work proposes to study the manor phenomenon in the Haute-Vienne departement between 1789 and 1914. The analysis of theoretical and descriptive discourses and the evolution of the corpus of mansions thus designated have shaped a new figure of the manor. This one has become distinct from the former seignorial structure. Towards 1900 this term designates an heterogeneous set of dwellings that are often of recent origin (a manor in two appeared during the period). This resistance to and adaptation on the manor model result from the development of the holiday in the countryside and the status of people getting their income from the land in the bourgeoisie. Old families and upstarts asserted their status as worthies in that way. It is also the fruit of the emotional enhancement of the mansion in the nobility. This appeal for the mansion was at its peak between 1860 and 1880. Afterwards it declined because of the emergence of the villa. But if the mansion remained a very prized type of dweling it is because it is both an element of social distinction for the one who lives in it and an index of social otherness for those living around it. The laying-out of the dwelling and its surrounllings being of the a mediocre quality and social inequalities little marked. However the mansion does not seem here to be the catalyst for social antagonisms. The owners of mansions have really gone through a decline in their political, social and economic influence. Gradually, their residences have become simple special places, the quality of their architecture setting them apart
Tort, Olivier. "L'impossible unité : la droite française sous la Restauration (1814-1830)". Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040180.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work presents a history of the French Right and of its divisions under the Bourbon Restoration. Firstly, this Right has been precisely characterized, by identifying the lexical expressions which are referred to it, and by quantifying it on national, regional and local scales. Then different facets of the man of the Right have been defined, like social positions, vision of commitment, psychology and relationships with the others. The dysfunctions of royalist organisation have also been analyzed on all the levels, until in the media sphere. Lastly, we have listed ideological divisions, which explain mutual dissensions: visions of international relations, appropriate answers for economic modernity, concretization of the moral and religious values were the three selected angles of incidence, to understand in all their extent the internal dissensions of this French Right
Servel, Alain. "La notabilité et les notables en pays d'Apt aux XVI et XVII siècles". Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010669.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research, which aims at depicting and analysing a large of the population of the Apt area (Vaucluse, Provence) we have chosen to label as "notables", is articulated around four parts : in the first one, methodology, sources and framework, we study the documents sources (either manuscript or printed) upon which we have based our research, and the problems of methodology we have encountered when dealing with those documents; we also set the geographical boundariues (the area around the city of Apt such as it appears in the documents) and the chronological boundaries (the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries) and we justify our choice, before spotting and listing the external signs of notability, the ways used so as to achieve and hold on to this notability. In the second part, the notables of the apt area, we lay stress on the vertical fractures which split the different categories of notables (real or would-be nobility, lawyers, health-care professions, bourgeois, merchants, city and village notables). Third, in the religions, we deal with the horizontal fractures and solidarities which appear through our examining the secular clergy, the regular clergy, the valdese heretics, the protestants and the jews who have converted to catholicism. In the fourth part, we intend to study the ways of life and characteristic behaviours of the notables in the apt area so as to point out the homogeneous demeanours of the notables. In additions, we supply the reconstitution of many remarkable lineages
Dutour, Thierry. "Les notables et leur monde : l'organisation de la société à Dijon (vers 1350 - vers 1385)". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040276.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study focuses mainly on the cohesiveness of the Dijon society. The method used is "inter-actionnist", mostly based on a prosopographical analysis of the social elite (502 cases examined). The case of Dijon is a common one, and as such is representative of the average town. The urban society is based both on hierarchy. Marked by an unequal distribution of social esteem, and on family ties. Eight social straca can be distinguished, including five among citizens of standing ("notables") (10% of total taxed citizens) the existing social frontiers are mainly two : one separating citizen of standing. Be they rich or not (burghers, town nobles, citizens known by some honorific qualification), from the others, the secons dividing those with a background from the rootless. The social elite, unified by family ties, social authority, enablement to manage public affairs, forms a cohesive whole. The town's public autonomy is not contradictory with the prince's superior authority. His explanation lies in the strength of the political and social consensus binding the inhabitants and in the good relationships between people of standing and middleclass citizens
Malgras, Philip. "L'union fait la force : la bonne famille en ses réseaux. L'ascension prodigieuse des Cibiel, du colportage à la haute finance (1754-1914). Théorie de l'acteur stratégique appliquée à l'Histoire de la famille". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present thesis aims at determining the origins and forces of the social climbing of the French family Cibiel, between 1754 and 1914, through four generations. Within these 160 years, the family rose from local peddling to international trade and finance. Starting from textile trading in the Southwest of France, the Cibiels gradually built a financial and industrial empire which stretched over all the fields impacted by the Industrial Revolution — transports, mining, metallurgy, urban modernizing —, and accumulated a considerable estate. The analysis of this gradual transformation enables the understanding of the strategies and logics implemented by the various "players" of the family. They forged synergistic common games and individual games to conquer a major economic and socio-political power within elite networks. Their social climbing hinges on an unusual family network, that developed itself through a counters approach, similar to the Rothschilds network. The network analysis and the sociology of organizations methodologies have been used, particularly the "strategic player" theory of Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg, to study the Cibiels’ dynamics. They support the assessment of what makes unity a strength. The emergence of a "key player" at each of the first three generations plays a leading role in the family collective. With the break introduced by an intrafamilial "confrontational strategy" at the last generation came the end of the prodigious "good fortune" of the Cibiel family and of its singular success story
Rome, Catherine. "Bourgeois de Montauban au XVIIème siècle : de l'hégémonie protestante à la proscription". Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20094.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the beginning on the 17th century, montauban is a completely protestant town of about 15,000 inhabitants. The burghers are ruling and controlling power and wealth. Step by step, the royal and catholic power tries to get the upper hand on the town again. Its policy of reconquest is based on discriminatory measures against protestants, on a reduction of the local self-government and the settling of catholics and royal institutions in the city. From taxation registers the author applies herself to a quantitative estimate of burghers. Their living conditions, their clothing habits, the place where they lived are especially studied. Then a more micro-historical approach is given a greater place with a more complete study of three patronymic groups : the bardon, the constans, the vialetes. Mainly from notarized registers and from the register general's office, their family behaviors are observed (children, marriage strategies) and also their patrimony, their education, their culture and their attitude towards death. In a last part, the author interests herself in burghers in the royal or local institutions. Then the revocation of the edict of nantes, the "refuge" and their consequences for the burghers of montauban are analysed. This thesis brings out the diversity of this social group and the common points which draw them together. The importance of the family group and of its links are especially underlined. Besides, we can see how the royal power acted to try to reconquer a protestant town and the difficulties it had to cope with
Beauregard, Alain de. "Parlement de Toulouse : la société parlementaire au Grand Siècle, les expressions profanes de la commande privée (de 1610 à 1680 principalement)". Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20068.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter one half-century for significant university work, concerning the Parliaments of France and because research relating to the personnel of these institutions remains still very few, it seemed convenient to propose a reliable analysis of the cultural and artistic uses of a Particular legal oligarchy, limited to the only concept of order, in a space of dynamic and varied trades of art. It is thus here the parlementary company which is offered to our knowledge in a seventeenth century badly known, because ritually compared to the following which does not cease misleading dangerously. Therefore new, respectful criteria of mentalities passed, will try to determine the objective reality of the recourse to the goods and cultural or assimilated services, in a world between nobility and middle-class, subjected to many legal and social constraints. In spite of an eulogistic reputation which the multitude of the found notarial acts confirms which difficulty, this civil and deprived order remains foreign with any adequacy between real parlementiary fortunes and cultural consumption ; moreover, this order reduced to the chapters of the represnetation in the honourable exercise of the load and town subsistence could only escape a certain legal systematisation confirm the contracts of company, means of guarantee and credit, convenient in the field of the recourse, but misleading on the real identity of the speakers. To also add with the levelling mood of the advisers their discretions, organized and therewere hold obviously a particular company for a specific, limited and complex order, but very far off Maecenas
Burguin, Pascal. "Une ville et ses élites au XIXe siècle : Rennes (1815-1914) : économie, société, identité". Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20048.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe elite of Rennes is analysed from three standpoints - as economic agents, guardians of social order and as a corps in charge of the picture of the urban economy - one of the sources of bourgeois supremacy and a precondition of Rennes'desire to establish an identity for itself - and identifying the elite by using the tools of quantitative social history and to contemporary representation, this criss-cross history of the city and its elite attempts to reconstitute the construction process of an urban identity for Rennes in the 19th century. Rennes, an administrative as well as a landed city, dedicated to the agricultural industry and commodity trading, invariably managed in the 19th century by bourgeois liberals originating from manufacturing and trading forged itself the collective identity of a scholarly and moderate city, able to curb its decline and to re-conquer, through science and arts, its status of a provincial capital but also capable of overcoming its passed and future divisions by gathering around the consensual figurehead of its former mayor, Leperdit. The past, transformed into collective memory, was the principal instrument of this drive towards a strong identity and, in the political arena, the "mémoire bleue" imposed itself as the official memory of the city - a composite memory combining liberalism and Christianity, localism and patriotism, which erased all trace of the "mémoire blanche" upheld by a gradually declining nobility
Hillairet, Aurore. "Les élites culturelles dans les sociétés artistiques et littéraires à La Rochelle au XIXe siècle". La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROF028.
Pełny tekst źródłaBetween 1800 and 1914, three generations follow one another the head of the artistic and literary companies founded with La Rochelle. The first, heritage of the XVIIIe century, is maintained during all the first third of the XIXe century. It's relieved from the 1815's by the rising younger generation which impose its domination until the 1870's. It's assisted from the 1850's by the third generation which controls the artistic and literary culture until the first world war. This last one is not in rupture with its elder: ever if the women have their place now, their recruitment is very similar. These men by their actions in the learned societies animate the cultural life rochelaise by organizing temporary demonstrations: artistic cultural equipments: museums of painting and archeology, library, theatre, or of leisures like the sea bathings. The city changes under their actions by the rise of statues to the famous children of the country, the renaming of the streets or the restoration and the safeguard of the built inheritance. These men take an active share with the development of the artistic and literary fields in the hope to leave a trace in the memory of their fellow-citizens. However all fell into the lapse of memory. The purpose oh our work is to make them leave the shade
Saupin, Guy. "Nantes au XVIIe siècle : vie politique et société urbaine, 1598-1720". Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040131.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith a general assembly of householders, a multiform council of leading citizens and a town council where are staying a mayor and six aldermen, the city of Nantes knows an important municipal life in the seventeenth century. The annual assembly of a few hundred electors with personal vote and the failure of closing plans in 1631 and especially in 1710-1720 give it a great originality. If the open deliberative assemblies disappear towards 1620, the extended councils resist as far as 1720. The officers of the justice court of Nantes and the audit office of Britain have the monopoly of mayor office. From 1598 to 1639, the aldermen mostly come from justice courts, from 1640 to 1668, merchants and men of justice are balanced; from 1669 to 1720, merchants triumph over barristers and attorneys. This evolution is in accordance as well with the change of Nantes trade as the social consequences of the politic problems in the seventeenth century. The reproduction of the ruling class yields to a co-optation trough eligibility rolls. The monarchy respects the self-regulation of the leading citizens. This does not lead to the confiscation of the power by a little minority of old families because the integration of the nouveaux riches and the powerful immigrants is finally very easy. The true dynasties are few, but form a cell fit to give continuity in the municipal administration
Zakaria, Riad. "Les sociabilités élitaires à Lyon au XVIIIe siècle". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2051.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe principal subject of the thesis Les Sociabilités élitaires au XVIIIe siècle deals with interactions between the dominant social groups in Lyon during the Enlightenment century. Lyon has the reputation of being a city “without nobility”, where commercial activity is powerful. However, the aristocracy is present, even if it is in minority, and we can find it obviously in the most luxurious districts of the city of the Rhône. The Lyon’s elite categories of the 18th century are: clergymen, the nobility (according to french sense : épée, robe, cloche), officers (nobles, or belonging to the Third Estate), bourgeois, liberal professions, traders, merchants. Therefore, the main idea of this study is to see the links between these elite groups, how they cross and/or unite each other, and how they share the Lyon territory. This work of research essentially uses the prosopographical method to reach statistic results enabling to produce an historical reflection about the question of the sociabilities of the elites from Lyon in this period. To reach this goal, we focused on the matrimonial strategies (first part), the cultural sociabilities (second part) and residential localizations (third part). Thus, we are interested in the first chapter by demographic behaviour, weddings (with especially the phenomenons of endogamy, exogamy, hypogamy, hypergamy), spiritual kinship and influence of the rank inside the siblings. In the second chapter, we are interested by cultural societies, religious life, masonic lodges, theatre and different urban institutions (imprisonment institutions, military companies, and so on.). Finally, in the third chapter, we are interested by the spatial distribution of these elites, the area of the city beeing divided between the Fourvière side, the North Saint-Nizier side and the South Saint-Nizier side. Thus, each part gives rise to special problems. About the matrimonial problems, we could question : how far these groups are endogamous? When strong endogamy rule, which is too often a priori supposed is transgressed, between which groups alliance connections are developed? About the cultural sociabilities, we try to see which groups are associated to which societies or institutions and we try to see if there is links between them inside these ones. A fortiori, we try to show if some categories are more or less excluded of some of them. To answer these questionings, we have made databases with the lists of the members of the masonic lodges, the hospital boards, the councils of charity societies, literary circles, an so on. At last, about the residential localizations, we could wonder to which extent we could manage to make a correspondence between the accommodations of a group to a segregative will? What are the commensalité forms? What are the characteristics of the social diversity spaces? So, this work has a new perspective, because if Maurice Garden looked into the situation of the lower classes of Lyon in the 18th century, there was a lack in the historiographical research on the elites
Fargeix, Caroline. "Les élites lyonnaises au miroir de leur langage : recherches sur les pratiques et les représentations culturelles des conseillers de Lyon du XVe siècle, d'après les registres de délibérations consulaires". Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/fargeix_c.
Pełny tekst źródłaWisniewska, Dorota. "Femmes et politique en France et en Pologne dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle : étude comparée des « salons littéraires » et correspondances". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASV025.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe salon culture flourished in France in the 18th century and this type of elite sociability also reached the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Historians have focused so far on the cultural activity of women who run salons. However, they received nobles, politicians and diplomats at their dinners and we can observe their interest in public life by reading their correspondence. This is why my project examines social practices in France and in Poland-Lithuania, as well as the presence of the chosen salonnières in the political sphere of these two countries.The first part presents the functioning of salons, accentuating their similarities and specificities. The image of the salon in Poland-Lithuania is based on the diaries of the travellers who visited Warsaw during the reign of Stanislas Auguste Poniatowski (1764-1795) and the accounts of the Polish nobility. These conclusions are compared with the results of more comprehensive research on the salon in France. The second part is inspired by the methodologies of microhistory and case study. I analyse the letters written by Marie de Vichy-Chamrond du Deffand and Maria Radziwiłłowa respectively. I show their biographies, as well as characterise their correspondences and social networks. Then, I discuss their agency in the public sphere, their involvement and their modalities of action. I also consider the political culture of these women. In particular, I observe how much space in their missives is devoted directly to political information and what aspects they were interested in and why. I am also interested in their political awareness, behaviour, opinions, observations and judgements. Lastly, I focus on the issue of women's identity and citizenship, their relationship with the state
Timotei, Jean. "Chorographie urbaine, politique et théologique à Caen au XVIe siècle : l'exemple de Charles de Bourgueville : étude suivie d'une édition commentée des "Recherches et Antiquitez de Normandie", 1588". Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30046.
Pełny tekst źródłaDelbos, Jean-Brieux. "Les électeurs censitaires parisiens des années 1840 et leur devenir : richesse, inégalités, mobilités économique et géographique". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0112.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis economic history dissertation aims to analyse quantitatively the links between wealth and economic and geographic mobility in France from the 1840s to the 1880s through the study of franchised Parisian voters of the 1840s. To do so, an original dataset has been built by matching different sources so as to follow the multiple trajectories of the individuals who belong to this particularly rich and politically important group over time. Short-term individual mobility is observed by matching individuals across electoral lists from the last years of the July Monarchy. Long-term mobility is revealed by exploiting the Parisian tables of successions and absences (TSA). These contain information about the wealth at death of individuals. Both in the short- and long-run, economic and geographic mobility proves to be considerable, raising serious questions about the long-held idea of a close and stable elite group. Parisian franchised voters appear to be an instant class, with a large heterogeneity that was continuously renewed under the effect of powerful economic mechanisms that have been highlighted in a series of econometric regressions. Beyond the franchised electorate, the group of the wealthy individuals who appear in the Parisian TSA shows the massive extent of mobility in the 19th century: only half of these individuals were on the 1845 franchise lists considered at the national level. Taken as a whole, our results lead to renew the debate about the elites and wealth
Reinhart, Claudie. "Les Reinhart, une famille protestante du négoce du coton et du café du Havre, 1852-1962". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040080.
Pełny tekst źródłaNative from the swiss town of Winterthur, in the Zurich canton, the Reinhart went in the middle of the XIXth century to pratice cotton trade in Le Havre. Developong that activity, adding the coffee one, the Reinhart turn the Maison Louis Reinhart in a limited company, la Société d'Importation et de Commission, devoting all time to their work, to make it one of the first commercial firms in the city, adding an active participation in the trade organiations as well in cotton as in coffee. An important place is devoted to one of them, Jean Reinhart, because of his presency as President of labour's Employers, member of the Chamber of Commerce, and too short President of the Le Havre's Harbour. The study of the Reinhart family confirms his belonging to the protestant bourgeoisie, and his implication of some of them in the freemasonry, the Rotary or as consular representation of countries as Rumania or Persia
Tentoni, Justine. "Entre ville, faubourg et campagne : prosopographie des conseillers municipaux (Lyon et communes fusionnées, 1830-1870)". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2130.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thesis proposes to apprehend the compositions of the municipal councils of Lyon and its three suburbs (until their amalgam to the city in 1852) between the beginning of the Monarchy of July and the end of the Second Empire. The period, marked both by important economic and social transformations (industrialization linked notably to the Fabrique, emergence of new economic elites) but also by political upheavals (three regimes and two revolutions) is thus a privileged time to observe, by the prism of a local institution, these evolutions. At each modification of regime, there are electoral transformation at the municipal level. The research follows, thanks to the use of the prosopographic method, the personal, family and public paths of the 575 personalities who sit on the municipal councils of Lyon and / or the suburbs. The sources, varied in nature (civil status, notary sources, municipal sources, press ...), allow to draw a typical portrait of this local elite in the heart of the nineteenth century. The specificity of the work lies in the understanding of this group between three interdependent spaces: the city-center (Lyon), the suburbs (Croix-Rousse, Vaise and Guillotière) - hybrid spaces between maintenance of rural practices and rapid settlement of a working class - and the countryside (around Lyon area), in which many councilors are owners and / or exercise political or public responsibilities. The first part of the thesis is about the upheavals of the period from the Trois Glorieuses to the fall of the Second Empire, especially from an electoral point of view: from a named city council (1830-1831) to a council elected by censitaire suffrage (1831-1848) then by universal suffrage (1848-1852) to finally return to a council appointed under prefectural aegis under the Second Empire (1852-1870). From the beginning, it is a question of drawing a global portrait of the municipal councilors and the conditions under which they are appointed. In the second part, we focus on describing more fully the members of the corpus - majority - who belong to the traditional local elites. The results then show a group whose behavior signifies an important conservatism: itineraries are constructed between city and countryside, and wealth and family strategies reveal a dominant and reproducing local elite, the reticular study being as such significant. This bourgeoisie, where classical elites coexist or even merge with the new elites, remains above all active in very localized spheres of domination, around the municipal council, circles and societies, but rarely exceeds the Lyon or Rhone. Finally, in a third part, the thesis proposes to question the issue of the possible renewals in these spaces and moving temporalities: the questions of a "descent of politics towards the masses", (in the expression of M. Agulhon) or a "municipal revolution" (described by J. George), which would begin in 1831 and flourish in 1848, are here re-examined. By the study of second-class municipal councilors and more popular characters, sitting mainly in the suburbs and / or during the Republican parenthesis, the idea of immobile municipal institutions is nuanced. But in Lyon, faced with the rapid recovery of central powers, we finally conclude the failure of municipal renewal, even if political learning is reactivated quickly after Sedan. Finally, the ten chapters that make up this thesis - supplemented by a large volume of annexes - question the local political staff in a period of multiple transformations, between city, suburb and countryside
Verney-Carron, Nicole. "Le ruban et le métal : recherches sur les élites économiques de la région stéphanoise au XIXe siècle, 1815-1914". Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20054.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the turn of the XIXth century, Saint-Étienne was a small city of 20. 000 inhabitants specialized in iron, ribbon and arm handicrafts. It had no administrative function and was dominated by a patrician clan of merchant-manufacturers whose ambition was to reach the first rank of nobility. In 1789, they benefited from the sale of the national properties to acquire huge lands which will become the heart of the city and will be highly priced or which will allow to perceive taxes on the subsoil thanks to the coal fields. The trade of ribbon had its peak period between 1815 and 1870. It remained organized according to the principle of the "domestic-system" which is a proto-industrial way of production based on cottage work. Thus, there originated a traditional elite with the textile firm-owners and surrounding professions (silk merchants, agents, bankers, lawyers). Professional men were underrepresented and recruited outside the city. Fortunes were invested in the land and many tradesmen lived on their income. With this oligarchie we could observe the parallel birth of a capitalistic upperclass, a pioneer in the big industry. Heavy metallurgy developed as early as 1815 initiated by ironmasters coming from other regions or countries. They were self made men often of simple origins. Saint-Étienne became the first industrial area of France. Big enterprises were branching out on all directions with a complex law system. They were highly concentrated and integrated. At their head they had members of powerful employers' federations and these men offered a great possibility to move and had different references from the local bourgeoisie. Unlike the others, they used to invest their money in personal estates and industrial activity. Old elites and new ones were fully opposed. Both in their mentality of managers and in the way they administrated workers. The former only provided charity, the latter being paternalist and their economical interests differed too, the former being in favor of free-trade policy, the latter of protectionism. For fear of seeing their land depreciated, the local notables confined the steel-works in the surrounding cities and established a real monopoly on the town council and the chamber of commerce. Traditionally conservative, they were strongly attached to catholicism and after 1880, they became wild enemies of Republic, whereas ironmasters, often protestants or freemasons, defended it
Gouffran, Laure-Hélène. "La figure de Bertrand Rocaforti : expériences, identités et stratégies d'ascension sociale en Provence au début du XVe siècle". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3099.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is an original corpus, pragmatic source led, indepth study in to the questions of a merchant's identity and forms of social dominance in Marseilles between 1380 and 1430. This work aims to achieve a better understanding of the urban elite within the context of a influential Western Mediterranean city at the end of the Middle Ages, through the experiences of two contemporary and honomous merchants:the Bertrand Rocafortis. A microhistoric approach allows us to shine a light on the careers of the two Rocafortis in a difficult context, that of the reigns of Louis II and Louis III d'Anjou and therefore analyse the different componants of their social dominance. Both Rocafortis belonged to elite urban circles and numerous socio-economic networks. This study will also focus on the influence of the Franciscans and notably their economic theories and how they impacted the construction of a merchant's identity at the beginning of the XVth century, in particular acts of the urban elite that were performed in the interest of the public good
Vencent, Hélène. "Les élèves officiers de marine à la fin du Premier Empire et leur destin". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040091.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Navy « Écoles spéciales » (in Brest and Toulon) were created by a bill on Septembre 27th 1810 by Napoleon and his minister of Navy, Decrès. The revolutionary era had weakened the Naval officers corps ; therefore, this decision fit into the larger education reforms by Napoleon but calls back as well to the traditional schooling of Naval officers. But those schools were shut down during the Restauration : Only one generation of officers benefited from these schools and one third of those officers remained in the Navy. Studying their career shows that, in spite of the Navy being purged during the Restauration, Napoleon’s ambition to create an elite was kept alive by those alumni who managed to stay in the Navy. The second part tackles the key objectives of the Navy as seen through the eyes and actions of these officers. These men stand out through the energy they deploy in scientific endeavours and studies, but also through their service in the military operations of the time. This study shines a light on men who, thanks to their chosen profession, are a bridge between France and oversea territories, and know how to navigate the changing politics of their time, both domestically and overseas. Thanks to their logs and reports, we can also take a closer look at the men under the uniform, studying in a third part their family life, the health aspects of their profession and the relationship those officers have with civilian authorities and their hierarchy
Baron, Bruno. "Élites, pouvoirs et vie municipale à Brest, 1750-1820". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724666.
Pełny tekst źródłaMalgras, Philip. "L'union fait la force : la bonne famille en ses réseaux. L'ascension prodigieuse des Cibiel, du colportage à la haute finance (1754-1914). Théorie de l'acteur stratégique appliquée à l'Histoire de la famille". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present thesis aims at determining the origins and forces of the social climbing of the French family Cibiel, between 1754 and 1914, through four generations. Within these 160 years, the family rose from local peddling to international trade and finance. Starting from textile trading in the Southwest of France, the Cibiels gradually built a financial and industrial empire which stretched over all the fields impacted by the Industrial Revolution — transports, mining, metallurgy, urban modernizing —, and accumulated a considerable estate. The analysis of this gradual transformation enables the understanding of the strategies and logics implemented by the various "players" of the family. They forged synergistic common games and individual games to conquer a major economic and socio-political power within elite networks. Their social climbing hinges on an unusual family network, that developed itself through a counters approach, similar to the Rothschilds network. The network analysis and the sociology of organizations methodologies have been used, particularly the "strategic player" theory of Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg, to study the Cibiels’ dynamics. They support the assessment of what makes unity a strength. The emergence of a "key player" at each of the first three generations plays a leading role in the family collective. With the break introduced by an intrafamilial "confrontational strategy" at the last generation came the end of the prodigious "good fortune" of the Cibiel family and of its singular success story
Vencent, Hélène. "Les élèves officiers de marine à la fin du Premier Empire et leur destin". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040091.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Navy « Écoles spéciales » (in Brest and Toulon) were created by a bill on Septembre 27th 1810 by Napoleon and his minister of Navy, Decrès. The revolutionary era had weakened the Naval officers corps ; therefore, this decision fit into the larger education reforms by Napoleon but calls back as well to the traditional schooling of Naval officers. But those schools were shut down during the Restauration : Only one generation of officers benefited from these schools and one third of those officers remained in the Navy. Studying their career shows that, in spite of the Navy being purged during the Restauration, Napoleon’s ambition to create an elite was kept alive by those alumni who managed to stay in the Navy. The second part tackles the key objectives of the Navy as seen through the eyes and actions of these officers. These men stand out through the energy they deploy in scientific endeavours and studies, but also through their service in the military operations of the time. This study shines a light on men who, thanks to their chosen profession, are a bridge between France and oversea territories, and know how to navigate the changing politics of their time, both domestically and overseas. Thanks to their logs and reports, we can also take a closer look at the men under the uniform, studying in a third part their family life, the health aspects of their profession and the relationship those officers have with civilian authorities and their hierarchy
Rouveyrol, Jean-Samuel. "Aux environs de Lyon : les villégiatures de 1830 à 1940". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2022.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrom the 1830s to the 1940s, staying in one’s country house residence for half of the year at the gates of Lyon is a continuation, during the modern era, of the already existing seasonal migration for the Lyon elite and a large part of the bourgeoisie of the Rhone city, whether living on their private incomes, their skills or their industrial activities. At first, however, the thesis highlights breaks from the previous era: architectural models become richer and more complex, the domains tend to abandon their productive logic while the spring and summer residential area is confronted with rampant urbanization, resulting in the disappearance of summer homes, their size reduction or adaptations within a chic residential suburb in the making. The study then raises the question of the interest for the bourgeoisie to own a summer home among various rural domains. Close to the city and comfortable, the bourgeois country houses reinvent the aristocratic castle life making it more modern and becoming the rural setting of a sociability that is less formal than in the city. Finally, the thesis examines the impact of the summer home owners in their commune of residence in land and property terms as well as economic, political and religious terms. If the large land ownership of the bourgeoisie leads to dispossession of villagers and a rise in land prices, the issue of the bourgeois parasitism is counterbalanced by the number of jobs created locally and the stimulation of crafts and local trade. The hypothetical bourgeois nuisance also seems to be contradicted by the vote in favour of the bourgeois in some villages, even if they do not win unanimous support everywhere
Mension-Rigau, Éric. "La Naissance et les valeurs : l'éducation et la transmission des valeurs familiales dans l'aristocratie et dans la grande bourgeoisie de la Belle Epoque à nos jours". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0009.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe cultural values of aristocratic and upper-class families are analyzed from the results of a large sample survey. The first chapter brings out the main factors which account for the presence of those asked within their social group. The study is then divided into three parts corresponding to the three axes of family training : memory, class and excellence. The first part stresses the importance, as the background of the aristocratic identity, of references to the family past - evoked through the presence of a symbolic and material heritage, the house and the so-called "family" objects - which links the individuals to a lineage and the family to regional or national history. The second part examines the characteristics of "good breeding" through language practice, good manners and anglomania. The third part shows how the excellence of the lineage, brought to a pattern, motivates a relative discredit of money and a constant fidelity to moral and spiritual values whose self-appointed keeper is the social group. The third volume is composed of miscellania, chiefly a detailed study of the "oeuvre des campagnes", founded in 1857, whose aim was the re-christianisation of rural districts by the local gentry
Alzate, Adriana María. "Saleté et ordre : réformes sanitaires et société dans la vice-royauté espagnole de la Nouvelle-Grenade : 1760-1810". Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010594.
Pełny tekst źródłaSantos, Catarina Madeira. "Um governo "polido" para Angola : reconfigurar dispositivos de dominio (1750-c.1800)". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0127.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis undertakes idea of reconfiguration of the Angola, while admitting that the second half of the XVIIIth century printed to the colony an original configuration, result of the inscription of a government "policé", directly gathered in the ideology of the Enlightenment. The thesis is divided into five parts : part 1 To colonize : ideology and history; Part 2 Forms of appropriation of space, reflects on the manner like one sought to forward of a "state in network" for a "territorialisation of the state". The part 3 (administration : rationalism, legalism and bureaucratization) indicates the procedures of "déféodalisation" state and the incidences of the African states. The part 4 (an education question), allows placing the question of the formation of a creole elite in the middle of the XVIIIth century. The final part arrives on a device of the government, the factory of Nova Oeiras
Galland, Seguela Martine. "Les ingénieurs militaires espagnols de 1710 à 1803 : étude prosopographique et sociale d'un corps d'élite". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this thesis is to recreate the XVIIIth century spanish military engineers'social and professional life, thanks to a prosopographic study. Based on Verboom's proposals, the engineers' corps was created under the new reigning dynasty of the Bourbons. It appears both as the mainspring and as the model of the Army's reformist policy: it is considered as a model because of its scientific and technical skill-based recruitment and as the mainspring of the country's military and economic recovery; The corps' displayed versatility makes it essential, not only for the country's defense policy, but also for the monarchistic centralization and the policy of enlightened despotism. The prosopographic study has allowed a profound view of the engineer in his professional and private environment. Despite a certain consistency in the corps' foreign recruitment, the spanish identity criteria of nobility and training in the military academies, as chosen by the authorities, asserts the will to establish a national scientific elite military corps. The numerous interventions by these men lead them to be the propagators of a neoclassical military and civil architecture. They also spread scientific knowledge and created the notion of national territory. These men become integrated into the society of their time due to arranged marriages and built-up networks of contacts, as well as the impact of their work on society. The social and geographical exogamy are two originalities in the military world. Even though the family continuity still exists, the function's patrimonialization turns out to be weakened compared to other corps. The networks of contatcs are created within the professional, military and scientifics circles. The engineer's standard of living is, more often than not, similar to that of the middle class. The works carried out by this corpsand its social profile, with the regular presence of scientific libraries, mathematical instruments, mpas and plans in estate treasure inventories, lead us to define the military engineer as a skilled and versatile technician, who has a good command of science and emerges as the XVIIIth century monarchistic power's faithful servant
Capdeville, Valérie. "L'âge d'or des clubs londoniens (1730-1784)". Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030150.
Pełny tekst źródłaClubs were a key feature of eighteenth-century London life. Their growth, parallel to the advent of the coffee-house, of the press, and to urban development, mirrored an evolution of sociability. Those spaces for male conviviality, private, exclusive and somehow elitist, entered their golden age from the 1730s onwards. The pleasures of eating, conversation and gambling, enjoyed by their members, diffused new values, definite norms of savoir-vivre and good taste, designed for the English gentleman. The club was both an instrument of integration and exclusion, half way between the private and public spheres. An exclusive male world, in which refinement and excess coexisted, that institution could be considered either as an anteroom of power, promoting free and constructive debate, or as a centre of plots and subversion. As such, the club seems to embody the paradoxes of the English nation and appears, in this respect, as a form of sociability unique in itself
Goncalvès, Dominique. "Le planteur et le roi : étude des relations entre les élites aristocratiques havanaises et la couronne espagnole 1763-1838". Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20093.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn 1763, when Spain was no longer capable of defending La Havana by itself, but anxious to develop the colonial economy, the government negotiated a political and economic reform with the local elites. While these elites have been encouraged to participate and contribute financially to defending the city, they were favoured in return by improved conditions for producing sugar cane. At the same time the Spanish monarchy tried to bind about thirty families by creating a contest for being honoured with nobiliaries titles. So, these planters families were turned into formidable allies of the Crown, in the course of struggle for independence and during the liberal eras. Nonetheless elites' political relevance did oblige the Crown to make compromises. Although continuously weakened by the consequences of their aristocratic enclosure (consanguines marriages and competition by the tradesmen elite) this system was stable enough to resist all fundamental political changes until at least 1838
Cogné, Albane. "Patriciat et propriétés urbaines à Milan (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)". Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29033.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study aims at defining what the urban properties represent for the Milanese patrician elite in an urban, social and economic historical perspective. Are the construction of magnificent palaces only a sign of prestige and status ? Do these properties constitute an economic investment which provide an additional source of income ? Do they contribute, through renting practices for instance, to the creation and consolidation of a social network ? In order to answer such questions, a geographical information system based on the cadastral survey of Milan in 1784 was closely examined, as well as the documentation of family archives and the study of construction certificates, by looking at both statistical analysis and case studies. Light is thrown on the great diversity of the Milanese elite patrimony by a prosopographic study of the three-hundred patrician families. Their social background, their status, the degree to which they participated in the institutions of the city and their wealth, are criterias which help to understand how they conducted themselves in the urban landscape. The patrimonies are also studied in their temporal and spatial dimension (strategies of appropriation, methods of residential implantation). This research finally examines the symbolic and economic dimensions of properties, by considering them in their relationship to public space, to the patrician building activity, and to urban rent