Artykuły w czasopismach: „Eluard”

1

Adamson, Robin, i Clive Scott. "Anthologie Eluard". Modern Language Review 80, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3728727.

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CARDINAL, R. "Review. Anthologie Eluard. Edited by Clive Scott. Eluard". French Studies 39, nr 1 (1.01.1985): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/39.1.108.

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Fongaro, Antoine. "Réminiscences chez Paul Eluard". Littératures 26, nr 1 (1992): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/litts.1992.1591.

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Mladenović, Velimir. "Paul Eluard: Yugoslavian Episode". Literatūra 62, nr 4 (28.12.2020): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/litera.2020.4.3.

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The paper discusses the personal and political relations between the French surrealist poet Paul Éluard and Serbian writers and intellectuals, first of all Marko Ristić, a theorist and one of the founders of the Serbian surrealist movement. We will show the reception of Éluard’s works in the Serbian cultural space, his visit to Yugoslavia, then Éluard’s activities in Paris related to Yugoslav politics. One significant part of the article represents, until now, unpublished archival documents that testify to the friendship between Éluard and Ristić. We will try to explain how this friendship ended after the Cominform Resolution in 1948 and what consequences it had on Serbian and French culture.

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Thompson, Jon. "Paul Eluard Dreams of America". Colorado Review 43, nr 3 (2016): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/col.2016.0106.

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KIZILÇİM, Yavuz. "ELUARD ŞİİRİNDE GEÇMİŞİN YENİDEN YAPILANDIRILMASI". Journal of Social Sciences 8, nr 8 (1.01.2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.16990/sobider.271.

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Créac’h, Martine. "Les couleurs du Devoir (Paul Eluard)". Littérature N°195, nr 3 (2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/litt.195.0005.

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Posèq, Avigdor W. G. "ZADKINE'S WIT: "HOMAGE TO PAUL ELUARD"". Source: Notes in the History of Art 13, nr 1 (październik 1993): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/sou.13.1.23203038.

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BIRDEN, LORENE. "PAUL ELUARD ET LA QUESTION DU MOI". Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association 90, nr 1 (listopad 1998): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/aulla.1998.90.1.005.

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HÜNNECKE, EVELYN. "Paul Celan – Paul Eluard, Entgegnung und Einvernehmen". arcadia - International Journal for Literary Studies 32, nr 1 (styczeń 1997): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arca.1997.32.1.169.

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Hunkeler, Thomas. "Beckett Face Au Surréalisme". Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui 17, nr 1 (1.11.2007): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-017001003.

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This contribution analyses the relationship between Beckett's early writings in the 1930s and surrealist aesthetics. It takes as a starting point Eugene Jolas' literary journal where Beckett published his first texts, and studies its connections, both personal and aesthetical, with surrealism. It then focuses on Beckett's translations of Breton, Eluard and Crevel for the special issue of (September 1932), for Nancy Cunard's anthology (1934) and for an anthology of Eluard's poetry, (1936), shedding new light on the importance of Eluard's poetry for the development of Beckett' s own poetics between 1932 and 1938.

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12

Chawki, Samia. "Le Temps Cyclique dans l'espace Poetique de Paul Eluard". مجلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانیة 51, nr 1 (1.01.2004): 35–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/fjhj.2004.129810.

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Ivlieva, Yuliia. "The Concept of the Pictography as a Background for «Free Hands» Written by Paul Eluard and Man Ray". Fìlologìčnì traktati 12, nr 2 (2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/ftrk.2020.12(2)-3.

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This article is part of a deeper study of the phenomenon of "picto-poetry" on the example of Paul Eluard and Man Ray's collection "Free Hands". The article proves the intermediality hypothesis of a collection based on the history of its creation, where the two types of arts not only complement each other, but merge into one, creating new forms and genres of French poetry. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature and imagery of the interaction of visual and verbal codes of artistic reality in the collection "Free Hands", as well as to identify the basic features of the composition " in four hands" on the example of the frontispiece of the collection. Research methods: descriptive, structural and semantic analysis methods that allow the identification of relationships between different sign systems (visual, plastic, etc.). The main feature of Paul Eluard and Man Ray's picto-poetic collection "Free Hands", in the preface to which P. Eluard outlined the principles of a single picto-poetic reproduction of the world, is the special principle of organizing the artistic space, when graphic realities also become "literary text", and the poetic text and its graphic "second voice" cannot be interpreted separately. The multi-layered and heterogeneous internal connections in the texts and graphics of authors serve as a form of reproduction of the underlying processes that take place in the human psyche, and the texts of Eluard create visual metaphors that resemble dreams.

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14

Davies, Margaret. "'La Grande Force Est Le Désir': The Poetry of Eluard". Romance Studies 4, nr 1 (czerwiec 1986): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ros.1986.4.2.107.

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Davies, Margaret. "'La Grande Force Est Le Désir': The Poetry of Eluard". Romance Studies 4, nr 1 (grudzień 1985): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026399086786621593.

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Posse, Bernard-Olivier. "Éluard en résidu surréaliste dans l’ œuvre de Samuel Beckett". Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd’hui 31, nr 1 (11.04.2019): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-03101008.

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Résumé Cet article analyse les relations de Samuel Beckett avec l’ un des poètes phares du surréalisme français : Paul Eluard. Malgré de nombreux rapprochements entre l’ auteur irlandais et le mouvement d’ avant-garde dans la critique beckettienne, l’ appréhension systématique de cette position n’ a jamais été entreprise. Cet article se donne donc pour objectif de tracer un rapide regard sur l’ échange et le dialogue esthétique entretenu par Beckett avec Paul Eluard. Seront mises en avant les traductions du poète français effectuées par Beckett pour la revue This Quarter, ainsi que leurs relations avec certains des textes critiques écrits par Beckett durant les années trente au sein desquels le poète français apparaît, soit en filigrane, soit textuellement.

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17

DAVIES MITCHELL, M. "Review. 'Capitale de la douleur' de Paul Eluard. Gateau, Jean-Charles". French Studies 50, nr 2 (1.04.1996): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/50.2.226.

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WORTON, M. J. "Review. Ralentir travaux. Breton, Andre, Rene Char, and Paul Eluard (eds)". French Studies 45, nr 2 (1.04.1991): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/45.2.227-a.

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BRAZILLER, GEORGE. "MIRÓ: A TOUTE EPREUVE ILLUSTRATIONS BY JOAN MIRÓ. POEMS BY PAUL ELUARD". Art Book 1, nr 1 (styczeń 1994): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8357.1994.tb00071.x.

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이병수. "A Comparative Analysis of the Calligrams of Apollinaire,Paul Eluard, and Lee Sang". Cross-Cultural Studies 45, nr ll (grudzień 2016): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21049/ccs.2016.45..33.

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Benoit, Jean-Louis. "La sacralisation de la femme chez Paul Eluard, à partir du recueil Facile". Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 110, nr 2 (2010): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhlf.102.0381.

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22

Cho, Yunkyung. "L’esthétique surréaliste des masques primitifs - à partir des proses poétiques de Paul Eluard". Societe d'Etudes Franco-Coreennes 85 (18.07.2018): 171–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18812/refc.2018.85.171.

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23

박기현. "Paul Eluard et René Magritte: Etude sur l'interartialité entre la poésie et la peinture". Etudes de la Culture Francaise et de Arts en France 25, nr ll (sierpień 2008): 189–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21651/cfaf.2008.25..189.

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ROTHWELL, A. J. "Review. Manuscrits surrealistes: Aragon, Breton, Eluard, Leiris, Soupault. Didier, Beatrice and Jacques Neefs (eds)". French Studies 51, nr 4 (1.10.1997): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/51.4.506.

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25

Alzuela García, Silvia. "Ramírez, Juan Antonio: Edificios-cuerpo. Cuerpo humano y arquitectura: analogías, metáforas, derivaciones". Boletín de Arte, nr 25 (2.04.2018): 859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/bolarte.2004.v0i25.4648.

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La editorial Siruela ha lanzado una nueva colección de libros titulada "La Biblioteca Azul serie mínima", cuyo director es Juan Antonio Ramlrez, autor del libro de referencia. Actualmente se hallan editadas dos obras de esta colección: la primera es BRETON, A., y ELUARD, P., Diccionario abreviado del surrealismo (La Biblioteca Azul serie mínima, Siruela, 2003) y la segunda es el título de Juan Antonio Ramírez que nos ocupa.

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26

CARDINAL, R. "Review. 'Capitale de la douleur.' Edited with an introduction and notes by Vera J. Daniel. Eluard, Paul". French Studies 41, nr 3 (1.07.1987): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/41.3.364.

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Chardin, Philippe. "« N'est pas fou qui veut » ? La simulation des délires mentaux par André Breton et Paul Eluard dans « Les Possessions »". Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France 111, nr 3 (2011): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhlf.113.0653.

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28

Ivlieva, Yu O. "THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PERCEPTION OF DOUBLE CODE IN THE COLLECTION OF PAUL ELUARD AND MAN RAY «LES MAINS LIBRES» («FREE HANDS»)". Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Philology. Social Communications 4, nr 1 (2020): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6069/2020.1-4/10.

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Spiridopoulou, Marie. "La nouvelle identité de la métaphore dans l'univers poétique de Breton et Eluard: le dépassement des théories sémantiques et la mise en relief de l'approche syntaxique". Σύγκριση 15 (31.01.2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/comparison.10109.

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Μία από τις πιο σημαντικές μοντέρνες σημασιολογικές θεωρίες περί μεταφοράς ταυτίζει τη μεταφορά με την παρομοίωση. Η εν λόγω αντίληψη βασίζεται εν γένει στο κριτήριο της ομοιότητας και της αντικειμενικής αναλογίας μεταξύ κυριολεκτικού και μεταφορικού και υπακούει στις επιταγές της αποκωδικοποίησης του μεταφορικού νοήματος μ' ένα κυριολεκτικό ισοδύναμο του. Σκοπός του άρθρου είναι να καταδείξει το μη λειτουργικό χαρακτήρα της στις τολμηρές μεταφορές του σουρεαλισμού, τις δομικές διαφορές μεταξύ μεταφοράς και παρομοίωσης και την ανάγκη μιας διαφορετικής προσέγγισης της σουρεαλιστικής μεταφοράς, η οποία θα λαμβάνει υπόψη τη ρηματική έκφραση και τη γλωσσική δομή της, θεωρώντας την πρώτα απ' όλα ως γλωσσικό φαινόμενο. Στη συνέχεια με βάση το corpus των ποιητικών μεταφορών του Μπρετόν και του Ελουάρ, το οποίο απαρτίζεται από τις συλλογές της περιόδου 1924-1934, αναλύεται ο ονοματικός τύπος της γενικής και παρουσιάζονται τα χαρακτηριστικά και τα είδη της. Διαπιστώνεται ο ενιαίος χαρακτήρας του περιεχομένου και των τριών ειδών του τύπου της γενικής, ο οποίος βασίζεται στη σχέση της «ταυτοποίησης» ανάμεσα στους δύο όρους/ουσιαστικά. Η εν λόγω ισοδυναμία και ταύτιση των δύο ονοματικών όρων καταργεί τις έννοιες του μεταφορικού και κυριολεκτικού, του ανόμοιου και του οικείου μέσα από μία συνεχή μετάλλαξη της ταυτότητας τους. Συνεπώς, η σουρεαλιστική ονοματική μεταφορά με γενική δε λειτουργεί ούτε ως συντμημένη παρομοίωση ούτε ως παράβαση κάποιας νόρμας (écart/norme). Πρόκειται μάλλον για μία αντι-μεταφορά, όπου το μόνο trasferì που λαμβάνει χώρα είναι από το υλικό του υποσυνείδητου στη ρηματοποιημένη μορφή του.

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Guérin, Olivia. "Poétique du recueil dans la Vie immédiate de Paul Éluard". Études littéraires 30, nr 2 (12.04.2005): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/501201ar.

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Paul Eluard a accordé une attention spéciale à la construction de ses recueils poétiques et a élaboré une pratique originale dans ce domaine. Il n'a cessé de monter et de démonter des recueils, de conférer aux textes des positions et des sens différents. Un recueil poétique n'est pas un objet arbitraire ; il répond à une volonté de construction, de définition de la part de l'auteur. On peut donc dire que le recueil poétique est une œuvre à part entière. Or, c'est un type d'œuvre bien particulier, au sein duquel prend pleinement place l'hétérogénéité, la dispersion. L'exemple de la Vie immédiate est caractéristique à cet égard, parce qu'il répond simultanément à une recherche de cohésion, à la fois globale et ponctuelle (de texte à texte), et à un principe de pulvérisation, de dispersion. D'autre part, il s'agit de montrer que les textes ne prennent sens qu'en contexte. Or, la Vie immédiate est constituée en grande partie de textes qui ont déjà été publiés précédemment, et les textes de cette œuvre seront abondamment republiés par la suite. Il est donc intéressant d'étudier cette œuvre dans une perspective diachronique, en analysant les différents états du texte et le destin de l'œuvre comme ensemble.

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31

Miles, Malcolm. "Herbert Marcuse and the Promesse Du Bonheur". Cultural Politics 13, nr 1 (1.03.2017): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-3755168.

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In an essay on French literature in the period of Nazi occupation, Herbert Marcuse argues that a literature of intimacy—love poems and romantic novels—is the last resort of freedom in totalitarian conditions. Written in 1945 and revised in the 1970s, Marcuse’s essay argues that in the face of totalitarianism, a literature of intimacy opens a realm of human experience that is outside the control of the regime. Because it carries a memory of joy, it is radically other to the ethos of the regime. Later, in The Aesthetic Dimension (1978), Marcuse returns to the role of aesthetics when political change is unlikely to occur. The article revisits Marcuse’s 1945 essay and his reading of the poetry of Charles Baudelaire and Paul Eluard. It begins by relating Marcuse’s interest in love poetry to the work of other critical theorists who see a radical role for aesthetics and the pursuit of happiness in periods when political change is blocked. It examines the 1945 essay, puts it in context of Marcuse’s work for the US intelligence services in the 1940s, and looks at the similarities between the 1945 essay and Marcuse’s later writing. Finally, it asks whether Marcuse’s arguments matter today (as the dreams for which the New Left of the 1960s went in search appear as remote as ever).

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Hofmann, J., F. Hölzel, R. Hackenberg i K. D. Schulz. "Characterization of epidermal growth factor-related proteins from human urinary chorionic gonadotrophin". Journal of Endocrinology 123, nr 2 (listopad 1989): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1230333.

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ABSTRACT A urinary chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) preparation, mitogenic for ovarian carcinoma cells, was analysed by gel filtration through Sephadex G-100 Superfine. The resulting fractions were tested for hCG and for properties of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) by radioimmunoassays (RIA) in comparison with their ability to stimulate the growth of EFO27nu ovarian carcinoma cells. The elution profile of the RIA activities for hCG corresponded to molecular weights of 12 and 71 kDa, whereas the mitogenic activity was found in peak fractions eluting at 7, 11 and 52 kDa, indicating the presence of mitogenic substances distinct from hCG or its β-subunit. In comparison experiments, radiolabelled recombinant human EGF eluted at 7 kDa from the column. The profile of EGF immunoreactivity determined in the eluant fractions of hCG preparation A correlated with the mitogenic potential. Eluant fractions with growth-promoting activity competed with 125I-labelled EGF in binding to EFO-27nu cells; the inhibition of EGF binding was correlated with the mitogenic potential and the EGF immunoreactivity. We assume that the 7 kDa component of the gel filtration eluate corresponds to monomeric EGF; the high molecular weight mitogens may represent EGF precursor protein fragments of various molecular size classes. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 333–340

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Kryczka, T., P. Grieb, M. Bero, J. Kasperczyk i P. Dobrzynski. "Kinetics of a nucleoside release from lactide-caprolactone and lactide-glycolide polymers in vitro." Acta Biochimica Polonica 47, nr 1 (31.03.2000): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2000_4062.

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We assessed the rate of release of a model nucleoside (adenosine, 5%, w/w) from nine different lactide-glycolide or lactide-caprolactone polymers. The polymer discs were eluted every second day with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid at the elution rate roughly approximating the brain extracellular fluid formation rate. Adenosine in eluate samples was assayed by HPLC. Three polymers exhibited a relatively constant release of adenosine for over four weeks, resulting in micromolar concentrations of nucleoside in the eluate. This points to the necessity of further development of polymers of this types as intracerebral nucleoside delivery systems for local treatment of brain tumors.

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Cai, Yu, Tao Du, Sheng Li Zhao i Jiu Ba Wen. "Regeneration of IMAC-Cu Proteinchip by Borate Eluent". Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (październik 2010): 1058–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1058.

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Influence of borate eluent pH value and competition eluant on regeneration of the used IMAC-Cu proteinchip is investigated by SEM and SELDI-TOF-MS proteinchip detection system. The results show that proteins are easier to be removed from the used proteinchip surface with the decreasing of borate eluent pH value, but its destruction to the chemical structure of the proteinchip also grows in intensity. The elution effect of protein on IMAC-Cu proteinchip can be significantly enhanced when the competition eluant Gly or EDTA is added to borate eluate. However, comparing with Gly, EDTA as competition eluant has generation effect. The absorption protein quantity and type of the regenerated IMAC-Cu proteinchip by the pH 8 borate eluent added 0.02mol/L EDTA for 72h is very similar to the fresh chip after absorbing same serum of cancer patients.

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TONOGAI, YASUHIDE, YOSHIO ITO, SHUNJIRO OGAWA i MASAHIRO IWAIDA. "Determination of Dibromochloropropane and Related Fumigants in Citrus Fruit". Journal of Food Protection 49, nr 11 (1.11.1986): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.11.909.

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A simple and systematic procedure for determination of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), 1,3-dichloropropene (DCP), chlorobutol (TCB) and seven related compounds in citrus fruits was established. Since these compounds have extremely high volatility, the distillation apparatus for volatile oil determination was used. These compounds were trapped into cyclohexane (more than 94.2–98.4% at spiking levels of 0.5–50 ppm) by this distillation. The distillate was purified by Florisil column chromatography. All compounds except TCB were eluted with n-hexane:ether(93:7) and TCB was eluted with ether. Each eluate was injected into an ECD-gas chromatograph directly for determination. Their recoveries from lemon, orange and grapefruit were within 91.5–98.6% at the spiking levels of 0.01–1 ppm.

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Schwab, K. J., R. De Leon i M. D. Sobsey. "Development of PCR Methods for Enteric Virus Detection in Water". Water Science and Technology 27, nr 3-4 (1.02.1993): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0348.

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This study developed a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection system for enteric viruses in sample concentrates obtained by conventional filter adsorption-elution methods. One liter beef extract (BE)-glycine (G) eluant seeded with poliovirus 1 and hepatitis A virus (HAV) was used as a model system and the eluant further processed for RT-PCR compatibility. Sample concentration and purification procedures consisted of polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, Pro-Cipitate (Affinity Technology, New Brunswick, NJ) precipitation, a second PEG precipitation, spin-column chromatography, and ultrafiltration. Sample volumes are reduced from 1 L to 20-40 µL and purified sufficiently for viral detection by RT-PCR. As little as 3 PFU of poliovirus 1 in an initial 1 L eluate were detected by RT-PCR.

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Krikmann, Arvo. "Vanasõnad loomade identiteedist (Tüpoloogilisi memuaare)". Mäetagused 12 (1999): 52–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/mt1999.12.elukad.

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Trucksess, Mary W., John Giler, Kathryn Young, Kevin D. White i Samuel W. Page. "Determination and Survey of Ochratoxin A in Wheat, Barley, and Coffee—1997". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, nr 1 (1.01.1999): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.1.85.

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Abstract Ochratoxin A (OA) is a nephrotoxic and nephrocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It has been found mainly in cereal grains and coffee beans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of OA in cereal grains and in coffee imported to the United States. A modified liquid chromatographic (LC) method for determining OA in green coffee was applied to wheat, barley, green coffee, and roasted coffee. The test sample was extracted with methanol–1% NaHCO3 (7 + 3), and the extract was filtered. The filtrate was diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), filtered, and passed through an immunoaffinity column. After the column was washed with PBS and then with water, OA was eluted with methanol. The eluate was evaporated to dryness, and the residue was dissolved in acetonitrile–water (1 +1). OA was separated on a reversed-phase C18 LC column with acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (55 + 45 + 1) as eluant and quantitated with a fluorescence detector. Recoveries of OA from the 4 commodities spiked over the range 1–4 ng/g were 71–96%. The limit of detection was about 0.03 ng/g. OA contamination at >0.03 ng/g was found in 56 of 383 wheat samples, 11 of 103 barley samples, 9 of 19 green coffee samples, and 9 of 13 roasted coffee samples. None of the coffee samples contained OA at >5 ng/g; only 4 samples of wheat and 1 sample of barley were contaminated above this level.

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Rogers, Mary-Louise, David A. Belford, Geoffrey L. Francis i F. John Ballard. "Identification of fibroblast growth factors in bovine cheese whey". Journal of Dairy Research 62, nr 3 (sierpień 1995): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900031198.

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SummaryAcidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (FGF) were identified in bovine cheese whey after partial purification using a two step procedure. Cation-exchange chromatography produced a mitogen-rich extract which was loaded on to a heparin-sepharose column and eluted stepwise with 0·8, 1·2 and 2·0 M-NH4HC03. Mitogenic activity was found in all three fractions by cell growth assays using Balb/c-3T3 fibroblasts. Immunoblotting identified acidic FGF in the 1·2 M-eluate and basic FGF in the 2·0 M-eluate, but neither acidic nor basic FGF was detected in the 0·8 M-fraction. Quantitative radioreceptor assays indicated 5·8 ng of acidic FGF-like activity and 19·8 ng of basic FGF-like activity per 1 whey in the appropriate eluates. This study represents the first direct demonstration of FGF in milk.

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40

Fleeker, James R., i Leslie J. Lovett. "Enzyme Immunoassay for Screening Sulfamethazine Residues in Swine Blood". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, nr 2 (1.03.1985): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.2.172.

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Abstract An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed to screen for residues of sulfamethazine (SMT) and its metabolites in swine blood. Swine blood vas treated with perchloric acid and centrifuged. The supernatant solution was neutralized with K2HP04, centrifuged, and applied to a reverse phase Cg cartridge. The analytes were eluted with methanol- water (2 + 3), and the eluate was diluted and assayed. Average recoveries, using 14C-labeled compounds, were 73, 72, 61, and 62% for SMT, W4-glucosyISMT, iV4-acetylSMT, and W4-desaminoSMT, respectively. Tubes coated with antibody were incubated with the eluate and an SMT-P-galactosidase conjugate. Bound enzyme was detected with fluorogenic substrate. When blood was fortified with 0.1 ppm SMT or a molar equivalent of metabolite, the average relative response of the EIA was 100%, control blood; 61%, SMT; 66%, glucosylSMT; 60%, acetylSMT; and 77% desaminoSMT.

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41

Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Alvaro Pascual, María del Carmen Conejo, Leandro Picabea i Evelio J. Perea. "Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Imipenem Induced by Eluates from Siliconized Latex Urinary Catheters Is Related to Outer Membrane Protein Alterations". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, nr 2 (1.02.1999): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.2.397.

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The activity of imipenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosaHUS-3 decreased by 16 times in the presence of substances eluted from siliconized latex urinary catheters (SLUCs). SLUCs did not inactivate imipenem or increase β-lactamase activity. The outer membrane of P. aeruginosa HUS-3 grown in the presence of eluate lacked an OprD-like protein and expressed a new 50-kDa protein. The decreased activity of imipenem against P. aeruginosa in the presence of SLUCs is related to the loss of an OprD-like protein and the expression of a new outer membrane protein.

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42

Reising, Kyle P., i Nrffer Migdal Di Benedetto. "Solid-Phase Extraction Cleanup for Ivermectin in Liver Tissue". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 81, nr 2 (1.03.1998): 484–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/81.2.484.

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abstract Extraction of liver tissue with organic solvent produces coextractants with compounds of interest. The solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup of liver tissue developed for ivermectin removes nonpolar coextractants. Liver extract that has been reduced to dryness is reconstituted in 0.5 mL acetonitrile. The mixture is passed through 0.1 g C18 SPE column, and the eluate is collected. The column is eluted further with 2 mL acetonitrile. Combined eluates are derivatized with 1-methylimidazole and trifluoroacetic anhydride, and the ivermectin derivative is determined by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

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43

Ahmad, Nazir, i Robert Slobodan Marolt. "One-Step Extraction and Cleanup Procedure for Determination of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDE in Fish". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, nr 4 (1.07.1986): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.4.581.

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Abstract A simplified method that combines extraction, partitioning, and cleanup in a single step for measuring p,p'-DDT and its metabolites in fish is described. Minced fish samples are emulsified with disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and trisodium citrate, ground with sodium sulfate, and eluted from a chromatographic column prepacked with alumina and silicic acid. The fats and fatty acids are solubilized and easily extracted from the tissues and retained by the column, while p,p'-DDT and its metabolites are quantitatively eluted with 40 mL n-hexane. The eluate is directly applied to a gas chromatographic column. Average recoveries of p,p'-DDT and its metabolites added to fish in vitro are 81%. The average coefficient of variation for recoveries of p,p'-DDT and its metabolites is less than 6.5% and the detection limit is 0.001 Hg/g for p,p'-DDE, thus making this method very suitable for residue analysis.

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44

Figueiredo, Fabiano B., Maria F. Madeira, Lílian D. Nascimento, Tuanne R. Abrantes, Eliame Mouta-confort, Sonia Regina L. Passos i Tânia Maria P. Schubach. "Canine visceral leishmaniasis: study of methods for the detection of IgG in serum and eluate samples". Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 52, nr 4 (sierpień 2010): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652010000400005.

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The Brazilian Ministry of Health recommends the culling and euthanasia of dogs with a positive serological test for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). In the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, the technique used for the diagnosis of CVL is the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), using blood samples eluted on filter paper (eluate). A dog survey was conducted over a period of one year in the region of Carapiá, in order to evaluate the diagnosis of CVL in this region. All animals underwent clinical examination, and blood samples (serum and eluate) were collected for analysis by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and IFAT. A skin biopsy was obtained for parasitological examination (culture). A total of 305 animals were studied and Leishmania chagasi was isolated from nine animals. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.6% for ELISA, respectively, 100% and 65.5% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:40 dilution), 100% and 83.4% for IFAT (cut-off at a 1:80 dilution), and 22.2% and 97.0% for eluate IFAT. In conclusion, ELISA was the best tool for the diagnosis of CVL among the serological techniques tested. The present results suggest the need for a better evaluation of filter paper IFAT as the only diagnostic method for CVL in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

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45

TA. "Eluned Woodford-Williams". Psychiatric Bulletin 9, nr 4 (1.04.1985): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.9.4.87-a.

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Shimohara, Etsuko, Minoru Nashida i Mitsumi Kaneko. "Studies of Procedures for Recovery of Viruses from Activated Sludge". Water Science and Technology 18, nr 10 (1.10.1986): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0123.

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Several elution media were examined to evaluate their suitability for recovering seeded poliovirus 1 from return activated sludge. Although there were no distinct differences of virus recovery efficiency among the media tested, 3% beef extract solution at pH 9 seemed to be the most practical eluent for the recovery of the viruses adsorbed from the sludge with an average recovery efficiency of 21%, with a range of 6.1 to 34%. The organic flocculation procedure using beef extract was applied to concentrate the eluted viruses. Its effect depended on the type of eluate, and viruses were not always concentrated well.

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47

Beauchamp, Keith W., Dave D. W. Liu i Edward J. Kikta. "Determination of Carbofuran and Its Metabolites in Rice Paddy Water by Using Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 72, nr 5 (1.09.1989): 845–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/72.5.845.

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Abstract A procedure for the determination of carbofuran and its metabolites (carbamate and phenolic) in rice paddy water is described. Water samples are concentrated on a C-18 solid phase extraction (SPE) column and eluted with methanol-water. The eluate is analyzed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography (LC) and measured by a wavelength programmable ultraviolet (UV) detector. The limit of detection for the method is 0.4 μg/L. Recovery studies were carried out at levels ranging from 1 to 15 μg/L in both rice paddy water and distilled water; recoveries ranged from 85.9 to 112.9%.

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48

HSU, F. C., Y. S. CAROL SHIEH i M. D. SOBSEY. "Enteric Bacteriophages as Potential Fecal Indicators in Ground Beef and Poultry Meat". Journal of Food Protection 65, nr 1 (1.01.2002): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.1.93.

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Recovery efficiencies of enteric bacteriophages (F+ RNA coliphages, somatic coliphages, and Salmonella phages) as alternative fecal indicators were determined from ground beef and chicken breast meat using amino acid eluants (glycine and threonine) and a complex eluant (3% beef extract). Levels of F+ RNA coliphages (MS2, GA, Qβ, FI, and SP), the somatic coliphage ΦX174, and three environmental isolates of Salmonella phages (isolated from raw sewage) were assayed using three respective hosts: Escherichia coli Famp, E. coli C, and Salmonella Typhimurium. When 8% polyethylene glycol and 0.1 M NaCl were used to precipitate bacteriophages eluted with five different eluants, the highest recoveries of the three phage groups were with 0.5 M threonine and 0.25 M glycine-threonine. The average recoveries of F+ RNA coliphages, somatic coliphages, and the Salmonella phages from ground beef and chicken meat were 100, 69, and 65%, respectively, with threonine (0.5 M, pH 9.0) as the eluate. Of eight market food samples tested, F+ RNA coliphages were detected in five (63%) and somatic coliphages were detected in seven (88%). The overall detection sensitivity of the method was 3 PFU/100 g of ground beef or chicken meat. Levels of bacteriophages and bacterial indicators on chicken carcass surfaces were determined at identified critical control points at a poultry plant. Through the processing steps of evisceration, washing, and chilling, the levels of F+ RNA coliphages and fecal coliforms were reduced by 1.6 and 1.9 log10 PFU or CFU/100 g, respectively. F+ RNA coliphages and perhaps other enteric bacteriophages may be effective candidate indicators for monitoring the microbiological quality of meat, poultry, and perhaps other foods during processing. The bacteriophage concentration method developed provides a simple, rapid, and practical tool for the evaluation of fecal contamination levels in ground beef and processed chicken meat.

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49

Ono, Tomotada, i Toshio Takagi. "Molecular weights of subunit components of bovine casein micelles". Journal of Dairy Research 53, nr 4 (listopad 1986): 547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900033070.

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SummaryUsing either Sephacryl S-300 or TSK-G4000SW gel chromatography, the larger of the two major components of bovine casein micelles (F2) was eluted at the same retention time irrespective of sample concentration and column temperature. Its mol. wt was estimated to be 500K by examination of the eluate from a TSK-gel G4000SW column using a low-angle laser light-scattering photometer and a precision differential refractometer. With the second component (F3), retention time in Sephacryl gel chromatography was significantly affected by both sample concentra-tion and volume applied. Limiting retention times for F3 could be obtained by extrapolation of these two parameters to higher and lower values, and corresponded to those of water-soluble protein with mol. wt 200K and 100K respectively. Approach to sedimentation equilibrium technique at the above limiting sample concentrations gave values of F3 consistent with the above molecular weight. Sephacryl gel chromatography at either low sample concentration or low column temperature resulted in a new component being eluted at a position of mol. wt 25K

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50

Yakushi, Toshiharu, Masaru Kojima i Michio Homma. "Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus sodium-driven flagellar motor complex composed of PomA and PomB solubilized by sucrose monocaprate". Microbiology 150, nr 4 (1.04.2004): 911–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26577-0.

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The polar flagella of Vibrio alginolyticus have sodium-driven motors, and four membrane proteins, PomA, PomB, MotX and MotY, are essential for torque generation of the motor. PomA and PomB are believed to form a sodium-conducting channel. This paper reports the purification of the motor complex by using sucrose monocaprate, a non-ionic detergent, to solubilize the complex. Plasmid pKJ301, which encodes intact PomA, and PomB tagged with a C-terminal hexahistidine that does not interfere with PomB function, was constructed. The membrane fraction of cells transformed with pKJ301 was solubilized with sucrose monocaprate, and the solubilized materials were applied to a Ni-NTA column. The imidazole eluate contained both PomA and PomB, which were further purified by anion-exchange chromatography. Gel-filtration chromatography was used to investigate the apparent molecular size of the complex; the PomA/PomB complex was eluted as approx. 900 kDa and PomB alone was eluted as approx. 260 kDa. These findings suggest that the motor complex may have a larger structure than previously assumed.

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