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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Energy decentralization”

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Data publikacji: 2 grudnia 2022

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1

Pan, Junbai, Kun Lv, Shurong Yu i Dian Fu. "What Mechanisms Do Financial Marketization and China’s Fiscal Decentralization Have on Regional Energy Intensity? Evidence Based on Spatial Spillover and Panel Threshold Effects Perspectives". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 9 (9.05.2022): 5759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095759.

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Energy efficiency and energy intensity are gradually gaining attention, and it is now an important proposition to reconcile financial marketization, fiscal decentralization, and regional energy intensity. Using Chinese mainland provincial panel data (except Tibet) from 2007 to 2019, this study applied the dynamic panel system generalized method of moments model, the spatial Durbin model, and the panel threshold model to investigate the mechanisms of financial marketization and fiscal decentralization on regional energy intensity. The study found that financial marketization can play a significant role in suppressing regional energy intensity, while fiscal decentralization promotes energy intensity. Meanwhile, financial marketization in one province can have a negative spatial transmission effect on energy intensity in other provinces, while fiscal decentralization in one province has a negative spatial spillover effect on energy intensity in other provinces. Based on the analysis of the moderating and threshold effects, financial marketization not only moderates the negative externality of fiscal decentralization, making it inhibit energy intensity in the opposite direction, but also gradually increases the moderating effect on fiscal decentralization as the degree of financial marketization increases, showing a nonlinear inhibiting effect on regional energy intensity.
2

Bi, Mingxiong, Chencheng Wang, Dian Fu, Xun Tan, Shurong Yu, Junbai Pan i Kun Lv. "Chinese-Style Fiscal Decentralization, Ecological Attention of Government, and Regional Energy Intensity". Energies 15, nr 22 (10.11.2022): 8408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228408.

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The impact of Chinese-style fiscal decentralization on regional energy intensity has long been disputed by the supporters of “federal environmentalism” and those who hold “race to the bottom” views. At the same time, with the transformation of China’s development mode, the Chinese government is paying increasing attention to the protection of ecological civilization and the realization of sustainable development, and the government’s attention to the ecological environment is becoming an important factor affecting regional energy intensity. Therefore, this paper takes the fiscal decentralization and ecological attention of local governments in China as the research object and analyzes their impact mechanism on regional energy intensity. Firstly, the entropy weight method was used to measure the comprehensive score of fiscal decentralization of Chinese local governments, and the text analysis method was used to obtain the ecological attention index of Chinese provincial local governments, which was sorted into panel data of 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in mainland China from 2007 to 2019. The spatial econometric model and panel threshold model are structured as the means for analyzing the impact that fiscal decentralization and the ecological attention of local governments have, respectively, on regional energy intensity targets. We obtained the following conclusions: Chinese fiscal decentralization can significantly improve the regional energy intensity, and the fiscal decentralization of a region can significantly reduce the energy intensity in nearby regions; the enhancement of ecological attention of local governments will significantly inhibit regional energy intensity, and also has a significant inhibitory effect on the energy intensity of neighboring regions. As the threshold variable—which is the ecological attention of local governments—increases and reaches a certain level, fiscal decentralization will significantly and reversely inhibit regional energy intensity, indicating that the ecological attention of local governments can moderate the distortion of fiscal decentralization with regards to regional energy efficiency.
3

Brinkmann, Peter C. "Towards decentralization". Energy Policy 13, nr 3 (czerwiec 1985): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(85)90154-5.

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4

Newcomb, James, Virginia Lacy, Lena Hansen i Mathias Bell. "Distributed Energy Resources: Policy Implications of Decentralization". Electricity Journal 26, nr 8 (październik 2013): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2013.09.003.

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5

Ferraresi, Massimiliano, Christos Kotsogiannis i Leonzio Rizzo. "Decentralization and fuel subsidies". Energy Economics 74 (sierpień 2018): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.05.031.

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6

정연미. "German Community Energy and Challenges of Local Decentralization". Journal of Local Government Studis 29, nr 4 (grudzień 2017): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21026/jlgs.2017.29.4.125.

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7

Joppke, Christian. "Decentralization of Control in U.S. Nuclear Energy Policy". Political Science Quarterly 107, nr 4 (1992): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2152291.

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8

Xia, Sailian, Daming You, Zhihua Tang i Bo Yang. "Analysis of the Spatial Effect of Fiscal Decentralization and Environmental Decentralization on Carbon Emissions under the Pressure of Officials’ Promotion". Energies 14, nr 7 (29.03.2021): 1878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071878.

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Using panel data of 30 provinces and regions in Mainland China (excluding Tibet) from 2006 to 2016, the Spatial Durbin Model was employed for the empirical research, and the spatial impact of fiscal decentralization and environmental decentralization on regional carbon emissions were analyzed from the perspective of promotion pressure of officials. The empirical study concludes: ① Fiscal decentralization, both within the region and in its neighborhood, will contribute to carbon emissions in the region; ② Environmental decentralization will help reduce carbon emissions, while environmental decentralization in neighboring regions will increase carbon emissions in the region; ③ The promotion pressure of officials plays a positive role in moderating the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions, and at the same time weakens the suppression of carbon emissions by environmental decentralization; ④ From a regional point of view, there is a positive relationship between fiscal decentralization and carbon emissions in various regions; but environmental decentralization has obvious spatial heterogeneity. The research suggests that reducing the degree of local fiscal decentralization, investment in major infrastructure projects involving high carbon emissions should be relatively centralized; appropriately increase the environmental management authority of local environmental protection agencies, fully use the advantages of local environmental protection departments to protect the environment according to local conditions; gradually improve the assessment system for local officials, moderately reduce the proportion of fiscal revenue and GDP assessment in areas with fragile ecological environment, and increase incentives for ecological performance assessment, put the development of low-carbon economy into practice.
9

De Pascali, Paolo, Saverio Santangelo, Francesca Perrone i Annamaria Bagaini. "Territorial Energy Decentralisation and Ecosystem Services in Italy: Limits and Potential". Sustainability 12, nr 4 (14.02.2020): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041424.

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This article focuses on the complex relationships between energy processes and ecosystem services. It highlights the conflicts between them due to the anthropocentric value that characterizes their interrelationship. The article reports the initial results of ongoing research on energy decentralization processes in Italy, examining the Italian districts heating performance, concerning ecosystem provisioning and regulating services. The analysis is based on a sample of more than 150 Italian district-heating systems. Contrary to studies that positively evaluate processes of energy decentralization, the results of the research show some critical factors and impacts. An efficiency gap between districts heating and traditional energy systems emerged. The data processed show a critical situation in the development of local networks, highlighting that the decentralized energy model is not deeply rooted in the local area and is poorly characterized by shared governance, which instead would benefit from the integration of ecosystem services. The significant presence of large energy groups and the considerable use of fossil sources in Italy reduces the effectiveness of the decentralization of energy systems. The article presents some conclusive considerations, which outline some general guidelines for proceeding towards a more correct relationship with ecosystem services and greater integration with the territories.
10

Hvelplund, Frede. "Energy conservation, decentralization of cogeneration systems, and public intervention". Scandinavian Housing and Planning Research 4, nr 4 (styczeń 1987): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02815738708730138.

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11

Pinker, Annabel. "Tinkering with Turbines: Ethics and Energy Decentralization in Scotland". Anthropological Quarterly 91, nr 2 (2018): 709–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/anq.2018.0031.

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12

Qiao, Guitao, Dan Yang, Mahmood Ahmad i Zahoor Ahmed. "Modeling for Insights: Does Fiscal Decentralization Impede Ecological Footprint?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 16 (16.08.2022): 10146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610146.

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In recent years, the debate on environmental issues has become a hot topic. Fiscal decentralization is believed to be a crucial driver of environmental sustainability. However, the discussion on the effect of fiscal decentralization (FD) on environmental sustainability has not reached a unanimous conclusion. In this study, we inspect the effect of fiscal decentralization, economic development, technological innovation, economic globalization, and energy use on environmental quality in eight Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member countries. In addition, we analyze the mechanisms through which fiscal decentralization influences the ecological footprint (EF) through the channels of technological innovation and economic growth. Using the STIRPAT framework, this study employed the CS-ARDL method for short-run and long-run analyses that deal with slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. The empirical results show that fiscal decentralization and technological innovation mitigate ecological footprint, while economic development, energy consumption, and urbanization negatively affect environmental quality. However, economic globalization is not related to the EF in the sample economies. The results further reveal that FD enhances environmental quality through the channel of technological innovation, while it does not affect the EF through the channel of economic growth. Finally, it is recommended to make a reasoned division between the rights and responsibilities of local government and central government in environmental pollution management, and optimize the environmental system. At the same time, policymakers should encourage technological innovation to reduce the adverse impacts of economic development and energy consumption on the environment.
13

Silva, Felipe Thalles Moreira, José de Jesus Figueiredo da Silva, David Filipe Ramos Silva, Luís António da Cruz Tarelho, Manuel Arlindo Amador de Matos i Daniel dos Santos Félix das Neves. "Charcoal Production Infrastructure in the Portalegre District, Portugal: First Assessment from Satellite Imagery and Field Observations". Proceedings 52, nr 1 (27.01.2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020052001.

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14

Zhu, Fangzheng, i Yuexiang Lu. "Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of China’s Financial Decentralization". Sustainability 14, nr 22 (13.11.2022): 15003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215003.

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Due to a lack of focus on China’s financial decentralization system, the existing research does not pay attention to the beneficial contribution of Chinese local governments to carbon emission reduction through their actions in the financial field. In this study, we collected 16 years of data from 30 provinces in China and utilized a two-way fixed-effects model to empirically test the impact of China’s financial decentralization on carbon emission reduction. The regression results show that China’s financial decentralization system has a significant carbon-emission reduction effect. A heterogeneity analysis shows that this effect is common in different regions of China and that fiscal decentralization will negatively moderate it. A mechanism analysis shows that under China’s financial decentralization system, the active intervention of local governments in local finance will significantly upgrade the energy consumption structure and ease the financing constraints of enterprises. The regression results of the spatial econometric model show that the carbon emission reduction effect of China’s financial decentralization still has a spatial spillover effect. Finally, we put forward corresponding policy recommendations.
15

Heldeweg, Michiel A., i Séverine Saintier. "Renewable energy communities as ‘socio-legal institutions’: A normative frame for energy decentralization?" Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 119 (marzec 2020): 109518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109518.

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16

Evans, R. B., i M. R. von Spakovsky. "Engineering Functional Analysis—Part II". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 115, nr 2 (1.06.1993): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905986.

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In this paper, a new formalism called Engineering Functional Analysis (EFA) is presented. This formalism results in higher degrees of decentralization for engineering system optimization than is otherwise possible. By decentralization, it is meant that the improvement or optimization of individual components by themselves (i.e., components which are isolated economically from the rest of the overall system) serves to improve or optimize the system as a whole (within some degree of error, which defines the degree of decentralization). Higher degrees of decentralization are important in that they provide a more stable economic environment for individual components, thus permitting more rapid synthesis and greater system improvement than could otherwise be obtained.
17

von Spakovsky, M. R., i R. B. Evans. "Engineering Functional Analysis—Part I". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 115, nr 2 (1.06.1993): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905985.

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In this paper, the essential building blocks of a new formalism called Engineering Functional Analysis (EFA) are presented. This formalism results in higher degrees of decentralization for engineering system optimization than is otherwise possible. By decentralization, it is meant that the improvement or optimization of individual components by themselves (i.e., components which are isolated economically from the rest of the overall system), serves to improve or optimize the system as a whole (within some degree of error, which defines the degree of decentralization). Higher degrees of decentralization are important in that they provide a more stable economic environment for individual components, thus permitting more rapid synthesis and greater system improvement than could otherwise be obtained.
18

Borodina, Oksana, Hanna Bratus, Viktoriia Udovychenko, Sylwester Kaczmarzewski, Valentyna Kostrychenko i Viktor Koval. "Renovation management of the national economy in ensuring energy decentralization". Polityka Energetyczna – Energy Policy Journal 25, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33223/epj/150483.

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19

Jin, Sang-Hyeon. "The Definition and Direction of Energy Autonomy: Focusing on Decentralization". Korean Journal of Local Government Studies 22, nr 3 (30.11.2018): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20484/klog.22.3.2.

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20

Zhang, Chenxi, Dequn Zhou, Qunwei Wang, Hao Ding i Siqi Zhao. "Will fiscal decentralization stimulate renewable energy development? Evidence from China". Energy Policy 164 (maj 2022): 112893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112893.

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21

Goldthau, Andreas. "Rethinking the governance of energy infrastructure: Scale, decentralization and polycentrism". Energy Research & Social Science 1 (marzec 2014): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2014.02.009.

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22

Zhou, Min, Teng Wang, Liang Yan i Xiong-Biao Xie. "Has Economic Competition Improved China’s Provincial Energy Ecological Efficiency under Fiscal Decentralization?" Sustainability 10, nr 7 (16.07.2018): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072483.

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The study of environmental-oriented total factor energy efficiency considering pollutants as a non-expected output has attracted wide attention, but few studies have included social welfare into the above framework for analyzing China’s provincial energy ecological efficiency (EEE). In addition, China’s fiscal decentralization and economic competition have created tremendous momentum for economic growth; however, research has been lacking on whether they have improved China’s energy utilization, pollution control and social welfare level. To fill these gaps, by applying the 2000–2016 panel data from 30 provinces and considering the social welfare condition, we use the slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) method to calculate EEE and build empirical model to test the relation between EEE, fiscal decentralization and economic competition. The results reveal that, firstly, in the last 16 years EEE has been getting worse and the situation of the middle and western areas of China are poorer than in the eastern area, with the middle area still deteriorating further. Secondly, economic competition among local governments aggravates the provincial EEE in China, while the high degree of fiscal decentralization in state governments significantly contributes to improve the EEE; and the co-impact of economic competition on EEE has been negatively strengthened against the background of fiscal decentralization. Thirdly, the influence of economic competition on EEE presents a regional difference; economic competition makes the degree of EEE go down in the east and middle regions, while by contrast, economic competition has helped the EEE level in western regions. The conclusions point out that the temporal trend of EEE in various regions of China, and the economic competition actions adopted by most Chinese local governments to enhance their own financial strength, have not improved energy efficiency and pollution control capability, and has reduced the social welfare of the region. Accordingly, policy proposals are that the Chinese government can adjust the fiscal and tax revenue system and preferential tax system of the central government and local governments and curb competition between provincial jurisdictions.
23

Shah, Syed Muhammad Kashif, Tanzeel Ur Rasheed i Hafiz Muhammad Ali. "Smart Integrated Decentralization Strategies of Solar Power System in Buildings". International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (25.08.2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9311686.

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This study signifies the need for a smart integrated decentralized solar energy system in Pakistan. Since the outlook of energy is highly dominated by its power sector, policy measures must be adopted to ensure its penetration in the system of any country. After the industrial, the housing sector is the major energy-consuming sector. The goal of this study is to assess energy generation through a smart integrated decentralized solar energy system in the power hub of a commercial area in Taxila, Pakistan. Model development involves a hypothetical model built on LabVIEW which allows the user interface a way to intermingle with the source code. It permits the user to the transformation of the values sent to the source code and sees the information that the source code calculates. The proposed system is a collaborative sharing integrated decentralized solar system that credits sunlight-based energy framework proprietors for the power they add to different buildings due to the collaborative sharing mechanism at Rs.10 per kWh. This low-cost electricity is available at your doorstep that you can share according to the collaborative sharing basis that will not range any certain variable. Results from the literature describe that 30% of the cost associated with the commercial price of electricity amounts to distribution cost. This system of the utilization of energy would be applied at a local level to achieve the maximum power generation from solar panels through blockchain use of solar systems, especially in regions that have no entrance to traditional power with little odds of getting associated in the next 5-10 years.
24

Fang, Yuxin, i Hongjun Cao. "Environmental Decentralization, Heterogeneous Environmental Regulation, and Green Total Factor Productivity—Evidence from China". Sustainability 14, nr 18 (8.09.2022): 11245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811245.

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The effective enhancement of green total factor productivity (GTFP) through macro-regulatory tools—environmental decentralization and environmental regulation and thus the promotion of high-quality and sustainable economic development—is a hot topic of current research. However, many studies have focused on how environmental decentralization or environmental regulation affects green total factor productivity, lacking attention to the relationships and impact paths among the three. To clarify the mechanisms of action of the three effects, this paper measures the GTFP of 30 Chinese provinces and cities from 2010 to 2020 through the Super-SBM model. The mediating effect of environmental regulation between environmental decentralization and GTFP is examined. Firstly, the study findings suggested that environmental decentralization is significantly negatively related to GTFP, while different environmental regulations are all significantly positively related to GTFP. Secondly, environmental decentralization suppresses GTFP in eastern China, which has a non-significant effect in central China. It has a catalytic effect on GTFP in western China. Finally, environmental decentralization can enhance GTFP by promoting public participation in environmental regulation. The findings of this paper have implications for adjusting environmental decentralization, environmental regulation policies, and formulating green economic transition and development strategies.
25

Yang, Yuanhua, Dengli Tang i Peng Zhang. "Effects of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions in China". International Journal of Energy Sector Management 14, nr 1 (6.01.2020): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-03-2019-0001.

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Purpose Fiscal fund is the key support of carbon emissions control for local governments. This paper aims to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions by spatial Durbin model (SDM), and verify the existence of “free-riding” phenomenon to reveal the behavior of local governments in carbon emissions control. Design/methodology/approach Based on the provincial data of carbon emissions from 2005 to 2016 in China, this paper uses spatial exploratory data analysis technology to analyze the spatial correlation characteristics and constructs SDM to test the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions. Findings The results show that carbon emissions exhibits significant spatial autocorrelation in China, and the increasing of fiscal decentralization in the region will increase carbon emissions in surrounding areas and on the whole. Then, by comparing the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions and industrial solid waste, it is found that “free-riding” phenomenon of carbon emissions control exists in China. Practical implications Based on the spatial cluster characteristics of China’s provincial carbon emissions, carbon emissions control regions can be divided into regions and different carbon emission control policies can be formulated for different cluster regions. Carbon emissions indicators should be included in the government performance appraisal policy, and carbon emissions producer survey should be increased in environmental policies to avoid “free-riding” behaviors of local government in carbon emissions control in China. Originality/value This paper contributes to fill this gap and fully considers the spatial spillover characteristics of carbon emissions by introducing spatial exploratory data analysis technology, constructs SDM to test the impact of fiscal decentralization on carbon emissions in the perspective of space econometrics, and tests the existence of “free-riding” phenomenon in carbon emissions control for local governments in China.
26

Deng, Xiuyue, i Hao Huang. "Green Tax Policy, Environmental Decentralization and Energy Consumption: Evidence from China". Modern Economy 11, nr 09 (2020): 1528–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/me.2020.119109.

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27

Murray, Portia, Kristina Orehounig i Jan Carmeliet. "Optimal Design of Multi-Energy Systems at Different Degrees of Decentralization". Energy Procedia 158 (luty 2019): 4204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.808.

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28

Wu, Ying, Yanpeng Wu, Josep M. Guerrero i Juan C. Vasquez. "Digitalization and decentralization driving transactive energy Internet: Key technologies and infrastructures". International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 126 (marzec 2021): 106593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106593.

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Wang, Erhong, Qun Cao, Yongqiang Ding i Huaping Sun. "Fiscal Decentralization, Government Environmental Preference and Industrial Green Transformation". Sustainability 14, nr 21 (28.10.2022): 14108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114108.

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Based on the theory of fiscal decentralization and sustainable development, and the mechanism analysis about fiscal decentralization and government environmental preference to promote industrial green transformation, using China’s provincial panel data from 2006 to 2019, this paper empirically tests the effect of fiscal decentralization and government environmental preference on industrial green transformation by stepwise regression, threshold effect analysis, and the panel simultaneous equation. Results show that fiscal decentralization promotes industrial green transformation, but it also has a certain inhibitory effect on the government’s environmental preference, which results in an insufficient government role in the process of industrial green transformation. In the long run, the influence of fiscal decentralization and government environmental preference has a threshold effect; also, regional heterogeneity exists, as with regional economic level improvement, the influence became stronger. According to the regional survey, fiscal decentralization has a positive effect on industrial green transformation in the eastern region, while it has no significant effect in the central region and a negative effect in the western region. Therefore, countermeasures are put forward, from aspects such as fiscal decentralization and environmental power structure reform, to optimizing the performance evaluation mechanism for improving the government’s environmental preference, so as to have a positive effect on the green transformation of industries.
30

Doronina, I. I., i N. S. Kryshtof. "USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN TERMS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE". States and Regions. Series: Public Administration, nr 2 (2020): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1813-3401.2020.2.12.

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31

Zafar, Bassam, i Sami Ben Slama. "Energy Internet Opportunities in Distributed Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Reveal by Blockchain for Future Smart Grid 2.0". Sensors 22, nr 21 (1.11.2022): 8397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218397.

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The Energy Internet (EI) and Smart Grid 2.0 (SG 2.0) concepts are potential challenges in industry and research. The purpose of SG 2.0 and EI is to automate innovative power grid operations. To move from Distribution Network Operators (DSO) to consumer-centric distributed power grid management, the blockchain and smart contracts are applicable. Blockchain technology and integrated SGs will present challenges, limiting the deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). This review looks at the decentralization of the Smart Grid 2.0 using blockchain technology. Energy trading has increased due to access to distributed energy sources and electricity producers who can financially export surplus fuels. The energy trading system successfully combines energy from multiple sources to ensure consistent and optimal use of available resources and better facilities for energy users. Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is a common field of study that presents some administrative and technical difficulties. This article provides a general overview of P2P energy exchange. It discusses how blockchain can improve transparency and overall performance, including the degree of decentralization, scalability, and device reliability. The research is extended to examine unresolved issues and potential directions for P2P blockchain-based energy sharing in the future. In fact, this paper also demonstrates the importance of blockchain in future smart grid activities and its blockchain-based applications. The study also briefly examines the issues associated with blockchain integration, ensuring the decentralized, secure and scalable operation of autonomous electric grids in the future.
32

Li, Jinze, i Rijia Ding. "Financial Decentralization and Environmental Pollution Research—An Empirical Test Based on Data from 279 Cities in China". Sustainability 14, nr 13 (21.06.2022): 7576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137576.

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By establishing a principal–agent model, this study introduced the local government’s behavior and deduced the local government in the face of incentive policies, which means that it has more power to develop the economy at the cost of environmental pollution. Furthermore, from the perspective of fiscal expenditure structure and local government competition, the influence path of fiscal decentralization on environmental pollution is examined. Thus, this methodology unifies three seemingly different but strongly interrelated hypotheses into one single composite model. Firstly, the bidirectional fixed effect model tests the relationship between fiscal decentralization and environmental pollution empirically and shows that the improvement of fiscal decentralization will aggravate environmental pollution. Additionally, combined with the inverted U-shaped relationship between economic development and environmental pollution, this paper argues that fiscal decentralization has different impacts on environmental pollution at different levels of economic development. Secondly, the results of the mechanism test prove that fiscal decentralization will increase regional competition, increase the scale of foreign capital utilization, and reduce the proportion of local government expenditure for public welfare, thus increasing environmental pollution. Thirdly, heterogeneous regression results demonstrate that fiscal decentralization will increase the environmental pollution of high pollution areas and non-provincial capital cities but has no significant impact on low pollution areas and provincial capital cities. Based on the above conclusions, this paper develops countermeasures to control environmental pollution from optimizing fiscal decentralization structure.
33

Dubishev, V., i I. Ostrovskyi. "PECULIARITIES OF MACRO-FINANCIAL POLICY OF UKRAINE IN CONDITIONS OF BUDGET DECENTRALIZATION". Series: Economic science 7, nr 167 (30.11.2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-7-167-8-13.

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The article considers the relationship between modern processes of budget decentralization and macro-financial policy of Ukraine. The focus on deepening decentralization processes in Ukraine remains unchanged. This emphasizes the use of the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021-2027. The theoretical foundations of budget decentralization were introduced in the works of C. Tibet, W. Oates, E. Bracco, W. Tanzi, A. Aristovnik and other Western researchers. C. Oates defined the decentralization of fiscal powers as a benefit that could lead to a reduction in the size of the central government. This means reducing the tax burden by increasing competition from tax jurisdictions. For quantification at the level of an individual economy, it is possible to use the index of fiscal decentralization. This index consists of two sub-indices: the self-sufficiency index and the index of importance of subnational budgets. The OECD Fiscal Decentralization Database can be used as a source of information on fiscal decentralization. A retrospective analysis of economists has shown an increase in the index of fiscal decentralization and an improvement in the state of subnational entities in a favorable macroeconomic situation. On the contrary, the crisis worsens the conditions of subnational entities and is accompanied by a decrease in this index. With the beginning of the pandemic, there was a crisis situation regarding the macroeconomic support of further decentralization processes. Long-term social problems are deepening: demographic negatives, increasing external outflow of labor resources, shrinking the country's economy, progressive deindustrialization, high resource intensity of production, in particular, low energy efficiency, growing debt burden. The most destabilizing role is played by military events in the east of the country. High regional disproportion logically leads to a violation of the single economic space of Ukraine. The size of the budget deficit and public debt is increasing. The crisis has a significant impact on all macroeconomic processes, in particular, on the macro-financial stimulation of budget decentralization processes. The urgent task is to establish effective coordination of fiscal and monetary policy, as well as increase the capacity to attract loan financing. Extreme conditions force us to temporarily give up strategic intentions as such, which are not urgent. Public-private partnership can get another chance to become an effective mechanism of social interaction. Increasing competition between budgetary institutions and private institutions in these areas has the potential to increase the quantity and quality of public services.
34

Qian, Cheng, Lyu, Zhu i Li. "Fiscal Decentralization, Local Competitions and Sustainability of Medical Insurance Funds：Evidence from China". Sustainability 11, nr 8 (24.04.2019): 2437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082437.

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Local governments are responsible for the management of social medical insurance for urban and rural residents in China. Under the background of fiscal decentralization between the central government and local governments, the strengthening of supervision on medical insurance funds by local governments leads to a reduction in the expenditure of the medical insurance fund, which contributes to its sustainability. By employing the provincial level panel data during 2004–2014, we used a fixed effect model and a spatial autoregression model to investigate whether fiscal decentralization has had a negative influence on the expenditure of China’s new rural cooperative medical system (NCMS) fund. We found that fiscal decentralization has had a significant influence over its per capita expenditure. Our results also indicate that higher fiscal decentralization leads to higher financial aid in the NCMS provided by local governments. Additionally, the expenditure of the NCMS and the local financial aid are influenced by nearby governments. Our results suggest that appropriate fiscal decentralization, which helps to maintain the sustainability of social medical insurance funds, should be encouraged.
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Liang, Wenming, i Azhong Ye. "The Impact of Transport Infrastructure Investment on Energy Intensity: The Perspective of Fiscal Decentralization". Sustainability 13, nr 24 (17.12.2021): 13968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413968.

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Investment in China’s transport infrastructure has contributed to its rapid economic growth, which also consumes a great deal of energy and generates a significant amount of carbon emissions. In these circumstances, it is worthwhile to discuss the internal influence mechanisms behind these two outcomes’ similar growth trends. This paper selects panel data from 30 regions in China from 2009 to 2019 and uses the threshold spatial autoregressive (TSAR) model to analyze the impact of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity due to fiscal decentralization. While studies of the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and energy intensity exist, few studies examine the non-linear spatial relationship between the two. This paper fills this gap by using the TSAR Model. The results show the following: (1) the effect of transport infrastructure investment on the energy intensity under fiscal decentralization and heterogeneity expresses non-linear characteristic; (2) there is a positive relationship between infrastructure investment and energy intensity when the degree of attenuation is low, but when the degree of attenuation is higher than a particular threshold value, transport infrastructure investment negatively impacts energy intensity; (3) rising energy prices, increasing investment in technological innovation costs, and increasing foreign trade will help to drive the decline in energy intensity.
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Aunphattanasilp, Chumphol. "From decentralization to re-nationalization: Energy policy networks and energy agenda setting in Thailand (1987–2017)". Energy Policy 120 (wrzesień 2018): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.06.006.

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Smirnova, S. V., P. V. Bolotov, D. E. Petrushin, M. G. Popov i M. V. Matrosova. "Key Aspects and Trends of Distributed Generation and Energy Decentralization in Russia". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 976 (12.12.2020): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/976/1/012028.

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Lawrence, A. "Energy decentralization in South Africa: Why past failure points to future success". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 120 (marzec 2020): 109659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109659.

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Chen, Shi, Xun Liu i Chong Lu. "Fiscal Decentralization, Local Government Behavior, and Macroeconomic Effects of Environmental Policy". Sustainability 14, nr 17 (5.09.2022): 11069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141711069.

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With the rapid economic growth, environmental problems have become a significant bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of China’s economy. In the fiscal decentralization system, balancing economic growth and environmental governance is an issue that needs to be paid attention to in fiscal policy. This paper studies the impact of fiscal decentralization on the environmental policy in China. We incorporate the central and local government structure into a standard environmental dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (E-DSGE) model. The economy was featured with multiple-level governments where the local governments implement fiscal policies through the trade-off between pursuing economic growth and environmental governance. The results indicate that implementing a carbon emission tax is not conducive to economic growth but helps reduce environmental pollution. Second, deepening fiscal decentralization has heterogeneous effects on central and local fiscal expenditures. Deepening fiscal decentralization strengthens the positive externality of local government expenditures to output, but it also leads to further deterioration of environmental pollution. The positive externality of the central government expenditures will weaken with the increase in fiscal decentralization, but it is conducive to improving the quality of the environment. Third, deepening fiscal decentralization is conducive to improving social welfare and alleviating environmental pollution. If the local government fiscal expenditures are biased toward environmental governance expenditures, this is beneficial to improve social welfare and the quality of the environment.
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Luo, Wenjian, i Yujie Liu. "Research on the Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Governance Performance of Air Pollution—Empirical Evidence of 30 Provinces from China". Sustainability 14, nr 18 (9.09.2022): 11313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811313.

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Air pollution governance is of great benefit to future generations, and its steady performance improvement is inextricably linked to the fiscal relationships between the central and local governments in China’s decentralization context. Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2019, this paper constructs a comprehensive index of air pollution governance performance using the entropy method. Then, the relationship between fiscal decentralization and governance performance of air pollution is measured using a two-way fixed effects model. The results show that the increase in fiscal decentralization is not conducive to the improvement in governance performance of air pollution. Moreover, fiscal decentralization weakens the positive impact of pollution control investment on enhancing governance performance of air pollution while easing the negative impact of local government capital attraction competition on enhancing governance performance of air pollution. In terms of regional level, fiscal decentralization in northern and inland regions significantly negatively impacts air pollution governance performance. However, the above effects are not significant in the southern and coastal regions. The policy implications of the above findings are as follows: first, the central government ought to optimize the financial decentralization system and promote multiple performance assessments. Second, it is essential to adjust the structure of fiscal spending and promote competitive partnerships among local governments. Third, emphasis should be placed on collaborative governance of key regions while developing an effective incentive mechanism.
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Hassan, Ali Adan. "Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth. The Case of Mogadishu, Somalia". International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, nr 08 (2022): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6812.

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With the failure of the centralized military regime and the subsequent transitional governments, Somalia adopted decentralized federal governance following the approval of a provisional federal constitution by 825 constituent assemblies representing different clans. However, the Fiscal decentralization in Somalia is in its infancy stage, and the allocation of functional assignments among the federal and state governments is yet to materialize. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study is to examine the effect of fiscal decentralization on economic growth in Mogadishu, Somalia, emphasizing the current practice and challenges. The study employed descriptive case study research that collected qualitative and quantitative primary data through an online mixed questionnaire and structured interview guide with the target population and analysed with due process. The study findings reveal that adequate revenue and expenditure responsibilities with some degree of fiscal autonomy to subnational governments are critical to properly implementing fiscal decentralization and improving citizens’ living standards. In addition, the research found that political stalemate, weak national government, poor cooperation among different levels of government, security-related challenges, limited technical, administrative or fiscal capacities, and economic disparity are among the obstacles that hinder effective fiscal decentralization in Somalia. Finally, the study recommends strengthening intergovernmental fiscal relations, finalizing the provisional constitution review to address financial matters, developing a revenue-sharing formula that guides fiscal transfer arrangements, enhancing the institutional capacity of subnational governments, and allocating the considered budget to the social and economic services as they are necessary economic growth.
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Xu, Xianpu, i Shan Li. "Neighbor-Companion or Neighbor-Beggar? Estimating the Spatial Spillover Effects of Fiscal Decentralization on China’s Carbon Emissions Based on Spatial Econometric Analysis". Sustainability 14, nr 16 (10.08.2022): 9884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169884.

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China’s rapid economic growth is associated with huge energy consumption and high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Although the environmental effect of fiscal decentralization (FD) has been widely reported, its impact on CO2 is still a controversial subject. In this context, based on the panel data for China’s 30 provinces during 2003–2019, this paper uses a spatial autoregressive model to investigate the spatial spillover effects of revenue and expenditure decentralization on CO2 emissions, respectively. The results show that: (1) CO2 emissions exhibit spatial dependence, indicating that the rise of CO2 emissions in the region can lead to the rise of it in neighboring regions. (2) Both revenue and expenditure decentralization have significant positive spatial spillover effects on CO2 emissions, implying that higher FD in the province can significantly accelerate CO2 emissions in neighboring provinces. (3) There exists regional heterogeneity in the spatial spillover effect of FD on CO2 emissions. (4) Foreign direct investment (FDI) and technological innovation (R&D) can effectively mitigate the adverse effect of FD on CO2 emissions. (5) Industrial structure and human capital can significantly inhibit CO2 emissions, while economic development cannot. Therefore, it is important to optimize the system of fiscal decentralization and strengthen inter-regional cooperation on carbon emission reduction.
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Gol, Murat. "A Decentralization Method for Hybrid State Estimators". IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33, nr 2 (marzec 2018): 2070–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2720626.

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Cheng, Shulei, Wei Fan, Jiandong Chen, Fanxin Meng, Gengyuan Liu, Malin Song i Zhifeng Yang. "The impact of fiscal decentralization on CO2 emissions in China". Energy 192 (luty 2020): 116685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.116685.

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Digdowiseiso, Kumba, Syed M. Murshed i Sylvia I. Bergh. "How Effective Is Fiscal Decentralization for Inequality Reduction in Developing Countries?" Sustainability 14, nr 1 (4.01.2022): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010505.

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The relationship between fiscal decentralization and vertical inequality has long received attention by fiscal federalism theorists. However, horizontal inequality has been largely overlooked. This study will present a novel empirical examination of the relationship between fiscal decentralization, vertical inequality, and horizontal inequality. Specifically, it will focus on how institutional quality and military expenditure affect the fiscal decentralization–inequality nexus across 33 developing countries in the period 1990–2014. Findings indicate that varieties of fiscal authority have a significant effect on distribution of income and ethnic inequality. This depends on the level of institutions and defense spending achieved by these developing countries.
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Omodero, Cordelia Onyinyechi. "Fiscal Decentralization and Environmental Pollution Control". International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, nr 7 (30.11.2021): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160718.

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Fiscal decentralization is one of the strategies applied to involve both the national and local governments in environmental management. Although, this study tries to examine its effectiveness in Nigeria which has been ambiguous. Using a multiple regression method, the study examines the effect of revenue fiscal structure on CO2 emission management in Nigeria from 2007 to 2020. Controlling pollution through the fiscal system is exceedingly difficult. According to the t-statistic results, it is only the central government that has a significant favorable influence on pollution management. State and local governments have a minimal impact on CO2 emissions reduction. This outcome leads to a suggestion that resource accumulation powers should be equitable with a higher consideration to the state and local governments which have a greater burden of controlling pollution in the rural areas where majority of the citizens have their abodes. The government at all levels should guarantee that the country's environmental policies and regulations are effectively implemented in order to reduce carbon emissions and other types of environmental pollution.
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Zhang, Xiaosan, Xiaojie Hu i Fang Wu. "Fiscal Decentralization, Taxation Efforts and Corporate Green Technology Innovation in China Based on Moderating and Heterogeneity Effects". Sustainability 14, nr 22 (18.11.2022): 15372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215372.

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Corporate green technology innovation is an effective way to achieve regional sustainable development goals (SDGs). Based on fiscal decentralization as a green function that empowers provincial governments with fiscal powers that are highly relevant to regional sustainable economic decision-making, this paper focused on the impacts of fiscal decentralization on corporate green technology innovation, as well as the moderating roles of taxation efforts. Taking China’s listed corporations from the period of 2005 to 2019 as the research sample, we constructed green technology innovation indicators at the corporate level. The empirical results were as follows: firstly, fiscal decentralization significantly promoted corporate green technology innovation on the whole; secondly, the synergy effects of fiscal decentralization and taxation efforts were strongly positive, implying a substantial promotion of corporate green technology innovation; thirdly, heterogeneity tests found that the synergistic effects of fiscal decentralization and taxation efforts were more significant in promoting corporate green technology innovation in eastern China, non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) and manufacturing corporations. The above results were proven to be equally valid after a series of robustness tests. We suggest that provincial governments should be granted more fiscal autonomy, and that taxation efforts should be optimized to promote corporate green technology innovation.
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Hope, Aimie, Thomas Roberts i Ian Walker. "Consumer engagement in low-carbon home energy in the United Kingdom: Implications for future energy system decentralization". Energy Research & Social Science 44 (październik 2018): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.05.032.

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Chen, Xiaohua, Xinyi Zhang, Yuhua Song, Xueping Liang, Liangjun Wang i Yina Geng. "Fiscal Decentralization, Urban-Rural Income Gap, and Tourism". Sustainability 12, nr 24 (12.12.2020): 10398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410398.

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The reform of China’s tax-sharing system in 1994 has not only had a profound heterogeneous impact on the control level of fiscal resources by local government but also might exert a negative effect on the sustainable development of tourism. Based on this hypothesis, this paper uses 1993–2018 data from 31 Chinese provinces to examine the dynamic relationship between China’s fiscal decentralization, income gap, urbanization, and tourism growth using a panel co-integration model. Our results show that there is a stable co-integration relationship between fiscal decentralization, income gap, and tourism growth. In general, the impact of fiscal decentralization and income gap on tourism development varies across regions. However, in most provinces, urbanization helps the development of tourism. Urbanization and fiscal decentralization also help reduce the income gap. This shows that the inter-regional government competition promotes not only the growth of tourism but also income equality. To achieve the sustainable development of tourism, China should not only take the advantage of local governments’ incentives for economic growth but also handle the income gap problem considering local conditions.
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Mucha-Kuś, Karolina, Maciej Sołtysik, Krzysztof Zamasz i Katarzyna Szczepańska-Woszczyna. "Coopetitive Nature of Energy Communities—The Energy Transition Context". Energies 14, nr 4 (10.02.2021): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040931.

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The decentralization of the large-scale energy sector, its replacement with pro-ecological, dispersed production sources and building a citizen dimension of the energy sector are the directional objectives of the energy transformation in the European Union. Building energy self-sufficiency at a local level is possible, based on the so-called Energy Communities, which include energy clusters and energy cooperatives. Several dozen pilot projects for energy clusters have been implemented in Poland, while energy cooperatives, despite being legally sanctioned and potentially a simpler formula of operation, have not functioned in practice. This article presents the coopetitive nature of Energy Communities. The authors analysed the principles and benefits of creating Energy Communities from a regulatory and practical side. An important element of the analysis is to indicate the managerial, coopetitive nature of the strategies implemented within the Energy Communities. Their members, while operating in a competitive environment, simultaneously cooperate to achieve common benefits. On the basis of the actual data of recipients and producers, the results of simulations of benefits in the economic dimension will be presented, proving the thesis of the legitimacy of creating coopetitive structures of Energy Communities.
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