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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Focal Seizures”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 2 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Cascino, Gregory. "Midline Spikes Associated with Focal Epilepsy." Epilepsy Currents 2, no. 4 (2002): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7597.2002.t01-1-00044.x.

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Seizure Semiology and Neuroimaging Findings in Patients with Midline Spikes Kutluay E, Passaro EA, Gomez-Hassan D, Beydoun A Epilepsia 2001;42:1563–1568 Purpose Midline epileptiform discharges are rare compared with discharges at other scalp locations. Neuroimaging results and semiologic seizure characteristics of patients with midline spikes are not adequately described. The aim of this study was to describe the neuroimaging findings and detailed seizure semiologies in patients with midline spikes. Methods We reviewed the EEG database of the University of Michigan Medical Center and identifie

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Vinay, Kumar Shivaputrappa Appannavar, Chandrasekhar Gouli, Samruddhapoorn, and H. Udbal Durugappa. "To study clinical profile and correlation of EEG and CT findings in diagnosis of focal seizures in children at medical institution in mid – Karnataka region." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, no. 1 (2023): 768–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12204106.

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Focal-onset seizures account for approximately 40% of seizures in children. Focal seizures are most commonly associated with underlying brain pathology in extreme age groups. Clinical correlation and localizing the site of the lesion play an important role in the early diagnosis and proper management of focal seizures in children. Objectives: To study the clinical profile and correlation of EEG and CT findings in children admitted to the paediatric ward of Medical College.A prospective study on the correlation of focal seizures, CT brain, and EEG studies was carried out in children in the age

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Ko, Young Jun, Il Han Yoo, Jiwon Lee, et al. "The Role of Focal Epilepsy Features in Defining <i>SCN1A</i> Mutation-positive Dravet Syndrome as Generalized and Focal Epilepsy." Journal of Epilepsy Research 11, no. 2 (2021): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14581/jer.21019.

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Background and Purpose: This study was aimed to describe focal epilepsy features of <i>SCN1A</i> mutation-positive Dravet syndrome patients.Methods: A total of 82 <i>SCN1A</i> mutation-positive patients were reviewed retrospectively (39 boys and 43 girls). Seizure type and electroencephalography (EEG) findings were investigated according to the stage, disease onset, and steady state (after age 2 years). Long-term video EEG data were used to classify the seizure type.Results: Focal seizures at onset and the steady state were found in 54.9% (45/82) and 90% (63/70) of pati

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International, Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR). "Tiny Tremors: A Case of Pediatric Focal Seizures Unraveled." International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) 9, no. 4 (2024): 98–101. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15422389.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction</strong><strong>:</strong> Simple focal seizures, also known as auras, occur in one area on one side of the brain, but may spread from there (1). The person does not lose consciousness during a simple focal seizure. Physicians typically break simple focal seizures down into the following four areas, depending on the location in the brain and parts of the body affected: <strong>Motor</strong>: A simple focal seizure with motor symptoms will affect muscle activity, causing jerking movements of a foot, the face, an arm or another part of the body(2).

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Syed, Abdul Mohid, Y. Shasidhar Reddy, and Gangadhar B. Belavadi. "Study on etiology and clinical course of neonatal seizures and their outcome." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 5 (2019): 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193710.

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Background: The aim was to explore etiology, clinical course of neonatal seizure sand their and outcome in Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.Methods: Retrospective study of 65 neonates from 1 month to 1 year diagnosed with epilepsy between November 2016 to August 2018.Results: Most common type of seizures seen are subtle (40%), followed by multifocalclonic (20%), tonic (21%), focal clonic (9.2%), clonic (7.7%) and myoclonic (1.6%). Most common cause of neonatal seizures was HIE (41.5%), followed by hypoglycemia (13.8%), intracranial bleed (10.8%), septicemia (10

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Carstairs, Claire, Anmol Pandey, Zachary Moulder, Monika Kosela, and Jeremy Rees. "Seizure Semiology Over Time in Adult Diffuse Glioma." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_4 (2022): iv10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac200.043.

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Abstract AIMS Patients with gliomas often present with generalised seizures, but subsequently develop focal seizures on treatment. The occurrence of a single generalised seizure at onset precludes the return of a driving licence, even if a patient continues to have only focal aware seizures. We investigated seizure semiology over time, to determine how many patients with ongoing seizures may be safe to drive. METHOD We analysed clinical data of patients with histologically-confirmed IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas, diagnosed between 2004-2015. Seizures were classified as: 1 – focal / 2 - generalise

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Fisher, Robert S. "Revised Operational Classification of Seizure Types." US Neurology 13, no. 02 (2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usn.2017.13.02.72.

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The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) issued a revised operational classification of seizure types. The ILAE retained much of the old structure, but new features include new types of focal motor seizures: automatism, tonic, atonic, myoclonic, hyperkinetic, and spasm motor seizures. Focal nonmotor seizures can be autonomic, behavior arrest, cognitive, emotional, and sensory. A few new generalized types are included, as well as seizures of unknown onset. Partial is renamed focal. Simple partial is renamed focal aware and complex partial, focal impaired awareness. The new classificatio

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Chung, Steve S., Jacqueline A. French, Jacek Kowalski, et al. "Randomized phase 2 study of adjunctive cenobamate in patients with uncontrolled focal seizures." Neurology 94, no. 22 (2020): e2311-e2322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009530.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive cenobamate 200 mg/d in patients with uncontrolled focal (partial-onset) seizures despite treatment with 1 to 3 antiepileptic drugs.MethodsIn this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, adults 18 to 65 years of age with focal seizures were randomized 1:1 (cenobamate:placebo) after an 8-week baseline period. The 12-week double-blind treatment period consisted of a 6-week titration phase and a 6-week maintenance phase. The primary outcome was percent change in seizure frequency (from baseline) per 28 days during double-blind

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Volpe, Joseph J. "Neonatal Seizures: Current Concepts and Revised Classification." Pediatrics 84, no. 3 (1989): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.84.3.422.

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In recent years, prolonged EEG monitoring with simultaneous observation by video recorder on by direct inspection has produced findings that suggest that (1) the number of certain neonatal seizures (when identified only clinically) has been overestimated in the past, and (2) the total number of neonatal seizures (identified electrographically but clinically silent) has been underestimated in the past. In this article, we propose a classification of seizures that includes the following as major seizure types: subtle, clonic, tonic, and myoclonic. Subtle seizure phenomena include those alteratio

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10

Shi, Yanfang, and Huancong Zuo. "Surgical treatment of focal inhibitory motor seizures." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 9, no. 3 (2012): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.12.peds11205.

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The authors describe a rare case of a pediatric patient with focal inhibitory motor seizures (ictal paralysis) with the seizure focus in the primary motor cortex. Seizures were characterized by ictal paralysis of the contralateral limbs without loss of consciousness. The seizure focus and progression were examined using long-term video electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring and MR imaging. Invasive recordings of the ictal EEG revealed spike rhythms arising from the primary motor cortex, suggesting that seizures associated with paralysis can arise from hyperactivity in either positive or negat

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González Otárula, Karina A., Yara Mikhaeil-Demo, Elizabeth M. Bachman, Pedro Balaguera, and Stephan Schuele. "Automated seizure detection accuracy for ambulatory EEG recordings." Neurology 92, no. 14 (2019): e1540-e1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000007237.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the accuracy of preselected software automatic seizure files to detect at least one seizure per study in prolonged ambulatory EEG recording.MethodsAll the prolonged ambulatory EEG recordings (>24 hours) read at the Northwestern Memorial Hospital from January 2013 to October 2017 were included. We selected only the first study of each patient. We reviewed the studies entirely, and processed the recordings through 1 of 3 different detection software that are commercially available (Persyst 11, Persyst 12, and Gotman TM Event Detection). The proportion of patients with

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12

Priyadarshini, Theetla, Kokku Pradheep Kumar, Sravanthi CH, and Ravula Chaitanya Jyothi. "Role of EEG and MRI brain in the diagnosis of unprovoked seizures in children in a tertiary care centre." ScienceRise: Medical Science, no. 2(53) (March 31, 2023): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2023.283806.

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Seizure disorders are a major public health problem in a developing country like India. Epilepsy characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures is a common heterogeneous neurological problem in children that exerts a significant medical, physical, psychological, social, and economic challenge. This study evaluated the importance of the available diagnostic modalities, EEG and MRI, which could influence the management, prognosis and recurrence of unprovoked seizures. The aims and objectives: To determine the role of Electroencephalography and MRI BRAIN in evaluating children presenting wi

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Szelecsenyi, Arlette Cornelia, Urs Giger, Lorenzo Golini, Ian Mothersill, Paul R. Torgerson, and Frank Steffen. "Survival in 76 cats with epilepsy of unknown cause: a retrospective study." Veterinary Record 181, no. 18 (2017): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104281.

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Survival of cats with epilepsy of unknown cause (EUC) has not been reported. Seizure semiology and its relationship to treatment outcome and survival was studied in a population of 76 cats. A questionnaire for seizure semiology was developed based on experimental data. Seizure semiology was characterised by owner interviews at least one year after discharge. Seizures were classified as (1) primary generalised and (2) focal without and (3) with secondary generalisation. Median age at seizure onset was four (range 0.3–18) years. One-third of cats with EUC presented with primary generalised seizu

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R., Ramanathan, and Siva K. R. "A study on clinical profile and correlation between electroencephalogram and neuroimaging in unprovoked seizures in children aged between 2 months to 12 years." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 12, no. 2 (2025): 260–65. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20250094.

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Background: Seizure is one of the commonest neurological illnesses in children and is also an important cause of mortality and morbidity in childhood proper diagnosis and management helps in improving the everyday life of children with seizures. The study is conducted to find the clinical profile and correlation of electroencephalogram (EEG) and neuroimaging and their correlation in the unprovoked afebrile seizures in children aged between 2 months and 12 years. Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study conducted for a period of 1 year and total of 63 children were incl

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Sandu, E. A., K. V. Firsov, V. M. Frolova, and A. S. Kotov. "Recurrent seizures in patients with focal epilepsy." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 10 (2021): 654–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-10-654-658.

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Epilepsy is a chronic non-communicable disease of the brain that affects people of all ages. It is diagnosed in 2.4 million people annually. Epilepsy includes focal seizures that are more common than generalized ones. The incidence of focal epilepsy in the population reaches 0.5– 0.8%. Resistant types account for approximately 30% of all epilepsy forms, especially in patients with focal seizures. Thereby, the main task of epilepsy treatment is to control seizures. Patients with a newly diagnosed focal epilepsy in 55–68% of cases achieve long-term remission of seizures. Adding that, there is a

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Uludag, IF, O. Tumer, and U. Sener. "Peri-Ictal Heart Rate Changes in Patients with Epilepsy." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 26, no. 8 (2023): 1176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_116_23.

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ABSTRACT Background: Heart rate (HR) changes associated with seizures are promising biomarkers in epilepsy. Aims: The aim of our study is to reveal possible HR changes in the peri-ictal period. Methods: Long-term video-EEG monitorization records of generalized and focal epilepsy patients were reviewed. HRs were calculated in the pre-ictal (2 min before the first seizure activity in EEG), ictal (the time from the first seizure activity on the EEG to the end of the seizure), and in the interictal period (at least 2 h before or 12 h after the seizure). Interictal, pre-ictal, and ictal HRs were co

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Baumgartner, Christoph, Jakob Baumgartner, Clemens Lang, Tamara Lisy, and Johannes P. Koren. "Seizure Detection Devices." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 3 (2025): 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030863.

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Goals of automated detection of epileptic seizures using wearable devices include objective documentation of seizures, prevention of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and seizure-related injuries, obviating both the unpredictability of seizures and potential social embarrassment, and finally to develop seizure-triggered on-demand therapies. Automated seizure detection devices are based on the analysis of EEG signals (scalp-EEG, subcutaneous EEG and intracranial EEG), of motor manifestations of seizures (surface EMG, accelerometry), and of physiologic autonomic changes caused by seizu

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Habeych, Miguel E., Tatiana Falcone, Anjali Dagar, Lisa Ford, and Ruby Castilla-Puentes. "Dementia, Subtype of Seizures, and the Risk of New Onset Seizures: A Cohort Study." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 81, no. 3 (2021): 973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-210028.

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Background: Seizure disorders have been identified in patients suffering from different types of dementia. However, the risks associated with the seizure subtypes have not been characterized. Objective: To compare the occurrence and risk of various seizure subtypes (focal and generalized) between patients with and without a dementia diagnosis. Methods: Data from 40.7 million private insured patient individual electronic health records from the U.S., were utilized. Patients 60 years of age or more from the Optum Insight Clinformatics-data Mart database were included in this study. Using ICD-9 d

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Luan, K., J. Mailo, N. Liu, J. Kassiri, and DB Sinclair. "P.103 Midline Spikes and Intractable Seizures in Pediatric Epilepsy." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 48, s3 (2021): S49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2021.381.

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Background: Epileptic discharges localized to the midline vertex are rare. However, they have been associated with intractable seizures and severe long-term consequences in the developing brain. Our study aimed to understand the etiology of pediatric midline seizures and define post-surgical seizure outcomes. Methods: We reviewed charts, electroencephalography (EEG), and neuroimaging studies of ten pediatric patients with epileptic discharges localized to the midline vertex in the Comprehensive Epilepsy Program. The seizures were classified according to the International League Against Epileps

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Ogbimi, EM, BN Ogbimi, and A. Akan. "Orgasm-Induced Seizures: ACase Report and Literature Review." WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (2024): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14629000.

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ABSTRACT Epileptic seizures induced by sexual orgasm are a form of reflex seizures and are very rare in literature. Reflex seizures are epileptic seizures triggered by some specific stimuli in sensitive patients and are often classified according to the stimuli that trigger them rather than by the seizure type. In our patient, the stimulus is sexual intercourse and orgasm. We report a 28year old right- handed female who experienced focal motor seizures after sexual intercourse and orgasm. Patient had complex focal seizures involving the left upper and lower limbs with loss of consciousness, su

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Ogbimi, EM, BN Ogbimi, and A. Akan. "Orgasm-Induced Seizures: ACase Report and Literature Review." WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 5, no. 4 (2024): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14713294.

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ABSTRACT Epileptic seizures induced by sexual orgasm are a form of reflex seizures and are very rare in literature. Reflex seizures are epileptic seizures triggered by some specific stimuli in sensitive patients and are often classified according to the stimuli that trigger them rather than by the seizure type. In our patient, the stimulus is sexual intercourse and orgasm. We report a 28year old right- handed female who experienced focal motor seizures after sexual intercourse and orgasm. Patient had complex focal seizures involving the left upper and lower limbs with loss of consciousness, su

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Khair, Abdulhafeez M., Stephen Falchek, Rahul Nikam, and Gurcharanjeet Kaur. "Epilepsy and Electroencephalogram Characteristics in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1, What We Have Learned from a Tertiary Center Five Years’ Experience." Child Neurology Open 9 (January 2022): 2329048X2211314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329048x221131445.

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Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1) is the commonest neurocutaneous phacomatosis in children. Epilepsy is an infrequent comorbidity. Reports of seizure and Electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics in children are sparse. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients with NF-1 seen between 2016–2020. Patients with co-existing epilepsy were identified. Demographic, clinical, radiological and neurophysiological data were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Out of 118 children with NF1, 16 had epilepsy. 11 patients had focal onset seizures, whereas 5 had generalized onset seizur

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Kobayashi, E., C. S. Hawco, C. Grova, F. Dubeau, and J. Gotman. "Widespread and intense BOLD changes during brief focal electrographic seizures." Neurology 66, no. 7 (2006): 1049–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000204232.37720.a4.

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Background: Combined recording of EEG and fMRI has shown changes in blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal during focal interictal epileptic spikes. Due to difficult assessment of seizures inside the scanner little is known about BOLD changes during seizures.Objectives: To describe BOLD changes related to brief focal electrographic seizures in a patient with right temporo-parietal gray matter nodular heterotopia.Methods: The patient underwent two EEG-fMRI sessions during which several focal seizures were recorded. EEG was acquired continuously during scanning and seizure timing was us

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Barcia, Giulia, Nicole Chemaly, Mathieu Kuchenbuch, et al. "Epilepsy with migrating focal seizures." Neurology Genetics 5, no. 6 (2019): e363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxg.0000000000000363.

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ObjectiveTo report new sporadic cases and 1 family with epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFSs) due to KCNT1 gain-of-function and to assess therapies' efficacy including quinidine.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical, EEG, and molecular data of 17 new patients with EIMFS and KCNT1 mutations, in collaboration with the network of the French reference center for rare epilepsies.ResultsThe mean seizure onset age was 1 month (range: 1 hour to 4 months), and all children had focal motor seizures with autonomic signs and migrating ictal pattern on EEG. Three children also had infantile

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Alsaadi, Taoufik, Manuel Toledo, Fernando Ayuga Loro, et al. "070 Real-world experience of perampanel monotherapy in epilepsy patients with focal-onset and generalised-onset seizures." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 93, no. 9 (2022): e2.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2022-abn2.114.

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Data from 44 pooled clinical practice studies were compared for epilepsy patients with focal-onset and/or generalised-onset seizures treated with perampanel (PER) monotherapy (n=268) (first-line or conversion to monotherapy). Retention was assessed after 3, 6 and 12 months of PER treatment. Seizure freedom rates and responder rates (≥50% seizure frequency reduction), assessed by seizure type at last visit were evaluated (last observation carried forward). Adverse events (AEs) and discontinuation due to AEs were evaluated. Seizure types at baseline were focal-onset only (75.0%), generalised-ons

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Diamond, Joshua M., Benjamin E. Diamond, Michael S. Trotta, Kate Dembny, Sara K. Inati, and Kareem A. Zaghloul. "Travelling waves reveal a dynamic seizure source in human focal epilepsy." Brain 144, no. 6 (2021): 1751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab089.

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Abstract Treatment of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy relies upon accurate seizure localization. Ictal activity captured by intracranial EEG has traditionally been interpreted to suggest that the underlying cortex is actively involved in seizures. Here, we hypothesize that such activity instead reflects propagated activity from a relatively focal seizure source, even during later time points when ictal activity is more widespread. We used the time differences observed between ictal discharges in adjacent electrodes to estimate the location of the hypothesized focal source and demon

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Stefan, Hermann, and Eugen Trinka. "Generalized absence seizures: Where do we stand today?" Zeitschrift für Epileptologie 35, no. 1 (2022): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10309-022-00469-w.

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AbstractGeneralized absence seizures are discussed here with respect to changing scientific concepts and newer findings, challenging the strict dichotomy of “generalized” vs. “focal” which may be counterproductive to the development of new ideas and treatments. Data from semiology, structural, and functional studies using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring, magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography as well as neuropathology suggest a nosological spectrum from focal to generalized seizure-generating mechanisms. The terms “f

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Traub, Roger D., Friederike Moeller, Richard Rosch, Torsten Baldeweg, Miles A. Whittington, and Stephen P. Hall. "Seizure initiation in infantile spasms vs. focal seizures: proposed common cellular mechanisms." Reviews in the Neurosciences 31, no. 2 (2020): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2019-0030.

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AbstractInfantile spasms (IS) and seizures with focal onset have different clinical expressions, even when electroencephalography (EEG) associated with IS has some degree of focality. Oddly, identical pathology (with, however, age-dependent expression) can lead to IS in one patient vs. focal seizures in another or even in the same, albeit older, patient. We therefore investigated whether the cellular mechanisms underlying seizure initiation are similar in the two instances: spasms vs. focal. We noted that in-common EEG features can include (i) a background of waves at alpha to delta frequencie

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P, Sangeetha S., and K. Alpana. "Profiles of Patients based on different Criterias in Relation with Magnetic Resonance Imaging findings and their association with Electroencephalograph Data in children with Focal Epilepsy." Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (2025): 39–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15516038.

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Epilepsy is suspected when there is repetition of seizures or an unprovoked seizure is accompanied by a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk after two unprovoked seizures. Children with epilepsy present multiple challenges to the clinician. The cause and clinical spectrum of epilepsy are extremely wideranging in children. Moreover, there are age-specific changes in the semiology/types of seizures that might be the result of the differences in the connectivity and functionality of different brain regions. Epilepsy is more than a repetition of seizure. Epilepsie

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Jayaram, Shoba, Modhi Alkhaldi, and Asim Shahid. "The Role and Controversies of Electroencephalogram in Focal versus Generalized Epilepsy." Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy 10, no. 02 (2021): 058–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1722869.

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AbstractAs early in 1935, Gibbs et al described electroencephalogram (EEG) features of large slow waves seen in “petit mal” seizures and change in background rhythm to a higher frequency, greater amplitude pattern in “grand mal” seizures. Studies have shown many typical EEG features in focal onset as well as generalized epilepsies.2 3 It is usually easy to delineate focal epilepsy cases when EEG onset of seizures is clear as seen in Benign focal epileptiform discharges of childhood.4 However, it is not uncommon to see cases where epileptiform discharges are not very clear. For example, there c

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Batyrov, M. "Focal Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Analysis of Clinical and Anamnestic Data and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Anti-epileptic Therapy." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 4 (April 15, 2023): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/89/30.

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We studied clinical and anamnestic data and the effectiveness of anticonvulsants in 31 patients with focal temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizures in the form of isolated aura and non-motor seizures dominated at the onset of the disease (77%), which were regarded as non-epileptic paroxysms, and most patients (80%) sought medical help later than 6 months. Among non-motor seizures, it is worth noting the inhibition of behavioral reactions (22%), vegetative (42%) and mental seizures (13%). Automatisms was found in 18 (58%) patients, focal motor seizures in the form of a unilateral dystonic seizure in 9

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Yue, Zongwei, Isaac G. Freedman, Peter Vincent, et al. "Up and Down States of Cortical Neurons in Focal Limbic Seizures." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 5 (2019): 3074–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz295.

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Abstract Recent work suggests an important role for cortical–subcortical networks in seizure-related loss of consciousness. Temporal lobe seizures disrupt subcortical arousal systems, which may lead to depressed cortical function and loss of consciousness. Extracellular recordings show ictal neocortical slow waves at about 1 Hz, but it is not known whether these simply represent seizure propagation or alternatively deep sleep-like activity, which should include cortical neuronal Up and Down states. In this study, using in vivo whole-cell recordings in a rat model of focal limbic seizures, we d

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Urian, Flavius Iuliu, Corneliu Toader, Razvan-Adrian Covache Busuioc, et al. "Evaluating the Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation across ‘Minor’ and ‘Major’ Seizure Types: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes in Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14 (2024): 4114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144114.

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Background: Evaluating the differential impact of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy across various seizure types, our study explores its efficacy specifically in patients with categorized minor and major seizures. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 76 patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy treated at the University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest between 2021 and 2024. Seizures were classified as ‘minor’ (including focal-aware and non-motor/absence seizures) and ‘major’ (including focal to bilateral tonic-clonic and generalized motor seizures), based on modified

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Sabol, Z., M. Kovač Šižgorić, and F. Sabol. "Childhood absence epilepsy and electroencephalographic focal abnormalities with or without clinical manifestations." Paediatria Croatica 53, no. 3 (2009): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13112/pc.871.

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Introduction: Evidence of focal electrocortical discharges, with or without evident partial seizures in patients with childhood absence epilepsies (CAE) is rare, but possible. The aim of this study was to establish the frequency of focal electroencephalographic discharges with or without clinical evidence in children with CAE and to explore the clinical course in patients with two types of epileptic seizures: simple absences and partial seizures. Patients and methods: During a 10-year period (1998-2008) we treated and followed-up 66 patients (35 girls and 31 boy), from 1.8 to 13 years of age (

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Radu, Madalina, Eugenia Roza, Daniel Mihai Teleanu, and Raluca Ioana Teleanu. "Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus – an overview." Romanian Journal of Neurology 20, no. 1 (2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2021.1.3.

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Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is characterized by a group of genetic epilepsies associated predominately with an autosomal dominant pattern, but also with de novo and autosomal-recessive inheritance, these last two found in a small number of cases. It was believed that GEFS+ is associated only with generalized seizures, but now the term “genetic epilepsy” is preferred because it has been demonstrated that GEFS+ is associated with both generalized and focal seizures. The “GEFS+ family” was defined as a family with more than two individuals with GEFS+ phenotypes, including

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Ng, Marcus, and Milena Pavlova. "Why Are Seizures Rare in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep? Review of the Frequency of Seizures in Different Sleep Stages." Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2013 (June 18, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/932790.

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Since the formal characterization of sleep stages, there have been reports that seizures may preferentially occur in certain phases of sleep. Through ascending cholinergic connections from the brainstem, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is physiologically characterized by low voltage fast activity on the electroencephalogram, REMs, and muscle atonia. Multiple independent studies confirm that, in REM sleep, there is a strikingly low proportion of seizures (~1% or less). We review a total of 42 distinct conventional and intracranial studies in the literature which comprised a net of 1458 patients.

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Coppola, A., S. Izumoto, X. Rodríguez-Osorio, et al. "P11.08.A Clinical practice evidence for perampanel in epilepsy patients with tumour aetiology." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (2022): ii56—ii57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.197.

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Abstract Background Real-world studies can provide information on those patients routinely excluded from clinical trials such as epilepsy patients with tumour aetiology. Perampanel (PER) is a once-daily oral anti-seizure medication for focal-onset seizures, with or without focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, and generalised tonic-clonic seizures. This study evaluated PER’s effectiveness and safety when used in everyday clinical practice to treat epilepsy patients with tumour aetiology. Material and Methods Patients with epilepsy with tumour aetiology were identified from a pooled analysi

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Naik, Manjiri, Abhay Bhosale, Umar Quadri, et al. "Moya Moya Disease Presenting as Focal Seizures." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 8 (2024): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24729204523.

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Sperling, Michael R., William E. Rosenfeld, John Watson, and Pavel Klein. "Seizure freedom and reducing the risk of sudden unexpected death in patients with focal epilepsy treated with cenobamate or other antiseizure medications." Epilepsia 66, S1 (2025): 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.18307.

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AbstractPeople with epilepsy who have uncontrolled seizures are at increased risk of all‐cause mortality, injuries, comorbidities, mood and psychosocial disorders, and diminished quality of life. For those with focal epilepsy, focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) pose the greatest risk for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), a leading cause of premature mortality in people with epilepsy. Cenobamate is a third‐generation antiseizure medication with demonstrated efficacy in controlling focal seizures, including FBTCS, in people with drug‐resistant epilepsy. Treatment with ce

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Blume, Warren T. "Hyperventilation, More than Just Hot Air." Epilepsy Currents 6, no. 3 (2006): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7511.2006.00103.x.

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Hyperventilation Revisited: Physiological Effects and Efficacy on Focal Seizure Activation in the Era of Video-EEG Monitoring Guaranha MS, Garzon E, Buchpiguel CA, Tazima S, Yacubian EM, Sakamoto AC Epilepsia 2005;46(1):69–75 Purpose Hyperventilation is an activation method that provokes physiological slowing of brain rhythms, interictal discharges, and seizures, especially in generalized idiopathic epilepsies. In this study, we assessed its effectiveness in inducing focal seizures during video-EEG monitoring. Methods We analyzed the effects of hyperventilation (HV) during video-EEG monitoring

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Schroeder, Gabrielle M., Beate Diehl, Fahmida A. Chowdhury, et al. "Seizure pathways change on circadian and slower timescales in individual patients with focal epilepsy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 20 (2020): 11048–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922084117.

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Personalized medicine requires that treatments adapt to not only the patient but also changing factors within each individual. Although epilepsy is a dynamic disorder characterized by pathological fluctuations in brain state, surprisingly little is known about whether and how seizures vary in the same patient. We quantitatively compared within-patient seizure network evolutions using intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings of over 500 seizures from 31 patients with focal epilepsy (mean 16.5 seizures per patient). In all patients, we found variability in seizure paths through the

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Tedyanto, Eric Hartono, Laurawati Chandra, and Olivia Mahardhani Adam. "Gambaran Penggunaan Obat Anti Epilepsi (OAE) pada Penderita Epilepsi Berdasarkan Tipe Kejang di Poli Saraf Rumkital DR. Ramelan Surabaya." Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma 9, no. 1 (2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v9i1.748.

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Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by attacks (seizures, fit, attack, spell) spontaneous (unprovoked) and periodically. The main treatment of epilepsy is with antiepileptic drugs. It was used the descriptive study design by using secondary data which taken at Medical Record Installation of Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital Surabaya from September-November 2018. The results showed that the percentage of focal seizures is 41%, seizures general is 36% and unclassified seizures is 23%. From 61 samples, the percentage of anti-epileptic drugs used are phenytoin (31.1%)

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Ogoke, Christian Chukwukere. "Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a clinico-electroencephalographic presentation of three cases from Nigeria." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 2 (2019): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190746.

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Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common benign, childhood, focal, seizure susceptibility syndrome presenting with mainly focal aware or focal impaired awareness autonomic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus that is under diagnosed in our locality. Increased awareness through reporting will aid diagnosis, reduce misdiagnosis and prevent aggressive and deleterious interventions. The classic clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features of three cases are described and the literature reviewed. The aim is to underscore the presence in our locality of this remarkably benign epileptic

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Englot, Dario J., Kunal P. Raygor, Annette M. Molinaro, et al. "Factors Associated With Failed Focal Neocortical Epilepsy Surgery." Neurosurgery 75, no. 6 (2014): 648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000530.

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Abstract Background: Seizure outcomes after focal neocortical epilepsy (FNE) surgery are less favorable than after temporal lobectomy, and the reasons for surgical failure are incompletely understood. Few groups have performed an in-depth examination of seizure recurrences to identify possible reasons for failure. Objective: To elucidate factors contributing to FNE surgery failures. Methods: We reviewed resections for drug-resistant FNE performed at our institution between 1998 and 2011. We performed a quantitative analysis of seizure outcome predictors and a detailed qualitative review of fai

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Pawar, Sanjay Shamrao, and Sangeeta Rajendra Chougule. "Classification and Severity Measurement of Epileptic Seizure using Intracranial Electroencephalogram (iEEG)." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 2 (2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.b8249.1210220.

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The Epileptic seizure is one of major neurological brain disorders and about 50 million of world’s population is affected by it. Electroencephalography is medical test which records brain signal by mounting electrodes on scalp or brain cortex to diagnosis seizure. Scalp Electroencephalography has low spatial resolution and presence of external artifact as compared to Intracranial Electroencephalography. In Intracranial Electroencephalography strip, grid and depth type of electrodes are implanted on cortex of brain by surgery to measure brain signal. Analysis of brain signal was carried out in

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Sanjay, Shamrao Pawar, and Rajendra Chougule Sangeeta. "Classification and Severity Measurement of Epileptic Seizure using Intracranial Electroencephalogram (iEEG)." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) 10, no. 2 (2020): 36–41. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.B8249.1210220.

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The Epileptic seizure is one of major neurological brain disorders and about 50 million of world’s population is affected by it. Electroencephalography is medical test which records brain signal by mounting electrodes on scalp or brain cortex to diagnosis seizure. Scalp Electroencephalography has low spatial resolution and presence of external artifact as compared to Intracranial Electroencephalography. In Intracranial Electroencephalography strip, grid and depth type of electrodes are implanted on cortex of brain by surgery to measure brain signal. Analysis of brain signal was carried o

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Gibbs, Sarah N., Jiyoon Choi, Ibrahim Khilfeh, K. Hamzah Ahmed, Irina Yermilov, and Eric Segal. "The Humanistic and Economic Burden of Pediatric Focal Seizures in the United States." Journal of Child Neurology 35, no. 8 (2020): 543–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073820911785.

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Objective: To better understand the humanistic and economic burden of focal seizures in children 2-12 years old. Methods: We conducted a targeted literature review by searching MEDLINE for English-language publications reporting on children 2-12 years old with focal seizures published in the United States since 2008. Results: Thirty-five publications were included. Incidence of focal seizures was 23.2 to 47.1 per 100,000 children per year; prevalence was 2.0 per 1,000 children, and ranged from 1.6 - 2.6 per 1,000 in patients of any age. Life expectancy was 47.3-61.8 years among children 3-12 y

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Schroeder, Gabrielle M., Fahmida A. Chowdhury, Mark J. Cook, et al. "Multiple mechanisms shape the relationship between pathway and duration of focal seizures." Brain Communications, July 6, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcac173.

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Abstract A seizure’s electrographic dynamics are characterised by its spatiotemporal evolution, also termed dynamical “pathway,” and the time it takes to complete that pathway, which results in the seizure’s duration. Both seizure pathways and durations have been shown to vary within the same patient. However, it is unclear whether seizures following the same pathway will have the same duration or if these features can vary independently. We compared within-subject variability in these seizure features using 1) epilepsy monitoring unit intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings of 31 patients (mean 6.

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Mr., Sachin Upadhayay. "A Review on Focal Epilepsy: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Challenges, and Treatment Approaches." MAR Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychology 8, no. 4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13897754.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong> <em>Focal epilepsy, the most common type of epilepsy in adults, is distinguished by seizures that originate in a single area of one hemisphere of the brain. This study examines the clinical characteristics, underlying causes, and therapeutic options for focal epilepsy. The syndrome causes a variety of seizure forms, including focal aware seizures, focal seizures with decreased awareness, and subsequent generalized seizures. The aetiology is frequently complex, with structural brain abnormalities such as cortical malformations, traumatic traumas, infections, a

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Tani, Naoki, Maxine Dibué, Ryan Verner, et al. "One‐year seizure freedom and quality of life in patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy receiving adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation in Japan." Epilepsia Open, September 10, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/epi4.13025.

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AbstractObjectiveAmount of seizure‐free days is a critical determinant of quality of life (QoL) in patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE). The fractions of patients experiencing prolonged periods of seizure freedom with adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) have yet to be assessed on a large scale.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients in the Japanese VNS prospective observational registry who experienced at least 1 year of seizure freedom from all seizures, focal seizures, or tonic–clonic seizures (TCS), as well as patient‐reported change in QoL in these groups.ResultsThe study inc

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