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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Freedom”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Ahluwalia, Pal, and Toby Miller. "Negating freedom's freedom." Social Identities 16, no. 6 (2010): 715–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2010.534624.

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DeBode, Jason D., Dana L. Haggard, and K. Stephen Haggard. "Economic freedom and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions." International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 23, no. 1 (2019): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-11-2018-0124.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of broad cultural dimensions, as well as those of religion and legal origin, on countries’ economic freedom, i.e., trade freedom, investment freedom, business freedom, labor freedom, monetary freedom, as well as a composite measure of economic freedom. Design/methodology/approach Linear regression of publicly available data regarding economic freedom (Miller et al., 2018) on cultural dimensions (Hofstede, 2009), legal origin and religion (LaPorta et al., 1999) for 52 countries was performed to determine the impact of these facto

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Cobb, Jr., Charles. "Freedom's Struggle and Freedom Schools." Monthly Review 63, no. 3 (2011): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-063-03-2011-07_12.

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Ishchenko, Natal'ya Gennadievna. "Freedom of provision of services, freedom of establishment and freedom of movement of labor in the law of the Eurasian Economic Union." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 3 (March 2024): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2024.3.33900.

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This article is devoted to the analysis of the legal regulation of interrelated economic freedoms within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union: freedom to provide services, freedom of establishment and freedom of movement of labor. The author examines the content of these freedoms in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union, identifying the inherent features of these freedoms, as well as the criteria for their differentiation. The author refers to the experience of the European Union in the field under study not only to compare the provisions of the co

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Bezborodov, Yu S. "LEGAL-THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FREEDOM OF SPEECH IN THE UNIVERSAL AND REGIONAL DIMENSION: THE EDGE OF REASON." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 4 (2021): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-4-721-728.

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In the theory of law, freedom of speech, which has a long history of formation, continuing even now - with the crystallization of this freedom by international institutions, remains the most important and necessary element of the functioning of civil society and the building of the rule of law. In the legal plane, being initially enshrined at the international level - universal and regional - this freedom faces serious obstacles to its realization and protection at the national level, where it collides with other rights and freedoms, including freedom of religion, as well as with the interests

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Kuznetsov, Dmitry. "Freedoms Collide: Freedom of Expression and Freedom of Religion in Russia in Comparative Perspective." Russian Law Journal 2, no. 2 (2015): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17589/2309-8678-2014-2-2-75-100.

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Ahmed, Jabar Ismael. "The Concept of Freedom in liberalism’s Thought, for Instance: Friedrich .A. Von Hayek's Vision." Journal of University of Raparin 8, no. 2 (2021): 282–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(8).no(2).paper13.

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Liberalism thus views the concept of freedom as a fundamental element of its intellectual foundation and without access to and defense of freedom, there is no meaning for the existence and survival of liberals. Due to the wide range of views of liberalism and the differences of opinion of liberal thinkers and different trends, attitudes and views on different freedoms, for example some of the thinkers believe in the interference of the state power in personal freedoms with the goal of creating social justice and economic justice and so on..., such as the thinkers of the Social liberal trend in

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Sobczak, Jacek. "Obraza uczuć religijnych a wolność sztuki i ekspresji artystycznej." Themis Polska Nova 8, no. 1 (2015): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/tpn2015.1.05.

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The offense against religious feelings expressed in the text of Art. 196 of PC is strongly embedded in the constitutional liberties and freedoms and human rights of both the Council of Europe and the European Union. Freedom of conscience and religion, which originated in the wording of Art. 196 of PC remains in antinomy to other constitutional values protected by both international acts such as freedom of expression, freedom of artistic expression, the freedom to teach and freedom to enjoy cultural heritage. This requires balancing the content of these freedoms. At present stage there is yet n

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Omolewa, Michael, and Ruphina U. Nwachukwu. "Freedom: An African Perspective." Paragrana 32, no. 1 (2023): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2023-0010.

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Abstract This paper offers a comprehensive discussion on the concept of Africa and freedom, freedoms in indigenous Africa, literacy and freedom from external forces, freedom under colonial rule, the role of World War II, decolonization and the Independence Movement in Africa, independent African and new challenges for freedom and finally a way forward.

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Rzayeva, Gulnaz, та Turkana Babayeva. "Yaradıcılıq azadlığının təminatının hüquqi və təcrübi aspektləri". Azerbaijani Lawyer Journal 24, № 2 (2024): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.61638/rlnh4623.

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The freedom of creativity, which is established in different forms in various legal regulations, is considered one of the main freedoms related to the development of the material and spiritual existence of a person due to its characteristics. In the modern era, digitalization processes and the transition to the information society have conditioned this freedom to take a new form, to include not only artistic works, but a wider content. The article analyzes the nature of freedom of creativity, its main elements, mechanisms of legal protection, as well as the interaction of this freedom with oth

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Rollin, Bernard E. "Veterinary ethics and production diseases." Animal Health Research Reviews 10, no. 2 (2009): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252309990168.

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AbstractAn animal's welfare should be governed by five freedoms, namely, freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury or disease, freedom to express normal behavior and freedom from fear and distress. If the essence of veterinary medicine is to act like a physician for animals then the profession must be vocal in opposition to production diseases, which can be prevented by changing the system of production.

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Hartford, Robert. "A Political Standard for Absolute Political Freedom." Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 11, no. 1 (2011): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41560402.

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Abstract This paper derives political freedoms from the ethics of egoism, demonstrates the equivalence of absolute political freedom and Liberty, and advocates absolute political freedom as a moral ideal. Protection of voluntary consent along an individual's entire politically legitimate valuing chain provides a standard for identifying political freedoms. Actions meeting the standard are political freedoms. Actions violating the standard are violations of political freedom. As a political standard, protection of voluntary consent is presented as superior to either the non-initiation of force

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Hartford, Robert. "A Political Standard for Absolute Political Freedom." Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 11, no. 1 (2011): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jaynrandstud.11.1.0045.

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Abstract This paper derives political freedoms from the ethics of egoism, demonstrates the equivalence of absolute political freedom and Liberty, and advocates absolute political freedom as a moral ideal. Protection of voluntary consent along an individual's entire politically legitimate valuing chain provides a standard for identifying political freedoms. Actions meeting the standard are political freedoms. Actions violating the standard are violations of political freedom. As a political standard, protection of voluntary consent is presented as superior to either the non-initiation of force

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Ismailov, Nurmagomed Omarovich. "The relationship of human rights and freedoms in the context of justice." Философская мысль, no. 4 (April 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.4.70373.

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The problem of interrelation and interdependence of various human and civil rights and freedoms in the light of the concept of social justice is investigated. The problem of a fair measure of human and civil rights and freedoms is considered, it is argued that a fair measure of rights and freedoms in any sphere of human activity should initially proceed from the idea of natural human rights to life, freedom and property, but this measure should be conditioned by the concrete historical realities of a given society. The author considers social justice as a measure of freedom. In the course of r

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Newman, Dwight. "Freedom of Thought in Canada: The History of a Forgetting and the Potential of a Remembering." European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance 8, no. 2-3 (2021): 226–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134514-bja10017.

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Abstract Canada has a constitutional freedom of thought clause that has received almost no attention. This article considers reasons behind this phenomenon and the future potential of the clause. Unlike many constitutional rights and freedoms in Canada, constitutionalised freedom of thought did not have precedents in prior Canadian human rights instruments. Rather, its precedents are in international human rights instruments, with Canadian drafters choosing to adopt this freedom into Canada’s 1982 Charter of Rights and Freedoms. For a complex set of reasons, almost no Canadian case law has dev

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Salehi Rad, Fatemeh, Seyed Reza Miri, and Behrooz Golpayegani. "Pathology of Violations of Individual and Group Freedoms in the Iranian Criminal System." Comparative Studies in Jurisprudence, Law, and Politics 6, no. 1 (2024): 328–38. https://doi.org/10.61838/csjlp.6.1.20.

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The desire for freedom has a history as long as human civilization itself. From the very beginning of creation and the emergence of the world, humans have sought freedom. In the course of their demands, the only factors limiting freedom have been the interests of other individuals, and gradually, societies and political systems. Essentially, laws have been enacted to limit freedoms. The concept of individual and group freedoms, and the examination of their boundaries, is as ancient as human history, yet remains novel and evolving. This is because, with the emergence of different political syst

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عبدالله الصواف, عبدالله ذنون. "The human right to travel and movement in public international law." Al-Kitab Journal for Human Sciences 4, no. 6 (2023): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/kjhs.4.6.10.

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Human is by nature a moving being who must move from one place to another as he wishes and at any time and by the means he wants, including to protect his physical and psychological health together, thus preparing the freedom of travel and movement from personal freedoms crisis to the human being and personal freedoms that are considered fundamental freedoms at the forefront of freedoms as a condition for the possibility of enjoying other rights and public freedoms, but it is the pillar on which all other freedoms recant, what is the value of man If he is not determined by the freedom to trave

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Ibrahim Hasanli, Farida. "LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE PRINCIPLE OF THE FREEDOM OF THE HIGH SEAS." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (2021): 405–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/405-407.

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The high sea is the part of the world's oceans that does not fall under the jurisdiction of any state and is open to the use of all states.As can be seen from the definition, the seabed and ocean floor are not included in the concept of open sea due to their special legal status.No state can subjugate any part of the high seas to its sovereignty.The high seas are free for both coastal states and landlocked states. The legal regime of the high seas includes the following freedoms: 1) freedom of navigation; 2) freedom of flight; 3) freedom of fishing; 4) freedom of laying submarine cables and pi

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Boyd, Richard. "THE MADISONIAN PARADOX OF FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION." Social Philosophy and Policy 25, no. 2 (2008): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052508080254.

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Freedom of association holds an uneasy place in the pantheon of liberal freedoms. Whereas freedom of association and the abundant plurality of groups that accompany it have been embraced by modern and contemporary liberals, this was not always the case. Unlike more canonical freedoms of speech, press, property, petition, assembly, and religious conscience, the freedom of association was rarely extolled by classical liberal thinkers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Indeed Thomas Hobbes, David Hume, Adam Smith, and others seem to have regarded freedom of association with some trepida

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Li, Zheng, and John A. Edwards. "The Negative Relationship Between Threats and Endorsement of Freedom." Social Cognition 42, no. 5 (2024): 446–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2024.42.5.446.

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The effect of threats on endorsement of freedom has rarely been studied. Studies on hierarchy and uncertainty have implied that people may forsake freedom to gain certainty and control. The research described in this article aimed to test the idea that threats make people endorse freedom less because they make insecurity more salient, which in turn draws attention to the negative aspects of freedom. Two studies tested the hypothesis that threats will be negatively associated with endorsement of different freedoms. People indicated less endorsement of Positive Freedom (i.e., freedom to behave a

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Strilets, Bohdan. "Correlation between freedom of capital movement and freedom of establishment in European Union law." Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava”, no. 34 (August 1, 2023): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/1563-3349-2023-34-627-637.

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The study highlights the correlation between freedom of movement of capital and freedom of establishment in the law of the European Union, taking into the account modern case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The author analyses the case law of the CJEU in the context of determining the scope of application of freedom of movement of capital and freedom of establishment in certaincases, including decisions made in 2021 and 2022. The author identifies the factorswhich are taken into account by the CJEU when determining whether to give preference to the application of a pa

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Sobczak, Jacek. "Wolność wypowiedzi a zjawisko manipulacji przekazem prasowym." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 3 (November 2, 2018): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2012.17.3.2.

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The legal concept of human liberties and rights, including freedom of speech, is secondary to philosophical assumptions. Certainty of where the border between authority and freedom lies leaves the issue of the actual range of freedom unresolved. There is no, and there can be no absolute freedom, and the borders of every freedom are defined by legal regulations. This raises the question of whether a democratic state, a state of law, can make regulations in the realm of human rights and freedoms. In international relations, human rights are the foundation of all humanitarian law. There can be no

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Maira, Sunaina. "Freedom to Move, Freedom to Stay, Freedom to Return." Radical History Review 2019, no. 135 (2019): 138–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-7607884.

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Abstract This article focuses on the sanctuary movement in the United States and Europe, putting into conversation with one another migrant solidarity activists from different national contexts. This transnational roundtable draws on interviews with activists in the San Francisco Bay Area as well as in the United Kingdom and Switzerland, and on a workshop on sanctuary activism that involved forty activists from the Bay Area, Europe, and Australia. The article explores the meaning of sanctuary in these different locations and the strategies used by activists to create various forms of sanctuary

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Костић, Немања. "Хришћанска слобода и модерна слобода: две антропологије". Theological Views – Religious and Scientific Journal / Теолошки погледи – версконаучни часопис LIV, № 3 (2021): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46825/tv/2021-3-465-482.

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The paper presents the analysis of Christian and modern ideas of freedom. The first part denotes fundamental elements of the Christian idea of freedom as it can be found in the theology of Saint Apostle Paul, notably the idea of liberation from sin, and Paul’s views on how to live this freedom. In the second part, we have the analysis of the key aspects of modernity, such as rationalism, autonomy, and the notion of human rights, and how these ideas influenced the formulation of the modern idea of freedom. In the third part, the Christian and the modern ideas of freedom are analyzed in the ligh

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Razumov, Alexander S. "Movement toward Freedom: Myth and Reality." Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences 62, no. 10 (2019): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.30727/0235-1188-2019-62-10-84-101.

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The problem of freedom is researched in various ways by the religions of the world, by the scientific theories and by the mythological consciousness of people. The article pays great attention to the myth and its influence on the realm of freedom and on our interpretation of reality. The author understands a myth as a certain free fiction of a man in order to interpret reality in his own way and sometimes to create his own artistic image of the world. Often the myth stimulates the ability of the imagination and thus it participates in the creation and existence of personality. It is argued tha

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Овчинникова, Ю. В. "Академические свободы в системе конституционных прав и свобод". СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРАВО, № 7-8 (19 серпня 2019): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.25799/ni.2019.19.75.020.

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В статье проводится анализ правового института академических свобод. Опираясь на международные акты, российское законодательство, научные подходы к классификации прав человека, автор определяет место институциональной автономии, свободы преподавания, свободы учения, свободы научных исследований в системе прав и свобод человека в целом. Констатируется, что академическая свобода относится к числу культурных специальных прав человека, не зависит от гражданства, может принадлежать как отдельному лицу, так и академическому сообществу. Выстраиваются взаимосвязи академической свободы с такими смежным

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BRAHAM, MATTHEW. "MEASURING SPECIFIC FREEDOM." Economics and Philosophy 22, no. 3 (2006): 317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267106001003.

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This paper is about the measurement of specific freedoms – the freedom of an agent to undertake some particular action. In a recent paper, Dowding and van Hees discuss the need for, and general form of, a “freedom function” that assigns a value between 0 and 1 to a freedom or right and that describes the expectation that a person may have about being in a position to exercise (“being free to perform”) that freedom or right. An examination of the literature shows that there is as yet no agreed framework for defining such a function. Based on the framework of a game form, I develop a very simple

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Swaine, Lucas. "Freedom of Thought as a Basic Liberty." Political Theory 46, no. 3 (2016): 405–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0090591716676293.

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Freedom of thought has been lauded in political theory and celebrated in human rights discourse. But what kind of freedom is it? I propose that freedom of thought deserves status as a basic liberty, given the significance of thought to human life, the fundamental importance of freedom of thought in establishing and sustaining crucial rights and freedoms, and the value of being able to develop and experience one’s thoughts without undue influence from others.

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Alston, Ken. "The right to academic freedom in South African schools." Acta Academica: Critical views on society, culture and politics 39, no. 2 (2007): 158–79. https://doi.org/10.38140/aa.v39i2.1144.

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The right to academic freedom is a contested one, often held to exist only in the context of tertiary education. However, the South African Constitution imposes no such restriction: Section 16(1)(d) declares that everyone has the right to academic freedom. This article presents and seeks to substantiate the case for the application of academic freedom in the school context, and specifically within secondary education. Freedom of expression, which includes academic freedom, may be said to be a freedom without which other freedoms could not survive. The specific element of expression, the right

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Nuzzo, Beata. "La libertà economica durante il COVID-19 in Italia – i condizionamenti e le limitazioni." Acta Iuridica Resoviensia 35, no. 4 (2021): 292–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/actaires.2021.4.21.

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Italian society, like other liberal-minded societies, has been faced with the health emergency caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has led to drastic limitations on some fundamental constitutionally protected freedoms, including personal freedom, freedom of movement, freedom of assembly, as well as freedom of economic initiative, compressing them to the point of almost nullifying them. For this reason, the problem has arisen of establishing the boundaries within which the limitation, if not the deprivation, of those freedoms can be said to be compatible with the higher principles of the lega

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Blouet, Olwyn M. "Earning and Learning in the British West Indies: an Image of Freedom in the Pre-Emancipation Decade, 1823–1833." Historical Journal 34, no. 2 (1991): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00014199.

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In 1833 slavery was abolished in the British West Indian colonies. A labour system that had been in operation for two hundred years, ended. A campaign based on the concept of freedom came to fruition. The idea of freedom was central to enlightenment thought. Freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of conscience, freedom of movement, a free press, free trade and free labour were all part of enlightenment ideology. The institution of slavery, which limited all freedoms, came under pressure in an enlightened environment. Unlike the ancients who believed there could not be a civilized soci

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Hemphill, Ailsa. "Voicing freedom." Groundings Undergraduate 6 (April 1, 2013): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36399/groundingsug.6.226.

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Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s A Grain of Wheat is set in Kenya in 1963, the year the country became independent from the British. It depicts both colonisers and colonised, and explores the workings of power both before and after independence, unsettling the notion that gaining independence can be equated with gaining freedom. Drawing from the political philosopher Isaiah Berlin’s concerns about the dangers of conflating status with freedom, this article reflects on the workings of colonial and neo-colonial power in the novel. There are parallels between the coloniser/colonised dynamics of A Grain of Whe

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Burke, Anthony. "Freedom's Freedom: American Enlightenment and Permanent War." Social Identities 11, no. 4 (2005): 315–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504630500356322.

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Sedletchi, Nicolae. "The right to freedom of conscience - dimensions conceptual-legal." Vector European, no. 2 (January 2023): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52507/2345-1106.2022-2.06.

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Freedom of conscience and religion is a natural right, which is meant to recognize and protect the human person as an autonomous spiritual being, as a free man. It is relevant to note that already at the beginning of the 20th century freedom of conscience and religion was seen as one of the most important personal spiritual freedoms. Freedom of conscience as a natural right exists independently of any regulation. However, in order to enshrine it in principle, to arrange it and to ensure its respect, the intervention of the state is mandatory. By conferring the normative aspect on freedom of co

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Jomma, Fuad. "Ograniczenie wolności i praw a migracje syryjskich Kurdów." Politeja 21, no. 1(88/3) (2024): 25–39. https://doi.org/10.12797/politeja.21.2024.88.3.02.

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RESTRICTION OF FREEDOMS AND RIGHTS VS. MIGRATION OF SYRIAN KURDSThis article focuses on analysing the factors pushing Kurds out of Syria. The starting point for the research is the analysis of negative, positive, and political freedom. The article puts forward the thesis that the restriction of freedom and rights of Kurds in Syria was a decisive factor pushing them out of the country. In this context, an attempt is made to answer the following questions: 1) what is positive and negative freedom?, 2) what freedoms and rights were guaranteed to the citizens by the constitution of Syria?, 3) how

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van Nieuwkoop, Roos. "Assassin’s Creed II: Exploring the Boundaries of Freedom in Videogames." Amsterdam Museum Journal 2, no. 2 (2024): 230–47. https://doi.org/10.61299/di456tey.

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Via means of Ubisoft’s action-adventure videogame Assassin’s Creed II (2009) this essay aims to determine and explore the extent to which freedom can be experienced in both a philosophical and algorithmic sense. Focusing on three modes—narrative, exploratory, and tactical freedoms—this essay examines how games like Minecraft, Skyrim, and Halo Wars embody these freedoms and compares them with Assassin’s Creed II as the main case study. Through the philosophies of Hegel, Sartre, and Foucault, alongside contemporary computer science theories, the analysis highlights how player agency and game des

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O'Neil, Robert M. "Artistic Freedom and Academic Freedom." Law and Contemporary Problems 53, no. 3 (1990): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1191796.

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Pettit, Philip. "Agency-Freedom and Option-Freedom." Journal of Theoretical Politics 15, no. 4 (2003): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951692803154003.

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Ringen, Stein. "Liberty, Freedom and Real Freedom." Czech Sociological Review 41, no. 5 (2005): 903–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/00380288.2005.41.5.08.

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Pettit, Philip. "Agency-freedom and option-freedom." Journal of Theoretical Politics 15, no. 4 (2003): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09516298030154003.

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Strossen, Nadine. "Academic Freedom and Artistic Freedom." Academe 79, no. 1 (1993): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40250436.

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Vivarelli, Roberto. "Political freedom and economic freedom." European Review 8, no. 2 (2000): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700004750.

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This article attempts to outline the development in our time of two ideas of freedom. At first, economic freedom depended on political freedom and the aim of both was moral improvement. From the beginning of the 20th century, economic freedom has become an end in itself and political freedom has given up any moral claim; both ideas of freedom are no longer what they were.

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Ringen, Stein. "Liberty, freedom and real freedom." Society 42, no. 3 (2005): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02802985.

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Taha, Suhaib Mustafa, and Nueman Mohammed Almas. "Freedom of Faith between the Quran and Islamic Jurisprudence." Journal of University of Human Development 3, no. 3 (2017): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v3n3y2017.pp536-561.

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This research focuses on freedom of faith between the holy Quran and Islamic jurisprudence. It explores the concept of freedom in general and the freedom of faith in particular to find out to what extent the holy Quran pays attention to these freedoms. The research then tries to find out to what extent these freedoms are reflected in the Islamic jurisprudence, focusing on certain jurisprudences that seem to contradict the holy Quran, such as Islamic jurisprudence regarding infidels and polytheists, apostates and dualist-infidels. The research concludes that there is a difference between the ex

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Przedańska, Justyna. "The faces of freedom in the concepts of a liberal and non-liberal state." Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 43, no. 1 (2021): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.43.1.10.

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The last decade has exposed the recession of freedom throughout the world. It arises from the latest Freedom in the World 2020 report that civil liberties and political rights have deteriorated in 64 countries, while only 37 have seen a slight improvement in these areas. The principles of liberal democracy (the rule of law, free elections, minority rights and freedom of expression) in Europe, historically the best-performing region in terms of freedom in the world, have come under serious pressure in recent years. In the article, starting from an analysis of the categories of freedom pre

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Soyu Yıldırım, Esra. "ARE ECONOMIC FREEDOMS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR AFFECTING INCOME INEQUALITY? AN EMPIRICAL APPLICATION ON TURKISH ECONOMY." Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi 23, no. 2 (2025): 90–104. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1653605.

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The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between economic freedom and income inequality in Turkey for the period 1995-2021. For this purpose, ARDL and Granger causality tests were applied. As a result of the analysis, there is a cointegration relationship between economic freedom index, GDP per capita, inflation, trade openness and income inequality. According to the findings, while the economic freedom index is statistically insignificant in the long run, other variables are significant. Moreover, economic freedom and trade openness have a negative effect on income inequality, whil

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Куц, Галина Михайлівна. "ІДЕЯ СВОБОДИ В ЛІБЕРАЛЬНОМУ ТА ДОЛІБЕРАЛЬНОМУ ДИСКУРСАХ". Сучасне суспільство: політичні науки, соціологічні науки, культурологічні науки 1, № 11 (2016): 102–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51239.

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<em>The liberal explication of a phenomenon of freedom is dominant in a modern political discourse. At the same time, essential influence on conceptualization of category of freedom was carried out by its pre-liberal version which, in particular, has been presented in works of the Neo-roman theorists. This interpretation became a basis of understanding of freedom in classical liberalism for which the tradition of judgment of freedom in a negative context (freedom was mainly peculiar from). In modern liberalism there is a concept of positive freedom (freedom for). Accordingly, freedom phenomeno

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MOKLIAK, V. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF ACADEMIC FREEDOMS AS AN ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE AUTONOMY OF A HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT." ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, no. 20 (November 22, 2017): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2017.20.209804.

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Academic freedom is a part of international educational law. It is interpreted as the principle on which the activities of leading world universities are built. Academic freedom dates back to the time of the emergence of universities and is closely linked to their autonomy and corporate rights. The University operates in the free influence environment. Its activities are designed to encourage researchers to have their critical and optimistic view of the monolith and unity of knowledge, so that they are aware of the values of human experience from the position of the university, and eventually

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Freiman, Christopher, and Javier Hidalgo. "Liberalism or Immigration Restrictions, but Not Both." Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 10, no. 2 (2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v10i2.99.

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This paper argues for a dilemma: you can accept liberalism or immigration restrictions, but not both. More specifically, the standard arguments for restricting freedom of movement apply equally to textbook liberal freedoms, such as freedom of speech, religion, occupation and reproductive choice. We begin with a sketch of liberalism’s core principles and an argument for why freedom of movement is plausibly on a par with other liberal freedoms. Next we argue that, if a state’s right to self-determination grounds a prima facie right to restrict immigration, then it also grounds a prima facie righ

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Pavlíček, Václav. "Ústavní problémy svobody projevu." AUC IURIDICA 42, no. 1 (2020): 109–14. https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2025.217.

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Freedom of Expression – being the political right defined in the article n. 17 of the Bill of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, is closely tied with the right for information. It may be a matter of disputes if it is a correct regulation, nevertheless it binds the state to protect this right. It is not the only article regulating the freedom of expression because the article n. 16 protects the freedom of everyone to practice his religion or beliefs. On the other hand, we can hardly accept the judgment of the Constitutional Court which finds the (petiční právo) to be just one aspect of the freedo

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