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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Galactic Outflow”

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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Tanner, Ryan, and Kimberly A. Weaver. "Simulations of AGN-driven Galactic Outflow Morphology and Content." Astronomical Journal 163, no. 3 (2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4d23.

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Abstract Using a series of 3D relativistic hydrodynamical simulations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) we investigate how AGN power, a clumpy interstellar medium (ISM) structure, and AGN jet angle with respect to the galactic disk affect the morphology and content of the resulting galactic outflow. For low-power AGN across three orders of magnitude of AGN luminosities (1041–1043 erg s−1) our simulations did not show significant changes to either the morphology or total mass of the outflow. Changing the angle of the AGN jet with respect to the galaxy did show small changes in the total outflow m

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Wu, Kinwah, Kaye Jiale Li, Ellis R. Owen, Li Ji, Shuinai Zhang, and Graziella Branduardi-Raymont. "Charge-exchange emission and cold clumps in multiphase galactic outflows." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 4 (2019): 5621–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3301.

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ABSTRACT Large-scale outflows from starburst galaxies are multiphase, multicomponent fluids. Charge-exchange lines that originate from the interfacing surface between the neutral and ionized components are a useful diagnostic of the cold dense structures in the galactic outflow. From the charge-exchange lines observed in the nearby starburst galaxy M82, we conduct surface-to-volume analyses and deduce that the cold dense clumps in its galactic outflow have flattened shapes, resembling a hamburger or a pancake morphology rather than elongated shapes. The observed filamentary H α features are th

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Fluetsch, A., R. Maiolino, S. Carniani, et al. "Properties of the multiphase outflows in local (ultra)luminous infrared galaxies." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 4 (2021): 5753–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1666.

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ABSTRACT Galactic outflows are known to consist of several gas phases; however, the connection between these phases has been investigated little and only in a few objects. In this paper, we analyse Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE)/Very Large Telescope (VLT) data of 26 local (U)LIRGs and study their ionized and neutral atomic phases. We also include objects from the literature to obtain a sample of 31 galaxies with spatially resolved multiphase outflow information. We find that the ionized phase of the outflows has on average an electron density three times higher than the disc (ne,disc

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Mao, Junjie. "Density diagnostics of photoionized outflows in active galactic nuclei." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S350 (2019): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319007750.

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AbstractPhotoionized outflows in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are thought to influence their circumnuclear and host galactic environment. However, the distance of the outflow with respect to the black hole is poorly constrained, which limits our understanding of the kinetic power by the outflow. Therefore, the impact of AGN outflows on their host galaxies is uncertain. If the density of the outflow is known, its distance can be derived. Density measurement via variability studies and density sensitive lines have been used, albeit not very effective in the X-ray band. Good measurements are rat

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5

Ishibashi, W., A. C. Fabian, and N. Arakawa. "AGN-driven galactic outflows: comparing models to observations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 3 (2021): 3638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab266.

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ABSTRACT The actual mechanism(s) powering galactic outflows in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is still a matter of debate. At least two physical models have been considered in the literature: wind shocks and radiation pressure on dust. Here, we provide a first quantitative comparison of the AGN radiative feedback scenario with observations of galactic outflows. We directly compare our radiation pressure-driven shell models with the observational data from the most recent compilation of molecular outflows on galactic scales. We show that the observed dynamics and energetics of galactic outflows

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6

Tokuda, Kazuki, Sarolta Zahorecz, Yuri Kunitoshi, et al. "The First Detection of a Protostellar CO Outflow in the Small Magellanic Cloud with ALMA." Astrophysical Journal Letters 936, no. 1 (2022): L6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac81c1.

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Abstract Protostellar outflows are one of the most outstanding features of star formation. Observational studies over the last several decades have successfully demonstrated that outflows are ubiquitously associated with low- and high-mass protostars in solar-metallicity Galactic conditions. However, the environmental dependence of protostellar outflow properties is still poorly understood, particularly in the low-metallicity regime. Here we report the first detection of a molecular outflow in the Small Magellanic Cloud with 0.2 Z ⊙, using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observati

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7

Mitchell, Peter D., Joop Schaye, Richard G. Bower, and Robert A. Crain. "Galactic outflow rates in the EAGLE simulations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 3 (2020): 3971–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa938.

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ABSTRACT We present measurements of galactic outflow rates from the eagle suite of cosmological simulations. We find that gas is removed from the interstellar medium (ISM) of central galaxies with a dimensionless mass loading factor that scales approximately with circular velocity as $V_{\mathrm{c}}^{-3/2}$ in the low-mass regime where stellar feedback dominates. Feedback from active galactic nuclei causes an upturn in the mass loading for halo masses ${\gt}10^{12} \, \mathrm{M_\odot }$. We find that more gas outflows through the halo virial radius than is removed from the ISM of galaxies, par

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8

Takasao, Shinsuke, Yuri Shuto, and Keiichi Wada. "Spontaneous Formation of Outflows Powered by Rotating Magnetized Accretion Flows in a Galactic Center." Astrophysical Journal 926, no. 1 (2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac38a8.

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Abstract We investigate how magnetically driven outflows are powered by a rotating, weakly magnetized accretion flow onto a supermassive black hole using axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Our proposed model focuses on the accretion dynamics on an intermediate scale between the Schwarzschild radius and the galactic scale, which is ∼1–100 pc. We demonstrate that a rotating disk formed on a parsec-scale acquires poloidal magnetic fields via accretion, and this produces an asymmetric bipolar outflow at some point. The formation of the outflow was found to follow the growth of strongly

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9

Barai, Paramita. "How to Simulate Galactic Outflows?" Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, S309 (2014): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314009971.

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AbstractA challenge in cosmological simulations is to formulate a physical model of star-formation (SF) and supernovae (SN) feedback which produces galactic outflows like that widely observed. In several models an outflow velocity (vout) and mass loading factor (η) are input to the sub-resolution recipe. We present results from our MUPPI model, which uses local properties of gas, and is able to develop galactic outflows whose properties correlate with global galaxy properties, consistent with observations; demonstrating a significant improvement in such work.

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10

Avery, Charlotte R., Stijn Wuyts, Natascha M. Förster Schreiber, et al. "Incidence, scaling relations and physical conditions of ionized gas outflows in MaNGA." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 4 (2021): 5134–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab780.

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ABSTRACT In this work, we investigate the strength and impact of ionized gas outflows within z ∼ 0.04 MaNGA galaxies. We find evidence for outflows in 322 galaxies ($12{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the analysed line-emitting sample), 185 of which show evidence for hosting an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Most outflows are centrally concentrated with a spatial extent that scales sublinearly with Re. The incidence of outflows is enhanced at higher masses, central surface densities, and deeper gravitational potentials, as well as at higher star formation rate (SFR) and AGN luminosity. We quantify stro

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11

Xu, Xinfeng, Timothy Heckman, Alaina Henry, et al. "CLASSY III. The Properties of Starburst-driven Warm Ionized Outflows*." Astrophysical Journal 933, no. 2 (2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6d56.

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Abstract We report the results of analyses of galactic outflows in a sample of 45 low-redshift starburst galaxies in the COS Legacy Archive Spectroscopic SurveY (CLASSY), augmented by five additional similar starbursts with Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) data. The outflows are traced by blueshifted absorption lines of metals spanning a wide range of ionization potential. The high quality and broad spectral coverage of CLASSY data enable us to disentangle the absorption due to the static interstellar medium (ISM) from that due to outflows. We further use different line multiplets and doublet

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12

Skretas, I. M., and L. E. Kristensen. "Connecting Galactic and extragalactic outflows: From the Cygnus-X cluster to active galaxies." Astronomy & Astrophysics 660 (April 2022): A39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141944.

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Context. Molecular outflows are commonly detected originating from both protostellar and extragalactic sources. Separate studies of low-mass, isolated high-mass, and extragalactic sources reveal scaling relations connecting the force carried by an outflow and the properties of the source that drives it, as for example the mass and luminosity. Aims. The aim of this work is twofold: first, to examine the effects, if any, of clustered star formation on the protostellar outflows and their scaling relations and, second, to explore the possibility that outflows varying in scale and energetics by man

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13

Jana, Ranita, Siddhartha Gupta, and Biman B. Nath. "Role of cosmic rays in the early stages of galactic outflows." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 3 (2020): 2623–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2025.

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ABSTRACT Using an idealized set-up, we investigate the dynamical role of cosmic rays (CRs) in the early stages of galactic outflows for galaxies of halo masses 108, 1011, and 1012 M⊙. The outflow is launched from a central region in the galactic disc where we consider three different constant star formation rates (0.1, 1, and 10 $\mathrm{M}_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$) over a dynamical time-scale of 50 Myr. We determine the temperature distribution of the gas and find that CRs can reduce the temperature of the shocked gas, which is consistent with previous results. However, we show that CRs do

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14

Reichardt Chu, Bronwyn, Deanne B. Fisher, Alberto D. Bolatto, et al. "DUVET: Spatially Resolved Observations of Star Formation Regulation via Galactic Outflows in a Starbursting Disk Galaxy." Astrophysical Journal 941, no. 2 (2022): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca1bd.

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Abstract We compare 500 pc scale, resolved observations of ionized and molecular gas for the z ∼ 0.02 starbursting disk galaxy IRAS08339+6517, using measurements from KCWI and NOEMA. We explore the relationship of the star-formation-driven ionized gas outflows with colocated galaxy properties. We find a roughly linear relationship between the outflow mass flux ( Σ ̇ out ) and star formation rate surface density (ΣSFR), Σ ̇ out ∝ Σ SFR 1.06 ± 0.10 , and a strong correlation between Σ ̇ out and the gas depletion time, such that Σ ̇ out ∝ t dep − 1.1 ± 0.06 . Moreover, we find these outflows are

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15

Zubovas, Kastytis, and Emanuele Nardini. "Intermittent AGN episodes drive outflows with a large spread of observable loading factors." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 3 (2020): 3633–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2652.

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ABSTRACT The properties of large-scale galactic outflows, such as their kinetic energy and momentum rates, correlate with the luminosity of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). This is well explained by the wind-driven outflow model, where a fraction of the AGN luminosity drives the outflow. However, significant departures from these correlations have been observed in a number of galaxies. This may happen because AGN luminosity varies on a much shorter time-scale (∼104–105 yr) than outflow properties do (∼106 yr). We investigate the effect of AGN luminosity variations on outflow properties using

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Perrotta, Serena, Alison L. Coil, David S. N. Rupke, et al. "Kinematics, Structure, and Mass Outflow Rates of Extreme Starburst Galactic Outflows." Astrophysical Journal 949, no. 1 (2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc660.

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Abstract We present results on the properties of extreme gas outflows in massive (M * ∼ 1011 M ⊙), compact, starburst (star formation rate, SFR∼ 200 M ⊙ yr−1) galaxies at z = 0.4–0.7 with very high star formation surface densities (ΣSFR ∼ 2000 M ⊙ yr−1 kpc−2). Using optical Keck/HIRES spectroscopy of 14 HizEA starburst galaxies, we identify outflows with maximum velocities of 820–2860 km s−1. High-resolution spectroscopy allows us to measure precise column densities and covering fractions as a function of outflow velocity and characterize the kinematics and structure of the cool gas outflow ph

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Chisholm, John, Christy A. Tremonti, Claus Leitherer, and Yanmei Chen. "The mass and momentum outflow rates of photoionized galactic outflows." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 469, no. 4 (2017): 4831–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1164.

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Husemann, B., J. Scharwächter, T. A. Davis, et al. "The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS)." Astronomy & Astrophysics 627 (July 2019): A53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935283.

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Context. Galaxy-wide outflows driven by star formation and/or an active galactic nucleus (AGN) are thought to play a crucial rule in the evolution of galaxies and the metal enrichment of the inter-galactic medium. Direct measurements of these processes are still scarce and new observations are needed to reveal the nature of outflows in the majority of the galaxy population. Aims. We combine extensive, spatially-resolved, multi-wavelength observations, taken as part of the Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS), for the edge-on disc galaxy HE 1353−1917 in order to characterise the impact of the AGN

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Venturi, Giacomo, and Alessandro Marconi. "The physical properties and impact of AGN outflows from high to low redshift." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S359 (2020): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921320002203.

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AbstractFeedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) on their host galaxies, in the form of gas outflows capable of quenching star formation, is considered a major player in galaxy evolution. However, clear observational evidence of such major impact is still missing; uncertainties in measuring outflow properties might be partly responsible because of their critical role in comparisons with models and in constraining the impact of outflows on galaxies. Here we briefly review the challenges in measuring outflow physical properties and present an overview of outflow studies from high to low redshi

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Steinwandel, Ulrich P., Klaus Dolag, Harald Lesch, and Andreas Burkert. "Driving Galactic Outflows with Magnetic Fields at Low and High Redshift." Astrophysical Journal 924, no. 1 (2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2ffd.

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Abstract Although galactic outflows play a key role in our understanding of the evolution of galaxies, the exact mechanism by which galactic outflows are driven is still far from being understood and, therefore, our understanding of associated feedback mechanisms that control the evolution of galaxies is still plagued by many enigmas. In this work, we present a simple toy model that can provide insight on how non-axisymmetric instabilities in galaxies (bars, spiral arms, warps) can lead to local exponential magnetic field growth by radial flows beyond the equipartition value by at least two or

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Roos, Orianne, and Frédéric Bournaud. "Ultra-Fast Outflows in Typical Redshift 2 Star-Forming Galaxies." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S319 (2015): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315010340.

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AbstractGalactic outflows are observed in star-forming galaxies up to high redshift. Still, their physical origins are not well understood, and most simulations fail to reproduce all observed parameters from first principles. With the POGO simulations (Physical Origins of Galactic Outflows), we model AGN and stellar feedback (FB) based on physical assumptions, and investigate their impact on the outflow parameters and on the host-galaxy at very high resolution (1.5 pc). Here, we show that AGN and stellar FB couple non-linearly, and that the mass loading of the resulting outflow highly depends

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Roberts-Borsani, G. W. "Observational constraints on the multiphase nature of outflows using large spectroscopic surveys at z ∼ 0." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 3 (2020): 4266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1006.

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ABSTRACT Mass outflow rates and loading factors are typically used to infer the quenching potential of galactic-scale outflows. However, these generally rely on observations of a single gas phase that can severely underestimate the total ejected gas mass. To address this, we use observations of high mass (≥1010 M⊙), normal star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0 from the MaNGA, xCOLD GASS, xGASS, and ALFALFA surveys and a stacking of Na d, Hα, CO(1–0), and H i 21 cm tracers with the aim of placing constraints on an average, total mass outflow rate, and loading factor. We find detections of outflows in

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Maiolino, R., H. R. Russell, A. C. Fabian, et al. "Star formation inside a galactic outflow." Nature 544, no. 7649 (2017): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature21677.

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Lochhaas, Cassandra, Todd A. Thompson, and Evan E. Schneider. "The characteristic momentum of radiatively cooling energy-driven galactic winds." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 3 (2021): 3412–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1101.

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ABSTRACT Energy injection by supernovae may drive hot supersonic galactic winds in rapidly star-forming galaxies, driving metal-enriched gas into the circumgalactic medium and potentially accelerating cool gas. If sufficiently mass-loaded, such flows become radiative within the wind-driving region, reducing the overall mass outflow rate from the host galaxy. We show that this sets a maximum on the total outflow momentum for hot energy-driven winds. For a spherical wind of Solar metallicity driven by continuous star formation, $\dot{p}_\mathrm{max} \simeq 1.9\times 10^4\ M_\odot \ \mathrm{yr}^{

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Deng, Hui-Hong, and De-Fu Bu. "Hot Accretion Flow in Two-Dimensional Spherical Coordinates: Considering Pressure Anisotropy and Magnetic Field." Universe 5, no. 9 (2019): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5090197.

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For systems with extremely low accretion rate, such as Galactic Center Sgr A* and M87 galaxy, the ion collisional mean free path can be considerably larger than its Larmor radius. In this case, the gas pressure is anisotropic to magnetic field lines. In this paper, we pay attention to how the properties of outflow change with the strength of anisotropic pressure and the magnetic field. We use an anisotropic viscosity to model the anisotropic pressure. We solve the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in spherical coordinates and assume that the accretion flow is radially self-si

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Dorfi, Ernst A., and Daniel Steiner. "High-energy particles from SN-explosions near the Galactic center." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S303 (2013): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314001124.

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AbstractSeveral supernovae exploding in a compact cluster of massive stars generate a galactic outflow with embedded shock waves. Based on numerical simulations for an expanding superbubble above the Galactic center we find that these individual waves generated by the repeated SN-explosions, interact with each other and finally coalesce into a single strong shock at a distance of 5 kpc above the Galactic plane at about 5 ċ 106 years after outbreak. The resulting shock with a Mach number M ≃ 10 propagates up to 100 kpc in less than 108 years. The time-dependent mass an energy loss out of the su

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Lutz, D., E. Sturm, A. Janssen, et al. "Molecular outflows in local galaxies: Method comparison and a role of intermittent AGN driving." Astronomy & Astrophysics 633 (January 2020): A134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936803.

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We report new detections and limits from a NOEMA and ALMA CO(1-0) search for molecular outflows in 13 local galaxies with high far-infrared surface brightness, and combine these with local universe CO outflow results from the literature. The CO line ratios and spatial outflow structure of our targets provide some constraints on the conversion steps from observables to physical quantities such as molecular mass outflow rates. Where available, ratios between outflow emission in higher J CO transitions and in CO(1-0) are typically consistent with excitation Ri1 ≲ 1. However, for IRAS 13120−5453,

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Igarashi, Asuka, Masao Mori, and Shin-ya Nitta. "Transonic galactic outflows in a dark matter halo with a central black hole." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29B (2015): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316006645.

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AbstractWe study fundamental properties of transonic galactic outflows in the gravitational potential of a cold dark matter halo (DMH) with a central super-massive black hole (SMBH) assuming an isothermal, steady and spherically symmetric state. Transonic solutions of galactic outflows are classified according to their topological features. As result, we find two types of transonic solutions distinguished by a magnitude relationship between the gravity of DMH and that of SMBH. The loci of transonic points for two types are different; one transonic point is formed at a central region (< 0.01

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Hogarth, L. M., A. Saintonge, L. Cortese, et al. "Centrally concentrated molecular gas driving galactic-scale ionized gas outflows in star-forming galaxies." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 3 (2020): 3802–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3512.

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ABSTRACT We perform a joint analysis of high spatial resolution molecular gas and star-formation rate (SFR) maps in main-sequence star-forming galaxies experiencing galactic-scale outflows of ionized gas. Our aim is to understand the mechanism that determines which galaxies are able to launch these intense winds. We observed CO(1→0) at 1-arcsec resolution with ALMA in 16 edge-on galaxies, which also have 2-arcsec spatial-resolution optical integral field observations from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. Half the galaxies in the sample were previously identified as harbouring intense and large-scale ou

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Yaqoob, Tahir. "Mass outflow constraints in active nuclei and quasars from X-ray spectroscopy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S245 (2007): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308017882.

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AbstractAbsorption in the X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei from outflowing gas can be modeled to yield critical physical information on the outflows. The outflow rate of mass ejected back into the ISM of the host galaxy and the resulting feedback could potentially have an impact on evolution. We give a brief overview of the current observational constraints on the outflows that should be taken into account by models of evolution and feedback.

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Hamann, Fred, Nissem Kanekar, Jason X. Prochaska, et al. "New Results on Quasar Outflows." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S267 (2009): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310006836.

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AbstractAccretion disk outflows are an important part of the quasar phenomenon. They might play a major role in distributing metals to the galactic surroundings, halting growth of the central black hole and providing kinetic energy “feedback” to regulate star formation in the host galaxies. Some models of galaxy evolution indicate that feedback requires kinetic energy luminosities, LK, that are ~5% of the quasar bolometric; LK/L = Ṁwν2/2η:Ṁaccc2 ~ 5% is possible if Ṁw ~ Ṁacc (with ν~ 0.1c, and η ~ 0.1). Here we describe results from two studies designed to test the theoretical energetics of ra

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Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique. "The Magnetic Fields of Starburst Galaxies. I. Identification and Characterization of the Thermal Polarization in the Galactic Disk and Outflow." Astrophysical Journal 953, no. 1 (2023): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace110.

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Abstract Far-infrared polarized emission by means of magnetically aligned dust grains is an excellent tracer of the magnetic fields (B-fields) in the cold phase of the galactic outflows of starburst galaxies. We present a comprehensive study of the B-fields in three nearby (3.5–17.2 Mpc) starbursts (M82, NGC 253, and NGC 2146) at 5 pc–1.5 kpc resolutions using publicly available 53–890 μm imaging polarimetric observations with Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy/HAWC+, James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/POL-2, and ALMA. We find that the polarized spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of

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Davis, Julie D., Christy A. Tremonti, Cameren N. Swiggum, et al. "Extending the Dynamic Range of Galaxy Outflow Scaling Relations: Massive Compact Galaxies with Extreme Outflows." Astrophysical Journal 951, no. 2 (2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/accbbf.

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Abstract We investigate galactic winds in the HizEA galaxies, a collection of 46 late-stage galaxy mergers at z = 0.4–0.8, with stellar masses of log ( M * / M ⊙ ) = 10.4 – 11.5 , star formation rates (SFRs) of 20–500 M ⊙ yr−1, and ultra-compact (a few 100 pc) central star-forming regions. We measure their gas kinematics using the Mg ii λ λ 2796,2803 absorption lines in optical spectra from MMT, Magellan, and Keck. We find evidence of outflows in 90% of targets, with maximum outflow velocities of 550–3200 km s−1. We combine these data with ten samples from the literature to construct scaling r

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Zabl, Johannes, Nicolas F. Bouché, Ilane Schroetter, et al. "MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) IV. A two sightline tomography of a galactic wind." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 3 (2019): 4576–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3607.

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ABSTRACT Galactic outflows are thought to eject baryons back out to the circumgalactic medium. Studies based on metal absorption lines (Mg ii in particular) in the spectra of background quasars indicate that the gas is ejected anisotropically, with galactic winds likely leaving the host in a bi-conical flow perpendicular to the galaxy disc. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of an outflow from a z = 0.7 ‘green-valley’ galaxy [log (M*/M⊙) = 9.8; $\mbox{SFR}=0.5\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }\, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$] probed by two background sources from the MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) surve

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Morganti, Raffaella, Judit Fogasy, Zsolt Paragi, Tom Oosterloo, and Monica Orienti. "Radio Jets Clearing the Way Through a Galaxy: Watching Feedback in Action." Science 341, no. 6150 (2013): 1082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1240436.

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The energy released by an active galactic nucleus (AGN) has a strong impact on the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). This feedback is considered to be the regulating factor for the growth of the central massive black hole and for the rate of star formation in a galaxy. We have located, using very-long-baseline interferometry, the fast outflow of neutral hydrogen in the young, restarted radio-loud AGN 4C12.50. The outflow is located 100 parsec from the nucleus where the radio jet interacts with the ISM, as well as around the associated radio lobe. These observations show that the radio pla

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Yusef-Zadeh, F., R. G. Arendt, M. Wardle, and I. Heywood. "The Population of the Galactic Center Filaments: Position Angle Distribution Reveals a Degree-scale Collimated Outflow from Sgr A* along the Galactic Plane." Astrophysical Journal Letters 949, no. 2 (2023): L31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acd54b.

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Abstract We have examined the distribution of the position angle (PA) of the Galactic center filaments with lengths L > 66″ and <66″ as well as their length distribution as a function of PA. We find bimodal PA distributions of the filaments, and long and short populations of radio filaments. Our PA study shows the evidence for a distinct population of short filaments with PA close to the Galactic plane. Mainly thermal, short-radio filaments (<66″) have PAs concentrated close to the Galactic plane within 60° < PA < 120°. Remarkably, the short filament PAs are radial with respect

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Westmoquette, M. S., L. J. Smith, and J. S. Gallagher. "Studying the galactic outflow in NGC 1569." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 383, no. 3 (2007): 864–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12628.x.

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McClure-Griffiths, N. M., J. A. Green, A. S. Hill, et al. "ATOMIC HYDROGEN IN A GALACTIC CENTER OUTFLOW." Astrophysical Journal 770, no. 1 (2013): L4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/770/1/l4.

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Crenshaw, D. M. "ASTROPHYSICS: Mass Outflow in Active Galactic Nuclei." Science 292, no. 5521 (2001): 1500–1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1061145.

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Xu, Xinfeng, Timothy Heckman, Alaina Henry, et al. "CLASSY. VI. The Density, Structure, and Size of Absorption-line Outflows in Starburst Galaxies." Astrophysical Journal 948, no. 1 (2023): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbf46.

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Abstract Galaxy formation and evolution are regulated by the feedback from galactic winds. Absorption lines provide the most widely available probe of winds. However, since most data only provide information integrated along the line of sight, they do not directly constrain the radial structure of the outflows. In this paper, we present a method to directly measure the gas electron density in outflows (n e ), which in turn yields estimates of outflow cloud properties (e.g., density, volume filling factor, and sizes/masses). We also estimate the distance (r n ) from the starburst at which the o

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Keshet, Noa, and Ehud Behar. "Ionization Distributions in Outflows of Active Galaxies: Universal Trends and Prospect of Future XRISM Observations." Astrophysical Journal 934, no. 2 (2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c6b.

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Abstract The physics behind the ionization structure of outflows from black holes is yet to be fully understood. Using archival observations with the Chandra/HETG gratings over the past two decades, we measured an absorption measure distribution for a sample of outflows in nine active galactic nuclei (AGNs), namely the dependence of outflow column density, N H, on the ionization parameter, ξ. The slope of log N H versus log ξ is found to be between 0.00 and 0.72. We find an anticorrelation between the log of total column density of the outflow and the log of AGN luminosity, and none with the b

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Ryś, S., K. T. Chyży, M. Weżgowiec, M. Ehle, and R. Beck. "Extraplanar gas and magnetic fields in the cluster spiral galaxy NGC 4569." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S237 (2006): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392130700258x.

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AbstractThe Virgo Cluster spiral NGC 4569 is known for its compact starburst in the core and unusual outflow of Hα emitting gas perpendicular to the galaxy disk. Recent radio polarimetric observations with the Effelsberg telescope reveal huge magnetized outflows. Preliminary results of our XMM-Newton observations uncover not only hot gas in the disk but also an extensive X-ray envelope around it. We investigate the possibility of starburst-induced galactic outflows in various gas phases and cluster influence on the galaxy evolution.

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Igarashi, Asuka, Masao Mori, and Shin-ya Nitta. "A new concept of transonic galactic outflows and its application to the Sombrero galaxy." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S321 (2016): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316011340.

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AbstractWe study fundamental properties of transonic galactic outflows in the gravitational potential of a cold dark matter halo (DMH) with a central super-massive black hole (SMBH) assuming a polytropic, steady and spherically symmetric state. We have classified the transonic solutions with respect to their topology in the phase space. As a result, we have found two types of transonic solutions characterized by a magnitude relationship between the gravity of DMH and that of SMBH. These two types of solutions have different loci of the transonic points; one transonic point is formed at a centr

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Barnes, David J., Rahul Kannan, Mark Vogelsberger, and Federico Marinacci. "Radiative AGN feedback on a moving mesh: the impact of the galactic disc and dust physics on outflow properties." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 1 (2020): 1143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa591.

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ABSTRACT Feedback from accreting supermassive black holes (BHs), active galactic nuclei (AGNs), is now a cornerstone of galaxy formation models. In this work, we present radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of radiative AGN feedback using the novel arepo-rt code. A central BH emits radiation at a constant luminosity and drives an outflow via radiation pressure on dust grains. Utilizing an isolated Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) halo we validate our set-up in the single- and multiscattering regimes, with the simulated shock front propagation in excellent agreement with the expected analytic result. Fo

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Butler, Kirsty M., Paul P. van der Werf, Theodoros Topkaras, et al. "Molecular Outflows in z > 6 Unobscured QSO Hosts Driven by Star Formation." Astrophysical Journal 944, no. 2 (2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acad03.

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Abstract Feedback and outflows in galaxies that are associated with a quasar phase are expected to be pivotal in quenching the most massive galaxies. However, observations targeting the molecular outflow phase, which dominates both the mass and momentum and removes the immediate fuel for star formation, are limited in high-z QSO hosts. Massive quiescent galaxies found at z ∼ 4 are predicted to have quenched star formation already by z ∼ 5 and undergone their most intense growth at z > 6. Here, we present two Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) detections of molecular outflow

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Andrews, H., E. De Beck, and P. Hirvonen. "Multiple components in the molecular outflow of the red supergiant NML Cyg." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 510, no. 1 (2021): 383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3244.

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ABSTRACT Despite their large impact on stellar and galactic evolution, the properties of outflows from red supergiants are not well characterized. We used the Onsala 20m telescope to perform a spectral survey at 3 and 4 mm (68–116 GHz) of the red supergiant NML Cyg, alongside the yellow hypergiant IRC + 10420. Our observations of NML Cyg were combined with complementary archival data to enable a search for signatures of morphological complexity in the circumstellar environment, using emission lines from 15 molecular species. The recovered parameters imply the presence of three distinct, cohere

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Sugahara, Yuma, Masami Ouchi, Yuichi Harikane, Nicolas Bouché, Peter D. Mitchell, and Jérémy Blaizot. "Galactic outflows in star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 6 studied with deep UV spectra and ALMA emission line." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S341 (2019): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319002126.

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AbstractWe present a velocity of galactic outflows in star-forming galaxies at the highest redshift, z ∼ 6, so far studied with metal absorption lines. Absorption-line studies of galactic outflows need well-determined redshifts, but there are few strong emission lines in the observed-frame optical spectra of galaxies at high redshifts. In this work, we use the systemic redshifts determined by the ALMA [CII]158 μm emission lines. The sample consists of seven Lyman break galaxies at 5.1 < z < 5.7 whose Keck/DEIMOS and ALMA data are available in the archive. The outflow maximum velocity (νm

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Yamasaki, Shotaro, Kazumi Kashiyama, and Kohta Murase. "Multi-wavelength constraints on the outflow properties of the extremely bright millisecond radio bursts from the galactic magnetar SGR 1935 + 2154." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 511, no. 3 (2022): 3138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac234.

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ABSTRACT Extremely bright coherent radio bursts with millisecond duration, reminiscent of cosmological fast radio bursts, were codetected with anomalously-hard X-ray bursts from a Galactic magnetar SGR 1935 + 2154. We investigate the possibility that the event was triggered by the magnetic energy injection inside the magnetosphere, thereby producing magnetically-trapped fireball (FB) and relativistic outflows simultaneously. The thermal component of the X-ray burst is consistent with a trapped FB with an average temperature of ∼200–300 keV and size of ∼105 cm. Meanwhile, the non-thermal compon

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Nelson, Dylan, Annalisa Pillepich, Volker Springel, et al. "First results from the TNG50 simulation: galactic outflows driven by supernovae and black hole feedback." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, no. 3 (2019): 3234–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2306.

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Abstract We present the new TNG50 cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation – the third and final volume of the IllustrisTNG project. This simulation occupies a unique combination of large volume and high resolution, with a 50 Mpc box sampled by 21603 gas cells (baryon mass of 8 × 104 M⊙). The median spatial resolution of star-forming interstellar medium gas is ∼100−140 pc. This resolution approaches or exceeds that of modern ‘zoom’ simulations of individual massive galaxies, while the volume contains ∼20 000 resolved galaxies with $M_\star \gtrsim 10^7$ M⊙. Herein we show first results f

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Kannan, R., M. Vogelsberger, F. Marinacci, L. V. Sales, P. Torrey, and L. Hernquist. "Dust entrainment in galactic winds." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 1 (2021): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab416.

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ABSTRACT Winds driven by stellar feedback are an essential part of the galactic ecosystem and are the main mechanism through which low-mass galaxies regulate their star formation. These winds are generally observed to be multiphase with detections of entrained neutral and molecular gas. They are also thought to enrich the circumgalactic medium around galaxies with metals and dust. This ejected dust encodes information about the integrated star formation and outflow history of the galaxy. Therefore it is important to understand how much dust is entrained and driven out of the disc by galactic w

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