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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "GNSS Techniques"
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Zubinaitė, Vilma, and George Preiss. "A PROPOSED SIMPLIFIED TECHNIQUE FOR CONFIRMING HIGH PRECISION GNSS ANTENNA OFFSETS." Aviation 14, no. 3 (2010): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aviation.2010.13.
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The purpose of this research was to independently investigate and determine confirmatory calibration procedures for GNSS antennas. This paper focuses on the aspect of simplified techniques for confirming high precision GNSS antenna offsets. In the other words, the aim is to verify GNSS antenna offset parameters ‐ results, which will be used to find the consequences on ground positions of orbital distortions caused by solar activity. It is well known that the computation of GNSS observations using high precision GNSS antennas requires knowledge of the relevant antenna phase centre offsets. These offsets are the distance in three dimensions from the antenna's physical centre to the point in space at which the antenna ‘measures’ position. The calibration processes used by manufacturers appear to vary, and, where receivers of different models are to be used together, it is essential that the calibration parameters used are all produced using the same methods and by the same authoritative sources. Meanwhile, with the growth in the use of high precision GNSS systems, the likelihood of antennas being accidentally mishandled is possibly higher than previously. Finally, it is noted that it has long been the practise for surveyors to check their instruments to ensure that they are properly calibrated. In the modern electronic age, however, it seems that this practise has been allowed to lapse as far as GNSS instrumentation is concerned. With the above in mind, it has been decided to attempt to create a simplified procedure for calibrating high precision GNSS antennas. The aim is that it will be possible for the average surveyor to check his antenna without great effort or trouble. The objective can also be described as finding a simplified field procedure to determine whether a specific antenna's offset parameters are within reasonable agreement with published figures. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamas supaprastintas metodas, kuriuo galima aprobuoti aukšto tikslumo globalines navigacines palydovines sistemos (GNPS) antenos nukrypimus. Siekiama patinkrinti GNPS antenos nukrypimo parametrus ‐ rezultatus, kurie bus naudojami nustatant GNPS palydovo orbitos iškraipymu padarinius. Nagrinejama procedūra, kai siekiama nustatyti, ar konkrečios GNPS antenos kalibravimo parametrai yra pagristi, palyginti su publikuotais duomenimis. Analizuojama problema yra aktuali, kai GNPS matavimams naudojamos aukšto tikslumo GNPS antenos ir reikalingos žinios, susijusios su antenos fazes centro nukrypimais.
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Qiu, Tongsheng, Xianyi Wang, Yueqiang Sun, et al. "An Innovative Signal Processing Scheme for Spaceborne Integrated GNSS Remote Sensors." Remote Sensing 15, no. 3 (2023): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030745.
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The vigorous development of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has led to a boom in GNSS radio occultation (GNSS RO) and GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) techniques. Consequently, we have proposed an innovative signal processing scheme for spaceborne integrated GNSS remote sensors (SIGRS), combining a GNSS RO and a GNSS-R module. In the SIGRS, the GNSS-R module shares one precise orbit determination (POD) module with the GNSS RO module, and the GNSS-R module first achieves compatibility with GPS, BDS, and Galileo. Moreover, the programmable non-uniform delay resolution was introduced and first used by the SIGRS to generate the output DDM, which achieves a high delay resolution in the DDM central region around the specular point to improve the accuracy of basic observables but requires fewer delay bins than the conventional DDM with uniform delay resolution. The SIGRS has been successfully used to design the GNOS II onboard the Chinese FY-3E satellite, and the results of in-orbit operation validate the performance of the SIGRS, which means the SIGRS is an economically and technically efficient design and has become the first successful signal processing scheme for spaceborne integrated GNSS remote sensors around the world.
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Kim, Hanjin, Chang-Uk Hyun, Hyeong-Dong Park, and Jongmun Cha. "Image Mapping Accuracy Evaluation Using UAV with Standalone, Differential (RTK), and PPP GNSS Positioning Techniques in an Abandoned Mine Site." Sensors 23, no. 13 (2023): 5858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135858.
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Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) provide a common positioning method that utilizes satellite signals to determine the spatial location of a receiver. However, there are several error factors in standalone GNSS positioning due to instrumental, procedural, and environmental factors that arise during the signal transmission process, and the final positioning error can be up to several meters or greater in length. Thus, real-time kinematic (RTK) correction and post-mission precise point positioning (PPP) processing technologies are proposed to improve accuracy and accomplish precise position measurements. To evaluate the geolocation accuracy of mosaicked UAV images of an abandoned mine site, we compared each orthomosaic image and digital elevation model obtained using standalone GNSS positioning, differential (RTK) GNSS positioning, and post-mission PPP processing techniques. In the three types of error evaluation measure (i.e., relative camera location error, ground control points-based absolute image mapping error, and volumetric difference of mine tailings), we found that the RTK GNSS positioning method obtained the best performance in terms of the relative camera location error and the absolute image mapping error evaluations, and the PPP post-processing correction effectively reduced the error (69.5% of the average total relative camera location error and 59.3% of the average total absolute image mapping error) relative to the standalone GNSS positioning method. Although differential (RTK) GNSS positioning is widely used in positioning applications that require very high accuracy, post-mission PPP processing can also be used in various fields in which it is either not feasible to operate expensive equipment to receive RTK GNSS signals or network RTK services are unavailable.
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S, Arun. "GIS and GNSS Integration Techniques for Earth Observations." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 7 (2024): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63584.
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Abstract: The term "GNSS," or global navigation satellite system, refers to any satellite navigation system with global coverage. To determine your current location, GNSS devices and receivers employ geolocation information from satellite navigation systems. Trilateration is the basis for how navigation satellites operate. An object's position on the spheroid is defined by its latitude, longitude, and altitude above mean sea level. Today, the utilisation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) technology is required for a wide range of uses, including engineering, cities, and defence. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be integrated with GPS to create powerful tools for mapping and spatial analysis. This integration allows for precise display of geographic characteristics on maps, land use planning, response to emergencies, and management of natural resources. Precision agriculture is one area where GNSS and GIS are integrated, enabling farmers to gather precise position data while operating machinery. GNSS and GIS integration can be done through position-focused and technology-focused integration. Position-focused integration uses GNSS technology to locate items or features on the earth's topography, while technology-focused integration enhances the utility and accuracy of GNSS data using GIS applications and technology. Both forms of integration provide potent solutions for various industries.
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Guerova, Guergana, Jonathan Jones, Jan Douša, et al. "Review of the state of the art and future prospects of the ground-based GNSS meteorology in Europe." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 11 (2016): 5385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5385-2016.
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Abstract. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have revolutionised positioning, navigation, and timing, becoming a common part of our everyday life. Aside from these well-known civilian and commercial applications, GNSS is now an established atmospheric observing system, which can accurately sense water vapour, the most abundant greenhouse gas, accounting for 60–70 % of atmospheric warming. In Europe, the application of GNSS in meteorology started roughly two decades ago, and today it is a well-established field in both research and operation. This review covers the state of the art in GNSS meteorology in Europe. The advances in GNSS processing for derivation of tropospheric products, application of GNSS tropospheric products in operational weather prediction and application of GNSS tropospheric products for climate monitoring are discussed. The GNSS processing techniques and tropospheric products are reviewed. A summary of the use of the products for validation and impact studies with operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) models as well as very short weather prediction (nowcasting) case studies is given. Climate research with GNSSs is an emerging field of research, but the studies so far have been limited to comparison with climate models and derivation of trends. More than 15 years of GNSS meteorology in Europe has already achieved outstanding cooperation between the atmospheric and geodetic communities. It is now feasible to develop next-generation GNSS tropospheric products and applications that can enhance the quality of weather forecasts and climate monitoring. This work is carried out within COST Action ES1206 advanced global navigation satellite systems tropospheric products for monitoring severe weather events and climate (GNSS4SWEC, http://gnss4swec.knmi.nl).
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Zmysłowski, Dariusz, Michał Kryk, and Jan Kelner. "TESTING GNSS RECEIVER ROBUSTNESS FOR JAMMING." Aviation and Security Issues 4, no. 2 (2023): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.55676/asi.v4i2.64.
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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) providing positioning, navigation and synchronization, has become an important element of modern systems and devices that have a crucial impact on many economy branches and the life of an common person. Literature analysis and reports from recent armed conflicts show that the use of techniques for jamming and spoofing GNSS signals is becoming increasingly. This reduces the level of safety in transport and increases the risk of improper operation of GNSS-based systems, like cellular telephony or bank sector. This paper focuses on the methodology for testing the GNSS receiver robustness for jamming. For this purpose, a broadband jamming device was developed.
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Szmagliński, Jacek, Andrzej Wilk, Władysław Koc, et al. "Verification of Satellite Railway Track Position Measurements Making Use of Standard Coordinate Determination Techniques." Remote Sensing 14, no. 8 (2022): 1855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14081855.
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The article presents the results of satellite railway track position measurements performed by a multidisciplinary research team, the members of which represented Gdansk University of Technology and Gdynia Maritime University. Measuring methods are described which were used for reconstructing the railway track axis position and diagnosing railway track geometry deformations. As well as that, the description of the novel method developed by the authors to perform mobile GNSS measurements is included. The reported research aimed at assessing the uncertainty of railway track axis reconstruction making use of the dynamic GNSS method. To assess the applicability of this method, the obtained results were compared with those from the stationary measurement method used in railway business. The data used for comparison was recorded on the same railway track section during several measurement campaigns. In these campaigns, different types of GNSSs with different position recording frequencies (1–100 Hz) were used at different measurement speeds (5–70 km/h). The performed analysis has shown that the accuracy of railway track axis reconstruction making use of mobile GNSS measurements is sufficient for using this methodology in railway business.
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Gao, Yuting, Baoyu Liu, Yang Gao, Guanwen Huang, and Qin Zhang. "Comparative Analysis of Prior and Posterior Integrity Monitoring Techniques for Enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System Positioning Continuity and Accuracy." Remote Sensing 17, no. 4 (2025): 723. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17040723.
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GNSS integrity is an essential component for ensuring the reliability of safety-critical applications using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs). These applications, such as use in aviation and autonomous vehicles, demand high precision and dependability. There are two major GNSS integrity monitoring techniques, namely prior and posterior integrity monitoring. The principles of the two approaches, however, differ significantly, each influencing the GNSS positioning system’s continuity and accuracy performance in unique ways. In this study, we conduct a thorough evaluation and comparison of these two approaches to integrity monitoring, focusing on their effects on continuity and accuracy performance. We assess the probability of false alarms and continuity risks associated with posterior integrity monitoring by defining specific geometric spheres, both inside and outside the contours of the parity set, where the integrity risk requirement is satisfied. By using these defined spheres, we determine the lower and upper bounds for the probability of false alarms and continuity risks in posterior integrity monitoring. These spheres provide a novel and effective framework for comparing the continuity performance between the Chi-squared residual-based prior and posterior integrity monitoring. Our analysis highlights that, under fault-free scenarios, posterior integrity monitoring offers superior accuracy compared with the Chi-squared residual-based prior integrity monitoring approach. This finding underscores the critical importance of selecting an appropriate integrity monitoring strategy to enhance GNSS positioning system performance, particularly in environments where safety and precision are paramount. The insights gained from this study contribute to the advancement of GNSS technologies, supporting their implementation in an increasingly wide range of safety-critical applications.
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Liu, Congliang, Yueqiang Sun, Weihua Bai, et al. "Effect of Multiple GNSS Integration on the Number and Spatiotemporal Coverage of Radio Occultation Events." Atmosphere 13, no. 5 (2022): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050654.
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The development of global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) and multi-system compatible radio occultation (RO) techniques provides favorable conditions and opportunities for increasing the number of occultation events and improving their spatiotemporal coverage. The performance of the multiple GNSS RO event number, spatiotemporal coverage, and uniformity need assessments by robust and functional approaches. Firstly, a simulation system of RO events, which took the orbit perturbations into account, was established, and the concepts of global coverage fraction and uniformity of RO events were defined. Secondly, numerical experiments were designed to analyze the GNSS RO performances of a single-receiving satellite and satellite constellations under the condition of using current multiple GNSSs as transmitting satellite systems, in which the Earth was divided into 400 × 400 km2 grids. Finally, the number, timeliness, global coverage fraction, and uniformity of GNSS RO events for a single-receiving satellite and receiving satellite constellations were numerically calculated and analyzed. The results showed that ➀ multiple GNSS integration improved the number of GNSS RO events and their global coverage for a single polar-orbit satellite significantly, e.g., the 24 h multiple GNSS RO event number was about 7.8 times that of the single GNSS system, BeiDou navigation satellite system-3, while the corresponding 24 h global coverage fraction increased nearly 3 times. ➁ In the multiple GNSS integration scenario, the constellation composed of 12 polar-orbit low-Earth-orbit satellites achieved 100% RO event global coverage fraction within 24 h, of which the RO detection capability was comparable to the 100 Spire weather satellites and global positioning system (GPS) RO system. ➂ More GNSS RO events of the polar-orbit constellations were distributed in the middle- and high-latitude zones. Therefore, multiple GNSS integration could increase the RO event number and global coverage significantly to benefit the global climate monitoring and global numerical weather prediction, and the polar-orbit constellations were more favorable to atmospheric detection in middle- and high-latitude regions.
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Ghazali, Kamarul Hawari, Fahad Usman, Jiang XU, Yan Suqing, Yuanfa Ji, and Xiyan Sun. "Classification of GNSS Signals for Land Deformation Detection Based on Signal Processing Techniques." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 65, no. 1 (2025): 88–98. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.65.1.8898.
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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology encompasses various satellite navigation systems, including GPS, GLONASS, Beidou, and Galileo, providing positioning with global coverage and enabling users to determine their location and timing. GNSS operates through three main components: the spatial segment, consisting of satellites that transmit signals from space; the control segment, which manages and monitors the satellite operations; and the receiver segment, where GNSS receivers process the signals to derive precise location and timing data. Moreover, GNSS can also be used for deformation monitoring, particularly landslide monitoring. In this paper, we propose a signal processing technique for the classification of GNSS land deformation abnormalities. Six GNSS stations at different polar coordinates were used and a time series analysis based on a statistical approach was proposed for the feature extraction process. There are three periodic terms involved in time series analysis including distance, velocity and acceleration which become important in detecting ground movements through GNSS geographic coordinate signals. These terms were later on combined with statistical parameters, i.e. minimum and maximum values, as well as feature vectors for input to the threshold classifier. Classification results were obtained above 96% for normal and abnormal ground deformation GNSS signals which implies the encouraging performance of the proposed classification technique.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "GNSS Techniques"
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Casile, Roberta <1986>. "GNSS interference management techniques against malicious attacks." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7025/1/Casile_Roberta_tesi.pdf.
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This thesis collects the outcomes of a Ph.D. course in Telecommunications Engineering and it is focused on the study and design of possible techniques able to counteract interference signal in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) systems. The subject is the jamming threat in navigation systems, that has become a very increasingly important topic in recent years, due to the wide diffusion of GNSS-based civil applications. Detection and mitigation techniques are developed in order to fight out jamming signals, tested in different scenarios and including sophisticated signals. The thesis is organized in two main parts, which deal with management of GNSS intentional counterfeit signals. The first part deals with the interference management, focusing on the intentional interfering signal. In particular, a technique for the detection and localization of the interfering signal level in the GNSS
bands in frequency domain has been proposed. In addition, an effective mitigation technique which exploits the periodic characteristics of the common jamming signals reducing interfering effects at the receiver side has been introduced. Moreover, this technique has been
also tested in a different and more complicated scenario resulting still effective in mitigation and cancellation of the interfering signal, without high complexity. The second part still deals with the problem of interference management, but regarding with more sophisticated signal. The attention is focused on the detection of spoofing signal, which is the most complex among the jamming signal types. Due to this highly difficulty in detect and mitigate this kind of signal, spoofing threat is considered the most dangerous. In this work, a possible techniques able to detect this sophisticated signal has been proposed, observing and exploiting jointly the outputs of several operational block measurements of the
GNSS receiver operating chain.
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Casile, Roberta <1986>. "GNSS interference management techniques against malicious attacks." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7025/.
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This thesis collects the outcomes of a Ph.D. course in Telecommunications Engineering and it is focused on the study and design of possible techniques able to counteract interference signal in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) systems. The subject is the jamming threat in navigation systems, that has become a very increasingly important topic in recent years, due to the wide diffusion of GNSS-based civil applications. Detection and mitigation techniques are developed in order to fight out jamming signals, tested in different scenarios and including sophisticated signals. The thesis is organized in two main parts, which deal with management of GNSS intentional counterfeit signals. The first part deals with the interference management, focusing on the intentional interfering signal. In particular, a technique for the detection and localization of the interfering signal level in the GNSS
bands in frequency domain has been proposed. In addition, an effective mitigation technique which exploits the periodic characteristics of the common jamming signals reducing interfering effects at the receiver side has been introduced. Moreover, this technique has been
also tested in a different and more complicated scenario resulting still effective in mitigation and cancellation of the interfering signal, without high complexity. The second part still deals with the problem of interference management, but regarding with more sophisticated signal. The attention is focused on the detection of spoofing signal, which is the most complex among the jamming signal types. Due to this highly difficulty in detect and mitigate this kind of signal, spoofing threat is considered the most dangerous. In this work, a possible techniques able to detect this sophisticated signal has been proposed, observing and exploiting jointly the outputs of several operational block measurements of the
GNSS receiver operating chain.
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Egea-Roca, Daniel. "Change detection techniques for GNSS signal-level integrity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458425.
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El gran éxito y la facilidad de uso de los sistemas de navegación global por satélite (GNSSs) ha conducido a la definición de una gran cantidad de aplicaciones basadas en GNSS sin precedentes. De hecho, la tendencia muestra una nueva era de aplicaciones basadas en GNSS, las denominadas aplicaciones críticas, en las que la integridad física de los usuarios puede estar en riesgo en caso de un fallo del sistema. Un requisito importante en estas aplicaciones es la integridad, definida como una medida de la fiabilidad y confianza que se tiene en la información proporcionada por el sistema. Los primeros algoritmos de integridad fueron diseñados para trabajar en entornos aéreos, en concreto para aviación civil. Desafortunadamente, las aplicaciones críticas basadas en GNSS suelen estar asociadas con entornos terrestres y por lo tanto los algoritmos de integridad tradicionales suelen fallar. El principal motivo son los efectos locales como interferencias, multi-camino o el denominado spoofing que nos podemos encontrar en entornos terrestres. Estos efectos se asumen que están controlados en aviación civil, pero ese no es el caso en entornos terrestres. De este modo, se necesitan nuevas técnicas de integridad para aplicaciones críticas basadas en GNSS, la denominada integridad a nivel de señal (signal-level integrity).
Esta tesis investiga nuevos algoritmos de detección con el objetivo de proporcionar una nueva generación de técnicas de integridad en GNSS. Para ello, se considera el campo de detección de cambios estadísticos (SCD). Este campo es de interés porque considera la dimensión temporal, requisito indispensable para aplicaciones críticas ya que una detección rápida es necesaria. Por lo tanto, la primera parte de esta tesis se ocupa del estudio del campo de SCD, incluyendo tanto la detección rápida de cambios (QCD) como la detección de cambios transitorios (TCD). Se aportan nuevas contribuciones en el campo de TCD, incluyendo la denominada solución FMA y su caracterización estadística. Además, resultados numéricos muestran la superioridad de nuestras contribuciones con respecto otras contribuciones en la literatura de TCD. Finalmente, para concluir nuestro estudio de SCD, lo comparamos con esquemas clásicos de detección bajo el mismo marco matemático. Esta comparación muestra la conveniencia de SCD cuando se trata de detecciones rápida.
La principal contribución de esta tesis es la aplicación del campo de SCD a la detección de amenazas e integridad en GNSS. Para ello, primero investigamos varias propiedades de la señal GNSS que pueden ser de utilidad para la detección de amenazas locales. En segundo lugar, damos un paso adelante en el campo de detección de amenazas en GNSS proponiendo un nuevo marco basado en QCD. Sin embargo, para fines de integridad es deseable un retardo limitado y es aquí donde la teoría de TCD es interesante. Por esta razón, se considera un nuevo marco basado en TCD para la detección de multi-camino y algoritmos de integridad en GNSS, lo que conduce a la provisión de la integridad de nivel de señal. Se muestra una mejora notable por la soluciones propuestas de TCD con respecto a las soluciones actuales. En la última parte de la tesis, se validan los detectores de amenazas y el algoritmo de integridad a nivel de señal propuestos. Esto se hace utilizando seles GNSS reales capturadas en el contexto de un proyecto de investigación financiado por la Comisión Europea. Los resultados obtenidos en un escenario realista muestran la mejora de la precisión y la integridad mediante el uso de la solución propuesta con respecto a los algoritmos de integridad actuales. Además, se muestra que la solución propuesta trabaja en tiempo real, siendo por lo tanto muy atractiva para mejorar los algoritmos de integridad actuales y fácilmente implementables.<br>The provision of accurate positioning is becoming essential to our modern society. One of the main reasons is the great success and ease of use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), which has led to an unprecedented amount of GNSS-based applications. In particular, the current trend shows that a new era of GNSS-based applications and services is emerging. These applications are the so-called critical applications, in which the physical safety of users may be in danger due to a miss-performance of the system. These applications have stringent requirements in terms of integrity, which is a measure of reliability and trust that can be placed on the information provided by the system. Unfortunately, GNSS-based critical applications are usually associated with terrestrial environments and original integrity algorithms usually fail. The main impairments are due to local effects such as interference, multipath or spoofing, which are assumed to be controlled in civil aviation but they are not in terrestrial environments. Thus, a new methodology for integrity is necessary in order to detect local effects and provide the additional level of integrity needed for GNSS-based critical applications; the so-called signal-level integrity.
This thesis investigates novel detection algorithms with the aim of providing a new generation of integrity techniques in GNSS. For this purpose, the framework of Statistical Change Detection (SCD) is considered. This framework is of particular interest because its optimal criterion target the temporal dimension. This is an indispensable requirement for critical applications, in which a prompt detection is necessary. Therefore, the first part of this dissertation deals with the study of the field of SCD, including both Quickest Change Detection (QCD) and Transient Change Detection (TCD). Novel contributions are provided in the field of TCD, including the finite moving average solution and its statistical characterization. Numerical results show the superiority of our contributions. Finally, to conclude our study of SCD we compare it with classical detection schemes under the same mathematical framework. This comparison shows the appropriateness of SCD when dealing with timely detections.
The main contribution of this thesis is the application of the SCD framework to threat detection and integrity in GNSS. To this end, we first investigate several properties of the received GNSS signal that may be useful for local threat detection. This leads us to move a step forward in the field of threat detection by proposing a novel QCD-based framework. Nonetheless, for integrity purposes a bounded delay is desirable, and it is here where TCD is of interest. For this reason, a novel TCD-based framework is considered for both multipath detection and integrity algorithms in GNSS, thus leading to the provision of signal-level integrity. A notable improvement is shown by the proposed TCD-based solutions considered in this thesis with respect to current solutions.
In the last part of the thesis, the goal is to validate the proposed threat detectors and signal-level integrity algorithm using real GNSS signals. Real signal gathered in the context of an EC-funded research project is processed to show and validate the results of the implemented detectors. The results obtained in a realistic scenario show the improvement of the accuracy and integrity by using the proposed solution for signal-level integrity, with respect to current integrity algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed solution is shown to have real-time processing capabilities, thus being very attractive to improve current integrity algorithms and easily implementable in mass-market receivers.
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Ferreira, Esteves Paulo Alexandre. "Techniques d'acquisition à haute sensibilité des signaux GNSS." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0016/document.
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Les systèmes de navigation par satellite (GNSS) font partie de notre quotidien. On peut présentement les trouver dans un ensemble d’applications. Avec les nouveaux besoins, des nouveaux enjeux sont aussi apparus : le traitement du signal dans les environnements urbains est extrêmement complexe. Dans cette thèse, le traitement des signaux GNSS à faible puissance est abordé, en particulier dans la première phase du traitement, nommé acquisition de signal. Le premier axe de rechercheporte sur l’analyse et la compensation de l’effet Doppler dans l’acquisition. Le décalage Doppler perçu par l’utilisateur est un des paramètres principaux pour la configuration du module d’acquisition. Dans cette étude, des solutions sont proposées pour trouver le meilleur compromis sensibilité-complexité propre à l’acquisition. En deuxième axe, la caractérisation des détecteurs différentiels est abordée, en particulier la quantification de sa sensibilité. Pour l’acquisition des signaux faibles, après une première phase d’intégration cohérente, il faut passer par une intégration «postcohérente» (noncohérente ou différentielle.) L’analyse exécutée ici permet de meilleur identifier le meilleur choix entre les deux possibilités. Le troisième axe de recherche est consacré à la méthode de Détection Collective (CD), une innovation qui fait l’acquisition simultanée de tous les signaux visible par le récepteur. Plusieurs analyses sont réalisées incluant l’amélioration de la procédure de recherche de la CD, et l’hybridisation avec l’acquisition standard. Enfin on effectuel’analyse de la CD dans un contexte multi-constellation, en utilisant simultanément des vrais signaux GPS et Galileo<br>Satellite navigation (GNSS) is a constant in our days. The number of applications that depend on it is already remarkable and is constantly increasing. With new applications, new challenges have also risen: much of the new demand for signals comes from urban areas where GNSS signal processing is highly complex. In this thesis the issue of weak GNSS signal processing is addressed, in particular at the first phase of the receiver processing, known as signal acquisition. The first axe of research pursued deals with the analysis and compensation of the Doppler effect in acquisition. The Doppler shift that is experienced by a user is one of the main design drivers for the acquisitionmodule and solutions are proposed to improve the sensitivity-complexity trade-off typical of the acquisition process. The second axe of research deals with the characterization of differential GNSS detectors. After a first step of coherent integration, transition to post coherent (noncoherent or differential) integration is required for acquiring weak signals. The quantification of the sensitivity of differential detectors was not found in literature and is the objective of this part of the research. Finally, the third axe of research is devoted to multi-constellation Collective Detection (CD). CD is an innovative approach for the simultaneous processing of all signals in view. Severalissues related to CD are addressed, including the improvement of the CD search process and the hybridization with standard acquisition. Finally, the application of this methodology in the context of a multi-constellation receiver is also addressed, by processing simultaneously real GPS and Galileo signals
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GARBIN, MANFREDINI ESTEBAN. "Signal processing techniques for GNSS anti-spoofing algorithms." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2672749.
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The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) usage is growing at a very high
rate, and more applications are relying on GNSS for correct functioning. With the
introduction of new GNSSs, like the European Galileo and the Chinese Beidou, in
addition to the existing ones, the United States Global Positioning System (GPS)
and the Russian GLONASS, the applications, accuracy of the position and usage of
the signals are increasing by the day.
Given that GNSS signals are received with very low power, they are prone to
interference events that may reduce the usage or decrease the accuracy. From these
interference, the spoofing attack is the one that has drawn major concerns in the
GNSS community. A spoofing attack consist on the transmission of GNSS-like
signals, with the goal of taking control of the receiver and make it compute an
erroneous position and time solution.
In the thesis, we focus on the design and validation of different signal processing
techniques, that aim at detection and mitigation of the spoofing attack effects. These
are standalone techniques, working at the receiver’s level and providing discrimination
of spoofing events without the need of external hardware or communication
links. Four different techniques are explored, each of them with its unique sets of
advantages and disadvantages, and a unique approach to spoofing detection. For
these techniques, a spoofing detection algorithm is designed and implemented, and
its capabilities are validated by means of a set of datasets containing spoofing signals.
The thesis focuses on two different aspects of the techniques, divided as per detection
and mitigation capabilities. Both detection techniques are complementary, their joint
use is explored and experimental results are shown that demonstrate the advantages.
In addition, each mitigation technique is analyzed separately as they require
specialized receiver architecture in order to achieve spoofing detection and mitigation.
These techniques are able to decrease the effects of the spoofing attacks, to the point
of removing the spoofing signal from the receiver and compute navigation solutions
that are not controlled by the spoofer and lead in more accurate end results.
The main contributions of this thesis are: the description of a multidimensional
ratio metric test for distinction between spoofing and multipath effects; the introduction
of a cross-check between automatic gain control measurements and the
carrier to noise density ratio, for distinction between spoofing attacks and other
interference events; the description of a novel signal processing method for detection
and mitigation of spoofing effects, based on the use of linear regression algorithms;
and the description of a spoofing detection algorithm based on a feedback tracking
architecture.
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NGUYEN, DINH THUAN. "ROBUST SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES FOR MODERN GNSS RECEIVERS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2752881.
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Gómez, Casco David. "Non-Coherent Acquisition Techniques for High-Sensitivity GNSS Receivers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665404.
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Los sistemas de radionavegación por satélite (GNSSs) se han convertido en una herramienta indispensable de la vida diaria, ya que nos ofrecen la posibilidad de conocer de manera precisa nuestra ubicación en tiempo real y en entornos al aire libre. Desde la aparición de estos sistemas, han surgido una gran cantidad de exitosas aplicaciones de GNSS. Algunos ejemplos de estas aplicaciones son los siguientes: navegación para automóviles, rastreo de vuelos, seguimiento de actividad deportiva y juegos de realidad aumentada. Debido al éxito alcanzado por los sistemas de GNSS, un gran interés está surgiendo para extender sus servicios a entornos más complicados tales como cañones urbanos e interiores. No obstante, en estos entornos los receptores de GNSS tienen grandes dificultades para poder detectar las señales recibidas desde los satélites, las cuales son muy débiles ya que sufren una severa atenuación a causa de la presencia de obstáculos en el camino de propagación entre los satélites y el receptor.
Esta tesis aborda varios problemas del procesamiento de señales de GNSS débiles como la detección en la etapa de adquisición, la determinación de la calidad de la señal y las estimaciones de la frecuencia Doppler y el tiempo de retraso. Para ello, se emplean las herramientas de detección y estimación de la señal, que se basan en teoría de probabilidad y estadística. Para poder emplear estas herramientas es necesario tener un conocimiento sobre la arquitectura y las señales que transmiten los sistemas de GNSS. Por este motivo, la primera parte de la tesis se centra en describir las principales características de dos de los sistemas de GNSS más conocidos el americano GPS y el europeo Galileo. Además, tratamos los fundamentos de los receptores y analizamos las señales que están implementadas actualmente en estos sistemas. Después, se explican los fundamentos de teoría de detección requeridos, que son el Neyman-pearson criterion, el Generalized likelihood Ratio Test y el Bayesian approach. Más adelante, se realiza una revisión del estado del arte sobre la detección de señales de GNSS.
Las principales contribuciones de esta tesis ocupan lugar en la segunda parte, las cuales tratan de derivar los detectores óptimos para adquirir las señales de GNSS débiles. Hemos encontrado que el detector óptimo depende de las características de la señal trasmitida por el satélite, que puede variar dependiendo de la constelación seleccionada. Los resultados teóricos y simulados demuestran que los detectores propuestos en esta tesis superan claramente el rendimiento de los detectores utilizados en la práctica actualmente. Además, se concluye en qué condiciones es mejor utilizar un detector u otro. También, en esta tesis se aborda el problema de estimar la relación portadora a ruido de las señales de GNSS débiles. Esta relación aporta información esencial ya que se utiliza en todas las etapas de los receptores de GNSS. En esta tesis proponemos nuevos estimadores de la relación portadora a ruido, que son muy sencillos de implementar en receptores de alta sensibilidad de GNSS y ofrecen una mejora de precisión con respecto a los estimadores propuestos en la literatura. Finalmente, la última parte de la tesis se centra en las binary offset carrier (BOC) de alto orden, un tipo de señal que está implementada en el sistema Galileo. Más precisamente, esta parte está dedicada a proponer estimadores precisos de tiempo de retardo y frecuencia Doppler. Estos estimadores mejoran la precisión del método generalmente aplicado en la práctica para estimar estos parámetros.<br>Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) have become an indispensable tool of daily life, since they offer us the possibility of accurately knowing our location in real time and in open-sky environments. Since the advent of these systems, a large number of successful GNSS applications have emerged. Some examples of these applications are: car navigation, flight tracking, sport activity tracking and augmented reality games. Due to the success achieved by GNSS, a great interest is emerging to extend its services to harsher environments such as urban canyons and indoor scenarios. However, in these environments GNSS receivers face great difficulties to detect the signals received from the satellites, which are very weak since they suffer from severe attenuation due to the presence of obstacles in the propagation path between satellites and the receiver.
This thesis addresses several problems of processing weak GNSS signals, such as the detection at the acquisition stage, the determination of their signal quality and the time delay and Doppler frequency estimations. To do so, detection and estimation tools are used, which are based on the probability theory and statistics. In order to use these tools, it is necessary to understand the architecture and the signals that GNSSs transmit. For this reason, the first part of the thesis focuses on describing the main features of two of the best-known GNSSs, the American GPS and the European Galileo. In addition, we describe the fundamentals of the receivers and analyze the signals that are implemented in these systems. After that, we explain the required fundamentals of detection theory, namely the Neyman-pearson criterion, the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test and the Bayesian approach. Then, a review of the state of the art in the detection of GNSS signals is carried out.
The main contribution of this thesis is provided in the second part, which tackles the problem of deriving optimal detectors to acquire weak GNSS signals. We have found that the optimal detector depends on the characteristics of the signal transmitted by the satellite, which is different depending on the selected constellation. The theoretical and simulated results show that the detectors proposed in this thesis clearly outperform the detectors currently used in practice. In addition, we conclude when it is better to apply each detector. Moreover, this thesis addresses the problem of estimating the carrier-to-noise ratio of weak GNSS signals. This parameter provides essential information since it is used in all stages of GNSS receivers. In this thesis, we propose new estimators of the carrier-to-noise ratio, which are very simple to implement in high-sensitivity GNSS receivers and offer an enhanced accuracy with respect to the estimators proposed in the literature. Finally, the last part of the thesis focuses on the so-called high-order binary offset carrier (BOC) signals, a kind of signal that is implemented in the Galileo system. More precisely, this part is devoted to proposing accurate estimators of time delay and Doppler frequency. These estimators improve the accuracy of the method usually applied in practice to estimate these parameters.
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Albu-Rghaif, Ali. "Multi-GNSS signals acquisition techniques for software defined receivers." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2015. http://bear.buckingham.ac.uk/105/.
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Any commercially viable wireless solution onboard Smartphones should resolve the technical issues as well as preserving the limited resources available such as processing and battery. Therefore, integrating/combining the process of more than one function will free up much needed resources that can be then reused to enhance these functions further. This thesis details my innovative solutions that integrate multi-GNSS signals of specific civilian transmission from GPS, Galileo and GLONASS systems, and process them in a single RF front-end channel (detection and acquisition), ideal for GNSS software receiver onboard Smartphones. During the course of my PhD study, the focus of my work was on improving the reception and processing of localisation techniques based on signals from multi-satellite systems. I have published seven papers on new acquisition solutions for single and multi-GNSS signals based on the bandpass sampling and the compressive sensing techniques. These solutions, when applied onboard Smartphones, shall not only enhance the performance of the GNSS localisation solution but also reduce the implementation complexity (size and processing requirements) and thus save valuable processing time and battery energy. Firstly, my research has exploited the bandpass sampling technique, if being a good candidate for processing multi-signals at the same time. This portion of the work has produced three methods. The first method is designed to detect the GPS, Galileo and GLONASS-CDMA signals’ presence at an early stage before the acquisition process. This is to avoid wasting processing resources that are normally spent on chasing signals not present/non-existent. The second focuses on overcoming the ambiguity when acquiring Galileo-OS signal at a code phase resolution equal to 0.5 Chip or higher and this achieved by multiplying the received signal with the generated sub-carrier frequency. This new conversion saves doing a complete correlation chain processing when compared to conventionally used methods. The third method simplifies the joining implementation of the Galileo-OS data-pilot signal acquisition by constructing an orthogonal signal so as to acquire them in a single correlation chain, yet offering the same performance as using two correlation chains. Secondly, the compressive sensing technique is used to acquire multi-GNSS signals to achieve computation complexity reduction over correlator based methods, like Matched Filter, while still maintaining acquisition integrity. As a result of this research work, four implementation methods were produced to handle single or multi-GNSS signals. The first of these methods is designed to change dynamically the number and the size of the required channels/correlators according to the received GPS signal-power during the acquisition process. This adaptive solution offers better fix capability when the GPS receiver is located in a harsh signal environment, or it will save valuable processing/decoding time when the receiver is outdoors. The second method enhances the sensing process of the compressive sensing framework by using a deterministic orthogonal waveform such as the Hadamard matrix, which enabled us to sample the signal at the information band and reconstruct it without information loss. This experience in compressive sensing led the research to manage more reduction in terms of computational complexity and memory requirements in the third method that decomposes the dictionary matrix (representing a bank of correlators), saving more than 80% in signal acquisition process without loss of the integration between the code and frequency, irrespective of the signal strength. The decomposition is realised by removing the generated Doppler shifts from the dictionary matrix, while keeping the carrier frequency fixed for all these generated shifted satellites codes. This novelty of the decomposed dictionary implementation enabled other GNSS signals to be combined with the GPS signal without large overhead if the two, or more, signals are folded or down-converted to the same intermediate frequency. The fourth method is, therefore, implemented for the first time, a novel compressive sensing software receiver that acquires both GPS and Galileo signals simultaneously. The performance of this method is as good as that of a Matched Filter implementation performance. However, this implementation achieves a saving of 50% in processing time and produces a fine frequency for the Doppler shift at resolution within 10Hz. Our experimental results, based on actual RF captured signals and other simulation environments, have proven that all above seven implementation methods produced by this thesis retain much valuable battery energy and processing resources onboard Smartphones.
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Baños, García Adrián. "Use of precise point positioning techniques in GNSS applications." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76090.
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TANG, XINHUA. "Development and Analysis of Advanced Techniques for GNSS Receivers." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2546939.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
With the rapid development of digital techniques, the concept of software-defined radio (SDR) emerged which accelerates the first appearance of of the real-time GNSS software receiver at the beginning of this century, in the frame of a software receiver, this thesis mainly explores the possible improvement in parameters estimate such as frequency estimate, code delay estimate and phase estimate.
In the first stage, acquisition process is focused, the theoretical mathematical expression of the cross-ambiguity function (CAF) is exploited to analyze the grid and improve the accuracy of the frequency estimate. Based on the simple equation derived from this mathematical expression of the CAF, a family of novel algorithms are proposed to refine the Doppler frequency estimate. In an ideal scenario where there is no noise and other nuisances, the frequency estimation error can be theoretically reduced to zero. On the other hand, in the presence of noise, the new algorithm almost reaches the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) which is derived as benchmark. For comparison, a least-square (LS) method is proposed. It is shown that the proposed solution achieves the same performance of LS, but requires a dramatically reduced computational burden. An averaging method is proposed to mitigate the influence of noise, especially when signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low. Finally, the influence of the grid resolution in the search space is analyzed in both time and frequency domains.
In the next step, a new FLL discriminator based on energy is proposed to adapt to the changes brought by the new introduced signal modulation. This new discriminator can determine the frequency error only using the minimum period of data, it can also extend the pull-in range to nearly six times larger as the traditional arctangent discriminator. The whole derivation of the
method is presented. From the comparison with traditional ATAN and another similar discriminator that is also based on energy, it is shown that the new proposed discriminator can inherit the merits of these two references, avoiding their drawbacks at the same time. Owing to the property of the new discriminator, in case of composite GNSS signals such as Galileo E1 Open Service (OS) signal, coherent combination of data and pilot channels can be adopted to improve the frequency estimate by exploiting the full transmitted power.
In order to incorporate all the available information, the structure of a tracking loop with Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is analyzed and implemented. The structure of an EKF-based software receiver is proposed including the special modules dedicated to the initialization and maintenance of the tracking loop. The EKF-based tracking architecture has been compared with a traditional one based on an FLL/PLL+DLL architecture, and the benefit of the EKF within the tracking stage has been evaluated in terms of final positioning accuracy. Further tests have been carried out to compare the Position-Velocity-Time (PVT) solution of this receiver with the one provided by two commercial receivers: a mass-market GPS module (Ublox LEA-5T) and a professional one (Septentrio PolaRx2e@). The results show that the accuracy in PVT of the software receiver can be remarkably improved if the tracking is designed with a proper EKF architecture and the performance we can achieve is even better than the one obtained by the mass market receiver, even when a simple one-shot least-squares approach is adopted for the computation of the navigation solution. Furthermore in depth, KF-based tracking loop is analyzed, a control model is derived to link the KF system and the traditional one which can provide an insight into the advantages of KF system.
Finally, conclusions and main recommendations are presented.
Książki na temat "GNSS Techniques"
1
Cefalo, Raffaela, Janusz B. Zieliński, and Maurizio Barbarella, eds. New Advanced GNSS and 3D Spatial Techniques. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56218-6.
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Kommission, Schweizerische Geodätische, ed. Mutual validation of satellite-geodetic techniques and its impact on GNSS orbit modeling. Schweizerische Geodätische Kommission, 2008.
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GNSR 2001 (2001 University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria). GNSR 2001: State of art and future development in Raman spectroscopy and related techniques. IOS Press, 2002.
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Rhie, Marylin M. Worlds of transformation: Tibetan art of wisdom and compassion = [Gnas 'gyur dkyil zin]. Tibet House in association with The Shelley and Donald Rubin Foundation, 1999.
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Palano, Mimmo, ed. Ground Deformation Patterns Detection by InSAR and GNSS Techniques. MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-6887-4.
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Tiberius, Christian, Hans van der Marel, Rene Reudink, and Freek van Leijen. Surveying and Mapping. TU Delft Open, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5074/t.2021.007.
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This book provides an introduction, at academic level, into the field of surveying and mapping. The book has been compiled based on hand-outs and readers written for the third-year course Surveying and Mapping, in the bachelor program Civil Engineering at Delft University of Technology. This book covers a wide range of measurement techniques, from land surveying, GPS/GNSS and remote sensing to the associated data processing, the underlying coordinate reference systems, as well as the analysis and visualization of the acquired geospatial information.
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Cefalo, Raffaela, Janusz B. Zieliński, and Maurizio Barbarella. New Advanced GNSS and 3D Spatial Techniques: Applications to Civil and Environmental Engineering, Geophysics, Architecture, Archeology and Cultural ... Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography). Springer, 2017.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
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Cefalo, Raffaela, Janusz B. Zieliński, and Maurizio Barbarella. New Advanced GNSS and 3D Spatial Techniques: Applications to Civil and Environmental Engineering, Geophysics, Architecture, Archeology and Cultural ... Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography). Springer, 2018.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
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(Editor), Giacomo Messina, ed. Gnsr 2001: State of Art and Future Development in Raman Spectroscopy and Related Techniques. Ios Pr Inc, 2002.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "GNSS Techniques"
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Banerjee, Parameswar, and Demetrios Matsakis. "GNSS Techniques for Time Transfer." In An Introduction to Modern Timekeeping and Time Transfer. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30780-5_10.
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Miller, Steven, Xue Zhang, and Andreas Spanias. "Existing GNSS Multipath Mitigation Techniques." In Multipath Effects in GPS Receivers. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01682-0_3.
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Shi, Chuang, and Na Wei. "Satellite Navigation for Digital Earth." In Manual of Digital Earth. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9915-3_4.
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Abstract Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been widely used in navigation, positioning, and timing. China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) would reach full operational capability with 24 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), 3 Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) and 3 Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit (IGSO) satellites by 2020 and would be an important technology for the construction of Digital Earth. This chapter overviews the system structure, signals and service performance of BDS, Global Positioning System (GPS), Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) and Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo) system. Using a single GNSS, positions with an error of ~ 10 m can be obtained. To enhance the positioning accuracy, various differential techniques have been developed, and GNSS augmentation systems have been established. The typical augmentation systems, e.g., the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), the global differential GPS (GDGPS) system, are introduced in detail. The applications of GNSS technology and augmentation systems for space-time geodetic datum, high-precision positioning and location-based services (LBS) are summarized, providing a reference for GNSS engineers and users.
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Wu, Renbiao, Wenyi Wang, Dan Lu, Lu Wang, and Qiongqiong Jia. "High-Dynamic GNSS Jamming Suppression Techniques." In Navigation: Science and Technology. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5571-3_3.
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Douša, J., G. Dick, Y. Altiner, et al. "Advanced GNSS Processing Techniques (Working Group 1)." In Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13901-8_3.
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Iubatti, Matteo, Marco Villanti, Alessandro Vanelli-Coralli, Giovanni E. Corazza, and Stephane Corazza. "Ephemeris Interpolation Techniques for Assisted GNSS Services." In Satellite Communications and Navigation Systems. Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-47524-0_14.
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Bangi, Shashank C. "Introduction to the Measurement Techniques of GNSS Geodesy in Surveying." In GNSS Applications in Earth and Space Observations. CRC Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032712444-5.
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Huntley, David, Drew Rotheram-Clarke, Roger MacLeod, Robert Cocking, Jamel Joseph, and Philip LeSueur. "Landslide Monitoring with RADARSAT Constellation Mission InSAR, RPAS-Derived Point-Clouds and RTK-GNSS Time-Series in the Thompson River Valley, British Columbia, Canada." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 2 Issue 1, 2023. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39012-8_19.
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AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of four land-deformation measurement techniques for monitoring slow-moving landslides along a high-risk section of the national railway corridor traversing the Thompson River valley, British Columbia, Canada. The geomorphically active North Slide acts as an ideal field laboratory for testing and evaluating novel monitoring techniques and methods. We compare differential processing of Structure from Motion (SfM) products such as point-cloud elevation models and orthophotos derived from Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), along with satellite based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) deformation measurements derived from RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM). These results are ground-truthed with periodic real-time kinematic (RTK) global navigation satellite system (GNSS) measurements. We evaluate point-cloud comparison techniques, including the multi-scale model-to-model cloud comparison (M3C2) algorithm and digital ortho image correlation techniques. Multi-temporal RCM InSAR deformation measurements are processed using a semi-automated processing system for interferogram generation and unwrapping. Manual processing of small baseline subsets (SBAS) leads to the recovery of 1-dimensional line-of-sight (LoS) and 2-dimensional deformation measurements. Lastly, we discuss the strengths and limitations of these techniques, considerations for interpreting their outputs, and considerations for direct comparisons between InSAR, RPAS and RTK-GNSS deformation measurements.
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Xiao, Ling, Peng-Cheng Ma, Xiao-Mei Tang, and Guang-Fu Sun. "GNSS Receiver Anti-spoofing Techniques: A Review and Future Prospects." In Electronics, Communications and Networks V. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0740-8_8.
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Yang, Yichen, Hong Li, and Mingquan Lu. "Performance Assessment of Signal Quality Monitoring Based GNSS Spoofing Detection Techniques." In China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2015 Proceedings: Volume I. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46638-4_68.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "GNSS Techniques"
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Turci, Lorenzo, Federica Vitiello, Flavia Causa, Roberto Opromolla, and Giancarmine Fasano. "Comparison of Visual-Inertial Sensor Fusion Techniques for GNSS-Resilient Navigation." In 2024 AIAA DATC/IEEE 43rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc62030.2024.10748659.
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Cho, Bogeun, Sunkyoung Yu, Jungbeom Kim, et al. "Mitigation Techniques for Error Reduction in Doppler Measurements of Wearable GNSS Receivers." In 37th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2024). Institute of Navigation, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2024.19938.
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Pervysheva, Yelyzaveta, Jani Käppi, Jari Syrjärinne, Jari Nurmi, and Elena Simona Lohan. "Multi-Receiver Ensemble Machine-Learning Techniques for GNSS Spoofing Detection with Generalisability Approach." In 2024 32nd Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/telfor63250.2024.10819159.
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Grabrijan, Tanja, Krištof Oštir, Klemen Trajkovski, et al. "Application of UAV, GNSS and InSAR Techniques in the Raw Material Supply Chain." In Special Session on S34I - From the Sky to the Soil. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5220/0013493100003935.
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Sararu, Andra Mihaela, Florin Mistrapau, Vlad Gabriel Olteanu, et al. "VALLE – Privacy Preserving PNT Processing Techniques Concept Demonstrator." In 37th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2024). Institute of Navigation, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2024.19684.
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Plainard, Antoine, Thomas Fuhrmann, Nicolás Mendoza Pila, Keerthi Narayana, and Jaron Samson. "Advancements in DFMC SBAS Techniques for CAT II Autoland." In 37th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2024). Institute of Navigation, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2024.19745.
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Cortes, Inigo, Jon Ander Iniguez de Gordoa, J. Rossouw van der Merwe, Alexander Rugamer, and Wolfgang Felber. "Performance and Complexity Comparison of Adaptive Loop-Bandwidth Tracking Techniques." In 2020 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl-gnss49876.2020.9115543.
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Musumeci, Luciano, and Fabio Dovis. "Performance assessment of wavelet based techniques in mitigating narrow-band interference." In 2013 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl-gnss.2013.6577264.
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Cortes, Inigo, Pablo Marin, J. Rossouw van der Merwe, Elena Simona Lohan, Jari Nurmi, and Wolfgang Felber. "Adaptive Techniques in Scalar Tracking Loops with Direct-State Kalman-Filter." In 2021 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl-gnss51451.2021.9452269.
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Pallarés-Rodríguez, Lucía, Gonzalo Seco-Granados, and José A. López-Salcedo. "Dual-Polarization Beamforming Techniques for Multipath Mitigation in GNSS Handheld Receivers." In 2023 International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl-gnss57829.2023.10148927.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "GNSS Techniques"
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Hibbert, Angela, and Begona Pérez Gómez. Operational monitoring systems available at the three sites. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d5.9.
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Tide gauges can capture sea level variability on multiple timescales, from high frequency events like waves, tides and tsunamis, to seasonal and interannual changes and the longer-term trends associated with Climate Change. However, financial constraints dictate that they are often maintained to lower standards than the stringent accuracy requirements demanded by the IOC-UNESCO’s Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) for monitoring sea level rise. In addition, a sparsity of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers at the coast means that there are large uncertainties in rates of land motion at tide gauges, which also hampers the estimation of long-term sea level trends. Task 5.1.1 has devised prototype low maintenance tide gauge systems, powered by renewable energy and which monitor both land motion and sea level using novel techniques such as ground-based GNSS Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR). These systems eliminate the need for costly ongoing levelling exercises and also incorporate customisations to local monitoring needs, such as sensors for lightning detection and wave height. Despite a number of unforeseen setbacks, these prototype systems are now operating at 2 locations in the Mediterranean Sea and a third system is in transit to Colombia for installation by local stakeholders who have been trained in the installation methodology by the WP5 team. It is hoped that there is potential to advance these technological solutions as a global standard, via the GLOSS community. (EuroSea Deliverable, D5.9)
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Bhatt, Parth, Curtis Edson, and Ann MacLean. Image Processing in Dense Forest Areas using Unmanned Aerial System (UAS). Michigan Technological University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.michigantech-p/16366.
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Imagery collected via Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) platforms has become popular in recent years due to improvements in a Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera (centimeter and sub-centimeter), lower operation costs as compared to human piloted aircraft, and the ability to collect data over areas with limited ground access. Many different application (e.g., forestry, agriculture, geology, archaeology) are already using and utilizing the advantages of UAS data. Although, there are numerous UAS image processing workflows, for each application the approach can be different. In this study, we developed a processing workflow of UAS imagery collected in a dense forest (e.g., coniferous/deciduous forest and contiguous wetlands) area allowing users to process large datasets with acceptable mosaicking and georeferencing errors. Imagery was acquired with near-infrared (NIR) and red, green, blue (RGB) cameras with no ground control points. Image quality of two different UAS collection platforms were observed. Agisoft Metashape, a photogrammetric suite, which uses SfM (Structure from Motion) techniques, was used to process the imagery. The results showed that an UAS having a consumer grade Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) onboard had better image alignment than an UAS with lower quality GNSS.
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Deschamps, Henschel, and Robert. PR-420-123712-R01 Lateral Ground Movement Detection Capabilities Derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010831.
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The objective of this research was to quantify long-term ground deformation at the Belridge Oil Field, in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV), California using operational Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) monitoring techniques. A high spatial and temporal resolution, millimeter-precision time-series of ground deformation measurements was produced for the entire oil field from 2000 to 2012 using imagery from multiple satellites and beam modes. Trihedral Corner Reflectors (CRs) with co-located Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) units were used to validate the wide-area measurements along a section of Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas) Line 7056. The GNSS measurements were also used to validate the precision of the InSAR measurements, and to determine what component of the overall motion was lateral motion. Deformation profiles over Lines 1203 were analyzed to identify periods of rapid deformation related to known pipeline incidents. Finally, we also investigated the use Multiple Aperture Interferometry (MAI) for measuring horizontal motion in the alongtrack (north-south) direction. The result is a detailed, seamless, long-term, validated time-series of ground change observations that could prove useful for further analysis of reservoir changes. Combined with injection and production data, the results may be used to extend an understanding of the geomechanics of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) fields. This work reinforces the operational capability of InSAR for monitoring both EOR reservoir dynamics and deformation over buried pipelines.
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Shawler, Justin, Aleksandra Ostojic, Joseph Harwood, Christopher Macon, Molly Reif, and Aaron Schad. Geomorphic Monitoring of Coastal Marsh Restoration Sites: Insights from Field and Remote Sensing Approaches in Louisiana, USA. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/48401.
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Restoration of coastal marshes presents unique geomorphic monitoring challenges because these sites are often remote and/or inaccessible, and time and financial resources for field-based geomorphic monitoring may be limited. Yet, the geomorphic trajectory of coastal marshes controls the overall system health and longevity. The expansion of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) technology and new satellite platforms offer opportunities to complement ground-based geomorphic monitoring and overcome the challenges associated with traditional field methods. Here, we compare field-based and remote sensing approaches to monitor two restored coastal wetlands in Louisiana. At Spanish Pass, a restored marsh and ridge system, methods for measuring site elevation, quantifying shoreline position and classifying shoreline geomorphic types were compared. Field elevations measured with RTK GNSS were highly correlated (R2 = 0.97, RMSE = 0.08 m) to site elevations from the UAS lidar digital elevation model (DEM). Both UAS RGB imagery and satellite imagery collected within the same month as field data were within 3 m of field shoreline positions (mean absolute error 2.88 m UAS RGB imagery; 2.86 m October 2022 Google Earth imagery), though datum and slope-based shorelines derived from the UAS lidar DEM had the lowest error (2.09 m datum; 2.32 m slope) compared to the field. National Agriculture Imagery Program (March 2021) and Google Earth (January 2021) imagery collected >18 months prior to field data collection had the least accuracy compared to the field shorelines (mean absolute error 3.13 m and 5.08 m, respectively), likely reflecting shoreline change since that date. In general, field classifications and remotely sensed geomorphic shoreline classifications did not compare well (similarity values 0.4 to 0.6), which supports previous results from the literature that show large differences between field and remote sensing classifications. At La Branche, the second marsh restoration site, access was limited by thick vegetation and ground-based RTK transects were not collected. Thus, UAS lidar DEM elevation data were compared to elevations measured by airborne lidar (2017) and ground surveys (2013) to extend the monitoring record and track elevation change through time. The results demonstrated that minimal measurable elevation change occurred during that time. The airborne lidar data showed consistently lower elevations than field data (within the 0.2 m vegetated accuracy of the lidar), but UAS lidar elevations matched field data, with some spots at slightly higher elevations due to lack of bathymetric lidar data as well as possible accretion of the marsh platform. Overall, the utility and accuracy of both satellite and UAS remote sensing techniques were demonstrated for monitoring shoreline positions and platform elevations. However, marsh shoreline classifications can be improved with additional detail and/or quantification using elevation profile data (e.g., slopes, tidal datums). Practitioners and researchers monitoring coastal marsh restoration sites can use the information presented in this study to assess the tradeoffs and benefits of various methods, including a multi-methods approach as resource and monitoring needs change through time.