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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Gonadotropins and castration”

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Data publikacji: 2 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Balasinor, Nafisa, Manjit K. Gill-Sharma, Priyanka Parte, and HS Juneja. "Cerebrospinal fluid and blood concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and prolactin following castration of adult male rats." Acta Endocrinologica 127, no. 1 (1992): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1270058.

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Comparative levels of LH, FSH and PRL in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult male rats were studied at different periods following castration. Intact and sham-operated animals served as controls. Blood and CSF were collected at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 46 days following castration. The CSF was collected via cisterna-magna puncture, while the blood was collected from abdominal aorta. Serum gonadotropins increased progressively beginning day 1 post-castration to reach maximum by day 35 or 46 post-castration. Sham operation and castration did not affect mean CSF, LH and FSH levels

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2

Kochman, Kazimierz, and Alina Gajewska. "Biosynthesis of gonadotropins in vivo." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 56, no. 3 (1996): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-1996-1180.

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GnRH is potent stimulator of gonadotropin's alpha and beta chains synthesis in vivo. Stimulation of LHbeta gene transcription requires pulsatile GnRH administration but the transcription of alpha subunit can be stimulated independently of GnRH mode of administration. Castration increases whereas in vivo estradiol and testosterone replacement decreases the rate of gene transcription of pituitary gonadotropin subunits. Thyroid hormones can enhance or diminish the pituitary levels of LHbeta and FSHbeta subunit mRNAs in female rats. Inhibin, activin and follistatin were shown to be potent regulato

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3

Bowen, Richard L., Giuseppe Verdile, Tianbing Liu та ін. "Luteinizing Hormone, a Reproductive Regulator That Modulates the Processing of Amyloid-β Precursor Protein and Amyloid-β Deposition". Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, № 19 (2004): 20539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m311993200.

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Hormonal changes associated with the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis following menopause/andropause have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Experimental support for this has come from studies demonstrating an increase in amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition following ovariectomy/castration. Because sex steroids and gonadotropins are both part of the HPG feedback loop, any loss in sex steroids results in a proportionate increase in gonadotropins. To assess whether Aβ generation was due to the loss of serum 17β-estradiol or to the up-regulation o

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4

KENNEDY, R. I., N. C. RAWLINGS та S. J. COOK. "EFFECTS OF DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE AND 5α-ANDROSTANE-3α, 17β-DIOL ON SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF LH AND FSH IN THE PREPUBERTAL BULL". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, № 1 (1985): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas85-010.

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Administration of silastic implants releasing dihydrotestosterone or 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol to 4-, 14- and 20-wk-old bull calves depressed serum concentrations of LH and FSH, both prior to and following castration. The results suggest that 5α-reduced androgens may be involved in the establishment of negative feedback control of gonadotropins, prior to significant testicular testosterone production. Key words: Bull calves, puberty, androgens, gonadotropins

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5

Winter, J. S. D., L. Ellsworth, G. Fuller, W. C. Hobson, F. I. Reyes, and C. Faiman. "The role of gonadal steroids in feedback regulation of gonadotropin secretion at different stages of primate development." Acta Endocrinologica 114, no. 2 (1987): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1140257.

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Abstract. The serum gonadotropin response to castration was assessed in 8 foetal, 2 neonatal, 30 juvenile, and 2 adult rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta). In the 30 castrated juvenile monkeys and 8 sham-operated controls, concentrations of oestrone, oestradiol, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, testosterone and 17OH-progesterone were measured in 10 ml serum pools before, one month after, and one year after the surgical procedure. Castration during foetal life (83–137 days gestation) was followed within 48–72 h by a significant rise in serum FSH levels in males, but had no effect on the already hi

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6

Harrison, G. S., M. E. Wierman, T. M. Nett, and L. M. Glode. "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its receptor in normal and malignant cells." Endocrine-Related Cancer 11, no. 4 (2004): 725–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.00777.

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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the hypothalamic factor that mediates reproductive competence. Intermittent GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus acts upon its receptor in the anterior pituitary to regulate the production and release of the gonadotropins, LH and FSH. LH and FSH then stimulate sex steroid hormone synthesis and gametogenesis in the gonads to ensure reproductive competence. The pituitary requires pulsatile stimulation by GnRH to synthesize and release the gonadotropins LH and FSH. Clinically, native GnRH is used in a pump delivery system to create an episodic delivery pat

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7

Filippa, Verónica, Daiana Godoy, Edith Perez, and Fabian Mohamed. "Effects of castration on androgen receptors and gonadotropins in the pituitary of adult male viscachas." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 26, no. 7 (2014): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd13126.

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The aims of the present study were to determine whether castration results in quantitative immunohistochemical changes in androgen receptors (AR), LH-immunoreactive (IR) cells and FSH-IR cells, and to analyse the colocalisation of AR and gonadotropins in the pituitary pars distalis (PD) of viscachas. Pituitaries were processed for light and electron microscopy. AR-IR, LH-IR and FSH-IR cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. In morphometric studies, the percentage of AR-IR, LH-IR, FSH-IR, LH-IR/AR-IR and FSH-IR/AR-IR cells was determined. In intact viscachas, AR were distributed throughout

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8

Emanuele, N. V., J. Jurgens, N. La Paglia, D. W. Williams, and M. R. Kelley. "The effect of castration on steady state levels of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) mRNA and proLHRH processing: time course study utilizing semi-quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction." Journal of Endocrinology 148, no. 3 (1996): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1480509.

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Abstract Many studies have consistently shown that castration induces a prompt increase in serum levels and pituitary content of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as well as a concomitant rise in steady state levels of the messenger RNAs directing their synthesis. The reports of effects of castration on the overall physiology of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) — steady state levels of LHRH mRNA, post-translational processing and secretion — have, however, not been consistent. The goal of the studies reported here was t

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9

TANG, KECHUN, ANDRZEJ BARTKE, CATHERINE S. GARDINER, THOMAS E. WAGNER, and JEUNG S. YUN‡. "Testosterone Feedback on Gonadotropin Secretion and Gene Expression in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Growth Hormone Gene." Journal of Andrology 15, no. 1 (1994): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1994.tb01673.x.

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ABSTRACT: To determine the effects of testosterone on the regulation of gonadotropins in metallothionein‐1/human growth hormone (MT/hGH) transgenic mice, basal and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)‐stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) release from incubated pituitaries, as well as pituitary content of LH, FSH, and mRNA for their respective β subunits, were measured in normal and transgenic males that were injected with testosterone propionate (5 μg/g body weight; 24 hours before autopsy), injected with oil vehicle, castrated for 10 days, or sham operat

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10

Lindzey, Jonathan, William C. Wetsel, John F. Couse, Tammy Stoker, Ralph Cooper та Kenneth S. Korach. "Effects of Castration and Chronic Steroid Treatments on Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Content and Pituitary Gonadotropins in Male Wild-Type and Estrogen Receptor-α Knockout Mice". Endocrinology 139, № 10 (1998): 4092–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.10.6253.

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Abstract Testicular androgens are integral components of the hormonal feedback loops that regulate circulating levels of LH and FSH. The sites of feedback include hypothalamic areas regulating GnRH neurons and pituitary gonadotropes. To better define the roles of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor-α (ERα), and estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) in mediating feedback effects of sex steroids on reproductive neuroendocrine function, we have determined the effects of castration and steroid replacement therapy on hypothalamic GnRH content, pituitary LHβ and FSHβ messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, and serum

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11

Ceda, G., L. Denti, G. Ceresini, et al. "Secretion of Alpha-Subunit and Intact Gonadotropins after Surgical and Chemical Castration." Hormone and Metabolic Research 22, no. 03 (1990): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1004878.

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12

Scarlet, Dragos, Christine Aurich, Natascha Ille, et al. "Anti-Muellerian hormone, inhibin A, gonadotropins, and gonadotropin receptors in bull calves after partial scrotal resection, orchidectomy, and Burdizzo castration." Theriogenology 87 (January 2017): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.08.030.

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13

CHRISTENSEN, RICHARD B., ROBERT G. FORAGE, ROBERT A. STEINER, and WILLIAM J. BREMNER. "Effects of Castration and Recombinant Human Inhibin Administration on Circulating Levels of Inhibin and Gonadotropins in Adult Male Monkeys." Journal of Andrology 15, no. 2 (1994): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1994.tb00415.x.

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ABSTRACT: Inhibin has been suggested to play a role in gonadal feedback regulation of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion; however, neither the half‐life nor the time course of action of recombinant inhibin has been reported in any primate species. We sought to determine the disappearance half‐life of circulating endogenous inhibin following castration in adult male monkeys, Macaca fascicularis, and to determine the half‐life of administered recombinant human inhibin A and its effect on bioactive FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in castrate monkeys. Endogenous inhibin fell from

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14

Hannesdóttir, S. G., X. Han, T. Lund, et al. "Changes in the reproductive system of male mice immunized with a GnRH-analogue conjugated to mycobacterial hsp70." Reproduction 128, no. 3 (2004): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00108.

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Immunosterilization is an attractive alternative to surgical castration. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) controls the production of the gonadotropins thereby having an orchestrating effect on the reproductive hormone cascade and spermatogenesis. Induction of neutralizing antibody can abrogate the effect of the hormone. Current GnRH-based vaccines often require strong adjuvants and/or multiple injections of the vaccines to overcome variability in the response. Heat shock proteins (hsp) have been used as carrier molecules because of their powerful intrinsic ability to enhance an immune res

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15

Rossano, G. L., J. E. Stern, S. N. Justo, B. Szwarcfarb, J. A. Moguilevsky, and D. P. Cardinali. "Peripheral autonomic regulation of gonadotropin secretion in pubertal rats. Inhibition of post-castration rise of gonadotropins during wallerian degeneration after sympathetic superior cervical ganglionectomy." Journal of Neural Transmission 96, no. 1 (1994): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01277927.

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16

Gill, M., S. Karanth, A. Dutt, and H. Juneja. "Effect of Castration and Steroid Treatment on the Release of Gonadotropins by the Rat Pituitary-Hypothalamus ComplexIn Vitro." Hormone and Metabolic Research 17, no. 03 (1985): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1013474.

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Turner, R., R. Rathi, A. Honaramooz, W. Zeng, and I. Dobrinski. "268 GERM CELL DEVELOPMENT IN EQUINE TESTIS TISSUE XENOGRAFTED INTO MICE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab268.

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Grafting of testis tissue from immature animals under the back skin of immunodeficient mice results in complete spermatogenesis, albeit with different levels of efficiency in different species. While spermatogenesis develops comparably to that in the donor species in xenografts from pigs, sheep and goats, spermatogenic differentiation is less efficient in testis tissue from cats and bulls. Testicular maturation was significantly accelerated in rhesus monkey testis grafts whereas timing was similar to that in the donor species in cats and bulls. The objective of this study was to investigate if

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18

Javidi, Mozhan, Alireza Gholami, and Parvaneh Maghami. "Cloning and Expression of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone to Develop an Immunological-based Sterilization Vaccine." Immunoregulation 6, no. 2 (2024): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/immunoregulation.6.2.1.

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Background: Gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide involved in mammals’ fertility and may also serve as a candidate target for cancer immunotherapy. Immunonsterilization is known as a proper alternative to surgical castration and has been advocated by European countries in recent years. Immunization with GnRH can effectively inhibit the secretion of gonadotropins and cause infertility in both genders of mammals. In this study, a recombinant trimer of GnRH is designed and expressed in a prokaryotic system. Materials and Methods: A construct containing GnRH trimer was designe

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19

Goh, H. H., and S. S. Ratnam. "Effects of estrogens, clomiphene and castration in a male transsexual with as compared to those without hypersecretion of gonadotropins." Gynecological Endocrinology 4, no. 2 (1990): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09513599009012329.

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Bergendahl, M., and I. Huhtaniemi. "The time since castration influences the effects of short-term starvation on gonadotrophin secretion in male rats." Journal of Endocrinology 143, no. 2 (1994): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1430209.

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Abstract Short-term starvation suppresses the pituitary-testicular function in rats, evidently through inhibition of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release. However, when gonadotrophin secretion is strongly enhanced, e.g. after castration, starvation does not suppress gonadotrophins. To test whether the time since castration affects the pituitary response to starvation, adult male rats were totally deprived of food for five days (only water allowed) immediately (acute castration) or two weeks after castration (chronic castration). The pituitary contents of GnRH receptors were decreased

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21

Pakarinen, P., and I. Huhtaniemi. "Age-related discrepancies between serum and pituitary gonadotrophin, and pituitary gonadotrophin subunit mRNA responses to castration and testosterone replacement in male rats." Journal of Endocrinology 135, no. 3 (1992): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1350507.

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ABSTRACT The responses of gonadotrophin gene expression, pituitary content and serum levels to castration alone and castration plus testosterone replacement (silicone elastomer implants) were compared in male rats at 10, 30, 60 and 90 days of age. Sham-operated animals served as controls. In addition, 30-day-old castrated rats were treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and diethylstilboestrol (DES). When killed 7 days after castration, the increases in serum LH (six- to eightfold; P < 0·01) and FSH (two- to fourfold; P < 0·01) were similar at all ages studied. Likewise, testosterone rev

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22

Bajetta, Emilio, Luigi Celio, Nicoletta Zilembo, et al. "Ovarian Function Suppression with the Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogue Goserelin in Premenopausal Advanced Breast Cancer." Tumori Journal 80, no. 1 (1994): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169408000105.

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Aims and background Goserelin is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue that induces the suppression of gonadal steroidogenesis, and it could therefore be a medical alternative to irreversible surgical castration. We report the clinical and endocrine results from 40 goserelin-treated premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. Methods A depot formulation of the drug (3.6 mg s.c.) was administered fortnightly for the first 4 doses, and monthly thereafter. Gonadotrophins and estradiol (E2) levels were measured before and at specific times during the treatment. Results Objectiv

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23

Brar, A. K., A. S. McNeilly, and G. Fink. "Effects of hyperprolactinaemia and testosterone on the release of LH-releasing hormone and the gonadotrophins in intact and castrated rats." Journal of Endocrinology 104, no. 1 (1985): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1040035.

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ABSTRACT We have investigated the effect of hyperprolactinaemia on the secretion of LH-releasing hormone (LHRH), LH and FSH in male rats of the PVG strain which were left intact, castrated or castrated and then implanted with either a 10 or 30 mm silicone elastomer capsule containing testosterone (T10 and T30 respectively). Hyperprolactinaemia was produced by pituitary grafts under the kidney capsule. Pituitary stalk blood, for LHRH estimation, and peripheral blood, for LH, FSH and prolactin, were collected under alphaxalone anaesthesia. Pituitary stalk blood was collected during three consecu

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D'Occhio, M. J., D. R. Gifford, T. Weatherly, and B. P. Setchell. "Evidence of gonadal steroid-independent changes in activity of the central LH-releasing hormone pulse generator in developing bull calves." Journal of Endocrinology 111, no. 1 (1986): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1110067.

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ABSTRACT To ascertain whether temporal changes in activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in prepubertal bulls may occur independently of shifts in sensitivity to steroid feedback, the acute post-castration rise in serum gonadotrophins was monitored in bull calves castrated at monthly intervals from 4 to 9 months of age. Since a major feature of the gonadotrophin profiles of developing bulls is a change in LH pulse frequency early in life, pulsatile LH secretion after castration was used as an index of activity of the central LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) pulse generator. Relative to the day

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Kooy, A., R. F. A. Weber, M. P. Ooms, and J. T. M. Vreeburg. "Effects of the new prolactin-producing tumour 7315b on gonadotrophin secretion in adult male and female rats." Journal of Endocrinology 120, no. 2 (1989): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1200261.

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ABSTRACT The effects of the transplantable purely prolactin-secreting tumour 7315b on serum gonadotrophins were studied in adult rats. Possible contributions of the adrenals to the tumour-induced inhibition of serum LH and FSH were evaluated. The suppressive actions of tumour 7315b on serum gonadotrophins in gonadectomized plus adrenalectomized male and female rats were compared. Within 4 weeks after inoculation of tumour 7315b in intact male rats very high levels of prolactin and decreased serum levels of gonadotrophins and testosterone were recorded. At autopsy reduced weights of testes and

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Jean-Faucher, Ch, N. El Watik, M. Berger, M. de Turckheim, G. Veyssière, and Cl Jean. "Regulation of gonadotrophin secretion in male mice from birth to adulthood. Response to LRH injection, castration and testosterone replacement therapy." Acta Endocrinologica 110, no. 2 (1985): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1100193.

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Abstract. Plasma LH and FSH concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in male mice from birth to adulthood after LRH injection, castration and testosterone replacement therapy. Except at birth for LH, LRH significantly increased circulating levels of both gonadotrophins at all stages studied. It is suggested that a change in the pituitary LH response to LRH occurs around puberty and perhaps represents the time of initiation of pubertal processes. At all stages studied (except the infantile stage for LH) castration resulted in a significant rise in circulating LH and FSH levels. The ma

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Rathi, R., A. Honaramooz, W. Zeng, R. Turner, and I. Dobrinski. "267 TESTIS TISSUE XENOGRAFTING AS A BIOASSAY FOR GERM CELL DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL IN EQUINE CRYPTORCHID TESTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab267.

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In domestic animals, spermatogenic differentiation is blocked in abdominally retained testes exposed to core body temperature. It is not known if undifferentiated germ cells are retained in long-term cryptorchid equine testes, nor is it known whether any surviving germ cells retain their ability to progress through spermatogenesis. If functional germ cells do persist in equine abdominal testes, then the possibility exists that offspring could be derived even from bilaterally cryptorchid individuals. Previously, we reported an in vivo model where completion of spermatogenesis with production of

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Willa, Mahani, Tri Utami, and Tarsisius C. Tophianong. "Literature Study Of Overview Of Castration Implementation In Pig." Jurnal Veteriner Nusantara 5, no. 2 (2022): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jvn.v5i2.7294.

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Castration or orchiectomy is a surgical procedure performed on the testes, in the form of taking or cutting the testicles from the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum age, castration technique and the advantages and disadvantages of castration in pigs. This literature study was obtained from searching and collecting various sources from Google Scholar by using the Mendeley application. Based on the results of the study, castration in pigs is more effective in cattle aged between 3-6 weeks of age because it affects growth, food conversion coefficient and carcass quality

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Bagu, E. T., S. Cook, C. L. Gratton, and N. C. Rawlings. "Postnatal changes in testicular gonadotropin receptors, serum gonadotropin, and testosterone concentrations and functional development of the testes in bulls." Reproduction 132, no. 3 (2006): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00768.

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The primary objectives of this study were to follow the temporal patterns of testicular LH and FSH receptor (LH-R and FSH-R) concentrations and affinity (Ka) during sexual maturation in bulls and to see if such patterns could help explain the control of rapid testicular growth that occurs after 25 weeks of age, when serum gonadotropin concentrations are low. Separate groups of Hereford × Charolais calves (n = 6) were castrated every 4 weeks from 5 to 33 weeks of age and at 56 weeks of age. A week prior to castrations, from 5 to 33 weeks of age, blood was collected every 15 min for 10 h. The tr

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Mutayoba, BM, PD Eckersall, IA Jeffcoate, MJA Harvey, V. Cestnik, and PH Holmes. "Effects of castration on luteinizing hormone secretion and response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in sheep infected with Trypanosoma congolense." European Journal of Endocrinology 134, no. 1 (1996): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1340115.

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Mutayoba BM, Eckersall PD, Jeffcoate IA, Harvey MJA, Cestnik V. Holmes, PH. Effects of castration on luteinizing hormone secretion and response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in sheep infected with Trypanosoma congolense, Eur J Endocrinol 1996:134:115–22. ISSN 0804–4643 The effects of trypanosomiasis on the endocrine function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis were investigated before and after castration of Scottish Blackface rams infected with Trypanosoma congolense and uninfected controls. Blood samples were collected at 15-min intervals for 6 h before and at 10,20,40, 60, 80, 10

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Nestorovic, Natasa, Svetlana Trifunovic, Ivana Jaric, et al. "Sex steroid application reverses changes in rat castration cells: Unbiased stereological analysis." Archives of Biological Sciences 68, no. 4 (2016): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs151201070n.

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The aim of the present study was to examine the morphometric characteristics of folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) immunoreactive cells in the pituitaries of orchidectomized (Orx) and Orx testosterone- or estradiol-treated rats. Adult male Orx Wistar rats, 2 weeks post operation, received estradiol dipropionate (E) or testosterone propionate (T) for 3 weeks. Both controls, sham-operated (So) and Orx rats, were injected with solvent, in the same regime. Changes in the volume of pars distalis, the volumes of individual FSH- and LH-labeled cells, their numerical densit

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Grattan, D. R., S. K. Park, and M. Selmanoff. "Orchidectomy and NMDA increase GnRH secretion as measured by push-pull perfusion of rat anterior pituitary." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 268, no. 4 (1995): E685—E692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.4.e685.

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Using push-pull perfusion to measure concentrations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the extracellular fluid of the anterior pituitary gland of the male rat, we have measured GnRH release at specific times before and after castration and in response to acute administration of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). After castration (7 days), mean GnRH levels were substantially increased (4.3-fold) compared with intact controls (0.94 +/- 0.16 vs. 0.22 +/- 0.08 pg/10 min, respectively, P < 0.05) due to an increase in both the frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses. Testosterone partially redu

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Font-i-Furnols, Maria, Anna Claret, Luis Guerrero, and Antoni Dalmau. "Consumers’ Expectations about Meat from Surgical Castrated or Immunocastrated Male and Female Iberian Pigs." Animals 12, no. 4 (2022): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040468.

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A common practice in Iberian pigs is the castration of both males and females, and it can be carried out surgically or by immunization against gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF). The aim of this work was to determine consumers’ overall liking and expectations towards Iberian pork from five different sex types (castrated females, entire females, GnRF-vaccinated females, castrated males and GnRF-vaccinated males), as well as to know the attitudes and beliefs of consumers towards castration and immunocastration. Loins from 83 Iberian pigs were collected and evaluated by 252 consumers in Barcelo

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Abduloeva, N. K., M. V. Scriabin, О. А. Skripko, et al. "HISTORY OF CANCER HORMONOTHERAPY." Practical oncology 24, no. 2 (2023): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31917/2402105.

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breast cancer, epidemiology, risk factors, classification, diagnosis, prognosis, marker, treatment, Lobular carcinoma in situ ((DCIS), time to progression (TTP), complete regression, partial regression, metastatic breast cancer (MBC), median progression-free survival (PFS), overall response, LH-RH agonists and antagonists, receptor estrogen, LH-releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-receptor antagonists, overall survival, prostate cancer, Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), receptor androgens, prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

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Wilson, C. A., H. J. Herdon, L. C. Bailey, and R. N. Clayton. "Effect of testosterone on gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptors in the castrated rat: preliminary evidence for a stimulatory effect of testosterone on gonadotrophin function in the male rat." Journal of Endocrinology 108, no. 3 (1986): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1080441.

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ABSTRACT In the long-term castrated rat the negative feedback effect of testosterone is markedly reduced and the raised levels of plasma LH seen in the castrated animals are not suppressed by physiological concentrations of plasma testosterone. In this study we have measured pituitary gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor content as well as plasma and pituitary LH on days 1, 10 and 40 after castration and noted the effect of testosterone replacement on these parameters. We found that the negative feedback effect of physiological concentrations of testosterone on plasma and pituitary

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Bergeron, Jeffrey A., Dean A. Hendrickson, and Patrick M. McCue. "Viability of an inguinal testis after laparoscopic cauterization and transection of its blood supply." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213, no. 9 (1998): 1303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1998.213.09.1303.

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Laparoscopic castration of cryptorchid or hemicastrated horses is a viable surgical technique; however, transection of the spermatic chord to induce avascular necrosis of testicular tissue that is left in place can result in revascularization with subsequent production of testosterone and stallion-like behavior. Endocrine tests, such as determination of testosterone concentration and the human chorionic gonadotropin response test, can be used to identify horses that presumably have been castrated but have viable testicular tissue.

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Aguilar, Adriana, Jacques Planas, Enrique Trilla, and Juan Morote. "Methods for Evaluating the Efficacy of Medical Castration: A Systematic Review." Cancers 15, no. 13 (2023): 3479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133479.

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Measuring serum testosterone determination during medical castration is recommended by prostate cancer (PCa) guidelines to assess its efficacy and define castration resistance. It has been suggested that other biochemical compounds, such as free testosterone or luteinising hormone (LH), could also assess castration efficacy. We aimed to analyse the current evidence for serum biochemical compounds that could be appropriate candidates for evaluating medical castration efficacy. A systematic review was conducted after two investigators independently searched the literature in the PubMed, Cochrane

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Watanabe, Tsuyoshi, Tomohiro Banno, Thomas Jeziorowski, et al. "Effects of Sex Steroids on Secretory Granule Formation in Gonadotropes of Castrated Male Rats with Respect to Granin Expression*." Endocrinology 139, no. 6 (1998): 2765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.6.6059.

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Abstract Pituitary gonadotropes show sex-related differences in their ultrastructure. Typical gonadotropes of male rats exhibit both large granules, which contain chromogranin A (CgA), and small granules, which contain secretogranin II (SgII). In contrast, typical female rat gonadotropes show only a very few large granules among the numerous small granules. To clarify the nature of the biogenesis of these secretory granules and the effects of sex steroids, the ultrastructural and immunocytochemical changes in gonadotropes were examined in castrated male rats supplied with a testosterone or est

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Almeida, O. F. X., A. H. S. Hassan, K. E. Nikolarakis, and G. B. Martin. "Diminished role of LHRH in the control of gonadotroph morphology and function in the long-term castrated male rat." Journal of Endocrinology 123, no. 2 (1989): 263—NP. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1230263.

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ABSTRACT It was found in previous studies that the neurotransmitter control of the secretion of LHRH and LH differs between long-term castrated and ovariectomized rats. One interpretation of these data was that there was a reduced 'positive drive' in the male, and the question was raised 'how do the gonadotrophs of long-term castrated rats maintain a high level of LH secretion?'. In the present series of experiments, evidence for a reduced dependence of the gonadotrophs upon LHRH stimulation is provided. Although sensitivity to native LHRH was not completely lost in long-term castrated rats, t

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Wojciechowski, Norbert J., Charles A. Carter, Vasilios A. Skoutakis, David T. Bess, William J. Falbe, and Timothy R. Mickle. "Leuprolide: A Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog for the Palliative Treatment of Prostatic Cancer." Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 20, no. 10 (1986): 746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808602001001.

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Leuprolide is the first member of the class of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist analog to be released in the U.S. The pharmacology of leuprolide is complex and not yet completely defined. This agonist analog is more potent than natural GnRH and appears to be capable of occupying pituitary GnRH receptors. This results in a “down regulation” of the receptors' activity and gonadotropin release, ultimately decreasing serum testosterone levels to those seen following castration. Leuprolide has been found effective in the palliative treatment of advanced cases of prostatic cancer and is

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Harvey, H. A., A. Lipton, D. T. Max, H. G. Pearlman, R. Diaz-Perches, and J. de la Garza. "Medical castration produced by the GnRH analogue leuprolide to treat metastatic breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 3, no. 8 (1985): 1068–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1985.3.8.1068.

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Leuprolide (Lupron, TAP Pharmaceuticals, North Chicago), a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, was administered to 26 premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer. Of 25 evaluable patients, 11 (44%) had a partial response with a median duration of 39 weeks and five (20%) remained stable. Six patients showed early rapid progression of their disease. Toxicity was mild and included hot flashes, nausea, vomiting, and headache. Leuprolide induced amenorrhea in all patients who received treatment for ten weeks or longer. We conclude that this GnRH analogue provides a safe and effective mea

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Topie, Emmanuel. "Castration réversible du chien mâle : quelles méthodes utiliser ?" Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire canine & féline 15, no. 70 (2018): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/npvcafe/70035.

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La desloréline dispose d'une AMM en Europe chez le chien mâle sous forme d’implant à libération prolongée de 4,7 mg et 9,4 mg (Suprelorin®) pour l’induction d’une infertilité temporaire chez les chiens mâles arrivés à maturité sexuelle, non castrés et en bonne santé. Après une stimulation initiale, l'implant induit une diminution de la sécrétion de gonadotropines et de testostérone. Ses indications sont le contrôle de la reproduction en présence de femelles, le contrôle des agressions en présence d’autres mâles, de tester de manière réversible l’intérêt de la castration sur des comportements i

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Kolho, K. L., and I. Huhtaniemi. "Suppression and recovery of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion in intact and orchidectomized rats treated neonatally with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist." Journal of Endocrinology 122, no. 2 (1989): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1220519.

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ABSTRACT Suppression of neonatal rat pituitary-testis function by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists results in delayed sexual maturation and infertility. Since the mechanism is not understood, the acute effects of a GnRH antagonist on gonadotrophin secretion in neonatal male rats has been studied in more detail. Treatment with a GnRH antagonist analogue, N-Ac-d-Nal(2)1,d-p-Cl-Phe2,d-Trp3,d-hArg(ET2)6,d-Ala10-GnRH (2 mg/kg per day) on days 1–10 of life had prolonged effects on gonadotrophin secretion; serum LH and FSH recovered in 1 week, but the pituitary content took 2 weeks

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Machado, Diego Soares, Guilherme Joner, Lucas Braido Pereira, Luciana Pötter, Ivan Luiz Brondani, and Dari Celestino Alves Filho. "Meta-analysis of the immunocastration technique (anti-GnRH) for male bovines in the finishing phase." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 8 (2018): 961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800011.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the effects of immunocastration on the performance and carcass quality of steers in the finishing phase, compared with non-castration and surgical castration. Data from ten studies with records of 1,261 male bovines were analyzed. The studies included in the meta-analysis necessarily contained treatments with immunocastration specifically against the gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Each study was considered as a random effect in the statistical model used. The data were tested for homogeneity of variances and residue normality, and then subje

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Ranjan, Raushan Kumar, and Akash Chandra. "Apalutamide: a better option for the treatment of non-metastatic castration resistant prostatic carcinoma." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 9 (2018): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183502.

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Prostate cancer is cancer of the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow growing; however, some grow relatively quickly. The cancer cells may spread from the prostate to other area of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes. Factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer include older age, a family history of the disease, and race. About 99% of cases occur in males over the age of 50. Clinical features include hematuria, dysuria (painful urination),nocturia(urination at night). Lower blood levels of vitami D may increase the risk of develop

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Yu, Li, Zhong-Fang Zhang, Chun-Xia Jing, and Feng-Lin Wu. "Intraperitoneal administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-PE40 induces castration in male rats." World Journal of Gastroenterology 14, no. 13 (2008): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.14.2106.

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Ferro, V. A., J. E. O'grady, J. Notman, and W. H. Stimson. "Immunological castration using a gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone analogue conjugated to PPD." Food and Agricultural Immunology 7, no. 3 (1995): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540109509354884.

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Gómez, J. F. M., A. Saran Netto, D. S. Antonelo, et al. "Effects of immunocastration on the performance and meat quality traits of feedlot-finished Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle." Animal Production Science 59, no. 1 (2019): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17102.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of immunocastration on the performance, testosterone concentration, carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot-finished Nellore cattle. Fifty-eight males (430 ± 36 kg bodyweight; 24 months old) were separated into three groups in a randomised complete design: surgically castration (n = 15), immunocastrated (anti-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Bopriva®) vaccine, n = 21) and non-castrated (n = 22). The animals were housed in individual pens and fed ad libitum for 90 days with a common diet comprising 70% concentrate and 30% roughage (corn silage). The no

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Rueff, Larry, Martha Mellencamp, and Lucina Galina Pantoja. "Performance of immunologically castrated pigs at a commercial demonstration farm over 3.5 years." Journal of Swine Health and Production 27, no. 6 (2019): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1128.

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A longitudinal study was conducted to evaluate performance and mortality of male pigs following immunological castration with a commercial gonadotropin releasing hormone analog-diphtheria toxoid conjugate (Improvest). Twelve groups of intact male weanling pigs (approximately 250/group) were delivered to a single barn over 3.5 years. Two doses of Improvest were administered subcutaneously, with the first dose given at 10 to 15 weeks of age and the second dose given at 18 to 19 weeks of age. Wean-to-market average daily gain (ADG) among the 12 test groups ranged from 0.83 to 0.99 kg/day (mean, 0

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Abbot, S. D., K. Docherty, and R. N. Clayton. "Gonadal regulation of pituitary hormone mRNA levels in male rats." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 1, no. 1 (1988): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0010061.

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ABSTRACT The control of anterior pituitary hormone gene expression by testosterone in male rat pituitaries in vivo was investigated using dot-blot mRNA-cDNA hybridization assays. Common α subunit mRNA levels doubled by 2 days after orchidectomy and rose progressively to reach plateau levels three to four times intact control values by 2 weeks. LH-β mRNA increased significantly (≃50%) within 12h, and thereafter progressively to seven times intact control values by 3 weeks after orchidectomy. The changes in α mRNA were likely to have occurred in gonadotrophs and not thyrotrophs, since TSH-β mRNA

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