Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Government purchasing – european union countries

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Government purchasing – european union countries”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

Burlacioiu, Cristina. "Online Commerce Pattern in European Union Countries between 2019 and 2020." Societies 13, no. 1 (2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc13010004.

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The development of information technology, along with the high growth and diversification of consumer needs, has revolutionized the way in which business-to-consumer transactions occur. All this progress was boosted by the COVID-19 pandemic period in a different manner in each EU country, depending on different local aspects. The main goal of this paper is to determine the key characteristics of e-commerce in European Union countries in a pandemic context, based on Eurostat Digital Economy data for 2019–2020. Therefore, for an easier visualization, based on PCA, using 27 analyzed variables, ne

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Popescu, Gheorghe H., Jean Vasile Andrei, Violeta Sima, Elvira Nica, Luminita Chivu, and Ileana Georgiana Gheorghe. "A cross-sectional study of factors influencing purchasing cars in European Union – does the electric and hybrid cars change the contemporary business approach?" Journal of Business Economics and Management 25, no. 6 (2024): 1260–82. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2024.22721.

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This study aims to examine the expansion of the electric vehicle fleet in the context of transport electrification in the European Union. We assessed the car market, following demand and sales trends for electric and hybrid cars. It was explored the possibility of a causal relationship among the percentage of BEV + PHEV in the total fleet and purchasing power, loading infrastructure, government support, the level of education and the degree of digitalization. To achieve the main objectives of the research to assess the existence and magnitude of the causal effects of the considered variables o

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Lebedeva, Irina, Larisa Nоrіk, and Stepan Lebedev. "Government expenditure on education in the light of the paradigm of sustainable development: Econometric spatial models and models of dynamics." Development management 21, no. 3 (2023): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.57111/devt/3.2023.43.

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The knowledge economy is a paradigm of the post-industrial stage of the development of society, therefore research on the relationship between the level of the main economic indicators and state spending on education is relevant. The purpose of this article was to assess the impact of the main economic indicators on the state spending on education both in total and per capita. Econometric models based on spatial data as well as dynamics models were constructed, and the Goldfeld-Quandt test was performed. The study was conducted on the example of the most influential countries of the world and

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Csáki, Csaba, Clifford P. McCue, and Eric Prier. "Utilizing Open Data: A Primer for Public Procurement Research." European Journal of Public Procurement Markets 1, no. 2 (2019): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54611/lhov1465.

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Numerous open data initiatives by governments around the globe ostensibly promote better transparency and accountability, yet questions have arisen regarding the immediate usability of these datasets. This research reports on an attempt to utilize purchasing data published under the open data program of the European Union, which provides all expenditure data over certain thresholds from 33 European countries. However, the data and its informational quality as it has been published in CSV format leaves holes in trying to close that accountability gap across countries. This case study offers a r

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Bobeshko, A. V. "Emigration of Hungarians to Great Britain at the beginning of the 21st century in the context of the migration policy under the V. Orban government." Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 10, no. 2 (2023): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2023.2.2.

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Introduction. The complex processes taking place in the European Union after Brexit and COVID-19 as well as the outbreak of conflict in Ukraine in 2022 have once again drawn the attention of the academic community and the public to the development problems of Central and Eastern Europe. One of these problems is the migration process taking place in the region and their economic, cultural and political consequences. The V. Orban government pursues a cautious policy of accepting Ukrainian refugees. Such actions are both politically and economically motivated. Materials and Methods. In the proces

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Zimon, Grzegorz, Marek Sobolewski, and Grzegorz Lew. "An Influence of Group Purchasing Organizations on Financial Security of SMEs Operating in the Renewable Energy Sector—Case for Poland." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112926.

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European countries are increasingly using renewable energy. Poland is an outsider of such solutions. The Polish energy sector is primarily based on energy produced from coal. However, environmental changes and regulations of the European Union are forcing the increased use of energy from renewable sources. Renewable energy is an industry that is still developing in Poland. At the same time, Poland is a country where the political decisions of the government over the last few years have resulted in a significant limitation of the possibilities of renewable energy development. These actions have

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Ferrari, Giuseppe Franco. "La complessitŕ dei mercati energetici e la necessitŕ di una regolazione multilivello." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 3 (July 2009): 121–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2008-003006.

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- The energy markets are very complex, because, on the one hand, they imply several different activities and, on the other hand, they involve various levels of govern- 183 ment. The energy market is divided indeed in different segments: supply (generation or purchasing), transmission, distribution and sale, which are allocated at different levels of government, from the international and European level (with reference to the security of energy supply), to the local level (with specific regard to the distribution and sale). This complexity makes the energy sector particularly critical, under th

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Derevyanko, B., and O. Turkot. "LEGAL SUPPORT FOR COMPENSATION OF THE FINANCIAL LOSSES EXPERIENCED BY UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS: ROLE OF THE STATE, THE EUROPEAN UNION, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Pravo 13, no. 25 (2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3047-2023-13-25-5-15.

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The aim of the article is to identify the role of the state, the European Union, and international organizations in the processes of legal support for reimbursement of the financial losses experienced by Ukrainian agricultural producers because of hostilities and aggression of the Russian federation against Ukraine, and to outline prospects by analyzing the current situation, regulatory, scientific and other sources. The conducted research confirms important position of the state in providing legal support for financial loss compensation, however, proves its mainly advisory and assisting chara

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Bogacki, Sylwester, Wińczysław Jastrzębski, and Agnieszka Laskowska. "Housing policy in the social and economic sphere. Housing policy relationships and other specific policies." Journal of Modern Science 54, no. 5 (2023): 677–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/jms/176399.

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Abstrakt Housing policy aspiring to have a general social impact, subtracting from the scale of the state, like any other policy in this scope, is conducted in the European Union countries by the public sector. This sector remains a significant point of reference for this policy. The activity of the public sector in the countries of post-war Western Europe varies in intensity over time and is carried out at different spatial levels - also in relation to housing. The public sector has been subject to a tendency towards apparent self-limitation for at least the last four decades. This occurs mai

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Kuruvilla, Sarosh. "Shifting Modes of Labor Regulation in Global Supply Chains." Asia Policy 19, no. 1 (2024): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asp.2024.a918873.

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executive summary: This essay outlines the changing modes of regulation of labor conditions in global apparel supply chains, which are mostly concentrated in Asia; assesses the effectiveness of 25 years of private voluntary regulation by global firms; and examines critically the implications of new European regulation now mandating what was previously a voluntary corporate activity. main argumentAsia is the global center of apparel production, with Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Vietnam all being major exporters. Since the 1990s, activist pressure in developed cou

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

KARAGIANNIS, Yannis. "Preference heterogeneity and equilibrium institutions: The case of European competition policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/15460.

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Defence date: 21 December 2007 Examining board: Prof. Adrienne Héritier (EUI)(Supervisor) ; Prof. Christian Joerges (EUI, Law Department) ; Prof. Jacint Jordana (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona) ; Prof. Hussein Kassim (Birkbeck College, University of London) PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses One characteristic of European competition policy is its complex governance structure. On the one hand, the European competition regulator has always enjoyed a high degree of formal autonomy from national governments. On the other hand, that regulator ha

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Prosser, Christopher. "Rethinking representation and European integration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1f596c7e-bfb9-43ff-b3e8-2de716f234ec.

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In representative democracy the chain of political legitimacy runs from voters to governments through votes cast at elections. In order for representation to occur, political parties must offer distinct policy platforms that citizens consider in their vote choices. This thesis examines whether citizens are adequately represented within the European Union. It finds that although representation on left-right issues occurs, it does not occur for European integration preferences. Over the course its history, European integration has changed from being primarily an economic issue to a social issue.

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Li, Xin. "European identity, a case study." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555548.

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Harvey, Matthew. "Constituting a Commonwealth for Europe and beyond." Monash University, Faculty of Law, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5642.

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Carey, Sean D. (Sean Damien). "A Political and Macroeconomic Explanation of Public Support for European Integration." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278919/.

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This study develops a model of macroeconomic and political determinants of public support for European integration. The research is conducted on pooled cross-sectional time-series data from five European Union member states between 1978 and 1994. The method used in this analysis is a Generalized Least Squares - Autoregressive Moving Average approach. The factors hypothesized to determine a macroeconomic explanation of public support for integration are inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. The effect of the major economic reform in the 1980s, the Single European Act, is hypothesized to

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FERNANDES, Daniel. "Governments, public opinion, and social policy : change in Western Europe." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/75046.

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Defence date: 21 November 2022 Examining Board: Prof. Ellen Immergut (EUI, Supervisor); Prof. Anton Hemerijck (EUI); Prof. Christoffer Green-Pedersen (Aarhus University); Prof. Evelyne Hübscher (Central European University) This dissertation investigates how public opinion and government partisanship affect social policy. It brings an innovative perspective that links the idea of democratic representation to debates about the welfare state. The general claim made here is that social policy is a function of public and government preferences. This claim hinges on two critical premises. The

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Lai, I. Tak. "Towards the EU common migration and asylum policy : challenges or opportunities?" Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555551.

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Zhang, Lu. "Is the EU a social union? :the function of common social policy for European integration." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2554777.

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IBANEZ, GARZARAN Zyab Luis. "Access to non-vulnerable part-time employment in the Netherlands, Spain and the UK, with special reference to the school and local government sectors." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/12002.

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Defence date: 14 December 2007 Examining board: Professor Colin Crouch, University of Warwick (EUI Supervisor); Professor Ramón Ramos Torre, Universidad Complutense; Professor Martin Rhodes, University of Denver; Professor Jelle Visser, Universiteit van Amsterdam PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses A large part of the literature on part-time employment stresses that this form of employment contract is the result of employers’ strategies and female employees who need to reconcile work and family life. However, the growth in the number of employees

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PAOLINI, Giulia. "The legitimacy deficit of the European Union and the role of national parliaments." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/10445.

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Defence date: 17 September 2007 Examining Board: Prof. Morten Kelstrup, (University of Copenhagen) ; Prof. Peter Mair, (European University Institute) ; Prof. Gianfranco Pasquino, (University of Bologna) ; Prof. Philippe C. Schmitter, (EUI Professional Fellow) PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses no abstract available

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Książki na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

1962-, Arrowsmith Sue, and Kunzlik Peter F, eds. Social and environmental policies in EC procurement law: New directives and new directions. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Dimitrakopoulos, Dionyssis G. The power of the centre: Central governments and the macro-implementation of EU public policy. Manchester University Press, 2008.

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Dimitrakopoulos, Dionyssis G. The power of the centre: Central governments and the macro-implementation of EU public policy. Manchester University Press, 2008.

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Arrowsmith, Sue, and Steen Treumer. Competitive dialogue in EU procurement. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Fairgrieve, Duncan, and François Lichère. Public procurement law: Damages as an effective remedy. Hart Publishing, 2011.

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Usherwood, Simon McDougall. The European Union. Routledge, 2011.

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Simon, Bromley, and Open University, eds. Governing the European Union. SAGE Publications in association with the Open University, 2001.

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Neill, Nugent, ed. European Union enlargement. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Bovis, Christopher. Public procurement in the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Warleigh, Alex. European Union: The basics. Routledge, 2004.

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Części książek na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

Bednář, Milan. "Fiscal Policy and Government Debt in the Twenty-First Century." In Fiscal Policy in the Southern European Union Countries. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29761-8_2.

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Lopižić, Iva. "Interplay Between Deconcentrated State Administration and Regional Self-Government in South-East European Countries." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68945-1_11.

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Orelli, Rebecca L., Emanuele Padovani, and Eric Scorsone. "E-government, Accountability, and Performance: Best-in-Class Governments in European Union Countries." In Integrated Series in Information Systems. Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6536-3_29.

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Nezi, Roula. "After the Crisis: EU Issue Voting in Greece." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29187-6_9.

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AbstractCompared to the other countries examined in this volume, Greece is the one that suffered the most financially during the economic crisis. Public protest and growing political discontent emerged as a reaction to the strict austerity policies introduces, with European institutions becoming the symbol and the European Union (EU) becoming the main target of discontent. To this end, the Greek case offers a useful example of a country in which EU issues around the economic crisis polarized the general public. This analysis suggests the salience of the EU issue was greater during the crisis,

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Costa Lobo, Marina. "Portugal: EU Issue Voting in Mainstream and Challenger Parties." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29187-6_11.

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AbstractOne of the “bailout countries” during the Great Recession, Portugal is an interesting case-study to analyse EU politicisation and its effects at the national level. In this chapter, media, parliamentary and voting data provide a comprehensive picture of the role of EU politicisation in Portuguese political behaviour. Trends of EU issue politicisation are presented using salience and tone in mainstream media and parliamentary debates from 2002 to 2019. As expected, the post-2009 period exhibits an increase in politicisation both in media and parliamentary debates. Yet, in a post-bailout

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Lourie, Greg. "The Case for Judicial Capacity Building Through International Arbitration." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76345-8_3.

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Abstract Judicial capacity building is recognized as a vital element of development policy. However, with resources for (judicial) capacity building being limited, this paper seeks to address first the question of why states should dedicate the limited resources available to invest in capacity building through international arbitration. Second, if such investment is to be made, what should be the focus of capacity building efforts in order to achieve the best long-term success? In answering these questions, this paper posits that international arbitration should be considered by states as a pi

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Mihr, Anja. "European democracy’s Response to the BRI." In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_26.

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AbstractIn this chapter, I will argue that the 2013 Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been neither a curse nor a blessing for democracy. Instead, China’s BRI activities in over 140 countries worldwide have triggered many global and local movements and initiatives that have led alternatively to stronger autocratisation and democratisation in some regions, such as across Eurasia. The quantity of investments under the BRI is not a determinant of whether a country democratises or autocratises.Instead, the BRI and the autocratic leadership of the Chinese government in implementing investme

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Mahmutaj, Noela. "Russian Government Policy in the Western Balkans." In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_8.

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AbstractThis article aims to explain the nature of Russian foreign policy towards the Western Balkan states, taking into account the role of other actors such as the European Union, an increasingly important player in this radically changed geopolitical context. Since the fall of the communist regime, the Western Balkans have faced major challenges and have been at the forefront of debates on critical issues such as transatlantic relations (with regard to NATO and EU enlargement, as well as EU defence policy and security). In recent times, the Balkan region has come under the influence of the

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Truloff, Shannon, Luitzen de Boer, Xinlu Qiu, and Annik Magerholm Fet. "The Role of Public Sector Buyers: Influencing Systemic Change in the Construction Sector." In Business Transitions: A Path to Sustainability. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22245-0_15.

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AbstractConstruction machinery is essential to all construction projects and is also a significant contributor to both air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Non-Road Mobile Machinery Market (NRMM), otherwise known as the construction machinery market, largely operates using diesel fuel nowadays which has significant negative environmental impacts. It is critical that governmental leaders push suppliers to innovate and implement sustainable solutions in the construction sector. Green Public Procurement (GPP) and Innovation Orientated Public Procurement (IOPP) have emerged as pot

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Bidarratzaga Aurre, Eduardo, and Ángeles Sánchez Díez. "Is the Trade Agreement Between the EU and Colombia Coherent with European Support for Peacebuilding?" In Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24797-2_4.

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AbstractTrade agreements between central and peripheral countries or regional groups with very different commercial and productive specializations have been in place for several decades now, since they were first promoted in the 1990s, initially by the US government and later by the European Union (EU). This resulted in the promotion of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in the first case, and Association Agreements (AAs) in the second, turning different individual economies or Latin American regional groups into preferential partners in these agreements, in the latter based on a model with certain

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

FERUNI, Nerajda. "MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS OF HAPPINESS: CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.23.

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The aim of this paper is to test empirically the relationship between life satisfaction, another term used for happiness, and macroeconomic indicators such as GDP per capita, which is a proxy for economic growth, unemployment, inflation, income distribution and government expenditure in the European Union countries during the period of 2005-2017. The chosen variables are some of the most significant determinants of economic growth as well. Using the Fixed Effects model, which falls under the Panel Generalized Least Square method, the empirical results are in accordance with the literature revi

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Baigonushova, Damira, Junus Ganiev, and Mairam Baigonusheva. "Government Support of the Agricultural Sector in the EAEU Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02291.

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As it is known, in 2010, a customs union with three participants, Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan, was formed on the territory of the former Soviet Union. In 2015, the union moved to another stage, the economic union. In 2015, Kyrgyzstan became a full member of this union and is currently trying to adapt to new economic conditions. In particular, the Agricultural Policy Department of the Eurasian Economic Commission is currently actively working on the development and implementation of common agricultural policy. Kyrgyzstan, despite the limited territory for agricultural production, is an agric

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Tashevska, Biljana, Marija Trpkova – Nestorovska, and Suzana Makreshanska – Mladenovska. "IS THERE A DOMINANCE OF SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION?" In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0003.

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European welfare states, with their comprehensive and generous welfare model, create the largest part of general government expenditures in the European Union member countries. Given the rising trend of social expenditure and the long-run challenges coming from population ageing, this paper addresses the issue of social dominance, a situation in which, particularly when facing limited fiscal space, social expenditure could crowd-out other productive public expenditures, thus undermining growth potentials and possibly threatening fiscal sustainability. Using a panel regression analysis, the aim

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Tunçsiper, Bedriye, and Ömer Faruk Biçen. "The Effects of European Debt Crisis on Turkey’s Exports." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00827.

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The crisis that arose in Greece at the last quarter of 2009 affected the countries that have heavily government debt like Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ireland as soon as 2008 Global Financial Crisis originating from USA Mortgage Markets affect European Union (EU) countries under heavily debt burden. The effects of that crisis in the short run are demand shrinking and decrease in export. Turkey, which has important economic relations with EU countries in the last fifty years, is the primary country that can be negatively affected from demand shrinking in Europe. Turkey that indirectly experience

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Nazlıoğlu, Şaban, Çağın Karul, Ahmet Koncak, and İlhan Küçükkaplan. "On The Purchasing Power Parity in Turkey: The Role of Structural Changes." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.02008.

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Turkey as an emerging country and one of the fastest growing economies during the last decade has been implementing the trade-oriented growth model since 1980. The exchange rate policy in that respect is at the center of trade and monetary policies. Given the importance of constructing fundamental equilibrium exchange rates, the long-run PPP hypothesis has been empirically investigated during the last decade. We re-examine the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis for Turkey with her ten major trading partners and find out that when the structural shifts are taken into account, there is a s

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Dragoi, Catalin. "Romania's budget deficit in the European context." In The 6th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and sustainable development". Technical University of Moldova, 2024. https://doi.org/10.52326/csd2024.11.

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Twin deficits are a chronic problem of the Romanian economy, which has worsened in recent years amid global crises. Even if some of the existing global economic conditions have improved (we refer in particular to the decline in commodity, oil, natural gas and energy prices and the sustained economic growth in the US and globally), Romania will have a current account deficit in the coming years, which will gradually decline. In order to reduce these shortcomings, the government needs to take a package of measures including budgetary policies (increasing budget revenues by increasing collection,

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Ahmadov, Vusal. "Successes and failures in Hungarian family businesses." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2020.proc.11.

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The Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are a necessary element of the social and economic development of the national economy from the perspective of their significant contribution to employment, innovative capacity, and flexibility. Innovative SMEs are necessary building block in the restructuring of transition economies. The successful reformers of the Central and Eastern Europe countries can promote policies conducive to the development of innovative SMEs, and consequently benefit from the economic advantages of SMEs. However, the majority of the Commonwealth of Independent States (C

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Criste, Cristina, Ciel Bovary (Man), and Oana-Ramona Lobonț. "Portraying the Level of Digital Performance and Innovation of the European Public Sector: Contextualising the Relationship Between E-government and Digital Innovation." In 29th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46541/978-86-7233-428-9_396.

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Due to the differences among European Union member states in governance quality, public governance effectiveness, financial resource management, and efforts to improve economic performance and well-being, digital innovation is essential for promoting digital governance. Achieving qualitative e-governance requires increased innovation, along with the effective adoption and implementation of digital technology. The main objective of this study is to analyse the connections between public governance and digital innovation in the European Union (EU). Two research methods were considered to carry o

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Diril, Funda. "Comparison of Fiscal Reforms in Some South and East European Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01014.

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The aim of this paper is to compare fiscal reforms of some of the transition economies in Balkans including The Republic of Macedonia. Since 1990’s former planned economies, which are in the process of economic transformation into market economy have carried out several reforms. During this economic transformation process both the effects and the results of these reforms vary according to the difference between the needs of structural change in each country. In this study, some of the selected transition economies in Balkans are analyzed: Some of the recent members of European Community in Bal

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Niftiyev, Ibrahim. "A comparison of institutional quality in the South Caucasus." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2022.9.

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Much has happened in the three countries of the South Caucasus-namely, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Armenia-since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Political events, institutional reforms, and economic development have resulted in greater economic welfare in these countries after the painful transition period of the 1990s. However, it remains to be seen whether they have achieved any solid results or whether they still have much to accomplish. While the answer is ambiguous, each country has followed a different political, geopolitical, economic, and institutional path and achieved different econom

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Government purchasing – european union countries"

Amores, Antonio F., Henrique Basso, Johannes Simeon Bischl, et al. Inflation, fiscal policy and inequality. The distributional impact of fiscal measures to compensate for consumer inflation. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36624.

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This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input – EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) and household budget surveys (HBS) – to quantify the distributional impact of inflation, income support measures and measures aimed at containing prices. The analysis confirms that purchasing power and welfare were more severely affected by the 2022 inflation surge among lower-in

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Eszterhai, Viktor, and Péter Goreczky. To Decouple or not to Decouple? How to Address China’s Dominance in the European EV Battery Supply Chain. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.61.

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Geopolitical tensions between Western countries and China are prompting the European Union to attempt to reduce China’s economic exposure. This poses a particularly serious challenge to the Hungarian government, whose economic policy cornerstone is to create a manufacturing base for the interconnected European and Asian electric car value chains. This paper seeks to answer the question how the European Union can realistically attempt to reduce the European electric car industry’s dependence on China by exploring mergers in the European electric car industry and the Chinese battery industry. Th

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Bassols Jacas, Raimundo. Interaction between the Government and the Spanish Civil Society during the Negotiations for the Accession of Spain into the European Union. Inter-American Development Bank, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011004.

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Western countries have established themselves and developed over the last two centuries in the model of the Nation-State, founded on national sovereignty. Civil societies from these countries have been educated and conditioned to respect and fully accept the principles and symbols of a sovereign Nation. They are sharply nationalistic civil societies. This interactive relationship between the Governments and their respective civil societies are the reason that motivates this paper.

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Barradas, Ricardo. Why does the nexus between finance and inequality break in times of financialization? Empirical evidence for the European Union countries. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2023.01.

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The majority of policy makers in developed countries have, since the 1970s and 1980s, put in place a strong process for the liberalization, deregulation and privatization of the financial system, particularly persuaded by the mainstream assumption that this represents the best strategy to sustain the growth of finance, enhance economic growth and lessen inequality. Nonetheless, economic growth has been quite anaemic in the majority of developed countries, and inequality has continued to widen in the last four decades, which feeds non-mainstream beliefs regarding the disruptive role played by t

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Jenkins, Glenn P., and George G. Poufos. Economic Integration and the Transformation of the Tax Mix: Cyprus 1990-2001. Inter-American Development Bank, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008538.

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This paper outlines the steps that the Government of Cyprus took to transform its tax system between 1990 and 2001 in order to prepare itself for admission into the European Union. Cyprus has many of the same economic features as the countries of the Caribbean and Central American regions. In the case of Cyprus, the reforms were focused on the introduction and expansion of the Value Added Tax, a restructuring of the excise tax system and a modernization of its income tax system. By 2002 it has virtually completed the transformation process. The paper also discusses the situation of Belize, whi

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Wolfmaier, Susanne, Adrian Foong, and Christian König. Climate, conflict and COVID-19: How does the pandemic affect EU policies on climate-fragility? Adelphi research gemeinnützige GmbH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc018.

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The links between climate change and conflict have been well-documented in recent observations and academic literature: far from being causally direct, these links often depend on specific conditions and occur through certain pathways (Koubi, 2019). For example, conflicts have been found to be more likely in areas with poor access to infrastructure and facilities (Detges, 2016), or where government distrust and political bias are prevalent (Detges, 2017). As such, climate change has often been described as a ‘threat multiplier’, making it imperative for security and development actors to consi

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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.

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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sourc

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Sending Money Home: Worldwide Remittance Flows to Developing Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006582.

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Remittances, the portion of migrant workers' earnings sent back home to their families, have been a critical means of financial support for generations. But, for the most part, these flows have historically been -hidden in plain view-, often uncounted and even ignored. All that is now changing -as the scale of migration increases, the corresponding growth in remittances is gaining widespread attention. This report has been elaborated based on a study commissioned by IFAD to the Inter-American Dialogue in collaboration with the Multilateral Investment Fund of the IDB and contributions from the

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Climate Change: A Regional Perspective. Inter-American Development Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006893.

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The purpose of this document is to contribute to the ongoing discussion on climate change in light of the available evidence on the possible channels of transmission of the economic impact of this phenomenon and the results of the latest session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 15), held in Copenhagen from 7 to 18 December 2009. This document has been prepared, at the request of the Government of Mexico, by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and the Inter-American Development Bank on the basis of the wor

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