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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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Guomin, Liu, Ma Xueliang, and Li Ping. "K Ratio H-Point Standard Additions Method." Analytical Letters 26, no. 4 (1993): 801–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719308017409.
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Radhika, Vighe1 Amol Sawale2. "Review On Simultaneous Determination of Binary Mixture Using Standard Addition Method." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 2592–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15429629.
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This paper presents a novel approach for the simultaneous determination of binary mixtures utilizing the H-Point Standard Addition Method (HPSAM). The study addresses the challenges associated with the quantification of components in complex mixtures, which are prevalent in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The HPSAM technique leverages the principle of standard addition to enhance the accuracy and precision of concentration measurements. Through rigorous experimentation, the method demonstrates its effectiveness in minimizing matrix effects and improving analytical reliability. The results indicate that HPSAM can successfully resolve overlapping signals in spectroscopic analyses, offering a robust solution for the simultaneous quantification of two analytes in a mixture. This work contributes to the ongoing development of analytical techniques and provides a framework for future research in multi-component analysis. H Point Standard Addition Method (HPSAM) in accurately quantifying binary mixtures, effectively addressing the complexities of overlapping signals in various analytical fields.
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Kaur, Amandeep, and Usha Gupta. "H-Point Standard Addition Method for Simultaneous Determination of Eosin and Erytrosine." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 4 (2011): 1979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/210259.
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A new, simple, sensitive and selectiveH-point standard addition method (HPSAM) has been developed for resolving binary mixture of food colorants eosin and erythrosine, which show overlapped spectra. The method is based on the complexation of food dyes eosin and erythrosine with Fe(III) complexing reagent at pH 5.5 and solubilizing complexes in triton x-100 micellar media. Absorbances at the two pairs of wavelengths, 540 and 550 nm (when eosin acts as analyte) or 518 and 542 nm (when erythrosine act as analyte) were monitored. This method has satisfactorily been applied for the determination of eosin and erythrosine dyes in synthetic mixtures and commercial products.
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Kaur, P. P., and U. Gupta. "H-Point Standard Addition Method for Simultaneous Determination of Maneb and Zineb." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 1 (2009): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/514251.
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The H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) has been applied for simultaneous determination of maneb and zineb using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2- naphthol (PAN) as a reagent. Both maneb and zineb form wine red colored complex with PAN at pH 9.2 which are soluble in Triton X-100. Zineb and maneb can be determined simultaneously in the range of 0.414-3.446 µg mL-1and 0.663-3.316 µg mL-1respectively with satisfactory accuracy and precision. The proposed method has successfully been applied for the simultaneous determination of maneb and zineb in several synthetic samples, spiked water samples and crops
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Eskandari, Habibollah, and Ghadamali Bagherian Dehaghi. "H-Point Standard Addition Method for Simultaneous Determination of Palladium and Cobalt." Microchimica Acta 146, no. 3-4 (2004): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00604-004-0204-8.
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Campíns-Falcó, P., J. Verdú-Andrés, and F. Bosch-Reig. "H-Point standard additions method for resolution of binary mixtures with simultaneous addition of both analytes." Analytica Chimica Acta 315, no. 3 (1995): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(95)00315-q.
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Safavi, Afsaneh, and Maryam Tohidi. "Simultaneous kinetic determination of levodopa and carbidopa by H-point standard addition method." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 44, no. 1 (2007): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2007.02.020.
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Khalil Mahmood, Ali, Takleef Dheyab Sallal, Hassan Mohammed Liaibi, and Khalid Waleed Al-Janabi. "Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Ciprofloxacin and Hydrocortisone by H-Point Standard Addition Method." Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences 37, no. 1 (2024): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/37.1.3425.
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Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and hydrocortisone (Hyd) were simultaneously measured as hydrochloride and sodium succinate, respectively, using the H-point standard addition method (HPSAM). The approach can precisely identify Cip in the presence of Hyd with various analyte-to-interference ratios (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5µg.ml-1) of Cip, at the wavelengths of (236 and 257) nm. In the same way, Hyd was analyzed in the presence of Cip in different analytes with an interference ratio of (5:5, 5:10, 10:5, 10:10) µg.mL-1, in mixed samples containing (1-5 µg.mL-1) of Hyd, at wavelengths of (266 and 278) nm. The satisfactory results show good reproducibility of the developed method (RSD equals 0.9735-1.6825 and 0.9692-1.7671 for Cip and Hyd, respectively). The results also show that the excipients had no influence on the assaying of the above drugs (Recovery, 98.87–101.73). The recommended technique has successfully been used to determine the Cip and Hyd in pharmaceutical composites simultaneously with an RSD range of (0.972 to 1.671) and (0.898 to 1.820) for Cip and Hyd, respectively.
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Abdollahi, H., and S. Zeinali. "Spectrophotometric study of complexation equilibria with H-point standard addition and H-point curve isolation methods." Talanta 62, no. 1 (2004): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-9140(03)00410-7.
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Safavi, A., H. Abdollahi, and M. Bagheri. "Spectral curve deconvolution in micellar systems with H-point curve isolation and H-point standard addition methods." Analytica Chimica Acta 459, no. 1 (2002): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00082-x.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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Волобой, А. О., та Л. П. Сидорова. "H-Point standard addition method для визначення суміші харчових барвників жовтого "Захід сонця" (Е110) та тартразину (Е102)". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66508.
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В даній роботі для визначення вмісту барвників Е110 та Е102 в суміші без
попереднього розподілу використовували метод H-point standard addition method
(HPSAM). Визначення за його допомогою полягає у вимірювані оптичної густини
суміші барвників, при якому концентрація одного компоненту є сталою, а іншого
змінюється. H-point standard addition method є модифікацією стандартного методу
добавок, що перетворює невиправні помилки, які виникають в результаті наявності
заважаючого компонента при визначенні аналізованої речовини, в постійні
систематичні похибки. Потім ця похибка може бути оцінена та усунена. Цей метод був
створений для дослідження двох спектрів аналізованих речовин, які сильно
перекриваються, і дозволив одразу виправити як пропорційні, так і постійні помилки,
отриманого зразка [2].
Książki na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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Zubova, Elena. Basics of makeup art. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/1971857.
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The textbook reveals the main points of the history of make-up and make-up, gives an idea of the structure of the skin, its physiological functions, as well as modern cosmetic skin care technologies. The article examines the color theory and its application in the color palette, taking into account the physiological characteristics of a person, methods of correcting the shape of the face, eyes, lips, eyebrows, types and rules of makeup and makeup for different age groups. The professional techniques of the makeup artist are analyzed. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation. It is intended for students of secondary vocational educational institutions, as well as for students enrolled in the professional additional training program in the profession of "Hairdresser", in short-term courses at the educational institution.
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Minobrnauki, Rossiyskoy. Finance and Financial analysis. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1242227.
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The textbook systematizes basic knowledge in the field of finance, financial analysis and financial management, presented in their direct relationship and significance from the point of view of evaluation, diagnosis, forecasting and monitoring of the continuity of the organization's activities. It includes seven chapters grouped into three sections. The first section is devoted to the theoretical foundations of the organization's financial management, stakeholders and sources of the organization's activities. The second section discusses the basics of financial analysis, providing knowledge of the main directions, information base and methods of financial analysis, as well as allowing them to be applied reasonably, calculate and evaluate analytical indicators, determine the impact of globalization processes, various macro-and microfactors on the financial condition of the organization. The third section contains the basics of financial management, providing an understanding of the essence of the financial mechanism of the organization and algorithms for justifying decisions in the field of financial management.
 It complies with the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and provides the formation of basic competencies in the field of finance, financial management and financial analysis.
 For bachelor's, specialist's and master's students studying in the field of Economics, the system of additional professional education, training centers for advanced training of auditors and other financial market specialists, as well as for individual preparation of applicants for qualification certification and passing qualification exams.
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Lund, Jacalyn Lea, and Mary Fortman Kirk. Performance-Based Assessment for Middle and High School Physical Education. 3rd ed. Human Kinetics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718222731.
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Performance-Based Assessment for Middle and High School Physical Education is a cutting-edge book that teachers trust for assessing middle school and high school physical education students. Also a highly popular undergraduate text for courses that focus on performance-based assessment, this new third edition features significant additions, enhancements, and updates: • New chapters on effective management and instruction delivery, which make it appropriate for PETE instructors using the book for secondary methods courses • A new chapter on assessments with various instructional models, including Sport Education, Teaching Games for Understanding, Cooperative Learning, Personalized System of Instruction, and Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility • A new chapter on assessing dance (with sample dance units in the web resource) • A new sample unit on ultimate Frisbee in the chapter on invasion games • An expanded section on cognitive assessments, with suggestions for writing tests • Updated content on rubrics Performance-Based Assessment shows readers how to use portfolios to assess fitness, and it offers an example of a portfolio assessment for a high school fitness course. It also guides readers in using skill tests in physical education. Written by two authors with a combined 26 years of experience teaching physical education in public schools, the text discusses various assessment formats, helping PETE students and in-service teachers know both what to assess and how to assess it. Readers learn how to develop culminating and progressive assessments, as well as plan for continuous performance-based assessments and acquire effective teaching strategies for standards-based instruction. All content is aligned with current SHAPE America national standards and is supported by research from educational assessment giants such as Tom Guskey, Richard Stiggins, Dylan William, Robert Marzano, and James Popham. The book is organized into four parts, with part I introducing readers to performance-based assessment issues such as the need for change in the assessment process, how assessments can be used to enhance learning, the various assessment domains and methods, and the use of rubrics in assessments. Part II explores aspects of managing and implementing physical education lessons. In part III, readers learn about the components of performance-based assessment, and in part IV, they delve into issues affecting grading and implementing continuous performance-based assessment. This groundbreaking text explains the theory behind assessment and, through its numerous models, shows how to apply that theory in practice. The text is filled with practical examples, much more so than the typical assessment book. And it is supplemented by a web resource that houses forms, charts, and other material for instructors to use in their performance-based assessments. Class size, skill levels, and time factors can make assessments difficult―but far from impossible. The examples in the book are meant to be modified as needed, with the ideas in the book used as starting points. Teachers can use the material, examples, and tools in this book to create assessments that enhance student learning, providing them feedback to let them know what they have accomplished and how they can work toward goals of greater competence.
Części książek na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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Percy, Andrew J., and Christoph H. Borchers. "Detailed Method for Performing the ExSTA Approach in Quantitative Bottom-Up Plasma." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1024-4_25.
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AbstractThe use of stable isotope-labeled standards (SIS) is an analytically valid means of quantifying proteins in biological samples. The nature of the labeled standards and their point of insertion in a bottom-up proteomic workflow can vary, with quantification methods utilizing curves in analytically sound practices. A promising quantification strategy for low sample amounts is external standard addition (ExSTA). In ExSTA, multipoint calibration curves are generated in buffer using serially diluted natural (NAT) peptides and a fixed concentration of SIS peptides. Equal concentrations of SIS peptides are spiked into experimental sample digests, with all digests (control and experimental) subjected to solid-phase extraction prior to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Endogenous peptide concentrations are then determined using the regression equation of the standard curves. Given the benefits of ExSTA in large-scale analysis, a detailed protocol is provided herein for quantifying a multiplexed panel of 125 high-to-moderate abundance proteins in undepleted and non-enriched human plasma samples. The procedural details and recommendations for successfully executing all phases of this quantification approach are described. As the proteins have been putatively correlated with various noncommunicable diseases, quantifying these by ExSTA in large-scale studies should help rapidly and precisely assess their true biomarker efficacy.
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Bartz-Beielstein, Thomas, Sowmya Chandrasekaran, and Frederik Rehbach. "Case Study II: Tuning of Gradient Boosting (xgboost)." In Hyperparameter Tuning for Machine and Deep Learning with R. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5170-1_9.
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AbstractThis case study gives a hands-on description of Hyperparameter Tuning (HPT) methods discussed in this book. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) method and its implementation was chosen, because it is one of the most powerful methods in many Machine Learning (ML) tasks, especially when standard tabular data should be analyzed. This case study follows the same HPT pipeline as the first and third studies: after the data set is provided and pre-processed, the experimental design is set up. Next, the HPT experiments are performed. The R package is used as a “datascope” to analyze the results from the HPT runs from several perspectives: in addition to Classification and Regression Trees (CART), the analysis combines results from the surface, sensitivity, and parallel plots with a classical regression analysis. Severity is used to discuss the practical relevance of the results from an error-statistical point-of-view. The well-proven R package is used as a uniform interface from the methods of the packages and to the ML methods. The corresponding source code is explained in a comprehensible manner.
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Ternieten, Malte, and Doris Elster. "Diagnosing of Valuing and Decision-Making Competencies in Biology Lessons." In Shaping the Future of Biological Education Research. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44792-1_12.
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AbstractValuing and decision-making competencies in the context of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) play an important role in the national educational standards (NBS) of biology. Secondary level students should be prepared to recognize and evaluate biological facts, and justify their own or others’ opinions. To reach these goals, in close cooperation with teachers and researchers, a 6-h teaching lesson in the ESD context about the topic “peatland protection” was developed, tested, and optimized in three cycles in the period from 2016 to 2020. In total, 181 students (95 ♀ | ♂ 86, Ø age: 14,5) participated in the investigation. The study was conducted according to the Design-Based-Research (DBR) approach. In close cooperation with seven teachers, a competence model for the diagnosis of learners’ written statements about socio-scientific issues in the ESD context was developed. As a central result, a theory-based and empirically validated competence grid was developed, evaluated, and optimized. In addition to linguistic aspects, this so-called PARS model considered the thematically relevant ESD dimensions (Ternieten, Elster, Diagnosis and promotion of decision-making competence of students with methods of internal differentiation in biology lessons. In: Gómez Chova L, López Martínez A, Candel Torres I (eds.) EDULEARN20 proceedings. 12th international conference on education and new learning technologies, Palma, Spain, 6–7 July 2020 (pp 1413–1422). IATED Academy, Valencia. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2020, 2020). The central results of the teacher interviews prove that the PARS model (diagnose grid) can be classified as a practical tool for diagnosing student performance in the context of ESD.
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Irnanda, Cut Riska, Isfenti Sadalia, and Nazaruddin. "Contract Analysis for Design and Build Lump Sum Price." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_143.
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AbstractA toll road is one of the National Strategic Projects with complete problems and needs highspeed performance during construction. So, contract construction that is usually applied to these projects is design and build contract. Furthermore, best practice for Design and Build is combined with Lump Sum as an estimation cost aspect, so the type of contract used is Design and Build Lump Sum Price. This study aims to review the implementation of the Design and Build Lup Sum Price Contract based on the terms and conditions in the Indonesian Legislation and FIDIC on the Trans Sumatra Toll Project Kuala Tanjung – Inderapura Section 2 according to the contractor’s point of view to mitigating the negative risks that arise especially in the financial aspect. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative data analysis method by comparing the implementation of the contract according to the applicable law. The first step was to collect secondary data in a contractual resume, then make a study based on existing legal standards. Based on the results, it can be stated that the design and build Lump Sum price contract is a construction work contract in order to complete a job within a certain period of time according to the basic design scope as the basis for quotation, which has fixed costs as long as no intervention results in changes contract documents that may give additional payments for the rights. In the construction of the Kuala Tanjung – Inderapura Toll Road Section 2, there was an additional scope of the contract which resulted in additional work due to instructions from the owner and other parties, as well as an intervention to change specifications due to differences in the basic design at the tender which poses negative risks to the financial aspect for the contractor.
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Barbaglia, Luca, Sergio Consoli, and Sebastiano Manzan. "Exploring the Predictive Power of News and Neural Machine Learning Models for Economic Forecasting." In Mining Data for Financial Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66981-2_11.
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AbstractForecasting economic and financial variables is a challenging task for several reasons, such as the low signal-to-noise ratio, regime changes, and the effect of volatility among others. A recent trend is to extract information from news as an additional source to forecast economic activity and financial variables. The goal is to evaluate if news can improve forecasts from standard methods that usually are not well-specified and have poor out-of-sample performance. In a currently on-going project, our goal is to combine a richer information set that includes news with a state-of-the-art machine learning model. In particular, we leverage on two recent advances in Data Science, specifically on Word Embedding and Deep Learning models, which have recently attracted extensive attention in many scientific fields. We believe that by combining the two methodologies, effective solutions can be built to improve the prediction accuracy for economic and financial time series. In this preliminary contribution, we provide an overview of the methodology under development and some initial empirical findings. The forecasting model is based on DeepAR, an auto-regressive probabilistic Recurrent Neural Network model, that is combined with GloVe Word Embeddings extracted from economic news. The target variable is the spread between the US 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity and the 3-Month Treasury Constant Maturity (T10Y3M). The DeepAR model is trained on a large number of related GloVe Word Embedding time series, and employed to produce point and density forecasts.
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Safaei, Samaneh, Farshid Keynia, Sam Haghdady, Azim Heydari, and Mario Lamagna. "Design of CCHP System with the Help of Combined Chiller System, Solar Energy, and Gas Microturbine." In The Urban Book Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_9.
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AbstractThis work was conducted to design a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system with photovoltaic energy which provides simultaneous generation of electricity, heat, and cold for a high-rise office building (23 floors) in the city of Mashhad in Iran. Our strategy was to supply load electric, thermal, and refrigeration with the help of solar energy. In addition, its superiority over other systems was evaluated. Analysis and study of solar radiation and the maximum level of solar panels use, according to the architectural plan, were carried out at the project site. The analysis of shadow points, the use of inverters and electrical detectors to increase the maximum solar power, and its cost-effectiveness were carefully studied via PVSOL software. Additionally, the amount of heat, cold, and electricity consumption was accurately calculated according to international standards and utilizing HAP software. The criteria for saving on the initial cost reduction, carbon dioxide emission reduction, operating cost reduction, payback period, revenue, and the minimum life expectancy of the equipment compared to those in other methods were also evaluated. The results obtained from the designed system of simultaneous generation of electricity, heat, and refrigeration, which combines gas microturbines as the primary stimulus, a combination of absorption and compression chiller to provide refrigeration load, a boiler for auxiliary heat load, and a thermal photovoltaic system to produce both electric and thermal loads, were finally revealed. This is believed to be a cost-effective strategy for high-rise residential or commercial buildings with a geographical location like that of Mashhad. Based on the electricity sales to the grid, with the rate of increase in inflation in electricity tariffs, this design in the Mashhad project was estimated to have an annual income of 166.676 thousand dollars. Moreover, the initial capital return period in this project was calculated to be 5.19 years.
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Chen, Zhikang, and Wei Qi Yan. "Real-Time Pose Recognition for Billiard Players Using Deep Learning." In Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, and the Rise of Intelligent Systems. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1738-9.ch010.
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In this book chapter, the authors propose a method for player pose recognition in billiards matches by combining keypoint extraction and an optimized transformer. Given that those human pose analysis methods usually require high labour costs, the authors explore deep learning methods to achieve real-time, high-precision pose recognition. Firstly, they utilize human key point detection technology to extract the key points of players from real-time videos and generate key points. Then, the key point data is input into the transformer model for pose analysis and recognition. In addition, the authors design a human skeletal alignment method for comparison with standard poses. The experimental results show that the method performs well in recognizing players' poses in billiards matches and provides real-time and timely feedback on players' pose information. This research project provides a new and efficient tool for training billiard players and opens up new possibilities for applying deep learning in sports analytics. In addition, one of these contributions is the creation of a dataset for pose recognition.
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Heibaum Michael and Herten Markus. "Finite Element Method (FEM) for verifications in geotechnical design." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-031-5-1662.
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Verifications in geotechnical design according to national and European standards are mostly based on limit state models like slip circle or sliding wedges – and the safety factors are related to these models. To use numerical models like the FEM it has to be checked, to what extent the results coincide. Numerical methods such as the FEM enable failure patterns to be forecast from deformations occurring close to the point of failure instead of assuming a priori a limit state geometry for a particular verification. Also boundary conditions can be considered much more in detail. In addition, one single FE calculation is able to provide not only the effects of the actions for ultimate limit state design (ULS) but also those needed for serviceability limit state design (SLS). Obviously there are possibilities and limitations of the FEM for verifications in geotechnical design according to standards, here concentrating on the new European standard EN 1997-1 (EC 7).
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Huang, Yingfu, and Yafei Shen. "A Study on the Evaluation Model of the Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Education Based on Machine Learning." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3233/faia250341.
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In order to solve the problem of low accuracy and lack of credibility guarantee when college students predict some course scores with a small sample size, the research on the evaluation model of ideological and political education effect based on machine learning has been proposed. This paper combines Bootstrap method, recursive feature elimination, support vector regression model and variable neighborhood search algorithm to mine the factors that affect college students’ scores in a small sample, and based on this, it makes point prediction and interval prediction on college students’ scores. The experimental results show that the MSE index is 0.006991, PICP index is 0.7833, PINAW index is 0.2537 The CWC index is 3.4396. By comparing with the standard bootstrapped SVR model and the PSO bootstrapped SVR model, it is found that the PINAW index in the PSO bootstrapped SVR model is slightly better than the method in this paper. Other indicators in this paper are better than the standard bootstrapped SVR model and the PSO bootstrapped SVR model, which shows that the performance of the method in this paper is better. Conclusion: The method in this paper can better predict the point and interval of students’ performance. In addition, according to the prediction results, the main factors affecting the academic performance are the number of assignments submitted and the average number of hands raised in the classroom performance of learners. Educators should take various effective measures to improve learners’ classroom performance in order to achieve the goal of rapidly improving their performance.
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Ho Lee, Dong, Jae Young Lee, and Byung Ihn Choi. "Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis Using Shear Wave Elastography: An Overview." In Elastography - Applications in Clinical Medicine [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102853.
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All kinds of chronic liver disease can progress into liver fibrosis, and the stage of liver fibrosis is an important prognostic factor. Therefore, assessment of liver fibrosis is of importance for the management of the chronic liver disease. Although liver biopsy is considered the standard method, its invasive nature limits clinical use. In this regard, shear wave-based ultrasound elastography has been emerged as a noninvasive method to evaluate liver fibrosis. Among various techniques, transient elastography (TE) has been the most extensively used and validated method. TE provides good diagnostic performance in staging liver fibrosis. In addition to TE, point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and two-dimensional SWE (2D-SWE) have been developed as another noninvasive method, and also reported good diagnostic performance in staging liver fibrosis. Although TE, pSWE, and 2D-SWE show good performance in assessing liver fibrosis, concurrent inflammatory activity and/or hepatic congestion are important limitations in the current elastography technique.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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Satake, Nozomi, Mikihiro Sakata, Tomoaki Kiso, and Toshiaki Okabe. "Study on Ferrite Measurement Methods for Duplex Stainless Steel Welds." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10634.
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Abstract When duplex stainless steel (DSS) is applied to welded components, ferrite measurement with manual point count according to ASTM(1) E562 is often used during welding procedure qualification as heat affected zone (HAZ) of the weld tends to have high ferrite content. For this measurement method, there are several testing variables and it seems that standard testing variables are not used for ferrite measurements performed by various fabricators. In this paper, the effects of three major variables described in ASTM E562, which were the grid size i.e. number of testing points in a grid, number of fields and measurement locations, on the measured ferrite contents were studied. Also, ferrite measurement with automatic image analysis according to ASTM E1245 was performed across the fusion line of the weld to compare the ferrite content measured by manual point count according to ASTM E562. In addition to the ferrite measurement, pitting corrosion test according to ASTM G48, Method A was performed on the same sample as the one used for ferrite measurement in order to see where in the weld pitting corrosion occurs. The results have suggested a necessity of establishment of standardized testing variables to be used for ferrite measurement with manual point count according to ASTM E562.
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Maldonado, Julio G., John MacDonald, Phil Dent, and Chris Fowler. "Sour Service Fitness for Purpose Testing of Linepipe Using Full Ring, 4-Point BB and Large DCBs." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11229.
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Abstract Fitness for purpose Sulfide Stress Cracking (SCC) testing has been undertaken in a mildly sour environment on thick walled (47.2 mm) linepipe using full ring tests, full thickness 4-point bend (4PB) specimens, standard size and large-scale double-cantilever beam (DCB) specimens. The full ring test method and full thickness 4PB specimens were selected to retain the original surface condition of the linepipe, since an intermittent shallow ‘hard’ skin was present. The KISSC of the material was determined using ‘modified’ NACE TM0177 – Method D DCB specimens with an increased width and length in order to prevent arm bending, which was a concern due to the relatively low strength of the DNV GR450SD steel and comparative tests were also conducted using standard size specimens. In addition, the test duration for the DCB specimens was increased to 21 days to take into account the mildly sour environment. The arm displacement for the large scale DCB specimens was determined using the KIAPPLIED value and load vs. displacement data. Fitness for purpose testing using full ring and 4PB tests demonstrated the suitability of the linepipe for the set of operating conditions evaluated in this case. Similarly, valid large scale DCB testing results were obtained which met project specific requirements. The paper describes the development of the methodology for the full ring, full thickness 4PB and large scale DCB specimens and the results obtained from these tests.
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Rubin, Adam, and Jonas Gudme. "Test Method for Corrosion Fatigue Testing of Cold Rolled Steel Wire in Sour- and Sweet Environment Based on Deflection Controlled Four Point Bending." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09103.
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Abstract In order to calculate the fatigue life of unbonded flexible pipes S-N curves for the armouring wires in corrosive environments are needed. No established standard method for corrosion fatigue testing exists. A test setup as well as test protocol has been developed based on deflection controlled four point bending for corrosion fatigue testing in both sour- and sweet environments. The test setup consist of an eccentric providing an alternating sinus shape loading at loading frequencies between 0.1 to 2.0 Hz. The loading is transferred to an environmental chamber containing up to 7 specimens that are deflected in four point bending simultaneously. Each specimen is monitored with strain gauges in order to individually determine the load level. Specimen failure is detected from strain gauge signals or from externally mounted load cells. The environmental chamber system is capable of handling sour brine solutions with varying amounts of H2S at total pressures up 10 barg. The test protocol specifies preparation of wire samples and de-aeration and iron saturation procedures for test solution. In addition issues like pre-cycling and hydrogen charging prior to tests in sour environments are covered.
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Haase, Thomas, Christoph Bosch, Jens Schroeder, and Nicolas Trapp. "Testing of Large-Diameter Pipe Material for Resistance to SOHIC in the New Twist and Bend Test." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-12972.
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Abstract Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking (SOHIC) is recognized as an individual cracking mechanism in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-2. SOHIC occurrence is rare and the mechanism not fully understood but thought to be restricted to carbon and low-alloy steels with low strength and low hardness. Several SOHIC resistance test methods have been reported, but none of the test methods is currently standardized. The newly developed “twist and bend” test is currently under standardization in NACE TG 536. Within this work, SOHIC resistance tests using the “twist and bend” test method were performed on SAWL large-diameter pipes of grades X52 and X65. All relevant sampling positions (base material, heat-affected zone, longitudinal weld) were investigated and the results were compared to standard four-point bend SSC tests without additional twist. A new test geometry using reduced specimen dimensions that allows testing of smaller specimens containing welds has also been developed. In addition, a finite element method (FEM) simulation comparing both test geometries was also performed. The SOHIC performance is discussed based on grade, microstructure and hardness of the investigated pipe materials. The investigated SAWL large-diameter pipes revealed excellent SOHIC resistance.
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Eskinja, Magdalena, Gregor Mori, Masoud Moshtaghi, Stefan Hönig, and Gerald Zehethofer. "The Interaction of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Based Corrosion Inhibitor with Carbon Steel in CO2 Saturated NaCl Solution." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19515.
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Abstract Carbon steel is commonly used structural material for pipelines in oil and gas industry due to its economic feasibility. However, it is characterized by high susceptibility to corrosion attack and for this reason corrosion inhibitors are in majority of cases utilized to protect the steel. This paper investigates the interaction between quaternary ammonium compound-based inhibitor and carbon steel, C1020. The efficiency and impact of inhibitor on corrosion rate behavior of carbon steel was assessed through linear polarization resistance (LPR) under conditions representative in oil field. Carbon steel samples were tested in 1.5% NaCl with addition of inhibitor, purged with 1 bar CO2 at two different temperatures (25 °C and 75°C) and concentrations (10 and 100 ppm). Additionally, the prolonged immersion tests (120 h) were conducted. In spite of already established standard laboratory testing procedures, the aspect of divergent input values of testing parameters (scan rate, open circuit value) and its effect on electrochemical measurement results, has been limitedly discussed. Therefore, the influence of parameters of LPR method on corrosion rate values in combined inhibitor and carbon steel system was also evaluated and compared with standardized Tafel polarization method.
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Kane, R. D., M. S. Cayard, S. Tebbal, and M. Prager. "New Test Specimen and Methodology for Evaluation of Steels for Resistance to SOHIC." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97051.
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Abstract This paper presents a test method for the evaluation of carbon steels for resistance to stress oriented hydrogen induced cracking (SOHIC). It involves the extension of standard non-stressed HIC tests per NACE TM0284 to incorporate the following aspects critical for the evaluation of steels for wet H2S equipment: (1) application of tensile stress, (2) full immersion and one-side exposure, (3) evaluation of welded and non-welded specimens, and (4) crack location coding. A double beam (DB) test specimen adapted from ASTM G-39 loaded in 4-point bending is utilized to provide an applied stress. In addition to conventional analyses for internal cracking per NACE TM0284, analysis were developed for (1) crack location coding relative to weld, HAZ and base metal locations and for position of cracks relative to tension surface or centerline locations, and for (2) a simplified SOHIC evaluation procedure involving the measurement of SOHIC crack extension in a notch, non-welded specimen. Data is presented which highlights these particular aspects of the DB test specimen relative to other standard test specimens per NACE TM0177 and TM0284 and for a round robin testing program using the DB specimen.
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Ning, Jing, Ramesh Rao, Peter F. Ellis, and Brent Sherar. "Evaluation of Girth-Welded 22Cr Duplex Stainless Steel Piping for Susceptibility to Environmentally Assisted Cracking (EAC), Pitting, and General Corrosion in a Sour Environment." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16725.
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Abstract The results of a stress corrosion cracking (SCC) qualification study of twenty-four heats of girth-welded 22Cr duplex stainless steel (DSS) piping are reported. This study evaluated the performance of either triplicate welded ANSI/NACE TM0177-2016 Method A tensile specimens or triplicate welded NACE TM0316-2016-compliant four-point-bend-beam (FPBB) specimens per heat exposed to a sour environment at 90 °C. All environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) specimens were stressed to an equivalent of 90% of their respective 0.2%-offset yield strengths at 90 °C to assess SCC susceptibility. In addition, duplicate welded corrosion coupons were machined per heat for determination of pitting susceptibility and weight loss corrosion rates. All EAC specimens and corrosion coupons were machined in the longitudinal direction with the weld metal transecting the specimens at mid-length so that each specimen contained a portion of parent metal, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal. Tensile specimens were installed in proprietary Window-Box Sustained-Load (WBSL) fixtures and loaded to 90% of the actual uniaxial 0.2% offset yield strength at 90°C (AYS90°C), of the heat-specific parent material per ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2015. Alternately, FPBB specimens were assembled in four-point bending fixtures and deflected at room temperature to the strain corresponding to 90% AYS90°C of the heat-specific parent material. The stressed EAC specimens and corrosion coupons were exposed to a simulated sour service environment containing up to 0.18 bar H2S and 33,000 mg/L Cl- at 90 °C for 720 hours. All EAC specimens passed and weight-loss corrosion rates were ≤ 0.036 mpy. In addition, Annex A.7.3, ANSI/NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2015 specifies hardness requirements. Hardness surveys of a girth-weld sample per heat were performed using Vickers hardness tester in accordance with this Standard for butt welds. Hardness survey of each heat demonstrated that hardness of base metal, HAZs and weld did not exceed the maximum hardness specified in the Standard.
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Kim, Sung Jin, Hwan Gyo Jung, and Kyoo Young Kim. "Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking Property of Pressure Vessel Steel in Sour Environment." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01204.
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Abstract The aim of this research is to study hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) properties of the pressure vessel steel (ASTM A516) having three different kinds of microstructure obtained by different cooling rates in normalizing heat treatment. HIC test was performed in reference to NACE TM0284 standard method. For the effective analysis on SSC, 2 kinds of test method were utilized: the constant load test (CLT: dead weight device) and 4-point bent beam test in reference to NACE TM0177 and ASTM G39, respectively. In addition, fractography analysis by using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was performed to clarify the crack initiation sites and propagation paths with respect to the different microstructures ranging from ferrite/pearlite to bainite. The results indicated that the HIC resistance was increased in the order of water quenched (WQ) specimen, air cooled (AC) specimen and oil cooled (OC) specimen whereas, the SSC resistance was increased in the order of WQ specimen, OC specimen and AC specimen, with AC specimen being the most resistant to SSC. It suggests that the microstructure with high resistance to HIC does not directly assure high resistance to SSC. For OC and WQ specimens, however, tempering heat treatment decreases the crack length ratio (CLR) determined by ultrasonic detector (UT) and increases significantly the threshold stress (σth) determined by the CLT, resulting in the best performance with respect to both HIC and SSC susceptibility. Also, the fractography analysis revealed that the failure mode of AC specimen under external stress was type I SSC (SOHIC), while the OC and WQ specimens showed a mixture of type I and type II SSC failure mode.
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Kamel, Sara Abdullah, and Fadam Muteb Abdoon. "Spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of pyridoxine hydrochloride & phenylephrine hydrochloride via H-point standard addition method." In PROCEEDING OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED RESEARCH IN PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICARPAS2021): Third Annual Conference of Al-Muthanna University/College of Science. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094172.
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N. DNBEEL, Nagham, Asmaa Ghanim DAWOOD, Lazeeza S. OMER, and Theia'a N. AL-SABHA. "SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF LINAGLIPITIN AND METFORMIN USING H-POINT STANDARD ADDITION AND VIERODT᾿S METHODS." In VII. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESSOF PURE,APPLIEDANDTECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress7-18.
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For the simultaneous determination of linagliptin and metformin in pharmaceutical formulations, two spectrophotometric procedures were described that were direct, accurate, and precise. The first was based on the H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) in which a standard solution of linagliptin was added to a mixture of linagliptin and metformin to monitor the absorbance at the wavelength pair of 231.7 nm and 243.4 nm. Linearity, accuracy, and precision were accepted over the concentration range of 0-3.2 μg/mL and 0.8 - 2.8 μg/ mL for linagliptin and metformin, respectively. In the second method, the simultaneous equation method (Vierodt᾿s method) was developed and validated, where two wavelengths 226 and 238 nm of linagliptin and metformin, respectively, were chosen to form the simultaneous equation. The results of applying Vierodt's method showed that linagliptin and metformin could be quantified simultaneously in the concentration range of 0 - 25 μg/mL and 0 -20 μg/mL, respectively. These methods have been successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of linagliptin and metformin in various synthetic mixtures, and pharmaceutical products. Key words: Linagliptin ; Metformin ; H-Point Standard Addition Method ; Vierodt᾿S Method; Simultaneous Determination
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "H-Point Standard Addition Method"
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George, Darin. L52315 Testing of Environmentally-Friendly Gas Sampling Methods. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010176.
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Recent environmental concerns have led to calls for reduced hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere from a variety of sources. One source of emissions being examined in this regard is natural gas spot sampling methods that vent pipeline gases to the atmosphere. Some sampling techniques and equipment have been developed that do not emit greenhouse gases, but the need exists to test these methods for their ability to collect accurate, representative samples. Another related concern is the accuracy of samples drawn from streams near their hydrocarbon dew point (HDP). While the spot sampling methods recommended by current industry standards perform well on streams far above their HDP, little data are available on their performance near or at the HDP, where poor sampling methods can cause heavy hydrocarbons to condense from the sample and distort the analysis. This project evaluated the ability of four natural gas spot sampling methods, including two zero emissions sampling methods, to capture accurate, representative samples of gas streams at or near their hydrocarbon dew point (HDP). Two of the sampling methods tested were variations on the GPA fill-and-empty method, with additional steps intended to heat the sampling equipment above the HDP or clear condensed hydrocarbon liquids from the sample line. The other two sampling methods, which use the A+ Q2 sample cylinder and a constant-pressure floating-piston sample cylinder, were developed to prevent condensation of heavy hydrocarbons during the sampling process.
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Lillard, Scott. DTPH56-15-H-CAP02 Understanding and Mitigating the Threat of AC Induced Corrosion on Buried Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011875.
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Explores new methods for assessing the threat of AC corrosion on buried pipelines. The results from this project will improve indirect inspection methods for assessing the impact of induced AC currents on pipeline corrosion rates and could be used for national and international standards. To accomplish this goal the project has three thrust areas: laboratory studies, industrial test facility benchmarking, and in-service pipeline validation. Previous work in our lab has shown that the magnitude of interfacial capacitance of the corroding metal is a key parameter in determining the AC corrosion rate. As such we will investigate the interfacial capacitance that develops on pipeline steel as a function of corrosion product build-up (scaling) and soil properties such as, resistivity, mineral content, and pH. In addition, we will conduct exploratory studies to determine the susceptibility of pipeline steel to environmental fracture during exposure to AC. Results from these tests will be benchmarked in experiments conducted in industrial pipeline testing facilities at Mears Integrity and Marathon Petroleum. Finally, we will validate the project by collecting indirect inspection data on an in-service pipeline in a transmission line right-of-way owned by Marathon. These data will be used as input to an AC Risk Algorithm to prioritize direct inspection of the pipeline. If permissible, the section of the pipeline identified as being at the greatest risk will be assessed using direct inspection.
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Ley, Matt, Tom Baldvins, Hannah Pilkington, David Jones, and Kelly Anderson. Vegetation classification and mapping project: Big Thicket National Preserve. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299254.
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The Big Thicket National Preserve (BITH) vegetation inventory project classified and mapped vegetation within the administrative boundary and estimated thematic map accuracy quantitatively. National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program provided technical guidance. The overall process included initial planning and scoping, imagery procurement, vegetation classification field data collection, data analysis, imagery interpretation/classification, accuracy assessment (AA), and report writing and database development. Initial planning and scoping meetings took place during May, 2016 in Kountze, Texas where representatives gathered from BITH, the NPS Gulf Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network, and Colorado State University. The project acquired new 2014 orthoimagery (30-cm, 4-band (RGB and CIR)) from the Hexagon Imagery Program. Supplemental imagery for the interpretation phase included Texas Natural Resources Information System (TNRIS) 2015 50 cm leaf-off 4-band imagery from the Texas Orthoimagery Program (TOP), Farm Service Agency (FSA) 100-cm (2016) and 60 cm (2018) National Aerial Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery, and current and historical true-color Google Earth and Bing Maps imagery. In addition to aerial and satellite imagery, 2017 Neches River Basin Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data was obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and TNRIS to analyze vegetation structure at BITH. The preliminary vegetation classification included 110 United States National Vegetation Classification (USNVC) associations. Existing vegetation and mapping data combined with vegetation plot data contributed to the final vegetation classification. Quantitative classification using hierarchical clustering and professional expertise was supported by vegetation data collected from 304 plots surveyed between 2016 and 2019 and 110 additional observation plots. The final vegetation classification includes 75 USNVC associations and 27 park special types including 80 forest and woodland, 7 shrubland, 12 herbaceous, and 3 sparse vegetation types. The final BITH map consists of 51 map classes. Land cover classes include five types: pasture / hay ground agricultural vegetation; non ? vegetated / barren land, borrow pit, cut bank; developed, open space; developed, low ? high intensity; and water. The 46 vegetation classes represent 102 associations or park specials. Of these, 75 represent natural vegetation associations within the USNVC, and 27 types represent unpublished park specials. Of the 46 vegetation map classes, 26 represent a single USNVC association/park special, 7 map classes contain two USNVC associations/park specials, 4 map classes contain three USNVC associations/park specials, and 9 map classes contain four or more USNVC associations/park specials. Forest and woodland types had an abundance of Pinus taeda, Liquidambar styraciflua, Ilex opaca, Ilex vomitoria, Quercus nigra, and Vitis rotundifolia. Shrubland types were dominated by Pinus taeda, Ilex vomitoria, Triadica sebifera, Liquidambar styraciflua, and/or Callicarpa americana. Herbaceous types had an abundance of Zizaniopsis miliacea, Juncus effusus, Panicum virgatum, and/or Saccharum giganteum. The final BITH vegetation map consists of 7,271 polygons totaling 45,771.8 ha (113,104.6 ac). Mean polygon size is 6.3 ha (15.6 ac). Of the total area, 43,314.4 ha (107,032.2 ac) or 94.6% represent natural or ruderal vegetation. Developed areas such as roads, parking lots, and campgrounds comprise 421.9 ha (1,042.5 ac) or 0.9% of the total. Open water accounts for approximately 2,034.9 ha (5,028.3 ac) or 4.4% of the total mapped area. Within the natural or ruderal vegetation types, forest and woodland types were the most extensive at 43,022.19 ha (106,310.1 ac) or 94.0%, followed by herbaceous vegetation types at 129.7 ha (320.5 ac) or 0.3%, sparse vegetation types at 119.2 ha (294.5 ac) or 0.3%, and shrubland types at 43.4 ha (107.2 ac) or 0.1%. A total of 784 AA samples were collected to evaluate the map?s thematic accuracy. When each AA sample was evaluated for a variety of potential errors, a number of the disagreements were overturned. It was determined that 182 plot records disagreed due to either an erroneous field call or a change in the vegetation since the imagery date, and 79 disagreed due to a true map classification error. Those records identified as incorrect due to an erroneous field call or changes in vegetation were considered correct for the purpose of the AA. As a simple plot count proportion, the reconciled overall accuracy was 89.9% (705/784). The spatially-weighted overall accuracy was 92.1% with a Kappa statistic of 89.6%. This method provides more weight to larger map classes in the park. Five map classes had accuracies below 80%. After discussing preliminary results with the parl, we retained those map classes because the community was rare, the map classes provided desired detail for management or the accuracy was reasonably close to the 80% target. When the 90% AA confidence intervals were included, an additional eight classes had thematic accruacies that extend below 80%. In addition to the vegetation polygon database and map, several products to support park resource management include the vegetation classification, field key to the associations, local association descriptions, photographic database, project geodatabase, ArcGIS .mxd files for map posters, and aerial imagery acquired for the project. The project geodatabase links the spatial vegetation data layer to vegetation classification, plot photos, project boundary extent, AA points, and PLOTS database sampling data. The geodatabase includes USNVC hierarchy tables allowing for spatial queries of data associated with a vegetation polygon or sample point. All geospatial products are projected using North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 15 N. The final report includes methods and results, contingency tables showing AA results, field forms, species list, and a guide to imagery interpretation. These products provide useful information to assist with management of park resources and inform future management decisions. Use of standard national vegetation classification and mapping protocols facilitates effective resource stewardship by ensuring the compatibility and widespread use throughout NPS as well as other federal and state agencies. Products support a wide variety of resource assessments, park management and planning needs. Associated information provides a structure for framing and answering critical scientific questions about vegetation communities and their relationship to environmental processes across the landscape.
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Dettling, Mark, Diana Humple, Michael Mahoney, Mark Dettling, Diana Humple, and Michael Mahoney. Riparian landbird monitoring in Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Point Reyes National Seashore: Progress report for 2021?2023. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2305750.
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Point Blue Conservation Science (hereafter Point Blue) conducted landbird monitoring from 16 August 2021 through 15 August 2023 in predominantly riparian habitat found in Point Reyes National Seashore and Golden Gate National Recreation Area. This monitoring was on behalf of the National Park Service?s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Program. Progress reports, like this one, are intended to document the survey efforts and to provide a basic summary of the data collected. This progress report deviates slightly from the structure of previous progress reports by summarizing two years of data collection instead of one, as outlined in the protocol. The NPS provided additional funding to Point Blue for mist netting and point count surveys in fall 2021 through summer 2022 to complement the standard point count surveys called for by the program protocol. As a consequence, data from the entire fall 2021 through summer 2023 time frame are fully summarized in this report. Point Blue staff conducted monitoring at 15 study sites within the parks using one or both of two methods: point counts and constant-effort mist netting. We report on point count surveys that were conducted during the peak landbird breeding season (May?June) of 2022 and 2023 and mist netting (and associated bird banding) that was conducted in fall 2021 through summer 2023. Staff conduct monitoring at the entire suite of point count sites every third year, which was the 2023 breeding season. Additionally, staff conduct monitoring annually at a subset of core sites (mist netting and point counts) as part of Point Blue?s Palomarin Field Station network of intensive monitoring sites and as a complement to the I&M Program. Staff conducted surveys in fall 2021 through summer 2022 only at these core sites. Of the 126 bird species detected between fall 2021 and summer 2023, 32 are California Partners in Flight Focal Species (CalPIF 2000, CalPIF 2002a, CalPIF 2002b, CalPIF 2004, CalPIF 2009, RHJV 2004), six are California Bird Species of Special Concern (Shuford and Gardali 2008), and one is listed as Threatened by the State of California (CNDDB 2023). Public outreach, via in-person and virtual demonstrations, is an important component of Point Blue?s mist-netting programs. As we navigated reopening to public visitation following COVID-19 restrictions, over 700 members of the public viewed mist netting in person at the study sites as part of organized groups during this two-year period.
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Macdonald, Susan, Emily Hudson, and Michael Dickinson. Product Survey of Cat Food for Mycotoxins. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ido363.
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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) commissioned this survey to obtain occurrence data for a range of mycotoxins in wet and dry cat food samples at two sampling points. In the summer of 2021, a rise in cases of feline pancytopenia was reported across the UK. Analysis of the cat food suspected to be linked to this increase was carried out however the testing was not able to definitively determine the cause. At the time the FSA reported that: “The results of extensive testing identified higher levels of mycotoxins in some samples of the recalled cat food. This includes specific compounds known as T-2 and HT-2. These products are no longer on sale. Mycotoxins are found in some types of feed and food and do not, in themselves, indicate they are the cause of feline pancytopenia. No causative link between pancytopenia and the recalled cat food products has been established.” Following on from the above incident the FSA and FSS commissioned work to develop an evidence base for current mycotoxin occurrence data within wet and dry cat food products. The aim of the study was to carry out a survey to obtain quantitative occurrence data for the following mycotoxins: aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, T-2, HT-2, diacetoxyscirpenol and neosolaniol. A further semi-quantitative screen aimed to determine the occurrence of 70 mycotoxins and mycotoxin metabolites (including and not in addition to the mycotoxins in the quantitative screen). Samples were taken from 20 wet and 20 dry cat food products available on the UK market using accredited methods of analysis. The study was carried out at two different time points to assess whether there were seasonal differences. As far as possible, the same samples were bought during both sampling periods.
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Lehmann, Johannes, and Nina Dwerlkotte. Carbon Farming and Its Impact on Agricultural Technology. SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2023026.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The agricultural sector is responsible for a large share of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. At the same time, methods such as targeted land use change can reduce emissions from landscape elements and sequester carbon from the atmosphere in the soil. This process, also known as carbon farming, has not been uniformly defined, and faces challenges regarding establishing new requirments for agricultural vehicles and technology, creating profitable business models (that preclude “greenwashing”), and developing governmental frameworks and industry acceptance.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>Carbon Farming and Its Impact on Agricultural Technology</b> discusses the large development gap for carbon farming methods, especially with regard to agricultural technology. In addition to the new hardware requirements arising from land use change, there is also a need for the further development of software. The establishment of suitable interfaces and solutions that are interoperable with existing technologies is also crucial at this point. This report clearly shows that more funding for research and development is needed today so that appropriate standards can be set and carbon farming can contribute to climate protection in the future.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph"><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank">Click here to access the full SAE EDGE</a><sup>TM</sup><a href="https://www.sae.org/publications/edge-research-reports" target="_blank"> Research Report portfolio.</a></div></div>
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Bhakta, Tuhin, Jarle Haukås, Rolf Johan Lorentzen, Xiaodong Luo, and Geir Nævdal. Workflow for adding 4D seismic data in history matching. University of Stavanger, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.204.
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In this document we present a workflow for ensemble-based 4D seismic history matching. Ensemble-based history matching has become standard for production data, but 4D seismic data poses a number of additional challenges. One issue is that the amount of data is considerably larger, but another, probably more complicating factor is that for utilizing the seismic data, either the seismic data must be inverted to properties that is included in the reservoir simulation model, or a seismic response must be modeled, given the current estimate of the reservoir properties. This leads to a number of choices on how to utilize the information of the 4D seismic data. We will discuss this, as well as point to approaches for handling large amounts of data in ensemble-based history matching. The developed approach has been applied on the Norne field and is currently being evaluated at the Ekofisk field. This document is primarily addressed to reservoir engineers and researchers that are working on history matching 4D seismic data, but it might also be of interest to those working with 4D seismic data from a geophysical perspective. After all, 4D seismic history matching should be viewed as an interdisciplinary subject. Although, our focus has been on ensemble-based history matching, some of the choices that have to be made in utilizing 4D seismic data is independent of the actual method used for history matching.
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Ley, Matt, Tom Baldvins, David Jones, Hanna Pilkington, and Kelly Anderson. Vegetation classification and mapping: Gulf Islands National Seashore. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299028.
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The Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS) vegetation inventory project classified and mapped vegetation on park-owned lands within the administrative boundary and estimated thematic map accuracy quantitatively. The project began in June 2016. National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program provided technical guidance. The overall process included initial planning and scoping, imagery procurement, field data collection, data analysis, imagery interpretation/classification, accuracy assessment (AA), and report writing and database development. Initial planning and scoping meetings took place during May, 2016 in Ocean Springs, Mississippi where representatives gathered from GUIS, the NPS Gulf Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network, and Colorado State University. Primary imagery used for interpretation was 4-band (RGB and CIR) orthoimages from 2014 and 2016 with resolutions of 15 centimeters (cm) (Florida only) and 30 cm. Supplemental imagery with varying coverage across the study area included National Aerial Imagery Program 50 cm imagery for Mississippi (2016) and Florida (2017), 15 and 30 cm true color Digital Earth Model imagery for Mississippi (2016 and 2017), and current and historical true-color Google Earth and Bing Map imagery. National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration National Geodetic Survey 30 cm true color imagery from 2017 (post Hurricane Nate) supported remapping the Mississippi barrier islands after Hurricane Nate. The preliminary vegetation classification included 59 United States National Vegetation Classification (USNVC) associations. Existing vegetation and mapping data combined with vegetation plot data contributed to the final vegetation classification. Quantitative classification using hierarchical clustering and professional expertise was supported by vegetation data collected from 250 plots in 2016 and 29 plots in 2017 and 2018, as well as other observational data. The final vegetation classification includes 39 USNVC associations and 5 park special types; 18 forest and woodland, 7 shrubland, 17 herbaceous, and 2 sparse vegetation types were identified. The final GUIS map consists of 38 map classes. Land cover classes include four types: non-vegetated barren land / borrow pit, developed open space, developed low – high intensity, and water/ocean. Of the 34 vegetation map classes, 26 represent a single USNVC association/park special, six map classes contain two USNVC associations/park specials, and two map classes contain three USNVC associations/park specials. Forest and woodland associations had an abundance of sand pine (Pinus clausa), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), sand live oak (Quercus geminata), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), wax myrtle (Morella cerifera), and saw palmetto (Serenoa repens). Shrubland associations supported dominant species such as eastern baccharis (Baccharis halimifolia), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), wax myrtle (Morella cerifera), saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), and sand live oak (Quercus geminata). Herbaceous associations commonly included camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), needlegrass rush (Juncus roemerianus), bitter seabeach grass (Panicum amarum var. amarum), gulf bluestem (Schizachyrium maritimum), saltmeadow cordgrass (Spartina patens), and sea oats (Uniola paniculata). The final GUIS vegetation map consists of 1,268 polygons totaling 35,769.0 hectares (ha) or 88,387.2 acres (ac). Mean polygon size excluding water is 3.6 ha (8.9 ac). The most abundant land cover class is open water/ocean which accounts for approximately 31,437.7 ha (77,684.2 ac) or 87.9% of the total mapped area. Natural and ruderal vegetation consists of 4,176.8 ha (10,321.1 ac) or 11.6% of the total area. Within the natural and ruderal vegetation types, herbaceous types are the most extensive with 1945.1 ha (4,806.4 ac) or 46.5%, followed by forest and woodland types with 804.9 ha (1,989.0 ac) or 19.3%, sparse vegetation types with 726.9 ha (1,796.1 ac) or 17.4%, and shrubland types with 699.9 ha (1,729.5 ac) or 16.8%. Developed open space, which can include a matrix of roads, parking lots, park-like areas and campgrounds account for 153.8 ha (380.0 ac) or 0.43% of the total mapped area. Artificially non-vegetated barren land is rare and only accounts for 0.74 ha (1.82 ac) or 0.002% of the total area. We collected 701 AA samples to evaluate the thematic accuracy of the vegetation map. Final thematic accuracy, as a simple proportion of correct versus incorrect field calls, is 93.0%. Overall weighted map class accuracy is 93.6%, where the area of each map class was weighted in proportion to the percentage of total park area. This method provides more weight to larger map classes in the park. Each map class had an individual thematic accuracy goal of at least 80%. The hurricane impact area map class was the only class that fell below this target with an accuracy of 73.5%. The vegetation communities impacted by the hurricane are highly dynamic and regenerated quickly following the disturbance event, contributing to map class disagreement during the accuracy assessment phase. No other map classes fell below the 80% accuracy threshold. In addition to the vegetation polygon database and map, several products to support park resource management are provided including the vegetation classification, field key to the associations, local association descriptions, photographic database, project geodatabase, ArcGIS .mxd files for map posters, and aerial imagery acquired for the project. The project geodatabase links the spatial vegetation data layer to vegetation classification, plot photos, project boundary extent, AA points, and the PLOTS database. The geodatabase includes USNVC hierarchy tables allowing for spatial queries of data associated with a vegetation polygon or sample point. All geospatial products are projected using North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 16 N. The final report includes methods and results, contingency tables showing AA results, field forms, species list, and a guide to imagery interpretation. These products provide useful information to assist with management of park resources and inform future management decisions. Use of standard national vegetation classification and mapping protocols facilitates effective resource stewardship by ensuring the compatibility and widespread use throughout the NPS as well as other federal and state agencies. Products support a wide variety of resource assessments, park management and planning needs. Associated information provides a structure for framing and answering critical scientific questions about vegetation communities and their relationship to environmental processes across the landscape.
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Briones, Roehlano, Ivory Myka Galang, Isabel Espineli, Aniceto Jr Orbeta, and Marife Ballesteros. Endline Study Report and Policy Study for the ConVERGE Project. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.13.
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The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), in partnership with the International Fund for Agricultural Development, implemented the project Convergence on Value Chain Enhancement for Rural Growth and Empowerment (ConVERGE) with the goal of empowering Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs) to drive rural economic growth across 10 provinces spanning 3 regions. DAR engaged the Philippine Institute for Development Studies to undertake baseline and endline studies, serving as a crucial assessment tool for the project's performance and providing insights to inform the comprehensive ARC Cluster Development (ARCCD) Strategy aimed at advancing smallholder agriculture in the Philippines. This endline report provides the analysis of the baseline and endline datasets. It discusses the following key points: (i) results of the impact evaluation study, (ii) result of final process evaluation, and (iii) recommendations for the ARCCD Strategy. The quantitative analysis part of the study indicates a significant 41-percent average treatment effect from the project, validating its theory of change in boosting income for ARC cluster households through value chain interventions. The process evaluation generally confirms the assumptions and impact pathways, with some deviations and shortfalls. Although the beneficiaries express satisfaction with the project, they have limited understanding of its rationale. The clustering method, which links small farmers to value chains by forming ARBs into lead and participating ARB organizations (ARBOs), appears to enhance government support efficiency for organized groups. The paper underscores the importance of additional capacity building for both lead and participating ARBOs, and it recommends a more active engagement of other government agencies to address value-adding technologies, food processing standards, credit accessibility, and market facilitation.
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Small Lung Nodule Volume Assessment and Monitoring in Low Dose CT Screening, Clinically Feasible Profile. Chair Artit Jirapatnakul, James Mulshine, and Kyle Myers. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) / Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/qiba/20231219.
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The goal of a QIBA Profile is to help achieve a useful level of performance for a given biomarker. The Claim (Section 2) describes the biomarker performance. The Profile Activities (Section 3) contribute to generating the biomarker. Requirements are placed on the Actors that participate in those activities as necessary to achieve the Claim. Assessment Procedures (Section 4) defines the technical methods to be used for evaluating conformance with profile requirements. This includes the steps needed for clinical sites and equipment vendors to be compliant with the Profile. This QIBA Profile (Small Lung Nodule Volume Assessment and Monitoring in Low Dose CT Screening) addresses the accuracy and precision of quantitative CT volumetry as applied to solid lung nodules of 6-10 mm diameter. It places requirements on Acquisition Devices, Technologists, Radiologists and Image Analysis Tools involved in activities including Periodic Equipment Quality Assurance, Subject Selection, Subject Handling, Image Data Acquisition, Image Data Reconstruction, Image Quality Assurance, and Image Analysis. The requirements are focused on achieving sufficient accuracy and avoiding unnecessary variability of the lung nodule volume measurement. Two sets of claims are provided within this Profile. The first claim establishes 95% confidence intervals for volumetric measurement of solid lung nodules for each different millimeter in diameter from 6-10 mm as this is the size range for baseline measurements. The second claim provides guidance on the amount of volumetric change percentage needed for an observer to have 95% confidence that the nodule has exhibited true change. In addition, the second claim also provides guidance on the 95% confidence interval for a volumetric size change measurement, again based on the size of the nodule at two time points. This document is intended to help clinicians reliably measure pulmonary nodule volume as an imaging biomarker, imaging staff generating this biomarker, vendor staff developing related products, purchasers of such products and investigators designing trials with imaging endpoints. Note that this Profile document only states requirements to achieve the claim, not “requirements on standard of care.” Further, meeting the goals of this Profile is secondary to properly caring for the patient. This Profile document includes a conformance test that can be performed with a precision engineered phantom designed to test the fundamental imaging performance characteristics of the CT scanner to be used at a clinical site. The steps to perform the conformance test are described in the Profile and can determine if the site scanner is functioning at a level that would be capable of measuring with accuracy sufficient to meet the requirements of the Profile claim. QIBA Profiles addressing other imaging biomarkers using CT, MRI, PET and Ultrasound can be found at qibawiki.rsna.org.