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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Heavy ion beam”

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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Dietrich, K. G., K. Mahrt-Olt, J. Jacoby, et al. "Beam–plasma interaction experiments with heavy-ion beams." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 4 (1990): 583–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009010.

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The progress of the experimental research program at GSI for studying beam-plasma interaction phenomena is reported. Heavy-ion beams from the new accelerator facility SIS/ESR at GSI-Darmstadt are now available for experiments, and will soon deliver ≥ 109 particles per pulse in 100 ns. Focused on a small sample of matter, the beams will be able to produce a high-density plasma and to permit investigation of interaction processes of heavy ions with hot ionized matter.For the intense beam from the new heavy-ion synchrotron (SIS), a fine-focus system has been designed to produce a high specific de

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2

Someya, Tetsuo, Aleksandar Ogoyski, Shigeo Kawata, and Toru Sasaki. "Heavy Ion Beam Illumination Uniformity in Heavy Ion Beam Inertial Confinement Fusion." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 124, no. 1 (2004): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.124.85.

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3

Ulrich, A., B. Busch, H. Eylers, et al. "Lasers pumped by heavy-ion beams." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 4 (1990): 659–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009071.

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General aspects of the excitation of matter with heavy-ion beams are discussed. Lasers in the wavelength region between 1 and 3 μm in rare-gas mixtures pumped with 1.9-GeV xenon, 100-MeV sulphur, 3.6-MeV argon, and 3.3-MeV helium ions are described as examples for lasers pumped by heavy-ion beams. The beam power ranges from a few watts (dc) to about 1 MW during short pulses of about 1-ns length. Optical gain can be measured with an intracavity method. Data on the shape of the volume excited by a 100- MeV 32S beam are shown. An experimental setup for time-resolved optical spectroscopy in a wide

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4

Rubbia, Carlo. "Heavy-ion accelerators for inertial confinement fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 2 (1993): 391–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004985.

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Two concepts have been applied to the classical problem of accelerators for the ignition of indirectly driven inertial fusion. The first is the use of non-Liouvillian stacking based on photoionisation of a singly charged ion beam. A special FEL appears the most suited device to generate the appropriate light beam intensity at the required wavelength. The second is based on the use of a large number of (>1000) beamlets–or “beam straws”–all focussed by an appropriate magnetic structure and concentrated on the same spot on the pellet. The use of a large number of beams–each with a relatively l

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5

BRÄUNING, H., A. DIEHL, K. v. DIEMAR, et al. "Charge-changing ion–ion collisions in heavy ion fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 3 (2002): 493–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602203262.

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In heavy ion fusion, the compression of the DT pellet requires high intensity beams of ions in the gigaelectron volt energy range. Charge-changing collisions due to intrabeam scattering can have a high impact on the design of adequate accelerator and storage rings. Not only do intensity losses have to be taken into account, but also the deposition of energy on the beam lines after bending magnets, for example, may be nonnegligible. The center-of-mass energy for these intrabeam collisions is typically in the kiloelectron volt range for beam energies in the order of several gigaelectron volts. I

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6

Okamura, Masahiro, Megumi Sekine, Shunsuke Ikeda, Takeshi Kanesue, Masafumi Kumaki, and Yasuhiro Fuwa. "Preliminary result of rapid solenoid for controlling heavy-ion beam parameters of laser ion source." Laser and Particle Beams 33, no. 2 (2015): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461500004x.

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AbstractTo realize a heavy-ion inertial fusion (HIF) driver, we have studied a possibility of laser ion source (LIS). A LIS can provide high-current high-brightness heavy-ion beams; however, it was difficult to manipulate the beam parameters. To overcome the issue, we employed a pulsed solenoid in the plasma drift section and investigated the effect of the solenoid field on singly charged iron beams. The rapid ramping magnetic field could enhance limited time slice of the current and simultaneously the beam emittance changed accordingly. This approach may also be useful to realize an ion sourc

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7

Bock, R. "German heavy-ion ICF activities: Status and prospects." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 4 (1990): 563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600008995.

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The main goals of the German program are the study of key issues of inertial fusion with intense beams of heavy ions. The completion of the new heavy-ion synchrotron and storage ring facility SIS/ESR at GSI opens new directions for experimental investigations on beam dynamics at high intensity and on beam/target interaction. In addition, new accelerator scenarios will be investigated based on non-Liouvillean beam-handling techniques.

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8

Niu, K., P. Mulser, and L. Drska. "Beam generations of three kinds of charged particles." Laser and Particle Beams 9, no. 1 (1991): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600002391.

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Analyses are given for beam generations of three kinds of charged particles: electrons, light ions, and heavy ions. The electron beam oscillates in a dense plasma irradiated by a strong laser light. When the frequency of laser light is high and its intensity is large, the acceleration of oscillating electrons becomes large and the electrons radiate electromagnetic waves. As the reaction, the electrons feel a damping force, whose effect on oscillating electron motion is investigated first. Second, the electron beam induces the strong electromagnetic field by its self-induced electric current de

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9

NEFF, S., R. KNOBLOCH, D. H. H. HOFFMANN, A. TAUSCHWITZ, and S. S. YU. "Transport of heavy-ion beams in a 1 m free-standing plasma channel." Laser and Particle Beams 24, no. 1 (2006): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034606060125.

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The transport of high-current heavy-ion beams in plasma channels is a promising option for the final transport in a heavy-ion fusion reactor, since it simplifies the construction of the reactor chamber significantly. Our experiments at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung demonstrate the creation of 1 m long stable plasma channels and the transport of heavy-ion beams. The article outlines the experimental setup used at GSI and reports the results of beam transport measurements using these long channels. The experiments demonstrate good beam transport properties of the channel, indicating

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10

KAWATA, Shigeo, Tatsuya KUROSAKI, Shunsuke KOSEKI, et al. "Wobbling Heavy Ion Beam Illumination in Heavy Ion Inertial Fusion." Plasma and Fusion Research 8 (2013): 3404048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1585/pfr.8.3404048.

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11

MUSTAFIN, E., O. BOINE-FRANKENHEIM, I. HOFMANN, and P. SPILLER. "Beam losses in heavy ion drivers." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 4 (2002): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602204310.

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While beam loss issues have hardly been considered in detail for heavy ion fusion scenarios, recent heavy ion machine developments in different labs (European Organization for Nuclear Research(CERN), Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC)) have shown the great importance of beam current limitations due to ion losses. Two aspects of beam losses in heavy ion accelerators are theoretically considered: (1) secondary neutron production due to lost ions, and (2) vacuum pressure instability due to

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12

Bozyk, L., D. H. H. Hoffmann, H. Kollmus, and P. Spiller. "Development of a cryocatcher prototype and measurement of cold desorption." Laser and Particle Beams 34, no. 3 (2016): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034616000240.

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AbstractThe superconducting synchrotron SIS100 of the FAIR accelerator project will provide heavy ion beams of highest intensities. SIS100 is the first synchrotron with a special design, optimized for the control of ionization beam loss. Ionization beam loss is the most pronounced loss mechanism at operation with high-intensity, intermediate charge state heavy ions. The new synchrotron layout comprises an ion catcher system, which in combination with a charge separator lattice shall suppress dynamic vacuum effects.A prototype cryogenic ion catcher, including a dedicated cryostat has been desig

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13

Murnick, D. E., and A. Ulrich. "Heavy ion beam pumped lasers." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 9, no. 4 (1985): 757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(85)90407-0.

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14

WELCH, D. R., D. V. ROSE, W. M. SHARP, C. L. OLSON, and S. S. YU. "Effects of preneutralization on heavy ion fusion chamber transport." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 4 (2002): 621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602204279.

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Beams for heavy ion fusion are likely to require at least partial neutralization in the reactor chamber. Present target designs call for higher beam currents and smaller focal spots than most earlier designs, leading to high space-charge fields. Focusing is complicated by beam stripping in the low-pressure background gas expected in chambers. One method proposed for neutralization is passing an ion beam through a plasma before the beam enters the chamber. In this article, the electromagnetic particle-in-cell code LSP is used to study the effectiveness of this form of preneutralization for a ra

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15

Katayama, T., A. Itano, A. Noda, M. Takanaka, S. Yamada, and Y. Hirao. "Design study of a heavy ion fusion driver, HIBLIC." Laser and Particle Beams 3, no. 1 (1985): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600001221.

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A heavy ion fusion (HIF) system, named HIBLIC (Heavy Ion Beam and LIthium Curtain) is conceptually designed. The driver system consists of RF linacs (RFQ linacs, IH linacs and Alvarez linacs), storage rings (one accumulator ring and three buncher rings) and beam transport lines with induction beam compressors. This accelerator complex provides 6 beams of 15 GeV208Pb1+ ions to be focused simultaneously on a target. Each beam carries 1·78 kA current with 25 ns pulse duration, i.e., the total incident energy on the target is 4 MJ, 160 TW per shot. Superconducting coils are used in most parts of t

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16

HOFFMANN, D. H. H. "BEAM-PLASMA INTERACTION EXPERIMENTS WITH HEAVY ION BEAMS." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 49, no. C7 (1988): C7–159—C7–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1988718.

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17

QIN, HONG, RONALD C. DAVIDSON, EDWARD A. STARTSEV та W. WEI-LI LEE. "δf simulation studies of the ion–electron two-stream instability in heavy ion fusion beams". Laser and Particle Beams 21, № 1 (2003): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602211052.

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Ion–electron two-stream instabilities in high intensity heavy ion fusion beams, described self-consistently by the nonlinear Vlasov–Maxwell equations, are studied using a three-dimensional multispecies perturbative particle simulation method. Large-scale parallel particle simulations are carried out using the recently developed Beam Equilibrium, Stability, and Transport (BEST) code. For a parameter regime characteristic of heavy ion fusion drivers, simulation results show that the most unstable mode of the ion–electron two-stream instability has a dipole-mode structure, and the linear growth r

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18

Herrmannsfeldt, W. B., and Denis Keefe. "Induction linac drivers for heavy ion fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 8, no. 1-2 (1990): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600007849.

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The Heavy Ion Fusion Accelerator Research (HIFAR) program of the U.S. Dept. of Energy has for several years concentrated on developing linear induction accelerators as Inertial Fusion (IF) drivers. This accelerator technology is suitable for the IF application because it is readily capable of accelerating short, intense pulses of charged particles with good electrical efficiency. The principal technical difficulty is in injecting and transporting the intense pulses while maintaining the necessary beam quality. The approach used has been to design a system of multiple beams so that not all of t

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19

Noda, Koji. "Development of heavy-ion radiotherapy technology with HIMAC." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 44 (January 2016): 1660219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516602192.

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Since 1994, HIMAC has carried out clinical studies and treatments for more than 9000 cancer patients with carbon-ion beams. During the first decade of the HIMAC study, a single beam-wobbling method, adopted as the HIMAC beam-delivery technique, was improved for treatments of moving tumors and for obtaining more conformal dose distribution. During the second decade, a pencil-beam 3D scanning method has been developed toward an “adaptive cancer treatment” for treatments of both static and moving tumors. A new treatment research facility was constructed with HIMAC in order to verify the developed

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20

Ulrich, A., B. Busch, W. Krötz, G. Ribitzki, J. Wieser, and D. E. Murnick. "Heavy-ion beam pumping as a model for nuclear-pumped lasers." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 3 (1993): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005164.

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Heavy-ion accelerators can provide various beams from protons to uranium ions with energies ranging from a few keV/u to more than 1 GeV/u. The Munich Tandem van de Graaff accelerator has been used for most of the experiments described in this article. It can provide continuous or pulsed beams of almost all elements with particle energies of about 3.5 MeV/u. The pulse width is typically 2 ns. Maximum DC-beam currents of the order of 10 μA can be obtained, for example, for 32S ions. When the beam is focused to a beam spot of about 3 mm diameter, the flux of the ions is comparable to the flux of

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21

KAWATA, SHIGEO, TETSUO SOMEYA, TAKASHI NAKAMURA, SHUJI MIYAZAKI, KOJI SHIMIZU, and ALEKSANDAR I. OGOYSKI. "Heavy ion beam final transport through an insulator guide in heavy ion fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 1 (2003): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602211064.

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Key issues of heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (ICF) include an efficient stable beam transport, beam focusing, uniform fuel pellet implosion, and so on. To realize a HIB fine focus on a fuel pellet, space-charge neutralization of incident focusing HIB is required at the HIB final transport just after a final focusing element in an HIB accelerator. In this article, an insulator annular tube guide is proposed at the final transport part, through which a HIB is transported. The physical mechanism of HIB charge neutralization based on an insulator annular guide is as follows: A lo

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22

Ma, Xiaoyun, Mengling Zhang, Wanbin Meng, Xiaoli Lu, Ziheng Wang, and Yanshan Zhang. "Analysis of the Dose Drop at the Edge of the Target Area in Heavy Ion Radiotherapy." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2021 (November 11, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4440877.

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Background. The dose distribution of heavy ions at the edge of the target region will have a steep decay during radiotherapy, which can better protect the surrounding organs at risk. Objective. To analyze the dose decay gradient at the back edge of the target region during heavy ion radiotherapy. Methods. Treatment planning system (TPS) was employed to analyze the dose decay at the edge of the beam under different incident modes and multiple dose segmentation conditions during fixed beam irradiation. The dose decay data of each plan was collected based on the position where the rear edge of th

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23

Vormann, H., W. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, U. Scheeler, M. Vossberg, and S. Yaramyshev. "High current heavy ion beam investigations at GSI-UNILAC." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (2023): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012037.

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Abstract The GSI Universal Linear Accelerator UNILAC and the synchrotron SIS18 will serve as injector for the upcoming FAIR-facility. The UNILAC-High Current Injector will be improved and modernized until FAIR is commissioned and the Alvarez post stripper accelerator is replaced. The reference heavy ion for future FAIR-operation is uranium, with highest intensity requirements. To re-establish uranium beam operation and to improve high current beam operation, different subjects have been explored in dedicated machine investigation campaigns. After a beam line modification in 2017 the RFQ-perfor

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24

Masugata, Katsumi, and Hiroaki Ito. "Intense Pulsed Heavy Ion Beam Technology." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 130, no. 10 (2010): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.130.879.

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25

Ulrich, A., J. Wieser, A. Brunnhuber, and W. Krötz. "Heavy ion beam pumped visible laser." Applied Physics Letters 64, no. 15 (1994): 1902–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111763.

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26

Schoch, P. M., J. C. Forster, W. C. Jennings, and R. L. Hickok. "TEXT heavy ion beam probe system." Review of Scientific Instruments 57, no. 8 (1986): 1825–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139141.

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27

Connor, K. A., T. P. Crowley, R. L. Hickok, et al. "Advances in heavy‐ion beam probing." Review of Scientific Instruments 59, no. 8 (1988): 1673–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140129.

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28

Ulrich, Andreas. "Heavy-Ion Beam Pumped UV Laser." Nuclear Physics News 18, no. 1 (2008): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10506890701751838.

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29

Hallock, G. A., R. L. Hickok, and R. S. Hornady. "The TMX heavy ion beam probe." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 22, no. 4 (1994): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/27.310639.

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30

Nesprías, F., M. Venturino, M. E. Debray, et al. "Heavy ion beam micromachining on LiNbO3." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 267, no. 1 (2009): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2008.10.083.

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Magelssen, G. R. "Heavy ion beam target coronal physics." Nuclear Fusion 28, no. 6 (1988): 967–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/28/6/002.

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Dong, Xicun, Xia Yan, and Wenjian Li. "Plant Mutation Breeding with Heavy Ion Irradiation at IMP." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 5 (2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n5p34.

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<p>The Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) is one of the ion-beam acceleration facilities intensively used at IMP, founded as national laboratory and opened for user in world from 1992. Since then, a lot of experiments irradiated by heavy ion beam have been carried out in the HIRFL, including plant mutation breeding. In this review, the biological effects induced by heavy ions and their corresponding mechanisms were reported from the point of view of cytological, morphological and molecular levels. To date, a large number of mutants were isolated using heavy ion irradiation IM

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33

GRISHAM, L. R. "Potential roles for heavy negative ions as driver beams." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 4 (2003): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034603214117.

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We have performed an initial assessment of the feasibility of producing heavy negative ion beams as drivers for an inertial confinement fusion reactor. Negative ion beams offer the potentially important advantages relative to positive ions that they will not draw electrons from surfaces and the target chamber plasma during acceleration, compression, and focusing, and they will not have a low energy tail. Intense negative ion beams could also be efficiently converted to atomically neutral beams by photodetachment prior to entering the target chamber. Depending on the target chamber pressure, th

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34

Träbert, E. "Precise atomic lifetime measurements with stored ion beams and ion traps." Canadian Journal of Physics 80, no. 12 (2002): 1481–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p02-123.

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For many years, atomic lifetime measurements on multiply-charged ions have been done almost exclusively by beam-foil spectroscopy. For low ion charges, however, spin-changing "intercombination" transitions have a rate that renders them too slow for traditional fast-beam techniques. Here ion traps and fast-ion beams have been combined in the concept of heavy-ion storage rings. These devices have permitted not only an extension of intercombination lifetime measurements down to singly charged ions, but they also facilitated similar measurements on electric-dipole forbidden transitions. The electr

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35

Eylon, S., and E. Henestroza. "A high charge state heavy ion beam source for heavy ion fusion." Fusion Engineering and Design 32-33 (November 1996): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(96)00499-1.

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Kawata, S., K. Miyazawa, A. I. Ogoyski, T. Someya, and T. Kikuchi. "Robust heavy-ion-beam illumination in direct-driven heavy-ion inertial fusion." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 577, no. 1-2 (2007): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.02.024.

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Fischer, Wolfram, and John M. Jowett. "Ion Colliders." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 07 (January 2014): 49–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793626814300047.

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High energy ion colliders are large research tools in nuclear physics for studying the quark–gluon–plasma (QGP). The collision energy and high luminosity are important design and operational considerations. The experiments also expect flexibility with frequent changes in the collision energy, detector fields, and ion species. Ion species range from protons, including polarized protons in RHIC, to heavy nuclei like gold, lead, and uranium. Asymmetric collision combinations (such as protons against heavy ions) are also essential. For the creation, acceleration, and storage of bright intense ion

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EFTHIMION, PHILIP C., ERIK GILSON, LARRY GRISHAM, et al. "ECR plasma source for heavy ion beam charge neutralization." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 1 (2003): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602211088.

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Highly ionized plasmas are being considered as a medium for charge neutralizing heavy ion beams in order to focus beyond the space-charge limit. Calculations suggest that plasma at a density of 1–100 times the ion beam density and at a length ∼0.1–2 m would be suitable for achieving a high level of charge neutralization. An Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) source has been built at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) to support a joint Neutralized Transport Experiment (NTX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to study ion beam neutralization with plasma. The ECR sou

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Ozawa, Kyoichiro, Kazuya Aoki, Shin-ichi Esumi, et al. "The J-PARC heavy ion project." EPJ Web of Conferences 271 (2022): 11004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202227111004.

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A project to study high-density nuclear matter using heavy ion collisions in a beam energy range of few GeV is being prepared at J-PARC. The goal of the project is to perform experiments with beam energies of 1-12 AGeV/c and the collision rate of 1011 Hz. The project is divided into two phases. For the first stage, measurements with a limited beam intensity will be performed with upgraded spectrometer of an on-going experiment. Full performance will be implemented at the second phase to study in detail the high density matter and light hypernuclei. Feasibility of measurements for both phases a

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40

Kanesue, T., E. Beebe, B. Coe, et al. "Operation experience of LION and RHIC-EBIS for RHIC and NSRL." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (2022): 012101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012101.

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Abstract LION is a laser ablation ion source to provide singly charged heavy ions of various species for RHIC-EBIS. High charge state heavy ion beams from RHIC-EBIS are used for RHIC physics experiments and NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) quasi-simultaneously. The demands for heavy ion beams are growing and more ion species are available and more NSRL beam time is used because of unique capability and flexibility of the sources. With the combination of LION and RHIC-EBIS, ion species can be switched on a pulse-by-pulse basis without the effect of previously used species. The present per

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Wieser, J., A. Ulrich, B. Busch, et al. "Heavy-ion beam-pumped lasers: Optical gain on the 476.5-nm Ar II transition." Laser and Particle Beams 11, no. 3 (1993): 529–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600005188.

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The possibility of heavy-ion beam-pumped ion lasers is demonstrated by observation of optical gain on the 476.5-nm Ar II 4p–4s ion laser transition in argon gas excited by 2.5–ns pulses of 110–MeV 32S ions with repetition rates up to 156 kHz. The particle energy per pulse was about 20 μJ. The projectiles were stopped in the target at pressures between 5 and 35 kPa. The beam from an argon ion probe laser operated at 476.5 nm was used to determine gain amplitude and time structure from a measured transient increase of the probe laser intensity when target excitation by the ion beam was present.

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VARENTSOV, D., P. SPILLER, N. A. TAHIR, et al. "Energy loss dynamics of intense heavy ion beams interacting with solid targets." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 3 (2002): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602203250.

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At the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI, Darmstadt) intense beams of energetic heavy ions have been used to generate high-energy-density (HED) state in matter by impact on solid targets. Recently, we have developed a new method by which we use the same heavy ion beam that heats the target to provide information about the physical state of the interior of the target (Varentsov et al., 2001). This is accomplished by measuring the energy loss dynamics (ELD) of the beam emerging from the back surface of the target. For this purpose, a new time-resolving energy loss spectrometer (scintill

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Yin, D. Y., J. Liu, G. D. Shen, et al. "Longitudinal Beam Dynamics for the Heavy-Ion Synchrotron Booster Ring at HIAF." Laser and Particle Beams 2021 (November 20, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665132.

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To accelerate high-intensity heavy-ion beams to high energy in the booster ring (BRing) at the High-Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) project, we take the typical reference particle 238U35+, which can be accelerated from an injection energy of 17 MeV/u to the maximal extraction energy of 830 MeV/u, as an example to study the basic processes of longitudinal beam dynamics, including beam capture, acceleration, and bunch merging. The voltage amplitude, the synchronous phase, and the frequency program of the RF system during the operational cycle were given, and the beam properties s

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Shaharuddin, S., J. Stuchbery, E. C. Simpson, et al. "External beam for the Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility." EPJ Web of Conferences 232 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023201005.

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Radiotherapy using protons and heavier ions is emerging as an alternative to traditional photon radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Ions have a depth-dose profile that results in high energy deposition at the end of the particle’s path, with a relatively low dosage elsewhere. However, the specifics of ion interactions with cellular biology are not yet fully understood. To study the induced biological effects of the ions on cell cultures, an external beam is required as biological specimens cannot be placed in vacuum. The Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) at the Australian National Universit

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Tauschwitz, A., E. Boggasch, D. H. H. Hoffmann, et al. "Heavy-ion beam focusing with a wall-stabilized plasma lens." Laser and Particle Beams 13, no. 2 (1995): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009344.

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Focusing of heavy-ion beams is an important issue for ion beam-driven inertial confinement fusion. For the experimental program to investigate matter at high energy densities at GSI, the application of a plasma lens has attractive features compared to standard quadrupole lenses. A plasma lens using a wall-stabilized discharge has been systematically investigated and optimized for this purpose. Different lenses were tested in several runs at the GSI linear accelerator UNILAC and at the SIS-synchrotron. A remarkably high accuracy and reproducibility of the focusing were found. The focal spot siz

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Basko, M. M. "Preheating of heavy-ion-beam targets by secondary particles." Laser and Particle Beams 10, no. 1 (1992): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004316.

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The contribution of different sorts of secondary particles to the preheating of thermonuclear targets driven by heavy-ion beams is analyzed. Two types of illumination geometry are considered: side-on and face-on locations of the fuel with respect to the ion beam. It is shown that a substantial preheating can be expected from (1) nuclear fission fragments for the face-on fuel position and (2) δ-electrons and low-Z nuclear fragments for the side-on fuel location. All the X-ray and gamma photons of various origin are shown to produce a negligible fuel heating.

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Funayama, Tomoo. "Heavy-Ion Microbeams for Biological Science: Development of System and Utilization for Biological Experiments in QST-Takasaki." Quantum Beam Science 3, no. 2 (2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs3020013.

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Target irradiation of biological material with a heavy-ion microbeam is a useful means to analyze the mechanisms underlying the effects of heavy-ion irradiation on cells and individuals. At QST-Takasaki, there are two heavy-ion microbeam systems, one using beam collimation and the other beam focusing. They are installed on the vertical beam lines of the azimuthally-varying-field cyclotron of the TIARA facility for analyzing heavy-ion radiation effects on biological samples. The collimating heavy-ion microbeam system is used in a wide range of biological research not only in regard to cultured

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BARNARD, J. J., L. E. AHLE, F. M. BIENIOSEK, et al. "Integrated experiments for heavy ion fusion." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 4 (2003): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034603214130.

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We describe the next set of experiments proposed in the U.S. Heavy Ion Fusion Virtual National Laboratory, the so-called Integrated Beam Experiment (IBX). The purpose of IBX is to investigate in an integrated manner the processes and manipulations necessary for a heavy ion fusion induction accelerator. The IBX experiment will demonstrate injection, acceleration, compression, bending, and final focus of a heavy ion beam at significant line charge density. Preliminary conceptual designs are presented and issues and trade-offs are discussed. Plans are also described for the step after IBX, the In

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Mark, James W. K. "Recent Livermore research on ion beam fusion targets: Utilization of direct-drive efficiency during optimization of symmetry and utilization of polarized DT fuel." Laser and Particle Beams 9, no. 3 (1991): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003724.

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We investigated several examples of ion beam targets that utilize the energy efficiency of direct drive while optimizing on the symmetry requirements. Heavy-ion beams of charge state Z ≥ 3 at 5–10 GeV have ≲15–20 m bending radii with 3.5-T fields. Beams like these could be used with targets involving direct drive. Control of asymmetries in direct-drive ion beam targets depends on control of the effects of residual target asymmetries after an appropriate illumination scheme has been adopted. In this paper, we outline results of our investigations into ion beam target concepts in which the effec

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Okamura, M. "Laser ion source for high brightness heavy ion beam." Journal of Instrumentation 11, no. 09 (2016): C09004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/09/c09004.

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