Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Inégalités sociales de santé – France”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Inégalités sociales de santé – France”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Jusot, Florence. "Revenu et mortalité : analyse économique des inégalités sociales de santé en France". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0114.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis proposes an empirical analysis of the impact of income and income inequalities on mortality in France. In order to introduce income in the fields of mortality analysis in France, this analysis is based on a case-control study constructed with two fiscal databases, the Wealth at Death Survey" and the "Taxable Income Survey". The determinants of the probability of dying in 1988 to the characteristics of people surviving in 1990. A first analysis, based on age at death distribution, shows that the survival function increases with income. The results of the case-control study show a continous impact of income on mortality, controlled for occupation. The results suggest a specific risk related to poverty and a strong protective effect of higher incomes. A multilevel analysis shows that the intra-regional level of household income inequality is positively correlated to the probability of dying, after control for regional health care supply. This thesis suggests that both individual socioeconomic status and socioeconomic environment are essential determinants of mortality in France
Saib, Mahdi-Salim. "Construction d'une méthode de caractérisation des inégalités territoriales, environnementales et sociales de santé". Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0003/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this thesis is to explore spatial indicator crossing-analysis techniques in order to characterize the accumulation and the interrelations of the territorial, environmental and social health (TESHI).This analysis implies to set up integrated approaches based on data representativeness, techniques adapted to specificities of aggregated data, and relevant modeling of the characterized phenomena. A specific aspect of this work is the development of a tool allowing the integration of spatial phenomena at different levels (local, regional and loco-regional). In this project, a pilot study is presented on the Picardy region. The tool has been tested for the analysis of TESHI, thus validating the methodology feasibility and the adaptation of approaches implemented while providing additional keys of interpretation to the relative limits of direct appropriation of the results by the managers
Saint-Pol, Thibaut de. "Corpulence et genre en Europe : le poids des inégalités d'apparence et de santé". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis sociology thesis apprehends the body through weight, and more precisely, through the body mass index (BMI), which allows to appreciate the complexity of the connection between the weight of individuals and the social characteristics which distinguish them. The study of weight and body shape, which are socially determined, is a way of shedding light on the stakes that the body incarnates and conceals. This is done by making use of data from nine major quantitative surveys. This research shows the importance of gender in the apprehension of weight differences. Differences between social classes are stronger for women. The relation of women to their bodies and to thinness is more constrained than that of men, body shape reflecting mainly beauty for women and force for men. For the latter, under-weight, devalued, plays a symmetrical role to overweight for women. The study of the French situation within a European framework shows its singularity. The increasing prevalence of obesity is associated with an increase in social inequalities which particularly affects women. Besides, the link between obesity and poverty, in France, is stronger among them. But whatever their sex, obese people suffer from the consequences of their weight both in terms of health, work integration and self-perception. Women are more sensitive to the aesthetic dimension and men to the medical dimension, but these two aspects mix. Health inequalities are associated with inequalities in appearance and are both produced by and producing economic and social inequalities
Cousteaux, Anne-Sophie. "Le masculin et le féminin au prisme de la santé et de ses inégalités sociales". Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de paris - Sciences Po, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661611.
Pełny tekst źródłaLegleye, Stéphane. "Inégalités de genre et inégalités sociales dans les usages de drogues en France". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716697.
Pełny tekst źródłaDray-Spira, Rosemary. "Etudes des inégalités sociales de santé dans le contexte de la maladie VIH chronique en France". Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA11T073.
Pełny tekst źródłaHeritage, Zoë. "La contribution des liens sociaux aux inégalités de santé en France". Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100181/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHealth inequalities, linked to differences in income or other social status indicators have been identified in France as has occurred for most developed countries. Generally a health gradient is observed. Close social relationships have been associated with good health both at individual and area levels.Investigations using a cross-sectional general population survey complimented by an ecological study at the French departmental level found evidence of social health inequalities. Less than good self-rated health was more likely to be reported people in the lower income, education and professional groups compared to those higher up the social gradient. Departmental mortality was associated to the proportion of manual workers living in the department. People with less social ties reported poorer health after adjusting for age and socioeconomic status. This effect appeared to be slightly more important for men. There was some evidence that social ties may be more important for the health of people on a low income compared to their wealthier counterparts
Schlegel, Vincent. "La fabrique sociale du patient autonome : développer et mettre en oeuvre l'éducation du patient diabétique en France". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0122.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor more than ten years, therapeutic patient education programs have been rationally organizing the acquisition of skills and knowledge by people with a chronic disease, with autonomy being described as the goal of this process. Focusing on educational programs dedicated to people with diabetes, this thesis aims to understand what the medical institution does when it seeks to produce an "autonomous patient" and how it proceeds to do so. The research is based on different kind of materials: a corpus of written sources (diabetes textbooks, books and articles on patient education, dedicated journals), data from observations conducted during three therapeutic education programs for people with diabetes between December 2017 and May 2019 and lastly interviews (73 overall) with pioneers in patient education, professionals in charge of conducting the programs, and patients who participated in them. The thesis first uncovers the historical conditions that enabled the medical institution to invest in patient education. In spite of its recognition as "programs" and growing support from public authorities, all studied programs show signs of weakness that complicate their daily implementation. Nonetheless, they are contributing to a new way of governing patients’ conducts that is based on pedagogy rather than coercion. Whether or not based on hospitalization, educational programs adopt a school-based mode of socialization, breaking with the simple transmission of information within the doctor-patient relationship. By learning to consider long-term complications of diabetes as predictable and avoidable events, people with diabetes are encouraged to manage their disease by adjusting their daily behavior in a preventive perspective, which presupposes some learning beforehand. However, such a perspective is based on a socially situated relationship to health. The thesis thus sheds light on the influence of educational programs on social health inequalities, particularly significant in the case of diabetes. Working class patients have to make the greatest efforts to comply with medical recommendations made during programs, while they are also the least likely to benefit from the learning process, due to their lower exposure to the school form. Self-management of the disease then appears to be not only the product of institutional socialization, but also an ideal that is more easily achievable for patients who possess enough cultural, social and economic resources
Dourgnon, Paul. "Evaluation des politiques publiques et inégalités sociales d'accès aux services de santé". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00912417.
Pełny tekst źródłaTubeuf, Sandy. "Une contribution à l'étude des inégalités de santé en France à travers des indicateurs de santé auto-évalués". Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288887.
Pełny tekst źródłaUn premier chapitre considère les indicateurs de santé couramment utilisés dans les travaux empiriques et revient sur le débat de l'utilisation de la santé auto-évaluée. Il souligne la pertinence des raffinements méthodologiques de la mesure de la santé proposés dans la littérature internationale jusqu'ici non appliqués à la France.
Un second chapitre propose une méthodologie originale de mesure de la santé. La construction s'appuie sur une donnée d'état de santé individuel jugée moins subjective, à savoir le nombre de maladies et leur degré de sévérité et considère des variables collectées classiquement dans les enquêtes sur la santé.
Un troisième chapitre décrit les outils de la dominance stochastique et les indices couramment utilisés dans l'analyse des inégalités dans un cadre appliqué à la santé.
Le quatrième chapitre procède à l'analyse des inégalités sociales de santé en France en 2004, puis au cours de la période 1998-2004. Il met en évidence des inégalités sociales de santé en faveur des groupes sociaux les plus élevés. Ces inégalités ont cependant diminué entre 1998 et 2004, du fait d'une plus faible élasticité de la santé avec le revenu et d'une diminution de l'inégale répartition du revenu au sein des groupes sociaux. De plus, l'analyse menée sur différentes mesures de santé met en évidence une influence sur l'amplitude des inégalités, du nombre de catégories de la variable discrète de santé et de la distribution de santé choisie pour la cardinaliser.
Le cinquième chapitre s'intéresse à l'influence sur l'état de santé à l'âge adulte, du milieu social d'origine et de la longévité relative des parents par rapport à leur cohorte de naissance en empruntant trois approches. La première approche met en évidence le fait que les distributions d'état de santé des personnes nées d'un père ou d'une mère appartenant aux catégories sociales supérieures dominent significativement celles des personnes ayant des parents issus de catégories sociales inférieures. L'approche paramétrique confirme un effet de la profession de chacun des parents sur l'état de santé à l'âge adulte. Elle montre, de plus, que l'état de santé dépend significativement de la longévité de chacun des parents. Enfin, l'approche par indices de concentration met en évidence une inégalité des chances de santé en faveur des individus dont les parents ont connu une forte longévité puis une inégalité de santé en faveur des individus issus de milieux plus favorisés. Le chapitre conclut alors qu'il existe des inégalités des chances en santé, en France..
Cambois, Emmanuelle. "Calcul d'espérances de vie sans incapacité selon le statut social dans la population masculine française, 1980-1991 : un indicateur de l'évolution des inégalités sociales de santé". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0003.
Pełny tekst źródłaLoretti, Aurore. "Les inégalités sociales face au cancer dans le Nord–Pas-de-Calais : étude du processus de mise en forme des inégalités à travers une analyse comparée des trajectoires de malades atteints du cancer". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study is focused on the issue of social inequalities in cancer in the context of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region. It aims at reporting the rising inequalities through a comparative analysis of cancer trajectories, and it is based on an empirical investigation associating ethnographic observations and interviews. Such a sociologic and qualitative approach allowed us to study the social dimension of individual behaviors as well as the effects of social structures and social relationships. We tried to explain the contexts and processes involved in specific attitudes and behaviors adopted by patients and caregivers, resulting in the multiplicity of cancer trajectories. In other words, we have intended to describe logic in action and “the rooting of the attitudes into the constraints of their conditions of life” (Drulhe, 1996, p. 280). All along that study, it appeared that persons living in and experiencing different contexts do not and cannot present similar cancer trajectories. Patients do not dispose of the same action capacities to modulate their trajectories and negotiate with caregivers. This is why this thesis insists on the diversity of cancer experiences, mainly linked to the patients’ social environment ; it also integrates the analysis of other social relationships, such as gender
Bas, Anne-Charlotte. "Le marché de soins bucco-dentaires en France". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED035/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis concerns the difficulties to access dental care in the semi-regulated French market. The analysis targets the financial barrier of access to dental care and so the role and the mechanism of price setting. The first part gives the background of the French dental care delivery and shows that the profession of dental surgeons is particularly isolated in the French sanitary domain. In the second part we identify the decisive factors of the dental care access. We show that the free preventive program for the children Lov'Ur'Teeth was used only by the wealthiest and affected little the most disadvantaged households, which need it much more. The decisive impact of the social support in access to dental care is also a strong result in our second empirical study. The primary access to the dental treatment presents the main barrier of access. When people overcome this difficulty, they mostly continue the ensuing necessary treatments, that could be very expensive. Following these results, we focused in the role of the price. We showed that the more the prosthetic prices are high, the more is the renunciation for these cares. According to our works, the intensity of the competition impacts negatively the price setting, contrary to the demand's solvency. The prices between competitors are also strategic complements. That are many potential factors to be regulated to fight against the dental unmet need and the resulting social health inequalities
Castra, Laurent. "Typologie des arrêts cardiaques au regard des inégalités sociales et territoriales de santé en Ile-de-France : application au registre national des arrêts cardiaques (RéAC)". Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S025/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaCardiac arrest (CA) is considered a major public health problem. Preventing cardiac arrest and subsequent deaths and optimizing their management are objectives shared by both emergency professionals and public health policy makers. At a time when territorialization is taking into account the needs of populations, very few studies have been devoted to the variations in incidence induced by the geographical location of cardiac arrests and the socio-economic characteristics of patients. The objective of this thesis is to identify, based on data from the national register of cardiac arrests RéAC, in the three departments of the inner suburbs of Ile-de-France, clusters of municipalities with a high or low incidence of cardiac arrest, and then to characterize them based on the socio-economic factors that can be associated with them. Equipment and Methods: We studied cardiac arrest data from the three departments of Ile-de-France that make up the inner suburbs of the Paris region. We have worked on a total of 123 municipalities. Data on cardiac arrests were extracted from the French register of cardiac arrests RéAC. Socio-economic data were collected for each of these municipalities from the Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE). In terms of methods, we used a statistically twofold approach, combining Bayesian methods to study geographical variations in the incidence of cardiac arrest and CT statistics to identify clusters of communes according to the incidence level of cardiac arrest. Finally, we characterized and compared these clusters of municipalities according to socio-economic factors
Verboux, Dorian. "Variabilités des pratiques et inégalités d’accès aux soins en France : le cas de la cancérologie". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0065/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis addresses several issues: on the one hand we focus on medical practice variations; one the other hand we examine determinants of social and spatial inequalities in access to care for individuals with cancer.In recent years, high practice variations are noted by health public authorities. The first chapter wonders about the determinants of variations in the use of prostatectomy as prostate cancer management. Results indicate a strong positive influence of supply-side factors in both régions and départements.Reducing social inequalities in access to care is also achieved thanks particular scheme as the LTI system. The second chapter focuses on the determinants of health care utilization, i.e. GP and specialist physicians. For those, we differentiate between visits related (or not) to LTI conditions. Concerning GP visits, individuals with lower socio-economic status tend to have greater GP visits. Regarding specialist visits, results point out a clear influence of financial factors, especially for non LTI-related visits.Finally, since 2004 organized breast cancer screening program invites all women 50-74 to be screened. The aim of this chapter is to examine the potential influence of supplied-side factors (GP and specialist physician density) on the use of organized cancer screening in France between 2005 and 2012. Results show that a higher GP density is associated with higher screening rates. On the contrary, a higher specialist density tends to diminish the participation rate to organized screening. Results also underline the presence of a spatial effect which means that neighboring behavior in terms of cancer screening has an impact on the cancer screening rate in the observed area
Padilla, Cindy. "Inégalités sociales de santé et expositions environnementales. Une analyse spatio-temporelle du risque de mortalité infantile et néonatale dans quatre agglomérations françaises". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0192/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn France, existence of social health inequalities (SHI) has well established. Infant and neonatal mortality are recognized as indicators of the health status of a population. In spite of numerous risk factors already identified, a part of these inequalities remain unexplained, environmental nuisances are suspected. The thesis objectives were to analyze by a spatial and temporal approach, the contribution of exposure to nitrogen dioxide to social inequalities in infant and neonatal mortality in France between 2000 and 2009. We conducted an ecological type epidemiological study using the French census block as the geographical unit in the metropolitan areas of Lille, Paris, Lyon, and Marseille. All cases collected in the cities hall were geocoded using address of parent's residence. Socioeconomic data estimated from the 1999, 2006 national census were used in a composite index which encompasses multiple dimensions to analyze global deprivation. Average nitrogen dioxide concentrations were modeled by the air quality monitoring networks. Generalized additive models allowed to take into account spatial autocorrelation and generate maps using smoothing on longitude and latitude while adjusting for covariates of interest. Using an innovative approach, results highlight the existence of socio-spatial, environmental or cumulate inequalities in infant and neonatal mortality. These results are city-specific, they vary according to the period and the health event demonstrating the difficulty to generalize these observations at the national level
Kudjawu, Yao Cyril. "Délais d’accès au traitement des patients atteints de cancers en France et impact des inégalités sociales de santé : étude à partir des bases de données médico-administratives". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS023/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaBackground: timeliness of cancer treatment is an important aspect of health quality. Care centers are expected to treat a growing number of patients with cancer. Our objectives were to examine treatment times from diagnosis to first-course therapy for patients with colon (CC), rectum-anus (RC), and lung (LC) cancers and assess factors associated with time to-treatment and the impact of deprivation index.Methods: using the international classification of diseases and medical procedures codes, from national hospital discharge database which has been crossed with long term illness data and French deprivation Index information, we selected patients newly diagnosed for CC, RC or LC in 2009-2010 who had undergone treatment.Results: We included 15,694, 6,623 and 14,596 patients diagnosed and treated for CC, RC and LC respectively. Median times from endoscopy to: 1) surgery in patients with a surgical treatment pathway for CC, RC, and LC were 22 (Q25 = 14; Q75 = 34), 97 (Q25 = 34; Q75 = 141), and 44 (Q25 = 26; Q75 = 82) days, respectively; 2) to chemotherapy for patients with a non-surgical treatment pathway, for CC, RC, and LC were 36 (Q25 = 21; Q75 = 59), 40 (Q25 = 27; Q75 = 59), and 33 (Q25 = 22; Q75 = 49) days respectively; 3) to radiotherapy in RC and LC patients were 53 (Q25 = 39; Q75 = 78) and 88 (Q25 = 46; Q75 = 162) days respectively; 4) to first treatment, irrespective of pathway and treatment combination for CC, RC and LC were 23 (Q25 = 14; Q75 = 35), 43 (Q25 = 27; Q75 = 74), and 34 (Q25 = 22; Q75 = 50) days respectively.Time to first treatment vary across regions. It was longer in most northern regions and in overseas districts and shorter in Île-de-France, southern, eastern and sometimes in western regions for the three cancers. In multilevel analysis, Age and status of the first care center were significantly associated to time to first treatment in CC patients. Similar factors, including Deprivation index, were significantly associated to time to first treatment in RC and LC patients. The time to first treatment increased with age. It was higher in public hospitals compared to private hospitals and low in patients with low deprivation index compared to patients with high deprivation index. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study based on medico-administrative database describing time to first treatment after endoscopy in patients suffering from cancers in France. The results, which will complement those from cancer registry data and regional networks of cancerology, could inform decision-making policies on the implementation of guidelines on timeframes for cancer treatment access
Braud, Rosane. "Construction d'une catégorie de "migrants" dans les actions de lutte contre les inégalités face au diabète en France : analyse des configurations contemporaines des rapports sociaux inégalitaires". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC089/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research questions the emergence, the uses and the direction of the resort to a category of “migrants”, in the French politics and the actions to reduce social inequalities in front of diabetes mellitus. The sociohistory of the emergence of the question about the diabetes of the "migrants", shows how the medical literature can, by pointing different risk factors according to the social groups, participate in the construction of categories of patients. The led analysis underlines the mixture between ethnic, racial and genetically groups, at the origin of the differentialist narrative about the causes of the diabetes. This reading is today mobilized by the public authorities to organize a specific distribution of health preventive care of diabetes and its complications. In health relation, the analysis of the practices, and in particular the therapeutic patient education, underlines that differential treatments exists, but all have no expected effects. The culturalist view making behavior of patients the main cause of their health condition, can impact the medical course, and also, increase the social inequalities. Guided by the directives of public health, the analysis of the margins of action of the professionals and patients, allows to see that these politics aim less to act on the social determinants of health inequalities that to order the individuals to reach the equality by adopting the majority social groups behaviors
Ornaghi, Annalisa. "Uno studio comparato sulle disuguaglianze di salute : Italia e Francia". Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040155.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe foundations of this work of research derived by the demonstration that the health is conditioning of a multiplicity by factors, the control of which is not exercised by the only health care system.Health inequalities, representing one of the most unjust and severe inequitable forms because health is one of the pre-conditions in order to live out fully individual life. Health inequality constitutes one of the worst scandals of our time, especially in developed and democratic countries.The theme of health inequalities is a subject beloved to the sociology, because their analysis allows, either to observe the social dynamics, either to understand as the social differences are distributed between the individuals within the society, especially with the current global economic crisis.The main objective of this study is, using comparative analysis, identify and distinguish the inequalities in health in the relationship between social conditions, risk factors, territorial context and state of health of the population, in two European countries (France and Italy), in order to understand their dynamics and as the territorial context affects the inequalities of health of individuals. Through a transnational approach this research project identifies differences and similarities between the two case studies.The results from our analysis, demonstrate the existence of "unexpected" similarities between groups of French and Italian people, despite different characteristics of social welfare and health systems
Berchet, Caroline. "Santé, recours aux soins et capital social : une analyse micro-économétrique des inégalités liées à l'immigration". Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090050.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this research is the study of health and health care use inequalities between immigrant and native populations. A special attention is focused on the role played by social capital, which supposes an influence of social networks or social interactions on health and health care utilisation. In using a micro-econometric framework, our analysis is based on three topics: (i) the emphasis of health or health care use inequalities related to immigration, (ii) the understanding of the contributory factors that generate inequalities, and (iii) the evaluation of the causal impact of social capital on immigrant health and health care use. From a public policy perspective, the analysis of the determinants of health inequalities shows that several types of action could be envisaged. Given the protective role played by social capital on health status, the development of specific neighbourhood actions would seem relevant in improving immigrants’ social inclusion and social support. The prominent role of complementary health care coverage also gives evidence of the need to simplify access to Sate Medical Assistance and mean-tested health insurance so as to favour health prevention and access to health care for immigrants
Cintract, Aurélien. "L'inégalité devant la mort : Approche socio-anthropologique de la mortalité différentielle en France". Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1004/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIf we look through sociology, anthropology, demography and history, one may notice that death, being abiological phenomenon, a natural fact, is also a cultural fact in front of which men are not equal. For, despitethe progress made throughout history regarding life expectancy, death does not strike everyone the same way.After having thoroughly analysed mortality statistics according to different variables (gender, employment,education, marriage settlement, housing), we insist on living conditions-mainly on working conditions-whichmay have consequences on a person's physical and psychological state. We show how way of life, housing, theenvironment or even affiliations can affect life expectancy. Disadvantaged backgrounds, made vulnerablebecause of their living conditions, since they cannot avoid some factors of risk, are even more subject to causesthat may lead to a pathology, sooner or later. In that respect, we can talk about a social inequality againstmorbidity, that is to say an inequality against all the various factors which may lead to disease, then to death.Thanks to our research, we learn that unequal death is a result of unequal social conditions. Mortality statisticsdepict the sum of the inequalities, lived and integrated. Eventually, the highest death rates of the dominatedclasses could be read as a product of domination. Indeed, the socio-anthropological approach tries to make alink between a social issue, emphasizing on phenomena of domination through social relationships, andbiological effectors of behaviours, giving an overall vision, in a proper anthropological way of the phenomenonstudied. Finally, death is culturally established
Vieira, Gildas. "La promotion de la santé pour les populations d'Afrique subsaharienne en France". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2034/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe wanted to accompany sub-Saharan African population in France, on a community health approach, to act on health inequalities. This work allows to measure the effects and consequences of health behavior promotion from an inter-cultural relations angle. This approach is based on an exploratory methodology made up of both psychological research tools, protocols for intervention in public health with the psycho-social problematic of inter-culturality. Behavioral changes in favor of health promotion actions are significantly related to this approach, which will combine group focus and the application of planned behavior theory (PBT). Such an approach allows a reflection on the social inequalities in health of the migrant communities, and the accompaniment towards care, favouring relations between inhabitants and health professionals on an intercultural approach. The objectives of the study were (i) to better understand the intention of African migrants to adopt a personal approach to community health problems and (ii) to assess the influence of developing members’ awareness and skills of the community on their health promotion behavior
Letoux, Charlène. "Trajectoires d’adolescents en obésité dans le Nord et Pas-De-Calais comme reflets du processus des inégalités et de la stigmatisation". Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUA005.
Pełny tekst źródłaOur study reports on how inequality and stigmatization may be visible, constructed and intertwined throughout the trajectory of obese adolescents enrolled in a therapeutic patient education program (TPE). We are helping to provide a new perspective on the issue of implementation and reception of medical norms transmitted during TPE programs by adopting an analysis in terms of disease "trajectories" to analyze different points of view: professionals, adolescents and parents. The study of social interactions involved in social relations, especially class and gender, is honored and allows us to focus on the social dimension of behaviors. We question the differences between the expected or prescribed roles and the roles actually adopted, the strategies of negotiation or resistance between the actors in order to bring out the normative expectations that affect the patients to the point of sometimes revealing a symbolic violence. We also adopt a sociohistorical approach with the aim of retracing the path of norms, by proposing an extension of the notion of "trajectory of illness" by that of "collective trajectory" (Carricaburu, 1999). We include in this research the study of obesity shaping historically conducted by medicine and public health policies that constitute the management conditions, common to the different actors and influencing interactions on the medical scene. Based on the Fat studies perspective, this work made it possible to understand corpulence as a new variable allowing an innovative sociological analysis of discourses, practices and social organization. This work is based on a mixed and multi-site qualitative survey: an analysis of corpus of medical and public health discourse, 38 semi-directive interviews with professionals specialized in the therapeutic education of adolescent obesity (endocrinologist, nutritionist, nurse, sports medicine educator, psychologist, etc.), 21 biographical interviews with adolescents and parents, as well as about 100 observations within FTE programs (specialized centers, hospital centers and health networks)
Merson, Frédéric. "Des insertions sociales au sevrage tabagique, une approche temporelle de l'édification comportementale". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2035/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaRecent international works deal with the hypothesis of a mediation effect of time perspective in the link between social insertions and health behaviours, making it a key factor in the analysis and prevention of social inequalities in health.Smoking cessation, as a model of addiction, constitutes an exemplary situation to analyze the impediments in health behaviours implementation in socially deprived populations. Stopping tobacco, as well as other behaviours of reduction and/or cessation of addictive substances cannot operate without time management and the temporality of cessation, but this management is deeply impacted by one’s relationship with time. This crossing of times is considered in this research as a determinant in the possibilities to edify or maintain behavioural and cognitive changes needed by the cessation.The aim of this research is to introduce recent advances of time in social psychology in the field of smoking cessation and more precisely in socially deprived populations. It more generally attempts to understand and modelize how, and to what extent, precariousness and time perspective may influence the results of smoking cessation. The final goal is to develop the integration of temporal dimensions in the study of smoking cessation mechanisms, and to increase the knowledge about psychosocial determinants of success in order to optimize the care of socially deprived populations
Cintract, Aurelien. "L'inégalité devant la mort : Approche socio-anthropologique de la mortalité différentielle en France". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942716.
Pełny tekst źródłaKananovich, Katsiaryna. "Comparaison internationale des systèmes de santé de onze pays : Allemagne, Biélorussie, Canada, Cuba, Danemark, EtatsUnis, France, Norvège, Royaume-Uni, Russie, Suède". Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021HESAC002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation proposes a vision on the comparative analysis of health care systems and the transmission of knowledge through the exchange of organisational practices. The dissertation focuses on the analysis of the components of health care systems, the interaction between these different elements and the external environment to study the advantages and disadvantages of each organisational model. The dissertation involves the analysis and synthesis of information from 4 foreign languages
Rode, Antoine. "Le "non-recours" aux soins des populations précaires : constructions et réceptions des normes". Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00488403.
Pełny tekst źródłaGermany, Laurence. "La grande prématurité en France métropolitaine et aux Antilles françaises : impact de la vulnérabilité sociale et économique". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30266/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a context of socio-economic inequalities supported in the risk of premature birth, stillbirth or neonatal death, our aim was to determine how this socio-economic vulnerability impacted on the short term outcome of preterm born infants , to study whether the improvement in survival rate and survival without severe morbidity observed over the last two decades in very premature infants was similar whatever the family socio-economic context and to describe the context of preterm birth in 2011 in the Département d'Outer-Mer (D.O.M) where perinatal health is less favorable than in other jurisdictions. From the EPIPAGE cohorts we showed that although a high level of vulnerability is associated with an increased risk of severe morbidity in survivor infants, it is in this group that improvement of the quality of survival over time is the greatest
Faure, Emmanuelle. "Entre effets de genre et effets de lieux : géographies du dépistage du cancer colorectal à Boulogne-Billancourt et Gennevilliers (92)". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100164/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaTo which extent does the concept of gender can be a strategic concept to understand links between health and territorial dynamics? The following study aims to investigate this topic by analyzing the attendance at colorectal cancer screening sessions and its promotion in the Hauts-de-Seine (Paris region). We draw a comparison between the towns of Boulogne-Billancourt and Gennevilliers, and two of their popular districts, based on quantitative (attendance rates to screening sessions) and qualitative data (observations, semi-directive interviews). Among the findings, it appears that spatial and gendered disparities regarding colorectal cancer screening vary depending on the places studied and do not reflect the unequal distribution of social classes. The analysis of health-seeking behaviors to a general practitioner – a key actor of this screening program – highlights spatial representations and practices which are specific to the contexts in Boulogne-Billancourt and in Gennevilliers, as well as to women and men. The study of the promotion of colorectal cancer screening also enables us to better understand the ways these towns and districts are developed and organized (type and network of political, professional and associative stakeholders). In addition, the study stresses on the necessity to take gender into account when it comes to the analysis of local implementations of a national public health policy. Lastly, professional backgrounds, dominant social norms and spatial dynamics are an integral part of general practitioner’s representations and practices
Zidi, Najoua. "Études économiques sur les inégalités sociales de santé". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080053.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation addresses social inequalities in health by attempting to identify the main determinants of social inequalities in health. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of health systems and their reforms on social inequality in health, with an emphasis on a deeper understanding of the ways and mechanisms by which socio-economic factors reduce or increase health inequalities. The aim is to understand social inequalities in health and identify their main determinants, whether in Tunisia or by comparing Tunisia with other countries.Based on a review of the literature on the determinants of social inequalities in health, we propose a conceptual analysis of the links between health and socio-economic status, including the income of individuals and countries by studying the impact of the latter on the health status of a population. It is thus proposed to explore the relationship between income inequality, social inequality and disparities in health status in the context of the emergence of social inequalities in health (SSI). According to the definitions of social determinants, health inequality must be considered from a perspective of systematic analysis referring to the most explicitly cited and proven socio-economic theories in the health economics literature. A conceptual framework on methods for measuring social inequalities in health was proposed to discuss approaches to decomposing inequalities in health care consumption, in particular with the concentration index as a measure that has so far been little explored. This made it possible to assess health inequalities, make a judgment on the inequity of health care distribution, and highlight the relevance of this measure in this area.Among the aspects of health inequality, several determinants support disparities in the demand for health services that are linked to both economic situations and health systems. Many theoretical approaches argue that inequality in access to care is linked to the characteristics and norms of health systems that lead to conditions of inequity in financial access to care and the use of the resources and services of these systems. This has been a motivation for successive and ongoing reforms in several countries around the world in the areas of health financing and health insurance. These reforms have also sought to improve the performance of health systems. Thus, in this thesis, we have tried to measure the levels of efficiency and equity in the Tunisian health system, by studying the factors that cause health inequalities in Tunisia and the reform of health insurance as well as the determinants of its development as a means of financing health care. We then presented an evaluation of the reform of the Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie (CNAM) in 2007, examined its impact on access to healthcare and analysed their motivations and consequences. A conceptual framework for health system performance evaluation is presented to discuss methods for measuring and estimating the level of technical and economic efficiency, including the DEA method
Etienne, Jean-Michel. "Les inégalités sociales de santé : implications de politique économique". Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020005.
Pełny tekst źródłaDe, Spiegelaere Myriam. "Prévention et inégalités sociales de santé chez l'enfant et l'adolescent". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211965.
Pełny tekst źródłaJeanjean, Maxime. "Pollution atmosphérique et déclenchement de poussées de sclérose en plaques, investigation au niveau individuel". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B003.
Pełny tekst źródłaMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Causes are multifactorial enrolling both genetic predisposition and influence of environmental factors. In 85% of cases, patients experience relapse corresponding to the occurrence of neurologic signs, followed by a phase of partial or total remission. Several studies put forth the hypothesis that relapses rate varies across season, mainly occurring during spring and summer. This temporal fluctuation raised the question of season-dependent parameters influence such as sunlight exposure and vitamin D, melatonin level or ambient air pollution. Considering this variation of air pollution, we explored the short-term impact of fine particles (PM10), benzene (C6H6), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and ground-level ozone (O3), on the risk of relapse triggering, separately for "cold" (i.e., October-March) and "hot" (April-September) season. This work has drawn from data of patients provided by the alSacEP network. We included 424 patients affected with remitting MS onset who experienced 1,783 relapses over the 2000-2009 period. Daily level of air pollution was modeled through ADMS-Urban software at the census block scale of the Strasbourg metropolitan area (AASQA ATMO Grand Est). Furthermore, an individual survey was conducted among all the patients (PT) in order to collect individual socioeconomic (SES) and lifestyle features. Finally, the census block SES position was estimated using a composite deprivation index - created from the INSEE census data. A short-term (3 days preceding the relapse) seasonal adverse effect was observed in PT, in particular during exposure to O3 in "hot" season and PM10 and NO2 in "cold" season. Results also suggest that the SES context might exacerbate these associations, in particular among patients who were living in deprived neighborhood with exposure to PM10, NO2, C6H6 and CO ("cold) and those who were living in most well-of and deprived places with exposure to O3 ("hot"). Finally, we observed among Ps that low education level, average family income, smoking and lack of physical activity are more associated with the risk of relapse triggering when patients were exposed to air pollution. This work shows the need to investigate environmental exposure such as air pollution along the SEP course using a holistic approach integrating individual and contextual factors
Lavaine, Emmanuelle. "Les Inégalités sociales de santé liées aux effets de la pollution sur la santé". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010047/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaMany pollutants are declining throughout the industrialized world. However, exposure to air pollution, even at the levels commonly achieved nowadays in European countries, still leads to adverse health effects. In this context, there has been increasing global concern over the public health impacts attributed to environmental pollution. The thesis aims to examine health impacts linked to environmental pollution by sheding light on their macroeconomic consequences. The first objective of the thesis is to explore empirically the relations between socio-economic status, environmental exposures and health outcomes. Through econometric analysis, we study the total mortality rate in relation to socioeconomic status and air pollution for the French department, and the effect of energy production on new born health using a recent strike that affected oil refineries in France as a natural experiment. Finally, the last part of the thesis tries to draw inferences about individuals' valuations of risk by combining estimates of the effect of air pollution on bath property values and hospital respiratory admissions for respiratory causes
Fianu, Adrian. "Effet à long terme et transférabilité d'un programme de prévention primaire du diabète de type 2 dans les quartiers vulnérables à la Réunion". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30115.
Pełny tekst źródłaType 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent in the French overseas territories than it is in mainland France. This observation is even more valid with respect to the disadvantaged neighbourhoods of overseas territories. Indeed, the population in these neighbourhoods is exposed to social determinants that favour the onset of T2D, including lower access to health care. In this context, we put forward the hypothesis that improvements in behaviour for risk factor reduction according to a primary prevention approach within a vulnerable neighbourhood constitute an appropriate strategy for ameliorating the health of the local population. In order to test this hypothesis, we evaluated the long-term effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention conducted in 2001-2003 and aimed at reducing the risk of T2D through weight loss in 445 high-risk non-diabetic overweight or obese subjects aged 18-40 years and living in two disadvantaged neighbourhoods of Reunion Island. Nine years after the inclusion in the intervention control trial, the follow-up of participants revealed a reduction in adiposity levels in the intervention group compared with the control group. This suggests that the initiation of changes in diet and physical activity combined with community health practices and improving prevention access within district present long-term health benefits in a context where "obesogenic" environmental and living conditions prevail. Following this epidemiological study focused on the validation of a primary preventive model for the vulnerable populations of Reunion Island, we examined the transferability of this type of intervention. Public health interventions constitute "black boxes" that are difficult to describe, evaluate and transfer. An intervention cannot be transferred as a whole to a new implementation context, as this could lead to a lack of reproducibility that would be impossible to explain. In this perspective, it seems useful to separate the intervention's "standardisable by function" and potentially transferable theoretical processes (the key functions) from the concrete and context-dependent activities implemented in the field, as well as to identify the significant contextual elements that may alter the intervention. The construction of the key functions/implementation/context model (FIC) and the clarification of the causality model of the prevention program - based on a retrospective collaborative approach that involved a project leader, field worker and researchers from several disciplines - enabled us to better describe the studied intervention, to analyse its transferability, and to discuss its evaluation. This lifestyle intervention was composed of thirteen key functions distributed into three action strategies aimed at reducing social inequalities (strengthening individuals, strengthening communities, improving living conditions) and six specific underlying goals. The causality model included individual, meso-social and environmental health determinants. In 2004, the program was transferred to another vulnerable neighbourhood of Reunion Island. The analysis of the program transfer shows that some of the key functions, modalities of implementation and contextual elements were potentially involved in the transferability of this intervention. A wider range of result indicators, data analyses, and population research methods may be needed to improve the evaluation of the intervention's impact in the neighbourhood's social network
Labar, Kelly. "Inégalités sociales en Chine : quelle réalité ?" Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00272994.
Pełny tekst źródłaManneville, Florian. "Comportement alimentaire, activité physique, sédentarité et inégalités sociales de santé à l’adolescence". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0128.
Pełny tekst źródłaBackground: During adolescence, the higher the socio-economic status (SES), the better the health status is and reflects the existence of social inequalities in health. These inequalities could be explained by the unequal distribution of lifestyles such as physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and dietary behaviour (DB) according to adolescents’ SES. The associations between lifestyles and social inequalities in health are unclear among adolescents. Objectives: This thesis aimed to analyze the associations between lifestyles and social inequalities in health during adolescence through three objectives: 1) to describe lifestyles and their distribution according to adolescents’ SES, 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of a public health intervention on the reduction of social inequalities in health among adolescents, and 3) to measure and quantify the mediating effects of lifestyles on social inequalities in health among adolescents. Methods: To address these objectives, data from two trials aimed at preventing overweight and obesity among adolescents were used: PRALIMAP (PRomotion de l’ALImentation et de l’Activité Physique) and PRALIMAP-INES (PRALIMAP-INEgalités de Santé). PA, SB were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and DB using a food frequency questionnaire. SES was defined using the Social Position Index of Students and the Family Affluence Scale. Statistical analyses included linear, mixed and logistic regression models and an analysis of latent transitions. Results: Low SES adolescents had lower levels of PA and less adapted DB than high SES ones. Overall, DB was not associated with adolescents’ SES. Social inequalities in weight and quality of life were highlighted. There was no evidence that a universal intervention could reduce social inequalities in weight. Mediating effects of behaviours in the association between SES and health status were suggested. Conclusions: These results underline the importance of taking SES into account in order to reduce social inequalities in health among adolescents. Behaviours appear to be important levers to reduce social inequalities in health
Driollet, Bénédicte. "Inégalités sociales de santé dans la maladie rénale chronique chez les jeunes". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0166.
Pełny tekst źródłaChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a structural damage to the kidneys that leads to a progressive and abnormal reduction of kidney function. These functions of blood purification, regulation and secretion of hormones are vital and their degradation can be fatal. This disease inevitably worsens through five stages of CKD and is irreversible. Once stage 5 or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is reached, it is necessary to implement a kidney replacement therapy: dialysis or transplantation of a kidney graft. While CKD at different stages could affect 5 to 10% of the French adult population, and include nearly 90,000 patients treated for ESKD in 2018, the disease is rare in the pediatric population, with approximately 930 children treated for ESKD in 2018. However, its consequences can be major since it impacts the physical and psychosocial development of children (growth delay, undernutrition, cognitive problems, social adjustment, etc.). Thus, the objectives of caregivers, healthcare professionals and researchers are to slow the progression of the disease towards ESKD, and once reached, to optimize kidney replacement therapy to ensure the best possible care and a better quality of life for patients. In this context, the study of social inequalities in health may be relevant to help develop targeted interventions to each population. However, in children, the link between social factors such as income, level of education, or family context and CKD has been little investigated. To our knowledge, no study has been carried out in Europe on the impact of social deprivation on the care pathway, modalities and outcomes of kidney care at different stages of the pediatric CKD. However, in Europe, and in France in particular, the healthcare system in place, as well as the social assistance offered, is not the same as in the USA or in countries with limited resources, where associations have been identified. It is therefore important to evaluate whether the results observed in these countries are reproducible and applicable in France in order to adapt kidney care of children and adolescents. The objective of this thesis is therefore to study social inequalities in the pediatric CKD population and more specifically to evaluate the association between deprivation and the outcomes of the ESKD in children and adolescents. To meet this objective, we used data from patients aged less than 20 years who initiated kidney replacement therapy between 2002 and 2015, from the national registry REIN that collects information from all patients treated by dialysis or kidney transplantation. In the absence of individual factors, social deprivation was estimated using an ecological indicator applied to the children's home address, the European Deprivation Index, a continuous score that can be categorized into five quintiles: quintile 1 corresponding to the least deprived geographical areas and quintile 5 to the most deprived areas of the country. We thus studied the association between EDI and 1) the incidence of pediatric treated ESKD in France, 2) practice patterns and clinical conditions at dialysis initiation, and 3) graft and patient survival in young kidney transplant recipients. The main results of this thesis are that in patients from the most deprived areas, the incidence of treated ESKD was higher, kidney replacement therapy was initiated later, was more frequently started in emergency and by hemodialysis, and that kidney transplant failure was more likely. Our data suggests that studying different outcomes of ESKD is important to subsequently propose targeted management for this population
Devaux, Marion. "Inégalités sociales des comportements de santé : l'herbe est-elle plus verte ailleurs ?" Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090041/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis deals with social inequalities in health-Related behaviours such as lifestyle risk factors for health (precisely, obesity and alcohol consumption) and the utilisation of health care services, in a number of OECD countries. This work relies on an applied micro-Economics approach, using several national health survey data. This thesis aims to (a) compare social inequalities in health-Related behaviours across countries with different settings; (b) shed light on the understanding of social disparities in health-Related behaviours; and (c) examine how self-Reporting may affect the rating of behavioural risk-Factors, and therefore affect the measurement of social inequalities
Charreire, Hélène. "Santé périnatale et territoire urbain : Analyse géographique des inégalités sociales de santé en Seine-Saint-Denis". Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA11T077.
Pełny tekst źródłaPierron, Annabelle. "Promotion de la santé des mères et des nouveau-nés : réduire les inégalités sociales de santé". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0259_PIERRON.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntroduction. It has been shown that the beginning of life is the key period in the genesis of social inequalities in health: support for parenthood is one of the major levers for limiting or even reducing these inequalities. The objective of this dissertation is to develop a conceptual framework establishing the conditions for the success of interventions, policies and organizations to support parenthood in order to limit social inequalities in health for mothers and children in the perinatal period. Methods. The research has two components: a systematic literature review and a realistic evaluation. -Systematic review: this was a systematic review of reviews published between 2009 and 2016 in English or French. 21 reviews meeting the AMSTAR criteria were selected. They were analysed with regard to their consideration of social inequalities in health, according to PRISMA-equity. - Realistic evaluation: The process consisted of three steps: 1) development of a first theory based on the results of the review. 2)multiple case study. Two cases were investigated: the border territories of the steel industry of Longwy in Lorraine and Esch-sur-Alzette in Luxembourg. They were selected for their geographical proximity and the particularly vulnerable and unequal nature of the populations living there. The data collected came from several sources, including a documentary corpus, questionnaires and interviews. The analysis focused on the consideration of social inequalities in health in practices. 3) a synthesis explaining how interventions work based on the mechanisms at play in their real context. Results. The synthesis of the reviews clearly revealed the limitations of current knowledge on health equity in the area of parental support. Parenting education programs, most often offered only to mothers and especially to the most disadvantaged, rarely take into account social gradients in health. In addition, the publications come mainly from Anglo-Saxon cultures; there is little data on the subject in the context of European policies. The case study made it possible to provide in-depth details of the intervention levers, contexts and elements of mechanisms from the point of view of the various stakeholders. The synthesis made it possible to propose a medium-level theory explaining that the mechanisms of proportionate universalism, coordination of actors and consideration of parental needs are effective in fighting social inequalities in health when the levers for action are macro-social. Conclusion. Based on two complementary methods of investigation, this work has made it possible to build a theory that constitutes avenues for research and action
Morel, Sylvie. "L'urgence à plusieurs « vitesses » : fracture territoriale et inégalité sociale dans l'accès aux soins d'urgence". Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3036.
Pełny tekst źródłaBefore his election in 2012, President François Holland promised to "garantee that each french person could access emergency care in less than 30 minutes". By focusing on temporality, this formula overlooks the nature and treatment of the emergency. Proposals from hospitals and the medical world in response to this programme appear especially simplistic in light of the results of the sociological investigation presented here. Eschewing political discourses underlining the excellence of teh supposed "best emergency system in the world", this research shows that the concept of medicalization dear to the french model not only fails when put into practice, but prevents any alternative (paramedical)approaches to the problem. Lastly, this sociological analysis reveals that even if selection practices theretically unthinkable when it comes to emergencies, medical interests and the interests of healthcare establishments lead to social inequalties in access to emergencies, medical interests and the interests of healthcare establisments lead to social inequaliites in access to emergency care. After 10 years of research, a sociological panorama of responses to emeergencies asks if the french emergency system is not ailing because of its doctors
Trepied, Valentine. "Devenir dépendant : approche sociologique du grand âge en institution". Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0045.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrimaud, Olivier. "Inégalités sociales face au risque d'accident vasculaire cérébral en France". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066399.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe level of scientific attention received by stroke is low given the high burden this disease exerts on society. In this research we study the epidemiology of stroke in France, and more specifically its distribution across socioeconomic groups. From the ecological analysis of the Dijon stroke registry, we identified a gradient of increasing stroke incidence as neighborhood socioeconomic status decreases. In a cross-sectional analysis of the 3C study data, we found that both individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status are independently associated with the thickness of the carotid arterial wall of participants, a marker of atherosclerosis progression. Therefore, despite their lower frequency in France, cerebrovascular diseases still follow the universal pattern of social inequalities. Results from these two studies also suggest that different causal pathways may lead to social inequalities in stroke risk across gender. Another analysis of the 3C study shows a positive association between socioeconomic status (as measured by self-declared income) and ischemic stroke incidence. This unexpected result illustrates the methodological challenges one faces when studying social inequalities in a sample of elderly, among which survival selection and competing risks. Existence of social inequalities in stroke risk questions the ability of primary health care to prevent them, as well as the opportunity to reduce them via secondary health care. The last is a very topical question since the advent of stroke units and the development of thrombolysis for ischemic stroke have revolutionized stroke care in the last two decades
Guillaume, Elodie. "Organisation collective du dépistage des cancers et réduction des inégalités sociales de santé". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC413/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn accordance with the WHO's observation, there are differences in health between different population groups in France, as elsewhere, which result from the social conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age.In France, the reduction of social inequalities in health is a political priority, notably through successive cancer plans, with cancers being the main pathologies that provide inequalities. These plans have led to the introduction of organized screening for colorectal cancer and breast cancer, for which social and territorial inequalities of participation as well as non-adherence factors are well documented and constitute potential targets for interventions. This thesis aims to provide new knowledge and evidence to guide the policies and organization of cancer screening based on evidence, particularly for the reduction of social inequalities and territorial. She presents two studies. PRADO is an interventional study with a collective randomization unit (Grouped Islets for Statistical Information (IRIS)) multicentric, stratified on the urban / rural character and precariousness of IRIS and conducted in two parallel groups (Intervention vs Control), from 2011 to 2013 in Picardy. In the intervention arm, in addition to the usual modalities of organized screening for colorectal cancer, a screening assistant contacted by telephone those who did not carry out the screening test in the two previous round. The study showed that this intervention has increased participation and identified the conditions under which this type of intervention could reduce social inequalities. The second study evaluates the interest of a mobile radiography (the mammobile) in organized breast cancer screening. A retrospective analysis of the Orne device on five screening rounds shows that this device makes it possible to reduce the social and territorial inequalities of participation in screening. The principle of proportional universalism, the multilevel and intersectorial nature of intervention, the application of the principle of literacy and respect for informed choice appear as the foundations of a public health policy aimed at reducing social inequalities in the cancer field. The optimal mode of evaluation of these so-called complex interventions remains a major research issue
Villeval, Mélanie. "Evaluation et transférabilité des interventions de réduction des inégalités sociales de santé : un programme de recherche interventionnelle". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30233.
Pełny tekst źródłaSocial inequalities in health are particularly elevated in France. Decreasing these inequalities has been on the political agenda since 2009. However, knowledge is sparse regarding possible interventions which would contribute to their decrease. Many local-level interventions are implemented, but most often they are not described, not evaluated, nor transferred. This thesis is embedded within the field of population health intervention research. The first part of the thesis focusses on deconstructing the archetypal vision of the intervention within the field of public health, wherein it is considered to be a sequential, technical programme. A systemic approach to interventions is then described. Different levels of intervention are described, from individual health education to Health Impact Assessment (HIA), aiming at addressing social determinants of health. By relying on a critique of the randomised controlled trial, alternative evaluation approaches are detailed, based on a literature review in the field of " programme evaluation " still relatively under developed in France. The second part of the thesis is centred on the results of research on intervention transferability, based on the AAPRISS (Apprendre et Agir Pour réduire les Inégalités Sociales de Santé) programme. A description model has been developed, based on a distinction between the " key functions " of an intervention (that is standardisable and transferable key elements), and their implementation, that can vary across contexts. It has been developed from different prevention projects included within the AAPRISS programme. It relies on the hypothesis that a better description of interventions, relying on a distinction between transferable and adaptive elements, constitutes a useful step to the evaluation and potential transfer of an intervention. The model is built on a knowledge co-construction between project leaders and researchers. In the last part of the thesis, the model is applied to the AAPRISS meta-programme itself. Knowledge exchange and co-construction dynamics on which it relies are analysed. The complexity and multiplicity of the determinants of health and SIH call for revisiting existing programmes more than for the creation of a new programme to reduce SIH
Arseneau, Bussières Stéphanie. "Agentes communautaires de santé : être intermédiaires au coeur des inégalités sociales de santé : l'exemple de deux postes de santé de Salvador, Bahia, Brésil". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23861/23861.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaMelchior, Maria. "Health inequalities in France : findings from the gazel cohort study". Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA11TO06.
Pełny tekst źródłaGrossetête, Matthieu. "La sécurité routière au radar des inégalités sociales : codage et décodages d'un problème public". Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10046.
Pełny tekst źródłaThere are not official data in France that enables to link social positions with death on the road. Yet, related road mortality doesn't occur randomly. Powerless and poorer people appear to be over represented among those dying on the road. Crash reports statistics' analysis establishes a social fact surprisingly under documented : social groups are unequal in front of mortal road crashes. With a remarkable stability, working class drivers are over-represented among those who die on the road while upper classes are under-represented. Moreover the latter are those who mainly beneficiated from the 2002-2005 decrease in road mortality
Tardieu, Émilie. "Soutenir l'équité en santé dans les actions de santé publique : conditions d'utilisation d'un outil visant à la prise en compte des inégalités sociales de santé". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26465.
Pełny tekst źródła