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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Ironmen”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 19 lutego 2023

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1

Dolinar, Joanne. "Triathlons—Not Just for Ironmen." Physician and Sportsmedicine 18, no. 10 (October 1990): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1990.11710161.

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Meggs, Jenny, Mark A. Chen, and Stefan Koehn. "Relationships Between Flow, Mental Toughness, and Subjective Performance Perception in Various Triathletes." Perceptual and Motor Skills 126, no. 2 (November 23, 2018): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512518803203.

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This study examined the relationship between mental toughness (MT), subjectively perceived performance, and dispositional flow in a sample of 114 high-performing ironmen and standard distance triathletes ( Mage = 28.81 years, SD = 3.45) recruited from triathlon clubs. Participants completed the Mental Toughness Questionnaire, Dispositional Flow Scale, and self-rated subjectively perceived performance. Pearson’s correlations between these measures revealed a significant, positive relationship between global MT and subjective performance ratings ( r = .62, p < .01) and between global MT and a

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Hoitz, Fabian, Vinzenz von Tscharner, Christian Maurer, Laura Fraeulin, Daniela Ohlendorf, and Benno Nigg. "Ironmen competitors exhibit unique gait patterns." Footwear Science 13, sup1 (July 1, 2021): S37—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2021.1917670.

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Pingitore, Alessandro, Erika Garbella, Paolo Piaggi, Danilo Menicucci, Francesca Frassi, Vincenzo Lionetti, Andrea Piarulli, et al. "Early subclinical increase in pulmonary water content in athletes performing sustained heavy exercise at sea level: ultrasound lung comet-tail evidence." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 301, no. 5 (November 2011): H2161—H2167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00388.2011.

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Whether prolonged strenuous exercise performed by athletes at sea level can produce interstitial pulmonary edema is under debate. Chest sonography allows to estimate extravascular lung water, creating ultrasound lung comet-tail (ULC) artifacts. The aim of the study was to determine whether pulmonary water content increases in Ironmen ( n = 31) during race at sea level and its correlation with cardiopulmonary function and systemic proinflammatory and cardiac biohumoral markers. A multiple factor analysis approach was used to determine the relations between systemic modifications and ULCs by ass

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Simmons, Jason M., Tara Q. Mahoney, and Marion E. Hambrick. "Leisure, work, and family: How IronMEN balance the demands of three resource-intensive roles." Leisure Sciences 38, no. 3 (March 3, 2016): 232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2015.1092402.

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DiBenigno, Julia, and Michaela Kerrissey. "Structuring mental health support for frontline caregivers during COVID-19: lessons from organisational scholarship on unit-aligned support." BMJ Leader 4, no. 3 (June 2, 2020): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2020-000279.

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BackgroundAlthough the COVID-19 pandemic exposes frontline caregivers to severe prolonged stresses and trauma, there has been little clarity on how healthcare organisations can structure support to address these mental health needs. This article translates organisational scholarship on professionals working in organisations to elucidate why traditional approaches to supporting employee mental health, which often ask employees to seek assistance from centralised resources that separate mental health personnel from frontline units, may be insufficient under crisis conditions. We identify a criti

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Firmin, Laurence, Didier Courtois, Vincent Pétiard, Charles Ehret, and Konrad Lerch. "Evaluation of the Natural Variability in Irone Content and Selection of Iris sp. for Perfume Production." HortScience 33, no. 6 (October 1998): 1046–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.6.1046.

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Rhizomes of Iris species used for perfume production do not contain scented irones immediately after harvest, precluding early selection of potentially high-producing genotypes. A recently developed technique involving a bacterial treatment (Rahnella aquatilis Izard, Gavini, Trinel, and Leclerc) of fresh rhizomes shortened the maturation time from 3 years to a few days. Variability in irone content among freshly harvested Iris species (76 clones) was evaluated, and three high-producing clones of Iris pallida Lam. were selected. Significant variability among clones was observed for irone conten

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8

Casas, Ruth de Las. "Ironman." BMJ 336, no. 7640 (February 16, 2008): s64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39384.909653.ce.

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Winkler, I. "Ironman." Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie 32, no. 4 (June 13, 2018): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00398-018-0249-3.

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Korstanje, Maximiliano E. "IRONMAN." Cultura International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology 7, no. 2 (2010): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/cultura20107214.

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Okubo, Tomonori. "L’ironie : « violation » ou « transgression » des maximes conversationnelles ?" Voix Plurielles 12, no. 1 (May 6, 2015): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v12i1.1184.

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Dans le présent article, nous nous proposons de décrire ce qu’est la transgression ressentie dans les énoncés ironiques en général (ironie standard et non-standard) dans le cadre de la théorie argumentative de la polyphonie (TAP), et de montrer qu’il s’agit bien plus de transgression que de violation (selon Grice) pour qu’un effet ironique soit réalisé dans un énoncé. Irony: “violation” or “transgression” of the Maxims of Conversation ? Abstract: In the present article, we try to depict what is felt as transgression in ironical utterances in general (standard and non-standard ironi

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12

de Fatima S. Duarte, Maria, Leticia M. Malavasi, Catiana Leila Possamai, and Clarissa Rios Simoni. "Ironman Brazil 2004." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S143—S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-00780.

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de Fatima S. Duarte, Maria, Leticia M. Malavasi, Catiana Leila Possamai, and Clarissa Rios Simoni. "Ironman Brazil 2004." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S143???S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200505001-00780.

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Knechtle, Beat, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Thomas Rosemann, and Christoph A. Rüst. "Der Ironman-Triathlon." Praxis 105, no. 13 (June 2016): 761–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a002369.

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Zusammenfassung. Jedes Jahr versuchen Tausende von Triathleten sich für den «Ironman Hawaii» (3,8 km Schwimmen, 180 km Radfahren und 42,195 km Laufen), die Weltmeisterschaft der Langstreckentriathleten, zu qualifizieren. Wir stellen die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der Literatur zusammen, welche Faktoren die Leistung für einen Ironman-Triathlon am ehesten beeinflussen können. Die wichtigsten leistungsbeeinflussenden Faktoren für eine schnelle Ironman-Wettkampfzeit für Männer wie für Frauen sind ein grosses Trainingsvolumen und eine hohe Intensität im Training, wobei ein grosses Volumen wichtiger i

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15

Brune, Stephan, and Rolf F. Kroidl. "Ironman und Htx." Herz Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen 31, no. 6 (September 2006): 586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00059-006-2817-7.

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Sousa, Caio V., Samuel da S. Aguiar, Rafael dos R. Olher, Marcelo M. Sales, Milton R. de Moraes, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle, and Herbert G. Simões. "Hydration Status After an Ironman Triathlon: A Meta‐Analysis." Journal of Human Kinetics 70, no. 1 (November 30, 2019): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2018-0096.

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Abstract The Ironman is one of the most popular triathlon events in the world. Such a race involves a great number of tactical decisions for a healthy finish and best performance. Dehydration is widely postulated to decrease performance and is known as a cause of dropouts in Ironman. Despite the importance of hydration status after an Ironman triathlon, there is a clear lack of review and especially meta-analysis studies on this topic. Therefore, the objective was to systematically review the literature and carry out a meta-analysis investigating the hydration status after an Ironman triathlon

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17

Summers, Robert, Martin Clarke, Peter McCafferty, and Tim Pope. "A slowly soluble, sulfur fertiliser from a by-product of mineral sands processing." Soil Research 41, no. 6 (2003): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02136.

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The effectiveness of a pelletised by-product from mineral sands processing as a sulfur fertiliser was measured on high rainfall sandy soils of Western Australia. The by-product was a lime-neutralised, low-grade, sulfuric acid effluent which produces a precipitate of gypsum containing iron and manganese. The pelletised product has been given the name 'Ironman' gypsum, reflecting its major constituents. Ironman gypsum was compared with ordinary single superphosphate and naturally occurring gypsum from Wyalkatchem (fine) and Jurien Bay (coarse) as a sulfur fertiliser in 2 field experiments.When c

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18

Barbosa, Lucas, Caio Sousa, Marcelo Sales, Rafael Olher, Samuel Aguiar, Patrick Santos, Eduard Tiozzo, Herbert Simões, Pantelis Nikolaidis, and Beat Knechtle. "Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061019.

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We aimed to determine which discipline had the greater performance improvements in the history of Ironman triathlon in Hawaii and also which discipline had the greater influence in overall race time. Data from 1983 to 2018 of the top three women and men of each year who competed in the Ironman World Championship were included. In addition to exploratory data analyses, linear regressions between split times and years of achievement were performed. Further, a stepwise multiple linear regression was applied using total race time as the dependent variable and split times as the independent variabl

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19

Vest, Stine, Jacob Frandsen, Steen Larsen, Flemming Dela, and Jørn Helge. "Peak Fat Oxidation is not Independently Related to Ironman Performance in Women." International Journal of Sports Medicine 39, no. 12 (September 18, 2018): 916–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0660-0031.

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AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate if peak fat oxidation rate (PFO) is related to Ironman performance in female athletes. Thirty-six female Ironman athletes (age: 34±1 yrs, [21–45 yrs.] SEM [Range]) with a BMI of 22.1±2.0 kg/m2 [18.8–28.4 kg/m2], a body fat percentage of 24.8±1.0% [9.0–37.0%] and a V̇O2peak of 53.0±1.3 ml/min/kg [36.5–70.5 ml/min/kg] were tested in the laboratory prior to the Ironman Copenhagen 2017. Race time ranged from 9:17:07 to 15:23:48 with mean race time being 11:57:26 h:min:s (717 min). By simple linear regression analyses we found associations bet

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20

Knechtle, Beat, Barbara Baumann, Patrizia Knechtle, Andrea Wirth, and Thomas Rosemann. "A Comparison of Anthropometry between Ironman Triathletes and Ultra-swimmers." Journal of Human Kinetics 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-010-0020-7.

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A Comparison of Anthropometry between Ironman Triathletes and Ultra-swimmersWe intended to compare the anthropometry of male and female Ironman triathletes with the anthropometry of male and female ultra-swimmers. Body mass, body mass index and body fat were lower in both male and female triathletes compared to swimmers. Body height and length of limbs were no different between the two groups. In the multi-variate analysis, in male triathletes, body mass (p=0.015) and percent body fat (p=0.0003) were related to race time; percent body fat was also related to the swim split (p=0.0036). In male

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21

Scott, Warren A. "Ironman Triathlon Case History." Current Sports Medicine Reports 3, no. 3 (June 2004): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200406000-00011.

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Murray, Robert. "Physiology at the Ironman." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (May 2006): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00608.

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McAteer, Timothy B. "Cardiac Arrhythmia-Ironman Triathlete." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42 (May 2010): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000385244.26929.d9.

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Downs, Nathan J., Taryn Axelsen, Alfio V. Parisi, Peter W. Schouten, and Ben R. Dexter. "Measured UV Exposures of Ironman, Sprint and Olympic-Distance Triathlon Competitors." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (April 27, 2020): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050440.

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Triathletes present an extreme case of modelled behaviour in outdoor sport that favours enhanced exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. This research presents personal solar ultraviolet exposures, measured using all-weather polysulphone film dosimeters, to triathletes during the distinct swimming, cycling and running stages of competitive Sprint, Olympic and Ironman events conducted within Australia and New Zealand. Measurements of exposure are made for each triathlon stage using film dosimeters fixed at a single site to the headwear of competing triathletes. Exposures are expressed relative

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25

Frandsen, Jacob, Stine Vest, Steen Larsen, Flemming Dela, and Jørn Helge. "Maximal Fat Oxidation is Related to Performance in an Ironman Triathlon." International Journal of Sports Medicine 38, no. 13 (October 19, 2017): 975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-117178.

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AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) measured during a progressive exercise test on a cycle ergometer and ultra-endurance performance. 61 male ironman athletes (age: 35±1 yrs. [23–47 yrs.], with a BMI of 23.6±0.3 kg/m2 [20.0–30.1 kg/m2], a body fat percentage of 16.7±0.7% [8.4–30.7%] and a VO2peak of 58.7±0.7 ml/min/kg [43.9–72.5 ml/min/kg] SEM [Range]) were tested in the laboratory between 25 and 4 days prior to the ultra-endurance event, 2016 Ironman Copenhagen. Simple bivariate analyses revealed significant negativ

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Harpenau, Stephanie, Elaina Biechler, and Lauren Sutton. "In Race Nutritional Strategies Comparing Ironman Wisconsin Athletes to Ironman World Championship Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S (May 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000517100.61348.9f.

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Andreasson, Jesper, and Thomas Johansson. "Triathlon Bodies in Motion: Reconceptualizing Feelings of Pain, Nausea and Disgust in the Ironman Triathlon." Body & Society 25, no. 2 (September 11, 2018): 119–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x18798705.

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This study focuses on the physical expressions and intensity of embodiment that occur in the Ironman Triathlon. More specifically, the study investigates the transformational bodily experiences taking place during Ironman competitions. Using an ethnographic approach, a total of 29 Ironman triathletes participated in the study (15 men and 14 women). Theoretically, the article focuses on how triathletes’ bodies ‘move’ between different forms of embodiment. The results show that, in the process of disciplining the body, the athletes reconceptualized feelings of pain, nausea and even disgust, maki

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SCHULTE-ELTE, K. H., H. PAMINGLE, A. P. UIJTTEWAAL та R. L. SNOWDEN. "ChemInform Abstract: An Alternative Access to (.+-.)-α-Irones and (.+-.)-β-Irone via Acid-Mediated Cyclization." ChemInform 23, № 34 (21 серпня 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199234268.

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Garcia, William Fernando, and Carolina Kowalski Pereira. "Periodização do treinamento para triatletas de Ironman: Uma revisão sistemática sobre métodos e efetividade dos programas de treinamento." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 9 (July 13, 2022): e37511932019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.32019.

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O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar sistematicamente a literatura acerca do tema periodização do treinamento para triatletas de longa distância, competidores de Ironman 70.3 e Ironman. As buscas foram conduzidas nas bases PubMed, SportDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo e Medline. A análise das informações dos artigos foi realizada pela lista de checagem da declaração STROBE e os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo do tipo categorial. A revisão incluiu 6 estudos publicados no período de 1989 a 2020. Os atletas, de ambos os sexos, contemplando o nível de

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Hong, Chong Sun, and Dong Hwan Jang. "Korean ironman triathlon record analysis." Journal of the Korean Data And Information Science Society 31, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 1109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7465/jkdi.2020.31.6.1109.

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Antonucci, Lauren. "Sports Nutrition at the Ironman." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (May 2006): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00609.

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O’Connell, K., M. Posthumus, and M. Collins. "COL6A1Gene and Ironman Triathlon Performance." International Journal of Sports Medicine 32, no. 11 (October 19, 2011): 896–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1277181.

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Stones, M. J., and Adric Hartin. "Aging and Half-Ironman Performance." Experimental Aging Research 43, no. 2 (February 23, 2017): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0361073x.2017.1276378.

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Straßburger, Wolfgang, and Elmar Friderichs. "Ironman, Muttermilch und Krötenhaut: Opioidpeptide." Pharmazie in unserer Zeit 31, no. 1 (January 22, 2002): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1615-1003(200201)31:1<52::aid-pauz52>3.0.co;2-b.

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Overbeck, Peter. "IRONMAN stützt Eisenersatz bei Herzinsuffizienz." CardioVasc 23, no. 1 (February 2023): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15027-022-2961-x.

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Popoola, Ademola Alabi, Chidiebere N. Ogo, Omolara Fatiregun, Mohammed Dogo, Solomon O. Rotimi, and Folakemi Odedina. "Abstract A030: International Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer (IRONMAN) study: The Nigerian experience." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): A030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-a030.

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Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (CaP) is a global disease with the greatest burden among Black men, including sub-Saharan African men. The International Registry to Improve Outcomes in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer (IRONMAN) was established by the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium (PCCTC) as a prospective, international cohort of men with advanced cancer. The goal of the study is to establish a population-based CaP registry and recruit patients across academic and community practices globally. The Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) joined the IRONMAN project in

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Bilbo, Adrianus Aditya Christaldo. "Captain America’s, Ironman’s, and Thor’s Anxiety and Defense Mechanism in The Avengers and Avengers: Age of Ultron." K@ta Kita 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2019): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/katakita.7.3.427-434.

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This thesis aims to discuss the anxiety and defense mechanism of three main characters of the superhero movies, namely, Marvel’s The Avengers and Avengers: Age of Ultron. The three main characters discussed have the capabilities to save the world. Yet, despite their capabilities as superheroes, they have their own weaknesses, just like human beings. In my analysis, I investigate the weaknesses of the main characters, namely, Captain America, Ironman, and Thor. Using Cramer’s concept of anxiety and defense mechanism (1991, 2009, 2016), I find that their weaknesses triggers anxiety. In return, t

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Leischik, Roman, and Norman Spelsberg. "Vegan Triple-Ironman (Raw Vegetables/Fruits)." Case Reports in Cardiology 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/317246.

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Endurance sport requires a healthy and balanced diet. In this case report we present the findings of an ultra-triathlete (three times Ironman, means 11.4 km swim, 540 km bike, 125 km run in 41:18 h as a whole) living on a raw vegan diet and having finished the competitions under these nutritional conditions. To this end, the vegan ultra triathlete and a control group of 10 Ironman triathletes of similar age living on a mixed diet were investigated, using echocardiography and spiroergometry. In addition, blood samples were taken from the vegan athlete both in the sporting season and in the off-

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de Milander, Liesl, Dan J. Stein, and Malcolm Collins. "The interleukin-6, serotonin transporter, and monoamine oxidase A genes and endurance performance during the South African Ironman Triathlon." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 34, no. 5 (October 2009): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h09-083.

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Previous studies have identified an association of genetic variants believed to alter physiological and biochemical processes locally within the skeletal muscle and therefore performance in the Ironman triathlon. There is growing evidence that the serotonergic system and circulating interleukin (IL)-6 levels are also involved in mediating endurance capacity. Investigators have demonstrated that recombinant human IL-6 administration and serotonergic neurotransmission manipulation, with 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitors, prior to exercise, can alt

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Piacentini, Maria Francesca, Veronica Vleck, and Romuald Lepers. "Effect of age on the sex difference in Ironman triathlon performance." Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité, no. 104 (2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019030.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on the sex differences in (3.8 km) swim, (180 km) cycle, (42 km) run, and overall performance time at the 2018 Ironman triathlon World Championship. Sex differences in performance times were analysed for the top 10 male and female amateur triathletes of each 5 years age group between 18–24 years and 70–74 years. Independent of age, the averaged sex difference in swimming, cycling, running, and overall performance time was 14.0 ± 3.3%, 15.6 ± 3.1%, 15.3 ± 6.8% and 15.1 ± 3.6%, respectively. There was no significant change with age in th

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Gris�, Catherine. "Ironie dramatique ou ironie cognitive?" Neophilologus 74, no. 3 (July 1990): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00382429.

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Gregersen, Niels Henrik. "Historiens ironier." Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift 75, no. 1 (February 10, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dtt.v75i1.105547.

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Sellars, Roy. "Kierkegaards ironier." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 34, no. 101 (April 2, 2006): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v34i101.22333.

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Katarzyna Bartoszyńska. "Persuasive Ironies:." Comparative Literature Studies 50, no. 4 (2013): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/complitstudies.50.4.0618.

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Radin, J. "Atomic Ironies." Science 342, no. 6157 (October 24, 2013): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1244514.

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Gladstein. "Edenic Ironies." Steinbeck Review 11, no. 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/steinbeckreview.11.1.0001.

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Tran, Kwon, Holt, Kierle, Fitzgerald, Scalia, Scalia, Holt, and Scalia. "Echocardiographic Pulmonary to Left Atrial Ratio (ePLAR): A Comparison Study between Ironman Athletes, Age Matched Controls and A General Community Cohort." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): 1756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101756.

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Background: During exercise there is a proportionally lower rise in systemic and pulmonary pressures compared to cardiac output due to reduced vascular resistance. Invasive exercise data suggest that systemic vascular resistance reduces more than pulmonary vascular resistance. The aim of this study was the non-invasive assessment of exercise hemodynamics in ironman athletes, compared with an age matched control group and a larger general community cohort. Methods: 20 ironman athletes (40 ± 11 years, 17 male) were compared with 20 age matched non-athlete controls (43 ± 7 years, 10 male) and a g

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Jäckel, Kristian, Caio Sousa, Elias Villiger, Pantelis Nikolaidis, and Beat Knechtle. "The Age-Related Performance Decline in Ironman 70.3." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6 (March 24, 2020): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062148.

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Although the age-related decline in sport events has been well studied, little is known on such a decline in recreational triathletes for the Half Ironman distance. Indeed, the few existing studies concentrated on specific aspects such as top events, elite groups, some consecutive years, single locations, or age categories instead of analyzing all the data available. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine recreational triathletes’ performance in three split disciplines (swimming, cycling, and running) as well as in overall race time by analyzing all data of Half Ironman finishe

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Marcos-Serrano, Marta, Guillermo Olcina, Carmen Crespo, Darrell Brooks, and Rafael Timon. "Urinary Steroid Profile in Ironman Triathletes." Journal of Human Kinetics 61, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0130.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine variations in the urinary steroid profile of triathletes following an Ironman event. A total of 10 male participants (age = 36.0 ± 1.27 years; body height = 179.29 ± 10.77 cm; body mass = 74.50 ± 1.04 kg) completed an Ironman Championship. Urine samples were collected before, immediately after, and 24 hours following the race. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to detect and quantify catabolic and anabolic hormones: Androsterone, Dehydroepiandrosteone (DHEA), Androstenedione and Testosterone (T), Betaestradiol, Estrone, Progeste

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O??Toole, M. L., P. S. Douglas, A. J. Murphy, R. H. Laird, C. M. Lebrun, W. Lancashire, and WDB Hiller. "HYPOMAGNESEMIA DURING THE HAWAII IRONMAN TRIATHLON." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 24, Supplement (May 1992): S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199205001-00257.

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