Zaloguj się

Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Klebsiella oxytoca antibiotic susceptibility / Artykuły w czasopismach

Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Klebsiella oxytoca antibiotic susceptibility.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Klebsiella oxytoca antibiotic susceptibility”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Klebsiella oxytoca antibiotic susceptibility”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.

1

Putrawan, Oka, and IGAA Putri Sri Rejeki. "AMPICILLIN SULBACTAM RESISTANCE PATTERN AS A FIRST-LINE DRUG IN CHILDREN." Folia Medica Indonesiana 51, no. 3 (2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v51i3.2834.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Infection often occurs in children with malignant hematology and causes morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics should be given based on the results of culture and antibiotic susceptibility test. Ampicillin Sulbactam is a first-line drug in children with infection. The purpose of this study was to obtain an objective overview of Ampicillin Sulbactam resistance patterns of culture in patients hospitalized in pediatric Hemato-Oncology Ward, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. This was a descriptive study. Data on culture and susceptibility test result to Ampicillin Sulbactam were taken from medical reco

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

2

Mahato, Sanjay, Pinki Mandal, and Ajay Mahato. "Biofilm Production by Uropathogens like Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas spp and their Antibiotic Susceptibility." Birat Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (2020): 902–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v5i1.29609.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) causes inflammation which is a common, painful and sometimes life-threatening condition as well. Despite high prevalence of bacteriuria, the information on biofilm forming bacteria is negligible. Objectives: This study aims at understanding the status of the biofilm forming nature of Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas SPP and their drug resistance property with several class of antibiotics with a prime focus on resistance pattern against few penicillin based drugs to few empirical drugs in today's time. Methodology: Urine samples were analyze

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

3

Aquino, Simone, and Karin Herzig. "Klebsiella oxytoca Multiresistant as an Agent of Disseminated Dermatitis in a Dog." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (September 13, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.87486.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: During the last years, there is a global concern about the increasing levels of antimicrobial resistance in human and veterinary medicine. Klebsiella oxytoca isolates are ubiquitous in nature, including surface water, soils, sewage, and plants. Klebsiella oxytoca is a nosocomial pathogen in humans but few studies reported as a pathogen in dogs and cats. Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious problem due to the increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamaseproducing K. oxytoca isolates. The aim of the present study is describe the first clinical case of disseminated d

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

4

Lescat, Mathilde, Mélanie Magnan, Sonia Kenmoe, Patrice Nordmann, and Laurent Poirel. "Co-Lateral Effect of Octenidine, Chlorhexidine and Colistin Selective Pressures on Four Enterobacterial Species: A Comparative Genomic Analysis." Antibiotics 11, no. 1 (2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010050.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Bacterial adaptation to antiseptic selective pressure might be associated with decreased susceptibility to antibiotics. In Gram-negative bacteria, some correlations between reduced susceptibility to chlorhexidine (CHX) and polymyxins have been recently evidenced in Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the present study, four isolates belonging to distinct enterobacterial species, namely K. pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca and Enterobacter cloacae, were submitted to in-vitro selective adaptation to two antiseptics, namely CHX and octenidine (OCT), and to the antibiotic colistin (COL). Usin

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

5

Ramachandran, Devasena Umai, and Meenambiga Setti Sudharsan. "Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Genes among Gram Negative Clinical Isolates." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 4 (2022): 2687. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.2687.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Increasing antibiotic resistance is a threat worldwide. Deep studies have to be done for correct and appropriate usage of antibiotics for treating infections efficiently and to curtail the spread of resistance. Hence, this study is aimed at understanding the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes among 35 gram-negative bacterial isolates. By performing biochemical tests, the isolates were identified to be Escherichia coli (n = 15), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 3), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 5), Proteus mirabilis (n = 4), Proteus vulgaris (n = 1) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 7). Antibiotic sus

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

6

Youssef, Dima, Babak Hooshmand, Kathleen M. Riederer, Leonard B. Johnson, and Riad Khatib. "180. Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca Bacteremia: Differences in Host, Source, and Antibiotic Susceptibility." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.255.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background Klebsiella species (KS) bloodstream infection (BSI) is often caused by K. pneumoniae (KP). K. oxytoca (KO) is emerging and implicated in antibiotic-associated right-sided colitis. We compared the clinical and microbiological characteristics of KP and KO. Methods We reviewed blood culture (BC) results (January 1, 2010–December 31, 2017), selected patients with KS in ≥1 BC, reviewed their medical records, abstracted patient demographics, source of bacteremia, antibiotics susceptibility, and outcome. Each patient was counted once. We compared KP and KO cases. All differences w

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

7

Gaonkar, Shradha R., Alka Sagar, Shailesh Kamat, and Rajeshwar Naik. "Detection of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors of Klebsiella Species." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 27 (2023): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i274192.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Klebsiella species is a common cause of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) and more antibiotic resistance patterns seen in this species. The purpose of this study was to identify the antibiotic resistance such as ESBL producer,carbapenem- resistant K.pneumoniae (CRKP) and study (Antibiogram) of Klebsiella species isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital in south Goa, India. The Klebsiella species was isolated from the hospital admitted patient process at Royal Hospital South Goa from April 2022 to Dec 2022. Identification of Klebsiella species isolate was done by analyzing m

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

8

Manandhar, T., J. Koirala, B. M. Pokharel, and P. Ghimire. "Status of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella species in urinary tract infection." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 28, no. 2 (2006): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.239.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Production of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism of beta-lactam resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. And the occurrence of ESBL producing isolates has increased worldwide. Methods: The study was carried out in bacteriology laboratory of TUTH from March 2005 to May 2005 that included 371 midstream urine samples (msu). During these three months period, the MSU samples were investigated by conventional semi-quantitative culture technique, antibiotic susceptibility test and ESBL detection test. Results: Out of 98 significant positive cases, 60 cases were d

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

9

Kowalczyk, Joanna, Ilona Czokajło, Marta Gańko, Marcin Śmiałek, and Andrzej Koncicki. "Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance in Klebsiella spp. Isolates from Turkeys in Poland between 2019 and 2022." Animals 12, no. 22 (2022): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12223157.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

One of the important problems in poultry production is bacterial infections and increasing resistance to antibiotics. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a major challenge for physicians and veterinarians and considerably limits treatment options. This study was undertaken in order to assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from turkeys sampled from 2019 to 2022 in Poland. The material for study consisted of clinical samples taken during routine monitoring and microbiological identification testing at commercial poultry farms.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

10

Jepsen, Karin, Wolfgang Falk, Friederike Brune, et al. "Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Trends of Selected Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, and Candida albicans in the Subgingival Microbiota of German Periodontitis Patients: A Retrospective Surveillance Study." Antibiotics 11, no. 3 (2022): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030385.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The periodontal microbiota is ecologically diverse and may facilitate colonization by bacteria of enteric origin (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci) and co-infections with Candida albicans, possibly producing subgingival biofilms with high antimicrobial tolerance. This retrospective surveillance study followed periodontitis-associated superinfection profiles in a large patient sample. From 2008 to 2015, biofilm samples from deep periodontal pockets were collected from a total of 16,612 German adults diagnosed with periodontitis. The presence of selected Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, and Candi

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

11

E Uzeh, Roseline, and Sylvester Imafidon. "The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant enteric bacteria in Selected Nigerian traditional dairy products." African Health Sciences 22, no. 4 (2022): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i4.67.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Wara and nono are popular dairy products in Nigeria, rich in nutrients, highly exposed to microbial contaminants during processing and sale and support microbial growth. Objectives: To investigate occurrence and antibiotic resistance pattern of enteric bacterial pathogens in dairy products. Methods: Dairy products were serially diluted and cultured on Eosin Methylene Blue agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar, McConkey agar and nutrient agar at 37°C for 24 h. Characterisation and identification of isolates with API 20E kit (Biomereux, France). Antibiotic susceptibility was wit

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

12

Esther Ajimuda, Omolola, Ikeoluwa Sanmi-Kayode, Oluwagbeminiyi Oyinkansola Adeniyi, Olubunmi Olayemi Alaka, and Anthony Onipede. "Prevalence of extended spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Klebsiella species from patients’ specimens in a tertiary teaching hospital in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria." African Health Sciences 22, no. 2 (2022): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i2.17.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Objective: This study determined the prevalence of ESBL genes amongst Klebsiella species isolated from patients’ specimens attending a Tertiary Teaching Hospital, in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional study of presumptive isolates of Klebsiella (n=180) were collected, after ethical approval in the microbiology laboratory. Isolates were identified to species level by conventional biochemical tests and MicrobactTM 24E Identification Kits. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. ESBL production was detected by the doubl

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

13

VERANYURT, Ülkü, and Betül AKALIN. "An Important Public Health Problem "Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Frequency": An Example From A Training And Research Hospital." Gevher Nesibe Journal IESDR 6, no. 14 (2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46648/gnj.256.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections are a significant threat to public health due to the limited availability of antibiotics and the effect on mortality. This study was conducted retrospectively to determine the prevalence of CRE in a teaching and research hospital in Istanbul. Materials and Methods: In 2016, 2017 and in the first half of 2018 Klebsiella species were evaluated retrospectively in culture samples that were sent to Microbiology Laboratory in an educational hospital. The typing of Klebsiella species were performed with MALDITOF-MS device (Biomerieux,

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

14

Taqdees, Malik, Asma Naim, and Asma Saeed. "Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of ESBL producing Klebsiella strains by Phenotypic methods." RADS Journal of Biological Research & Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/jbas.v9i1.147.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Multi drug resistance has now become a worldwide therapeutic challenge due to the widespread use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Klebsiella species have significant importance in clinical field as they cause various infections in human and are considered as potential pathogens that express antibiotic resistance through their strong enzymatic activity. Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) are plasmid mediated enzymes produced mostly because of mutation and few other factors. These enzymes confer resistance against various Î²-lactam drugs including cephalosporins and monobactams. Among the g

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

15

OLUYELE, OLUMIDE, GLADYS EGUNJOBI, and DOREEN OWAGBEMI. "BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN CURCUMA LONGA EXTRACTS: POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT KLEBSIELLA SPP." Quantum Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 4, no. 3 (2025): 69–83. https://doi.org/10.55197/qjmhs.v4i3.156.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extracts against selected multidrug-resistant Klebsiella spp. Freshly ground C. longa was extracted using the maceration method, and the susceptibility of the organisms to the extract was tested using the agar well diffusion technique. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify the bioactive compounds in the extract. Molecular docking was performed using the Glide module of Maestro Schrödinger to predict binding affinities and interaction modes of C. longa phytochemicals with SHV-1 (beta-lactamas

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

16

Mbehang Nguema, Pierre Philippe, Richard Onanga, Guy Roger Ndong Atome, et al. "High level of intrinsic phenotypic antimicrobial resistance in enterobacteria from terrestrial wildlife in Gabonese national parks." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0257994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257994.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Data on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in African wildlife are still relatively limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of phenotypic intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance of enterobacteria from several species of terrestrial wild mammals in national parks of Gabon. Colony culture and isolation were done using MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified using the VITEK 2 and MALDI-TOF methods. Antibiotic susceptibility was analysed and interpreted according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

17

Rave, A. F. G., A. V. Kuss, G. H. S. Peil, S. R. Ladeira, J. P. V. Villarreal, and P. S. Nascente. "Biochemical identification techniques and antibiotic susceptibility profile of lipolytic ambiental bacteria from effluents." Brazilian Journal of Biology 79, no. 4 (2019): 555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.05616.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Different methodologies have been developed throughout the years to identify environmental microorganisms to improve bioremediation techniques, determine susceptibility profiles of bacteria in contaminated environments, and reduce the impact of microorganisms in ecosystems. Two methods of bacterial biochemical identification are compared and the susceptibility profile of bacteria, isolated from residential and industrial wastewater, is determined. Twenty-four bacteria were retrieved from the bacteria bank of the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory at the Institute of Biology (IB) of

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

18

Chakraborty, Sourav. "Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profiles and ESBL production in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca among hospitalized patients." Periodicum Biologorum 118, no. 1 (2016): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18054/pb.2016.118.1.3160.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

19

Satter, Sarmin, and SM Shamsuzzaman. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 10, no. 2 (2016): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v10i2.51924.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study was conducted to determine the presence of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh, as well as to observe the patterns of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes among them. A total of 166 Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were isolated from urine, wound swab, pus, sputum and blood samples of patients of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility test wasperformed by disk-diffusion technique. ESBL producers were detected phenotypically by Double-disk synergy (DDS) test.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

20

Hussein, Mohanad, Hasan Owaif, and Sura Abdulateef. "The Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes, pehX, blaCTXM, blaAmpC, and npsB among Klebsiella oxytoca Stool Samples." International Journal of Biomedicine 13, no. 3 (2023): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_oa13.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Klebsiella oxytoca may cause various infections, including respiratory, urinary, and bloodstream infections, often with multidrug-resistant strains posing challenges in treatment. The aim of this study was for molecular identification of K. oxytoca and to assess the existence of aminoglycoside resistance genes in biofilm and in toxin-producing and AmpC-positive isolates. Methods and Results: A total of 400 non-duplicate stool samples were collected from patients with colitis from 2019 to 2020 and were immediately cultured onto McConkey and blood agar (Merk, Germany). Antibiotic dis

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

21

Hleba, Lukáš, Miroslava Kačániová, Simona Kunová, Maciej Kluz, and Martin Mellen. "Comparison of antibiotic resistance between ecological and conventional breeding in Enterobacteriaceae genera isolated from milk and milk products." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 1 (2011): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159010129.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The aim of this study was to determine and compare antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae genera isolated from milk and milk products like cheese, bryndza, srvátka and parenica from ecological and conventional breeding from different regions of Slovakia. Distance between breedings was about 20 km. In the both breeding were not used antibiotics. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were tested for susceptibility to three antibiotics ampicillin (AMP), nalixid acid (NA 30) and chloramphenicol (C 30). In our study, we determined that the highest resistance of Enterobacteriaceae strains was to amp

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

22

Otuyelu, Frank Olakunle, Toyin Olayemi Agbabiaka, Ridwan Tope Azeez, Ruth Bukola Tomilayo, Bashirat Abdulkareem Sa'ad, and Suad Oluwakemi Katibi. "SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION AND EFFICACY OF BIOGENIC SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING SECONDARY METABOLITE OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ON SELECTED PATHOGENS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 9, no. 2 (2025): 242–47. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0902-3189.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Bacteria resistance to conventional antibiotics has made researchers look for other possible alternatives which include the use of nanoparticles, plant extracts, production of bacteriocin, organic acids etc. This study is focused on biosynthesizing AgNPs using secondary metabolite of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, characterize and evaluate its effectiveness against selected bacteria pathogens. FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM analyses were used to characterize, agar disk diffusion method was employed for antibacterial sssay. Bacterial pathogens used include Escherichia coli, Serratia liquefaciens,

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

23

NG, Manjula, Shilpa Borehalli Mayegowda, L. Priyanka та ін. "Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of ESβL Producers Isolated from the Mobile Phones". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (27 травня 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1527488.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of human lives for communication, education, and entertainment activities. This study aims to evaluate the diversity pattern of bacterial contaminants on mobiles and to check antibiotic resistance profiles in 105 samples. The study revealed a contamination of 51% in men and 49% in women, the highest in the 21- to 30-year age group, evidencing the extreme use of mobiles by teenagers. The study observed Gram-negative bacteria (63%) versus Gram-positive bacteria (37%). Overall, Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed the highest sensitivity to antib

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

24

B, Vishalakshi, J. Mariraj, and S. Krishna. "Isolation and Antibiogram of Klebsiella Species from Various Clinical Samples of Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 9 (2023): 396–401. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11343875.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

<strong>Introduction: </strong>Klebsiella species is a gram-negative pathogen known to produce community acquired infections and hospital acquired infections. It is caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by Klebsiella oxytoca. There is a development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and there is an emergence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Enterobacteriaceae. Hence, the current study was conducted to identify it from different clinical samples and determine ESBL producers. <strong>Objectives: </strong>To isolate and identify the Klebsiella spp in all

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

25

Sherchan, Jatan Bahadur, Anjana Dongol, Sanjaya Humagain, Anish Joshi, Siddha Rana Magar, and Sarita Bhandari. "Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 20, no. 01 (2022): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.4142.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest infectious diseases worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing urinary tract infection visiting Kathmandu University Hospital.Methods: A total of 3,500 urine samples were processed and antibiotic resistance pattern was determined following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Patients’ information was obtained after informed consent.Results: Total number of samples with positive growth was 434 (12.40%). 331 (76.27%) of the isolates were Escherichia coli

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

26

Khatun, Mst Nazma, SM Shamsuzzaman, Jannatul Fardows, Abu Bakar Siddique, and Samsoon Nahar Joly. "Identification of Bacterial Isolates from Endotracheal Aspirate of Patients in Intensive Care Unit and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern." Journal of Enam Medical College 8, no. 2 (2018): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v8i2.36728.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Nosocomial infections have been discussed as a critical issue among intubated patients leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Tracheal colonization of different bacteria may be responsible for added or superinfections and may increase the risk of mortality. Irrational use of antibiotics also increases the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.Objectives: We aimed to investigate the bacterial isolates in the endotracheal aspirates of ICU patients and to see the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on 40 specimens of

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

27

Chen, Jade, Michael Tomasek, Amorina Cruz, et al. "Feasibility and potential significance of rapid in vitro qualitative phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing of gram-negative bacilli with the ProMax system." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0249203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249203.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The emergence and evolution of antibiotic resistance has been accelerated due to the widespread use of antibiotics and a lack of timely diagnostic tests that guide therapeutic treatment with adequate sensitivity, specificity, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) accuracy. Automated AST instruments are extensively used in clinical microbiology labs and provide a streamlined workflow, simplifying susceptibility testing for pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples. Although currently used commercial systems such as the Vitek2 and BD Phoenix can deliver results in substantially

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

28

Moehario, Lucky H., Enty Tjoa, Ariyani Kiranasari, Ika Ningsih, Yeva Rosana, and Anis Karuniawati. "Trends in antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood in Jakarta from 2002 to 2008." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 3, no. 11 (2009): 843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.85.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: This study examined the susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria in the bloodstream to antimicrobials with the aim of providing information relevant to the guidance of therapy. Methodology: Blood specimens received by the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, from 2002 to 2008, were analyzed for the presence of Gram-negative bacteria and their susceptibility to four antibiotic groups frequently administered in hospitals and community settings. Results: During the seven-year period leading up to 2008, approximately 68% of Gram-negative ba

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

29

P.K., Feglo,, та Adu-Sarkodie, Y. "Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase Producing Klebsiellae and E. coli Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana". European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, № 30 (2016): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n30p174.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: High proportions of E. coli and Klebsiellae isolates at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) have developed resistance to the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs, but the cause of which is unknown. Detailed data upon which to advocate control interventions are scanty. This study determined the prevalence of ESBL Klebsiellae and E. coli at KATH, so as to establish the linkage (if any) between ESBL production and drug resistance to antimicrobials drugs at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Method: 405 isolates consisting of 156 E. coli strains and 234 Klebsiella pneimoniae an

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

30

KC, R., A. Shrestha, and VK Sharma. "Bacteriological Study of Wound Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 2 (2014): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10428.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Wound infections result in sepsis, limb loss, long hospital stays, higher costs, and are responsible for significant human mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify the causative organisms of wound infection, to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates and to study the risk factors for wound infection. The study was conducted for six months in which pus specimens collected from 244 patients were processed to investigate etiological agents using standard technique. Disc susceptibility of bacterial agents were then determine

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

31

Ma., Cristina SJ Liwanag, and P. Soriano Gil. "Bacterial Load of Fresh Vegetables Sold in a Selected Public Market and their Susceptibility to Commonly Used Antibiotics." International Journal of Food Safety, Nutrition, Public Health and Technology (IJFSNPHT) ISSN: 0975 – 8712 10, no. 3 (2018): 18–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1488388.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

<strong>Title:</strong> Bacterial Load of Fresh Vegetables Sold in a Selected Public Market and their Susceptibility to Commonly Used Antibiotics  <strong>Authors & Affiliation:</strong> Ma. Cristina SJ Liwanag1 and Gil P. Soriano2 1 School of Medical Technology, Centro Escolar University 2 College of Nursing, San Beda University tina_medtech@yahoo.com, gil.p.soriano@gmail.com  <strong>ABSTRACT:</strong> The World Health Organization (WHO) has ranked green leafy vegetables as one of the highest priorities among fresh vegetables in terms of microbiological hazards. The study aimed

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

32

Kalgo, Zaharaddin M., Binta M. Amin, Bashir Muhammed, and Habeeb K. Saka. "Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection at the general outpatient department of some hospitals in Kebbi State, Nigeria." Microbes, Infection and Chemotherapy 2 (December 9, 2022): e1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.54034/mic.e1549.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The rise in antibiotic resistance could be a growing public health concern among agents of respiratory tract infection, which is liable for morbidity, mortality, and costs in Africa. This study was designed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) attending some Kebbi State, Nigeria hospitals. Three hundred and fifty sputum samples were collected from consented patients with the symptoms of LRTI attending six different hospitals in Kebbi State. The samples were all screened for significant bacterial g

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

33

Alasmary, Mohammed Yahia. "Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and ESBL of Uropathogens Isolated from Adult Females in Najran Region of Saudi Arabia." Clinics and Practice 11, no. 3 (2021): 650–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clinpract11030080.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: To explore the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among female patients in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia and determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methods: This study was conducted on 136 urine samples collected from outpatient departments (OPDs) of the different government hospitals in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia. Over one year, the results of susceptibility testing reports of outpatient midstream urine samples from three government hospitals were prospectively evaluated. Results: Of 136 urine samples, only 123 (90.45%) were found to show significa

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

34

Sapkota, Bharat, Ram Krishna Bhandari, and Bishnu Raj Tiwari. "Susceptibility Pattern of Gram Negative Urine Pathogens with Exclusion of Escherichia coli to Quinolone/ Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 2 (2015): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i2.12119.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Quinolone/Fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). Because of high frequency of Gram negative bacterial infection in UTI and emerging resistant urinary pathogen in spite of lower prevalence with exclusion of Escherichia coli, the susceptibility pattern was subjected in this study. The study was conducted at National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) Teku, Kathmandu with an objective to study the antibiotic Quinolone/Fluoroquinolones susceptibility pattern. Out of 550 urine samples, 100 (18.18%) bacteria were isolated from NPHL.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

35

Gopalan, Ushadevi, Sathiyakala Rajendiran, Karthika Jayakumar, and Ranganathan Karnaboopathy. "Composition of Vaginal microbiota and their antibiotic susceptibility in symptomatic women." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 2 (2017): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170190.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is the most prevalent lower genital tract infection in women of reproductive age. The aim of this study was to identify the causative organism in patients with vaginal discharge and to study the sensitivity of the organism to antibiotics.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care hospital over a period of two years. 2062 women with complaints of vaginal discharge were subjected to a high vaginal swab and the sample was cultured, the organisms were identified and antibiotic susceptibility was

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

36

Manandhar, Ruchee, Bijendra Raj Raghubanshi, Moni Mahato, Sweekrity Neupane, and Rajni Lama. "Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Urine Culture Isolates from Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre in Lalitpur." Birat Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (2020): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v5i1.29602.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a microbial infection of the urinary system involving the urinary tract anywhere from kidney to urethra. It is one of the most common bacterial infections affecting men and women in developing countries with a high rate of morbidity and financial cost. Objectives: The objective of our study is to study the prevalence of UTI in patients attending KIST Medical College & Teaching Hospital (KISTMCTH), and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria thus isolated. Methodology: A total of 3742 urine samples from patien

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

37

Pandeya, Upendra, Mithileshwor Raut, Saru Bhattarai, Padam Raj Bhatt, and Puspa Raj Dahal. "Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Bacterial Isolates from Pus Samples in Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu." Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology 4 (November 16, 2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tujm.v4i0.21678.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Objectives: The main aim of the study was to isolate and identify the bacterial agent and to determine the susceptibility pattern of isolates to different antibiotics.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from February to October 2015 in microbiology laboratory of All Nepal Hospital Kathmandu, Nepal. The clinical specimens were processed for isolation and identification of bacteria following standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates were determined according to CLSI guidelines (CLSI 2014)Results: A total of 271 clinical specimens were processe

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

38

Nirmal, Kirti, Narendra Pal Singh, Krishna Sarkar, Nisha Goyal, Seema Gangar, and Aditya Nath Dwivedi. "Colistin Susceptibility Testing by Colistin Broth Disk Elution MIC Method among Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Blood Culture Clinical Isolates in a Tertiary Care Setting, East Delhi, India." Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences 33, no. 5 (2023): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.4.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern for bloodstream infections (BSIs), especially with the emergence of multidrug- resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we aimed to assess the pattern of colistin susceptibility using the colistin broth disc elution (CBDE) method among carbapenem-resistant gram-negative clinical isolates from blood cultures in a high burden tertiary healthcare setting in East Delhi. Methods: A total of 106 carbapenem-resistant gram-negative clinical isolates were tested. The most common isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia c

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

39

Titsamp, Carole Suzie Lacmago, Hortense Kamga Gonsu, and Simon Ngamli Fewou. "Bloodstream infections initiated by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in neonates and infants at two hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 3 (2021): 1222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i3.27.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Early diagnosis and probabilistic antibiotic therapy based on known bacterial ecology and antibiotic sensibility can reduce mortality and morbidity in pathologies caused by a bacterial infection. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from blood cultures of neonates and infants population. We conducted a cross-sectional study during which pathogenic bloodstream isolates were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed on Escherichia coli isolates and phenotypic confirmation of ES

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

40

Thapa, Eliza, Roshan Thapa, Anjana Singh, Bharat Mani Pokharel, and Upendra Devkota. "Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Post- Tracheostomised Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 21, no. 1 (2016): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v21i1.16064.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The bacterial profile and their drug susceptibility pattern was studied in post-tracheostomised patients admitted in National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences. Identification of organisms was done by standard microbiological techniques and antibiogram was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory standard (CLSI) guidelines. Significant growth was observed in 58.6% samples with polymicrobial growth in 19.5% samples among the total positive cultures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant organism (34.2%) followed by Acinetobacter spp. (

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

41

Ermakov, Vladimir, and Nikolai Titov. "Persistence factors and antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteria isolated from various animal species." BIO Web of Conferences 52 (2022): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225200005.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

During the study, we isolated 575 strains of enterobacteria from various animal species belonging to the genus Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Proteus, Providencia, Hafnia, Morganella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, Erwinia, Kluyvera, Yersinia. In farm animals, the amount of transient pathogenic enterobacteria Salmonella enteritidis and Yersinia enterocolitica did not exceed 0.22-0.12%. Among wild animals, the proportion of pathogenic Salmonella enteritidis and Yersinia enterocolitica did not exceed 0.24-0.11%, while Shigella dysenteriae and Shigella flexneri were isolated

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

42

Naftali, Kibela, and Kennedy D. Mwambete. "Bacteriological Quality of Ready to Eat Vegetable Salads Vended in Ilala District Markets and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles of Isolated Contaminant Bacteria." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 35, no. 31 (2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i317463.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Aim: To determine level of bacterial contaminants and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of bacteria isolated from read-to-eat salads (RTES). Study Design: An experimental cross-sectional study was conducted in three localities of Ilala District in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania). Methodology: Twenty-four RTES samples were bought from randomly chosen fast food centers. RTE salads were analyzed at the Pharmaceutical Microbiology Laboratory. The total viable counts (TVC) were determined, and the standard procedures for microbial identification were performed and confirmed by physiological t

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

43

STOCK, INGO, and BERND WIEDEMANN. "Natural antibiotic susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, K. planticola, K. ornithinolytica and K. terrigena strains." Journal of Medical Microbiology 50, no. 5 (2001): 396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-50-5-396.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

44

Savage, Timothy, Shun Rao, Jill Joerger, Al Ozonoff, Alexander McAdam, and Thomas Sandora. "97. Assessment of the accuracy of direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing from positive blood cultures in pediatric patients and its utility as an antimicrobial stewardship tool." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S63—S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.142.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background Hospitalized pediatric patients with bacteremia receive broad-spectrum antibiotics while organism identification and antibiotic susceptibilities are pending. Direct susceptibility testing (DST) using unstandardized Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion provides early results before standardized (final) antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is available. The accuracy of DST in comparison with AST has been poorly studied. If DST is highly accurate, it could facilitate earlier de-escalation of antibiotics. Methods Retrospective cohort study of all positive blood cultures at Boston C

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

45

Halilu, Hafiz, Abdulmumin Ibrahim Sulaiman, Adamu Garba Yusuf, Mohammad Abdullahi, Muhammad Maimadu Barma, and Ibrahim Abdurrasul. "Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from Ear Swabs Specimens in a Tertiary Health Facility, North-eastern Nigeria." Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 10, no. 2 (2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v10i2.751.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

An ear infection is among the common diseases in children. There is an increased rate of antimicrobial resistance to pathogens that cause ear infections worldwide. We analyzed two years of data on bacterial isolates associated with suspected cases of ear infection and their antibiotic-resistant patterns. All records on ear swabs (n= 134) sent for culture and sensitivity, at the medical microbiology laboratory of a tertiary Health Facility in Northeastern Nigeria, from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed. The patients’ socio-demographic information, bacteria isolated, antibiotics tested, and their sensi

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

46

Kanarek, Piotr, Barbara Breza-Boruta, and Tomasz Bogiel. "In the Depths of Wash Water: Isolation of Opportunistic Bacteria from Fresh-Cut Processing Plants." Pathogens 13, no. 9 (2024): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090768.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The fruit and vegetable industry in post-harvest processing plants is characterized by a substantial consumption of water resources. Wash waters may serve as an environment for the periodic or permanent habitation of microorganisms, particularly if biofilm forms on the inner walls of tanks and flushing channels. Despite the implementation of integrated food safety monitoring systems in numerous countries, foodborne pathogens remain a global public health and food safety concern, particularly for minimally processed food products such as vegetables and fruits. This necessitates the importance o

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

47

Mutuku, Christopher, Szilvia Melegh, Krisztina Kovacs та ін. "Characterization of β-Lactamases and Multidrug Resistance Mechanisms in Enterobacterales from Hospital Effluents and Wastewater Treatment Plant". Antibiotics 11, № 6 (2022): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11060776.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Antimicrobials in wastewater promote the emergence of antibiotic resistance, facilitated by selective pressure and transfer of resistant genes. Enteric bacteria belonging to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter species (n = 126) from hospital effluents and proximate wastewater treatment plant were assayed for susceptibility to four antimicrobial classes. The β-lactamase encoding genes harbored in plasmids were genotyped and the plasmids were sequenced. A multidrug resistance phenotype was found in 72% (n = 58) of E. coli isolates, 7

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

48

Kayastha, Karuna, Binod Dhungel, Shovana Karki та ін. "Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species in Pediatric Patients Visiting International Friendship Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal". Infectious Diseases: Research and Treatment 13 (січень 2020): 117863372090979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178633720909798.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: Emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat and significantly affects the treatment options for common infectious diseases. Inappropriate use of antibiotics, particularly third-generation cephalosporins, has contributed to the development of AMR. This study aims to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at International Friendship Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, from August 20

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

49

Popovici, Raluca. "SOME DATA REGARDING THE INCIDENCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DIFFERENT PATHOGENS INVOLVED IN UTI." Romanian Archives of Microbiology and Immunology 81, no. 4 (2022): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54044/rami.2022.04.03.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Objectives. The urinary tract infections (UTIs) is the most common type of infection, after respiratory tract infections, being more common in women, approximately 50-60% of whom have at least one episode of UTI during their lifetime. Other risk factors are old age, diabetes, kidney stones, urinary tract obstructions, and procedures such as urinary catheterization. Uropathogenic strains of E. coli are most commonly implicated in the etiopathogenesis of UTI, other pathogens being represented by Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, g

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

50

Yadav, Surendra Prasad, Puspa Raj Dahal, Shiv Nandan Sah, and Vijay Kumar Sharma. "Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections among Postmenopausal Women Visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal." Himalayan Journal of Science and Technology 2 (December 1, 2018): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hijost.v2i0.25841.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases encountered worldwide and is a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal from February to July, 2014. A total of 353 midstream urine samples were collected from postmenopausal women visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. The samples were examined by microscopically and culture methods. The isolated organisms were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Ba

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!