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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Low and middle-income countries (LMICs)”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 2 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

De, Leeuw Kirran. "A systematic review of digital health tools used for decision support by frontline health workers (FLHWs) in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs)." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31402.

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In in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC), where there are very few trained physicians and nurses, community health workers (CHWs) are often the only providers of healthcare to millions of people. Such LMIC are countries that are classified, based on their geographic region and Gross National Income (GNI), as low-middle income by the World Bank Group, the worlds largest development bank. Research has shown digital health tools to be an effective strategy to improve the performance of frontline line health workers. The aim of this review was to systematically examine the literature on digita

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Abraham, Opare. "School Vision Screening Programs In Reducingchildren With Uncorrected Refractive Error In Low And Middle-income Countries (Lmic)(Systematic Review)." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31171.

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Background: The prevalence of uncorrected refractive error among school-age children is on the rise with a detrimental effect on academic performance and socio-economic status of those affected. School vision screening appears to be an effective way of identifying children with uncorrected refractive error so early intervention can be made. Despite the increasing popularity of school vision screening programs in recent times, there is a lot of debate on its effectiveness in reducing the proportion of children with uncorrected refractive error in the long term especially in settings where resou

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Liu, Zhaorui. "Economic costs of dementia in low and middle income countries." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/economic-costs-of-dementia-in-low-and-middle-income-countries(9d90e06c-022d-4db0-a877-e84f859531e4).html.

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The aim of the study is to assess the impact of dementia in low and middle income countries (LAMICs) on service and family costs and to assess the impact of dependency and other factors on costs. A prevalence-based bottom up cost-of-illness study was carried out using the database of the 10/66 dementia project in seven LAMICs (11sites, n=15,022). The total cost was divided into cost of medical care, informal care and paid home care. The perspective of costs included both the public and private level. Cost of medical care at the private level was the out-of-pocket expenses. Health service use w

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Sinclair, David Jonathan. "Towards evidence-based malaria guidelines in low- and middle-income countries." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98542/.

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This PhD submission presents a case study of an academic group working as infomediaries at the interface between research and global policy, and at the interface between global policy and national decisions: advising on methodological issues, conducting systematic evidence reviews in response to information needs, and developing approaches for reinterpreting global guidance for national decision-making. The included systematic reviews were among the first to adopt innovative elements such as: summary of findings tables, standardized language reflecting the level of certainty in effect estimate

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Owusu, Daniel, Megan Quinn, K. Wang, J. Aibangbee, S. Veeranki, and H. Mamudu. "Intention to Quit Smoking in 14 Low and Middle Income Countries." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6790.

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Blecher, Evan. "The economics of tobacco control in low- and middle-income countries." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10115.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-189).<br>Global best practice in tobacco control policy is anchored by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control which recommends that countries use, amongst other things, tax increases and advertising bans to reduce tobacco consumption. Furthermore, this is supplemented by various policy documents and technical manuals produced by the World Health Organisation and the World Bank which provide a more thorough justification of these policy measures. This thesis seeks to examine the application of these tobacco control policy measures on tobacco cons

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Forsberg, Birger C. "Diarrhoeal diseases in low- and middle-income countries : trends, management and control /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-263-7/.

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Houweling, Antonia Jannetje. "Socio-economic inequaltities in childhood mortality in low and middle income countries." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11023.

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Burns, Darren. "Foreign direct investment and population health in low and middle income countries." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/67678/.

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Opinions are divided on the health impacts of multi-national corporations (MNCs), and their foreign direct investment (FDI) projects in low and middle income countries (LMICs). MNCs in LMICs have been associated with unsafe or unsanitary working conditions, pollution, and aggressively marketing of unhealthy foods. This suggests a harmful impact on population health. Yet, FDI also generates employment, income, and growth, implying some benefits to population health. FDI flows may not be the only factor determining their ultimate impact on health. It is currently unclear whether FDI into differe

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SROUR, ILINA MOUSTAFA. "TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND EMPLOYMENT IN MIDDLE AND LOW INCOME COUNTRIES." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/4373.

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Negli anni ’80, paesi in via di sviluppo (DCs) e paesi meno sviluppati (PMS) hanno subito cambiamenti strutturali, muovendosi da politiche di sostituzione di importazione a strategie di liberalizzazione. Questi paesi hanno assistito ad una crescita dinamica risultata dall’aumento della produttività dovuto alla maggiore esposizione delle industrie locali alla concorrenza, dall'aumento delle importazioni tecnologiche incarnate in capitale e in beni intermedi, e ad una maggiore diffusione di conoscenze e informazioni. Questo lavoro esamina come liberalizzazione commerciale ed aggiornamento tecnol

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SROUR, ILINA MOUSTAFA. "TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND EMPLOYMENT IN MIDDLE AND LOW INCOME COUNTRIES." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/4373.

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Negli anni ’80, paesi in via di sviluppo (DCs) e paesi meno sviluppati (PMS) hanno subito cambiamenti strutturali, muovendosi da politiche di sostituzione di importazione a strategie di liberalizzazione. Questi paesi hanno assistito ad una crescita dinamica risultata dall’aumento della produttività dovuto alla maggiore esposizione delle industrie locali alla concorrenza, dall'aumento delle importazioni tecnologiche incarnate in capitale e in beni intermedi, e ad una maggiore diffusione di conoscenze e informazioni. Questo lavoro esamina come liberalizzazione commerciale ed aggiornamento tecnol

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Allaby, Martin Arnold Kenworthy. "Economic inequality, corruption and the Christian churches in low- and middle-income countries." Thesis, Oxford Centre for Mission Studies, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.732940.

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Nindl, Elisabeth. "An empirical assessment of Fairtrade: A perspective for low-and middle-income countries?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4069/1/wp160.pdf.

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This paper presents the first cross-country empirical evidence on the determinants of participation in Fairtrade and the impact of the export of Fairtrade certified products on agricultural growth in low- and middle-income countries. Using the number of certified producer organizations per country in 2006-2010 as a proxy for Fairtrade exports, estimation results indicate a small but significantly positive effect on the growth rate of per capita value added in agriculture that is largest in upper middle income countries. Given the particularly poverty-reducing effect of agricultural growt

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Diaconu, Karin-Daniela. "Methods for medical device and equipment procurement in low and middle-income countries." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7063/.

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40-70% of medical devices and equipment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are broken, unused or unfit for purpose: ad-hoc, undiscerning and inefficient procurement methods and processes contribute towards this problem. This thesis presents the findings of four original studies on medical device and equipment procurement within LMICs. Chapter I reports findings of a systematic literature review on procurement and prioritization methods; recommendations from reviewed literature are synthesised. Chapter II describes fieldwork conducted in The Gambia and Romania to explore the processes

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Sosa-Ortiz, Ana Luisa. "Constructs underlying mild cognitive impairment of relevance to low and middle income countries." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/constructs-underlying-mild-cognitive-impairment-of-relevance-to-low-and-middle-income-countries(894f3523-9196-47cb-91ab-6b7e4aa6b037).html.

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Background: Numbers of older people are increasing rapidly in most low and middle income countries and there is a pressing need for adequate information on dementia and cognitive disorders in these regions. Mild cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as an important ‘transition’ prior to dementia onset, but is poorly understood outside Western settings, as are key constructs underlying this concept: namely, subjective memory complaints, informant-reported memory deficits and the relationship between cognition and disability. Methods: Data were analysed in relation to these questions f

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Adegbosin, Adeyinka E. "Equity in Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in Low and Middle-Income Countries." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/405631.

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Reproductive, Maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) coverage in Low and Middle- Income Countries (LMIC) have improved over the past few decades. However, coverage distribution remains inequitable. Despite relative improvement in coverage of RMNCH services, there is still a disproportionately high level of preventable maternal and child mortality in LMIC. Many of these preventable child deaths are also due to poor quality of care and interventions. Although a significant amount of work has been done in measuring RMNCH intervention coverage, very little work has been done in assessing the q

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Taylor, Jennifer. "Exploring Pediatric Healthcare Initiatives of Non-Governmental Organizations in Low-and Middle-Income Countries." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40670.

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Objective: To explore and describe how healthcare non-governmental organizations provide and evaluate programs and services that result in positive and sustainable health outcomes in children and adolescents living in low-and middle-income countries and to better understand the role of nursing within these organizations. Scoping Review: A scoping review informed by the Arksey & O’Malley framework was completed to explore the research on the delivery of pediatric health services by non-governmental organizations in low-and middle-income countries. Qualitative Study: Semi-structured interviews

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Calistus, Wilunda. "Caesarean delivery and anaemia risk in children in 45 low- and middle- income countries." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232310.

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Barroy, Hélène. "Toward Universal Health Coverage : Assessing Health Financing Reforms in Low and Middle Income Countries." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10459.

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La Couverture Santé Universelle (CSU) vise permettre à chaque individu d’utiliser les services de santé dont il a besoin sans risque de ruine financière ou d’appauvrissement. Bien que le concept de CSU offre un cadre directeur important pour une nation, tous les pays, quel que soit leur niveau de revenu, sont aux prises avec la réalisation ou le maintien de la couverture universelle. Dans ce contexte, générer des preuves sur les expériences des pays et partager les leçons sur les principales contraintes et les choix stratégiques utilisés pour surmonter les barrières techniques serait susceptib

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Pennellini, Sara <1989&gt. "Appropriate technologies and natural systems for wastewater treatment in low- and middle-income countries." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10372/1/Ph.D.%20Thesis_SaraPennellini_final_version.pdf.

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Wastewater management is an environmental and social burden that primarily affects populations in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and the global environment. Wastewater collection, treatment, and reuse have become urgent, especially considering that 80% of the world's wastewater is untreated or improperly treated and discharged directly into water bodies. In recent years, the role of wastewater treatment plants in a sustainable water cycle has become even more critical, as they are the final destination of the collected wastewater. Indeed, the management of wastewater treatment plants shoul

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Chundu, Mwanja. "Perceived parenting style and suicidal/Non-suicidal self-Injury in students at the University of Cape Town." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33601.

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Background: Low- and middle-income countries like South Africa carry the greatest suicide burden, with local general population suicide attempt rates of 2.9–22.7%, in comparison to 0.7–9% in international literature. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) commonly co-occurs with suicidal behaviours and estimates range from 5.5% internationally to 19.4% in South Africa. As a subgroup of the general population, university students are at higher risk both of suicidal behaviours and NSSI (S/NSSI). Risk factors for S/NSSI include parenting style; however, very little is known about the relationship betwee

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Samuelsson, Emma. "Using activity theory to describe patient safety : How Region Östergötland supports patient safety development in a low and middle-income country’s healthcare system." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170095.

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Region Östergötland engages in many international collaborations as a way to exchange knowledge and insights with other organizations. The organization has had a collaboration focused on patient safety with Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya, since 2015. Kenya is considered a low and middle-income country, while Sweden is considered a high-income country. The aim of this study was to describe patient safety development using activity theory, with a special focus on how Region Östergötland supports patient safety development in a low and middle-income country’s healthcare syst

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Curto, Tirado Ariadna 1987. "Exposure to air pollution and links with cardiometabolic health in low- and middle-income countries." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666202.

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The aims of this thesis are: 1) to evaluate the performance of low-cost air quality monitors to monitor long-term exposure in rural areas from low- and middle-income countries; 2) to identify the determinants of personal air pollution exposure among women from a semi-rural area in Mozambique; and 3) to evaluate the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cardiometabolic health in adults from a peri-urban area in India. We used data from: an experimental study, an observational study, and a cross-sectional epidemiologic study (CHAI). Main results: 1) the performance

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Dorvil, Louigueur. "Private sector participation in integrated sustainable solid waste management in low- and middle income countries." kostenfrei, 2007. http://www.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3381.

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Tapsoba, Palingwindé Yann. "Sustainable health financing for progress towards universal health coverage in low- and middle-income countries." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD022/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse aux questions de soutenabilité dans le financement de la santé au sein des pays à revenus faible et intermédiaire. Elle est articulée autour de quatre chapitres. Les deux premiers chapitres proposent respectivement d’explorer les déterminants de l’efficience technique des dépenses de santé et de leur niveau par habitant dans les pays à revenus faible et intermédiaire. Le premier chapitre analyse l’effet de l’ouverture commerciale sur l’efficience technique des dépenses de santé. Le second chapitre étudie l’effet de la pollution de l’air sur les dépenses de santé. Dans l

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Walker, Damian. "Efficiency of primary health care in low and middle-income countries : case studies from Bangladesh." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2006. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/878721/.

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Most of the research concerned with the economics of health systems has focussed on allocative efficiency. Specifically, much effort has been devoted to the development and application of techniques of economic evaluation. The consideration of technical efficiency has figured less prominently in the search for 'solutions' to the problems of health systems. Those working on the economic evaluation of health care interventions have adopted the assumption that interventions are being, or will be, produced in a technically efficient manner. The aim of this thesis is to challenge this assumption an

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Shine, Ritta Sabbas. "Donor funding and crowding out of public spending: Evidence from low and middle-income countries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29047.

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In many low-resource settings agricultural output and public spending on agriculture are in decline, raising questions about the effectiveness of agricultural aid. To understand why these trends are occurring, we examined factors that affect the share of government spending on agriculture. Using a sample of 66 low- and middle-income countries from 1996-2010 we use dynamic panel regression models to explore: (1) the impact of agricultural aid on public expenditure to agriculture, and (2) the impact of aid on domestic resource mobilisation, which indirectly affects public expenditures. Our resul

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Amponsah-Dacosta, Edina. "Health systems constraints and facilitators of national immunization programs in low- and middle- income countries." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31311.

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Like most health interventions, National Immunization Programs (NIPs) are embedded within health systems. This means that NIPs and health systems exist in a constant interaction. Vaccine preventable diseases are widely recognized as the chief cause of morbidity, disability and mortality worldwide and NIPs are understood to be one of the most cost-effective interventions against this burden. In low and middle- income countries (LMICs), where the burden of disease is high, NIPs have been reported to perform at suboptimal levels. It has been suggested that this suboptimal performance of NIPs can

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Reddell, Autumn. "Assessing the Impact of Educational Attainment on Development Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1493655904248496.

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Schmidtke, David. "Applying Social Marketing Principles in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Design Thinking Research Approach." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/417373.

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This thesis will explore how social marketing principles can be applied to address challenges facing citizens in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs), answering the call for more studies to integrate the perspectives of LMIC citizens into social marketing theory and practice (Gordon et al., 2016). Despite social marketing’s history and increasing use to improving societal problems (Glanz, 1997), a research agenda integrating voices of LMIC citizens into social marketing theory and practice is needed (Gordon et al., 2016). The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Report (2020)

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Yu, Weiyu. "Spatial analysis and modelling of drinking water service in low and lower-middle income countries." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422173/.

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Drinking water is a basic necessity and plays a vital role in improving general health and wellbeing. Following recognition of the essential human right to drinking water, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have included a dedicated Goal 6 (Target 6.1) for drinking water, which addresses a broad range of issues such as availability, accessibility, water quality, and inequalitiesin service. The expanded need for more sophisticated SDG monitoring therefore places high demands on data sources. By combining spatial analysis and modelling techniques with water point data sets, this study proposes

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Nnorom, Chinonso Esther. "Health System Predictors of Access to Maternal Health Medicines In Low and Middle Income Countries." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4396.

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The strength of health systems predict access to medicines that prevent death from pregnancy related complications (essential maternal health medicines). But little is known about the relative impact of each health system building block on access. This quantitative cross-sectional study applied Ishikawa model to examine the relative effect of health systems governance, facilities, service delivery, financing and medicine procurement and distribution (independent variables), on availability, affordability and accessibility (dependent variables) of maternal health medicines in resource poor sett

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Hoskins, S. J. "Monitoring the treatment and health of patients accessing HIV care in low and middle-income countries." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1434108/.

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Monitoring patient health in low and middle-income country HIV care programmes is challenging, as, without evidence, measurement tools derived from high-income country studies have been adapted and paper-based monitoring systems quickly developed. An accurate understanding of the population in care may be compromised. This thesis examines aspects of HIV care: access to Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT), prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD), and tools used to measure outcomes on antiretroviral therapy (ART). CPT access is frequently cited as being as low as 4% with few studies estim

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Hennegan, Julie. "Understanding interventions to improve menstrual health in low and middle income countries : evidence and future directions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4afbd97f-52fe-459c-b82e-57045e598363.

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<strong>Background</strong>. Menstrual health has emerged as an under recognised barrier to women and girls' dignity, health, education, and psychosocial wellbeing in low and middle income contexts. Interventions targeting this issue have seen increasing dissemination, despite little evidence for their effectiveness and sparse research to inform intervention development or evaluation. <strong>Objectives</strong>. 1) Appraise current evidence for the effectiveness of menstrual health interventions; 2) Evaluate the effectiveness of a reusable sanitary pad and puberty education intervention for g

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Owusu, Daniel, Ke Sheng Wang, Megan Quinn, Jocelyn Aibangbee, Rijo M. John, and Hadii M. Mamudu. "Health Care Provider Intervention and Utilization of Cessation Assistance in 12 Low- and Middle-Income Countries." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty028.

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Background and Aim: There is a need to improve utilization of cessation assistance in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and tobacco cessation research has been identified as priority in LMICs. This study evaluates the relationship between health care provider intervention and cessation assistance utilization in LMICs. Methods: Data from 13 967 participants (aged ≥15 years, 90.3% males) of the Global AdultsTobacco Survey conducted in 12 LMICs (74.3%-97.3% response rates) were analyzed with utilization of counseling/cessation clinic, WHO-recommended medications, and quitline as outcome v

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Schoeman, Fransien. "Digital tools for training frontline health workers in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30913.

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The World Health Organization (WHO) has forecast a global shortage of health workers by 2030, predominantly affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This sits in tension with the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 3 (healthy lives and well-being) through universal health coverage (UHC). To address this problem, the WHO encourages task shifting, recruitment, training, and deployment of health workers. In lowand middle-income countries (LMICs), frontline health workers (FLHWs) are responsible for expanding the reach of the health system and providing crucial reproductiv

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Raga, Sharika Vinod. "Epileptic Spasms: Evidence for oral corticosteroids and implications for low and middle income countries (Systematic Review)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32480.

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Implementation of international guidelines for the treatment of epileptic spasms, is challenging when access to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and vigabatrin is restricted, especially in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). Oral corticosteroids are alternative interventions but evidence for the optimal agent, dose, duration, efficacy and long-term effects are lacking. A systematic review of the literature was performed to assess the quality of evidence of prednisone and prednisolone (oral corticosteroids) for the management of epileptic spasms. There is level C recommendation based on

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Chu, Yoosun. "Civic Engagement and Its Relationship with Subjective Well-Being among Low-Income Individuals: A Two-Level Cross-National Analysis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108100.

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Thesis advisor: Ce Shen<br>Civic engagement, involving people in public processes to achieve common goals, has received increased attention in the past several decades. This renewed interest was triggered by the seeming decline in civic engagement, particularly in the context of Western societies including the U.S. In addition, its potentially positive effects, such as psychological well-being at the individual level, have recently received much attention. Low-income people in developing countries suffer from double discrimination: first, the lack of opportunities to participate in civic matte

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Fröschl, Günter [Verfasser]. "Enabling researchers in low- and middle-income-countries to define their local health research agenda / Günter Fröschl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233201387/34.

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Owusu, Daniel, Megan Quinn, Ke Sheng Wang, Jocelyn Aibangbee, and Hadii M. Mamudu. "Intentions to Quit Tobacco Smoking in 14 Low- and Middle-Income Countries Based on the Transtheoretical Model*." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6780.

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Introduction: Over 80% of the world’s one billion tobacco smokers reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); therefore, it is important to understand factors that promote intention to quit smoking in these countries. This study evaluated factors associated with three stages of intention to quit tobacco smoking among adults in LMICs. Methods: Data from 43,540 participants of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 14 LMICs were analyzed. Intentions to quit smoking were categorized into precontemplation (referent category), contemplation, and preparation stages based on the transtheoretical

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Abdullahi, Leila Hussein. "Public stewardship of private for-profit health care in low- and middle-income countries : a systematic review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12349.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>There is growing concern that health care provided in the private sector is not always of high technical quality. Given the need to work with the private sector to increase access to services, various strategies have been proposed that governments can employ to engage the private sector in service provision. These include regulation, contracting, financing and social marketing, training, and coordination. These interventions are generally applied in combination to reach two important goals: (1) improving the quality of care delivered by existing service

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Christou, Aliki. "Towards Improved Data and Understanding of Stillbirth Determinants in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Insights from Afghanistan." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21161.

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The limited availability and low-quality of national-level data to understand stillbirth determinants in low- and middle-income countries is a major barrier to stillbirth prevention efforts globally. Data for producing stillbirth estimates in these settings generally come from national household surveys due to the high proportion of women that give birth at home, and because of inadequate or absent civil and vital registration systems. There are several quality concerns with stillbirth data from household surveys, particularly around under-reporting and misclassification, which affect the reli

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Imison, Michelle. "‘Disease, disaster and despair’? health stories from low- and middle-income countries in the Australian news media." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10214.

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The mass media in high-income nations remain a crucial source of news and information. In relation to health, coverage is dominated by a medical perspective and an individualised view of illness that neglects public health. With regard to foreign news, previous research has shown that reporting tends to be narrow in scope, focused on nations that are significant to the country for which coverage is being produced and usually has an aspect of domestic relevance. These patterns are especially pronounced in relation to news from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the coverage of which has

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Griffiths, Ulla Kou. "Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in low- and middle-income countries : impact, costs and incremental cost-utility." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2869500/.

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Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is an infectious bacterium transmitted from person to person through close contact. Hib can cause meningitis, pneumonia and a number of rarer forms of disease, primarily in children less than five years. Hib conjugate vaccines became available during the early 1990s and high-income countries quickly introduced this vaccine into their routine programmes and have now achieved a near disappearance of Hib disease. However, relatively high vaccine prices and uncertainties about Hib disease burden led to a slow uptake in low- and middle-income countries. The aim o

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Wijesinghe, Sanath Sameera. "Towards global policy coherence for tobacco plain packaging: Examining the challenges for low-and middle-income countries." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/213227/1/Sanath%20Sameera%20Wijesinghe_Wijesinghe%20Arachchilage_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis examines the implementation gap of tobacco plain packaging measures between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries, looking at the likely challenges that low- and middle-income countries face in implementing plain packaging measures. The thesis identifies three key challenges: resource constraints, intense tobacco industry interference and the threat of litigation for purported breaches of intellectual property rights. This thesis makes strong recommendations for how the global community and international law and policy can support low- and middle-income countri

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Farooq, Saeed. "The impact of untreated psychosis in low and middle income (LAMI) countries and a paradigm for early intervention." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2012. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/1923/.

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This thesis is based on 13 papers published in peer reviewed journals. These include studies on epidemiology and treatment of major psychotic disorders, and metanalysis of studies on Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) and its relationship with the Gross Domestic Product and the outcome in Low and Middle Income (LAMI) countries. Based on this research that highlighted the extent and impact of untreated psychosis, a series of papers presented a novel approach for early intervention in psychosis in LAMI countries. The final paper presents the randomised controlled trial evaluating this approac

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Glasberg, Sara. "Interventions for children at risk of developmental delay in Low- and Middle income countries : A systematic litterature review." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, CHILD, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30644.

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Due to poverty and a lack of stimulation, many children living in Low- and Middle income countries suffer from developmental delay and do not develop to their full potential. Yet, remarkable recovery is often possible given that early interventions are available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to find out what could be done to decrease the gap between the current development and the developmental potential among children aged 0-8 years, living in Low –and Middle income countries. The research questions were the following: What intervention programs are provided by communities

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Heise, Lori L. "Determinants of partner violence in low and middle-income countries : exploring variation in individual and population-level risk." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2012. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682451/.

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Background: Lack of understanding of factors that contribute to an individual woman's risk of partner violence as well as factors that collectively account for the distribution of violence across settings, continues to compromise efforts to design effective prevention programs. Likewise, key methodological questions remain unanswered, most notably how best to conceptualize, capture, and measure partner violence for the purposes of research. This thesis attempts to bridge these gaps by analyzing the risk and protective factors of partner violence across a variety of low and middle-income settin

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Kayesa, Naomi Karen. "The role of document reviews in health policy analysis among low and middle-income countries: a systematic review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29236.

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Background: Health policy analysis (HPA) is a central component of health systems research (HSR) and contributes significantly to the understanding of health systems reforms including their successes and failures. In most HPA studies, document reviews feature as one of the widely used data collecting methods, especially in retrospective policy analyses. Literature indicates that a substantial number of HPA studies conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are informed by interactive data collection methods such as interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and observations as well

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Adebayo, Esther. "Factors that affect uptake of community-based health insurance in low- and middle- income countries: a systematic review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6022.

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