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Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Mating tactics

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Mating tactics”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 3 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Mating tactics"

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Dyson, Miranda L., i Patricia R. Y. Backwell. "Alternative mating tactics and male mating success in two species of fiddler crab". Behaviour 153, nr 12 (2016): 1403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003386.

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The use of alternative male mating tactics can determine the strength of sexual selection on male traits and have implications for sexual dimorphism. We examined size-based mating success in two species of fiddler crabs where males use each of two alternative tactics to obtain matings. InUca annulipes, larger males were more successful when using the primary mating tactic (burrow mating) but the full size range of males mated when using the secondary tactic (surface mating). InUca urvillei, both burrow and surface mating males were larger than the average sized male in the population. Standardised directional selection gradients indicated that selection on male size was stronger inU. urvilleithanU. annulipes, reflecting the differences between species in male mating success. Our results also showed that sexual size dimorphism was greater in the species with stronger sexual selection on male size than in the species with weaker sexual selection.

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Pintus, Eliana, Stefania Uccheddu, Knut H. Røed, Javier Pérez Gonzaléz, Juan Carranza, Mauri Nieminen i Øystein Holand. "Flexible mating tactics and associated reproductive effort during the rutting season in male reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, L. 1758)". Current Zoology 61, nr 5 (1.10.2015): 802–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.5.802.

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Abstract Polygynous males can change their mating tactics across their lifetime, but information is scarce on the flexibility of this trait within a given season and the relative costs and benefits of using different tactics. Here, we monitored individually marked male reindeer Rangifer tarandus and classified their mating tactics as harem-defense, sneaking, or mixed. The costs of the male reproductive effort were assessed using both direct (i.e. percentage of body mass lost) and indirect measures (i.e. activity patterns such as feeding, standing, and walking), while mating group size and reproductive success were recorded as mating effort benefits. Our results show that reindeer males may switch between the harem-defense and sneaking tactics throughout the same breeding season, providing further support to the notion that reproductive tactics are flexible in ungulates. The costs and benefits of male mating effort vary according to the mating tactic, reaching the highest values in harem-holders and the lowest values in sneaking males. Moreover, males who switched between the sneaking tactic and the harem-defence tactic tended to achieve higher mating success than males who consistently used the least costly tactic. Indeed, all harem-holders successfully sired offspring, whereas only two out of three mixed-tactic males sired one calf, and sneaking males did not sire any calves. In conclusion, our results show that reindeer males can modulate their mating efforts during the same breeding season by switching between the most costly harem-defense tactic and the least costly sneaking tactic, suggesting individual solutions to the balance between reproductive effort and mating opportunities.

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Horrell, R. I., i Helen Wild. "Mating tactics in rams". Applied Animal Behaviour Science 26, nr 3 (maj 1990): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(90)90166-b.

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Wilgers, Dustin J., Daniel Wickwire i Eileen A. Hebets. "Detection of predator cues alters mating tactics in male wolf spiders". Behaviour 151, nr 5 (2014): 573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003149.

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Males of the wolf spider, Rabidosa punctulata, exhibit condition-dependent alternative mating tactics, whereby small, poor condition males engage in multimodal courtship while large, good condition males adopt a direct mount tactic that forgoes courtship. This study explores the possibility that tactic-specific costs can help explain this unintuitive pattern of mating tactic expression. Specifically, we hypothesize that courtship signaling is costly with respect to eavesdropping by predators and that males can alter their tactic expression based upon the perceived environmental predation risk. We test this by first examining the risk of predation associated with different mating tactics. We use a co-occurring predatory heterospecific, R. rabida as our predator. We found support for the prediction that courting R. punctulata males tended to be attacked more often than non-courting males, and the likelihood of being attacked was best predicted by courtship activity. Given this documented cost, we hypothesized that R. punctulata males would adjust their mating tactic based upon perceived predation risk. In a second experiment, we manipulated perceived predation risk by providing R. punctulata males with different female silk cues (conspecific; predatory heterospecific; conspecific + predatory heterospecific) and examined mating tactic expression. In support of our hypothesis, males were more likely to adopt the direct mount tactic in the presence of predatory heterospecific or mixed silk cues and were more likely to court in the presence of conspecific cues. These results support the hypothesis that the cost of predation from eavesdroppers may influence the evolution and expression of male alternative mating tactics in R. punctulata.

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Johnson, Kristine, i Nancy Tyler Burley. "Mating Tactics and Mating Systems of Birds". Ornithological Monographs, nr 49 (styczeń 1998): 21–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40166717.

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Caudron, A. K., S. S. Negro, M. Fowler, L. Boren, P. Poncin, B. C. Robertson i N. J. Gemmell. "Alternative mating tactics in the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri): when non-territorial males are successful too". Australian Journal of Zoology 57, nr 6 (2009): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo09024.

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In polygynous mammals, the status of many males does not allow them to have a high social rank and theory predicts selection for alternative mating tactics. Alternative tactics were suggested to explain discrepancies between mating and paternity successes in several pinniped species. However, information on alternative tactics in fur seals is limited. Here, we focus on the polygynous New Zealand fur seal, Arctocephalus forsteri, predicting that competition for females is likely to cause a diversification of male mating tactics and that non-territorial tactics can yield reproductive success. We describe the behaviour of 38 males in a medium to large colony. Paternity success was assessed using CERVUS and PASOS, from a pool of 82 pups sampled at the study site and at neighbouring breeding areas. To see whether size is correlated with mating tactic, the length of 17 males was estimated using photogrammetry. Cluster analysis identified three male behavioural profiles: one corresponding to large territorial males and two illustrating alternative tactics employed by smaller non-territorial males. Of the 13 pups born at the study site that were assigned a father, eight were sired by three territorial males and five were sired by non-territorial males. Our study highlights that holding a territory is not a necessary condition for reproductive success in all otariids.

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Allen, J. Sabura, i Kent G. Bailey. "Are Mating Strategies and Mating Tactics Independent Constructs?" Journal of Sex Research 44, nr 3 (23.07.2007): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224490701443601.

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Neff, Bryan D., i Erik I. Svensson. "Polyandry and alternative mating tactics". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, nr 1613 (5.03.2013): 20120045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0045.

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Many species in the animal kingdom are characterized by alternative mating tactics (AMTs) within a sex. In males, such tactics include mate guarding versus sneaking behaviours, or territorial versus female mimicry. Although AMTs can occur in either sex, they have been most commonly described in males. This sex bias may, in part, reflect the increased opportunity for sexual selection that typically exists in males, which can result in a higher probability that AMTs evolve in that sex. Consequently, females and polyandry can play a pivotal role in governing the reproductive success associated with male AMTs and in the evolutionary dynamics of the tactics. In this review, we discuss polyandry and the evolution of AMTs. First, we define AMTs and review game theoretical and quantitative genetic approaches used to model their evolution. Second, we review several examples of AMTs, highlighting the roles that genes and environment play in phenotype expression and development of the tactics, as well as empirical approaches to differentiating among the mechanisms. Third, ecological and genetic constraints to the evolution of AMTs are discussed. Fourth, we speculate on why female AMTs are less reported on in the literature than male tactics. Fifth, we examine the effects of AMTs on breeding outcomes and female fitness, and as a source, and possibly also a consequence, of sexual conflict. We conclude by suggesting a new model for the evolution of AMTs that incorporates both environmental and genetic effects, and discuss some future avenues of research.

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Preece, T., Y. Mao, J. P. Garrahan i A. Davison. "Harmful Mating Tactics in Hermaphrodites". American Naturalist 173, nr 5 (maj 2009): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/597377.

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Clifton, Kenneth E., i D. Ross Robertson. "Risks of alternative mating tactics". Nature 366, nr 6455 (grudzień 1993): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/366520b0.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Mating tactics"

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Börger, Luca. "Roe deer mating tactics". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614310.

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Fu, Peng. "Sperm competition and alternative mating tactics in bluegill sunfish". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0015/MQ54204.pdf.

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Pateman-Jones, Christopher. "Sperm competition and male mating tactics in the bitterling fishes". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29741.

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Bitterling are a group of freshwater fishes that lay their eggs on the gills of living freshwater mussels, using the mussel as a protective environment for embryo development and utilising the mussels own respiration to ensure fertilisation. This unusual spawning mechanism, using a spawning site that can be easily manipulated, makes bitterling ideal of reinvestigating sperm competition and making system evolution. Here, using a range of bitterling species, a series of aquarium experiments were conducted, as well as morphological and histological studies of the sperm and testes. It was shown that males were highly sensitive to sperm competition, ejaculating at a higher frequency and subsequently becoming more sperm depleted where sperm competition was high. There were few differences between mating tactics except in relative testis size, where larger males had proportionally larger reproductive apparatus, but ejaculates were of a similar size. The timing of ejaculates was found to be crucial, with a peak in sperm concentration within the mussel mantle cavity 30 seconds after ejaculation. The spatial clustering of fertilisation opportunities and OSR were found to affect ejaculate frequency, ejaculate distribution among mussels, the dominance of gender males and subsequently the opportunity of subordinate males to sneak fertilisations. Significant differences in the spermatogenic strategy and the structure of the reproductive apparatus among species were identified, as well as significant differences between species in the morphology of spermatozoa.

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Le, Comber Steven Clive. "Alternative male mating tactics in the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409125.

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Larison, Brenda Jean. "Environmental heterogeneity and the evolution of alternative mating tactics in the damselfly, Protoneura amatoria". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1414117011&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Casalini, Mara. "Male mating tactics in the rose bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus) and European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus)". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3447.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the basis to male mating decisions in two related species of bitterling: Rhodeus ocellatus and R. amarus. Bitterling have a resource-based mating system; females lay eggs in the gills of live freshwater mussels and males fertilize the eggs by releasing sperm into the inhalant syphon of the mussel. Male bitterling perform courtship behaviour and aggressively defend mussels in a territory from which they exclude other males. Using laboratory and field experiments it was shown that male aggressive behaviour is inherited through additive maternal genes. Male aggression is also influenced by the number of conspecific males encountered in competition for a mussel, and by the degree of clustering of mussels. Limited availability of mussels results in stronger selection on traits males use in mating context: hence they are more aggressive, larger and more colourful. The differences in mating behaviours in different environments may indicate a conflict between male dominance and female choice, but have not led to reproductive isolation. Resource availability during ontogenesis and male density during embryogenesis, however, do not exert an effect on male aggressive behaviour. Red carotenoid-based nuptial coloration functions as an inter- and intra-sexual signal and undergoes rapid variation in response to changes in mating context. Male bitterling do not modulate their courtship and aggressive behaviour in response to variation in female size, and their choice of mussel species is influenced by, and consistent with, female oviposition choice.

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Johns, Julianna Leigh. "Coercive Male Mating Behavior in the Brush-Legged Wolf Spider Schizocosa Ocreata (Hentz)". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1196102632.

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Hongo, Shun. "Socioecology of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx): Mating and Feeding Tactics in a Primate with Extremely Large Group". Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217731.

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Negro, Sandra Silvia. "Reproductive ecology and life history trade-offs in a dimorphic polygynous mammal, the New Zealand fur seal". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2505.

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Polygyny is the most common mating system in mammalian species (95%), yet our understanding of polygynous systems and microevolutionary processes is still limited. Pinniped mating systems range from extreme polygyny (e.g. elephant seals) to sequential female defence by males and hence have often been used as models for mating system studies. Parentage analysis has enabled the examination of mating success, the identification of pedigrees, and the elucidation of social organisation, greatly enhancing our understanding of mating systems (Chapter 1). However, such analyses are not without pitfalls, with erroneous assignments common in open systems (i.e. when parental and offspring samplings are incomplete). We investigated the effects of the user-defined parameters on the accuracy of parental assignment using two commonly used parental allocation programme, CERVUS and PASOS (Chapter 2). We showed that inaccurate user-defined parameters in CERVUS and PASOS can lead to highly biased output e.g. the assignment rate at 95% CL of offspring with a sampled known mother to sampled males decreased from 58% to 32% when the proportion of candidate males sampled in the parameter options decreasing 4-fold. We found that the use of both CERVUS and PASOS for parentage assignment can increase the likelihood of correctly allocating offspring to sampled parents to 97% in our study system. Incorrect parental assignment can bias estimates of various biological parameters, such as lifetime reproductive success and mate choice preference, and hence bias ecological and evolutionary interpretations. Here, we propose solutions to increase the power of parentage assignment and hence decrease the bias in biological parameter estimates. In addition, we analysed the effects of the intrinsic bias in likelihood assignment approaches towards assigning higher probability of parentage on individuals with rare alleles and those with heightened offspring-parent matches, which increase with the number of homozygous loci (Chapter 3). We showed that, as a consequence of the algorithms employed in the programmes CERVUS and PASOS, heterozygote males with rare genotypes are assigned higher rates of parentage than males with common alleles. Consequently, where two males could both be biological fathers of a given offspring, parentage assignment will more often go to the male with the rarer alleles (most often in heterozygous loci). Thus, the commonly used parentage assignment methods may systematically bias the results of parentage analyses towards supporting the notion that females prefer more genetically unusual, most often heterozygous, males. Such a bias may sway investigators towards incorrectly supporting the concept that females choose genetically more unusual males for heterozygosity fitness benefits that underpin the good genes hypothesis, when in fact no such relationship may exist. In polygynous mammals, successful males mate with multiple females by competing with and limiting the access of other males to females. When the status of many males (age, size, health, genetic etc.) prevents them from achieving the primary mating tactic, theory predicts selection for a diversification of male mating tactics. Recent studies in pinnipeds have shown that observed male mating success was correlated to male paternity success in some species (elephant-seals), but not in others (grey seals). The existence of alternative mating strategies can explain those discrepancies. Chapter 4 implemented the guidelines provided in Chapter 2 and 3 and focused on the polygynous New Zealand fur seal Arctocephalus forsteri, predicting that 1) competition for females is likely to cause a diversification of male mating tactics; and 2) that alternative tactics can yield reproductive success. Our results indicated three male behavioural profiles; one corresponded to large territorial males and two illustrated a continuum of alternative tactics employed by non-territorial subordinate males. Our study highlights that holding a territory is not a necessary condition for reproductive success in a population of otariids. The degree of sexual size dimorphism in polygynous species is expected to increase with the degree of intra-sexual competition and in turn with the degree of polygyny. The life history of an individual is the pattern of resource allocations to growth, maintenance, and reproduction throughout its lifetime. Both females and males incur viability costs of mating and reproduction. However, male viability costs due to increase growth and male-male competition can be greater than female viability costs of mate choice and reproduction. Although an abundant literature on sexual dimorphism in morphology, physiology, and parasite infections is available, little is known on the intra-sexual differences in physiology and parasite infections associated to the reproductive success of different mating strategies in mammalian species. Chapter 5 examined the reproductive costs between territorial and subordinate males New Zealand fur seal related to their relative reproductive success using a multidisciplinary approach (behaviour, genetics, endocrinology, parasitology). We found that dominant New Zealand fur seal males endure higher reproductive costs due to the direct and indirect effects of high testosterone levels and parasite burdens. Our study highlights that holding a territory confers a higher reproductive success, but induces higher costs of reproduction that may impair survival. Understanding microevolutionary processes associated to polygynous systems is fundamental in light of the ongoing anthropogenic alteration of the environment through climatic variations and habitat reduction which ultimately affect opportunity for sexual selection and shape the life history trade-offs.

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Eckerström, Liedholm Simon. "Brain size does not affect reproductive behaviour in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata)". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-233401.

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The processes and mechanisms that govern brain size evolution remain a widely discussed topic in evolutionary biology. How relative brain size relates to animal behaviour and cognition is even more controversial. Recent comparative and experimental studies have shown a positive relationship between relative brain size and complexity of behaviour. Some of the most important behaviours that have direct consequences for an individual’s fitness are reproductive behaviours, and they sometimes require quite complex behavioural repertoires. Selection for complex behaviour might therefore induce an expansion of brain size to allow for cognitively demanding tasks during courtship and mating. In the present study we investigated the effect of relative brain size on reproductive behaviour in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata), using fish from a recently established brain size artificial selection experiment. Females were paired with either a large- or a small-brained male, and we collected data on a suite of male courtship behaviours including sneak copulation attempts, courtship display, gonopodial swings and time spent following the female. Although the extent of orange colouration, a trait that varies across large- and small-brained males, affected male behaviour, we were not able to detect any difference in reproductive behaviour between the brain size selection lines. These results suggest that there is no strong association between male mating behaviour and relative brain size, and future studies will examine this question further. But currently, our results indicate that relative brain size might not be linked to reproductive behaviour to any significant extent, at least not in the guppy.

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Książki na temat "Mating tactics"

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Fu, Peng. Sperm competition and alternative mating tactics in bluegill sunfish. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense acquisitions: Matching resources with requirements is key to the unmanned combat air vehicle program's success : report to the Suncommittee on Tactical and Land Forces, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 2003.

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Brewer, Gayle. Single and Partnered Women. Redaktor Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.18.

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The form, function, and prevalence of intrasexual competition is expected to differ for single and partnered women. For single women focused on the identification and recruitment of desirable mates, competition increases access to potential partners. For partnered women focused on the maintenance of current relationships, competition reduces the risk of infidelity and relationship dissolution. This chapter considers the specific threats experienced by single and partnered women, the extent to which these threats may impact on willingness to engage in intrasexual competition, and the competitive tactics employed. Additional factors influencing women’s engagement in intrasexual competition such as age and mating system type are also discussed.

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Nikiforidis, Lambrianos, Ashley Rae Arsena i Kristina M. Durante. The Effect of Fertility on Women’s Intrasexual Competition. Redaktor Maryanne L. Fisher. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.23.

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This chapter examines how the ovulatory cycle affects the tactics women use to compete with one another. As fertility increases near ovulation, women’s mating psychology changes, with implications for intersexual courtship (i.e., attracting opposite-sex mates) and intrasexual competition (i.e., outshining same-sex rivals) which is the primary focus of this chapter. The ovulatory competition hypothesis refers to the effect of fertility on women’s competition, manifested mainly in the domains of physical attractiveness and relative status. Previous research shows that women’s tendency to enhance their appearance near ovulation is driven not by a desire to impress men, but by a motivation to outcompete other women, when those women are perceived as potential rivals. Moreover, the effect of fertility on women’s consumption and financial decision making stems from a desire to surpass other women in status and resources. Implications for women’s materialism, consumption of luxury items, and financial decision making are discussed.

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Vaillancourt, Tracy, i Jaimie Arona Krems. An Evolutionary Psychological Perspective of Indirect Aggression in Girls and Women. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491826.003.0008.

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Although the effects of sexual selection on male mating competition and intrasexual aggression have been studied extensively for well over a century, female mating competition and intrasexual aggression have only begun to receive serious attention in recent decades. Here, we focus on one aspect of sexually selected competition in girls and women—rival derogation, which takes the form of indirect aggression. We argue that this tactic of intrasexual competition both reduces a rival’s ability to compete for desirable mates and helps aggressors achieve and maintain their own high social status. We further argue that physical attractiveness initiates the pathway leading to high social status, which is preserved through the use of indirect aggression and is associated with increased dating and sexual behavior.

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Części książek na temat "Mating tactics"

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Orbach, Dara N. "Sexual Strategies: Male and Female Mating Tactics". W Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Odontocetes, 75–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16663-2_4.

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Liberg, Olof, Annkristin Axen, Agneta Johansson i Kjell Wahlstrom. "Mating Tactics in the Male Roe Deer". W The Biology of Deer, 353. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2782-3_75.

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Brockmann, H. Jane, Sheri L. Johnson, Matthew D. Smith i Daniel Sasson. "Mating Tactics of the American Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus)". W Changing Global Perspectives on Horseshoe Crab Biology, Conservation and Management, 321–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19542-1_19.

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Sandell, Mikael. "The Mating Tactics and Spacing Patterns of Solitary Carnivores". W Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, 164–82. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4716-4_7.

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Sandell, Mikael. "6. The Mating Tactics and Spacing Patterns of Solitary Carnivores". W Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, redaktor John L. Gittleman, 164–82. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501745812-011.

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Castro, Felipe Nalon. "Condition-Dependent Mating Tactic". W Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1760-1.

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Liu, Huaping, i Fuchun Sun. "Visual–Tactile Cross-Modal Matching Using Common Dictionary Learning". W Robotic Tactile Perception and Understanding, 183–202. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6171-4_9.

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Mandumbu, R., C. Nyawenze, J. T. Rugare, G. Nyamadzawo, C. Parwada i H. Tibugari. "Tied Ridges and Better Cotton Breeds for Climate Change Adaptation". W African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 181–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_23.

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AbstractClimate change and variability is already reducing agricultural productivity and opportunities for employment, pushing up food prices and affecting food availability and production of formerly adapted crop types. Such is the case in cotton production in Zimbabwe, where it was the only viable commercial crop in marginal areas. As a form of adaptation, there is need for African farmers to have a range of agricultural techniques as coping strategies and tactics to enable sustainable production of crops and deal with extreme events. Such techniques include water conservation and introduction of new adapted crop genetics to cope with the new environment. The emerging trends in climate change will force farmers to adopt new crops and varieties and forms of agricultural production technologies. The objective of this study is to determine the contribution of combining in-field water harvesting and early maturing cotton varieties in curbing drought in cotton in semiarid Zimbabwe. The results show that both water harvesting in form of planting basins significantly (P <0.05) increased boll number and branch number of cotton across all varieties. The varieties M577 and M567 out-performed the conventional varieties in early growth, branch number, and boll number. Tied contour ridges gave a significantly (P <0.05) higher moisture content in 0–5 cm and the 6–10 cm depth compared to conventional tillage. The new varieties displayed early phenological development. Despite the existence of rainfall gaps, the in-field water harvesting techniques captured enough moisture and prevented moisture losses through runoff which resulted successful flowering and fruiting in the short varieties compared to conventional tillage on conventional varieties. In this regard, water harvesting and early maturing varieties offer considerable hope for increasing crop production in arid and semiarid areas of Zimbabwe.

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Neubauer, Catherine. "How Close Is Close Enough? A Multimodal Analysis of Temporal Matching Between Visual and Tactile Signaling". W Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 219–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60384-1_21.

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"Mating Tactics". W Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 4970. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_303117.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Mating tactics"

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Guo, Li, Zhiping Lv, Hao Wang, Bin Zhang i Tiejun Cui. "Matching algorithms and tactics on vector area data based on spatial directional similarity". W 2010 18th International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2010.5567488.

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"GRASP CONFIGURATION MATCHING - Using Visual and Tactile Sensor Information". W 4th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001633401170124.

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ROGERS, ROBERT. "Velocity-plus-rate matching for improved tactical weapon rapid transfer alignment". W Navigation and Control Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-2783.

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Liu, Huaping, Fuchun Sun i Bin Fang. "Seeing by touching: Cross-modal matching for tactile and vision measurements". W 2017 2nd International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarm.2017.8273170.

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Luo, Shan, Wenxuan Mou, Kaspar Althoefer i Hongbin Liu. "Localizing the object contact through matching tactile features with visual map". W 2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2015.7139743.

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Vanhuysse, Sarah J. M., Eleonora P. Westebring-van der Putten, Wouter M. Bergmann Tiest i Imre Horva´th. "The Tactile Window: A Haptic Tool for Material Selection". W ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28443.

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In this article a haptic tool for industrial designers is presented. The tool should aid them in material selection for product experience and fit in an advanced design studio: the Tangible Virtual Reality environment. A study of related work suggests that six touch sensations are essential in this context. A solution idea for multi-sensation feedback was developed and its intended behavior and functionalities defined. A first concept combines two of the relevant sensations: texture and warmth, the former displayed by a piezo-driven pin array and the latter by a peltier element acting as a heat pump. A simple experiment — matching displayed stimuli to real materials — was conducted to prove the feasibility of the concept. Experimental results confirm that the prototype gives the impression of a certain surface, but the absence of four relevant sensations limits the experience’s realism. However promising, these results confirm the desirability of further integration of touch sensations in one device.

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Lin, Justin, Roberto Calandra i Sergey Levine. "Learning to Identify Object Instances by Touch: Tactile Recognition via Multimodal Matching". W 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2019.8793885.

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Brockmeier, A. J., J. S. Choi, M. S. Emigh, Lin Li, J. T. Francis i J. C. Principe. "Subspace matching thalamic microstimulation to tactile evoked potentials in rat somatosensory cortex". W 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346584.

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Korres, Georgios, i Mohamad Eid. "Improving Performance of Ultrasound Transducers with Aerogel Matching Layer for Tactile Display". W 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Haptic, Audio and Visual Environments and Games (HAVE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/have.2018.8547511.

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Kumar, Rajesh, i Sudipto Mukherjee. "Modified Laparoscopic Tool for Enhanced Haptic Feedback". W ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86345.

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Laparoscopic Devices are known to be used in Minimal Invasive Surgeries. However, the devices are unable to transmit the spectrum of feedback of the tissue to the hands of the surgeon, which makes the surgical procedure difficult. We have demonstrated a parameterization for the loss in feedback due to backlash and friction. Backlash is correlated to the joint clearances while friction correlates to joint clearance as well as the surface finish of mating pairs, though joint clearances don’t affect the friction coefficient largely. The laparoscope behavior has been dynamically modeled to understand and predict the behavior. Also, the cost to manufacture the graspers has been weighed against force bandwidth and reliability of improving the joint tolerances of the device so that it is able to transmit the desired force bandwidth. We conclude that to achieve kHz force bandwidth through purely mechanical means would entail prohibitively expensive manufacturing means and hence, we propose an alternate design. The alternate design makes the system deterministic without uncertainty in the position of the joint pins. The kinematically constrained joints in the new device completely transmit the input force spectrum at frequencies of multiple kHz. The non-sophisticated alteration in the original device doesn’t significantly alleviate the cost and eludes the loss of tactile sensation.

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