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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Microstructural effects”

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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Herbster, Maria, Karsten Harnisch, Paulina Kriegel, et al. "Microstructural Modification of TiAl6V4 Alloy to Avoid Detrimental Effects Due to Selective In Vivo Crevice Corrosion." Materials 15, no. 16 (2022): 5733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165733.

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TiAl6V4 wrought alloy is a standard material used for endoprostheses due to its ideal characteristics in terms of osseointegration. However, the insufficient wear and crevice corrosion resistance of TiAl6V4 are limiting factors that can cause clinical problems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze and identify suitable phases and microstructural states of TiAl6V4 alloy with advantageous implant properties by thermal treatments. By varying the temperature and cooling rate, four heat treatment strategies were derived that produced different microstructural states that differed i

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2

Zeng, Qiu Lian, Zhong Guang Wang, and J. K. Shang. "Microstructural Effects on Low Cycle Fatigue of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu Pb-Free Solder." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.239.

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Low cycle fatigue behavior of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder was investigated under fully reversed cyclic loading, with particular emphasis on microstructural effects. The LCF behavior of the solder with equiaxed microstructure was found to differ greatly from that of the solder with a dendrite microstructure. At a given total strain amplitude, the dendrite microstructure exhibited a much longer fatigue life than the equiaxed microstructure. Such a strong microstructural effect on fatigue life arose from the difference in cyclic deformation and fracture mechanisms between the two microstructures. A lar

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3

Griffiths, Malcolm. "Microstructural Effects on Irradiation Creep of Reactor Core Materials." Materials 16, no. 6 (2023): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16062287.

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The processes that control irradiation creep are dependent on the temperature and the rate of production of freely migrating point defects, affecting both the microstructure and the mechanisms of mass transport. Because of the experimental difficulties in studying irradiation creep, many different hypothetical models have been developed that either favour a dislocation slip or a mass transport mechanism. Irradiation creep mechanisms and models that are dependent on the microstructure, which are either fully or partially mechanistic in nature, are described and discussed in terms of their abili

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4

Agboola, Joseph, Emmanuel Anyoku, and Atinuke Oladoye. "Effects of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of 6xxx Aluminium Alloy." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 6, no. 1 (2021): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.06.01.2021.04.

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The applicability of materials is highly dependent on its microstructure and mechanical properties. Aluminium alloy is being used extensively under diverse conditions. This study investigates the effects of cooling rate on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 6xxx-series aluminium alloy. Aluminium ingot was melted in a muffle furnace and cast into rods. The cooling rate was controlled by holding the moulds at different temperatures. Microstructural characteristics were examined by optical microscopy. Mechanical properties such as impact strength, hardness, and

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5

Akbari, G. H., H. Abbaszadeh, and H. Ghotbi Ravandi. "Effects of Al, Si and Mn on the Recrystallization Behaviors of Fe Containing 70B Brass." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.107.

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The effects of alloying elements and impurities on the microstructure and properties of metals and alloys are important. Understanding of these effects may help to control and produce products with desired properties at lower cost. In the present work the effects of Al, Si and Mn on the recrystallization behavior, hardness and microstructural changes of an Fe- containing brass during annealing were studied. The results show that alloying elements strongly affect recrystallization kinetics and resulted finer microstructures. Hardness variations during annealing are consistent with microstructur

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6

Zhong, Ning, Songpu Yang, Tao Liu, et al. "Effects of Compositional Inhomogeneity on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Low Carbon Steel Processed by Quenching-Partitioning-Tempering Treatment." Crystals 13, no. 1 (2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13010023.

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Quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) heat treatment is a relatively novel approach to attain excellent ductility in high-strength steels. In the present work, the microstructural evolution and the mechanical properties of a low carbon microalloyed advanced steel were systematically investigated after the Q-P-T process. The microstructural evolution was explored by employing X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the multiphase microstructures strongly depend on both the initial microstructure and the processing parame

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7

Regone, Wiliam, and Sérgio Tonini Button. "Effects of deformation on the microstructure of a Ti-V microalloyed steel in the phase transition region." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 57, no. 4 (2004): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672004000400014.

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Microalloyed steels are used in the forging of many automotive parts like crankshafts and connecting rods. They are hot worked in a sequence of stages that includes the heating to the soaking temperature, followed by forging steps, and finally the controlled cooling to define the microstructure and mechanical properties. In this work it was investigated the thermomechanical behavior and the microstructural evolution of a Ti-V microalloyed steel in the phase transition region. Torsion tests were done with multiple steps with true strain equal to 0.26 in each step. After each torsion step the sa

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8

Hu, Zhitao, Xin Wang, Yuzhou Du, et al. "Effects of graphite nodule count on microstructural homogeneity of austempered ductile iron (ADI)." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 2 (2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023031.

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The microstructural homogeneity of austempered ductile iron (ADI) with different graphite counts was evaluated by microstructural observations and hardness measurement. ADI was composed of spheroidal graphite, ausferrite, and stabilized austenite. Microstructural observation and microhardness evaluation indicated that graphite nodule counts affected the microstructure significantly, in a sense that the microstructure was more homogeneous for samples with higher graphite counts. More graphite nodules provided more positions for ferrite nucleation and gave rise to a fine ausferrite microstructur

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9

Yang, Hongyue, Ji Qian, Ming Yang, Chunxi Li, Hengfan Li, and Songling Wang. "Study on the Effects of Microstructural Surfaces on the Attachment of Moving Microbes." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174421.

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The research of marine antifouling is mainly conducted from the aspects of chemistry, physics, and biology. In the present work, the movement model of microorganisms along or against the flow direction on the microstructural surface was established. The model of globose algae with a diameter of 5 μm in the near-wall area was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the fluid kinematic characteristics and shear stress distribution over different-sized microstructures and in micropits were compared. Simulation results revealed that the increase of the β value (height to width ratio)

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10

Snopiński, Przemysław, Krzysztof Matus, Ondřej Hilšer, and Stanislav Rusz. "Effects of Built Direction and Deformation Temperature on the Grain Refinement of 3D Printed AlSi10Mg Alloy Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP)." Materials 16, no. 12 (2023): 4288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16124288.

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In this work, we used an AlSi10Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) to study the effects of build direction and deformation temperature on the grain refinement process. Two different build orientations of 0° and 90° and deformation temperatures of 150 °C and 200 °C were selected to study this effect. Light microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the microtexture and microstructural evolution of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) billets. Grain boundary maps showed that the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries

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11

Li, Hui, Zhanglong Zhao, Yongquan Ning, Hongzhen Guo та Zekun Yao. "Characterization of Microstructural Evolution for a Near-α Titanium Alloy with Different Initial Lamellar Microstructures". Metals 8, № 12 (2018): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8121045.

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The effects of initial lamellar thickness on microstructural evolution and deformation behaviors of a near-α Ti-5.4Al-3.7Sn-3.3Zr-0.5Mo-0.4Si alloy were investigated during isothermal compression in α + β phase field. Special attention was paid to microstructural conversion mechanisms for α lamellae with different initial thicknesses. The deformation behaviors, including flow stress, temperature sensitivity, and strain rate sensitivity, and processing maps and their dependence on initial lamellar thickness were discussed. The detailed microstructural characterizations in different domains of t

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12

Ding, Qingqing, Hongbin Bei, Xinbao Zhao, Yanfei Gao, and Ze Zhang. "Processing, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloy." Crystals 10, no. 7 (2020): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10070572.

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A second-generation Ni-based superalloy has been directionally solidified by using a Bridgman method, and the key processing steps have been investigated with a focus on their effects on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. The as-grown microstructure is of a typical dendrite structure with microscopic elemental segregation during solidification. Based on the microstructural evidence and the measured phase transformation temperatures, a step-wise solution treatment procedure is designed to effectively eliminate the compositional and microstructural inhomogeneities. Consequently,

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13

Yang, Yo Sep, S. Y. Park, Hyun Jo Jun, Chan Gyung Park, S. H. Lim, and D. Y. Ban. "Effects of Microstructure on the Fatigue Resistance of Steel Tire Cords." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 4125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.4125.

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Effects of microstructural parameters on fatigue resistance (σFL) of the steel tire cords have been investigated experimentally from microscopic points of view. At first, microstructural parameters depending on carbon content have been identified by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The fatigue resistance of the steel tire cords depending on carbon content has been measured by using the Hunter rotating beam tester under the bending stress of 900 to 1500 MPa. The fatigue resistance was improved with increasing the carbon content from 0.7, 0.8 to 0.9 wt. % C, due to variations of mic

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14

Lannutti, J. J. "Characterization and Control of Compact Microstructure." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 12 (1997): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400034734.

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The microstructure and properties of a ceramic component are largely predetermined by the processes and process controls used to manufacture them. The metric for success in manufacturing is often based on gross density. For example, optimizing pressure-density response, maximizing overall density, and minimizing springback and delaminations in powder pressing all focus on characterization and control of the overall (macroscopic) state of a powder compact. Unfortunately this focus on macroscopic effects has contributed to a general neglect of the compact at the microstructural level. Process-co

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15

Murr, L. E. "Microstructure-property hypermaps for shock-loaded materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143675.

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Residual deformation-induced metallurgical effects or structure (microstructure)-property relationships are now generally well documented to be the result of stress or strain-induced microstructures, or microstructural changes in polycrystalline metals and alloys. In many cases, strain hardening, work hardening, or other controlling deformation mechanisms can be described by the generation, movement, and interactions of dislocations and other crystal defects which produce drag, or a range of impedances, including obstacles to dislocation motion.

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16

Habibi, Niloufar, Santhosh Mathi, Thorsten Beier, Markus Könemann, and Sebastian Münstermann. "Effects of Microstructural Properties on Damage Evolution and Edge Crack Sensitivity of DP1000 Steels." Crystals 12, no. 6 (2022): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060845.

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In the present work, the microstructural damage behavior of two DP1000 steel test subjects through various stress states was studied to thoroughly learn the interaction between microstructure, damage evolution, and edge stretchability. In addition, microstructural changes at the fracture sites and fracture surfaces were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The distinctive mechanical and damage behaviors of the materials were revealed. However, the steels were slightly different in chemical composition, microstructural characteristics, and yield stress. The results showed that when mi

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17

Bang, Kook Soo, Woo Yeol Kim, Chan Park, Young Ho Ahn, and Jong Bong Lee. "Effects of Nitrogen on Weld Metal Microstructure and Toughness in Submerged Arc Welding." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3906–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3906.

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The effects of nitrogen content on weld metal impact toughness in submerged arc welding were investigated and interpreted in terms of microstructural changes and solid solution hardening. The weld metal impact toughness in as-welded condition decreased with increasing nitrogen content from 110 to 200 ppm. The weld metal microstructure changed with increasing nitrogen content; ferrite with second phase increased at the expense of tough acicular ferrite. In addition to microstructural changes, the microhardness of acicular ferrite increased gradually with the nitrogen content. Therefore, the los

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18

Gariboldi, Elisabetta, and Marco Colombo. "Characterization of Innovative Al-Si-Mg-Based Alloys for High Temperature Applications." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.53.

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The role played by transition elements and rare earths, added in small quantities (fractions of unity in weight percent) was proved by several authors to be beneficial for the age-hardening response and for the microstructural stability at high temperature of Al-based alloys. The paper illustrates the results of an experimental investigation on the effects of erbium (Er) additions on the microstructural features, microstructural stability and mechanical properties of an Al-7Si-0.4Mg alloy of wide industrial use. The effects are multifold: in the cast microstructure, a silicon (Si) eutectic mod

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19

Mohrbacher, Hardy, Jer-Ren Yang, Yu-Wen Chen, Johannes Rehrl, and Thomas Hebesberger. "Metallurgical Effects of Niobium in Dual Phase Steel." Metals 10, no. 4 (2020): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040504.

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Dual phase (DP) steels are widely applied in today’s automotive body design. The favorable combination of strength and ductility in such steels is in first place related to the share of ferrite and martensite. The pronounced work hardening behavior prevents localized thinning and allows excellent stretch forming. Niobium microalloying was originally introduced to dual phase steel for improving bendability by refining the microstructure. More recently developed “high ductility” (HD) DP steel variants provide increased drawability aided by a small share of austenite retained in the microstructur

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20

Rodriguez vargas, Bryan ramiro, Luciano Albini, Giulia Tiracorrendo, Riccardo Massi, Giulia Stornelli, and Andrea Di Schino. "EFFECT OF ULTRAFAST HEATING ON AISI 304 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 29, no. 2 (2023): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.29.2.1833.

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This study explores the effects of ultrafast heating on AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel. The research shows that ultrafast heating can lead to fine-grained mixed microstructures in steel, making it a potential alternative for modifying microstructure in stainless steel. The study demonstrates that a minimum temperature of 980 °C is required to achieve a fully recrystallized microstructure. The results also suggest that a lower temperature can result in a finer recrystallized grain size compared to higher temperature results. The study provides valuable insights into the impact of ultrafast

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21

Widener, Christian A., Dwight A. Burford, and Sarah Jurak. "Effects of Tool Design and Friction Stir Welding Parameters on Weld Morphology in Aluminum Alloys." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1261.

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Friction stir welding (FSW) is a complex thermo-mechanical process which produces wrought microstructure with microstructural gradients in grain size, grain orientation, dislocation density, and precipitate distribution. The type and degree of microstructural modification is a function of the particular alloy chosen, its initial temper, the tool design and corresponding weld process parameter window, and other variables like material thickness, size, fixturing, etc. Since the microstructural changes produced can dramatically affect resultant mechanical performance and corrosion response, a tho

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22

Stewart, Peter S., Stephen H. Davis, and Sascha Hilgenfeldt. "Microstructural effects in aqueous foam fracture." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 785 (November 23, 2015): 425–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.636.

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We examine the fracture of a quasi-two-dimensional surfactant-laden aqueous foam under an applied driving pressure, using a network modelling approach developed for metallic foams by Stewart & Davis (J. Rheol., vol. 56, 2012, p. 543). In agreement with experiments, we observe two distinct mechanisms of failure analogous to those observed in a crystalline solid: a slow ductile mode when the driving pressure is applied slowly, where the void propagates as bubbles interchange neighbours through the T1 process; and a rapid brittle mode for faster application of pressures, where the void advanc

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23

Mishnaevsky, Leon. "Computational Analysis of the Effects of Microstructures on Damage and Fracture in Heterogeneous Materials." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.489.

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3D FE (finite element) simulations of the deformation and damage evolution of particle reinforced composites are carried out for different microstructures of the composites. Several new methods and programs for the automatic reconstruction of 3D microstructures of composites on the basis of the geometrical description of microstructures as well as on the basis of the voxel array data have been developed and tested. Different methods of reconstruction and generation of finite element models of 3D microstructures of composite materials (geometry-based and voxel array based) are discussed and com

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24

Li, Jing Yuan, and Xiao Lei Du. "Effects of Microstructural Morphology on Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 686 (June 2011): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.686.113.

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The mechanical property of magnesium alloy depends on the alloy elements and microstructure strongly. The multiple dependency relations are studied by investigating magnesium alloys with different Al and Zn contents. The semi-continuous casting billets exhibit quite different microstructural morphologies between the centre and edge of the cross section. The centre shows fine and uniform microstructure while the edge is coarse and reticular. However the difference is almost eliminated when the billets were homogenized at 380°C for 15h. The generation mechanism of casting microstructure is also

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25

Ferreira-Palma, Carlos, Héctor J. Dorantes-Rosales, Víctor M. López-Hirata, and Alberto A. Torres-Castillo. "Effect of Ag additions on the microstructure and phase transformations of Zn-22Al-2Cu (wt.%) alloy." International Journal of Materials Research 112, no. 2 (2021): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2020-8009.

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Abstract The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties is studied for eutectoid Zn-22Al (wt.%) alloys modified with Cu and Ag. Three alloys with a Cu content of 2 wt.% and varying amounts of Ag were cast and hot-extruded. Different microstructural characteristics were induced by heat treatments: natural aging, artificial aging and furnace cooling. Structural and microstructural characterizations were carried out with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were determined by tensile testing. Dilatometry was used for determining the effects

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26

Boutin, C. "Microstructural effects in elastic composites." International Journal of Solids and Structures 33, no. 7 (1996): 1023–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(95)00089-5.

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Haddour, Lillia, Mourad Keddam, and Nadir Mesrati. "Relationships between Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Polycristalline Alumina." Applied Mechanics and Materials 625 (September 2014): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.192.

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Some low purity alumina ceramics with an alumina content ranging from 86% to 93% were investigated, in order to explore the effects of microstructural parameters (grain size, intergranular phase) on mechanical (wear) and dielectrical parameters. The microstructure and worn surfaces were analysed using scaning electron microscopy. The correlation between microstructural, dielectrical properties and wear is discussed. It has been proposed that mechanical and electrical properties are two aspects of the same fundamental mechanism. Key words: Al2O3, Microstructure final, Wear resistance, Breakdown

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28

Vander Voort, George Frederic, Beatriz Suárez-Peña, and Juan Asensio-Lozano. "Metallographic Assessment of Al-12Si High-Pressure Die Casting Escalator Steps." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 5 (2014): 1486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761400172x.

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AbstractA microstructural characterization study was performed on high-pressure die cast specimens extracted from escalator steps manufactured from an Al-12 wt.% Si alloy designed for structural applications. Black and white, color light optical imaging and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to conduct the microstructural analysis. Most regions in the samples studied contained globular-rosette primary α-Al grains surrounded by an Al-Si eutectic aggregate, while primary dendritic α-Al grains were present in the surface layer. This dendritic microstructure was observed in the regi

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29

Mikulla, Christoph, Lars Steinberg, Philipp Niemeyer, Uwe Schulz, and Ravisankar Naraparaju. "Microstructure Refinement of EB-PVD Gadolinium Zirconate Thermal Barrier Coatings to Improve Their CMAS Resistance." Coatings 13, no. 5 (2023): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13050905.

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Rare-earth zirconates are proven to be very effective in restricting the CMAS attack against thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by forming quick crystalline reaction products that seal the porosity against infiltration. The microstructural effects on the efficacy of Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition gadolinium zirconate (EB-PVD GZO) against CMAS attack are explored in this study. Four distinct GZO microstructures were manufactured and the response of two selected GZO variants to different CMAS and volcanic ash melts was studied for annealing times between 10 min and 50 h at 1250 °C. A signi

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Lin, Yu-Ju, Che-Hua Yang, and Jiunn-Yuan Huang. "Influence of Microstructural Changes’ Effects on the Linear and Nonlinear Ultrasonic Parameters of Cast Stainless Steels." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 3476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103476.

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In this research, some nondestructive ultrasonic techniques were employed to inquire into the effect of microstructural changes induced by thermal aging and cold work on the ultrasonic response. As thermal embrittlement is a risk to the safety of nuclear power plants, a nondestructive detection method has to be developed for on-site monitoring. The austenitic stainless steel with δ-ferrite specimens were used to study the behavior of microstructural changes caused by age-treating and cold work and then examined by the velocity, attenuation, and nonlinear ultrasonic technique. The variations of

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Kaijalainen, A., N. Vähäkuopus, M. Somani, S. Mehtonen, D. Porter, and J. Kömi. "The Effects of Finish Rolling Temperature and Niobium Microalloying on the Microstructure and Properties of a Direct Quenched High-Strength Steel." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 2 (2017): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0091.

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AbstractThis paper comprehends the effects of finish rolling temperature (FRT) and Nb-microalloying on the microstructural evolution and resultant properties of a low carbon direct quenched steel in the yield strength category of ≥900 MPa. Results indicate that a decrease in FRT close to Ar3temperature significantly influenced the microstructure following phase transformation, especially at the subsurface (~50-400 μm) of the rolled strip. On decreasing the FRT, the subsurface microstructure revealed a fine mixture of ferrite and bainite obviously as a result of strain-induced transformation, w

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Rezvanian, O., M. A. Zikry, and A. M. Rajendran. "Statistically stored, geometrically necessary and grain boundary dislocation densities: microstructural representation and modelling." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 463, no. 2087 (2007): 2833–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.0020.

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A unified physically based microstructural representation of f.c.c. crystalline materials has been developed and implemented to investigate the microstructural behaviour of f.c.c. crystalline aggregates under inelastic deformations. The proposed framework is based on coupling a multiple-slip crystal plasticity formulation to three distinct dislocation densities, which pertain to statistically stored dislocations (SSDs), geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and grain boundary dislocations. This interrelated dislocation density formulation is then coupled to a specialized finite element f

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Xiaoyu, Jiang, and Kong Xiangan. "Computer Simulation of 3-D Random Distribution of Short Fibers in Metal Matrix Composite Materials." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 121, no. 3 (1999): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812391.

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In this paper, the microstructure of “Saffil”-Al2O3 short fiber reinforced Al-Mg5.5 metal matrix composite material is simulated by computer. In the simulation it is taken into account of that the lengths, diameters, orientations, and locations of short fibers, etc. For the 3-D randomly distributed short fibers in composite materials, the typical distributions of short fiber microstructures on different planes are obtained for different short fiber volume fractions. The microstructural effects of average fiber length, diameter and their standard deviations on the overall strength of metal matr

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Wakai, Eiichi, Shuhei Nogami, Akira Hasegawa, et al. "Effects of Helium Production and Displacement Damage on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties in Helium-Implanted Austenitic Stainless Steel and Ferritic/Martensitic Steel." Materials Science Forum 1024 (March 2021): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1024.53.

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The effects of helium concentration and displacement damage on microstructural evolution at low dpa and low helium concentration were mainly investigated in specimens of austenitic stainless steel 316FR or SUS304 and a high chromium martensitic steel (HCM12A). The 316FR and HCM12A specimens were implanted uniformly with helium at 823 K up to 30 appm-He or 50 appm-He by 50 MeV cyclotron accelerator using energy degraders. After the helium implantation, the microstructures were examined by a transmission electron microscopy and positron annihilation lifetime measurements. Irradiation hardening b

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Bertolino, G., N. Bilger, and J. Crépin. "Modeling microstructures and microstructural effects on macroscopic and intragranular mechanical behavior." Computational Materials Science 40, no. 3 (2007): 408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.01.009.

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Tian, Qu, Jennifer Schrack, Bennett Landman, Amal Wanigatunga, Susan Resnick, and Luigi Ferrucci. "Relative Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Predicts Brain Microstructural Changes in Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1720.

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Abstract Physical activity especially at moderate-to-vigorous intensity may preserve brain structure in old age. However, current findings are cross-sectional and rely on absolute intensity. This study aimed to examine whether relative or absolute vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) predicts brain microstructural changes. We analyzed 260 initially cognitively normal and well-functioning participants(age=70.5yrs) who had VPA data via ActiHeart and longitudinal brain microstructure by DTI(follow-up=3.7yrs). Associations of VPA with microstructural changes were examined using linear mixed-

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Lopes, Eder S. N., Alessandra Cremasco, Rodrigo Contieri, and Rubens Caram. "Effects of Aging Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Ti-Nb and Ti-Nb-Sn Alloys Employed as Biomaterials." Advanced Materials Research 324 (August 2011): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.324.61.

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The mechanical behavior of β titanium alloys applied as orthopedic biomaterials depends directly on their microstructural features, and can be improved by tailoring the microstructure through the control of their phase transformations. The aim of this investigation is to discuss phase transformations during the aging heat treatment of β Ti-30Nb and β Ti-30Nb-2Sn alloys and to correlate microstructure and mechanical behavior. The results of high temperature XRD experiments showed decomposition of orthorhombic α” phase, followed by the precipitation of ω and α phases. The mechanical behavior of

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Ostad Shabani, Mohsen, Amir Baghani, Mohammad Reza Rahimipour, Mansour Razavi, Mohammad Zakeri, and Fatemeh Heydari. "Effect of temperature, time, and shear force on the morphology and size of dendrites in A356-Al₂O₃ composites." Journal of Composite Materials 56, no. 2 (2021): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983211052602.

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Dendrite arm spacing (DAS) plays a vital role in determining mechanical properties of aluminum casting composites. In this study, the effects of three different methods of gravity sand casting, squeeze casting, and semi-solid compo-casting with different electromagnetic stirring currents and times on the microstructural morphology of A356-Al2O3 composites were investigated. In order to investigate effects of shear forces on the formation of the globular-like structure, samples with different stirring electric current and times were produced by compo-casting in semi-solid state and analyzed. Op

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Farh, Hichem, Hanna Belghit, Toufik Ziar, Abdelouahab Noua, and Fares Serradj. "The Cold Rolling Effects on the Microstructure and Micro-Hardness of Al-Mg-Si Alloy." Diffusion Foundations 18 (September 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.18.14.

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Rolling is a very common technique for shaping sheet metal. It aims to reduce the thickness of a metal sample to adapt it to the usual conditions of use in the industry. Nevertheless, this technique is not without modifying the mechanical and microstructural properties of the materials that can influence the mechanical strength of shaped parts. The purpose of the present investigation is to study the changes in microstructures and micro-hardness of Al-Mg-Si alloy with different rolling reduction in thickness and following artificial aging treatments at 175° C . We notice that the micro-hardnes

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Topping, Troy D., Ying Li, Enrique J. Lavernia, K. Manigandan, and T. S. Srivatsan. "The Influence of Processing on Microstructural Development, Tensile Response and Fracture Behavior of Aluminum Alloy 5083." Advanced Materials Research 410 (November 2011): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.410.175.

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In this paper, the specific influence of quasi-isostatic forging and rolling of cryomilled powder on microstructural development and resultant tensile deformation and fracture behavior of aluminum alloy 5083 is highlighted and comparison made with the coarse grained counterpart. The specific influence and contribution of strain hardening to enhancing strength of the ultra-fine grain microstructure of the aluminum alloy is presented and discussed. It is shown that the capability of the ultra fine grain microstructure to recover strength through the mechanism of work hardening is quite similar t

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Shekhar, Shashank, S. Abolghashem, S. Basu, J. Cai, and M. Ravi Shankar. "Interactive Effects of Strain, Strain-Rate and Temperatures on Microstructure Evolution in High Rate Severe Plastic Deformation." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.139.

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During high rate severe plastic deformation (HRSPD), strain and strain-rate are not the only external factors that determine microstructural transformations in materials, temperature-rise due to heat generation from deformation processes, also plays an important role. Temperature may influence the microstructure directly by controlling grain growth kinetics and it may also have an indirect effect through the interactive effect on material behavior, which in turn, influences strain and strain-rate parameters. This complex thermomechanics of HRSPD can lead to myriad of microstructure and consequ

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Çalışkan, Salim, and Rıza Gürbüz. "Heat treatment effects on near threshold region for AISI 4340 steels." Materials Testing 65, no. 4 (2023): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0405.

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Abstract The microstructure effect is critical in the near-threshold region in terms of fatigue crack propagation. Despite numerous studies on the crack growth phenomenon in the literature, there is still no comprehensive understanding of the mechanism behind it. The fatigue crack growth mechanism occurs in the plastic zone region, which is quite small in size; the order is regarded as microstructural units, particularly at low stress intensities. Microstructural differences caused by heat treatment methods are frequently attributed to changes in monotonic and yield strength, resulting in diff

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Kim, Won Yong, Han Sol Kim, and Sung Hwan Lim. "Effects of Oxygen on Phase Stability and Mechanical Properties of Quenched Ti-Nb Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1377.

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The effects of oxygen content on microstructures, elastic modulus and tensile properties of quenched Ti-Nb alloys were investigated in order to design a desirable Ti based alloy through casting process. From the microstructural and phase analysis, it is evidently revealed that the volume fraction of β phase increased with increasing content of oxygen, and the occurrence of intermediate ω phase was suppressed in metastable β Ti-Nb based alloys. Martensite transformation temperature decreased with increasing content of oxygen. Therefore, it is suggested that oxygen acts to stabilize β phase rath

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Clasen, Antje, and Antonia B. Kesel. "Microstructural Surface Properties of Drifting Seeds—A Model for Non-Toxic Antifouling Solutions." Biomimetics 4, no. 2 (2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4020037.

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A major challenge in the shipping and marine industry is the biofouling on under water surfaces. So far, biocides have been the main remedy for the prevention of the adhesion of microorganisms that is also influenced by surface topography. In recent years, research projects have explored microstructured surfaces as a non-toxic antifouling strategy. In this study, physical factors of surfaces of seeds of 43 plant species were analyzed with regards to their antifouling effects. After exposure to cold water of the North Sea during the swarming periods of the barnacles larvae, the surface microstr

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Eliezer, Dan, E. Tal-Gutelmacher, and Lothar Wagner. "High Fugacity Hydrogen Effects in Beta-21S Titanium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 1355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1355.

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Beta-21S titanium alloy is ranked among the most important advanced materials for a variety of technological applications, due to its combination of a high strength/weight ratio, good corrosion behavior and oxidation resistance. However, in many of these technological applications, this alloy is exposed to environments which can act as sources of hydrogen, and consequently, severe problems may arise. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of high fugacity hydrogen on Beta-21S alloy in as-received (mill-annealed and hot-rolled) condition. Hydrogen effects on the microstruct

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Calisti, V., A. Lebée, A. A. Novotny, and J. Sokolowski. "Sensitivity of the Second Order Homogenized Elasticity Tensor to Topological Microstructural Changes." Journal of Elasticity 144, no. 2 (2021): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-021-09836-6.

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AbstractThe multiscale elasticity model of solids with singular geometrical perturbations of microstructure is considered for the purposes, e.g., of optimum design. The homogenized linear elasticity tensors of first and second orders are considered in the framework of periodic Sobolev spaces. In particular, the sensitivity analysis of second order homogenized elasticity tensor to topological microstructural changes is performed. The derivation of the proposed sensitivities relies on the concept of topological derivative applied within a multiscale constitutive model. The microstructure is topo

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Anghelina, Florina Violeta, Vasile Bratu, Elena Valentina Stoian, and Ileana Nicoleta Popescu. "Microstructural Investigation of Aluminum Alloys Type "2024" for the Aviation Industry." Advanced Materials Research 1114 (July 2015): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1114.62.

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This paper presents experimental results revealed on the samples type 2024 aluminum alloy used in aeronautics. The results of microstructural and compositional investigations presented in this paper were performed on samples taken from 2024 Al alloy samples produced by ALRO Slatina. The main objective of the investigation is the conformity assessment of alloys in terms of chemical composition with the specifications type of aviation [SAE AMS 47N, EN 515, etc]. It also aims microstructural conformity assessment in terms of the grain and the hardening effects by natural or artificial aging appli

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Jurči, Peter, Jana Ptačinová, Martin Sahul, Mária Dománková, and Ivo Dlouhy. "Metallurgical principles of microstructure formation in sub-zero treated cold-work tool steels – a review." Matériaux & Techniques 106, no. 1 (2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2018022.

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The beneficial influence of a sub-zero treatment on wear resistant tools and components has been known for over 100 years. On the other hand, the basic metallurgical principles being responsible for enhanced hardness and wear performance, changes in the tempering response and toughness and improved dimensional stability have become known only over the past decade. The sub-zero treatment has, thus, been changed from an art to accepted science. The topic of the current conference paper is the latest theory explaining the metallurgical background for this kind of treatment. This theory states tha

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Mossaab, Blaoui Mohammed, Mokhtar Zemri, and Mustapha Arab. "Effect of medium carbon steel microstructure on tensile strength and fatigue crack growth." International Journal of Structural Integrity 10, no. 1 (2019): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-05-2018-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of medium carbon steel microstructure on the tensile strength and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior. Design/methodology/approach To achieve this aim, four different heat treatment methods (normalizing, quenching, tempering at 300°C and tempering at 600°C) were considered. Microstructural evolution was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. FCG rate tests were conducted on the resultant microstructures with compact tension specimens at room temperature by a standard testing method. Findings The results show that the normalize

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Regier, R. W., A. Reguly, David K. Matlock, J. K. Choi, and John G. Speer. "Effects of Austenite Conditioning and Transformation Temperature on the Bainitic Microstructure in Linepipe Steels." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.85.

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Low carbon bainitic steels are important in applications such as linepipe, and the details of the bainite microstructure control strength and toughness. The transformation of austenite to bainitic ferrite has been widely researched over the years, although recent use of electron backscatter diffraction techniques has provided opportunity to advance the characterization of various crystallographic aspects. In recent work, microstructures were characterized in a base steel containing 0.04 C and 1.7 Mn (wt. pct.) and two additional steels having modest carbon and manganese variations to influence

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