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Hamza, Veton, Bojan Stopar, Tomaž Ambrožič, Goran Turk i Oskar Sterle. "Testing Multi-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers for Geodetic Monitoring Purposes". Sensors 20, nr 16 (5.08.2020): 4375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164375.
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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology is widely used for geodetic monitoring purposes. However, in cases where a higher risk of receiver damage is expected, geodetic GNSS receivers may be considered too expensive to be used. As an alternative, low-cost GNSS receivers that are cheap, light, and prove to be of adequate quality over short baselines, are considered. The main goal of this research is to evaluate the positional precision of a multi-frequency low-cost instrument, namely, ZED-F9P with u-blox ANN-MB-00 antenna, and to investigate its potential for displacement detection. We determined the positional precision within static survey, and the displacement detection within dynamic survey. In both cases, two baselines were set, with the same rover point equipped with a low-cost GNSS instrument. The base point of the first baseline was observed with a geodetic GNSS instrument, whereas the second baseline was observed with a low-cost GNSS instrument. The results from static survey for both baselines showed comparable results for horizontal components; the precision was on a level of 2 mm or better. For the height component, the results show a better performance of low-cost instruments. This may be a consequence of unknown antenna calibration parameters for low-cost GNSS antenna, while statistically significant coordinates of rover points were obtained from both baselines. The difference was again more significant in the height component. For the displacement detection, a device was used that imposes controlled movements with sub-millimeter accuracy. Results, obtained on a basis of 30-min sessions, show that low-cost GNSS instruments can detect displacements from 10 mm upwards with a high level of reliability. On the other hand, low-cost instruments performed slightly worse as far as accuracy is concerned.
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Chen, Zemeng, Xinliang Cao, Xianglin Li, Boan Pan, Pengbo Wang i Ting Li. "A Novel Approach to Evaluating Crosstalk for Near-Infrared Spectrometers". Sensors 24, nr 3 (3.02.2024): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24030990.
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Multi-channel and multi-parameter near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has gradually become a new research direction and hot spot due to its ability to provide real-time, continuous, comprehensive indicators of multiple parameters. However, multi-channel and multi-parameter detection may lead to crosstalk between signals. There is still a lack of benchmarks for the evaluation of the reliability, sensitivity, stability and response consistency of the NIRS instruments. In this study, a set of test methods (a human blood model test, ink drop test, multi-channel crosstalk test and multi-parameter crosstalk test) for analyzing crosstalk and verifying the reliability of NIRS was conducted to test experimental verification on a multi-channel (8-channel), multi-parameter (4-parameter) NIRS instrument independently developed by our team. Results show that these tests can be used to analyze the signal crosstalk and verify the reliability, sensitivity, stability and response consistency of the NIRS instrument. This study contributes to the establishment of benchmarks for the NIRS instrument crosstalk and reliability testing. These novel tests have the potential to become the benchmark for NIRS instrument reliability testing.
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Semenov, Alexey, i Dmitry Slesarev. "Electromagnetic testing of multi‐strand stay cables: novel technique and instrumentation". ce/papers 6, nr 5 (wrzesień 2023): 1373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2166.
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AbstractSteel stay cables are widely applied in various civil constructions. In recent decades, the so‐called multi‐strand stay cables have become widely used, particularly in the construction of cable‐stayed bridges. Conventional method of stay‐cable diagnostics utilizes magnetic rope testing instruments. However, because of the large diameter of multi‐strand stay cables, the appropriate magnetic instrument should have an inappropriate high mass and create a significant force of attraction between the magnetic head and the stay cable, which likely would cause damage to the cable's outer protective shell. Alternatively, the eddy current method can be used for testing of stay cables. The special probe was developed that provides equal sensitivity to surface and subsurface breaks of the strands and reduces a disturbance of irregularity of magnetic properties along the cable. On the basis of this probe, a specific electromagnetic instrument was designed for nondestructive testing of multi‐strand stay cables. The instrument was tested on a multi‐strand mock‐up and applied for inspection of the stay cables of bridges. Results of this are discussed in the article.
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Ma, Guo Sheng, i Xiao Bo Xia. "The Design and Implementation of Multi-User Data Sharing Platform for Remote Monitoring System Based on Virtual Instruments". Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (październik 2014): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.220.
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Remote data monitoring system which adopts virtual instrument usually applies data sharing, acquisition and remote transmission technology via internet. It is able to finish concurrent data acquisition and processing for multi-user and multi-task and also build a personalized virtual testing environment for more people but with fewer instruments. In this paper, we’ll elaborate on the design and implementation of information sharing platform through a typical example of how to build multi-user concurrent virtual testing environment based on the virtual software LabVIEW.
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Bernieri, Andrea, Giovanni Betta, Luigi Ferrigno i Marco Laracca. "Multi-frequency Eddy Current Testing using a GMR based instrument". International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 39, nr 1-4 (5.09.2012): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-2012-1482.
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Paige, Samantha R., Michael Stellefson, Janice L. Krieger, M. David Miller, Jeewon Cheong i Charkarra Anderson-Lewis. "Transactional eHealth Literacy: Developing and Testing a Multi-Dimensional Instrument". Journal of Health Communication 24, nr 10 (3.10.2019): 737–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2019.1666940.
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Yin, W., S. J. Dickinson i A. J. Peyton. "A multi-frequency impedance analysing instrument for eddy current testing". Measurement Science and Technology 17, nr 2 (19.01.2006): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/17/2/022.
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Liu, Ying Ji, Feng Tian Cai, Wei Zhou, Xue Li Zhang i Tian Xia Zhang. "An Engine Dynamic Signal Testing System Based on Virtual Instrument Technology". Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (październik 2009): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.193.
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Aimed at the requirements of engine experimental research，a test system of engine dynamic signal was developed based on virtual instrument technology. The integral structure design of the system was given, the hardware is composed of sensors, signal conditioning module, high-speed data acquisition card and portable computer; the host computer software was developed with DASYLab, a virtual instrumentation tool. Its essential is to make good use of computer to achieve and extend functions of traditional instruments, by comprehensively using technologies of computer, digital signal processing, standard bus and software engineering method, functions of continuous multi channel sampling and multi type signal acquisition, and processing analysis were realized. The field test shows the system works reliably, development and application of this system can provide detailed experiment data and a new way in the field of engine power detection.
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Xing, Z. X., X. C. Liu i C. F. He. "Design of A Multifunctional Micro-Magnetic Testing Instrument". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2198, nr 1 (1.05.2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2198/1/012032.
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Abstract Micro-magnetic testing technology is capable of non-destructively evaluating the mechanical properties and residual stress in ferromagnetic components. In the applications of micro-magnetic testing technology, several types of magnetic signals, such as magnetic Barkhausen noise, incremental permeability, tangential magnetic field and eddy current, etc., are used to characterize the target properties (mechanical properties and residual stress). In this paper, a unique framework for multifunctional micro-magnetic sensor design is proposed. Accordingly, a multifunctional micro-magnetic instrument is developed. Intermittently superimposed magnetic fields of high (several kHz) and low frequencies (several Hz) are used for material magnetization. Combined magnetic sensors are employed to measure a total of five types of signals, including the magnetic Barkhausen noise, incremental permeability, eddy currents, tangential magnetic field and main flux. Especially, twisted-pair wiring was used for winding two identical sensing coils. One of the sensing coils is used for eddy current or incremental permeability detection and the rest one acts as a compensatory coil to suppress the strong mutual induction voltage in detection coil. The entire instrument is composed of a multi-channel signal generator, a power amplifier, signal processing circuits embedded into the multifunctional sensor and a four-channel signal acquisition device. The multi-channel signal generator is constructed based on FPGA and high speed D/A converters. The direct digital synthesizer and state machine are programed in FPGA to enable the excitation of intermittently superimposed signals of high and low frequencies. Carefully experiments were performed to test the performances of the developed instrument. The results obtained from different types of steels proved that the developed instrument can acquire five types of magnetic signals with high SNR. The features of the five types of magnetic signals can used to distinguish the material and its mechanical properties such as surface hardness.
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Yang, H. Z., Y. J. Chen, S. H. Leong, C. W. An, K. D. Ye, M. J. Yin i J. F. Hu. "A multi-functional testing instrument for heat assisted magnetic recording media". Journal of Applied Physics 115, nr 17 (7.05.2014): 17B726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4865969.
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Gwaza, Gamuchirai, Monkoe Leqheka, Sabine Dittrich, Tsietso Mots'oane i Kekeletso Kao. "Missed opportunities for integrated testing: An Evaluation of the implementation of TB and HIV EID Testing on the GeneXpert platform in Lesotho". International Journal of Integrated Care 23, S1 (28.12.2023): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic23406.
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Introduction: Integrated testing of TB and HIV can improve health outcomes and save costs. The GeneXpert (GX) instrument, a multi-disease testing platform, can allow for simultaneous HIV and TB testing. However, utilization of the platform for integrated testing remains suboptimal, and there are operational barriers to implementing integrated TB and HIV testing.
Methods: We evaluated the implementation of TB and HIV testing on the GX instrument for early infant detection (EID) of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) testing in thirteen health facilities in Lesotho. The data collection process used a survey questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and a review of records at each health facility. Data was collected for the period 2017 and 2019.
Results: All thirteen health facilities had at least one GX instrument for TB or EID testing. In 2017, the average utilization rate for the GX instrument for TB and EID testing was 63% and 24%, while in 2019, the average utilization rate was 61% for TB testing and 27% for EID. However, none of the health facilities included testing for TB and HIV on the same GX instrument simultaneously. In general, utilization rates were sufficiently low that all the HIV and TB tests undertaken in 2017 and 2019 could have been performed using only the instruments currently dedicated to TB testing. All except for three sites (Scott, Motebang and Maluti) where the testing rates were high.
Conclusion and Policy Implications: Much progress has been made in integrating TB and HIV activities in Africa. However, there is a missed opportunity for the integration of testing for TB and HIV on the GX instrument, which could save costs.
This evaluation highlights areas that need more focus and more detailed diagnostic network optimization exercises to improve service delivery and allocate stocks, staff, equipment, and training. Better coordination of donor support or increased flexibility in reporting of use will be important to maximize the use of resources, where integration may be more effective than purchasing new equipment. Monitoring and evaluation should be a routine part of the implementation and should be budgeted and demanded by policymakers and donors. Health facilities may require additional resources and technical support to improve data collection, analysis, and dissemination.
In conclusion, areas highlighted in this evaluation merit further exploration, such as the need to understand integrated testing models, including what works, why, and for which target groups. This will allow for effective targeted interventions to improve testing coverage across several diseases especially taking advantage of the multi-disease testing platforms.
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Donovan, David P., Pavlos Kollias, Almudena Velázquez Blázquez i Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff. "The generation of EarthCARE L1 test data sets using atmospheric model data sets". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, nr 21 (10.11.2023): 5327–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-5327-2023.
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Abstract. The Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer mission (EarthCARE) is a multi-instrument cloud–aerosol–radiation process study mission embarking a high spectral resolution lidar, a cloud profiling radar, a multi-spectral imager, and a three-view broadband radiometer. An important aspect of the EarthCARE mission is its focus on instrument synergy. Many L2 products are the result of L1 inputs from one or more instruments. Since no existing complete observational proxy data sets comprised of co-located and co-temporal “EarthCARE-like” data exists, it has been necessary to create synthetic data sets for the testing and development of various retrieval algorithms and the data processing chain. Given the synergistic nature of the processing chain, it is important that the test data are physically consistent across the various instruments. Within the EarthCARE project, a version of the EarthCARE simulator multi-instrument framework (ECSIM) has been used to create unified realistic test data frames. These simulations have been driven using high-resolution atmospheric model data (described in a companion paper). In this paper, the methods used to create the test data scenes are described. In addition, the simulated L1 data corresponding to each scene are presented and discussed.
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Xin, Huang, Shen Xiang-heng, Ye Lu, Wu Jin i Zhao Yu-yan. "Development of testing instrument of optical-axial parallelism for multi-axial systems". Journal of Applied Optics 36, nr 1 (2015): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5768/jao201536.0101004.
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Hameed Mousa, Ayad, Heba Adnan Raheem i Nibras Talib Mohammed. "An Evaluation Instrument (Q-U) for Measuring the usability of Business Intelligence Application". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 4.19 (27.11.2018): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19.28008.
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The main purpose of Business Intelligence (BI) applications is to focus on supporting organizations' strategic, operational and tactical decisions by providing comprehensive, accurate and vivid data to the decision makers. Usability testing is an important part of software development. It focuses on how well users can understand and utilize a product/software in fulfilling their intended goals. In the software development, most software tends to be complex. Hence, the way to ensure that such software will satisfy users will be done by measuring the usability of such software. Due to using many data integration techniques in developing BI application, thus, the different software have different instruments to measure the usability of BI software. In this paper, the new instrument (Q-U) for measuring BI software was developed. A systematic approach was adopted which suggested by many researchers in developing the intended Q-U instrument.The literature has been reviewed in a systematic manner to elicitation Q-U instrument attributes. Multi-methods were used in validating Q-U instrument such as face validity, a pilot study for testing the goodness of Q-U consistency, and factor analysis. Multi-methods were used in validating Q-U instrument such as face validity, a pilot study for testing the goodness of Q-U consistency, and factor analysis as well as Bartlett’s test for measuring the reliability of Q_U. The finding obtained indicates the workability of Q_U in measuring the usability OF BI applications. Ultimately, Q_U was used in measuring BI application in two different sectors.
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Feng, Wei Dong, Ji Hui Pan i Wen Xu. "Hardware System for Automotive Wiring Harness Testing Based on DAQ Instrument". Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (wrzesień 2013): 971–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.971.
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With the development platform based on Advantech DAQ board, we have completed the design of multi-channel analog switch, decoding circuit and impedance testing circuit and built a good hardware platform for the automotive wiring harness testing system. Testing software is used to import different values into the digital I/O of data acquisition card of the hardware of to choose the tested points and then the voltage signal is read from every loop and the voltage signal is sent into the computer. Analyzing, processing, displaying is done by the testing software so that the hardware system becomes the development platform for Lab-VIEW software application.
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Tate, Ruth, Fatima Beauregard, Cristina Peter i Laura Marotta. "Pilot Testing as a Strategy to Develop Interview and Questionnaire Skills for Scholar Practitioners". Impacting Education: Journal on Transforming Professional Practice 8, nr 4 (5.09.2023): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ie.2023.333.
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This essay presents the reflections of four Education Doctorate (EdD) students on the pilot testing strategies used during an online research methods course. Rigorous questionnaire and interview development skills are challenging to acquire. Pilot testing is an under-researched stage of instrument design, yet it is crucial to ensure validity and reliability, reduce bias, and psychologically prepare researchers for data collection. A structured, multi-step pilot testing process led to the collective development of stronger scholar-practitioner identities, the use of innovative synchronous/asynchronous methods during COVID-19 and increased academic rigor. These reflections demonstrate how several types of pilot testing can support the development of rigorous data collection instruments and prepare post-graduate students for the psychological and technical challenges they may encounter in future research.
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Zhao, Yi, i Hui Bing Guo. "Multi-Channel Voltage Pulse Testing Based on Lab Windows/CVI". Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (czerwiec 2012): 850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.850.
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The paper introduces the principle of multi-channel voltage pulse testing scheme based on Lab Windows/CVI. 32 channels of a control system are synchronized acquired through a PXI module NI 6259 and displayed on the virtual instrument interface developed with CVI. The paper illustrates the process of synchronized-selecting more detail in figures and presents a means of how to transform a datum matrix come from NI 6259 to another one which can be calculated and programmed conveniently.
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Tang, Siew Tzuh, i Jane Dixon. "Instrument Translation and Evaluation of Equivalence and Psychometric Properties: The Chinese Sense of Coherence Scale". Journal of Nursing Measurement 10, nr 1 (maj 2002): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jnum.10.1.59.52544.
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Translating well-established English instruments into target languages other than English and testing cross-cultural validity to prove that the same attributes are being measured in each cultural group or country are required before a multicultural or international study can be conducted and cross-cultural comparisons of study results can be applied. However, rigorous and systematic cross-cultural efforts to test the effectiveness of specific translation methods are rare. This article presents a model of translation processes and empirical validation of the translated instrument through description of the translation of a selected instrument—the Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale—from English into Chinese. A cyclic process of forward translations, back translations, and expert evaluation of equivalence by bilingual and English speaking experts was conducted to achieve conceptual equivalence between the original and translated instruments. Empirical validation of the Chinese SOC scale data from a group of bilingual Chinese people demonstrated non-identical, but comparable, item and scale means and variances, internal consistency, and relationships to an external criterion. Advantages and difficulties of using multi-rounds, multi-experts, and multi-methods to establish translation equivalence and to validate the translated Chinese SOC scale are discussed.
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Dai, Dong Bing, Ya Jun Wang, Ye Ping Sun i Zheng Guang Liu. "Development of a Multi-Function Virtual Instrument Based on a Constant Current Source". Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (sierpień 2013): 492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.492.
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Virtual instrument is a result of the computer combined with some instrument hardware, working for the instrumentation applications, it is one trend of the instrumentation development .This paper presents a design of a high-power and high-precision constant current source, studied three different electrical testing technologies based on constant current source and propose the principle of integrated the three electrical test technologies on a virtual instrument platform. A multi-function virtual instrument system based on LabView language, USB data acquisition card and a constant current source has been developed. This system has a high accuracy, high integration and a thecapability of further development etc..
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Zhao, Jing Hui, i Bing Zhou. "Thermocouple Automatic Verificating Device Based on Virtual Instrument Technology". Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (luty 2013): 588–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.588.
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The thermocouple automatic verification device is constructed of Advantech PCI-1716 bus data transmission automatic calibration multi-function data acquisition card, USB-4718 eight-channel thermocouple input module, JKH-C series SCR phase-shift trigger, PC machine as hardware and the U.S. National Instruments (NI)Labview as software development platform. According to temperature test point determined by thermocouple verification regulation, the device controls the temperature of calibration furnace, acquires the standard and the thermocouple millivolt values automatically and calculates the error at each testing point in line with its measurement data processing formula, realizing the functions such as visual operation interface, test data saving and verification certificate printing. Device accuracy: potential measurement error is no more than 0.005. Resolution: potential is 0.01μV. Temperature control accuracy: error deviating the test temperature is no more than ±5°C when testing it. Temperature stability: the constant change is no more than 0.2°C/min in its testing process. The thermocouple calibration uncertainty is better than 0.7°C and the repeatability error is less than 0.25°C.
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Dingley, Gavin, i Manuchehr Soleimani. "Multi-Frequency Magnetic Induction Tomography System and Algorithm for Imaging Metallic Objects". Sensors 21, nr 11 (25.05.2021): 3671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113671.
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Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is largely focused on applications in biomedical and industrial process engineering. MIT has a great potential for imaging metallic samples; however, there are fewer developments directed toward the testing and monitoring of metal components. Eddy-current non-destructive testing is well established, showing that corrosion, fatigue and mechanical loading are detectable in metals. Applying the same principles to MIT would provide a useful imaging tool for determining the condition of metal components. A compact MIT instrument is described, including the design aspects and system performance characterisation, assessing dynamic range and signal quality. The image rendering ability is assessed using both external and internal object inclusions. A multi-frequency MIT system has similar capabilities as transient based pulsed eddy current instruments. The forward model for frequency swap multi-frequency is solved, using a computationally efficient numerical modelling with the edge-based finite elements method. The image reconstruction for spectral imaging is done by adaptation of a spectrally correlative base algorithm, providing whole spectrum data for the conductivity or permeability.
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McAdams, Stephen, Etienne Thoret, Grace Wang i Marcel Montrey. "Timbral cues for learning to generalize musical instrument identity across pitch register". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, nr 2 (luty 2023): 797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017100.
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Timbre provides an important cue to identify musical instruments. Many timbral attributes covary with other parameters like pitch. This study explores listeners' ability to construct categories of instrumental sound sources from sounds that vary in pitch. Nonmusicians identified 11 instruments from the woodwind, brass, percussion, and plucked and bowed string families. In experiment 1, they were trained to identify instruments playing a pitch of C4, and in experiments 2 and 3, they were trained with a five-tone sequence (F#3–F#4), exposing them to the way timbre varies with pitch. Participants were required to reach a threshold of 75% correct identification in training. In the testing phase, successful listeners heard single tones (experiments 1 and 2) or three-tone sequences from (A3–D#4) (experiment 3) across each instrument's full pitch range to test their ability to generalize identification from the learned sound(s). Identification generalization over pitch varies a great deal across instruments. No significant differences were found between single-pitch and multi-pitch training or testing conditions. Identification rates can be predicted moderately well by spectrograms or modulation spectra. These results suggest that listeners use the most relevant acoustical invariance to identify musical instrument sounds, also using previous experience with the tested instruments.
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Wang, Yi-Shun, Ci-Rong Li, Hsin-Hui Lin i Ying-Wei Shih. "The measurement and dimensionality of e-learning blog satisfaction". Internet Research 24, nr 5 (30.09.2014): 546–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-05-2013-0092.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a multi-dimensional instrument to measure e-learning blog satisfaction (ELBS). Design/methodology/approach – This study introduces and defines the construct of ELBS, provides an empirical validation of the construct and its underlying dimensionality, develops a generic ELBS instrument with desirable psychometric properties, and investigates the instrument's theoretical and practical applications. Findings – After analyzing data from a calibration sample (n=238) and a validation sample (n=226), this study proposes a five-factor, 20-item ELBS instrument. Practical implications – This empirically validated instrument will be useful to researchers in terms of developing and testing blog-based learning theories, as well as to educators in terms of understanding students’ ELBS and promoting the use of blog-based learning systems. Originality/value – This study is a pioneering effort to develop and validate a multi-dimensional instrument to measure ELBS.
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Wen, Wu, De Hua He, Hua Feng i Peng Gu. "The Design of a New Network Cabling Experimental Instrument Based on Embedded System". Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (wrzesień 2011): 2427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2427.
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Structured Cabling is not a demonstrative course, but a course to stimulate students’ learning interest and to improve experiment’s efficiency. Unfortunately there are some disadvantages for experimental instruments on the present market, such as low testing speed, low automation level and less functions, etc. A multi-processor structure is proposed in this paper, which consists of a 32-bit ARM processor S3C2440 and a 8-bit Single Chip Microcomputer STC89LE54. This structure is used to develop a new network cabling experimental instrument, which is based on embedded system. The instrument can achieve precise processing, such as synchronous data acquisition for wire cores of 32 standard network lines according to EIA/TIA568A Standard or EIA/TIA568B Standard, display and data storage, etc. The instrument has characteristics of high efficiency, fast response, automatic identification, and ease of use. It is used to implement consistency between teaching and job training. Therefore it has high practical value.
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Duan, Xin Wen, i Hao Sun. "Design and Implementation of the Multi-Functional Virtual Instrument Based on LabVIEW". Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (maj 2014): 1737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1737.
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According to the rapid development and widespread application of virtual instrument technology, a design with serial port and the audio card of PC as the main hardware and LabVIEW as the software development platform is proposed. Not only can it generates and output basic waveform, arbitrary formula wave and hand-painted waveform in real time, but also realizes the function of the oscilloscope system, including: channel selection, collecting and display waveform data in real-time, parameter measurement, spectrum analysis etc. This multi-functional virtual instrument has the advantages of friendly-machine interface, easy to transplant and modify and good scalability. And it has broad prospects in the field of testing, measurement and teaching practice.
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Zhou, Wei Wei, Ji Ye Huang, Ming Yu Gao, Zhi Wei He i Bu Sen Cai. "Design and Realization of CAN-Based Main Control System of Multi-Station Meter Testing Equipment". Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (styczeń 2015): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.411.
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In this paper, 0.05 grade three-phase main control system of multi-station meter testing equipment (MTE) is presented. This design is based on the S3C2440 core board as the control core, and the software is based on Windows CE(WINCE) embedded operating system. The device is displayed and controlled by 7-inch Touch Screen. The main control system communicate with the error instrument and PC through Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, and the largest number of error instruments can connect to CAN bus is 100. The main control system communicates through RS232 bus with three-phase signal source and standard electric energy meter, through RS485 bus with programmable power amplifier. In this device, calibration of energy meters can not only through the PC software, but also use the main control system. Compared to the traditional design of the electric energy meter calibration device, the design’s the man-machine interface is more optimized, the number of electric energy meters can be test in the same time is more, faster communication, stronger anti-interference ability, and calibration is more efficiency.
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Mandal, Kasturi, i Pankaj K. Mandal. "Development of an instrument for measuring adolescent health compromising behaviours among rural students: a Delphi study". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, nr 1 (25.12.2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205686.
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Background: There is an increasing trend of health compromising behaviors in adolescents worldwide. As behavioral determinants are extremely culture specific, person specific and as such least instruments have been developed in West Bengal. The aim of this study was to develop a specific instrument with strong content validity for measuring adolescent health compromising behavior of adolescent students of rural area.Methods: Face and content validity were evaluated in three round Delphi procedure by a panel of 15 experts who had extensive experience and knowledge of adolescent health compromising behavior. To ensure good cultural fit of the instrument with the rural context, modified Delphi procedure conducted among five stakeholders: medical and nursing, psychologist, sociologist, education experts, and parents. Reliability testing done among 100 students through test retest method with one-week interval.Results: A 85 questions-based instrument was developed reflecting 5 areas of health compromising behaviors; physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, unhealthy eating, poor dental hygiene, tobacco use and their multi-dimensional correlates. After round 3 Delphi, the final instrument had overall S–CVI/Ave of 99.05% and found to be reliable as evident by Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) for the scoring questions ranged from 0.72 to 0.84 and Cohen’s kappa coefficient (k) for nominal data, ranged from 0.8-1.Conclusions: The instrument has similarities as well as differences compared with instruments of Western origin. The instrument was valid and reliable and can be applied in both research and practice for measuring adolescent health compromising behaviors.
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Qi, Ning, Qing Guan Chen i Yao Xing Jiang. "General Design of a Kind of Electronic Testing System for Raw Silk". Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (styczeń 2011): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.424.
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To speed up the research pace of domestic electronic testing for raw silk in China, the hardware and software of single-spindle, the general design programs of multi-spindles, the solutions and theories of the existing domestic and international electronic testing for raw silk were discussed and summarized to form an electronic testing system and develop a software package. The system was supported by development environment of Virtual Instrument, the thread guide bayonet and circuit frequency of SD-1(a kind of raw silk instrument) sensor were improved to make the information of the raw silk size and faults into the computer accurately by DAQ in hardware. As far as software was concerned, a special program was designed based on virtual instrument. Serials of information data（voltage values）of the raw silk size and faults was get by the measurement of several groups of raw silk with this system. The testing results of the raw silk size and faults were acquired by the analysis of the fluctuating information data of the raw silk size.
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Zhou, Bing, i Jing Hui Zhao. "Design of Temperature Control System for Thermocouple Verification Based on Virtual Instrument Technology". Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (czerwiec 2013): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.742.
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The thermocouple calibration temperature control system is constructed USB - 4716 200 ks/s, 16 multi-function USB module, JKH-C series thyristor phase shift trigger, PC machine as the main hardware, the U.S. National Instrument (NI) company Labview as the software development platform. According to the precious metal, base metal thermocouple wire thermoelectric EFM method to determine the temperature test point, the temperature control system using automatic control to test furnace temperature, and realize the visual operation interface. Temperature control accuracy: temperature deviation calibration point is less than ± 5 °C when testing the thermocouple, constant temperature stability: constant temperature's change is less than 0.2 °C /min in the thermocouple testing process.
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Simon, Amy A., Hannah H. Kaplan, Dennis C. Reuter, Matthew Montanaro, William M. Grundy, Allen W. Lunsford, Gerald E. Weigle i in. "Lucy L′Ralph In-flight Calibration and Results at (152830) Dinkinesh". Planetary Science Journal 6, nr 1 (1.01.2025): 7. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ad9921.
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Abstract The L’Ralph instrument is a key component of NASA’s Lucy mission, intended to provide spectral image data of multiple Jupiter Trojans. The instrument operates from ∼0.35 to 4 μm using two focal plane assemblies: a 350–950 nm multispectral imager, Multi-spectral Visible Imaging Camera (MVIC), and a 0.97–4 μm imaging spectrometer, Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array (LEISA). Instrument calibration was established through ground testing before launch and has been monitored during cruise utilizing internal calibration sources and stellar targets. In-flight data have shown that the instrument thermal performance is exceeding expectations, allowing for early updates to LEISA radiometric and pointing calibrations. MVIC radiometric performance remains stable more than 3 yr since launch. The serendipitous identification of a new flyby target, (152830) Dinkinesh, allowed testing of instrument performance and interleaved LEISA and MVIC acquisitions on an asteroid target. Both MVIC and LEISA obtained data of Dinkinesh and its moon, Selam, demonstrating that they show good spectral agreement with an S- or Sq-type asteroid, along with evidence of a 3 μm absorption feature.
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Lindenberg, Cathy Strachan, Rosa Solorzano, Maureen Kelley, Vicki Darrow, Sylvia C. Gendrop i Ora Strickland. "Competence and Drug Use: Theoretical Frameworks, Empirical Evidence and Measurement". Journal of Drug Education 28, nr 2 (czerwiec 1998): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/vvc5-4mlm-892q-v6eb.
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Statistics show that use of harmful substances (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine) among women of childbearing age is widespread and serious. Numerous theoretical models and empirical studies have attempted to explain the complex factors that lead individuals to use drugs. The Social Stress Model of Substance Abuse [1] is one model developed to explain parameters that influence drug use. According to the model, the likelihood of an individual engaging in drug use is seen as a function of the stress level and the extent to which it is offset by stress modifiers such as social networks, social competencies, and resources. The variables of the denominator are viewed as interacting with each other to buffer the impact of stress [1]. This article focuses on one of the constructs in this model: that of competence. It presents a summary of theoretical and conceptual formulations for the construct of competence, a review of empirical evidence for the association of competence with drug use, and describes the preliminary development of a multi-scale instrument designed to assess drug protective competence among low-income Hispanic childbearing women. Based upon theoretical and empirical studies, eight domains of drug protective competence were identified and conceptually defined. Using subscales from existing instruments with psychometric evidence for their validity and reliability, a multi-scale instrument was developed to assess drug protective competence. Hypothesis testing was used to assess construct validity. Four drug protective competence domains (social influence, sociability, self-worth, and control/responsibility) were found to be statistically associated with drug use behaviors. Although not statistically significant, expected trends were observed between drug use and the other four domains of drug protective competence (intimacy, nurturance, goal directedness, and spiritual directedness). Study limitations and suggestions for further psychometric testing of the instrument are described.
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Hebert, Andrea. "Information Literacy Skills of First-Year Library and Information Science Graduate Students: An Exploratory Study". Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 13, nr 3 (10.09.2018): 32–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29404.
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Abstract
Objective – This cross-sectional, descriptive study seeks to address a gap in knowledge of both information literacy (IL) self-efficacy and IL skills of students entering Louisiana State University’s Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) program.
Methods – An online survey testing both IL self-efficacy and skills was administered through Qualtrics. The online survey instrument used items from existing instruments (Beile, 2007; Michalak & Rysavy, 2016) and was distributed to two cohorts of incoming students; the first cohort entered the MLIS program in fall 2017, and the second entered in spring 2018.
Results – Data varied between cohorts and between survey instruments for both IL self-efficacy and skills; however, bivariate analysis of data indicated a moderate positive correlation between overall IL self-efficacy and demonstrated IL skill scores in both fall 2017 and spring 2018 cohorts.
Conclusion – The study indicates a need for a larger, multi-institutional study using a rigorously validated instrument to gather data and make generalizable inferences about the IL self-efficacy and skills of incoming LIS graduate students.
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Cui, Yue, Jing Xiang, Dong Wei, Youan Shi, Yanxia Du i Yewei Gui. "Research on key technology of ultrasonic temperature measuring instrument in high-temperature solid structure". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2366, nr 1 (1.11.2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2366/1/012025.
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Abstract Aiming at the key technical requirements of ultrasonic measurement of internal temperature of high temperature solid structure, firstly, the mechanical structure of ultrasonic transducer is miniaturized and high-temperature resistant design is carried out, so that it can withstand the high temperature of 800°C. Meanwhile, the multi-waveform, multi-channel and multi-frequency excitation detection is achieved, and the integration of structure and function is realized. In addition, the high-speed data acquisition module adopts a 1GSPS sampling rate acquisition card combined with the phase-based acoustic time integral zero sub-measurement method to achieve the nanosecond acoustic time measurement accuracy required by ultrasonic temperature measurement. Finally, the reconstructed internal temperature field of steel structure is carried out by using the developed electromagnetic ultrasonic temperature measuring instrument and compared with the temperature measuring result of thermocouple, which verifies the reliability of high temperature resistant electromagnetic ultrasonic probe and high-speed acquisition module. The research shows that the integration of ultrasonic temperature measurement technology and the design and development of instruments will provide effective analysis methods, research means and testing tools for exploring the internal temperature parameters of structures.
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Li, Chang Zheng, i Yong Lei. "A Computer Aided Testing System for an Aero Turbo-Shaft Engine". Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (wrzesień 2011): 542–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.542.
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Engine running plays very important roles in a turbo-shaft engine production and maintenance. Traditional computer aided testing is just work as a data acquisition system to measure parameters and control some devices. In this paper, a CAT system is realized based on VXI and virtual instrument technology, which also communicate with the PLC, the ECU and the dynamometer, to provide a centralized information system for a turbo-shaft engine running. Multi-functions are realized to assistant users before, during and after experiments.
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Zhao, Ziyu, Zhongke Feng, Jiali Liu i Yuan Wang. "Development and Testing of a New UWB Positioning Measurement Tool to Assist in Forest Surveys". Sustainability 14, nr 24 (19.12.2022): 17042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142417042.
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Forest resource inventory is a significant part of the sustainable management of forest ecosystems. Finding methods to accurately estimate the diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height and tree position is a significant part of forest resource inventory. The traditional methods of forest resource inventory are expensive, difficult, laborious and time-consuming; the existing systems are not convenient to carry, resulting in low working efficiency. In addition, it is usually necessary to rely on a forest compass, DBH taper and RTK or handheld GPS to set up the plot. These instruments each have a single function and cannot achieve accurate positioning under the forest canopy. Therefore, it is necessary to update the existing equipment and technology. This study aimed to design. a multi-functional, high-precision, real-time. positioning intelligent tree-measuring instrument that integrates plot the set-up, DBH measurement, tree height measurement and tree position measurement. The instrument is based on the ultra-wideband positioning principle, sensor technology, image processing technology, trigonometric functions, tree surveying and other related theories and realizes the functions of plot set-up, tree position measurement, DBH measurement, tree height measurement and other functions. The device was tested in four square plots. The results showed that the root mean squared. error (RMSE). of the tree position estimates ranged from 0.07 m to 0.16 m, while the relative root mean squared error (rRMSE) of the DBH estimates of individual trees ranged from 3.01 to 6.43%, which is acceptable for practical applications in traditional forest inventory. The rRMSE of the tree height estimates ranged from 3.47 to 5.21%. Furthermore, the cost of this instrument is only about one-third that of traditional forestry survey tools, while the work efficiency is three times that of the traditional measurement methods. Overall, the results confirmed that the tree measuring instrument is a practical tool for obtaining. accurate measurements of the tree position, DBH and tree height for forest inventories.
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Rodriguez-Macadaeg, Fatima, Paul R. Armstrong, Elizabeth B. Maghirang, Erin D. Scully, Daniel L. Brabec, Frank H. Arthur, Arlene D. Adviento-Borbe, Kevin F. Yaptenco i Delfin C. Suministrado. "Developing a Multi-Spectral NIR LED-Based Instrument for the Detection of Pesticide Residues Containing Chlorpyrifos-Methyl in Rough, Brown, and Milled Rice". Sensors 24, nr 13 (21.06.2024): 4055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24134055.
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A recent study showed the potential of the DA Perten 7200 NIR Spectrometer in detecting chlorpyrifos-methyl pesticide residue in rough, brown, and milled rice. However, this instrument is still lab-based and generally suited for point-of-sale testing. To provide a field-deployable version of this technique, an existing light emitting diode (LED)-based instrument that provides discrete NIR wavelength illumination and reflectance spectra over the range of 850–1550 nm was tested. Spectra were collected from rough, brown, and milled rice at different pesticide concentrations and analyzed for quantitative and qualitative measurement using partial least squares regression (PLS) and discriminant analysis (DA). Simulations for two LED-based instruments were also evaluated using corresponding segments of spectra from the DA7200 to represent LED illumination. For the simulation of the existing LED-based instrument (LEDPrototype1) fitted with 850, 910, 940, 970, 1070, 1200, 1300, 1450, and 1550 nm LED wavelengths, resulting R2 ranged from 0.52 to 0.71, and the correct classification was 70.4% to 100%. The simulation of a second LED instrument (LEDPrototype2) fitted with 980, 1050, 1200, 1300, 1450, 1550, 1600, and 1650 nm LED wavelengths showed R2 of 0.59 to 0.82 and correct classifications of 66% to 100%. These LED wavelengths were selected based on the significant wavelength regions from the PLS regression coefficients of DA7200 and the commercial availability of LED wavelengths. Results showed that it is possible to use a multi-spectral LED-based instrument to detect varying levels of chlorpyrifos-methyl pesticide residue in rough, brown, and milled rice.
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Fischer-Cripps, A. C. "Multiple-frequency dynamic nanoindentation testing". Journal of Materials Research 19, nr 10 (1.10.2004): 2981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0368.
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A new method of dynamic nanoindentation testing is introduced in this paper. Conventional dynamic nanoindentation testing involves the superposition of a single frequency sinusoidal force or displacement onto the quasi-static load–displacement curve. However, the viscoelastic response of many materials depends upon the frequency of the deformation of the material. This paper describes a method whereby the storage and loss modulus of viscoelastic solids can be determined using a multi-frequency dynamic oscillatory motion mode of deformation. In this method, the applied load is modulated by a pseudo-random force signal comprising multiple frequencies. A Fourier analysis is then used to deconvolute the signal into frequency-dependent values of storage and loss modulus for the specimen material as a function of frequency. The instrument response is cancelled by the use of a reference transfer function using an equalization process. Established modeling equations can then be used to extract the modulus of elasticity and the viscosity of the specimen material.
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Zolotor, Adam J., Desmond K. Runyan, Michael P. Dunne, Dipty Jain, Helga R. Péturs, Clemencia Ramirez, Elena Volkova i in. "ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool Children's Version (ICAST-C): Instrument development and multi-national pilot testing". Child Abuse & Neglect 33, nr 11 (listopad 2009): 833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.004.
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Nimfa, Danjuma T., Ahmad S. A. Latiff i Sazali A. Wahab. "Instrument for Testing Innovation on the Sustainable Growth of Manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria". Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 3, nr 2 (16.06.2020): p57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/jems.v3n2p57.
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This paper is based on a pilot study which was conducted to test innovation on the sustainable growth of SMEs by focusing on the methodological viewpoints. The objective of the pilot study was to assess the viability, length of time, cost, and adverse effects of innovation on the sustainable growth of SMEs in Nigeria so as to enhance the design of the questionnaire before its full implementation. A review of the research instrument was performed by four multi-disciplinary academics who specialised in management, accounting, and strategic management, respectively. The aim was to ensure consistency in the questionnaire so that respondents would have no trouble completing them. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Version 23 was used to assist in the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) which tests for reliability and the Cronbach alpha values were used to examine the content and face validity of the instrument. All the constructs and items used in the model were adapted from previous literature. The sample size used for the study comprised 100 respondents recruited from the SMEs operating in Nigeria. The findings showed that all the constructs in the model carried a high Cronbach alpha value of above 0.7. Therefore, all items used in the instrument were retained. This study is expected to contribute to the literature on methodological multivariate studies, the quantitative approach research on innovation, and the sustainable growth of SMEs.
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Spuler, S. M., K. S. Repasky, B. Morley, D. Moen, M. Hayman i A. R. Nehrir. "Field deployable diode-laser-based differential absorption lidar (DIAL) for profiling water vapor". Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, nr 11 (18.11.2014): 11265–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-11265-2014.
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Abstract. A field deployable water vapor profiling instrument that builds on the foundation of the preceding generations of diode-laser-based differential absorption lidar (DIAL) laboratory prototypes has been constructed and tested. Significant advances are discussed, including: a unique shared telescope design that allows expansion of the outgoing beam for eye-safe operation with opto-mechanical and thermal stability, multi-stage optical filtering enabling measurement during daytime bright-cloud conditions, rapid spectral switching between the online and offline wavelengths enabling measurements during changing atmospheric conditions, and enhanced performance at lower ranges by the introduction of a new filter design and the addition of a wide field-of-view channel. Performance modeling, testing and intercomparisons have been performed and are discussed. In general, the instrument has 150 m range resolution with 10 min temporal resolution – 1 min temporal resolution in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere is demonstrated. The instrument was shown capable of autonomous long term field operation – 50 days with a >95% uptime – under a broad set of atmospheric conditions and potentially forms the basis for a ground-based network of eye-safe autonomous instruments needed for the atmospheric sciences research and forecasting communities.
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Sui, Zhong Wei, Jian Xiang Guo, Guo You Gao i Jia Wen Qiang. "Self-Operating Differential Pressure Control Valve Testing Research Based on the Multi-Functional Fluid Apparatus". Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (grudzień 2012): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.615.
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Self-operating differential pressure control valves has been widely used in HVAC system because of its unique control functions .For the research and development of the valves, a large number of performance parameters such as flow-resistance and controlled pressure difference are required.This paper proposed a multi-functional fluid apparatus on the basis of virtual instrument technology and variable frequency technology which can achieve continuous sampling of the test point.The measurement method and valve characteristics analysis are also practised.
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Bobe, Daija, Mykhailo Kopylov, Jessalyn Miller, Aaron P. Owji i Edward T. Eng. "Multi-species cryoEM calibration and workflow verification standard". Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 80, nr 11 (31.10.2024): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x24010318.
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Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) is a rapidly growing structural biology modality that has been successful in revealing molecular details of biological systems. However, unlike established biophysical and analytical techniques with calibration standards, cryoEM has lacked comprehensive biological test samples. Here, a cryoEM calibration sample consisting of a mixture of compatible macromolecules is introduced that can not only be used for resolution optimization, but also provides multiple reference points for evaluating instrument performance, data quality and image-processing workflows in a single experiment. This combined test specimen provides researchers with a reference point for validating their cryoEM pipeline, benchmarking their methodologies and testing new algorithms.
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Härenstam, Annika, Erik Berntson, Lisa Björk, Linda Corin, Rebecca Fältén i Aleksandra Bujacz. "Measuring Trust in Public Sector Organizations – Research Note". Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 9, nr 1 (8.04.2024): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/sjwop.234.
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The study aims to develop and psychometrically test an instrument to assess trust in public sector organizations. Although trust-based management is of interest in many municipalities in the Nordic countries, an instrument to assess trust adapted for this context is lacking. The present study complies with Luhmann’s system theory and commonly used instruments in this tradition. Data from 240 first-line managers (RR 75%) and 1,871 employees (RR 47%) from all departments in one Swedish municipality were analyzed with a multi-level approach. Out of 16 initial items presented to first-line managers and employees, 8 were retained after the psychometrical testing in both samples. Factor loadings at both within and between levels, and the multilevel homology when exploring convergent and criterion-related validity, showed a similar pattern of two distinct factors. Similar to other previously developed instruments, Supervisory Trust was one dimension. The second construct Organizational Trust included items on trust in politicians and administrative specialists, in addition to trust in top-level managers. The Public Sector Organizational Trust Inventory can be recommended for use in future research on trust at individual as well as group levels.
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Zhang, Xin, Ji Long Zhao i Qing Liang Zeng. "Study of the Testing System for Roadheader Pump and Motor". Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (styczeń 2015): 761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.761.
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For the performance testing demands of roadheader hydraulic components, a hydraulic system of multi-interface and high-precision sensors is built and the signal acquisition and processing system based on PLC and data acquisition card high speed acquisition module is established. A software system based on LabWindows/CVI is developed. High precision, reliability, stable and functional test system is built by using precise sensor technology, electro-hydraulic proportional control technology and automation instrument technology, and then the pump and motor performance tests is completed. The system can simulate the actual working conditions of the pump and motor, making the test results more accurate and credible.
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Jesus, Stefhanie Conceição de, Kátia Cilene Godinho Bertoncello, Fernanda Alves Ferreira Gonçalves, Aline Daiane Colaço, Geline Nascente Soares Lentz i Dulcinéia Ghizoni Schneider. "Construction of a nursing care instrument for patients with central venous catheters". Rev Rene 23 (5.01.2022): e70967. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20222370967.
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Objective: to build a nursing care instrument for patients with short-term central venous catheters in an Intensive Care Unit. Methods: a multi-method study in three stages: structuring of the instrument; pre-testing of the instrument; agreement analyses among nurses and final composition of the instrument. Results: the instrument, in its first version, presented three domains related to the moment of insertion (five items), maintenance (15 items) and catheter removal (ten items). Most of the 30 items were assessed as relevant (23/77%) and presented a satisfactory Content Validity Index (28/93%). Ten items were reformulated, 32 new items were included, and three items were deleted. Conclusion: the instrument was constructed, which presented response validity for the care of nurses to patients with central venous catheters in Intensive Care Units, consisting of three domains and 59 items evaluated by nurses and considered appropriate for the moments of insertion, maintenance and removal of the catheter.
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Salazar, Sean, i Richard Coffman. "Multi-Channel Optical Receiver for Ground-Based Topographic Hyperspectral Remote Sensing". Remote Sensing 11, nr 5 (9.03.2019): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050578.
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Receiver design is integral to the development of a new remote sensor. An effective receiver delivers backscattered light to the detector while optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio at the desired wavelengths. Towards the goal of effective receiver design, a multi-channel optical receiver was developed to collect range-resolved, backscattered energy for simultaneous hyperspectral and differential absorption spectrometry (LAS) measurements. The receiver is part of a new, ground-based, multi-mode lidar instrument for remote characterization of soil properties. The instrument, referred to as the soil observation laser absorption spectrometer (SOLAS), was described previously in the literature. A detailed description of the multi-channel receiver of the SOLAS is presented herein. The hyperspectral channel receives light across the visible near-infrared (VNIR) to shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectrum (350–2500 nm), while the LAS channel was optimized for detection in a narrower portion of the near-infrared range (820–850 nm). The range-dependent field of view for each channel is presented and compared with the beam evolution of the SOLAS instrument transmitter. Laboratory-based testing of each of the receiver channels was performed to determine the effectiveness of the receiver. Based on reflectance spectra collected for four soil types, at distances of 20, 35, and 60 m from the receiver, reliable hyperspectral measurements were gathered, independent of the range to the target. Increased levels of noise were observed at the edges of the VNIR and SWIR detector ranges, which were attributed to the lack of sensitivity of the instrument in these regions. The suitability of the receiver design, for the collection of both hyperspectral and LAS measurements at close-ranges, is documented herein. Future development of the instrument will enable the combination of long-range, ground-based hyperspectral measurements with the LAS measurements to correct for absorption, due to atmospheric water vapor. The envisioned application for the instrument includes the rapid characterization of bare or vegetated soils and minerals, such as are present in mine faces and tailings, or unstable slopes.
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Farooq, Farhan, Asad Khan, Seung June Lee, Mohammad Mahad Nadeem i Woojin Choi. "A Multi-Channel Fast Impedance Spectroscopy Instrument Developed for Quality Assurance of Super-Capacitors". Energies 14, nr 4 (21.02.2021): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041139.
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Conventional experimental methods for testing the performance of super-capacitors include the measurement of capacitance through charge and discharge, measurement of equivalent series resistance (ESR) and measurement of self-discharge and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). However, the methods are not suitable for the mass production line of supercapacitors since they require a long time for the test and several kinds of different instrument. EIS is an attractive method to evaluate the performance of supercapacitors except that it takes a long time for a single test. In this paper a fast EIS instrument suitable for quality assurance for the mass production of supercapacitors is proposed. In order to reduce the time for the test, a multi-sine sweeping method is used for the EIS test and the results are analyzed by extracting the parameters of the ECM to evaluate the performance of the supercapacitors. The proposed instrument is developed to have multi-channel to further decrease the time for the test with a supercapacitor. It is also presented as to how the extracted parameter values of the ECM can be used to evaluate the performance of the supercapacitor.
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Ren, Gao Feng, Cong Rui Zhang i Sa Sa Zhang. "Research on Automatic Monitoring System for the Construction and Protection of the Approaching Metro Tunnels Based on LabVIEW". Advanced Materials Research 905 (kwiecień 2014): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.565.
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As the urban subway leapfrogs in recent years, there are abound with close-spaced construction of metro tunnels. With the development of computer and software technology, virtual instrument will be widely developed in the testing field. The essay focuses on the usage of virtual instrument to develop a set of LabVIEW-based multi-sensor automatic monitoring system for the construction and protection of the adjacent metro tunnels. And with the comprehensive analysis of the monitoring data, the system can forecast the potential danger in a project. This monitoring system provides guidance for the adjacent construction and provides similar projects for reference.
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McGlasson, David L., i Patrick N. Shaklee. "A Multi-Instrument Evaluation of a Commercial Chromogenic Factor X Assay To Monitor Oral Anticoagulation Therapy." Blood 104, nr 11 (16.11.2004): 4059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4059.4059.
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Abstract Introduction: A multi-instrument evaluation of the chromogenic DiaPharma Factor X Assay kit (DFX) was undertaken in order to evaluate the utility of the kit for measuring factor X levels in patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT). Methods: The DFX microtiter method was compared to a clottable FX (CFX)method in Laboratory 1. All clottable assays were performed on the Diagnostica-Stago STA automated coagulation analyzer using STA Neoplastine CI+ as the thromboplastin reagent with a low ISI. All testing was performed on citrated plasmas. A normal range was established using 30 normal subjects. Clinical sensitivity was tested using 30 specimens from subjects on OAT. The samples were assayed for FX levels by DFX and CFX, and international normalized ratios (INR) were calculated. Thirty-one specimens that were positive for the presence of hemolysis, icteric color, lipemia, heparin and lupus anticoagulants (LA) were analyzed for FX by both methods to check for the influence of interfering substances. Nineteen subjects with the presence of an LA on OAT and an unstable INR with specimens taken at 8 time points were evaluated by both methods. Laboratory 2 used an STA compact and reagents to evaluate both the CFX and DFX methods. A normal range was established using 25 normal subjects on both methods. Fifty-five subjects on OAT were evaluated by both the CFX and the DFX methods. Precision and accuracy testing using different levels of FX were analyzed by all methods at both institutions. Results: The results of both laboratories are as follows: FX Chromogenic vs. Clotting Precision Data: Laboratory 1 performed precision testing using times 10 replicates on 6 specimens, run on the DFX in the range of 10 – 120% FX activity. Using 5 known standards for the DFX, assay accuracy ranged from 99.2 – 100.8% recovery. Laboratory 2 performed precision testing on 3 levels of FX (n = 12). Precision Data Conclusions: The present studies of the DFX kit demonstrated the assays robustness, precision, accuracy and utility for monitoring patients on OAT with and without interfering substances, the presence of an LA or unstable INR. The DiaPharma Factor X Kit recently received 510(k) market clearance from the FDA. This assay should offer health care providers an option for monitoring patients receiving OAT, especially those where INR values may not be reliable when an LA is present, and screening for factor X deficiencies. Laboratory 1 Normals (n=30) OAT (n=30, INR=1.74-5.9) Range Mean Correlation Range Mean Correlation Chromogenic 72.0 – 137.6% 113.8% 0.906 19.3 – 62.5% 31.0% 0.903 Clotting 94.1 – 159.7% 109.5% 7.0 – 48.0% 13.9% OAT with presence of LA (n = 19) Interfering Substances (n=31, INR 1.0 – 1.2) Range Mean Correlation Range Mean Correlation Chromogenic 7.0 – 122.0% 33.1% 0.841 101.2 – 126.4% 113.8% 0.906 Clotting 2.7 – 101.0% 22.8% 97.4 – 120.7% 109.5% Laboratory 2 Normals (n = 25) OAT (n=55) Range Mean Correlation Range Mean Correlation Chromogenic 83.0 – 147.0% 120.4% 0.871 17.0 – 65.0% 32.5% 0.948 Clotting 69.0 – 139.0% 105.7% 2.0 – 41.0% CV (%) Laboratory 1 Laboratory 2 Chromogenic 1.9 – 10.4% 2.5 – 5.1% Clotting N/A 4.6 – 9.2%
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Diamante, Raymar B. "Multi-Size Brazing and Soldering Tube Holder". Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, nr 4 (16.10.2023): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.888.
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A Multi-Size Brazing and Soldering Tube Holder (MSBaST) to make soldering and brazing proto-solved installations in the high walls of buildings is more accessible and safer and can prevent accidents or harm caused by fire corrosion. Specifically, the study aimed to design and fabricate a holder and evaluate its acceptability in design, usability (angle position of clamping, fitness of clamping on the tube), and effectiveness. The Holder underwent technical evaluation before the final level of acceptability was assessed. The researcher utilized a validated research instrument to gather data from groups of experts, academe, and users. The evaluation results showed high acceptability regarding the Holder's design, usability, and effectiveness. Additionally, testing demonstrated that the time elapsed while using the Holder was much lower than soldering and brazing without it.