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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
1
Smock, Raymond W. "Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy? Accessing Government Records in the Wake of 9/11/2001." Public Historian 25, no. 2 (2003): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2003.25.2.123.
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Access to some federal government records has become more difficult since the terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001. Some records previously opened have been reclassified. Records related to the infrastructure of cities, construction plans of government buildings, development of military weapons, biological warfare subjects, and biographical information on U. S. citizens were the first categories to be tightened. Historians should keep a watchful eye on these developments. Balancing issues of national security with the public's right to government information is a crucial debate in a democracy that depends on information to make proper judgments about the workings of government.
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Li, M. V., A. V. Potylitsyn, and A. V. Martynova. "The use of information technologies in assessing the quality of medical care." Manager Zdravookhranenia, no. 4 (June 7, 2023): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-4-65-75.
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The currently relevant value-based healthcare model (Value-Based Healthcare) is more focused on ensuring long-term effectiveness and patient satisfaction, which is directly related to the implementation of the principles of patient-oriented and patient-centered activities [1]. In accordance with the Proposals (practical recommendations) on the organization of internal quality control and safety of medical activities in a medical organization (hospital) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Institute of Quality” of Roszdravnadzor, compliance with the principles of patient-centered medical care provides for the development and implementation at the level of a medical organization of a patient safety strategy, including compliance with ethical standards and rules in the implementation of medical care activities. This also includes the procedure for organizing feedback with patients [15]. The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing most aspects of hospital activities from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components. The purpose of the study is to provide the results of the implementation of the author’s information and analytical system for collecting and processing information about patient satisfaction through an electronic web questionnaire and providing the calculation of satisfaction indicators in a multidisciplinary hospital. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The basis of the study was a multidisciplinary hospital of the state budgetary healthcare institution “Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2” in Vladivostok. Within the framework of the study, the inpatient patients were surveyed using questionnaires in electronic form prepared by a medical organization, an information and analytical system was developed to conduct a mathematical analysis of the results of the survey according to five criteria for assessing the quality of medical care conditions. The study used a questionnaire including 20 questions, the answers to which express the opinion of patients about the quality of work of doctors and nursing staff, the comfort of the conditions of stay in the emergency department, as well as in the hospital during hospitalization. The questionnaire was developed in 2015, and for many years the survey was conducted using paper and manual calculations. But since 2021, patient questionnaires and analysis of the collected data have been transferred to an electronic format. In this article we present the results obtained with the help of an information system for collecting and analyzing questionnaires, in which adult patients of a round-the-clock hospital participated. R e s u l t s . The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing a number of aspects of hospital activity from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of measures to ensure comfortable conditions for the patient’s stay and can be used in practical healthcare to organize measures to eliminate defects and make decisions on the management of a medical organization. C o n c l u s i o n s . The introduction of additional methods for studying patient satisfaction using electronic forms, taking into account the specifics of the work of a medical organization to the requirements established by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of interaction with patients and can be one of the tools for assessing the social effectiveness of a medical organization (hospital).
3
Kodrić Zaimović, Lejla. "Znanstveni portal Bošnjačkog instituta - Fondacije Adila Zulfikarpašića i Memoria Bosniaca = The Academic Portal of the Bosniac Institute – Foundation of Adil Zulfikarpašić and Memoria Bosniaca." Bosniaca 22, no. 22 (2017): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37083/bosn.2017.22.84.
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Formiranjem institucijskih repozitorija unutar bosanskohercegovačkih baštinsko-informacijskih, akademskih, obrazovnih te poslovnih ustanova produkti intelektualnog rada bosanskohercegovač-ke “znanstvenoistraživačke dijaspore” i dalje ostaju dislocirani, nekoherentni, odnosno pohranjeni u institucijskim repozitorijima ustanova diljem svijeta, a samim time za ovdašnje uvjete nedostu-pni. Potaknut ovakvim promjenama, Bošnjački institut – Fondacija Adila Zulfikarpašića, s obzirom na svoje infrastrukturne i izvedbene mogućnosti, doprinosi bosanskohercegovačkoj, kao i široj zajednici na način formiranja institucijskog repozitorija koji, u prvoj svojoj fazi, funkcionira kao prostor pohrane i diseminiranja važnih rezultata znanstvenih radova Bosanaca i Hercegovaca u ino-zemstvu, s posebnom usmjerenošću k radovima koji tematiziraju pitanja od nacionalnog značaja, na ovaj način osiguravajući mjesnu usmjerenost, odnosno centralizirano okupljanje informacijskih izvora koji na bilo koji način i u bilo kojem aspektu tematiziraju pitanja bosanskohercegovačke kulturne i znanstvene baštine. Rad predstavlja institucijski repozitorij koji funkcionira kao prostor digitalne pohrane i korištenja informacijskih izvora – produkata intelektualnog rada istraživača i znanstvenika, ali i kao važna akademsko-znanstvena društvena mreža. Usto, u radu se donose isku-stva u vezi sa strategijama izgradnje i upravljanja institucijskim repozitorijima koji funkcioniraju na principu tzv. samoarhiviranja te otvorenog pristupa. = By forming institutional repositories within a number of Bosnian-Herzegovinian heritage and information institutions, but also within academic, educational and business ones, intellectual work products of Bosnian-Herzegovinian “sci-entific-research diaspora” still remain dislocated and incoherent, or more precisely – stored within a number of in-stitutional repositories throughout the world and, consequently, not directly available in the local context. Inspired by these circumstances and using its infrastructural and performing capacities, The Bosniac Institute – Foundation of Adil Zulfikarpašić contributes Bosnian-Herzegovinian as well as the broader community by forming such a institutional repository wich, in its first phase, functions as a place for storing and disseminating important results of Bosnian-Herzegovinian academic and scientific work, with specific orientation to those works dealing with the issues of national importance. In this way the Institute has assured centralized gathering of information sources concerning different questions of Bosnian-Herzegovinan cultural, academic and scientific heritage. In this connection, the proposed paper aims to represent the idea of institutional repository functioning as a space for digital storing and using of information sources – intellectual work products of scientists and researchers, but also as a very important academic and scientific social network. Besides, the paper brings experiences of strategies of building and management of institutional reposi-tories which function on the principle of self-archiving and open access.
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Bashkyrov, O. M., O. P. Krushenytskyi, and A. Yu Dmytrenko. "ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE TRAINING OF CYBER DEFENCE SPECIALISTS OF THE SECURITY AND DEFENCE SECTOR OF UKRAINE." Scientific Notes of Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, no. 1(29) (2024): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51707/2618-0529-2024-29-03.
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In recent years, russian intelligence agencies have demonstrated the capability to overcome security measures even in well-protected companies and government networks worldwide, including the security system of the U. S. military base on Guam. According to estimates from the Security Service of Ukraine, russia is currently carrying out around 10 cyber attacks on Ukraine daily. Therefore, the training of cybersecurity professionals for our country, especially in the sector of security and defense in Ukraine, is now an urgent and relevant task. Establishing a robust information security system for critical infrastructure objects is a crucial element of the defense strategy of any country. According to the Military Security Strategy of Ukraine, approved by the President’s Decree on March 25, 2021, enhancing the capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, territorial defense forces, and other components of defense forces to fulfill assigned tasks is a specific priority. One practical direction in implementing this priority is the development of capabilities in ensuring cyber security, cyber protection, and cyber defense, countering aggression in cyberspace during the preparation and conduct of comprehensive defense in Ukraine. Furthermore, the Law of Ukraine “On Education” defines information and communication competence as one of the key competencies of a modern individual. Therefore, this article addresses the timely topic of improving the organization of training for the leadership of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in the field of ensuring cyber security for the state. The article discusses the tasks of a cyber range and justifies practical ways of their implementation. The experience of some higher education institutions in Ukraine regarding the organizational and technical structure of a cyber range is presented. Using these institutions as examples, the creation of a cyber range at the National Defense University of Ukraine for the training of cyber defense specialists for the Armed Forces of Ukraine and conducting cyber exercises with them is proposed. The article develops proposals regarding its functional structure.
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Idrizi, Bashkim, and Mirdon Kurteshi. "Web System for Online and Onsite Usage of Geoinformation by Surveying Sector in Kosovo. Case Study: Ferizaj Municipality." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2019): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i3.13469.
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The purpose of research to determine and contribute in more efficient services to geoinformation stakeholders, as well as to give positive impact on increasing income in geo business sector, voluntary based web system for online usage of geoinformation in Kosovo has been developed. The method used was puting in to one place many sourcec via WMS and WFS services, by creating thematic SDI, in order to have online system with dynamic data comming from official databases with update from last day on 5 pm. System is open for usage by all interested parts, however official registration is required. It contains geoinformation from many databases such as cadastral, orthophoto, municipal, and basemaps from open layers. The results show that the system is extendable and it is permanently including new datasets based on the user requirements. All available data is linked via web services, which gives an opportunity to users to use the updated version of datasets as they are published by responsible institution via www (world wide web).
 Keywords: web map, geoportal, geoinformation, web services, Kosovo
 References
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 Brimicombe, A.J. (2002). GIS-where are the frontiers now. GIS 2002. Bahrain.
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 Copyright (c) 2019 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
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Shin, Dong-Hee. "Ubiquitous city: Urban technologies, urban infrastructure and urban informatics." Journal of Information Science 35, no. 5 (2009): 515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551509100832.
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South Korea continues to lead the way in digital opportunity with its recent, innovative and ubiquitous city projects. The u-city initiative in South Korea is a national urban development project that focuses on strengthening the role of information and communication technologies in civic planning and management. This study tracks the changing dynamics driving the information society initiative of South Korea to evaluate the process of design and development of u-city. This study reviews qualitative data related to the u-city projects, describes the transformations and translation of this data in the public, political, and social discourse, and discusses the prospectus of a ubiquitous information society environment. The findings raise fundamental, practical questions about the role of ubiquitous computing in shaping our future cities. The findings show that there are more challenges ahead than prospects, despite the fact that the u-city has all the advanced technological components for a positive development. The South Korean u-city is typically more prone to problems related to the lack of social infrastructure, market restrictions, political quagmires and vested financial interests. The paper discusses the deficiencies of the South Korean approach, namely a lack of holistic approach by integrating technological possibilities with social application needs.
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Maisons, V., Y. Ramdani, C. Messaien, et al. "AB0768 NEW INSIGHTS ON EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA AND IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON IGA VASCULITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS IN FRANCE: A NATIONWIDE COHORT." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 1592.1–1592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.5618.
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BackgroundIgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a rare autoimmune disease affecting small vessels. It is well established that the incidence is higher in children (3 to 26 per 100,000 children/year,)[1]than in adults (0.1 to 1.8 per 100,000 individuals/year)[1]. However others epidemiological data and impact of the COVID-19 on IgAV remain overlooked[2].ObjectivesTo collect and analyze epidemiological data on IgAV in both adults and children in France.MethodsWe conducted an observational study using a national database called “BNDMR”[3](Banque Nationale de Données Maladies Rares) on IgA vasculitis (code ORPHA761), which gathered patients managed in the French rare disease expert network. The incidence was estimated from the date of diagnosis, and we calculated the median annual incidence over the period 2010-2022. We specifically assessed the north/south gradient (latitude of the residence higher/lower than the median of the latitudes), the seasonality, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to other patients reported within the same period and addressed in the same expert centers used as controls.ResultsDuring this 12-year period, 1988 patients with IgAV were reported (1498 children; 490 adults). The male to female ratio was 1.57 for adults and 1.05 for children. The median IgAV annual incidence was 15 cases/year [IQR 9-30] and 82 cases/year [IQR 72-86] for adult and children cases respectively. Time to diagnosis was less than 1 month for both. Compared with other patients reported in the same expert centers, IgAV was more frequently reported in the southern part of France than in the north (OR 4.88 [95% confidence intervals: 4.17 - 5.74] in adults and OR 1.51 [1.35 - 1.68] in children). IgAV was also more frequently observed in winter than during the rest of the year in both adults (OR 1.60 [1.39 - 1.82]) and children (OR 1.22 [1.01 - 1.48]). The incidence of IgAV decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic period (from March 2020 to September 2022) in children (OR 0.62 [0.47 - 0.81]) but not in the adult population (OR 0.90 [0.76 - 1.06]).ConclusionOur study confirms the winter seasonality and sex ratio in IgAV[4,5], but suggests that the incidence or the reporting of IgAV decreased in children during the COVID19 pandemia, possibly due to barrier measures[6]. The observed north/south gradient need confirmation. The main limitation of this study is a possible IgAV under-reporting as this study rely only on cases addressed in expert centers.References[1]Audemard-Verger A, Pillebout E, Guillevin L, Thervet E, Terrier B. IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Shönlein purpura) in adults: Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14(7):579-585. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.02.003[2]Deshayes S, Moulis G, Pillebout E, Aouba A, Audemard-Verger A. Positive predictive value of hospital discharge diagnosis code to identify immunoglobulin A vasculitis in France: A validation study.Eur J Intern Med. 2017;43:e18-e19. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2017.05.025[3]Jannot AS, Messiaen C, Khatim A, Pichon T, Sandrin A, BNDMR infrastructure team. The ongoing French BaMaRa-BNDMR cohort: implementation and deployment of a nationwide information system on rare disease.J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2022;29(3):553-558. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab237[4]Piram M, Maldini C, Biscardi S, et al. Incidence of IgA vasculitis in children estimated by four-source capture-recapture analysis: a population-based study.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017;56(8):1358-1366. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex158[5]Gardner-Medwin JMM, Dolezalova P, Cummins C, Southwood TR. Incidence of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease, and rare vasculitides in children of different ethnic origins.Lancet. 2002;360(9341):1197-1202. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11279-7[6]Kaya Akca U, Atalay E, Cuceoglu MK, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency of the pediatric rheumatic diseases.Rheumatol Int. 2022;42(1):51-57. doi:10.1007/s00296-021-05027-7Figure.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Setiyawan, Anang. "The Urgency of Defining Indonesia�s National Critical Infrastructure." UNIFIKASI : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 6, no. 2 (2019): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/unifikasi.v6i2.1673.
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Abstract: Indonesia has experienced millions of cyber attacks but it has never been able to be handled properly and completely, partly because of weak policies and conventional perspectives in understanding cyber threats. A country's vital infrastructure is related to a country's national interests, so threats to vital infrastructure are tantamount to threatening Indonesia's national interests. The level of use and dependence of a country on information and communication technology is directly proportional to the level of security and defense vulnerability in a country. Communication network connectivity and information technology cause security in this domain to become a separate issue in itself. This study aims to outline the importance of Indonesia to establish a national vital infrastructure in Indonesia in order to prepare Indonesia to face threats in the fifth domain. Determination of national vital infrastructure is urgent because it is closely related to the determination of jurisdiction, national defense and security policies in the cyber domain. This research is a normative study using a comparative approach. The results showed that Indonesia still uses a conventional perspective in seeing the form of threats and determining national vital objects as stipulated in Presidential Regulation No. 63 year 2014. Therefore, in order to face the threats of defense, security as well as national interests of Indonesia in the cyber domain, government needs to evaluate existing policies in accordance with the modern threats, as well as to establish and define Indonesia's vital national infrastructure.Keywords: national interest, security, defense, critical infrastructure, cyber threat.Urgensi Penetapan Infrastruktur Vital Nasional Indonesia�Abstrak: Indonesia mengalami jutaan serangan cyber namun tidak pernah dapat ditangani dengan baik dan tuntas, hal ini diantaranya disebabkan karena lemahnya kebijakan dan perspektif konvensional dalam memahami ancaman cyber. Infrastruktur vital suatu Negara sangat terkait dengan kepentingan nasional suatu Negara, sehingga ancaman terhadap infrastruktur ini sama artinya dengan mengancam kepentingan nasional Indonesia. Tingginya penggunaan dan ketergantungan suatu Negara terhadap teknologi informasi dan komunikasi berbanding lurus dengan tingkat kerentanan keamanan dan pertahanan disuatu Negara. Konektifitas jaringan komunikasi dan teknologi informasi menyebabkan keamanan di domain ini menjadi masalah tersendiri yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan pentingnya Indonesia untuk menetapkan dan mendefinisikan infratruktur vital nasional di Indonesia dalam rangka mempersiapkan Indonesia menghadapi ancaman pertahanan dan keamanan di domain kelima. Upaya penentuan infrastruktur vital nasional ini penting segera dilakukan karena berkaitan erat dengan upaya penentuan yurisdiksi, kebijakan pertahanan dan keamanan nasional Indonesia di domain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih menggunakan perspektif konvensional dalam melihat bentuk Ancaman dan menentukan objek vital nasional sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Presiden No. 63 tahun 2014. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka menghadapi ancaman pertahanan dan keamanan serta kepentingan nasional indonesia di domain cyber maka pemerintah perlu mengkaji kembali kebijakan yang ada sesuai bentuk ancaman modern dan menetapkan infrastruktur vital nasional milik Indonesia.Kata kunci: national interest, security, defense, critical infrastructure, cyber threat.
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Gorian, Ella. "Critical information infrastructure of the People’s Republic of China: peculiarities of legal regulation in the area of ensuring information security of the financial-banking sector." Административное и муниципальное право, no. 4 (April 2020): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0595.2020.4.32878.
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The object of this research is the legal relations emerging in regulation of critical information infrastructure with regards to ensuring information security of the financial-banking sector of the People’s Republic of China. Characteristic is given to the Law on Cybersecurity, acting and developing draft bills of the People’s Republic of China in the area of security of critical information infrastructure. The author examines the peculiarities of regulation of relations in the sphere of critical information infrastructure and their role in ensuring cybersecurity of financial-banking sector. Factors affecting formation of the national mechanism of ensuring security of critical information infrastructure are determined. For the purpose of acquiring most accurate scientific results, the author applies legal-dogmatic approach, hermeneutic and synergetic methods of scientific cognition. Despite the numerous existing and developing sources of legal regulation of critical information infrastructure, the normative mechanism of ensuring its security is characterized by interrelatedness, and reflects overall character of the regime of China’s digital policy. The Law on Cybersecurity of the People’s Republic of China establishes the general norms, as well as draft bills – special norms; and the standards contain high-tech methodical recommendations that allow clarifying possible ambiguity of general and special norms. However, even within the limits of this mechanism is observed a partial overlap of responsibilities, including in the financial-banking sector, which complicates the process of identification of objects and determination of subjects of critical information infrastructure. Establishment of the mechanism is also perplexed by the need of simultaneous achievement of goals in the spheres of national security and economy, particularly in opposition during talks with the United States, which promotes policy of economic expansion onto China’s market, using tariff and nontariff measures as the levers of pressure.
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Friedman, C. P., J. C. Rubin, and K. J. Sullivan. "Toward an Information Infrastructure for Global Health Improvement." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 26, no. 01 (2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606526.
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Summary Profound global challenges to individual and population health, alongside the opportunities to benefit from digital technology, have spawned the concept of the Learning Health System. Learning Health Systems (LHSs)--which can function at organizational, network, regional, and national levels of scale--have the capability of continuous data-driven self-study that promotes change and improvement. The LHS concept, which originated in the U.S. in 2007, is rapidly gaining attention around the world. LHSs require, but also transcend, the secondary use of health data. This paper describes the key features of LHSs, argues that effective and sustainable LHSs must be supported by infrastructures that allow them to function with economies of scale and scope, and describes the services that such infrastructures must provide. While it is relatively straightforward to describe LHSs, achieving them at the high level of capability necessary to promote significant health benefits will require advancements in science and engineering, engaging the field of informatics among a wider range of disciplines. It also follows from this vision that LHSs cannot be built from an imposed blueprint; LHSs will more likely evolve from efforts at smaller scales that compose into larger systems.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
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Masood, Zafar. "Interference characterization in unlicensed national information infrastructure (U-NII) band." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61022.pdf.
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Mikanová, Helena. "Informační politika Evropské unie v době Bangemannových aktivit v porovnání s USA." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336650.
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(in English) The thesis "Information Policy of European Union in Bangemann's activities period in comparison with USA" is devoted to the Information policy issue applied by the European Union and the United States of America. The thesis structure is defined at the earliest; afterwards the basic terms are followed. The thesis describes the European Union history, which provides context needed to be able to understand the European Union Information policy. The description and evaluation of the European Information policy in Bangemann's activities period in comparison with USA in the same time period and the possibility of mutual utilization of pros of the Information policy of both countries is the aim of this thesis. The following part is occupied with the comparison of EU and USA Information policy at the beginning of 21st century.
Książki na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
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Judiciary, United States Congress Senate Committee on the. The National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1995: Report (to accompany S. 982). U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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Judiciary, United States Congress Senate Committee on the. The National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1995: Report (to accompany S. 982). U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. The National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1995: Report (to accompany S. 982). U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. The National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1995: Report (to accompany S. 982). U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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Poot, Helen. DRI U.S. central data dictionary: Source guide for U.S. national indicators. DRI/McGraw-Hill, 1990.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary., ed. National Information Infrastructure Copy-Copyright Protection Act..., Hrg... S. Hrg. 104-849... Comm. On The Judiciary... U.S. Sen... 104th Cong., 2nd Session, 05/07/96. s.n., 1997.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. National Information Infrastructure Copyright Protection Act of 1995: Hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session, on S. 1284 ... May 7, 1996. U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
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Engineering, National Academy of. Revolution in the U. S. Information Infrastructure. National Academies Press, 1995.
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National Academy of Engineering. Revolution in the U. S. Information Infrastructure. National Academies Press, 1995.
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National Academy of Engineering. Revolution in the U. S. Information Infrastructure. National Academies Press, 1995.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
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Dobson, Jerome E. “Jerry.” "Geography's Second Twilight." In Environmental Information Systems. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7033-2.ch008.
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Jerome E. Dobson, professor emeritus, University of Kansas; president of the American Geographical Society; and recipient of the 2014 James R. Anderson Medal of Honor in Applied Geography, discusses his career in the context of America's academic purge of geography. Highlights include his time as a Jefferson Science Fellow with the National Academies and U. S. Department of State. Dobson has been recognized with two lifetime achievement awards for his pioneering work in geographic information systems (GIS) and as Alumnus of 2013 at Reinhardt University. His contributions include the paradigm of automated geography, his instrumental role in originating the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, and his leadership of the LandScan Global Population Database, the de facto world standard for estimating populations at risk. His recent research includes testing a new system for mapping minefields; designing and promulgating the current world standard for cartographic representation of landmines, minefields, and mine actions; and leading six AGS Bowman Expeditions.
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Kuo, Tsung-Ting, and Lucila Ohno-Machado. "NLM’s Sponsorship of Research in Biomedical Informatics (1985–2016)." In Transforming Biomedical Informatics and Health Information Access: Don Lindberg and the U.S. National Library of Medicine. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210982.
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The U.S. National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) funding for biomedical informatics research in the 1980s and 1990s focused on clinical decision support systems, which were also the focus of research for Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D. prior to becoming NLM’s director. The portfolio of projects expanded over the years. At NLM, Dr. Lindberg supported various large infrastructure programs that enabled biomedical informatics research, as well as investigator-initiated research projects that increasingly included biotechnology/bioinformatics and health services research. The authors review NLM’s sponsorship of research during Dr. Lindberg’s tenure as its Director. NLM’s funding significantly increased in the 2000’s and beyond. Authors report an analysis of R01 topics from 1985–2016 using data from NIH RePORTER. Dr. Lindberg’s legacy for biomedical informatics research is reflected by the research NLM supported under his leadership. The number of R01s remained steady over the years, but the funds provided within awards increased over time. A significant amount of NLM funds listed in RePORTER went into various types of infrastructure projects that laid a solid foundation for biomedical informatics research over multiple decades.
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Berhab, Souad, Abderrahim Annou, and Fouad Chebbara. "Reconfigurable Low-Profile Antenna-Based Metamaterial for On/Off Body Communications." In Handbook of Research on Emerging Designs and Applications for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Circuits. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5955-3.ch007.
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This chapter proposes a novel method to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) of a compact CPW antenna. A combination of three efficient techniques is employed to develop a dual-band bowtie metamaterial antenna with safer SARs. Following this approach, the authors have designed a low-profile antenna with a footprint of only 0.074λ02 and low backward radiation. The simulated results confirm the antenna's suitability for wireless body area network devices operating in the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) at 5.33 GHz and 18.17 GHz frequency bands for military radar applications. The authors have developed two oppositely faced B-shaped resonators to form the bowtie-shaped DNG unit cell. A compact size and dual-band operation were attained by loading the bowtie-shaped into the CPW antenna. The antenna's conception used the available package CST software, printed on Rogers RT5880, and the CPW-fed monopole mechanism for the excitation.
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Larson, Gary O. "From Archaeology to Architecture: Building a Place for Noncommercial Culture Online." In Social Media Archeology and Poetics. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0030.
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This chapter examines various approaches to ensuring a place for nonprofit culture online, drawing from the various noncommercial networking projects discussed elsewhere in the anthology, as well as the 1990’s National Information Infrastructure policy debates in the U.S. and subsequent private-sector efforts. It discusses the key elements required for a broadly collaborative effort to (1) identify, cultivate, and promote the digital art resources that already exist; (2) develop new online projects; and (3) weave these resources together in a fashion that allows both online and offline arts activities to receive the serious attention to study they deserve. In addition to enhanced public sector leadership and expanded private sector support, the chapter calls for a more systematic application of curatorial expertise to the online sector, along with substantial grassroots participation in identifying the most reliable cultural resources that are too often lost in the vast expanses of the commercialized Internet today.
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Cardoso, Edna, Ilda Novo, Nuno Moreira, Pedro Silva, Álvaro Silva, and Vanda Pires. "Clusters analysis applied to drought and forest fires in mainland Portugal (NUT III regions) from 1980 to 2019." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_159.
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The Australian Fire Danger Rating System (AFDRS) was launched on 1 September 2022, bringing a generational change to the way that Australia calculates and communicates fire danger. Its focus is improved public safety and reduced impacts of bushfires though: • Improving the science behind fire danger predictions. • Improving the way that fire danger is communicated. • Providing government and industry with better decision-making tools. • Reducing future costs associated with bushfire impacts. The previous fire danger rating system was introduced in the 1960’s by Australia’s first full-time bushfire researcher, Alan McArthur, based on extensive experimental fires. While useful, the system included only two fire behaviour models (dry sclerophyll forest and grassland), was not easily updateable and fires were being experienced that increasingly exceeded its design parameters. In July 2014, Senior Officers and Ministers agreed that the development of a new system was a national priority. The new system was developed by the New South Wales Rural Fire Service in collaboration with the Bureau of Meteorology, all Australian states and territories and the Commonwealth government. Program management and system implementation were coordinated by AFAC (Australia’s National Council for Fire and Emergency Services). The new AFDRS uses contemporary fire behaviour science, makes better use of available data and uses software infrastructure that can be continuously improved. The AFDRS starts with eight fire behaviour models representing a representative range of Australian vegetation types, it captures current fuel information, uses satellite data, integrates weather from the Bureau of Meteorology and calculates fire danger down to a 1.5km by 1.5-kilometer grid. These calculations are linked to tools that assist fire operational decision-making via a Fire Behaviour Index that is calibrated to operational implications for fire management. A separate arm of the project developed a public-facing Fire Danger Rating framework, guided by one of Australia’s largest social research projects. The research found that, while fire danger signage was well recognised, few acted on fire danger ratings to plan their activities. Focus groups and subsequent surveys found that the community preferred a simplified public-facing system where each fire danger rating had a distinct call to action. The implementation of the new system required an enormous effort from all levels of government across all States and Territories as well as the Commonwealth. It required updates to legislation, policy, procedures, web pages and other IT infrastructure, as well as replacement of physical signage. However, as a result, Australia has a significantly new way of calculating and communicating fire danger, that is continuously improvable and which will bring benefits for decades to come.
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Hryshyna, Nataliia, Larysa Hryshyna, and Petr Karas. "TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION." In GLOBAL DIGITAL TRENDS AND THEIR IMPACT ON NATIONAL ECONOMIC PROGRESS. OKTAN PRINT, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/gdtatione-05-24-11.
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The processes of globalization, scientific and technical development of many countries and informatization of society require significant changes within the sphere of economic activity. Traditional economic activity is being restructured in the direction of using information, communication and digital technologies, which causes its transition from one that consumes resources to an economy that creates them. The development of digital technologies has activated a deepened interest in the establishment of the digital economy's foundations and the study of its impact on the economic growth of many countries. Digital transformations contribute to the development of small and medium-sized businesses, smart transport management, increased safety and improvement of ecology, improvement of housing and communal services, electronic interaction with local authorities, improvement of the population's level of digital skills. In Ukraine, at the state level, considerable attention is paid to the use of digital transformations for the development of the economy and society. Digitization is defined as a mechanism of economic growth due to the ability of technologies to positively influence the efficiency, effectiveness, cost and quality of economic, public and personal activities. This is reflected in the Digitalization Strategy of Ukraine until 2030 [1]. Choosing to cooperate with the countries of the European Union is an important stage in the development of Ukraine's economy. This has led to the development and approval of the strategic document known as the Digital Compass 2030 [2]. The main four directions are highlighted, which include the development of highly qualified specialists in the field of digital technologies, safe and effective sustainable digital infrastructure, digital transformation of business, digitization of public services, which in turn include specific goals for the formation of a prosperous digital future of the country. Literary review. Research on the development of digital transformations in the economy is reflected in many scientific works of foreign and domestic economists, including I. Irtyshcheva, L. Ligonenko, H. Lopushnyak, O. Mykhaylenko, S. Mishchenko, K. Pugachevska, M. Rudenko, I. .Strutynska, B. Teteryatnik, A. Khripko and others. [3,4,5,6,7]. In particular, the results of the study of prerequisites, challenges and drivers of digital transformation of domestic business structures are noted in the scientific works of I. Strutynska [6]. The author formulated the methodological provisions of the digital transformation of business structures, which provide for the systematic structuring of business processes, business models, factors, indicators of the processes of digital transformation of enterprises. Analytical assessment of Ukraine's position in the global indices of the digital economy is reflected in the works of M. Rudenko [7]. But at the same time a significant number of problems digital transformation of Ukraine's economy in war conditions remain insufficiently disclosed.
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"Both opponents and proponents of food irradiation have been sources of misinformation or valid information presented in a misleading way (20). As described by a leading British consumer representative: “ The battle to get irradiation of food accepted as a beneficial food processing technique has been waged for some 30 years. It is an interesting case of warring factions glaring at each other across a gulf of incomprehension” ( ). In this book an attempt will be made to provide factual data as a basis for a more rational approach to these controversies. The seminar jointly held by IOCU (International Organization of Consumer Unions) and ICGFI (International Con sultative Group on Food Irradiation) in 1993 (22) has raised hopes that this gulf of incomprehension can be narrowed, perhaps even closed. There is voluminous scientific literature on food irradiation, but it is not easy to come by because contributions have come from so many disciplines. Relevant reports have been published in journals of food technology, nutrition, microbiol ogy, analytical chemistry, food chemistry, radiation chemistry, radiation physics, toxicology, health physics, and other fields. There is only one scientific journal devoted exclusively to food irradiation research: Shokuhin-Shosha (Food Irradia tion, Japan), published by the Japanese Research Association for Food Irradiation since 1965; articles are in Japanese, with English abstracts. In order to facilitate access to this literature a computerized irradiation information database called IRREFCO (Irradiation Reference Collection) has been installed at the National Agricultural Library in the United States. It is initially aimed at making available the research contract reports generated in programs sponsored by the U. S. Army and U. S. Atomic Energy Commission in the 1950s and 1960s. Those reports are not accessible through ordinary library services. A selected annotated bibliogra phy is offered since 1993 (23). A bibliography on food irradiation has been prepared since 1955 by the Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Karlsruhe, Germany; it now contains over 10,000 documents. The whole database is pro cessed and stored on computer, and is also available in printed form. In recent years one issue of the printed bibliography has been published annually, each with 300-600 references (24). In the following chapters only a small fraction of these documents can be mentioned. The author endeavors to quote primarily those studies that will guide the reader to key issues, to review articles, and to other works showing a path to the remaining literature. Useful documentation of developments in food irradiation research can be found in three newsletters. Food Irradiation Quarterly International Newsletter (Saclay) was published in English and French by the European Information Center for Food Irradiation, Saclay, France, from 1960 to 1971. The International Project in the Field of Food Irradiation issued Food Irradiation Information (Karlsruhe) from 1972 until 1982. The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, has Published Food Irradiation Newsletter (Vienna) since 1976." In Safety of Irradiated Foods. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-18.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
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East, E. William. "An Overview of the U. S. National building Information Model Standard (NBIMS)." In International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering 2007. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40937(261)8.
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Sloane, Elliot, Vijay Gehlot, Thomas Way, and Robert Beck. "System of Systems Issues for the 2008 U. S. National Healthcare Information Network Remote Patient Monitoring Requirements." In 2008 2nd Annual IEEE Systems Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/systems.2008.4519018.
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Devendorf, Matt, Kemper Lewis, Timothy W. Simpson, Robert B. Stone, and William C. Regli. "Evaluating the Use of Cyberinfrastructure in the Classroom to Enhance Product Dissection." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35549.
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Recent cyberinfrastructure initiatives seek to create ubiquitous, comprehensive, interactive, and functionally complete digital environments that consist of people, data, information, tools, and instruments for research communities. With product dissection as our unifying theme, we are forging a cyberinfrastructure to support undergraduate design engineering education through CIBER-U: Cyber-Infrastructure-Based Engineering Repositories for Undergraduates. CIBER-U pairs two of the nation’s leading design repository developers with several active users and their students to realize a high-impact application of cyberinfrastructure in engineering undergraduate curricula involving freshmen through seniors. Specifically, CIBER-U combines product dissection activities at three universities with two digital design repositories, CAD modeling and animation, video, MediaWiki technology, multimedia, and undergraduate summer research experiences to enable cyberinfrastructure-based product dissection activities. Nearly 700 students have participated in the Phase I efforts of CIBER-U, which have focused primarily on generating, capturing, and storing data in two digital design repositories. Lessons learned from these efforts are presented from the students’ perspectives as well as that of the faculty in both engineering and computer science. The implications for implementing CIBER-U on a national scale are discussed along with ongoing research.
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Dubovicki, Snježana, and Anita Kostanjčar. "CJELOŽIVOTNO OBRAZOVANJE U FUNKCIJI UČINKOVITIJEG UKLJUČIVANJA OSOBA S INVALIDITETOM NA TRŽIŠTE RADA." In Persons with disabilities in arts, science and education. Academy of Arts and Culture in Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59014/pcrk4768.
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In order to raise efficiency and quality, as well as strengthen the position of persons with disabilities, research and analysis were conducted in the current situation and recommendations for a more effective approach to the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the labour market. The research systematizes an overview of the key recommendations in the area of institutional frameworks that ensure the implementation of the National Strategy for equalization of opportunities for persons with disabilities. In the field of education, the possibility of including persons with disabilities in adult education programmes for occupations for which there are needs in the labour market is important. Investing in the development of better conditions that contribute to facilitating integration into educational programmes for adults with disabilities has been identified as a key element in improving the position of people with disabilities. Following the above, their views on current measures and possible improvements in the conditions for more efficient and faster inclusion of persons with disabilities in the labour market were explored. In the research, a focus group was used in which people with disabilities participated, were registered in the CES records as unemployed, and were actively looking for work. Comprehensive information from the perspective of persons with disabilities and current measures within the Croatian Employment Service will contribute to the more efficient and faster integration of persons with disabilities into the labour market.
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Bogojević, Dragan. "OPTIČKA INFRASTRUKTURA I TELEKOMUNIKACIONE MREŽE U ELEKTROPRIVREDI SRBIJE: PRVIH 20 GODINA." In 36. Savetovanja CIGRE Srbija 2023 Fleksibilnost elektroenergetskog sistema. Srpski nacionalni komitet Međunarodnog saveta za velike električne mreže CIGRE Srbija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/cigre36.2142b.
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The optical infrastructure in the national electrical power companies, based primarily on the optical cable in the underground cable - OPGW, has been built and used in Serbia for twenty years. Without it, the operation of telecommunication transport networks, as well as all other networks and systems in the field of information and operational technologies, would be unthinkable. This paper provides an overview of the implementation of the optical telecommunication network in the Serbian electrical power industry, what was built when and in what way, as well as an overview of its use by telecommunication networks. One view of the analysis of the level of construction, the level of utilization, development plans and plans of the electricity industry and the state in relation to the method of use is given and appropriate conclusions are drawn.
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Montoya, Catalina, Lina María Escobar-Ocampo, and Claudia María Vélez-Venegas. "Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia)." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6201.
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Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia). Catalina Montoya Arenas¹, Lina María Escobar Ocampo¹, Claudia Maria Venegas Velez¹ ¹Facultad de Arquitectura, UPB. Circular 1 N°70-01 Medellin, Colombia. E-mail: catalina.montoyaarenas@upb.edu.co, lina.escobar@upb.edu.co, claudia.ve7@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Cultural landscape, social management, heritage, spacial transformations, tourism Conference topics and scale: Stages in territorial configuration The historic center of Marinilla, National Monument since 1959, is located sixty minutes from Medellin at San Nicolas Valley. It has exceptional landscape conditions, highly productive lands, and a large percentage of the water reserve that supplies the region and the country, giving the territory an economic center character since the colony. These physical values make part of collective imagination as a recreation area and an opportunity for development in the 1960s, according to the construction of large national infrastructure works. At the same time, it was object of armed conflict in the 1980s and 1990s, and more recently, directly related to the spatial dynamics of the region: unplanned urban expansion, changes in land use and vegetation cover, with effects on the cultural landscape. In a post-conflict situation, the economic strategies of different actors trust on tourism as a social-spatial management strategy to improve the territory. However, the identity of rurality shows spatial imbalances without recognizing elements of historical construction whose legacies must be revealed to ensure equitable development. To do this, we propose an approach from the cultural landscape in a revision of the historical, symbolic and relational transformation through five systems (anthropic, productive, political, symbolic and spatial), analyzing competitiveness, tourism, landscape and social management, in different scales and during three historical moments. References (100 words) Busquets, J., and Cortina, A. (2009). Gestión del paisaje: Manual de protección, gestión y ordenación del paisaje. Ariel, Barcelona. Sierra, P. A. (2003). Periferias y nueva ciudad: el problema del paisaje en los procesos de dispersión urbana. Universidad de Sevilla. Barrera, S. (2014). Consideraciones teóricas para el análisis del paisaje. La Metodología de Los eventos relacionales. Perspectivas sobre el paisaje. Varón, D. C. Z. (2015). El derecho al paisaje en Colombia.: Consideraciones para la definición de su contenido, alcance y límites. U. Externado de Colombia. Olmo, R. M. (2008). El paisaje, patrimonio y recurso para el desarrollo territorial sostenible. Conocimiento y acción pública. Arbor, 184(729).
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Krog, Aleksandra, and Davorka Granić. "Digitalizacija sustava upravljanja kvalitetom FINA-e u području upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama." In Kvaliteta-jučer, danas, sutra (Quality-yesterday, today, tomorrow), edited by Miroslav Drljača. Croatian Quality Managers Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52730/ktok3277.
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Sažetak: Financijska agencija (dalje u tekstu: FINA) kao jedna od najvažnijih institucija hrvatskog financijskog i javnog sustava nositelj je razvoja i operativni upravitelj ključne infrastrukture i niza servisa u području plaćanja te korištenja usluga javnih servisa za najširu mrežu klijenata – građana, malih, srednjih i velikih tvrtki, financijskih institucija do državnih i javnih tijela – s kojima se razvija i raste. Kvaliteta kao strateška odrednica i trajno opredjeljenje FINA-e kroz certifikaciju i održavanje sustava upravljanja kvalitetom prema normi ISO 9001 punih je trinaest godina integrirana u sve poslovne procese i aktivnosti čiji je krajnji rezultat isporuka proizvoda i usluga sukladno najvišim standardima struke i zahtjevima klijenata. Sustav upravljanja kvalitetom živi je organizam koji se prilagođava i mijenja kako bi odgovorio na interne, ali i eksterne potrebe, nerijetko uzrokovane promjenama u okruženju i doprinio povećanju konkurentnosti FINA-inog poslovnog sustava. S ciljem uklopljenosti u strateške smjernice digitalizacije poslovanja, osiguranja kontinuiranog poboljšanja i razvoja dobre prakse, inicirana je digitalizacija sustava upravljanja kvalitetom u dijelu procesa upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama, kao jednog od zahtjeva norme ISO 9001:2015, čiji je značaj dodatno potvrđen u okolnostima pandemije COVID-19. Učinkovito i sustavno upravljanje dokumentiranim informacijama, mogućnost udaljenog pristupa organizacijskom znanju u realnom vremenu te elektroničko potpisivanje dokumentacije praćeno smanjenom interakcijom među zaposlenicima, uštedom vremena i resursa uvelike doprinose nesmetanom odvijanju poslovnih procesa. Time je dokazana sposobnost FINA-e u upravljanju promjenama i prepoznavanju zrelosti sustava za novu eru u upravljanju kvalitetom. U ovome radu izložena je kronologija digitalizacije procesa upravljanja dokumentiranim informacijama u FINA-i kojoj je prethodila snimka trenutnog stanja i utvrđivanje potreba internih dionika sustava. Abstract: The Financial Agency (hereinafter: Fina), as one of the most important institutions of the Croatian financial and public system, is the developer and operational manager of the key infrastructure and the range of services in the field of payments and use of public services for the widest network of clients - citizens, small, medium and large companies, financial institutions as well as the state and public bodies - with which it develops and grows. Quality as a strategic determinant and permanent commitment of Fina through certification and maintenance of quality management system according to ISO 9001 has been integrated into all business processes and activities for thirteen years, with products and services rendering in accordance with the highest standards and customer requirements as the final result. The quality management system is a living organism that adapts and changes in order to respond to internal and external needs, often caused by changes in the environment and in order to facilitate the increase of the competitiveness of Fina's business system. For the purpose of the compliance with the strategic guidelines of business digitalization, ensuring continuous improvement and development of good business practices, the digitalization of the quality management system was initiated in the segment dealing with documented information management, which is one of the requirements of ISO 9001:2015, whose importance was further confirmed in the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic. Efficient and systematic documented information management, the ability of real-time remote access to organizational knowledge and electronic signing of documentation followed by reduced interaction among employees and time and resources savings, contribute to unhindered business processes operation. The aforementioned demonstrates Fina’s ability of the efficient transformation management and system maturity recognition in the new era of quality management. This paper presents the chronology of digitalization of documented information management process in Fina, which was preceded by the assessment and identification of the needs of internal stakeholders of the system.
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Johnson, Richard W., and Hugh M. McIlroy. "CFD Simulation of Proposed Validation Data for a Flow Problem Reconfigured to Eliminate an Undesirable Flow Instability." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30522.
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The U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) is supporting the development of a next generation nuclear plant (NGNP), which will be based on a very high temperature reactor (VHTR) design. The VHTR is a single-phase helium-cooled reactor wherein the helium will be heated initially to 750 °C and later to temperatures approaching 1000 °C. The high temperatures are desired to increase reactor efficiency and to provide a heat source for the manufacture of hydrogen and other applications. While computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has not been used in the past to design or license nuclear reactors in the U. S., it is expected that CFD will be used in the design and safety analysis of forthcoming designs. This is partly because of the maturity of CFD and partly because detailed information is desired of the flow and heat transfer inside the reactor to avoid hot spots and other conditions that might compromise reactor safety. Numerical computations of turbulent flow should be validated against experimental data for flow conditions that contain some or all of the physics expected in the thermal fluid machinery of interest. To this end, a scaled model of a narrow slice of the lower plenum of the prismatic VHTR was constructed and installed in the Idaho National Laboratory’s (INL) matched index of refraction (MIR) test facility and data were taken. The data were then studied and compared to CFD calculations to help determine their suitability for validation data. One of the main findings was that the inlet data, which were measured and controlled by calibrated mass flow rotameters and were also measured using detailed stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) showed considerable discrepancies in mass flow rate between the two methods. The other finding was that a randomly unstable recirculation zone occurs in the flow. This instability has a very significant effect on the flow field in the vicinity of the inlet jets. Because its time scale is long and because it is apparently a random instability, it was deemed undesirable for a validation data set. It was predicted using CFD that by eliminating the first of the four jets, the recirculation zone could be stabilized. The present paper reports detailed results for the three-jet case with comparisons to the four-jet data inasmuch as three-jet data are still unavailable. Hence, the present simulations are true or blind predictions.
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Iqbal, Rauf, Pranav Kumar, Muhammad Aamir, et al. "IBTIKAR Digital Lab - A Collaborative Approach towards Research and Development Challenges in Oil and Gas Upstream." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211115-ms.
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Abstract There are various ideas in everyone's mind. But to convert the ideas into reality, requires initiative and action. Petroleum industry has been using different techniques, science and algorithms over the years to tackle the challenges in order to achieve a business objective. This paper shares the implemented approach to support business challenges by developing a Research and development environment to support the business community. The idea was to find out current business user challenges and support their requirements. IBTIKAR (innovation) lab is the result of this idea which is created to provide required In-House infrastructure (Hardware and Software) support within UAE National Oil Company premises. Research and development are integral part of any company/industry for tackling challenges. Accessing various data types and implementing the concept of Big data has been of a great value. Collaboration between business users, Information technology and Data Management is required to have concrete foundation and to prepare roadmap for the future. The application portfolio in an Oil and Gas upstream varies a lot and now a days, almost all the applications /tool come with a programming interface for integrating Open-Source algorithms. It makes it easier to directly connect the open-source tools to existing applications. The type of data types in upstream varies a lot and since these applications are already developed over the years to handle different kind of data, which further makes data analysis tasks achievable in timely manner. The available algorithms in existing tools and those accessed visa Open-source tools are further used for prediction and classification problems. With the advances in the learning algorithms, the modelling has become easier, and it requires very less coding. The challenges are more towards infrastructure support, as the data types and data size has gradually increased. Machine learning and Deep learning requires High end infrastructure to perform the data science using more CPU's, High End GPU's. In order to adapt to the advancing science and technologies, it makes everyone responsible to learn and implement the data science and Artificial intelligence (AI) concepts in daily tasks and projects to support organization strategy and objectives. In order to get the business community ready for AI, availability of Data science tools and infrastructure is required. This will support and allow the business users of any kind of data to try and test various data types using AI and data science. Following approach was taken from the idea initiation to the execution phase: Discussion with Business users to find out current business challenges and impediments in overcoming those challengesDocument project scopes for the discussed business challenges.Discussion with the respective Infrastructure support team to provide the Hardware and software support along with the required data storage space.Secure budget for developing IBTIKAR labDevelop environment for the research and development of various data science projectsIntegration of Open Source and Free software/s with the existing tools and applicationsAgree and support of the respective roles and responsibilitiesAgree of establishing a collaborative environment between business users, Information technology and data management engineers.To have tools covering the life cycle of the machine learning model (from creation to deployment to monitoring) The business users involved throughout the upstream activities, want to use available open-source algorithms and run various Proof of concepts. In order to get value out of data and to extract insight, it is must that business users are empowered with the required infrastructure, trainings, data science tools and Artificial intelligent algorithms in a collaborative Research and development environment. Configuration and implementation of the IBTIKAR environment has aided the business user community in conducting various Proof of concepts and execute process to handle various business objectives and extract value. IBTIKAR environment has delivered value to the business community by providing required High-end resources, a programming environment, available open-source algorithms and it has improved the level of efficiency, collaboration and people engagement.
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Costa, Georgia Velozo Andrade, RAYANNE CRISTINA DO ROSÁRIO CARVALHO, ANA DÉBORAH COSTA PRADO, MELL GOMES MARQUES, and JOSÉ JACKSON DO NASCIMENTO COSTA. "O DISPOSITIVO INTRAUTERINO COMO FATOR IMPORTANTE PARA GRAVIDEZ ECTÓPICA." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Estudos Epidemiológicos On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/epidemion/6950.
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Introdução: A gravidez ectópica (GE) é aquela em que o blastocisto é implantado e se desenvolve fora da cavidade uterina, frequentemente na tuba uterina, representando 90% a 95% dos casos. Apresenta elevada morbimortalidade, estando relacionada a síndromes hemorrágicas na gravidez. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura a respeito da associação do uso do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) com a gravidez ectópica entre os anos de 2012 e 2021. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e retrospectiva. Foram pesquisados artigos completos publicados entre 2017 a 2022, escritos nos idiomas inglês, que associam ou refutam a associação do uso de DIU com o desenvolvimento de gravidez ectópica. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: U. S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) e Research Gate, utilizando-se os descritores: “Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU)”, “Gravidez Ectópica” e “Fatores de Risco”. Resultados: Após avaliação dos trabalhos publicados, foram selecionados 3 artigos para embasamento do trabalho. No estudo de Graner et al. (2019) foram incluídas mulheres que faziam uso de DIU e foram diagnosticadas com GE. Identificou-se 35 casos de GE em mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (13,5mg) em 18488 mulheres-ano expostas e 13 casos de mulheres com DIU de levonorgestrel (52mg) em 50246 mulheres-ano expostas. Heinemann et al. (2015) relataram 118 falhas contraceptivas, ao avaliá-las, 21 foram ectópicas, em 61448 mulheres que utilizavam DIU. Um outro estudo de caso controle foi realizado pelo mesmo grupo, utilizando-se da mesma metodologia. Após exclusão de pacientes com histórico médico incompleto, ficaram 181, 184 e 189 no grupo de GE, gestação intrauterina e não gestantes respectivamente. Do grupo de GE, 163 tiveram apenas 1 GE prévia, 15 tiveram 2 e 3 tiveram 3. Do grupo de gestação intrauterina, 3 apresentaram 2 GEs prévias e 16 do grupo não gestantes tiveram 2 GEs depois. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, com base na análise dos estudos, que, mesmo o DIU sendo um método contraceptivo eficiente, o seu uso pode aumentar as chances de uma gravidez ectópica. Portanto, é importante que as mulheres sejam devidamente informadas da existência desse risco ao optar pelo uso como método de contracepção.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)"
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Zeng, Siyao, Lei Ma, Lishan Yang, et al. Advantages of damage control surgery over conventional surgery inmultiple trauma: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0006.
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Review question / Objective: This meta-analysis aims to explore whether damage control surgery has advantages over traditional surgery in the treatment of multiple trauma. Information sources: The Chinese Biomedical literature (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu (VIP), Duxiu, WanFang, Web of sciense, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, EMbase, ProQuest, Cochrane, Chinese clinical trial Registry and Clinical Trials.gov databases. Main outcome(s): mortality rate, the success rate of rescue, In-hospital length of stay, ICU length of stay, the overall incidence rate of complications, incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) , incidence of shock.
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Paxton, Barton, and Chance Hines. Black rail inventory at Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras national seashores. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2304485.
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The black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis) is the most secretive of the secretive marsh birds and one of the least understood species in North America. On the east coast, eastern black rails historically bred in tidal and freshwater marshes along the Atlantic coast from Massachusetts, south to Florida. Within the mid-Atlantic region suitable black rail habitat is concentrated in the high marsh along the upper elevational zone of salt marshes. This zone is dominated by salt meadow hay (Spartina patens), saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), and is often interspersed with shrubs such as marsh elder (Iva frutescens) or saltbush (Baccharis hamilifolia). North Carolina has been a stronghold for eastern black rails within the mid-Atlantic region, with the marsh complexes associated with the lower Pamlico sound supporting one of largest concentrations and highest densities of eastern black rails throughout their range. However, even within these marshes, eastern black rail populations have experienced declines marked by reductions in occupied sites and decline in numbers within historic strongholds. Evidenced by increasing confinement to the highest portions of the high marsh in recent years, sea-level rise and increased rates of high marsh inundation are likely a major contributing factor to declines. With the population of eastern black rails declining over 75% in the last 10-20 years, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service formally listed the eastern black rail as threatened under the endangered species act on 9 November 2020 (USFWS 2020). To fulfill the need for information to guide management decisions on projects at Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras National Seashores and to aide in (potential?) future designations of critical habitat, we conducted widespread, systematic surveys for black rails and other secretive marsh birds within the parks during the breeding seasons of 2022 and 2023. A total of 1,222 surveys were conducted at 431 points over the course of 2 years. In addition to recording detections of all focal species, we recorded detections of 6 eastern black rails on North Core Banks where they were not previously known to occur. The population of black rails occupying the high marsh habitat on North Core Banks could account for 5-10% of the North Carolina black rail population and increase the known sites occupied within the state.
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Boyle, M. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area: 2021 data summary. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303257.
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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Program. The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identi?ed by SECN park managers, and monitoring is conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks? natural vegetation. 2021 marked the ?rst year of conducting this monitoring e?ort at Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CHAT). Thirty vegetation plots were established throughout the park from June through July. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-speci?c cover and constancy, species-speci?c woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area in 2021. Data were strati?ed across two dominant broadly de?ned habitats within the park, including Piedmont Upland Forests and Piedmont Alluvial Wetland Vegetation and three land parcels: North?from Bowman?s Island to Abbotts Bridge, Middle?from Medlock Bridge to Gold Branch, and South?from Sope Creek to Palisades. Noteworthy ?ndings include: 299 vascular plant taxa were observed across 30 vegetation plots, including 29 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly de?ned habitat included: Piedmont Alluvial Wetland Vegetation: Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia var. rotundifolia), and smallspike false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica). Piedmont Upland Forests: tuliptree (Liriodendron tulipifera var. tulipifera), eastern poison ivy, Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), cat greenbrier (Smilax glauca), muscadine, mockernut hickory (Carya tomentosa), and black edge sedge (Carex nigromarginta). Sixteen non-native species categorized as invasive by the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GA-EPPC 2023) were encountered during this monitoring e?ort, including two not previously detected within the park?miniature beefsteak plant (Mosla dianthera) and Chinese holly (Ilex cornuta). Chinese privet and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) were the most frequently encountered and abundant invasive plant within the park. One species of special concern listed for Georgia (GADNR 2024) was observed during this monitoring e?ort?large-fruited sanicle (Sanicula trifoliata). Tuliptree, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), boxelder (Acer negundo var. negundo), river birch (Betula nigra), and sweetgum were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of Piedmont Alluvial Wetlands of Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area; white oak (Quercus alba), loblolly pine, tuliptree, and mockernut hickory were the most dominant species of Piedmont Upland Forests. Chinese privet was the most abundant species within the sapling and seedling strata of Piedmont Alluvial Wetlands. The mortality rate of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) within Piedmont Alluvial Wetland plots was high, and it is likely these trees succumbed to impacts from emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis). The emerald ash borer is a wood-boring pest of ash (Fraxinus sp.) and is native to Asia. Since its discovery in the U. S. in the early 2000s, the insect has been responsible for the death of tens of millions of ash trees in the eastern and midwestern parts of the country. At this time, it is not certain whether the declining health of ash within Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area is due to emerald ash borer, edaphic factors that are responsible for natural mortality and decline, or other factors. Other threats to native vegetation within the park are: (1) the high prevalence of non-native, invasive plant species; (2) ?re suppression within oak-hickory; and (3) impacts from heavy browse by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). All plots monitored during this sampling e?ort are scheduled to be resampled in 2024.