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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Neutron lifetime discrepancy”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 7 grudnia 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Wietfeldt, F. "Measurements of the Neutron Lifetime." Atoms 6, no. 4 (2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms6040070.

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Free neutron decay is a fundamental process in particle and nuclear physics. It is the prototype for nuclear beta decay and other semileptonic weak particle decays. Neutron decay played a key role in the formation of light elements in the early universe. The precise value of the neutron mean lifetime, about 15 min, has been the subject of many experiments over the past 70 years. The two main experimental methods, the beam method and the ultracold neutron storage method, give average values of the neutron lifetime that currently differ by 8.7 s (4 standard deviations), a serious discrepancy. Th

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2

Wietfeldt, Fred E. "The Neutron Lifetime Discrepancy and Its Implications for Cosmology and Dark Matter." Symmetry 16, no. 8 (2024): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16080956.

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Free neutron decay is the prototype for nuclear beta decay and other semileptonic weak particle decays. It provides important insights into the symmetries of the weak nuclear force. Neutron decay is important for understanding the formation and abundance of light elements in the early universe. The two main experimental approaches for measuring the neutron lifetime, the beam method and the ultracold neutron storage method, have produced results that currently differ by 9.8 ± 2.0 s. While this discrepancy probably has an experimental origin, a more exciting prospect is that it may be explained

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3

Beck, D. H. "Neutron decay, dark matter and neutron stars." EPJ Web of Conferences 219 (2019): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921905006.

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Following up on a suggestion that decay to a dark matter fermion might explain the 4σ discrepancy in the neutron lifetime, we consider the implications of such a fermion on neutron star structure. We find that including it reduces the maximum neutron star mass to well below the observed masses. In order to recover stars with the observed masses, the (repulsive) self-interactions of the dark fermion would have to be stronger than those of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.

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4

Tan, Wanpeng. "Neutron oscillations for solving neutron lifetime and dark matter puzzles." Phys. Lett. B 797 (September 9, 2019): 134921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.134921.

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A model of n−n′ (neutron-mirror neutron) oscillations is proposed under the framework of the mirror matter theory with slightly broken mirror symmetry. It resolves the neutron lifetime discrepancy, i.e., the 1% difference in neutron lifetime between measurements from “beam” and “bottle” experiments. In consideration of the early universe evolution, the n−n′ mass difference is determined to be about 2×10<sup>−6</sup> eV/c<sup>2</sup> with the n−n′ mixing strength of about&nb

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5

Fornal, Bartosz. "Neutron Dark Decay." Universe 9, no. 10 (2023): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9100449.

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There exists a puzzling disagreement between the results for the neutron lifetime obtained in experiments using the beam technique versus those relying on the bottle method. A possible explanation of this discrepancy postulates the existence of a beyond-Standard-Model decay channel of the neutron involving new particles in the final state, some of which can be dark matter candidates. We review the current theoretical status of this proposal and discuss the particle physics models accommodating such a dark decay. We then elaborate on the efforts undertaken to test this hypothesis, summarizing t

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6

Fornal, Bartosz, and Benjamín Grinstein. "Neutron’s dark secret." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 31 (2020): 2030019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320300190.

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The existing discrepancy between neutron lifetime measurements in bottle and beam experiments has been interpreted as a sign of the neutron decaying to dark particles. We summarize the current status of this proposal, including a discussion of particle physics models involving such a portal between the Standard Model and a baryonic dark sector. We also review further theoretical developments around this idea and elaborate on the prospects for verifying the neutron dark decay hypothesis in current and upcoming experiments.

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7

Fornal, Bartosz, and Benjamín Grinstein. "Dark side of the neutron?" EPJ Web of Conferences 219 (2019): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921905005.

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We discuss our recently proposed interpretation of the discrepancy between the bottle and beam neutron lifetime experiments as a sign of a dark sector. The difference between the outcomes of the two types of measurements is explained by the existence of a neutron dark decay channel with a branching fraction 1%. Phenomenologically consistent particle physics models for the neutron dark decay can be constructed and they involve a strongly self-interacting dark sector. We elaborate on the theoretical developments around this idea and describe the efforts undertaken to verify it experimentally.

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8

Sun, X., E. Adamek, B. Allgeier та ін. "Search for neutron dark decay: n → χ + e+e−". EPJ Web of Conferences 219 (2019): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921905008.

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In January, 2018, Fornal and Grinstein proposed that a previously unobserved neutron decay branch to a dark matter particle (χ) could account for the discrepancy in the neutron lifetime observed in two different types of experiments. One of the possible final states discussed includes a single χ along with an e+e− pair. We use data from the UCNA (Ultracold Neutron Asymmetry) experiment to set limits on this decay channel. Coincident electron-like events are detected with ∼ 4π acceptance using a pair of detectors that observe a volume of stored Ultracold Neutrons (UCNs). We use the timing infor

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9

Dau, Duc-Tu, Nhi-Dien Nguyen, Kien-Cuong Nguyen, et al. "Kinetic parameters of the Dalat nuclear research reactor with LEU fuel using MCNP6 and JENDL-5 library." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 40, no. 1 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.2298/ntrp2501001d.

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Kinetic parameters of a nuclear reactor are essential in reactor dynamic and safety related characteristics. Kinetic parameters of the Dalat nuclear research reactor were evaluated using the MCNP6.3 code and a new nuclear data library (JENDL-5). Numerical calculations were performed for the core configuration consisting of 92 low-enriched uranium fuel bundles for obtaining the effective delayed neutron fraction beff, the neutron generation time L and the prompt neutron lifetime lp. Two methods were used to calculate the beff: the adjoint weighted method based on perturbation theory and adjoint

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10

Zhang, Liang, Bin Zhang, Cong Liu, and Yixue Chen. "Evaluation of PWR pressure vessel fast neutron fluence benchmarks from NUREG/CR-6115 with ares transport code." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 32, no. 3 (2017): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1703204z.

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An accurate evaluation of PWR pressure vessel fast neutron fluence is essential to ensure pressure vessel integrity over the design lifetime. The discrete ordinates method is one of the main methods to treat such problems. In this paper, evaluations have been performed for three PWR benchmarks described in NUREG/CR-6115 using ARES transport code. The calculated results were compared to the reference values and a satisfactory agreement was obtained. In addition, the effects of SN numeric and source distribution modeling for pressure vessel fast neutron fluence calculation are investigated. Base

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11

Kunst, Ernst Karl. "On the common relativistic origin of the neutron lifetime discrepancy, the slight superluminality of neutrinos at Fermilab, and several astrophysical problems." Physics Essays 31, no. 2 (2018): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-31.2.219.

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12

Pols, Onno R., and Jasinta D. M. Dewi. "Helium-star Mass Loss and Its Implications for Black Hole Formation and Supernova Progenitors." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 19, no. 2 (2002): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as01121.

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AbstractRecently the observationally derived stellar-wind mass-loss rates for Wolf-Rayet stars, or massive naked helium stars, have been revised downwards by a substantial amount. We present evolutionary calculations of helium stars incorporating such revised mass-loss rates, as well as mass transfer to a close compact binary companion. Our models reach final masses well in excess of 10 M⊙, consistent with the observed masses of black holes in X-ray binaries. This resolves the discrepancy found with previously assumed high mass-loss rates between the final masses of stars which spend most of t

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13

Shin, Michael, та Dennis Silverman. "A heavy unstable fourth family neutrino and the τ-lifetime discrepancy". Physics Letters B 213, № 3 (1988): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)91780-7.

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14

SAMUEL, MARK A. "IS THERE A NEW PSEUDOSCALAR PARTICLE?" Modern Physics Letters A 03, no. 11 (1988): 1117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732388001331.

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The decay rate of orthopositronium has recently been measured in a new high precision experiment. The result is 10 standard deviations above the theoretical value. It is shown that a light neutral pseudoscalar R may resolve this discrepancy and still be consistent with the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and the muon. If the mass mR≤5.7 keV , then the existence of this proposed particle R is consistent with the beam-dump experiments. The lifetime of R is large, τ≥0.14 s.

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15

Cheng, Long, Erik Vigren, Moa Persson, Hao Gu, and Jun Cui. "Advancing CO₂ ⁺⁺ Modeling in the Martian Dayside Ionosphere: Insights from Natural Lifetime Analysis." Astrophysical Journal 979, no. 1 (2025): 52. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada123.

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Abstract The molecular dication CO2 ++ has, as previously reported, been detected in the Martian ionosphere by the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission. Photochemical models have also been developed to reproduce the CO2 ++ density in the Martian dayside ionosphere but underestimate significantly the observations. In this study, we examine the influence of the CO2 ++ natural lifetime against spontaneous dissociation on its modeled density. We show that extending the assumed CO2 ++ lifetime significantly reduces the discrepancy betwe

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16

Weiss, A. W. "The calculation of atomic oscillator strengths: the lithium atom revisited." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 2 (1992): 456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-066.

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Extensive configuration interaction calculations have been done for the ground and first excited states of neutral lithium and singly ionized beryllium. While the calculations reproduce the ionization and excitation energies to within 3 cm−1 for Li and 10 cm−1 for Be+, the main purpose of this work is the accurate evaluation of the 2s–2p resonance line oscillator strength. The calculated value of 0.7478 agrees to within less than 1% with the very accurate laser excitation lifetime measurement of 0.7416 ± 0.0012. However, internal consistency checks of the accuracy of these calculations suggest

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17

Zlatar, Matej, Daniel Escalera López, Kevin Stojanovski, Valentin Briega Martos, and Serhiy Cherevko. "Effect of pH on Electrochemical Dissolution of Iridium." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 54 (2022): 2050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02542050mtgabs.

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Replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources is one of the most challenging tasks in today's society. As renewable sources are intermittent in nature, a promising solution is to store the produced energy in the form of hydrogen, which can be produced electrochemically by using proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). A limiting factor of PEMWEs is that the harsh conditions and sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the PEMWE anode require that the state-of-the-art catalysts employed are based mostly on Iridium (Ir). (1) Given its scarcity, the use of Ir i

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18

Desai, Ashish M. "Possible explanation for the neutron lifetime puzzle." Open Physics 23, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0113.

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Abstract The discrepancy in the measured value of neutron lifetime has significance in big-bang nucleosynthesis and testing the accuracy of the standard model. A discrepancy of approximately 10 s still persists between the average value of the neutron lifetime obtained by storing ultracold neutrons in traps and the most accurate method of using neutrons in beams. This discrepancy is thought to be due to an unknown systematic uncertainty in these experiments or the existence of new physics. This article discusses a possible explanation for this discrepancy in neutron lifetime. This neutron life

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19

"Using Pulsed Cold Neutrons to Measure Neutron Lifetime." JPS Hot Topics 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpsht.1.043.

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20

Anonymous. "Discrepancy in Neutron Lifetime Still Unresolved." Physics 6 (November 27, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physics.6.s150.

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21

Koch, Benjamin, and Felix Hummel. "Exciting hint toward the solution of the neutron lifetime puzzle." Physical Review D 110, no. 7 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.110.073004.

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We revisit the neutron lifetime puzzle, a discrepancy between beam and bottle measurements of the weak neutron decay. Since both types of measurements are realized at different times after the nuclear production of free neutrons, we argue that the existence of excited states could be responsible for the different lifetimes. We elaborate on the required properties of such states and under what circumstances it is possible that these states have not been experimentally identified yet. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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22

Rajan, Ashwani, and Shantanu Desai. "A meta-analysis of neutron lifetime measurements." Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2020, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptz153.

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Abstract We calculate the median as well as weighted mean central estimates for the neutron lifetime from a subset of measurements compiled in the 2019 update of the Particle Data Group (PDG). We then reconstruct the error distributions for the residuals using three different central estimates and then check for consistency with a Gaussian distribution. We find that although the error distributions using the weighted mean as well as median estimate are consistent with a Gaussian distribution, the Student’s $t$ and Cauchy distribution provide a better fit. This median statistic estimate of the

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23

Belfatto, Benedetta, Revaz Beradze, and Zurab Berezhiani. "The CKM unitarity problem: a trace of new physics at the TeV scale?" European Physical Journal C 80, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7691-6.

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Abstract After the recent high precision determinations of $$V_{us}$$Vus and $$V_{ud}$$Vud, the first row of the CKM matrix shows more than $$4\sigma $$4σ deviation from unitarity. Two possible scenarios beyond the Standard Model can be investigated in order to fill the gap. If a 4th non-sequential quark $$b'$$b′ (a vector-like weak isosinglet) participates in the mixing, with $$\vert V_{ub'} \vert \sim 0.04$$|Vub′|∼0.04, then its mass should be no more than 6 TeV or so. A different solution can come from the introduction of the gauge horizontal family symmetry $$SU(3)_\ell $$SU(3)ℓ acting bet

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24

Mahony, J., and P. Mascher. "Defect Characterization Of InAs Wafers Using Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy." MRS Proceedings 442 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-442-547.

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AbstractPositron lifetime measurements on InAs wafers have shown that the positron bulk lifetime in InAs is 246±2 ps. Most samples exhibit a defect lifetime of 287±6 ps, which is attributable to monovacancy-impurity complexes with a concentration of 7±2×10 16 cm-3. Very heavily doped n-type samples exhibit a defect lifetime of 332–340 ps, characteristic of divacancies. The concentration of these defects is also close to 1017 cm−3. Both types of defects are stable for rapid thermal annealing up to 850 °C, and both defects are neutral. The formation of the divacancytype defects may be correlated

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25

Ema, Yohei, Zhen Liu, Kun-Feng Lyu, and Maxim Pospelov. "Flavor-changing light bosons with accidental longevity." Journal of High Energy Physics 2023, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep02(2023)135.

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Abstract We consider a model with a complex scalar field that couples to (e, μ) or (μ, τ) within the “longevity” window: $$ \left[|{m}_{l_1}-{m}_{l_2}|,{m}_{l_1}+{m}_{l_2}\right] $$ m l 1 − m l 2 m l 1 + m l 2 in which l1 and l2 are the two different charged leptons. Within such a mass window, even a relatively large coupling (e.g. of the size commensurate with the current accuracy/discrepancy in the muon g − 2 experiment) leads to long lifetimes and macroscopic propagation distance between production and decay points. We propose to exploit several existing neutrino experiments and one future

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