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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Normative institutional efficiency of party system”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 5 czerwca 2025
Data aktualizacji: 2 sierpnia 2025

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1

Sytnik, A.V. "Russian measurement of multi-party system." Society and Power, no. 1 (June 5, 2009): 64–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13285017.

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Nowadays the party system of Russia tends to be characterized as mono-centric with the «United Russia» political party dominating within Russian political and party environment. While the real interparty competition is shrinking, the level of normative efficiency of the Russian party system is decreasing significantly.
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Kuprina, Nataliia. "ASPECTS OF INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE BUSINESS IN UKRAINE." ECONOMIC BULLETIN OF THE DNIPROVSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 1(10) (June 16, 2025): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.31319/2709-2879.2025iss1(10).332415pp38-45.

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The article is devoted to the study of the directions of institutional support for the application of innovative approaches in the economic transformation of the activities of subjects of the national economy and the development of the innovative component of business in order to ensure the stabilization and efficiency of their activities, competitiveness and innovative development of business in modern conditions of functioning in Ukraine. A study of publications of scientists on the normative and scientific definition and justification of economic categories: innovation, innovative activity,
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Widiono, Alfonsus Ryan, and Sheng Zhang. "Party Institutional Perspectives on Open Proportional System Flaws." Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia 3, no. 1 (2024): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.59066/jmi.v3i1.592.

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Abstract: Concerns emerge from the potential implementation of an open proportional system, where parliamentary candidates may wield more influence than the political parties endorsing them. This situation undoubtedly poses a risk of undermining the institutional strength of political parties. Purpose: The primary objective of this paper is to examine and compare the implementation of general elections, focusing on the election mechanisms employed in both open and closed proportional systems. Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology employed in this paper is a legal research method, specif
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Jianming, Du. "Intra-Party Regulations аnd their Implementation in the PRC’s Authority System". Transbaikal State University Journal 30, № 1 (2024): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2024-30-1-146-153.

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In the overall system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, there is a peculiarity in the application of intra-party regulations, that is, they contain both political and legal components. The political component stimulates the legal one. Therefore, the so-called coercive power of party regulation should be considered not only from a legal, but also from a political aspect. The prescriptive requirements contain the absolute necessity of emphasizing the positive effects of the actual implementation of the CPC’s internal party regulations, which are constrained by the historical background
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Vuković, Danilo, and Marija Stefanović. "Leaving No One Behind: Party Clientelism in Social Welfare in Serbia." Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu 72, no. 4 (2024): 697–722. https://doi.org/10.51204/anali_pfbu_24404a.

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This article analyzes the functioning of party patronage and clientelism in the centers for social work. Building on previous research, based on qualitative research conducted in 2023 in Serbia, we examine parasitic relations of informal and formal institutions and their ability to nihilate the legal system and create a parallel or dual normative system. The initial step in institutional capture is party patronage and the deprofessionalization of public services. We further demonstrate how party cadre employed in public institutions create and reproduce clientelist networks and divert the work
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Dai, Mengying. "On the Operating Mechanism of the Party Government Joint Meeting System in School (Department) of Colleges and Universities." International Journal of Education and Humanities 10, no. 2 (2023): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v10i2.11482.

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The party government joint meeting is the main carrier of party and government discussions in universities and colleges, and is a major institutional arrangement for implementing the fundamental mission of "educating people for the party and the country" in universities. With the reform and development of the grassroots leadership system and work mechanism in universities, the system of party government joint meetings has also exposed some problems. This article starts from the current situation of the operation of the party government joint meeting system in the governance of institutions (de
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Weeks, Liam. "Why are there Independents in Ireland?" Government and Opposition 51, no. 4 (2015): 580–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2014.47.

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Although the clichéd status of the phrase ‘the party’s over’ makes it almost redundant, the esteem in which parties are held has never been lower. One facet of party decline is the renewed interest in independents. Previously confined to transition states and non-democracies, they have begun to make some political headway in more established states. This is a worrying development for both political parties and those who profess their normative value. This article examines the source of the re-emergent independent presence via a case study of Ireland, a party democracy where they have had the g
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Natanael, Joel, and Marshella Putriana Sari. "Problematika dan Tantangan Penegakan Putusan Litigasi Kenegaraan dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia." SAKOLA: Journal of Sains Cooperative Learning and Law 2, no. 1 (2025): 676–80. https://doi.org/10.57235/sakola.v2i1.5904.

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The enforcement of state litigation rulings in Indonesia continues to face significant challenges, particularly when the state, as the losing party, refuses to comply with court decisions. This study aims to analyze the core problems in enforcing such rulings and to formulate normative recommendations to strengthen their executory power. Using a qualitative approach and literature review, the research identifies key obstacles such as high levels of corruption, limited resources among law enforcement institutions, and unequal access to justice between the wealthy and the poor. One proposed solu
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9

Mertha, Andrew. "“Stressing Out”: Cadre Calibration and Affective Proximity to the CCP in Reform-era China." China Quarterly 229 (February 6, 2017): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741017000042.

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AbstractMight authoritarian one-party systems experience something akin to party identification – or affective proximity to the Party – that waxes and wanes over time? Such cycles do not centre on elections but on the politics of succession, new policy initiatives and ad hoc housecleaning, and their focus would be officials within the system as opposed to the electorate outside it. I argue that a key mechanism animating such variation in party identification of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) cadres lies within the recurring rectification efforts seeking to temper these individuals and make them
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10

HELLMANN, OLLI. "Electoral Reform in Asia: Institutional Engineering against ‘Money Politics’." Japanese Journal of Political Science 15, no. 2 (2014): 275–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109914000073.

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AbstractThis article argues that major cases of electoral reform across democracies in Asia in recent years can be explained as institutional measures aimed at curbing corruption and ‘money politics’. More specifically, Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand rid themselves of their extreme candidate-centered electoral systems as a means to encourage politicians to invest in ‘clean’ collective party labels, while Indonesia discarded its extremely party-centered electoral system to increase the accountability of individual politicians. The article thus disagrees with scholars who argue that recent electora
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11

Buquet, Daniel, and Ariadna Gallo. "Primárias abertas e simultâneas na América Latina. Uma proposta preliminar para um estudo comparativo." Colombia Internacional, no. 118 (April 11, 2024): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7440/colombiaint118.2024.01.

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Objective/context: This article presents a comparative analysis of the system of simultaneous and open presidential primaries (PAS, for its acronym in Spanish) in Latin American countries that have adopted legislation on the subject. In what appears to be a growing trend, nine countries—with differences among them—have established a PAS regime regulated by the electoral body and with public financing. Methodology: First, a description is presented to characterize and classify different PAS systems, considering their main normative differences. Then, hypotheses about their possible effects are
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12

Zhu, Guilan. "Institutional Accountability or Individual Agency in China’s Public Administration System." Developments in Administration 3 (December 14, 2021): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46996/dina.v3i1.6115.

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How to improve the performance and efficiency of a public administration system has been an eternal challenge and a regular item on the government agenda. In contrast to an institutional check-and-balance mechanism, cadre education and training plays a special role in the Chinese socialist system. Educational work to inculcate desirable contents in cadres’ thoughts has taken up a large part in the Party’s efforts to enhance cadres’ capability since the years of revolutionary struggle. It is a strategy adopted by the Party-state for the sake of making cadres loyal to the CCP in bothpolitical an
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13

Baranov, A. V. "The Catalan crisis 2012-2017: political, institutional and ethnopolitical aspects." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2019-1-7-12.

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The relevance of the study: attempts to secede of Catalonia from Spain in 2012–2017 are a characteristic manifestation of the crisis of the national states in the context of globalization. The objective of the study is to determine the politicalinstitutional and ethno-political parameters of the Catalan crisis of 2012–2017 in the context of the interactions of the Spanish state of autonomies and their autonomous communities. The research materials are normative juridical acts of the Kingdom of Spain and the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, resolutions of political parties, statements of poli
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14

Li, Li, and Peng Wang. "From Institutional Interaction to Institutional Integration: The National Supervisory Commission and China's New Anti-corruption Model." China Quarterly 240 (May 27, 2019): 967–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741019000596.

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AbstractHow does the establishment of the National Supervisory Commission affect China's capacity to curb corruption? Using published materials and fieldwork data, this article addresses this question by comparing the newly established anti-corruption agency with the previous dual-track system. It first examines the previous system by focusing on four dimensions of the interaction between the Commission for Discipline Inspection (CDI) and the People's Procuratorate: complementarity, convergence, competition and conflict. Although the CDI and the procuratorate compensated for each other's defic
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15

Paris, Marie-Luce. "The President as Commander in Chief in a comparative constitutional perspective under French and US law." Military Law and the Law of War Review 59, no. 2 (2022): 196–243. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2021.02.03.

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The aim of this article is to conduct a comparative doctrinal analysis of the constitutional power of the President as Commander in Chief with reference to US law and French law. The comparative analysis will focus on the descriptive question of the scope of presidential war powers by exploring their normative implications in terms of the challenges they pose for democratic governance. It will be argued that while both constitutional systems have favoured the President as the pre-eminent decision-maker in military matters thereby reflecting an assumed normative choice of efficiency over accoun
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16

Bak, YongChan. "Can a Political Party embrace Democracy." Institute for Legal Studies Chonnam National University 45, no. 2 (2025): 1–33. https://doi.org/10.38133/cnulawreview.2025.45.2.1.

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This study examines structural deficiencies within South Korean political parties that hinder the realization of intra-party democracy. It argues that the lack of democratic decision-making processes contributes to political instability and poses a threat to con- stitutional order, as evidenced by recent events such as debates on emergency martial law and presidential impeachment. The weakening of democratic practices within parties also undermines civil society’s ability to safeguard fundamental freedoms and rights. These challenges are intensified by the rise of the Party State—a system in w
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17

Nathania, Michelle. "First to file, Trademark squatting, Fairness, Famous Marks and Law Reform." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2025): 19–26. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v6i1.953.

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Trademark protection in Indonesia is regulated under the first to file system, in which rights to a trademark are granted to the party who first registers it at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI). Although this system provides legal certainty, its application often leads to injustice, especially in the case of trademark squatting, where a party who is not in good faith registers a mark that has been recognized by another party with the aim of obtaining profits. This research aims to analyze the application of the first to file principle in trademark registration in Indones
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18

Arman, Zuhdi. "TINJAUAN TERHADAP SISTEM MULTI PARTAI DALAM SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIAL DI INDONESIA PADA ERA REFORMASI." Jurnal Cahaya Keadilan 6, no. 1 (2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/jck.v6i1.875.

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Amendment Act of 1945 that occurred in the era of reform based on a commitment to reinforce the Presidential system. In contrast, multi-party system in combination with the current presidential system of government is to encourage parties to form a coalition that actually weakens the presidential system itself. Practices in Indonesian coalition formed before the general election of President and Vice President dominated political dealings regarding the division of public office without the formulation of a common platform. In fact, the coalition was formed not ensure that parties who are membe
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19

Schimmelfennig, Frank. "The normative origins of democracy in the European Union: toward a transformationalist theory of democratization." European Political Science Review 2, no. 2 (2010): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773910000068.

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Institutional democratization has made considerable progress in the history of the European Union (EU). Mainstream theories of democratization, however, fail to capture this process because they are wedded to the nation-state context. This paper therefore proposes a transformationalist theory of democratization beyond the state. EU democratization results from the conflict about the redistribution of political competences between institutional actors in a multilevel system, in which liberal democracy is the shared norm of legitimate authority. To the extent that institutional actors, who push
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20

Soboliev, V. M., and M. V. Sobolieva. "Institutional Capacity of the Higher Education System and Factors of Its Provision." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 2, no. 48 (2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2021-2-63-69.

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The article is aimed at revealing the state of the institutional system of higher education in Ukraine in the context of the coronavirus pandemic by using the category of institutional capacity. To this end, the following methodological achievements of economic research are used: the unity of logical and historical, normative and positive analysis; institutional and evolutionary approach; logical modeling; behavioral economics; and political markets theory. Based on the authors' definition of the institutional capacity concept, the main features of the institutional capacity of the higher educ
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21

George Goroshidze, George Goroshidze, and Lasha Mgeladze Lasha Mgeladze. ""Academic corruption" – compensation, competition and assessment system." New Economist 18, no. 03 (2023): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/nec18032023-29.

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For any system, its highest significance lies in how effectively it operates within the institutional framework, how much it contributes to the efficient functioning of the “established” or “operational” institutions within the system, their capabilities (how well they respond quickly and effectively to the existing needs/emerging problems) and the quality of their management and established knowledge or service. Considering the aforementioned factors, our research aims at identifying proposing pathways for improving the efficiency of the system of education, particularly in the highest educat
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22

Buben, Radek, and Karel Kouba. "Proportional Representation, Large District Magnitude and Closed Lists." World Political Science 13, no. 2 (2017): 151–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/wps-2017-0007.

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AbstractChoosing the type of electoral system in new democracies has become a contested issue for social scientists as well as for political actors. Contrary to the state of the public debate on the issue, the article advances the position from a multidisciplinary standpoint (political science, historical sociology, economics) that proportional representation with large districts and closed lists performs better on a variety of key indicators. We review recent literature on the performance of electoral systems especially in post-communist and Latin American democracies. The article identifies
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Muhammad Padol and Radian Salman. "RECONSTRUCTION OF THE NATIONAL FINANCIAL AUDIT INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING STATE LOSS MITIGATION." Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan 19, no. 1 (2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v19i1.9321.

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 This article aims to establish a better institutional system for the national financial audit as part of the government's efforts to create a clean state free from financial abuse and corruption. Normatively, the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) plays a crucial role based on Article 23 paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution. However, its singular existence changed after the formation of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPKP) through Presidential Regulation Number 192 of 2014, which became part of the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus. From these normative issues arose a c
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Spasennikov, V. V. "Improvement of the system for creating intellectual property objects." Economics of Science 10, no. 3 (2024): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2410-132x-2024-10-3-66-81.

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The aim of this article is to identify the institutional and economic-psychological factors that affect the effectiveness of protecting intellectual property rights, with the goal of improving the efficiency of innovation in priority areas of scientific and technological development. In this study, we used methods of analysis, systematization, and classification to extract relevant information related to the efficiency of innovative activity from regulatory and academic sources. We also analyzed patent data for five years to track the dynamics of application filings and patent reviews. Additio
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Spasennikov, V.V. "Improvement of the system for creating intellectual property objects." Economics of science 10, no. 3 (2024): 66–81. https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2024-10-3-66-81.

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The aim of this article is to identify the institutional and economic-psychological factors that affect the effectiveness of protecting intellectual property rights, with the goal of improving the efficiency of innovation in priority areas of scientific and technological development. In this study, we used methods of analysis, systematization, and classification to extract relevant information related to the efficiency of innovative activity from regulatory and academic sources. We also analyzed patent data for five years to track the dynamics of application filings and patent reviews. Additio
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Muhayar, Muhayar, Fitra Deni, and Zulfadli Barus. "Cyber PPAT and Legal Certainty in Indonesia’s Electronic Land Certification System." Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam 10, no. 1 (2025): 201–17. https://doi.org/10.30863/ajmpi.v10i1.8473.

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The digitalization of land registration in Indonesia, particularly through electronic land certificates, reflects a major reform in legal and administrative governance. This study examines the evolving role of the Land Deed Official (PPAT) in ensuring legal certainty amid the transition from conventional to electronic land certification. Employing a normative-empirical legal approach and case study in Bekasi Regency, the research explores how PPAT adapts to digital platforms while maintaining legal compliance. Findings reveal that electronic certification enhances efficiency, transparency, and
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Fitria, Fitria, Eko Nuriyatman, Latifah Amir, and Sitta Saraya. "Administrative Law and the Efficiency of Local Government Budgeting." As-Siyasi: Journal of Constitutional Law 5, no. 1 (2025): 147–61. https://doi.org/10.24042/as-siyasi.v51.27598.

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This article examines applying the general principles of good governance within the framework of administrative law as a strategy to promote more efficient and accountable regional budget management in the era of fiscal decentralization. This research aims to analyze how the General principles of good governance, as codified in Indonesian administrative legislation, can serve as a legal foundation to overcome normative and administrative barriers in realizing budget efficiency at the regional level. Using a normative legal research method through statutory and conceptual approaches, this artic
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Fei, Baoxiang, Yongxin Liang, Jiaqian Han, Jixiao Zheng, and Yanping Wu. "Chinese Feelings based on the Background of China's Three-year anti-epidemic Management." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 12 (2022): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v2i12.3265.

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The prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic vividly reflects the four distinctive characteristics of China's governance, namely centralization, coordination, sustainability and efficiency. From the perspective of institutional analysis, China's governance advantages may be mainly attributed to three important institutions: one is the mixed economic system in which the main resources are owned by the state and the production process is subject to market competition; the other is the political system in which the Communist Party of China exercises overall leadership over state
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Akhmad Molki. "Comparative Analysis of Public Administration of China and Indonesia." HISTORICAL: Journal of History and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 331–41. https://doi.org/10.58355/historical.v3i4.127.

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This research aims to analyze the comparison of public administration between China and Indonesia with a focus on institutional structures, policy processes and public service mechanisms. The methodology used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach with analysis of secondary data from various sources, including government reports, journal articles and academic publications. The research results show that public administration in China and Indonesia has significant differences in terms of institutional structure and policy processes. China, with its strong one-party government sy
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Getsko, V. V. "Typology and functioning of governments in modern democratic states." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (April 28, 2025): 1300–1304. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2025.02.197.

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The article carries out a comprehensive analysis of the processes of government formation in democratic countries with parliamentary and mixed forms of government. The features of the party nature of government formation, which is predominant in modern democratic systems, are studied. It is revealed that non-party governments are created only in three cases: in democratic presidential systems, in democratic parliamentary and mixed systems with a special purpose or for a limited term, as well as in non-democratic regimes. The main types of governments are analyzed – single-party majority govern
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Mitchell, Polly, Alan Cribb, Vikki Entwistle, Sonya Crowe, and Martin Utley. "Making Ends Meet: A Conceptual and Ethical Analysis of Efficiency." Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 34, no. 1 (2024): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ken.2024.a943428.

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ABSTRACT: Efficiency is often overlooked as an ethical value and seen as ethically relevant chiefly when it conflicts with other values, such as equality. This article argues that efficiency is a rich and philosophically interesting concept deserving of independent normative examination. Drawing on a detailed healthcare case study, we argue that making assessments of efficiency involves value-laden, deliberative judgments about how to characterize the functioning of human systems. Personal and emotional resources and ends are crucial to system functioning but are often discounted in favor of a
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Pivovarov, Nikita. "In Word and in Deed: a Religious Issue in the Messages of State Security in the Central Committee of the Communist Party (1950s — the First Half of the 1960s)." ISTORIYA 13, no. 6 (116) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840021693-1.

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The article based on the analysis of documents of Central Committee of the Communist Party from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Modern History (RGANI) describes the normative and institutional foundations of the activities of Soviet state security regarding church-religious activities in the USSR, and also describes the peculiarities of the interaction of special services with the country's top party leadership on this issue in the 1950s — mid-1960s. Based on a large number of examples, which were taken from documentary sources, the authors conclude that in the post-war deca
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Biddulph, Sarah, Elisa Nesossi, and Susan Trevaskes. "Criminal Justice Reform in the Xi Jinping Era." China Law and Society Review 2, no. 1 (2017): 63–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25427466-00201002.

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This paper reviews current criminal justice reforms that have been initiated in recent years under the governance platform Governing the Nation in Accordance with the Law [yifa zhiguo]. 1 These initiatives are helping to reframe criminal justice processes to correspond with the broad governance intentions of President Xi Jinping: finessing center-local power relations, making the authorities in the justice system more accountable for their decision-making, and improving procedures that aim to bring about greater fairness and efficiency. We examine these ongoing reforms in two main areas: the h
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Zahra Kamila. "Pengaturan Hukum Dan Prospek Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence Dalam Era Digitalisasi Sistem Peradilan Di Indonesia." Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi 2, no. 3 (2025): 16–36. https://doi.org/10.71282/jurmie.v2i3.172.

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The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indonesia’s legal processes offers opportunities to enhance efficiency and transparency. However, existing regulations do not specifically address critical aspects such as ethics, accountability, and security. This study examines the current legal framework, prospects, and challenges of AI implementation within the criminal justice system in the digital era. The study employs a normative juridical method, analyzing relevant laws and regulations alongside a comparative study of practices in other countries. The data is analyzed qualitatively to
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Aulia, Nur Afti, La Ode Husen, and Agussalim A. Gadjong. "The Presidential System with a Multiparty System is Based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia." Sovereign: International Journal of Law 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37276/sijl.v3i1.34.

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Coalitions of political parties built within the presidential system, especially in Indonesia, are non-binding and permanent. If government policies or programs are not famous or inline, political parties tend to engage in opposition. This study aims to determine the implementation of the presidential system with a multiparty system and efforts to realize a stable and dynamic government based on the Indonesian constitutional system. This research uses a normative approach. Types and sources of legal materials consist of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal mat
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BACHEV, Hrabrin, Bodjidar IVANOV, Desislava TOTEVA, and Emilia SOKOLOVA. "Agrarian Sustainability and Its Governance – Understanding, Evaluation, Improvement." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 7, no. 4 (2017): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v7.4(16).11.

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Research on agrarian sustainability and its governance is still at the beginning stage due to the “newness” of the problem, emerging new challenges, fundamental modernization during recent years, “lack” of long-term experiences and relevant data, application of narrow (certain form or management level); one-dimensional, unisectorial, normative, without transaction costs etc. approaches. The goal of this paper is to suggest a modern, holistic and practical framework for analyzing and assessing the system of governance of agrarian sustainability. Interdisciplinary frameworks of the New Instituti
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Kurniawaty, Yuniar, Marthen Arie, Marwati Riza, and Padma D. Liman. "The Essence of Supervision of Registration of Individual Company Legal Entities for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (2024): e2819. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i1.2819.

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Objectif: The MSME Law mandates the government and regional governments to provide support in various aspects, including funding, facilities, business information, partnerships, licensing, trade promotion and institutional support, in line with a people's economic system that requires participation from all levels of society. The aim is to describe the legal entity form of an individual company. Methodology: This research is a type of normative juridical research. Conclusion: The efficiency of monitoring individual company registration for MSEs is determined by its ability to generate profits
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Klerck, Gilton. "Competition and Cooperation in South Africa's Biotechnology Sector." Industry and Higher Education 19, no. 2 (2005): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000053729842.

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This article asserts that the normative, institutional and policy framework of an economy moulds the structure and performance of its innovation system. Three case studies of industry-higher education partnerships in South Africa's biotechnology sector challenge both the notion of a simple convergence within and between national innovation systems and the idea of an unproblematic adoption of ‘best practice’ at the organizational level. The contribution of industry-higher education partnerships to greater economic efficiency is shaped by the social conditions in which they are embedded. Rising
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Shaldarov, Baltabek, Zhanar Oralbayeva, Beibit Syzdykov, Тunс Medeni, and Amalbek Omirtay. "Kazakhstan: Optimization of state management of investments in agriculture." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 8, no. 3 (2025): 1944–58. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6904.

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In the context of increasing global competition, climate challenges, and the need for food security, improving mechanisms for state regulation of investment activities in the agricultural sector is of particular importance. This study aims to develop an optimization model for managing agricultural investments in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The work contains a systematic analysis of existing support instruments, identifies key institutional and infrastructural barriers, and studies international experience. A five-level adaptive model is proposed, including strategy, normative, economic, instit
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Osipov, A. M., and B. Naran. "What is the social efficiency of education in Russia?" RUDN Journal of Sociology 23, no. 4 (2023): 888–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2023-23-4-888-900.

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The article emphasizes the importance of assessing the social efficiency of education as an issue of sociology of education and a theoretical prerequisite for overcoming systemic bureaupathologies and ensuring scientific management of education in the interests of the Russian society. Social efficiency can be defined through the concept of mission (institutional functions) - as a ratio of socially significant results to public costs of education. The interpretation of the social efficiency of education as an object of social sciences presupposes: the central role of sociology in solving this s
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Satriawan, Mochamad Iwan, Satya Arinanto, and Laila Nur Latifah. "MODEL OF CABINET RELATIONSHIP WITH REGIONAL GOVERNMENT IN THE ERA OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, no. 4 (2024): e3495. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i4.3495.

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Purpose: To propose a new model of relations between the central cabinet and local governments in the context of regional autonomy. Measures such as the formation of a linear presidential coalition party with coalition parties supporting regional heads, simplification of political parties, and improvement of the political system aim to create a more harmonious and effective relationship between the two entities in the implementation of public policies in the era of regional autonomy. Method: The method used in this research is a normative research method using a statutory approach Results and
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Strom, A. "The analytical model of strengthening political stability in the Republic of Belarus in the context of current trends and challenges (sharing our experience)." Journal of Political Research 7, no. 2 (2023): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2023-7-2-31-52.

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The purpose of this article is to present methodological tools for strengthening political stability in the Republic of Belarus, which is developed on the basis of the author's integrative model of analysis of the political system and a new approach to identifying the risks of the development of the political system, to determine the possibilities of its application outside the Belarusian context. The basis of the scientific methodology is the integration approach, which is a combination of key provisions of institutional, systemic, neo-institutional approaches to the study of the political sy
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Mau, Hedwig Adianto. "Constitutional Implications of Abolishing the Presidential Threshold on Democracy and the Electoral System in Indonesia." Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, no. 3 (2025): 669–78. https://doi.org/10.24269/ls.v9i3.11579.

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The Constitutional Court's Decision No. 62/PUU-XXII/2024, which nullified the application of the presidential threshold in Indonesia’s presidential and vice-presidential elections, represents a transformative development in the country's electoral framework. This research investigates the legal and political ramifications of the ruling, particularly its impact on democratic practices and the structure of the electoral system in Indonesia. Employing a normative juridical approach, the study explores the constitutional justification for eliminating the threshold, assesses its effects on politica
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Syafar, Irfan, and Realizhar Adillah Kharisma Ramadhan. "Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah dalam Perspektif Hukum Administrasi Negara." Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal 6, no. 3 (2025): 3851–57. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v6i3.3327.

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This study aims to analyze the implementation of government procurement of goods and services from the perspective of State Administrative Law (HAN) and to identify challenges and strategies for improving the integrity of the procurement system. The method used is an empirical legal approach with qualitative analysis, combining normative studies of regulations and empirical studies through observation and interviews with government agencies. Data analysis using data analysis techniques is carried out qualitatively. The results of the study show that although procurement regulations are quite c
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Maksimov, S. V. "Ideas of a New Model of Public Management of the Russian Economy (Institutional and Legal Aspects)." Russian competition law and economy, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47361/2542-0259-2022-3-31-8-21.

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The concepts of “public power”, “model of economy”, “model of economic development”, “model of public management of the economy” are considered, the definition of the concept of the model of public management of the economy is formulated as simplified to the most essential elements of the description of the economic management system using the tools of public power.Such basic elements of the system of public management of the economy as the public apparatus (institutional element) and the system of rules of economic behavior (definitions, prescriptions, permits, restrictions, prohibitions), cl
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Arifin, Firdaus, Ihsanul Maarif, Bunyamin Bunyamin, Robi Asadul Bahri, and Anastasia Wahyu Murbani. "Reforming Indonesia’s Electoral System: Legal and Policy Considerations." Jambe Law Journal 8, no. 1 (2025): 61–99. https://doi.org/10.22437/home.v8i1.501.

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The regulatory fragmentation between the Election Law and the Regional Election Law has created overlapping policies, misaligned oversight, and administrative inefficiencies that undermine the legitimacy of democracy in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the legal and policy challenges in integrating the electoral and regional election systems to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability in democratic governance. The research employs a normative legal approach through legislative analysis, conceptual exploration, and comparative studies of integrated electoral systems in the Phil
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Begum, Sania. "Blockchain Solution for Document Integrity and Forgery Mitigation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 5 (2025): 2419–25. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.70255.

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Ensuring document authenticity and security is a critical challenge in the digital era. Traditional document verification methods are often susceptible to forgery, unauthorized modifications, and inefficiencies. This paper presents a Blockchain-Based Digital Notary System, leveraging blockchain’s decentralized and immutable nature to provide a tamper-proof and transparent document verification solution. The system integrates IPFS-based secure storage, SHA-256 hashing, and smart contracts to store document metadata while ensuring privacy and integrity. Users can upload, verify, and authenticate
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Negretto, Gabriel Leonardo. "Replacing and Amending Constitutions. The Logic of Constitutional Change in Latin America." Law & Society Review 46, no. 4 (2012): 746–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5893.2012.00516.x.

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Since 1978, all countries in Latin America have either replaced or amended their constitutions. What explains the choice between these two substantively different means of constitutional transformation? This article argues that constitutions are replaced when they fail to work as governance structures or when their design prevents competing political interests from accommodating to changing environments. According to this perspective, constitutions are likely to be replaced when constitutional crises are frequent, when political actors lack the capacity to implement changes by means of amendme
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Duc Cuong, Nguyen, and Tu Thi Thoa. "Reforming the Political System as a Necessary Condition for Ensuring Political Stability in Contemporary Vietnam." Administrative Consulting, no. 6 (2024): 114–27. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-6-114-127.

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Reforming Vietnam’s political system is a crucial mechanism for maintaining political stability amid the country’s ongoing socio-economic transformations. This article thoroughly examines the problematic issues of political system reforms in Vietnam, exploring the significant impact of these changes on the nation’s political stability. The renewal program that began in the late 1980s marked a significant shift towards a market economy. These reforms laid the foundation for subsequent political changes aimed at improving the efficiency of governance and administrative activities. The adjustment
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Efendi Ibnususilo, Fithriatus Shalihah, Nisa Istiani, and Faqiah Nur Azizah. "Legal Discovery in Indonesia’s Tax Dispute Framework." Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 5, no. 1 (2025): 319–50. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v5i1.496.

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There exists a normative disharmony between the Tax Court Law, the Judicial Power Law, and the General Provisions and Tax Procedures (KUP) Law, which adversely affects the independence and authority of the Tax Court in adjudicating tax disputes. This legal inconsistency generates juridical uncertainty regarding the Tax Court’s position within the Indonesian judicial system and the mechanisms for oversight of its decisions. This research aims to evaluate the current tax dispute framework in Indonesia and explore potential reforms by comparing the systems in the United States, Russia, and Austra
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