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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Operating costs estimation”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 5 października 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Kim, Mincheol, Taeho Choi, Minhwa Kim, Sungsoo Han, and Jayong Koo. "Optimal operation efficiency and control of water pumps in multiple water reservoir system: case study in Korea." Water Supply 15, no. 1 (2014): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.079.

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Pumping regimes for water distribution systems have been established to reduce pump operation costs. Optimization of water reservoir networks has been studied extensively for operating pumps efficiently. According to research, optimization reduces pump operation costs by approximately 10–20%. However, comparing economic benefits per country would be too complex because the effects of optimization differ depending on the power cost estimation system of each country and the existing operations. This study presents an optimization algorithm to minimize the operating costs of an entire system via

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Ziajka-Poznańska, Ewelina, and Jakub Montewka. "Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping—A Literature Review." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 4553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104553.

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The development of autonomous ship technology is currently in focus worldwide and the literature on this topic is growing. However, an in-depth cost and benefit estimation of such endeavours is in its infancy. With this systematic literature review, we present the state-of-the-art system regarding costs and benefits of the operation of prospective autonomous merchant ships with an objective for identifying contemporary research activities concerning an estimation of operating, voyage, and capital costs in prospective, autonomous shipping and vessel platooning. Additionally, the paper outlines

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Sun, Jing, Yonggang Peng, Di Lu, et al. "Optimized Configuration and Operating Plan for Hydrogen Refueling Station with On-Site Electrolytic Production." Energies 15, no. 7 (2022): 2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072348.

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Hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) are critical for the popularity of hydrogen vehicles (fuel cell electric vehicles—FCEVs). However, due to high installation investment and operating costs, the proliferation of HRSs is difficult. This paper studies HRSs with on-site electrolytic production and hydrogen storage devices and proposes an optimization method to minimize the total costs including both installation investment and operating costs (OPT-ISL method). Moreover, to acquire the optimization constraints of hydrogen demand, this paper creatively develops a refueling behavior simulation metho

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Childers, Christopher P., and Melinda Maggard-Gibbons. "Estimation of the Acquisition and Operating Costs for Robotic Surgery." JAMA 320, no. 8 (2018): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.9219.

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Widyaningsih, U., Sutoyo, A. A. N. P. Yuda, A. Mirianto, Z. Zuhri, and N. V. Harini. "The Design of Ship Operation Cost Estimation Simulator Uses a Case Study of The Bung Tomo Trainer Ship." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1081, no. 1 (2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1081/1/012008.

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Abstract Calculation of ship operating costs is the main element in determining tariffs, since determining the high and low rates is very important in the shipping business. In other words, determining the right ship operating costs is the key to the success of the shipping business. Vessel operating costs are determined by direct and indirect operational costs. Direct operational costs include capital costs, insurance costs, insurance premiums, crew costs, fuel costs, lubricant costs, grease costs, fresh water costs, port costs and Repair, Maintenance, Supply (RMS) costs. The indirect operati

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Minnullina, Anna, and Alla Larkina. "Estimating cost of using a rotation system when operating in rigorous climate regions." MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 07013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926507013.

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Basic cost estimation techniques concerning the use of a rotation system in operation consider particular characteristics of rigorous climate regions. By means of the offered recommendations the following indicators are defined: an average number of workers for operation; an amount of salary supplements; standard working hours for personnel on rotating assignments; equipment relocation costs, rotation camp maintenance and rotation worker transportation costs. In the situation when a building contractor has to prove camp accomplishment costs in details most road builders face the difficulties i

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Gis, Wojciech, Jerzy Waśkiewicz, Maciej Menes, and Maciej Gis. "Comparative Preliminary Unit Costs Analysis of the Operation of Passenger Cars with Combustion Engines and Fuel Cell Vehicles Powered by Hydrogen." Journal of KONES 26, no. 4 (2019): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0091.

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AbstractThe article presents political and legal aspects regarding the recommendation for the development of hydrogen technology in the economy and in transport. The development of electric cars with hydrogen-powered fuel cells, which took place in recent years in the world, has been outlined. The principles of calculation of average vehicle operating costs applicable in the transport economics are discussed. The estimated average unit operating costs of a statistical passenger car using conventional energy carriers, estimated in the studies of the Motor Transport Institute are quoted. The ass

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Duncombe, William, and John Yinger. "Does School District Consolidation Cut Costs?" Education Finance and Policy 2, no. 4 (2007): 341–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2007.2.4.341.

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Consolidation has dramatically reduced the number of school districts in the United States. Using data from rural school districts in New York, this article provides the first direct estimation of consolidation's cost impacts. We find economies of size in operating spending: all else equal, doubling enrollment cuts operating costs per pupil by 61.7 percent for a 300-pupil district and by 49.6 percent for a 1,500-pupil district. Consolidation also involves large adjustment costs, however. These adjustment costs, which are particularly large for capital spending, lower net cost savings to 31.5 p

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Xiao, Rongyang, and Yan Huang. "SVG Loss Estimation Method Based on Extreme Gradient Boosting." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2661, no. 1 (2023): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2661/1/012022.

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Abstract Static Var Generator (SVG) consumes large amounts of electrical energy during its operation, generating high equipment operating costs. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the operating SVG loss. However, the existing methods of loss estimation generally have notable problems, such as large deviations in loss estimation results. In this paper, we propose a method for calculating SVG loss and establish an SVG loss estimation model based on the extreme gradient boosting algorithm under different operating conditions. First, some data obtained by simulation experiments are input into

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Obradović, Dino, Saša Marenjak, and Marija Šperac. "Estimating Maintenance Costs of Sewer System." Buildings 13, no. 2 (2023): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020500.

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Maintenance costs of all types of buildings are most often ignored since they are incurred in the future. Potential investors are interested in capital costs—construction costs—while maintenance costs are considered as unimportant in the life cycle of a building. If there were a larger number of maintenance cost estimation models, it would be possible to estimate these costs and present them to potential investors more easily, thus making it easier and more effective to apply life cycle cost methods. A study on the characteristics and costs of the maintenance of sewer systems in the Republic o

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Sayadi, Ahmad Reza, Ali Lashgari, Mohammad Majid Fouladgar, and Miroslaw J. Skibniewski. "ESTIMATING CAPITAL AND OPERATIONAL COSTS OF BACKHOE SHOVELS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, no. 3 (2012): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2012.692705.

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Material loading is one of the most critical operations in earthmoving projects. A number of different equipment is available for loading operations. Project managers should consider different technical and economic issues at the feasibility study stage and try to select the optimum type and size of equipment fleet, regarding the production needs and project specifications. The backhoe shovel is very popular for digging, loading and flattening tasks. Adequate cost estimation is one of the most critical tasks in feasibility studies of equipment fleet selection. This paper presents two different

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Ruban, Dmytro, Lybomyr Krainyk, Hanna Ruban, et al. "Estimation of fuel consumption in standard driving cycles and in real bus operation." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 1(82) (2025): 50–56. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2025.326476.

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The object of research is the basic fuel consumption of a bus in standard urban cycles and identical conditions in real operation. Standard driving cycles are used to estimate fuel consumption. This allows consumers to compare buses and choose the best one, and manufacturers in the process of improving buses also allow them to estimate fuel consumption. However, sometimes standards may not correspond to reality. Therefore, specific routes are developed for some cities, which requires significant development costs. This problem is solved by collecting reliable information on average fuel consum

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Ma, Jie, Yu Zhu, Dawei Chen, et al. "Analysis of Urban Electric Vehicle Adoption Based on Operating Costs in Urban Transportation Network." Systems 11, no. 3 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11030149.

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Electric vehicles (EVs) are one of the most promising applications that are reshaping the future urban mobility market and benefitting the urban environment. Analyzing the adoption of EVs helps both vehicle sales market management and urban transportation-related environmental cost estimation. Previous studies have shown that EV adoption is mostly affected by the economic environment and users’ psychological factors; however, both factors vary among specific urban transportation networks. This paper thus proposes network-related vehicle operating cost functions and a logit-based choice model,

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GHODRATI, BEHZAD, ALIREZA AHMADI, and DIEGO GALAR. "SPARE PARTS ESTIMATION FOR MACHINE AVAILABILITY IMPROVEMENT ADDRESSING ITS RELIABILITY AND OPERATING ENVIRONMENT — CASE STUDY." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 20, no. 03 (2013): 1340005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539313400056.

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Industrial operation cost analysis shows that, in general, maintenance represents a significant proportion of the overall operating costs. Therefore, the improvement of maintenance follows the final goal of any company, namely, to maximize profit. This paper studies spare parts availability, an issue of the maintenance process, which is an important way to improve production through increased availability of functional machinery and subsequent minimization of the total production cost. Spare parts estimation based on machine reliability characteristics and operating environment is performed. T

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Majstorovic, Branislava, Dragana Kastratovic, Dragan Vucovic, Branko Milakovic, and Biljana Milicic. "Operating cost analysis of anaesthesia: Activity based costing (ABC analysis)." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 139, no. 7-8 (2011): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1108501m.

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Introduction. Cost of anaesthesiology represent defined measures to determine a precise profile of expenditure estimation of surgical treatment, which is important regarding planning of healthcare activities, prices and budget. Objective. In order to determine the actual value of anaestesiological services, we started with the analysis of activity based costing (ABC) analysis. Methods. Retrospectively, in 2005 and 2006, we estimated the direct costs of anestesiological services (salaries, drugs, supplying materials and other: analyses and equipment.) of the Institute of Anaesthesia and Resusci

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Bieberbach, Matthias. "BUSINESS JETS – A PROFOUND ESTIMATION OF HOURLY OPERATING COSTS DEPENDING ON AIRCRAFT CLASS." Anwendungen und Konzepte der Wirtschaftsinformatik, no. 13 (July 22, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/lu.akwi.2021.3295.

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Compared to airlines with a fixed schedule and direct flights only on busy routes, business jets provide an alternative to transport business leaders and other personnel on short-term notice and by direct air transport to nearly any destination worldwide. As hardly any specific numbers contributing to the total hourly rate are published in standard literature, this paper will analyze and unite data from all sorts of alternative resources, especially industry reports, publications of market operators and numerous branch publications on the internet. Some cost aspects adding up to the total hour

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Seryi, Ruslan, and Vladimir Alekseev. "Estimation of operating costs and energy consumption in beneficiation of alluvial gold deposits." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019201007.

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There are many scientific and practical works related to the identification and assessment of factors affecting the efficiency of beneficiation of placer sands at the sluice box, while the energy consumption of the beneficiation process, as well as assessing the efficiency of the sand screening process and the cost of maintaining the devices, is given little attention. Studies of the energy consumption of sand washing, carried out at several alluvial deposits, made it possible to identify the most energyconsuming devices, as well as to compare the energy expended for transporting rock through

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ПЕРЕДЕРІЙ, Віктор, Сергій НУЖНИЙ, and Юрій ЛЕБЕДЕНКО. "DIAGNOSTICS OF THE STATE AND PREDICTION OF THE RESIDUAL RESOURCE OF PARTS IN EXTREME OPERATING CONDITIONS." СУЧАСНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В МАШИНОБУДУВАННІ ТА ТРАНСПОРТІ 2, no. 23 (2024): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36910/automash.v2i23.1521.

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A methodology has been developed to assess the performance and determine the residual resources of the equipment during its operation. Based on the analysis of the physical essence and the synthesis of the main principles of building models for determining the residual resource of equipment operating in complex, including extreme operating conditions, the advantages, disadvantages and prospects of using criteria based on mathematical and probabilistic methods are determined. The classification and systematization of the main criteria for evaluating the performance and residual resources of the

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Guerrieri, Mirko, Marco Fedrizzi, Francesca Antonucci, et al. "An innovative multivariate tool for fuel consumption and costs estimation of agricultural operations." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, no. 4 (2016): e0209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016144-9490.

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The estimation of operating costs of agricultural and forestry machineries is a key factor in both planning agricultural policies and farm management. Few works have tried to estimate operating costs and the produced models are normally based on deterministic approaches. Conversely, in the statistical model randomness is present and variable states are not described by unique values, but rather by probability distributions. In this study, for the first time, a multivariate statistical model based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) was adopted to predict the fuel consumption and costs of six agricu

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Sanchez, Ignacio Enrique. "Optimal threshold estimation for binary classifiers using game theory." F1000Research 5 (November 25, 2016): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10114.1.

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Many bioinformatics algorithms can be understood as binary classifiers. They are usually trained by maximizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. On the other hand, choosing the best threshold for practical use is a complex task, due to uncertain and context-dependent skews in the abundance of positives in nature and in the yields/costs for correct/incorrect classification. We argue that considering a classifier as a player in a zero-sum game allows us to use the minimax principle from game theory to determine the optimal operating point. The proposed classifier

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Sanchez, Ignacio Enrique. "Optimal threshold estimation for binary classifiers using game theory." F1000Research 5 (December 15, 2016): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10114.2.

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Many bioinformatics algorithms can be understood as binary classifiers. They are usually trained by maximizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. On the other hand, choosing the best threshold for practical use is a complex task, due to uncertain and context-dependent skews in the abundance of positives in nature and in the yields/costs for correct/incorrect classification. We argue that considering a classifier as a player in a zero-sum game allows us to use the minimax principle from game theory to determine the optimal operating point. The proposed classifier

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Sanchez, Ignacio Enrique. "Optimal threshold estimation for binary classifiers using game theory." F1000Research 5 (February 8, 2017): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10114.3.

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Many bioinformatics algorithms can be understood as binary classifiers. They are usually compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. On the other hand, choosing the best threshold for practical use is a complex task, due to uncertain and context-dependent skews in the abundance of positives in nature and in the yields/costs for correct/incorrect classification. We argue that considering a classifier as a player in a zero-sum game allows us to use the minimax principle from game theory to determine the optimal operating point. The proposed classifier thresho

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Pekanov Starčević, Dubravka, Boris Crnković, and Ivana Fosić. "Investing in CHP plants." Ekonomski vjesnik 34, no. 2 (2021): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51680/ev.34.2.8.

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate the environmental impacts and estimate the external costs and benefits of building and operating a combined heat and power (CHP) plant. This research will contribute to the scientific literature in the field of public capital investments in CHP plants and facilitate the evaluation of similar assessments and studies by identifying relevant factors that affect society and the environment. Methodology: The ExternE methodology and Impact Pathway Approach (IPA) were used to estimate the externalities of building and operating the plant.

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Roma´n, Francisco J. "A Case Study on Cost Estimation and Profitability Analysis at Continental Airlines." Issues in Accounting Education 26, no. 1 (2011): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.181.

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ABSTRACT: This case exposes students to the application of regression analyses to be used as a tool pursuant to understanding cost behavior and forecasting future costs using publicly available data from Continental Airlines. Specifically, the case focuses on the harsh financial situation faced by Continental as a result of the recent financial crisis and the challenges it faces to remain profitable. It then highlights the importance of reducing and controlling costs as a viable strategy to restore profitability and how regression analysis can assist in this pursuit. Students are next presente

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Zhao, Xinyue, Fangxu Gui, Heng Chen, Lanxin Fan, and Peiyuan Pan. "Life Cycle Cost Estimation and Analysis of Transformers Based on Failure Rate." Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2024): 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14031210.

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Transformers, as the hub equipment of the power system, are highly valued by engineering and scientific researchers in production practice and scientific research. The goal of transformer research is to ensure the safe operation of transformers while considering their economic benefits, arrange transformer inspections reasonably to reduce inspection costs, and save labor and maintenance costs reasonably. This study first provides a brief analysis of the life cycle cost of transformers. The life cycle of transformers is divided into initial cost, operating cost, maintenance cost, fault cost, an

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Haling, Daniel, and Harry Cohen. "Residential Noise Damage Costs Caused by Motor Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1559, no. 1 (1996): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155900111.

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An estimate of noise damage costs caused by motor vehicles has been performed. The damage calculation is based on the reduction of property values caused by vehicle noise emissions. Noise emission models are used to determine the noise levels emitted by various vehicle types, dependent on speed, volume of traffic on the roadway, and type of housing development that surrounds the roadway. The cost estimation illustrates the large variation in noise damage caused by different vehicle types, operating conditions, and location of the roadway in relation to residential areas.

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Bilgili, Levent, and Volkan Şahin. "Emission and environmental cost estimation of ferries operating in Lake Van." Maritime Technology and Research 5, no. 3 (2023): 262215. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2023.262215.

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Ships, which are the essential elements of maritime transportation, have an indispensable role in world freight and passenger transportation. Besides sea routes, the role played by ships in inland water transport is also very important. In addition to these important economic effects, ships are also a major pollutant source. These emissions have negative effects on human health, cities, and the environment, as well as causing atmospheric pollution. Lake Van is Turkey's largest inland lake, with an area of 3,713 km2, and is an important inland waterway, with an active ferry network operating

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Beaton, Aaron J., Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Terry L. Kastens, and Jeffery R. Williams. "Per Unit Costs to Own and Operate Farm Machinery." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 37, no. 1 (2005): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080000715x.

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With increasingly thin margins and new technologies, it is important that farm managers know their cost of field operations on a per unit basis (e.g., acre, ton, bale). Accurate per unit costs give confidence when constructing enterprise budgets and evaluating new technologies, such as no-till. Custom rates are often used as a proxy for per unit costs; however, this research, using entropy and jackknife estimation procedures, found that custom rates understate total ownership and operating costs by approximately 25% for an average Kansas farm. Estimates from these models are then used to bench

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Pascoe, R. D. "Capital and operating costs of minerals engineering plants - a review of simple estimation techniques." Minerals Engineering 5, no. 8 (1992): 883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(92)90255-8.

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Luo, Gan, Mingqi Tao, Baohe Wu, et al. "Cost Estimation for the Operation and Maintenance of Automated Monitoring and Early-Warning Equipment for Geological Hazards." Sustainability 16, no. 23 (2024): 10505. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310505.

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Geological hazards impede regional economy sustainability. To limit their destructive impacts on human life and property, the Chinese government has independently developed automated monitoring and early-warning equipment, which has been deployed in over 250,000 locations nationwide, yielding effective early warnings. The smooth operation of this equipment necessitates substantial human, material, and financial resources for its maintenance. To allocate funds rationally, the Ministry of Finance of China has mandated the urgent establishment of budget standards for the operation and maintenance

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Kaborogo, Fulmence Stanslaus, Emily Barnabas Kiswaka, and Masolwa Benjamin Lazaro. "Cost Estimation Proxy Models for Economic Evaluations in Petroleum Projects." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 42, no. 4 (2024): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v42i4.867.

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Petroleum economic evaluation involves estimating revenues from forecasted production profiles and field costs including capital expenditures (CAPEX), drilling expenses (DRILLEX), and operating expenses (OPEX). The existing cost-estimating tool requires several inputs making it time-intensive and difficult to use with few data during the early stages of projects. Majority of the previously developed time saving cost estimations proxy models rely on unrealistic assumptions that include uniform operational costs for different fields with a different number of wells, casings, and drilled depths.

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Mustafa, Yaseen Abdulateef, Hasan Ali Mohammed, and Alwan Hussen Maher. "Estimation of loads for off-grid solar photovoltaic systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 2 (2022): 918–25. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp918-925.

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Solar power is a renewable energy technology that turns sunlight into electricity using solar panels. The generated electricity can be stored or utilized immediately, returned to the grid, or combined with a renewable electricity source or several renewable technologies solar energy systems are a supply that is both dependable and environmentally friendly of energy that may be used for a range of applications, including commercial, industry, farming, and livestock needs. The system requires practically no maintenance, making it perfect for isolated locations. The near-zero operating costs outw

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Sokolov, Anton. "Estimation of the supply chains efficiency in wood transportation." Forestry Engineering Journal 15, no. 1 (2025): 123–37. https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2025.1/8.

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The article describes the process of efficiency estimation of different variants for locating an enterprise for the production of corrugated veneer panels using a specialized simulation model developed at Petrozavodsk State University. A corrugated veneer panel is a new type of panel-type building facing materials intended for interior decoration. Panels of this type are made of softwood veneer, the processing volumes of which in the Republic of Karelia are currently insignificant, and local loggers experience certain difficulties with its sale. The solution to the problem is based on the use

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Krasheninin, A. "ESTIMATION OF VEHICLE OPERATING TIME TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INFLUENCE OF A NUMBER OF FACTORS." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies" 1, no. 37 (2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2021-37-9.

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Modern vehicles operated on the railways of Ukraine have almost exhausted or exceeded their resource. The overuse of financial and material resources for their maintenance continues. The standard service life of vehicles was calculated on stable economic conditions of use of vehicles and their timely updating in process of aging. The service life of modern vehicles is determined by the influence of many factors, the disregard of which can lead to significant costs, even in compliance with the standard service life. For railway transport, these factors need modern clarification, as in operation

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Shaik, Sofia Rani, P. Muthukumar, and Pratul Chandra Kalita. "Techno-Economic Assessment of LPG operated Porous Radiant Burner based Cook-stoves for Commercial Cooking Applications." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1084, no. 1 (2022): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012014.

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Abstract The present study is to conduct a Techno-economic Assessment of a 5-7 kW Porous Radiant Burner (PRB) – based LPG cook-stove operating in eateries and restaurants. Process flow study has been performed primarily to understand the technological process involved in the PRB and also to estimate the cost of manufacturing. The cost estimation has been done considering direct costs such as material costs and labor costs, and indirect costs such as factory costs, works costs and administration costs. Sensitivity analysis has been performed considering the production capacity of 50, 250 and 50

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Chuck, Anderson, Philip Jacobs, J. Wayne Logus, Donald St Hilaire, Chester Chmielowiec, and Alexander J. B. McEwan. "Marginal cost of operating a positron emission tomography center in a regulatory environment." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 21, no. 4 (2005): 442–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462305050610.

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Objectives: Cost studies of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are important for resource and operational planning; the most relevant cost analysis in this regard is the marginal cost. Operating within a regulatory environment can add considerably to the costs of providing PET services. Previously published research has not examined the marginal cost structure of PET nor have they described the implications of regulatory compliance to operational costs. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive cost estimation of PET imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) to bette

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Holm, Stefan, Fritz Frutig, Renato Lemm, Oliver Thees, and Janine Schweier. "HeProMo: A decision support tool to estimate wood harvesting productivities." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0244289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244289.

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In the field of forestry, one of the most economically important ecosystem service is the provision of timber. The need to calculate the economic effects of forest management in the short, medium, and long term is increasing. Forest operations or timber harvesting, which comprises felling, processing, and transport of trees or timber, are responsible for a large part of the costs and environmental impacts associated to forest management or enterprises. From a decision maker’s perspective, it is essential to estimate working productivity and production costs under given operating conditions bef

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IDZIASZEK, Zdzisław. "An Ordnance Reliability and Life Model for the Estimation of the Component Kits in Preventive Replacement in Terms of Production and Operating Costs." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 10, no. 2 (2019): 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2119.

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This paper presents an outline of a method of optimising the service life of aircraft guns at the stage of design engineering and retrofitting. The essence of this method is a selection of service lives and quantities of preventively replaced components and the service parts of non-reconditionable components resulting in an overall reduction of gun production and operating costs (including the costs of replacement parts stocks) with an improvement of the service life of the whole gun assembly. The method assumes that the service lives to be selected must meet a criterion of predefined reliabil

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Charoentanaworakun, Chanapol, Komsoon Somprasong, Anusak Duongkaew, Panita Wongchai, Ploypailin Katunyoo, and Purin Thanaphanyakhun. "Minimum Carbon Credit Cost Estimation for Carbon Geological Storage in the Mae Moh Basin, Thailand." Energies 17, no. 9 (2024): 2231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092231.

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Carbon geological storage (CGS) is one of the key processes in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, which are used to reduce CO2 emissions and achieve carbon-neutrality and net-zero emissions in developing countries. In Thailand, the Mae Moh basin is a potential site for implementing CGS due to the presence of a structural trap that can seal the CO2 storage formation. However, the cost of CGS projects needs to be subsidized by selling carbon credits in order to reach the project breakeven. Therefore, this paper estimates the economic components of a CGS project in the Mae Moh basin b

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Lebediev, Oleh, and Valentyn Lebediev. "Analysis of risks methodology in information systems." Advanced Information Systems 5, no. 4 (2021): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2021.4.09.

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A method of risk analysis in information systems is being developed. The ways of ensuring the efficiency of control systems in the conditions of information confrontation with the use of the game theory apparatus are investigated. The desire to ensure high efficiency of modern management information systems, minimize financial costs, provide energy and information protection of the management system, highlights the creation of a system of analysis and risk management in information systems. It is assumed that the control system can implement the following behavioral strategies in a conflict si

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Zelentsov, V. A., and A. P. Kovalev. "Estimation of operating costs when calculating the total cost of ownership of distributed technical complexes." Izvestiâ vysših učebnyh zavedenij. Priborostroenie 65, no. 11 (2022): 789–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17586/0021-3454-2022-65-11-789-795.

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Öztürk, Zübeyde, and Turgut Öztürk. "A simplified approach to determine the optimum operating speed on high-speed railway lines." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 2 (2009): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-107.

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In this study, cost–speed relationship for high speed railways was examined and optimum economic speed was investigated. The Eskişehir–Ankara section of the İstanbul–Ankara railway line, which is still under construction, was taken as the sample. This section has been completed and test runs are being conducted. The new line is constructed parallel to the old railway line and the operation speeds and operation forms of the trains on this line are not yet finalized. It is not yet clear what the maximum operation speeds of the trains will be and whether the operation will be restricted to only h

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Angelis, Georgo, and Laurens Krudde. "Dynamic Reliability Estimation of Wind Turbine Gearboxes Using Real-Time Operational Data." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3025, no. 1 (2025): 012013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3025/1/012013.

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Abstract Wind turbine gearbox often fail to reach their expected lifetime of 20 years. This causes great maintenance costs and unexpected downtime. Similarly, gearboxes that do reach their expected lifetime are often replaced while they might be able to stay in operation for longer, missing out on revenue. There is a need for a reliability estimation based on the operating conditions such that premature failure and extended lifetime risks can be assessed. This work proposes a method to dynamically compute the gearbox’s reliability based on real-time measurements of the operating conditions. Th

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Kehily, Dermot, Barry McAuley, and Alan Hore. "Leveraging Whole Life Cycle Costs When Utilising Building Information Modelling Technologies." International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 1, no. 4 (2012): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2012100105.

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) is now being increasingly used as a technology tool to assist design professions in conceiving, designing, constructing, and operating the built environment in many countries. The BIM model provides design professions with the framework to perform exercises in design, programming, cost and value management, and concept energy analysis, in order to achieve the most economical and sustainable building solution. The BIM model though sophisticated is not extensively used to provide estimation software with the data requirements for Life Cycle Costing (LCC), suc

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Mısır, Oğuz, and Mehmet Akar. "Efficiency and Core Loss Map Estimation with Machine Learning Based Multivariate Polynomial Regression Model." Mathematics 10, no. 19 (2022): 3691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10193691.

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Efficiency mapping has an important place in examining the maximum efficiency distribution as well as the energy consumption of designed electric motors at maximum torque and speed. Performing analysis at all operating points with FEM analysis in the motor design process requires high processing costs and time. In this article, a machine learning-based multivariate polynomial regression estimation model was developed to overcome these costly processes from FEM analysis. With the proposed method, the operating points of the motors in different conditions during the design process can be predict

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Smolyak, S. A. "A Modified Model to Estimate Building Rental Multipiers Accounting for Advalorem Operating Expenses." Real Estate Management and Valuation 24, no. 3 (2016): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2016-0018.

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Abstract To develop ideas on building element valuation contained in the first article on the subject published in REMV, we propose an elaboration of the approach accounting for ad valorem expenses incidental to property management, such as land taxes, income/capital gains tax, and insurance premium costs; all such costs, being of an ad valorem nature in the first instance, cause circularity in the logic of the model, which, however, is not intractable under the proposed approach. The resulting formulas for carrying out practical estimation of building rental multipliers and, in consequence, o

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Yakovlev, Andrei, Olga Balaeva, and Andrey Tkachenko. "Estimation of procurement costs incurred by public customers: a case study of a Russian region." Journal of Public Procurement 18, no. 1 (2018): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-03-2018-005.

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Purpose This paper aims to measure the cost of procurement because public procurement procedures prescribed by legislation not only enhance transparency and competition but also entail certain transaction costs for both customers and suppliers. Design/methodology/approach These costs are important to the efficiency of the procurement system. However, very few previous studies have focused on estimating procurement costs. This paper proposes a methodology for public procurement cost evaluation. Findings This paper shows how procurement costs can be calculated using a formalized survey of public

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Arora, Rohan, Umamaheswari Devi, Tamar Eilam, Aanchal Goyal, Chandra Narayanaswami, and Pritish Parida. "Towards Carbon Footprint Management in Hybrid Multicloud." ACM SIGEnergy Energy Informatics Review 4, no. 3 (2024): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3698365.3698375.

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Enterprises today aspire to optimize the operating costs and carbon footprint (CFP) of their IT operations jointly without compromising their business imperatives. This has given rise to a hybrid approach in which enterprises retain the dynamic choice to leverage private data centers and one or more public clouds in conjunction. While cloud service providers (CSPs) have long provided APIs for estimating, reconciling, and optimizing operating costs, they have only recently started exposing APIs related to CFP. Indeed, this is a step in the right direction. Nevertheless, our analyses of these AP

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Doundoulakis, Emmanouil, and Spiros Papaefthimiou. "Estimation of Air Emissions Externalities Due to Shipping: Analytical Methodological Framework." Climate 10, no. 7 (2022): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli10070100.

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The main objective of this paper is to present an analytical methodological framework for the estimation of the external costs of air emissions from passenger ships. We used as a case study the two main ports of Crete (Souda and Heraklion) and studied all passenger ferries and cruise vessels that visited these ports in the last 5 years (2017–2021). A detailed inventory was created containing all technical details for 10 passenger ferries (owned by three different shipping companies) operating every day, following various itineraries all year around, and 88 different cruise vessels (which appro

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Abdulateef, Mustafa Yaseen, Mohammed Hasan Ali, and Maher Alwan Hussen. "Estimation of loads for off-grid solar photovoltaic systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 2 (2022): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp918-925.

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Solar power is a renewable energy technology that turns sunlight into electricity using solar panels. The generated electricity can be stored or utilized immediately, returned to the grid, or combined with a renewable electricity source or several renewable technologies solar energy systems are a supply that is both dependable and environmentally friendly of energy that may be used for a range of applications, including commercial, industry, farming, and livestock needs. The system requires practically no maintenance, making it perfect for isolated locations. The near-zero operating costs outw

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