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Książki na temat „Optical Variable Ink”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Svensson, Lars E. O. Indicator variables for optimal policy under asymmetric information. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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2

Tuhfatullin, Boris. Nonlinear problems of structural mechanics. Methods of optimal design of structures. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1201340.

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The textbook discusses methods of optimal design of structures, including methods for minimizing the functions of one and several variables; methods for solving linear and nonlinear programming problems; examples of optimal design of flat steel frames with elements made of rolled and composite I-beams. It is intended for students studying in the specialty 08.05.01 "Construction of unique buildings and structures", undergraduates studying in the training program 08.04.01.24 "Modern technologies of design and construction of buildings and structures", studying the discipline "Nonlinear problems

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Malyuk, Viktor, and Sergey Leonovich. Durability of structural concrete under frost and salt influences: monitoring, testing, recommendations. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2035493.

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The monograph considers a set of issues related to the production of durable concretes for aggressive media of class XF4. The work of concrete of port facilities in conditions characteristic of the sea coast of the Arctic and Far Eastern seas is highlighted. The factors of aggressiveness in conditions of frost exposure for concrete of the zone of variable water level are considered. Today, in order to make optimal economic and environmental decisions, the task of transitioning the design and construction of structures according to operational characteristics has become obvious. Conceptua

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Peschanskiy, Aleksey. Semi-Markov models of prevention of unreliable single-channel service system with losses. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1870597.

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The monograph examines various maintenance strategies of a single-channel system with losses and unreliable recoverable service device under the assumption of a general type of random variables describing random processes occurring in the system. The apparatus for constructing models of the functioning of the system are semi-Markov processes with a measurable phase space of states and phase enlargement algorithms. Stationary probabilistic and economic indicators of the system are explicitly determined and the tasks of optimal frequency of maintenance of the device are solved. For researc

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Koldaev, Viktor. Theoretical and methodological aspects of the use of information technologies in education. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014651.

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The article summarizes the experience of implementing a personality-oriented approach to the formation of a structural and content model of the educational process at the university. The results of the introduction of information technologies and their services in the field of education are presented, as well as the impact of computerization on the quality of education in the framework of the modern educational paradigm. The priority directions of innovative educational strategies of the university are identified and a graph model of the individual educational route of the student is proposed

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6

Southeast Geometry Seminar (15th 2009 University of Alabama at Birmingham). Geometric analysis, mathematical relativity, and nonlinear partial differential equations: Southeast Geometry Seminars Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, and the University of Tennessee, 2009-2011. Edited by Ghomi Mohammad 1969-. American Mathematical Society, 2013.

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P, Minicozzi William, ed. A course in minimal surfaces. American Mathematical Society, 2011.

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Prussing, John E. Optimal Trajectories. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811084.003.0005.

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Optimal trajectories are analysed, covering both constant- and variable-specific-impulse cases. Primer vector is defined and illustrated. The first-order necessary conditions for an optimal constant-specific-impulse (CSI) trajectory were first derived by Lawden using classical Calculus of Variations. Variable-specific-impulse rocket engines are discussed with the cost functional for a VSI engine. In the derivation that follows, an Optimal Control Theory formulation is used, but the derivation is similar to that of Lawden. One difference is that the mass is not defined as a state variable, but

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9

Butyrskiy, Evgeniy. Methods for modeling and estimating random variables and processes. Strategy of the Future, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37468/mon_1850.

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The monograph introduces the basics of theory and practice of mathematical research methods of stochastic systems and processes. It examines the models, methods of describing and forming random events, values and processes, as well as methods of their optimal and suboptimal assessment. The monograph can be useful for a wide range of specialists in various fields of expertise in mathematical and statistical modeling in their research, and can also be used in the learning process to conduct both classroom, and independent theoretical and practical classes with students and masters of St. Petersb

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10

Bogartz, Richard S. Introduction to the Analysis of Variance. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400672118.

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This book is for students taking either a first-year graduate statistics course or an advanced undergraduate statistics course in Psychology. Enough introductory statistics is briefly reviewed to bring everyone up to speed. The book is highly user-friendly without sacrificing rigor, not only in anticipating students' questions, but also in paying attention to the introduction of new methods and notation. In addition, many topics given only casual or superficial treatment are elaborated here, such as: the nature of interaction and its interpretation, in terms of theory and response scale transf

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11

Thompson, Kevin G. Pacing. Human Kinetics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718225404.

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We've all heard the advice “Pace yourself. Save energy and finish strong.” It sounds simple enough, so why is it so hard? Why do even supremely conditioned elite athletes mismanage their energy supplies and fail to finish strong? Pacing: Individual Strategies for Optimal Performance examines the latest science, research, and application in search of answers. This guide explores the role of pacing in sports, the most common strategies used, the factors that influence effectiveness, and key considerations for today's athletes and coaches. You'll also discover these aspects: How environmental var

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Collier, David, Jody Laporte, and Jason Seawright. Typologies: Forming Concepts and Creating Categorical Variables. Edited by Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady, and David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0007.

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This article describes the categories and typologies as an optic for looking at concept formation and measurement. It also provides an overview of the multiple contributions of typologies and presents numerous examples from diverse subfields of political science. It gives a framework for working with multidimensional typologies, outlining the building blocks of typologies, and illustrating how the cell types constitute categorical variables. In addition, the role of typologies in concept formation, the source of the concepts and terms in the cells of the typology, and the role of ideal types a

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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Long-term Response: 2. Finite Population Size and Mutation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0026.

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In a finite population, drift is often more important than selection in removing any initial additive variance. This chapter examines the joint impact of selection, drift, and mutation on the long-term response in a quantitative trait. One key result is the remarkable finding of Robertson that the expected long-term response from any initial additive variance is bounded above by the product of twice the effective population size times the initial response. This result implies that the optimal selection intensity for long-term response it to save half of the population in each generation.

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14

Eliasmith, Chris. Neurocomputational Models: Theory, Application, Philosophical Consequences. Edited by John Bickle. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304787.003.0014.

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This article describes the neural engineering framework (NEF), a systematic approach to studying neural systems that has collected and extended a set of consistent methods that are highly general. The NEF draws heavily on past work in theoretical neuroscience, integrating work on neural coding, population representation, and neural dynamics to enable the construction of large-scale biologically plausible neural simulations. It is based on the principles that neural representations defined by a combination of nonlinear encoding and optimal linear decoding and that neural dynamics are characteri

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15

Coopersmith, Jennifer. Hamiltonian Mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198743040.003.0007.

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Hamilton’s genius was to understand what were the true variables of mechanics (the “p − q,” conjugate coordinates, or canonical variables), and this led to Hamilton’s Mechanics which could obtain qualitative answers to a wider ranger of problems than Lagrangian Mechanics. It is explained how Hamilton’s canonical equations arise, why the Hamiltonian is the “central conception of all modern theory” (quote of Schrödinger’s), what the “p − q” variables are, and what phase space is. It is also explained how the famous conservation theorems arise (for energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum),

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16

Okasha, Samir. Risk, Rational Choice, and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815082.003.0009.

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Decision-theoretic ideas arise in two areas of biology: risk-sensitive foraging, and the theory of evolution in variable environments. The former concerns the actual behavioural choices that organisms make, the latter the ‘choices’ made by natural selection. A natural suggestion is that both sorts of choices can be modelled in terms of expected utility maximization, the standard theory of rational decision in the face of risk. However, this is only true under particular model assumptions; it does not hold in situations involving a combination of aggregate and idiosyncratic risk. Mixed strategi

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17

Cumming, Sean, and Chris Riddoch. Physical activity, physical fitness, and health: current concepts. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0024.

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Despite the widespread acceptance that physical activity is generally beneficial for children’s health and improvements in the quantity and quality of evidence supporting this position, our understanding remains limited. Methodological and conceptual discrepancies still exist, including a lack of clear consensus in how to define and assess physical activity in children, a limited consideration of concurrent factors such as growth and maturation, and a general failure to address the potential interactions of biological, psychological, and social variables. As such, Chapter 24 attemps to distil

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18

Lucas, Sebastian B. Histopathology of fungal disease. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0040.

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Histopathology has a critical role in the diagnosis of fungal infections. Often it is the first or only sample of a lesion. A rapid, confident diagnosis can significantly affect patient management. However, the morphologies of yeast and hyphae are not necessarily diagnostic at the genus or species level, and the experience of histopathologists is variable. A primary decision is whether the lesion is fungal or another infection or not infectious at all, and the next is whether the fungus is a yeast or a hyphal (mould) infection. Further histopathological genus and species discrimination can be

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19

Fabrizi, Fabrizio, and Patrice Cacoub. The patient with cryoglobulinaemia. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0151.

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AbstractCryoglobulinaemia is characterized by the presence in the blood of proteins showing the that precipitate when serum is cooled. Clinically recognised cryoprecipitates are predominantly immunoglobulin-containing. In Type 1 cryoglobulinaemia, the precipitate is formed from a monoclonal paraprotein, usually IgG. In Type 2, a monoclonal IgM binds IgG to form a mixed precipitate. Type 3 cryoglobulins do not contain a monoclonal element.Type 1 cryoglobulins are a rare cause of renal disease, but cause a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) with nephrotic syndrome and haematuria and

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20

Tennant, Neil. The Relevance Properties of Core Logic. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777892.003.0010.

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Ironically Anderson and Belnap argue for the rejection of Disjunctive Syllogism by means of an argument that appears to employ it. We aim to establish a ‘variable-sharing’ result for Classical Core Logic that is stronger than any such result for any other system. We define an exigent relevance condition R(X,A) on the premise-set X and the conclusion A of any proof, exploiting positive and negative occurrences of subformulae. This treatment includes first-order proofs. Our main result on relevance is that for every proof of A from X in Classical Core Logic, we have R(X,A). R(X,A) is a best poss

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21

De Deyne, Cathy, Ward Eertmans, and Jo Dens. Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0016_update_001.

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Many techniques are currently available for cerebral physiological monitoring in the intensive cardiac care unit environment. The ultimate goal of cerebral monitoring applied during the acute care of any patient with/or at risk of a neurological insult is the early detection of regional or global hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral insults. In the most ideal situation, cerebral monitoring should enable the detection of any deterioration before irreversible brain damage occurs or should at least enable the preservation of current brain function (such as in comatose patients after cardiac arrest). Most o

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22

Montgomery, Jr, Erwin B. Deep Brain Stimulation Programming. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.001.0001.

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This second edition of the book continues the basic premise that a thorough knowledge of the mechanisms by which neurons respond to electrical stimulation, how to control the stimulation and the regional anatomy allows the Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) programmer to effectively and efficiently help patients reach optimal control of their disorder. There are a great many variables that influence the patient’s response to DBS, such as the exact nature of the patient’s individual symptoms and disabilities and the variability of the surgical placement of stimulating leads. The complexity has expand

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Kinsella, Sinead, and John Holian. The effect of chronic renal failure on critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0218.

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The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is increasing, reflecting an increase in the incidence and prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Patients with CKD and ESKD frequently experience episodes of critical illness and require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU)setting. Management requires specific consideration of their renal disease status together with their acute illness. Mortality in critically-ill patients with ESKD is frequently related to their co-morbid conditions, rather than their ESKD status. Illness severity scoring systems

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24

Kenyon, Ian R. Quantum 20/20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808350.001.0001.

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This text reviews fundametals and incorporates key themes of quantum physics. One theme contrasts boson condensation and fermion exclusivity. Bose–Einstein condensation is basic to superconductivity, superfluidity and gaseous BEC. Fermion exclusivity leads to compact stars and to atomic structure, and thence to the band structure of metals and semiconductors with applications in material science, modern optics and electronics. A second theme is that a wavefunction at a point, and in particular its phase is unique (ignoring a global phase change). If there are symmetries, conservation laws foll

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Milonni, Peter W. An Introduction to Quantum Optics and Quantum Fluctuations. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199215614.001.0001.

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This book is an introduction to quantum optics for students who have studied electromagnetism and quantum mechanics at an advanced undergraduate or graduate level. It provides detailed expositions of theory with emphasis on general physical principles. Foundational topics in classical and quantum electrodynamics, including the semiclassical theory of atom-field interactions, the quantization of the electromagnetic field in dispersive and dissipative media, uncertainty relations, and spontaneous emission, are addressed in the first half of the book. The second half begins with a chapter on the

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26

Hwang, Young-Hwan, and York Pei. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease management. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0309_update_001.

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Management of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) currently comprises non-specific measures including promotion of healthy lifestyle, optimization of blood pressure control, and modification of cardiovascular risk factors. A high water intake of 3–4 L per day in patients with glomerular filtration rate greater than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 may decrease the risk of kidney stones, but its potential benefit in reducing renal cyst growth is presently unproven. Maintenance of a target blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg is recommended by expert clinical guidelines though this is u

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Ho, Kwok M. Kidney and acid–base physiology in anaesthetic practice. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0005.

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Anatomically the kidney consists of the cortex, medulla, and renal pelvis. The kidneys have approximately 2 million nephrons and receive 20% of the resting cardiac output making the kidneys the richest blood flow per gram of tissue in the body. A high blood and plasma flow to the kidneys is essential for the generation of a large amount of glomerular filtrate, up to 125 ml min−1, to regulate the fluid and electrolyte balance of the body. The kidneys also have many other important physiological functions, including excretion of metabolic wastes or toxins, regulation of blood volume and pressure

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McDermid, Robert C., and Sean M. Bagshaw. Physiological Reserve and Frailty in Critical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0028.

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Physicians have long sought to define a ‘physiologic age’ distinct from chronologic age which might account for some of the variance in response to critical illness and injury. This has led to the concept of ‘physiologic reserve’ which might represent a major driver of outcome in patients requiring intensive care. The human body is a complex system that adapts to a multitude of external stressors; however, senescence or illness can reduce inherent adaptive mechanisms, reducing complexity and reducing the threshold for decompensation (i.e. acute illness or injury). This theoretical critical thr

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29

Marks II, Robert J. Handbook of Fourier Analysis & Its Applications. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195335927.001.0001.

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Fourier analysis has many scientific applications - in physics, number theory, combinatorics, signal processing, probability theory, statistics, option pricing, cryptography, acoustics, oceanography, optics and diffraction, geometry, and other areas. In signal processing and related fields, Fourier analysis is typically thought of as decomposing a signal into its component frequencies and their amplitudes. This practical, applications-based professional handbook comprehensively covers the theory and applications of Fourier Analysis, spanning topics from engineering mathematics, signal processi

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30

Bompa, Tudor O., and Carlo A. Buzzichelli. Periodization of Strength Training for Sports. Human Kinetics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718225428.

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“Periodization of Strength Training for Sports can be used as a guide for coaches as well as for athletes who want to reach their full potential and avoid overtraining and injuries. I designed my annual training plan according to this book, and it helped my 3×3 basketball team achieve a #1 world ranking.” —Darko Krsman, MSc, ISCI-SSC, CSCS, Strength and Conditioning Coach, Coach of FIBA’s Top-Ranked 3×3 Basketball Team “Periodization of Strength Training for Sports is a must-read book for coaches in all sports who want their athletes to reach maximum performance. This resource has helped me tr

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Compston, Alastair. Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0871.

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The oligodendrocyte–myelin unit subserves saltatory conduction of the nerve impulse in the healthy central nervous system. At one time, many disease processes were thought exclusively to target the structure and function of myelin. Therefore, they were designated ‘demyelinating diseases’. But recent analyses, based mainly on pathological and imaging studies, (re)emphasize that axons are also directly involved in these disorders during both the acute and chronic phases. Another ambiguity is the extent to which these are inflammatory conditions. Here, distinctions should be made between inflamma

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Zydroń, Tymoteusz. Wpływ systemów korzeniowych wybranych gatunków drzew na przyrost wytrzymałości gruntu na ścinanie. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-46-5.

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The aim of the paper was to determine the influence of root systems of chosen tree species found in the Polish Flysch Carpathians on the increase of soil shear strength (root cohesion) in terms of slope stability. The paper's goal was achieved through comprehensive tests on root systems of eight relatively common in the Polish Flysch Carpathians tree species. The tests that were carried out included field work, laboratory work and analytical calculations. As part of the field work, the root area ratio (A IA) of the roots was determined using the method of profiling the walls of the trench at a

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