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Ma, Ying-Hui, Gang Liu, and Jie Yang. "Application of Flap in Repairing Defect of Orbital Tumor." Nepalese Journal of Cancer 3, no. 1 (2019): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njc.v3i1.25911.
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Introduction: Orbital tumors can extensively damage the upper and lower eyelid, peri-orbital skin, periorbital peri-bulbar tissue and eyeball. The complete removal of the tumor and the tissue destroyed by the tumor often leaves a large tissue defect area. Therefore, the application of flap in repairing defect after exenteration of orbital tumor is of paramount importance. The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical value of skin fl ap in repairing defect after exenteration of orbital tumor.
 Methods: From January 2008 to December 2017, there were 101 patients with orbital tumors, including 47 malignant and 54 benign tumors. All patients underwent excision of tumor while skin flap was used to repair tissue defects of different degrees. Postoperative observation showed the survival and functional recovery of tissue flap. Results: The skin flaps of the patients were completely alive after operation, the defect was completely closed, and the flaps were viable as of color of the flaps. Quality of life score significantly improved after flap surgery.
 Conclusion: The flap is used to repair the skin defect after orbital tumor surgery, which is helpful to improve the quality of life of patients with orbital tumor.
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Sharma, Ramlal, Kalpana Sharma, Deepti Parmar, Vineet Tanwar, Suresh Thakur, and Sarita Asotra. "Excision of massive orbital schwannoma through anterior orbital approach." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports 3, no. 3 (2023): 814–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_3099_22.
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Orbital schwannomas are rare, benign, slowly progressing, encapsulated tumors arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral sheath of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves and ciliary ganglion. The present case is of a 32-year-old male with painless protrusion of left eye for 4 years. It was radiologically diagnosed as retro-orbital hemangioma, but histopathologic examination of the orbital tumor showed orbital schwannoma. The rarity of orbital schwannomas among orbital tumors and improvement in vision along with retained eyelid functions despite excision of a massive tumor make this a unique case.
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Lisani, Silmi Lisani, Agus Supartoto, Purjanto Tepo Utomo, Banu Aji Dibyasakti, and Datu Respatika. "REVEALING ORBITAL TUMORS: 2-YEAR EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PROFILE, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND SURGICAL TECHNIQUE." Ophthalmologica Indonesiana 49, S1 (2024): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35749/vbeczx79.
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Introduction: Incidence of orbital tumors is relatively low, but the delay in diagnosis, even if benign, can lead to vision loss and deformity. Purposes: This study aims to review clinical and demographic information of orbital tumors in Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Method: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 138 patients who diagnosed with orbital tumors during July 2021 - March 2023. Data extracted included clinical characteristics, operative procedures, and histopathologic characteristics of orbital tumor. Result: There were 138 orbital tumors managed at hospital during 2-year period. Among 138 patients, 82 patients (59%) were female and 56 patients (40%) were male. Twenty-one patients (15%) were in childhood age and 117 patients (84.8%) were in adulthood age. The common clinical manifestations were proptosis (83.3%) and decreased vision (10.4%). The main procedure used was anterior orbitotomy (54.34%). Eighty-eight patients (63.7%) have primary tumors and 51.4% of the orbital tumors were malignant. The most cases in children were benign tumors (61.9%) meanwhile in adults were malignant (54.7%). The main orbital tumor in childhood age was a Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) (19%) and cyst (14.3%). On the other hand, in adult patient, the most common orbital tumor was meningioma (18%) and NHL (15.7%). Conclusion: Orbital tumors are challenging group of tumors with proptosis become the most frequent clinical characteristic that found. The orbital tumors in childhood and adulthood differ significantly in their incidence and tumor type with the percentage of malignant tumors increasing with age.
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Ningrom, Ira Citra, Andi Muh Maulana, Susiyadi Susiyadi, and Raudatul Janah. "Karakteristik Pasien Tumor Orbita Di PMN RS Mata Cicendo Bandung Periode 2017-2018." Herb-Medicine Journal 4, no. 2 (2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/hmj.v4i2.10380.
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Orbital tumors are tumors that occur in the orbital area where they can affect the outside of the orbit and the inside of the orbit. At present, it is still rare to report the prevalence of orbital tumors in the world. In developing countries such as Indonesia, reports on the incidence of orbital tumors are also rarely reported. Diagnosis and appropriate therapy if we recognize the characteristics of these orbital tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of orbital tumor patients at PMN Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung. This research is a descriptive observational study with cross sectional method with total sampling technique. Data were collected retrospectively based on medical records in the form of age, sex, eyes involved, tumor location, surgery, clinical diagnosis, and histopathological results. The results showed that orbital tumors with the majority of age> 45 years (43.3%), male gender (55.4%), involvement of the left ocular eye (51.18%), with the most frequent location not in the conjunctiva, palpebral and retrobulbar (36.8%), clinical diagnosis of benign tumors (68.3%) were cysts (22.4%), the most histopathological results of benign tumor lesions (71.4%) were inflammation (17%). So it can be concluded that knowing the characteristics of this orbital tumor will have an impact on the therapy given will be appropriate.
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Poudyal, Prija, Diwa Hamal, and Pawan Shrestha. "Orbital Tumors and Tumor like Lesions: A Hospital Based Study." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 20, no. 01 (2022): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.3727.
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Background: Orbital tumors have rare incidence, still they play a significant role in terms of morbidity and mortality. Orbital tumors may be primary, secondary or metastatic. These consist of benign and malignant lesions with extreme variations in pediatric and adult groups. These lesions can have acute or chronic onset, slow to rapid progression with or without bony destructions leading to vision loss, deformity and sometimes death. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine in Biratnagar Eye Hospital. Fifty-one patients who underwent histopathological evaluation for their orbital lesions from June 2018 to December 2019 were included in the study. Results: Orbital tumor and tumor like lesions comprised 27 cases (52.94%) in adults and 24 (47.06%) in paediatrics. Histopathologically, the most common pediatric benign tumor was dermoid cyst and malignant was secondary to orbital extension of retinoblastoma. Also, the most common adult benign orbital tumor was cavernous hemangioma and malignant was non Hodgkins lymphoma. The clinico-pathological accuracy for diagnosis was 68.63%. Association between age groups and nature of orbital lesions and between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Orbital tumors and tumor like lesions are uncommonly encountered. These masses showed significant variation in incidence in children versus adults. Combined efforts by different specialties help in early and prompt management of the orbital tumors. Keywords: Adult; neoplasms; Nepal; orbit; pediatrics.
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Gąsiorowski, Krzysztof, Michał Gontarz, Tomasz Marecik, et al. "Risk Factors for Orbital Invasion in Malignant Eyelid Tumors, Is Orbital Exenteration Still Necessary?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 3 (2024): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030726.
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Basal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant skin tumor of the eyelids in Caucasians, followed by squamous cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma. The primary treatment for these tumors is radical excision. In cases where malignant eyelid tumors are advanced and have invaded the orbit, orbital exenteration is necessary. In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the correlation between the risk of orbital infiltration and various factors like tumor location, size, histological type, and patient age. This study revealed that tumors in multiple regions increased the risk of orbital infiltration by 3.75 times. Tumors with a diameter of 21–30 mm raised the likelihood of requiring exenteration by 15.5 times compared to smaller tumors (up to 10 mm). Age was also associated with the likelihood of orbital invasion in periocular tumors. Interestingly, no correlation was found between the histological type of the tumor and the risk of orbital infiltration. Notably, the conjunctiva of the eyeball was the most commonly infiltrated orbital structure, followed by the orbital fat. Timely treatment and well-planned procedures are crucial for patients with malignant periocular skin tumors to avoid multiple reoperations and the potential need for orbital exenteration.
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Font, Ramon L. "Orbital Carcinoid Tumor." Archives of Ophthalmology 109, no. 3 (1991): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1991.01080030017003.
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Debnam, J. Matthew, Rory R. Mayer, Bita Esmaeli, Jeffrey S. Weinberg, Franco DeMonte, and Nandita Guha-Thakurta. "Three-Dimensional Multidetector CT for Anatomic Evaluation of Orbital Tumors." Journal of Ophthalmology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/674230.
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Intricate resection and complex reconstructive procedures often required for primary and metastatic orbital tumors are facilitated by accurate imaging. A three-dimensional (3D) image can be reconstructed from source axial multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images to visualize orbital tumors. To assess the utility of 3D images in this setting, the 3D images were reconstructed retrospectively for 20 patients with an orbital tumor and compared to two-dimensional (2D) orthogonal MDCT studies. Both types of images were assessed for their capacity to show the bony orbital walls and foramina, extraocular muscles, and optic nerve in the orbit contralateral to the tumor and, in the affected orbit, the extent of the tumor and its relationship to normal orbital contents and associated bone destruction. 3D imaging is most informative when axial images are acquired at 1.25 mm collimation. The optic nerve, extraocular muscles, and well-circumscribed orbital tumors were well visualized on 3D images. On 3D imaging, tumor-associated destruction of the lateral and superior orbital walls was fairly well demonstrated and that of the inferior and medial walls was not. The 3D images provide the surgeon with a comprehensive view of well-circumscribed orbital tumors and its relationship to extraocular muscles, exiting foramina, and the superior and lateral walls.
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Awan, Muhammad, Lea Carter, Heidi Mina, and Jorge Agi. "Recurrence of Benign Orbital Solitary Fibrous Tumor." International Journal of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research 12, no. 1 (2025): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-346x/1410159.
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Orbital solitary fibrous tumors are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all orbital tumors. These tumors are typically benign and surgical excision is curative, although recurrence of the neoplasm may occur after surgery. We report a case of a recurrent orbital solitary fibrous tumor in a 30-year-old female patient.
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Dimpi, Sinha, Sharma Sukrity, Kale Sudhir Kumar, Gorur Mohammed Imran, and Kaur Tripti. "Extramammary orbital myofibroblastoma: a rare orbital tumor." Orbit 40, no. 1 (2020): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01676830.2020.1711781.
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Sukmawati, Ni Luh Putu Nurindah, Putu Yuliawati, and Ni Made Laksmi Utari. "Melanoma maligna orbita: sebuah laporan kasus." Intisari Sains Medis 13, no. 1 (2022): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i1.1269.
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Introduction: Orbital melanoma (OM) is the most common type of primary intraocular neoplasm in adults. Although the incidence of OM is only 5% of melanoma tumors, OM causes death in 13% of melanoma tumors. The management of orbital melanoma originating from the uveal tissue is still controversial between surgical and nonsurgical therapy. Case Report: A male patient, 63 years old, complained that the patient's right eye was said to have appeared a lump since five months ago with a size of 6 x 6 x 7 cm, blackish red in color with clinical signs of malignancy. The patient underwent orbital exenteration and the patient's condition had no recurrence or other complaints until four months after the procedure. Conclusion: Orbital melanoma of uveal origin is a complex malignancy that requires a multidisciplinary approach to therapy and management. Early detection and adequate therapy are very important in increasing survival rates. Pendahuluan: Melanoma orbita (MO) merupakan tipe yang paling sering dari neoplasma primer intraokular pada dewasa. Meskipun insiden MO hanya 5% dari tumor melanoma, namun MO menimbulkan kematian pada 13% akibat tumor melanoma. Tatalaksana melanoma orbita yang berasal dari jaringan uvea sampai saat ini masih kontroversial antara terapi bedah dan nonbedah. Laporan Kasus: Seorang pasien laki-laki, 63 tahun, mengeluh mata kanan pasien dikatakan muncul benjolan sejak lima bulan yang lalu dengan ukuran 6 x 6 x 7 cm, berwarna merah kehitaman dengan klinis mengarah keganasan. Pasien dilakukan eksenterasi orbita dan kondisi pasien tidak terdapat kekambuhan ataupun keluhan lain hingga empat bulan setelah tindakan. Simpulan: Melanoma orbita yang berasal dari uvea merupakan keganasan yang kompleks yang membutuhkan pendekatan multidisiplin dalam terapi dan tatalaksana. Deteksi dini dan terapi yang adekuat sangat penting dalam upaya meningkatkan angka ketahanan hidup.
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Mohammad, Najah K. "Orbital tumors: A retrospective analysis of cases from Iraq and orbital anatomical perspectives." Surgical Neurology International 16 (February 28, 2025): 62. https://doi.org/10.25259/sni_38_2025.
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Background With its vital ocular and adnexal structures, the orbit may be affected by a wide array of neoplasms, including primary, secondary, and metastatic neoplasms. These lesions pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in view of complex orbital anatomy and overlapping clinical presentations. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology, clinical features, refractive impacts, and management outcomes of orbital tumors, providing insights to optimize diagnosis and treatment strategies. Methods This study retrospectively analyzes 22 patients who had a presentation of orbital tumors at the Istishari Ophthalmic Eye Hospital between January 2019 and January 2024. Collected data were demographic, clinical, refractive, tumor type, laterality, and management outcome. Advanced imaging studies and histopathological diagnoses confirm the diagnoses. Statistical tests will be applied in assessing the relationship among tumor types, clinical presentations, and refractive changes by means of Analysis of Variance and Chi-square tests. Results Cavernous hemangioma was the most prevalent tumor (54.5%), followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma and optic nerve meningioma (13.6% and 9.1%, respectively). Proptosis (31.8%) was the predominant symptom. Significant refractive changes were noted across tumor types (P = 0.012). Lateral orbitotomy was the most common surgical approach (68.2%), with adjuvant therapies utilized in 22.7% of cases. Tumors predominantly affected females (54.5%) and the left orbit (77.3%). Conclusion Orbital tumors present diverse clinical and refractive manifestations, necessitating individualized, multidisciplinary approaches for effective management. This study underscores the importance of advanced imaging, tailored surgical strategies, and the integration of minimally invasive techniques. Future multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings and enhance therapeutic outcomes.
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Singh, Srishti, Bagyam Raghavan, Sivaramalingam Geethapriya, et al. "The unforeseen orbital tumor." Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 30, no. 3 (2020): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijri.ijri_73_20.
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Paganelli, B., J. Meney, J. P. Nordmann, and A. Bennedjaï. "Orbital solitary fibrous tumor." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 47, no. 9 (2024): 104297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2024.104297.
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NARAGHI, M. "Endoscopic Orbital Tumor Surgery." Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 133, no. 2 (2005): P253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.05.623.
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Yang, Ya-Yun, Yung-Hsiang Hsu, and Tzu-Lun Huang. "Orbital solitary fibrous tumor." Tzu Chi Medical Journal 27, no. 1 (2015): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcmj.2013.09.007.
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Connelly, Patrick J. "Orbital Carcinoid Tumor-Reply." Archives of Ophthalmology 109, no. 3 (1991): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1991.01080030017004.
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Erb-Eigner, Katharina, Patrick Asbach, Sa-Ra Ro та ін. "DCE-MR imaging of orbital lesions: diagnostic performance of the tumor flow residence time τ calculated by a multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic tumor model based on individual factors". Acta Radiologica 60, № 5 (2018): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185118795324.
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Background Differentiating benign from malignant orbital lesions by imaging and clinical presentation can be challenging. Purpose To differentiate benign from malignant orbital masses using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) based on tumor flow residence time τ calculated with the aid of a pharmacokinetic tumor model. Material and Methods Sixty patients with orbital masses were investigated by 3-T MRI including dynamic sequences. The signal intensity-time curve after i.v. contrast medium administration within lesions was approximated by Gd-concentration profiles on the basis of model calculations where the tumor is embedded in a whole-body kinetic model. One output of the model was tumor flow residence time τ, defined as the ratio of the tumor volume and the tumor blood flow rate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic performance of τ. The results were compared with those of Ktrans, kep, ve, iAUC, and ADC. Results Thirty-one benign and 29 malignant orbital masses were identified (reference standard: histopathology, clinical characteristics). Mean τ was significantly longer for benign masses (94 ± 48 s) than for malignant masses (21 ± 19 s, P < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed the highest area under the curve (AUC = 0.94) for τ in orbital masses compared to standard methods. Conclusion Tumor flow residence times τ of benign and malignant orbital masses are valuable in the diagnostic work-up of orbital tumors. Measures of diagnostic accuracy were superior for τ compared to ADC, Ktrans, ve, and iAUC.
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E, Hasan, and Bushager F. "Spheno-orbital Meningiomas: A Case Report." Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 34, no. 3 (2022): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_3_7.
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Spheno-orbital meningiomas are benign tumors. They arise intracranially from the sphenoid ridge arachnoid villi cap cells, extending into the orbit. Herein, the authors report a case of a 50-year-old female who presented to Ophthalmology department with a complaint of right eye proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy showed a right sphenoid-orbital meningioma. The tumor was excised and the patient symptomatically improved. Patient had gross tumor reduction for right sphenoidal orbital extra-axial brain tumor with hyperostosis of the lateral wall of the orbit and sphenoidal ridge.
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Ali, Hussein Abbas, Ali Moheiseen Al-Taee Rajaa, J.I. Al-Shammari Mohammed, and A. Al-fahham Ali. "Epidemiology and Classification of Cystic Benign Orbital Tumors: A Review Article." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL RESEARCH 03, no. 08 (2024): 573–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13283243.
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Benign orbital tumor is known to be with a broad variation in the clinical features and findings. Tumors in this small cavity could quickly result in crucial symptoms in vision, even though complete loss of vision. These tumors may be infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic. Management and follow up may differ based on the tumor type, site, and spread into other systems. Because of what is known that the orbital cavity constitutes a small space, so that tiny projections like that observed with tumors and infection could result in huge physiologic disorders in near structures leading to anatomical and weak or total loss of vision. Deep awareness about orbit structure and physiology is needed to be aware about the complications of different orbital disorders and surgical therapy. Orbital cystic tumors comprise a collection of masses with various sings, histopathology and pathogenesis. This article cast a light on the epidemiology and classification of “cystic benign orbital tumors”.
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Navarro-Perea, Carmen, Cristina Calleja-García, Álvaro Bengoa-González, María-C. Garrido, Enrique Mencía-Gutiérrez, and Silvia Pérez-Trigo. "Orbital Solitary Fibrous Tumor: Four Case Reports—Clinical and Histopathological Features." Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2021 (June 9, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5822859.
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Purpose. To retrospectively describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of four cases of orbital solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). In one patient, we present an ultrasonic aspirator system for tumor removal. Methods. Four patients with orbital SFT were selected: one patient with orbital SFT, another patient with frontal and ethmoidal SFT and orbital affectation with high rates of recurrence, the third patient with frontal lobe SFT and orbital invasion with multiple recurrences, and the fourth case with a history of craniopharyngioma surgery and SFT located on the orbital apex. Results. All cases showed proptosis, eye movement restriction, and, in three cases, visual acuity alteration. Different treatments were applied: in three cases, excision was performed, one of them with an ultrasonic aspirator system, and in the remaining case, an exenteration was done (in two cases, radiosurgery treatment was also applied). The immunohistochemical study revealed SFT, similar to hemangiopericytomas (HPCs). No recurrence has been observed after surgical treatment. Conclusion. The SFT is a spectrum of different tumors with similar histopathological characteristics. The use of immunohistochemical markers is very helpful in the diagnosis. The main problem of orbital involvement is the risk of damaging important structures adjacent to the tumor during the surgical removal. The ultrasonic aspirator system allows elimination of the tumor without damaging other orbital structures.
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Knox, Robert J., James W. Gigantelli, and Bryan P. Arthurs. "Recurrent Orbital Inflammation From Metastatic Orbital Carcinoid Tumor." Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 17, no. 2 (2001): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002341-200103000-00013.
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Muhammad Izza Fachruriza Kirom, Delfitri Lutfi, Etty Hary Kusumastuti, and Dyah Fauziah. "Orbital tumors: the relationship of histopathological examination results and clinical characteristics: A literature review." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 2 (2024): 351–61. https://doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2024.12.2.0219.
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Orbital tumors, which can be neoplastic or non-neoplastic, vary in their clinical impact, ranging from cosmetic concerns to severe complications like vision loss or death in metastatic cases. These tumors are classified based on their cellular origin, including hematolymphoid, vascular, neurogenic, and others, to aid in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Clinically, orbital tumors present with symptoms such as proptosis, decreased visual acuity, diplopia, pain, and inflammation, which are key diagnostic indicators. Early detection through imaging techniques like MRI and CT scans, along with histopathological examination, is crucial for effective management and preserving vision. Globally, benign orbital tumors are more common than malignant ones, with idiopathic orbital inflammation being the most frequent benign tumor. However, the prevalence and characteristics of orbital tumors are underreported in regions like Indonesia, indicating a need for better regional awareness. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis, and its integration with clinical evaluation improves tumor identification and management. The review emphasizes the need for further studies to explore the relationship between clinical features and histopathology, which could improve early detection, diagnostic accuracy, and treatment strategies for orbital tumors.
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Lubis, Rodiah Rahmawaty, Cut Adeya Adella, and Lokot Donna Lubis. "Relationship between Superoxide Dismutase Manganese Gene Polymorphism and Eye Tumors." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, A (2021): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5968.
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ABSTRACT
 
 Background: Orbital tumor in Indonesia is one of the eye health problems that can cause blindness. The impact caused by orbital tumors on patients is quite large because it can result in blindness and even death due to its metastatic nature. The role that SOD plays in cancer biology is not well understood, most studies showing a more oxidative state, characterized by increased intracellular ROS, particularly superoxide.
 Objective: To determine the relationship between Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (SOD2) gene polymorphisms and the incidence of orbital tumors in Medan.
 Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional data collection method using controls. Comparisons were made between the control group and the observed group to see the relationship between SOD2 polymorphisms and the risk of orbital tumor incidence in Medan. The ophthalmic examination, anterior and posterior segments, and assessment of CT orbit if deemed necessary for the orbital tumor patients. Histopathological examination was done by the Pathologist. Blood samples was taken for polymorphism examination on extracted DNA using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) methods.
 Results: About 30 patients that met the inclusion criterias. Laterality, the left eye is more likely to suffer from tumors when compared to the right eye. This study found as many as 16 patients, while malignant tumors was 14 patients. There was a relationship between the MnSOD gene polymorphism and the incidence of orbital tumors (p <0.001), there was a relationship between the MnSOD gene polymorphism and the incidence of orbital tumors in the female sex (p <0.001)
 Conclusion: There was a relationship between MnSOD gene polymorphisms and the incidence of orbital tumors (p <0.001)
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Novelli, Giorgio, Marco Gramegna, Gabriele Tonellini, et al. "Orbital Osteoblastoma: Technical Innovations in Resection and Reconstruction Using Virtual Surgery Simulation." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 9, no. 3 (2016): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584397.
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Osteoblastoma is a benign tumor of bone, representing less than 1% of bone tumors. Craniomaxillofacial localizations account for up to 15% of the total and frequently involve the posterior mandible. Endo-orbital localization is very rare, with most occurring in young patients. Very few of these tumors become malignant. Orbital localization requires radical removal of the tumor followed by careful surgical reconstruction of the orbit to avoid subsequent aesthetic or functional problems. Here, we present a clinical case of this condition and describe a surgical protocol that uses and integrates state-of-the art technologies to achieve orbital reconstruction.
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Schick, Uta, Joris Bleyen, Alan Bani, and Werner Hassler. "Management of meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing." Journal of Neurosurgery 104, no. 2 (2006): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2006.104.2.208.
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Object The authors present their findings on growth patterns in a large series of surgically treated meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing. Methods A retrospective case analysis was performed in 67 patients (53 of whom were female) harboring meningiomas en plaque originating from the sphenoid wing, who underwent surgery between 1991 and 2002. The standard surgical approach consisted of pterional craniotomy and extradural resection of any infiltrated bone. The intracranial tumor was removed, and the dura mater and bone were reconstructed. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 118 months (mean 45.7 months). Total macroscopic resection was achieved in 40 patients. Forty-eight meningiomas extended to the orbital roof and/or the lateral orbital wall, 34 involved the extraconal space, and eight the intraconal space. Fifty-four tumors involved the superior orbital fissure, 46 the optic canal, and 21 the inferior orbital fissure. Twelve tumors infiltrated the cavernous sinus and 27 involved the anterior clinoid process. There were no deaths in this group of patients; the rate of minor morbidity was 11.9% and the rate of major morbidity was 3%. Subtotal resections were performed in 27 patients because there was intraorbital tumor (eight patients), tumor in the cavernous sinus (nine patients), tumor beyond the tentorial notch (three patients), tumor invading the superior orbital fissure (four patients), and tumor of the skull base (three patients). Five patients underwent postoperative three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, which resulted in stable tumor volume at follow up. Tumor recurrence was identified in seven patients (10.4%) postoperatively (range of follow up 13–47 months). Conclusions The goal of surgery is complete tumor removal without morbidity. An exact analysis of tumor growth and its involvement of different structures is mandatory before performing surgery.
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Mahmoud, Anis, Hager Touil, Fadima Hann, and Riadh Messaoud. "Case Report: an unusual orbital tumor." F1000Research 12 (June 19, 2023): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.130056.1.
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Introduction: Orbital lipoma is an extremely rare tumor, representing less than 1% of all orbital tumors. We review the literature and describe the presentation, the differential diagnosis and the management of this tumor. Case report: We report the case of a 63-year-old patient who was referred for a diplopia with recent hemi-cranial headache. Physical examination showed no exophthalmos nor decrease in visual acuity. The patient complained of diplopia on elevation and oculomotricity examination showed limited elevation of the right eye. The Hess Lancaster test was in favor of a limited course of the right inferior rectus muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a fusiform tissue process in the right inferior rectus muscle with a fatty signal. A complete excision of the tumor was performed by a trasncunjonctival approach. Cytopathological examination was consistent with a pleomorphic lipoma. The postoperative period was uneventful. The definitive histopathologic diagnosis was a lipoma. The postoperative Magnetic resonance imaging showed the complete disappearance of the lesion. With 3 years of follow up, there is no sign of recurrence or ocular motility trouble. Conclusion: Lipomas are rare tumors in the orbit. The clinic is variable depending on the size and the site. The clinical diagnosis is difficult to make. Only histology allows the final diagnosis.
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Mahmoud, Anis, Hager Touil, Fadima Hann, and Riadh Messaoud. "Case Report: an unusual orbital tumor." F1000Research 12 (October 27, 2023): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.130056.2.
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Introduction Orbital lipoma is an extremely rare tumor, representing less than 1% of all orbital tumors. We review the literature and describe the presentation, the differential diagnosis and the management of this tumor. Case report We report the case of a 63-year-old patient who was referred for a diplopia with recent hemi-cranial headache. Physical examination showed no exophthalmos nor decrease in visual acuity. The patient complained of diplopia on elevation and oculomotricity examination showed limited elevation of the right eye. The Hess Lancaster test was in favor of a limited course of the right inferior rectus muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a fusiform tissue process in the right inferior rectus muscle with a fatty signal. A complete excision of the tumor was performed by a trasncunjonctival approach. Cytopathological examination was consistent with a pleomorphic lipoma. The postoperative period was uneventful. The definitive histopathologic diagnosis was a lipoma. The postoperative Magnetic resonance imaging showed the complete disappearance of the lesion. With 3 years of follow up, there is no sign of recurrence or ocular motility trouble. Conclusion: Lipomas are rare tumors in the orbit. The clinic is variable depending on the size and the site. The clinical diagnosis is difficult to make. Only histology allows the final diagnosis.
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Kumar, Rajeev, Kapil Sikka, C. Preetam, Rakesh Kumar, and Prashant Durgapal. "A Rare Association of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Maxilla and Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 6, no. 1 (2013): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1146.
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ABSTRACT Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (pseudotumor) is a rare tumor belonging to the family of fibrous mesenchymal tumors. Though it usually involves lungs, but extrapulmonary site involvement, especially head and neck region is rare. In this paper, we are presenting a 26-year-old male patient, with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of maxilla, with a rare association with a prior history of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease, treated medically. The patient was treated surgically with complete excision of the pathology from maxilla. This case report intents to review the controversies in management of this tumor and also to enlighten the possible association between the orbital and maxillary pseudotumor. How to cite this article Preetam C, Kumar R, Sikka K, Kumar R, Durgapal P. A Rare Association of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Maxilla and Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):41-43.
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Polishchuk, M. E., M. S. Gudym, D. V. Shchehlov, et al. "Surgical treatment of tumors of the orbit and cranio-orbital region." Archive of Ukrainian Ophthalmology 9, no. 1 (2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2309-8147.9.1.2021.229523.
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Background. Surgical treatment of space-occupying orbital masses and cranio-orbital tumors is relevant due to the features of the diagnosis and surgical stage of treatment because of the dense arrangement of neurovascular and muscular structures in a small orbital space. The purpose was to determine the features of the surgical treatment of orbital and cranio-orbital tumors. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 102 patients (76 women, 26 men) with orbital and cranio-orbital tumors who were treated at the Department of Neurosurgery 2 at Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital from 2000 to 2016 was carried out. Results. Eighty-six (84.3 %) patients had benign tumors, 16 (15.7 %) — malignant. Pterional craniotomy with orbitotomy was performed in 72 (70.6 %) cases, lateral orbital approach was used in 20 (19.6 %) patients, and anterior orbitotomy — in 10 (9.8 %). Total tumor resection was achieved in 71 (69.6 %) cases. After the removal of tumors located in the anterior 2/3 of the orbit and orbital apex, a satisfactory and good result was achieved in 93.9 and 92.4 %, respectively. The worst results were obtained after surgical treatment of tumors located in the posterior third of the orbit, which were intra- and extraconal, unsatisfactory results was observed in 37.5 % of cases in each group (II and III). In the early postoperative period, 18 (17.6 %) patients had complications, the most frequent were: visual impairment — 8.8 %, oculomotor disorders — 8.8 %, and ptosis — 5.9 %. However, in 6 patients they regressed by the time of discharge. The risk of complications was higher after the removal of intraconal tumors of the posterior third of the orbit (odds ratio 5.71 (95% confidence interval 1.28–25.55), p = 0.012), and did not depend on histological structure. Conclusions. The choice of a surgical approach for removing orbital and cranio-orbital tumors depends on the relation of the tumor to the plane of optic nerve, muscular cone, optic canal, superior orbital fissure. The results of the treatment for orbital and cranio-orbital tumors depended primarily on the location and spread of the process at the time of surgery. Worsening of symptoms after surgical treatment was found mainly in patients with tumors of the posterior third of the orbit.
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FRIEDRICH, REINHARD E., and CHRISTIAN HAGEL. "Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) Arising from Orbital Plexiform Neurofibroma in a Small Child With Neurofibromatosis Type 1." Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis 5, no. 2 (2025): 244–54. https://doi.org/10.21873/cdp.10436.
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Background/Aim: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary tumor predisposition syndrome. In approximately 30% of cases, plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are identified, which are precursor lesions for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). MPNST is a major cause of the reduced life expectancy of NF1 patients. Case Report: The patient, a two-year-old at the time of surgical treatment, had been diagnosed with an orbital nerve sheath tumor causing lid swelling and ptosis since birth. The tumor showed disproportionately rapid growth, leading to increasing functional (mechanical) restrictions in lid elevation. Surgical exploration of the orbit indicated a PNF with areas of a MPNST. Two months later, a new biopsy confirmed the MPNST. The tumor was treated with multimodal chemotherapy. After completion of chemotherapy, orbital exenteration was performed. The tissue specimens only comprised tissue of a benign PNF. However, within six months, the patient developed an intracranial recurrence and died from a rapidly growing intracerebral tumor fraction, which histologically proved to be a MPNST. Conclusion: Orbital PNF is a rare and characteristic manifestation of facial NF1. Typically, tumors in this localization are associated with severe functional disabilities and aesthetic disfigurement, resulting from invasive tumor growth and skeletal deformities. Histological classification of the tumors may be challenging due to varying histological differentiation in different tumor locations. Thus, early diagnosis with representative tumor sampling and complete histological work-up of the specimen together with multimodal therapy are essential prerequisites to overcome the poor prognosis of these tumors.
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Hong, Sukwoo, and Takayuki Hara. "Hybrid nerve sheath tumor in the orbit: A case report and review of literature." Surgical Neurology International 10 (December 20, 2019): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_542_2019.
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Background: In neurosurgical practice, we rarely encounter hybrid nerve sheath tumors (HNST) in the orbit. We recently had a patient of this rare tumor. We believe that this is the first report where we resected the tumor transcranially. Case Description: A 54-year-old male presented with the left proptosis and intraconal tumor of 43 mm. We performed fronto-orbital craniotomy to resect the tumor mass. His proptosis completely improved and discharged home with a modified Rankin Scale of 1. Conclusion: Transcranial resection of orbital HNST was a safe and effective way to treat. Since we do not have much data regarding this rare tumor, we need to accumulate more cases.
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Woo, David, James Leong, Dale Waring, Alok Sharma, and Peter Martin. "Orbital Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Metastasis." Orbit 31, no. 2 (2012): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01676830.2011.638100.
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Mogaddam, Aliakbar Saber, Bahram Memar, Amir Aledavood, and Alireza Eslampoor. "Isolated Orbital Endodermal Sinus Tumor." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 23, no. 6 (2007): 477–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e31815928de.
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Shyla, P. R., Reshmi M. Nair, and Thara Somanathan. "Rare case of orbital tumor." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 59, no. 2 (2007): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-007-0052-z.
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Yuen, Hunter K. L. "Orbital Sclerosing Extramedullary Hematopoietic Tumor." Archives of Ophthalmology 123, no. 5 (2005): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.123.5.689.
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Reyes-Soto, Gervith, Jose F. Carrillo-Hernández, Bernardo Cacho-Díaz, et al. "Surgical treatment of orbital tumors in a single center: Analysis and results." Surgical Neurology International 15 (April 5, 2024): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_1016_2023.
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Background: Orbital tumors, arising within the bony orbit and its contents, present diverse challenges due to their varied origins and complex anatomical context. These tumors, classified as primary, secondary, or metastatic, are further subdivided into intraconal and extraconal based on their relationship with the muscle cone. This classification significantly influences surgical approach and management. This study highlights surgical experiences with orbital tumors, underscoring the importance of tailored surgical approaches based on the lesion’s site and its proximity to the optic nerve. Methods: This retrospective study at the National Institute of Cancer’s Head and Neck Department (2005–2014) analyzed 29 patients with orbital tumors treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or combinations of them. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment responses were evaluated using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography-CT imaging. Malignant tumors often required orbital exenteration and reconstruction, highlighting the study’s commitment to advancing orbital tumor treatment. Results: 29 patients (18 females and 11 males, age 18–88 years, mean 53.5 years) with orbital tumors exhibited symptoms such as decreased vision and exophthalmos. Tumors included primary lesions like choroidal melanoma and secondary types like epidermoid carcinoma. Treatments varied, involving a multidisciplinary team for surgical approaches like exenteration, with follow-up from 1 to 9 years. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used for specific cases. Conclusion: Our study underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach in treating orbital tumors, involving various surgical specialists and advanced technologies like neuronavigation for tailored treatment. The integration of surgery with radiotherapy and chemotherapy highlights the effectiveness of multidimensional treatment strategies.
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Lystratenko, O. I., A. M. Kardash, D. O. Lystratenko, A. V. Vashchenko, and O. F. Smyrnova. "Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Orbital Tumors of Various Localizations and Histostructures." Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 6, no. 1 (2020): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/111.
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The article reviews and analyzes the results of treatment of 32 patients with orbital tumors operated in the clinic, neurosurgery until the period from 2015 till September 2019. Goals and objectives: coverage of clinical signs and symptoms, histology, diagnostic methods and treatment of patients operated on with orbital tumors during the period 2015-2019. Determination of optimal surgical approach to the tumors with different localization for performing the radical organ-preserving surgery, with maximal saving of visual functions, minimization of oculomotor disorders, patient disability. Materials and Methods: we analyzed the clinical cases of 32 patients undergoing treatment in DOKTMO with orbital tumors for the period from 2015 till September 2019. Patients were operated on with various approaches - transcutaneous, subconjunctive (without orbitotomy), fronto-orbito-zygomatic, pterional, subfrontal (neurosurgical approaches), transmaxillary, transethmoidal (ENT approaches). The choice of surgical approaches were individual. In 2 cases we become a backset of tumor growth: one patient with aggressive adenocarcinoma, after 18 months, leading to orbital exentration and the child, 9 years old with rhabdomyosarcoma after non-radical removal of tumors of subconjunctival approach. In all other cases, relapses were not detected, operation were organ-preserving oriented. Conclusions: the results of treatment of patients with tumors directly depend on the choice of radicality tumor removal, which is associated with the choice of surgical approach, chemical, radiation treatment in postoperative period depending on the histological response. From our point of view, the most universal method for tumor removal with various localizations and sizes is fronto-orbito-zygomatic approach which provides the performance of radical organ-preserving operation with maximal vision saving, minimizing oculomotor disorders, disability of the patient, despite its technical complexity for ophthalmologist surgeons. In this regard, surgery of orbital tumors is subject to the competence of doctors of related specialties.
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Kiratli, Hayyam, Kadriye Erkan Balcı, and Gülnur Güler. "Primary orbital endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor)." Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 12, no. 6 (2008): 623–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2008.06.011.
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Ghartimagar, D., A. Ghosh, MK Shrestha, et al. "Orbital lymphoma in an elderly patient." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 7, no. 1 (2017): 1124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v7i1.16939.
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Lymphomas of the orbit and orbital adnexae are rare tumors, comprising only 1% of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Lymphomas are the most common primary orbital tumor in adults of age 60 years and older. Here we present a case of 49 year male with left upper lid swelling since 1 year who was diagnosed histopathologically as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of orbital region.
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Nagashima, Hiroaki, Kazuki Yamamoto, Atsufumi Kawamura, Tatsuya Nagashima, Koji Nomura, and Makiko Yoshida. "Pediatric orbital schwannoma originating from the oculomotor nerve." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 9, no. 2 (2012): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.11.peds1192.
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Intraorbital schwannoma is a rare tumor that constitutes approximately 1%–8% of all orbital tumors. The authors report a case of orbital schwannoma in a 5-year-old boy who was admitted to their institute with exophthalmos and ptosis of the right eye. Computed tomography scanning and MR imaging revealed a retroocular mass in the right orbit. The tumor was successfully removed via a transcranial approach. The pathological diagnosis was schwannoma that appeared to originate from the superior branch of the oculomotor nerve. Despite the rarity of these intraorbital extraocular tumors in children, schwannomas should be differentiated from other intraorbital tumors.
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Wakisaka, Shinichiro, Manabu Tashiro, Shinichi Nakano, Toshihiro Kita, Hiroto Kisanuki, and Kazuo Kinoshita. "Intracranial and Orbital Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases." Neurosurgery 26, no. 5 (1990): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199005000-00021.
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Abstract Two cases of rare intracranial and orbital metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma are presented. A 61-year-old woman was found to have a metastatic tumor in the right temporo-occipital lobe 1 year after undergoing treatment for a primary hepatoma. An osteolytic tumor was removed from the left orbit of a 58-year-old man and the primary tumor, a hepatoma, was discovered postoperatively. The intracranial and orbital tumors were verified to be hepatocellular carcinoma. Both patients died within 1 year of surgery. The relevant literature is briefly reviewed.
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Atmaca, Ali Fuat, Serkan Altınova, Abdullah Erdem Canda, et al. "Retroperitoneal Extragonadal Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor with Synchronous Orbital Metastasis." Advances in Urology 2009 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/419059.
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A huge retroperitoneal tumor with a right orbital mass was detected and proved to be an extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor on biopsy. BEP chemotherapy caused some regression in orbital mass however no change in retroperitoneal tumor size as well as serum tumor marker levels occurred. Herein, we present a rarely seen entity of extragonadal retroperitoneal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor with synchronous orbital metastases and discuss its diagnosis and management.
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Risalma, Elfi, and Ardizal Rahman. "Pediatric Primary Orbital Tumors in Dr.M. Djamil General Hospital Padang." Ophthalmologica Indonesiana 43, no. 2 (2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.35749/journal.v43i2.153.
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 Introduction : Primary orbital tumors of childhood are different from tumors that occur in adults. Many are congenital with early presentation. In pediatric population, a delay in diagnosis of orbital tumors , even benign tumor can lead to vision loss and deformity. Objective : To report pediatric primary orbital tumors in Dr.M.Djamil Hospital Padang. 
 Method : A retrospective study of orbital tumors in pediatric patients admitted to DR.M.Djamil Hospital between 2003- 2016. Data were obtained from medical records which described patients characteristics based on type, sex,presentation, and management. Result : There were 36 patients of pediatric primary orbital tumors which consist of 20 boys and 16 girls, diagnosis based onclinical sympoms, CT-Scan and pathological examination. The most common tumors in pediatric was Rhabdomyosarcoma in 11 patients (30,55%), Glioma of the Optic nerve in 8 patients (22.22%), Limphoma Malignum in 5 patients (13.88%), Capillary Hemangiomas in 2 patients (5.55%), Cavernous Hemangioma in 2 patients (5.55%), AV Malformation in 2 patients (5.55%), Meningioma in 1 patient (2.77%), Neurofibromatosis in 1 patient (2.77%), Neurilemomoa in 1 patient (2.77%), Limfohemangioma in 1 patient (2.77%), osteoma in 1 patient (2.77%) and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma in 1 patient (2,94%). Surgery had been performed in 11 patients (30.55%), chemotherapy in 7 patients (19.44%), radiotherapy in 1 patient (2,77%), Combination therapy in 2 patient (5.55%), medical therapy in 1 patient (2.77%) and the remains 14 patients (38.89%) were observed. 
 Conclusion : There were 36 cases pediatric orbital tumors during 14 years. The most common tumor was Rhabdomyosarcoma. Management of pediatric orbital tumors consists of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and combination therapy. 
 
 
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Ioakeim-Ioannidou, Myrsini, and Shannon M. MacDonald. "Evolution of Care of Orbital Tumors with Radiation Therapy." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 81, no. 04 (2020): 480–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713894.
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AbstractOrbital tumors are rare lesions comprising 0.1% of all tumors and less than 20% of all ocular diseases. These lesions in children and adults differ significantly in their incidence, tumor type, and treatment management. Although surgery and systemic therapies are commonly used in the management of these diseases, radiation therapy has become a widely used treatment for both benign and malignant tumors of the orbit. Radiotherapy is used as a definitive treatment to provide local control while avoiding morbidity associated with surgery for some tumors while it is used as an adjuvant treatment following surgical resection for others. For many tumors, radiation provides excellent tumor control with preservation of visual function. This article is dedicated for presenting the most common applications of orbital radiotherapy. A brief overview of the commonly available radiation therapy modalities is given. Dose constraint goals are reviewed and acute and long-term side effects are discussed. Orbital tumors covered in this article include optic glioma, ocular melanoma, retinoblastoma, orbital rhabdomyosarcoma, orbital lymphoma, and lacrimal gland tumors. Background information, indications for radiotherapy, and goals of treatment for each case example are described.
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Shao, Ji, Jiazhu Zhu, Kai Jin, et al. "End-to-End Deep-Learning-Based Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Orbital Tumors on Computed Tomography Images." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 2 (2023): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020204.
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Determining the nature of orbital tumors is challenging for current imaging interpretation methods, which hinders timely treatment. This study aimed to propose an end-to-end deep learning system to automatically diagnose orbital tumors. A multi-center dataset of 602 non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images were prepared. After image annotation and preprocessing, the CT images were used to train and test the deep learning (DL) model for the following two stages: orbital tumor segmentation and classification. The performance on the testing set was compared with the assessment of three ophthalmologists. For tumor segmentation, the model achieved a satisfactory performance, with an average dice similarity coefficient of 0.89. The classification model had an accuracy of 86.96%, a sensitivity of 80.00%, and a specificity of 94.12%. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of the 10-fold cross-validation ranged from 0.8439 to 0.9546. There was no significant difference on diagnostic performance of the DL-based system and three ophthalmologists (p > 0.05). The proposed end-to-end deep learning system could deliver accurate segmentation and diagnosis of orbital tumors based on noninvasive CT images. Its effectiveness and independence from human interaction allow the potential for tumor screening in the orbit and other parts of the body.
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Skarica, Rade, Boris Zdilar, Domagoj Rasic, et al. "Orbital cavernous hemangioma." Acta Chirurgica Croatica 12, no. 1 (2015): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3534076.
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The aim of this case report was to present a patient with a benign orbital tumor, cavernous hemangioma, who presented with symptoms of compressive orbital mass: unilateral axial proptosis, with motility restriction and sudden vision loss in the left eye. Ophthalmologic examination (visual acuity, applanation tonometry, Goldmann tonometer, visual field) and radiologic examination diagnosed a benign, well circumscribed, vascular, intraconal tumor that compresses the optic nerve. Treatment was operative: lateral orbitectomy Krönlein procedure and the tumor was removed. Pathologic and pathohistologic examination confirmed the previous diagnosis. Follow up examination, visual field and MRI of the orbit showed considerable improvement. Surgical treatment was also the final treatment and no adjuvant therapy was necessary. Prognosis for visual acuity and life is excellent.
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Yan, Yu, Shuangle Li, Mi Zhou, and Qin Zhong. "Orbital fibroblastic reticular cell tumor: A case report and literature review for a rare disease." Medicine 104, no. 23 (2025): e42807. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000042807.
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Rationale: This study investigates the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of fibroblastic reticular cell tumors (FRCTs) through a retrospective analysis of a patient with FRCT, along with a review of relevant literature. Patient concerns: A 49-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of swelling and discomfort in the right eye, occasionally accompanied by double vision, for more than 3 months. Physical examination revealed an obliquely downward right eye, ptosis, and a palpable medium–hard tumor at the supraorbital rim of the orbit. Diagnoses: An orbital B-type ultrasound, orbital computed tomography, and orbital contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were performed, and the findings suggested a diagnosis of right orbital hemangioma. Interventions: Following imaging studies, the tumor was surgically excised. Microscopic pathological examination revealed that the lesion was composed of lymphatic follicles and spindle cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that: the tumor is mainly composed of spindle fibroblastic cells, accompanied by the formation of lymphoid follicles. Immunohistochemical staining shows that the lymphoid follicles express CD20 positively, while the Ki67 positive index of the spindle tumor cells is lower. Based on these findings, the pathologists believed that the lesion was consistent with an FRCT. Outcomes: The patient refused subsequent treatment and was discharged. Postoperative imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) conducted at 4 and 24 weeks revealed no recurrence of the tumor. Lessons: FRCTs are exceedingly rare in clinical practice, This is the first case report of an orbital FRCT. The main clinical manifestation is a painless orbital mass, and the imaging findings are nonspecific; therefore, the diagnosis mainly depends on the pathology and immune phenotype of the tumor. Currently, there are no detailed data regarding the effects of postoperative adjuvant therapy. With more reports and studies on patients with FRCT, the diagnostic accuracy for this disease can be increased, and more accurate and personalized treatment plans can be developed.
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Maroon, Joseph C., John S. Kennerdell, Danko V. Vidovich, Adnan Abla, and Linda Sternau. "Recurrent spheno-orbital meningioma." Journal of Neurosurgery 80, no. 2 (1994): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0202.
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✓ A series of 15 patients who underwent neurosurgical procedures for recurrent spheno-orbital meningioma is reported. There were 11 women and four men, with a mean age of 46 years. The mean duration between the first and second operations was 46 months. Progressive proptosis without neurological deficit was the most common symptom. All tumors were large at the time of reoperation and involved the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone and the orbit. Aggressive resection in all patients resulted in no deaths and only slight morbidity, with the exception of one patient who developed blindness 24 hours after surgery due to central retinal artery occlusion. Fourteen patients were improved cosmetically and one patient, treated early in the series, had persistent proptosis due to inadequate bone removal. No attempt was made to remove tumor within the cavernous sinus in patients who were neurologically normal. Although postoperative imaging demonstrated complete gross excision of tumor in nine patients, 10 underwent conventional radiation therapy for residual tumor visualized at the time of surgery in the dura of the superior orbital fissure, the cavernous sinus, or the basal optic canal. Although this study is inconclusive and requires further long-term documentation, no recurrences have been seen to date in the follow-up period, ranging from 16 to 95 months. The following important points are discussed: 1) the failure by experienced surgeons to radically excise bone, tumor, and involved dura at the first operation; 2) the importance of early aggressive therapy, depending upon the patient's age and medical condition; 3) the almost invariable intracranial dural involvement, which at times was seen only by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and not visualized on computerized tomography; 4) an illustrated stepwise surgical technique for complete resection through a small craniotomy without the need for complicated reconstruction of the orbit or temporal fossa; 5) the role of radiation therapy when removal is incomplete or deemed hazardous because of cavernous sinus involvement; and 6) the excellent cosmetic results possible with minimal morbidity and no mortality.
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Jo, Kyung-Il, Yong Seok Im, Doo-Sik Kong, et al. "Multisession Gamma Knife surgery for benign orbital tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 117, Special_Suppl (2012): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.7.gks12780.
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Object The goal of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of multisession Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in the treatment of benign orbital tumors. Methods Twenty-three patients who retained their vision despite having tumors touching their optic nerve were treated with multisession (4-fraction) GKS. The median tumor volume was 2800 mm3 (range 211–10,800 mm3), and the median cumulative margin dose was 20 Gy (range 18–22 Gy). Results The median clinical follow-up duration in these patients was 38 months (range 9–74 months). No patient experienced tumor progression in this study. In particular, a higher degree of tumor shrinkage was found in the 7 patients with cavernous hemangiomas than in patients with other types of lesions (p < 0.05). Of the 23 patients whose preoperative vision was preserved, 11 showed improvement in visual acuity and/or visual field and 12 showed stable visual acuity. No GKS-related adverse events were noted during or after treatment. Conclusions Multisession radiosurgery using the Gamma Knife may be a good strategy for tumors in direct contact with the optic nerve. A cumulative margin dose of up to 22 Gy delivered in 4 sessions is safe for preservation of visual function with a high probability of tumor control.