Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Ovulation

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Ovulation”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 27 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Ovulation"

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Poonam, Dr, S. Suman, MK Gupta i RK Rauniyar. "The Role of Ultrasound in Ovulation Detection Compared To BBT and Other Methods". Nepalese Journal of Radiology 3, nr 2 (15.01.2014): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v3i2.9608.

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Background: The detection of timing of ovulation is an important step in the evaluation and management of subfertility. Ultrasonography plays a vital role in monitoring follicular growth. Aims: To assess the value of ultrasound scanning of the ovaries in the periovulatory period to detect ovulation and to correlate the results with basal body temperature (BBT) chart and other presumptive evidences of ovulation. Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 60 subfertile patients were selected from the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology, BPKIHS, Dharan. BBT charting, midcycle abdominal pain record & premenstrual endometrial biopsy were performed in all patients i.e. in spontaneous ovulating and anovulating (induced later). Ultrasonographic periovulatory follicular tracking was usually started around 10th day of the cycle. The results were then correlated with BBT mainly and also with mittelschmerz and endometrial biopsy. Results: In this series fifty five patients, who demonstrated sixty ovulations (with failed inductions in five patients) were monitored for hundred ten cycles. The mean preovulatory follicular diameter was 20.55 mm and 21.76 mm in spontaneous and induced cycles respectively. Majority (36%) demonstrated ovulation by disappearance of follicles accompanied by increase in the amount of fluid in the pouch of Douglas (POD). In this study five cases (14.2%) out of thirty five showing biphasic BBT were anovulatoty. Whereas five cases out of twenty one showing monophasic BBT were ovulating. Amongst the inconclusive group, one (25%) patient was ovulating and the rest four (75%) were anovulatoty. Only 35% patients experienced midcycle pain. Ipsilateral pain was commoner (16.6%) than contralateral (6.6%) and central pain (11.6%). Conclusion: Ultrasonographic follicular tracking is a reliable method of ovulation detection. Ovulation precedes the initial rise in temperature in most women confirming the limited value of the rise in BBT as a predictor of ovulation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v3i2.9608 Nepalese Journal of Radiology Vol.3(2)July-Dec, 2013: 57-64
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Martinez-Ros, Paula, Alejandro Rios-Abellan i Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes. "Influence of Progesterone-Treatment Length and eCG Administration on Appearance of Estrus Behavior, Ovulatory Success and Fertility in Sheep". Animals 9, nr 1 (26.12.2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9010009.

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The present study characterizes, for sheep, the occurrence and timing of the onset of estrus behavior and ovulation and the yields obtained (ovulation rate, progesterone secretion, and fertility) after Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) insertion for five, six, seven, or fourteen days, with or without equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in ewes of the Segureña meat breed. All the treatments showed above 80% of females displaying estrus, but the onset of estrus was earlier and more synchronized when using eCG and, among groups with eCG, onset of estrus was earlier in the sheep treated for 14 days than in the short-term treatments (p < 0.05 for all). Administration of eCG after either short- or long-term treatments assured the occurrence of fertile ovulations in all the animals. Conversely, ovulatory success without eCG was found to be dependent on treatment length, with a high percentage of animals ovulating after five days of treatment (83.3%) and very low percentages after treatment for six or seven days (40% and 20%, respectively). Ovulation rate and progesterone secretion were similar among animals ovulating, but ovulation failures predetermined the fertility yields obtained in response to the treatments. Hence, the best results were found after treatment for 14 days plus eCG, and for 5 days without eCG (83.3 for both, p < 0.05 when compared to the other groups with different treatment lengths and with or without eCG).
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Ginther, O. J., M. O. Gastal, E. L. Gastal, J. C. Jacob i M. A. Beg. "Induction of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles in mares". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, nr 8 (2008): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd08136.

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A follicular wave and luteolysis were induced in mares by ablation of follicles ≥6 mm and treatment with prostaglandin F2α (PGF) on Day 10 (where ovulation = Day 0). The incidence of haemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAFs) in the induced waves (20%) was greater (P < 0.007) than in preceding spontaneous waves (2%). Hormone and follicle dynamics were compared between induced follicular waves that ended in ovulations (ovulating group; n = 36) v. HAFs (HAF group; n = 9). The day of the first ovulation or the beginning of HAF formation at the end of an induced wave was designated as post-treatment Day 0. The mean 13-day interval from Day 10 (PGF and ablation) to the post-treatment ovulation was normalised into Days 10 to 16, followed by Day –6 to Day 0 relative to the post-treatment ovulation. Concentrations of LH were greater (P < 0.05) in the HAF group than in the ovulating group on Days 10, 11, 12, 14, –3 and –2. The HAF group had greater (P < 0.003) LH concentrations on Day 10 of the preceding oestrous cycle with spontaneous ovulatory waves. The diameter of the largest follicle was less (P < 0.05) in the HAF group on most days between Day 13 and Day –1 and this was attributable to later (P < 0.002) emergence of the future largest follicle at 6 mm in the HAF group (Day 12.4 ± 0.5) than in the ovulating group (Day 11.3 ± 0.1). The results indicate that the high incidence of HAFs after PGF and ablation was associated with later follicle emergence and immediate and continuing greater LH concentration after PGF treatment, apparently augmented by an inherently high pretreatment LH concentration.
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Buranaamnuay, K., P. Tummaruk i M. Techakumphu. "15 INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION USING FROZEN - THAWED BOAR SEMEN IN SPONTANEOUS AND INDUCED OVULATING SOWS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, nr 1 (2010): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab15.

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Intrauterine insemination (IUI) using frozen-thawed (FT) boar semen has yet to be reported. The objective of the present study was therefore to evaluate the 24-day nonreturn rate (NR), farrowing rate (FR), number of total piglets born/litter (TB), and number of live born piglets/litter (BA) after IUI with FT boar semen in spontaneous and induced ovulating sows. Ejaculates collected from each of 6 boars [3 Landrace (L) and 3 Yorkshire (Y)] were cryopreserved separately and used to produce LY crossbred offspring. Each batch of qualifying FT semen (≥30% motility) was divided and used in both groups, to minimize an individual boar variation effect. Thawed semen containing 1 × 109 motile spermatozoa extended in 20 mL of Beltsville Thawing Solution extender was flushed into the uterine body (20 mm beyond the cervix) via IUI device (Deep goldenpig™ catheter, IMV Technologies, L’Aigle, France). Forty multiparous sows (20 L and 20 Y) with weaning to estrus interval of 3 to 7 days were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: spontaneously ovulating sows (10 L and 10 Y) and hCG-induced ovulating sows (10 L and 10 Y). The sows with spontaneous ovulation did not receive any treatment. The induced ovulating sows were given 750 IUhCG i.m. at detection of estrus. Ovulation was investigated every 12 h using transrectal ultrasonography. Time of ovulation was determined as 6 h before the first time when preovulatory follicles were not found. Insemination was conducted at 24 h after the detection of estrus and repeated every 12 h until ovulation took place in the spontaneous ovulation group and at 36, 42, and/or 48 h after hCG administration in the induced ovulation group. The statistical analyses were carried out using SAS software (version 9.0, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.). The interval from detection of estrus to ovulation (EOI), TB, and BA were compared between the groups using Student’s t-test; and NR and FR between groups were compared using chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results revealed that sow breed and sow breed interacted with group had no influence on any parameter assessed (P > 0.05). The average EOI differed significantly between spontaneous ovulation (40.2 h) and induced ovulation groups (35.6 h; P = 0.01). Moreover, variation of EOI among sows within each group seemed to be lower in the induce ovulation (4.5 h SD) than in spontaneous ovulation (5.5 h SD; P = 0.5). The number of inseminations per sow was 2.9 ± 0.6 (2 to 4 times) in spontaneously ovulating sows and was 2.4 ± 0.5 (2 to 3 times) in induced ovulating sows. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in the NR (80 v. 85%), FR (60 v. 65%), TB (8.0 ± 2.8 v. 9.4 ± 3.7 piglets/litter), and BA (7.8 ± 2.8 v. 8.7 ± 3.7 piglets/litter) between spontaneous and induced ovulating sows. In conclusion, IUI with a low number of FT boar spermatozoa provided fairly good NR and reasonable FR and TB in both spontaneous and induced ovulating sows. The number of inseminations required to attain acceptable fertility tended to be lower in the weaned sows with induced ovulation.
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Fogarty, NM, DG Hall i AR Gilmour. "Performance of crossbred progeny of Trangie Fertility Merino and Booroola Merino rams and Poll Dorset ewes. 2. Reproductive activity, liveweight and wool production of ewe lambs". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, nr 8 (1995): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9951075.

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Liveweight, wool production, oestrous expression and ovulation rates of 260 Trangie Fertility Merino x Dorset (TD) and 278 Booroola Merino x Dorset (BD) ewes born in late winter-spring over 4 different years were analysed from post-weaning to first joining at about 19 months of age. The percentage of ewes expressing oestrus reached a peak of 68% in May-June, declined to 7% in September and rose to 93% in January prior to first joining. The proportion of ewes ovulating followed a similar pattern. The proportion of ewes expressing oestrus in March, May and June increased (P<0.001) substantially with increasing age and liveweight, which accounted to some extent for the large differences in oestrous activity between years. There was little difference between the strains in proportion of ewes expressing oestrus or ovulating throughout the year. TD ewes were heavier (P<0.001) than BD ewes, the difference increasing from 2 to 4 kg at 7 and 19 months. They also produced 0.3 kg more clean wool which had 1.2 pm higher fibre diameter (P<0.001). Ovulation rate, measured in each of 2 years at 2-monthly intervals, increased from 7 to 19 months of age. BD ewes had a higher ovulation rate than TD ewes on all occasions, and the difference averaged +0.4 ovulations. The mean ovulation rate in February (19 months) for ewes born over 3 years was 2.1 ova for BD and 1.4 ova for TD ewes (P<0.001). Based on subsequent ovulation rate and litter size records, 42% of the BD ewes were identified as carriers of the FecB gene. Ages at first oestrus and ovulation varied considerably between years (P<0.001). There was no difference between the strains in age at first oestrus, although BD ewes first ovulated at a younger age (P<0.05) than TD ewes. The stud of origin of the dam, dam age, dam parity and birth type were not significant for any reproduction trait. There was significant (P<0.001) variation in liveweight due to the origin of the dam. Half-sib estimates of heritability for ewe liveweight, ovulation rate at various seasons and wool production traits were generally high with relatively high standard errors as they were based on 23-40 degrees of freedom for sire.
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Iglesias, R. M. Rodriguez, C. Giglioli, N. Latimori i H. Irazoqui. "Ovulation rate of Lincoln ewes at Bahia Blanca, Argentina". Animal Science 45, nr 3 (grudzień 1987): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100002944.

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ABSTRACTAn experiment was carried out at Bahia Blanca (38°44' S, 62°10' W) to estimate the seasonal variation in ovulation rate and its components shown by Lincoln ewes of constant live weight.Twenty-three 5-year-old ewes were subjected to nine 17-day observation periods which were evenly spaced within 405 days.Percentage of ewes showing oestrus and ovulation, incidence of multiple ovulations and ovulation rate were estimated for each period by using vasectomized rams and performing iaparoscopies.Traits showed a similar seasonality which was presumably induced by the natural light regime to which the ewes became exposed before and during each observation period.A significant and periodic relationship was found between each trait and the number of days elapsed from the longest day.The predicted maximum values for each parameter were reached about 40 days before the shortest day. Prior to and after this date both the percentage of ewes showing oestrus and ovulation and the incidence of multiple ovulations declined so that the expected ovulation rate values became zero for a period of about 3 months before the longest day.
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Ferreira-Silva, José Carlos, Pábola Santos Nascimento, Marcelo Tigre Moura, Sarah Romini Lima Basto, Marlon Vasconcelos Azevedo, Jorge Motta Rocha, José Pompeu Santos Filho i Marcos Antonio Lemos Oliveira. "Induction of Ovulation in Mangalarga Marchador Mares by hCG or GnRH". Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46, nr 1 (10.03.2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.86667.

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Background: Induction of ovulation is a key procedure for horse assisted reproduction technologies, such as for artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer. The application of hCG remains as the primary ovulation-inducing agent for horse assisted reproduction, but alternatives are in demand to avoid its adverse effects, such as loss of ovulation-inducing efficiency over multiple applications by hCC-antibody production. Despite reports on alternative ovulation-inducing agents, pair-wise comparisons of such agents under similar conditions have been limited. Under such scenario, the work was aimed to determine the efficiency of both hCG and Buserelin at inducing ovulation in Mangalarga Marchador mares raised in the Northeast of Brazil under an AI program.Materials, Methods & Results: Mares were initially selected based on their reproductive performance, the absence of clinical-reproductive alterations and adequate body condition score. Mares in diestrus were randomly distributed in three experimental conditions, received 5 mg of Dinoprost and were monitored daily for estrus detection. After estrus detection, ovaries were monitored by ultrasonography, in 12-h intervals, until the follicle reached 35 mm. At this time-point, ovulation was induced with 0.042 mg of Buserelin endovenously, with 3,000 IU hCG by an intramuscular shot, and control mares received 2 mL of saline solution, also by an intramuscular shot. Both hCG and Buserelin displayed similar efficiencies (P > 0.05) for induction of ovulation and that both agents were effective (P < 0.05) for such purpose, since greater percentages (P < 0.05) of induction on mares treated from those of the control. Moreover, the total number of ovulations in mares treated at the end of the experiment was not different (P > 0.05) from those found in the Control. All ovulations occurred within a 72-h period after treatment. It can be observed that in mares treated with hCG or Buserelin, ovulations occurred both in more mares (P < 0.05) and at earlier time-points than mares from the control. It is also possible to note that pregnancy was not different (P > 0.05) between hCG and Buserelin groups, and that pregnancy of mares treated with ovulation-inducing factors was similar to the control.Discussion: The majority of ovulations in mares occurred within initial 48-h after treatment for both hCG and GnRH, suggesting a similar potential for horse assisted reproduction. Both hCG and Buserelin are two commonly used agents for induction of ovulation in mares. As described here, the majority of ovulations occurred within initial 48-h after treatment, a fact which can be attributed to hCG and GnRH activity, since it can happen in intervals from 36 to 48-h after treatment. Pregnancy rates did not differ among groups. These results are under the working hypothesis that hCG and Buserelin would display similar efficiencies on pregnancy rates. Despite the understanding of hCG activity on induction of ovulation due to its high specificity toward LH receptors and results from a direct effect on diminishing estradiol concentration, increasing LH, and further inducing ovulation within 48-h after treatment. In contrast, Buserelin has a similar functional property but acts upon LH synthesis and its release. In conclusion, ovulation in mares can be induced with both hCG and Buserelin, and both ovulation-inducing agents do not affect pregnancy rates.
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Dawson, A., R. L. Pitt, S. J. Ward, M. J. Warren, N. D. Cameron i A. R. Peters. "The effect of mating sows in the early oestrus period on duration and timing of ovulation". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1997 (1997): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200595222.

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The duration of ovulation in pigs may contribute to embryo mortality, as later ovulated ova, which become the least mature embryos, are unable to contend with the changing uterine environment (Pope, 1992). The shorter ovulation of spontaneously ovulating sows, which were mated, compared to induced sows, which were not mated (Soede et al, 1992), suggested that the mating itself may reduce the length of ovulation. The current study determined the effect of mating in the early oestrus period on both the timing and duration in recendy weaned, spontaneously ovulating sows.
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Murtaza, A., M. I. R. Khan, W. Ahmad, T. Sohail, I. Mohsin, M. Shahzad, M. Hussain i M. Z. Tahir. "118 A retrospective analysis of follicular dynamics, LH, estradiol-17β, and progesterone in prostaglandin F2α-induced estrus of Beetal goats". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, nr 1 (2019): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv31n1ab118.

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The objective of the study was to reveal the factors associated with variable interval to ovulation following a single dose of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2) in Beetal goats. In experiment 1, the extent of ovulation time was demonstrated after synchronizing Beetal goats (n=38) by using a single injection of PGF2 based on corpus luteum detection by B-mode transrectal ultrasonography. Ovulations were detected every 6h from PGF2 until ovulation. To explore the changes in follicular dynamics, endocrine profiles and behavioural events due to the variation in the interval to ovulation, another set of goats (n=13; experiment 2) were synchronized by a single dose of PGF2 given at random days of the luteal phase. Follicular dynamics were monitored every 12h from PGF2 until ovulation and oestrus was detected by apronized bucks every 6h from PGF2 treatment. Blood sampling (3mL) for oestradiol-17β and progesterone was done every 12h from PGF2 until ovulation and every 2h for LH assay by radioimmunoassay. Data were analysed by Student’s t-test, general linear models, and Pearson coefficient correlation (SPSS, version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results revealed that ovulation time varied from 60 to 96h after PGF2, and 57% of ovulations occurred by 72h after PGF2 (experiment 1). Based on this observation, goats (n=13) in second experiment were retrospectively divided into early and late ovulators (i.e. 72 and 84h following PGF2, respectively). Onset of oestrus, peak oestradiol-17β concentration, and LH surge after PGF2 were first observed in early than late ovulators (P&lt;0.05). The goats having greater follicle diameter and smaller corpus luteum diameter at the time of PGF2 ovulated earlier than late ovulators (5.4±0.2v. 4.3±0.2mm and 10±0.6v. 11.8±0.3mm, respectively; P&lt;0.05). Likewise, plasma progesterone concentration tended to be lower (P=0.087) in early than late ovulators. However, interval from onset of oestrus to peak LH and ovulation, duration of standing oestrus, interval from LH peak to ovulation, diameter and growth rate of preovulatory follicles, and number of ovulations were similar (P&gt;0.05) between early and late ovulators. In conclusion, the size of dominant follicle and corpus luteum at the time of PGF2 determines the interval to ovulation following a single dose of PGF2 during the luteal phase.
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Hanrahan, J. P. "Divergent selection for ovulation rate in sheep : effect on embryo survival". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (marzec 1992): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600021681.

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The relative importance of genetic variation in ovulation rate and in embryo survival together with the genetic relationship between these traits are important issues in terms of manipulating prolificacy in all multitocous mammalian species. Evidence in sheep, primarily from study of breed differences but also based on results of selection for litter size, shows that genetic variation in litter size is essentially attributable to differences in ovulation rate although genetic differences in embryo survival have been identified. Results from selection on litter size also suggest that genetic variation in ovulation rate is independent of any variation in embryo survival. The evaluation of the relationship between these traits in sheep is somewhat problematical in most populations due to the low level of ovulation and particularly the associated high proportion of ewes which shed a single ovum. The objective of the present study was to use lines of Finn Sheep, a breed with a high ovulation rate and in which single ovulations are rare, which have been developed by divergent selection on ovulation rate to evaluate the genetic association between ovulation rate and embryo survival.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Ovulation"

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Cooper, A. C. "The endocrine control of ovulation and ovulation rate in the ewe". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383767.

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Moore, Kelly Renee. "Estrus induction and maintenance of cycles in gilts with PG-600 and boar exposure". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4937.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 31, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Sarmento, Sabrina Santamaria. "Untersuchungen zur verzögerten Ovulation beim Rind". Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-22610.

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Laborda, Vidal Patricia. "Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/14121.

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El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido estudiar la respuesta directa a la selección por tasa de ovulación en conejo y las respuestas correlacionadas en tamaño de camada y tasas de supervivencia. Los animales pertenecían a una línea de conejos seleccionada por tasa de ovulación durante 10 generaciones. La selección se realizó en base al valor fenotípico de la hembra, que se midió el día 12 de la segunda gestación mediante laparoscopia. Se creó una línea control a partir de la recuperación de aproximadamente 470 embriones de 50 hembras donantes de la generación base. Los embriones fueron vitrificados y almacenados en nitrógeno líquido hasta su transferencia al final del experimento de selección (generación 10 de la línea seleccionada). Se midieron los siguientes caracteres: tamaño de camada (LS), estimada como el número total de gazapos al parto en un máximo de 5 partos; tasa de ovulación (OR), estimada como el número de cuerpos lúteos en los dos ovarios; tasa de ovulación derecha y tasa de ovulación izquierda (ROR y LOR); el número de embriones implantados totales (IE), en el lado derecho (RIE) y en el lado izquierdo (LIE); la diferencia ovulatoria (OD), definida como la diferencia entre ROR y LOR, expresada en valor absoluto; la diferencia de implantación (ID), definida como la diferencia entre RIE y LIE, expresada en valor absoluto; la supervivencia embrionaria (ES), calculada como IE/OR; la supervivencia fetal (FS), calculada como LS/IE; la supervivencia prenatal (PS), calculada como LS/OR. Se utilizó metodología bayesiana para analizar los datos. Las estimas de las heredabilidades de OR, LS, ES, FS y PS fueron 0.16, 0.09, 0.09, 0.24 y 0.14, respectivamente. Las estimas de las correlaciones fenotípicas de OR con LS, ES, FS y PS fueron 0.09, -0.07, -0.26 and -0.28, respectivamente. Las estimas de las correlaciones genéticas de OR con LS y ES tuvieron una baja precisión, y no se pudo concretar su signo. Las estimas de las correlaciones genéticas de OR con FS y PS fueron negativas (probabilidad de ser negativa de 1.00 y 0.98, respectivamente). Las correlaciones fenotípicas y genéticas entre LS y las tasas de supervivencias fueron positivas (probabilidad de ser positivas de 1.00).
Laborda Vidal, P. (2011). Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14121
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Simpson, Gillian E. "Molecular mechanisms of ovulation and luteinisation". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23193.

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Both G and P exhibit anti-inflammatory characteristics in the uterus and since ovulation has been likened to an inflammatory reaction, it is my hypothesis that P and G work in synergy through genomic and nongenomic receptors to regulate ovulation. Therefore, RNase protection assays and in situ hybridisation were developed to examine spatio-temporal expression of genes believed to be crucial to P and G production, metabolism and reception in the rat ovary. Gonadotrophins were shown to up-regulate the expression of StAR, P450scc, 3bHSD and 11bHSD1 and down-regulate 11bHSD2 expression in whole rat ovary and in GC cultures. PR and mRNA was expressed transiently 6h after the LH surge whereas GR mRNA was expressed throughout the cycle. Therefore, genes that regulate the synthesis of P, the activation of G and both genomic receptors were developmentally regulated, being induced by gonadotrophins. In GC cultures, after priming with FSH to induce functional maturity, concurrent addition of the antiprogestin, RU486, inhibited the stimulatory effects of LH on 11bHSD1, StAR, P450scc and 3bHSD mRNA levels, 6h after treatment began. PR gene expression was unaltered. However, with 12h treatment, 11bHSD gene expression had increased and StAR, P450scc and 3bHSD mRNA levels were unchanged with RU486. The previously recognised ability of RU486 to halt ovulation and luteinisation may therefore be due to its effect on the expression of genes regulating P and G. However, nongenomic P action was not ruled out since P bound to a cytosolic protein which showed characteristics of NGPR identified in other species in both mature and immature ovaries. In summary, gonadotrophins act on ovarian GC to induce the expression of genes which aid in the synthesis and activation of P and G. These steroids may act locally through genomic or non-genomic receptors mediating events which lead to follicle rupture. The presence of P, G and their receptors in the ovary after ovulation suggests a role for these anti-inflammatory steroids in the corpus luteum, perhaps remodelling the ruptured ovarian surface.
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Fang, Paul Maximilian. "The effects of superovulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin in uteri, vaginae and serum steroid levels of immature rats". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27877.

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Superovulatory treatment with exogenous gonadotrophins adversely affects the uterus through the disruption of the delicate balance of ovarian steroid (estrogens, progestins, androgens) secretion rates. To examine the uterine effects of this treatment, 189 animals were given 4, 20 or 40 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) at 28 days of age and sacrificed every 24 h until day 10 (D10) post injection. To study the long term uterine effects, 12 rats were treated with 4 or 40 IU PMSG and killed on D30. The morphological and histological changes of control (4 IU) uteri mimicked those of the adult on a comparable time course from D2 to D5. Administration of superovulatory doses (2 0, 4 0 IU) of PMSG produced stromal hypertrophy by D2 and focal papillary hyperplasia of the luminal epithelia by D3. It is suggested that previous exposure to high levels of estrogen and androgens, secondary to superovulation, are possible causes for this pathology. Levels of 17B-estradiol following 2 0 and 40 IU PMSG treatment were significantly (p<0.005, p<0.05) elevated above those of controls from DI to early D3 and at D2, respectively. Androgen levels of both groups (20 IU, 40 IU) significantly (p<0.05, p<0.005) increased from baseline at DI to maxima by D2 and D3, respectively. In the 20 IU PMSG group, the hyperplasia gradually regressed after D3 and was absent by D10. The hyperplasia in the 40 IU PMSG group, however, had diffused by D6. It is suspected that preceding elevated levels of estrogen may be responsible for this progressive change. At D4, levels of 17B-estradiol reached a maximum, which was significantly (p<0.001) greater than those of controls and 20 IU PMSG treated rats. Between D6 and D10, the hyperplasia partially regressed. Examination of uteri from D30 revealed no evidence of pathology. In addition to these structural effects, superovulation induced secretion of a mucinous substance in both 20 IU and 40 IU PMSG groups at D5-D6 and D6-D7, respectively. These results suggest that abnormal changes in the uterine histology and metabolism may result following administration of superovulatory doses of PMSG. Although these dose-dependent alterations appear reversible, they may interfere with preparations associated with implantation and thus require further investigation.
Medicine, Faculty of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of
Graduate
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Kim, Jong G. "Cytokines and Ovulation in the Mouse Ovary". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1994. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2711.

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Ovulation has been hypothesized as an inflammatory process. Interleukin(IL)-1$\alpha$, IL-1$\beta$ and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-$\alpha$ are potent cytokines produced from macrophages and various other cell types, and are pivotal components of inflammation. Although previous studies have investigated cytokine activities in the reproductive system, there is little information on their precise localization and activities during the periovulatory period. To investigate the role of cytokines in ovulation, experiments were designed to determine the immunohistochemical localization and time specific production of cytokines IL-1 and TNF-$\alpha$ using a mouse model at 36h, 12h, 6h, 2h before ovulation, and at 6h and 18h after ovulation in vivo. Isolated individual follicles in vitro were used to determine more precise roles of cytokines on follicular development, ovulation and steroidogenesis. From these studies it was found that (1) granulosa cells were the primary sites of IL-1$\alpha$ and TNF-$\alpha$ production from large antral follicles and preovulatory follicles in vivo, (2) production of IL-1$\alpha$ and TNF-$\alpha$ increased as ovulation neared, first appearing in the cumulus cells and expanding to antral and mural granulosa cells, (3) less intense staining of these cytokines in the theca layer of smaller follicles suggests that theca cells may contribute to the production of these cytokines to some extent, (4) but there was no IL-1$\beta$ production, (5) localized and temporal production of cytokines during the periovulatory period suggests precise regulation, (6) decrease of IL-1$\alpha$ in the ovary after gonadotropin injection determined by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay suggests that IL-1$\alpha$ production may be under the control of gonadotropins, (7) in follicle culture without bone marrow derived cells, granulosa cells were confirmed as the main source of cytokine production, (8) addition of IL-1$\alpha$ and TNF-$\alpha$ to follicles in culture tend to decrease estradiol production. In conclusion, immunoreactive cytokine production correlated positively with the periovulatory follicular development suggesting their role as ovulatory mediators. It requires further studies on what are the signals for the initiation and termination of cytokine production, how transcription and translation of these cytokines are regulated during the periovulatory period, and how they contribute to the ovulation.
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Dhar, Anita. "Morphometric studies on the human ovarian granulosa cell". Thesis, [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13829889.

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Castel-Anduze, Anne. "Dépistage du déficit en 21 hydroxylase dans les anomalies de l'ovulation". Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11041.

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Wely, Madelon van. "Treatment regimens in ovulation induction and ovarian hyperstimulation". [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/77513.

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Książki na temat "Ovulation"

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Adashi, Eli Y., red. Ovulation. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2.

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Collins, Robert L., red. Ovulation Induction. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3026-7.

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Cohlen, Ben J. Ovulation Induction. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017. | Series: Reproductive: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315381459.

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L, Collins Robert, red. Ovulation induction. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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B, Tarlatzis, i Baird D, red. Ovulation induction. Paris: Elsevier, 2002.

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M, Seibel Machelle, i Blackwell Richard E, red. Ovulation induction. New York: Raven Press, 1994.

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G, Crosignani P., red. Induction of ovulation. London: Baillière, 1990.

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Emperaire, Jean-Claude. Ovulation Stimulation with Gonadotropins. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18654-2.

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Evers, J. L. H. 1949-, red. Ovulation induction: The difficult patient. London: Baillière Tindall, 1993.

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World Conference on Ovulation Induction (2nd 1997 Bologna, Italy). Ovulation induction: Update '98 : the proceedings of the 2nd World Conference on Ovulation Induction, Bologna, Italy, 12-13 September 1997. New York: Parthenon Pub. Group, 1998.

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Części książek na temat "Ovulation"

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Espey, Lawrence L. "An Overview of 37 Years of Research on Ovulation". W Ovulation, 1–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_1.

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Robker, Rebecca L., i JoAnne S. Richards. "Progesterone: Lessons from the Progesterone Receptor Knockout". W Ovulation, 121–29. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_10.

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Stouffer, Richard L., Diane M. Duffy, Timothy M. Hazzard, Theodore A. Molskness, Mary B. Zelinski-Wooten i Charles L. Chaffin. "Intraovarian Control of Ovulation: Lessons from Steroid Ablation/Replacement in Monkeys". W Ovulation, 130–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_11.

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Peterson, C. Matthew, Masato M. Mikuni i Mats Bränström. "The Ovarian Renin Angiotensin System Viewed Through Ovarian Perfusion". W Ovulation, 141–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_12.

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Fortune, Joann E., Carolyn M. Komar, Joel S. Tabb i Anne K. Voss. "Ovarian Oxytocin: Periovulatory Production and Effects". W Ovulation, 154–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_13.

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Dissen, Gregory A., Artur Mayerhofer i Sergio R. Ojeda. "Neurotrophins and the Ovulatory Process: A Role for NGF and trkA?" W Ovulation, 167–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_14.

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Wiegand, Stanley J., Patricia Boland i George D. Yancopoulos. "Cooperative Roles for the Angiopoietins and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Ovarian Angiogenesis". W Ovulation, 175–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_15.

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Zackrisson, Ulf J., Masato M. Mikuni i Mats Brännström. "Visualization of the Periovulatory Follicle: Morphological and Vascular Events". W Ovulation, 187–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_16.

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Findlay, Jock K., Ann E. Drummond, Anna J. Baillie, Mitzilee Dyson, Anita Dhar, Kara J. Allen, Kara L. Britt, Victoria A. Cox, Margaret E. E. Jones i Evan R. Simpson. "Inhibins, Activins, and Estrogens: Roles in the Ovulatory Sequence". W Ovulation, 197–207. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_17.

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Sirois, Jean, Jianmin Liu, Derek Boerboom i Martine Antaya. "Prostaglandins and Ovulation: From Indomethacin to PGHS-2 Knockout". W Ovulation, 208–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21508-2_18.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Ovulation"

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Brown, Thomas. "Ovulation". W ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Computer Animation Fesitval. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1836623.1836679.

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Azaria, Amos, i Seagal Azaria. "Semi-Supervised Ovulation Detection Based on Multiple Properties". W 2019 IEEE 31st International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai.2019.00039.

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Enenbach, Molly, Matthias Kochmann, Cassandra Haworth i Camille Hawkins. "“When Am I Fertile?”: A Pilot Study Comparing Ovulation Prediction Accuracy of Menstrual Tracking Apps Versus LH Home Ovulation Kits". W AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.26.

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Gai, Zhendi, Jiayang Ding, Chundong Ma, Ming Feng, Lei Guo i Haimo Bao. "The Design and Application of Household Ovulation Monitoring System". W 3rd Eurasian Conference on Educational Innovation 2020 (ECEI 2020). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811228001_0183.

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Yang-Hartwich, Yang. "Abstract AS16: Ovulation and extraovarian origin of ovarian cancer". W Abstracts: 10th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; September 8-9, 2014; Seattle, WA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.ovcasymp14-as16.

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Sridhar, M., J. Barney i W. Hurd. "Impact of Ovulation Induction in a Patient With Lymphangioleiomyomatosis". W American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a6338.

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Hamáčková, Jitka, Jan Kouřil, Tomislav Barth, Andrea Lepičová, Pavel Kozák i Pavel Lepič. "Induction of ovulation in rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) using hormone preparations". W VIIth Conference Biologically Active Peptides. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css200104087.

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MOTTRAM, TOBY, JOHN HART i ROY PEMBERTON. "A SENSOR BASED AUTOMATIC OVULATION PREDICTION SYSTEM FOR DAIRY COWS". W Proceedings of the 5th Italian Conference — Extended to Mediterranean Countries. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812792013_0007.

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Hayder HAMAD, Mohammed, Marwa Fadhil ALSAFFAR, Mazin Eidan HADI i Ismael l. AJAM. "A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF OVULATION RATE AND FERTILITY BY SOME ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF PROPOLIS ON OVARIAN TISSUE AND OVIDUCT IN QUAIL". W VI.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress6-36.

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Objective: This research was carried out in quail in a special place of the laboratory of histopathological diseases in the period 6/9/2018 until 23/11/2018, this study to detect effect of the addition of the alcohol extract of For Propolis Ovulation and fertility rate of the ovary and oviduct tissue in quail Method: Eight groups and repetitions for each group. Groups were homogenous in weights and placed in 13 cages. Each group consists of 10 rats with 5 prices each. In the first treatment, quails were fed on regular feed without supplementation and quails were fed in the second treatment sessions add to it the alcoholic extract For Propolis in an amount of 200mg/kg. The third group is the same as normal food after adding For Propolis alcohol extract at a concentration of 400 mg/kg. Results: The results of the histological study showed that feeding the quail on the standard ration added to it the alcoholic extract For Propolis at a concentration of 400 mg/ a physiological reproductive activity and an increase in the percentage of ovulation than the normal limit and an increase in the fertility rate without the appearance of unpleasant side effects or pathological or macroscopic or histological changes, as feeding the birds The alcoholic extract For Propolis led to the growth and increase of the ciliated and ciliated epithelial layer cells in their numbers and shapes in the oviduct, despite the rapid growth and rapid ovulation, unless there was no change in the shape of the egg or a change in its components
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Yu, Hsin-Yi, Kelvin Yi-Tse Lai, Hsie-Chia Chang i Chen-Yi Lee. "A multi-axis readout circuit using in female ovulation monitoring platform". W 2016 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test (VLSI-DAT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2016.7482544.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Ovulation"

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Montserrat Ayala-Ramirez, Montserrat Ayala-Ramirez. Understanding the perspective of women who use the Billings Ovulation Method. Experiment, kwiecień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/13446.

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Wolfenson, David, William W. Thatcher i James E. Kinder. Regulation of LH Secretion in the Periovulatory Period as a Strategy to Enhance Ovarian Function and Fertility in Dairy and Beef Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, grudzień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586458.bard.

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The general research objective was to increase herd pregnancy rates by enhancing corpus luteum (CL) function and optimizing follicle development, in order to increase conception rate and embryo survival. The specific objectives were: to determine the effect of the duration of the preovulatory LH surge on CL function; to determine the function of LH during the postovulatory period on CL development; to optimize CL differentiation and follicle development by means of a biodegradable GnRH implant; to test whether optimization of CL development and follicle dynamics in timed- insemination protocols would improve fertility in high-yielding dairy cows. Low fertility in cattle results in losses of hundreds of millions of dollars in the USA and Israel. Two major causes of low fertility are formation of a functionally impaired CL, and subsequent enhanced ovarian follicle development. A functionally impaired CL may result from suboptimal LH secretion. The two major causes of low fertility in dairy cattle in US and Israel are negative energy status and summer heat stress; in both situations, low fertility is associated with reductions in LH secretion and impaired development of the ovulatory follicle and of the CL. In Florida, the use of 450-mg deslorelin (GnRH analogue) implants to induce ovulation, under the Ovsynch protocol resulted in a higher pregnancy rates than use of 750-mg implants, and pregnancy losses tended to decrease compared to controls, due probably to decrease in follicular development and estradiol secretion at the time of conceptus signaling to maintain the CL. An alternative strategy to enhance progesterone concentrations involved induction of an accessory CL by injection of hCG on day 5 after the cows were inseminated. Treatment with hCG resulted in 86% of the cows having two CLs, compared with 23% of the control cows. Conception rates were higher among the hCG-treated cows than among the controls. Another approach was to replace the second injection of GnRH analogue, in a timed-insemination protocol, with estradiol cypionate (ECP) injected 24 h after the injection of PGF₂ₐ Pregnancy rates were comparable with those obtained under the regular Ovsynch (timed- AI) program. Use of ECP induced estrus, and cows inseminated at detected estrus are indeed more fertile than those not in estrus at the time of insemination. Collectively, the BARD-supported programs at the University of Florida have improved timed insemination programs. In Ohio, the importance of the frequency of LH episodes during the early stages of the estrous cycle of cattle, when the corpus luteum is developing, was studied in an in vivo experiment in which cows were subjected to various episodic exposures to exogenous bovine LH. Results indicate that the frequent LH episodes immediately following the time of ovulation are important in development of the corpus luteum, from the points of view of both size and functionality. In another study, rates of cell proliferation and numbers of endothelial cells were examined in vitro in CLs collected from cows that received post-ovulation pulsatile LH treatment at various frequencies. The results indicate that the corpora lutea growth that results from luteal cell proliferation is enhanced by the episodes of LH release that occur immediately after the time of ovulation in cattle. The results also show that luteal endothelial cell numbers did not differ among cows treated with different LH doses. In Israel. a longer duration of the preovulatory LH surge stimulated the steroidogenic capacity of granulosa-derived luteal cells, and might, thereby, contribute to a higher progesterone output from the bovine corpus luteum. In an in vivo study, a subgroup of high-yielding dairy cows with extended estrus to ovulation interval was identified. Associated with this extended interval were: low plasma progesterone and estradiol concentrations and a low preovulatory LH surge prior to ovulation, as well as low post- ovulation progesterone concentration. In experiments based on the above results, we found that injection of GnRH at the onset of estrus increased the LHpeak, prevented late ovulation, decreased the variability between cows and elicited high and uniform progesterone levels after ovulation. GnRH at estrus onset increased conception rates, especially in the summer, and among primiparous cows and those with low body condition. Another study compared ovarian functions in multiparous lactating cows with those in nulliparous non-lactating heifers. The results revealed differences in ovarian follicular dynamics, and in plasma concentrations of steroids and gonadotropins that may account for the differences in fertility between heifers and cows.
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Benton, Jennifer, Peggy A. Miller-Auwerda, Curtis R. Youngs i Lawrence E. Evans. Induction of Ovulation and LH Response in Cyclic Mares Treated with Gonadorelin Diacetate Tetrahydrate. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-667.

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Butler, Walter R., Uzi Moallem, Amichai Arieli, Robert O. Gilbert i David Sklan. Peripartum dietary supplementation to enhance fertility in high yielding dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, kwiecień 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587723.bard.

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Objectives of the project: To evaluate the effects of a glucogenic supplement during the peripartum transition period on insulin, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, and progesterone profile in dairy cows. To compare benefits of supplemental fats differing in fatty acid composition and fed prepartum on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, progesterone profile, and uterine prostaglandin production in lactating dairy cows. To assess the differential and carry-over effects of glucogenic and fat supplements fed to peripartum dairy cows on steroidogenesis and fatty acids in ovarian follicles. To determine the carry-over effects of peripartum glucogenic or fat supplements on fertility in high producing dairy cows (modified in year 3 to Israel only). Added during year 3 of project: To assess the activity of genes related to hepatic lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis following dietary supplementation (USA only). Background: High milk yields in dairy cattle are generally associated with poor reproductive performance. Low fertility results from negative energy balance (NEBAL) of early lactation that delays resumption of ovarian cycles and exerts other carryover effects. During NEBAL, ovulation of ovarian follicles is compromised by low availability of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but fatty acid mobilization from body stores is augmented. Liver function during NEBAL is linked to the resumption of ovulation and fertility: 1) Accumulation of fatty acids by the liver and ketone production are associated with delayed first ovulation; 2) The liver is the main source of IGF-I. NEBAL will continue as a consequence of high milk yield, but dietary supplements are currently available to circumvent the effects on liver function. For this project, supplementation was begun prepartum prior to NEBAL in an effort to reduce detrimental effects on liver and ovarian function. Fats either high or low in unsaturated fatty acids were compared for their ability to reduce liver triglyceride accumulation. Secondarily, feeding specific fats during a period of high lipid turnover caused by NEBAL provides a novel approach for manipulating phospholipid pools in tissues including ovary and uterus. Increased insulin from propylene glycol (glucogenic) was anticipated to reduce lipolysis and increase IGF-I. The same supplements were utilized in both the USA and Israel, to compare effects across different diets and environments. Conclusions: High milk production and very good postpartum health was achieved by dietary supplementation. Peripartum PGLY supplementation had no significant effects on reproductive variables. Prepartum fat supplementation either did not improve metabolic profile and ovarian and uterine responses in early lactation (USA) or decreased intake when added to dry cow diets (Israel). Steroid production in ovarian follicles was greater in lactating dairy cows receiving supplemental fat (unsaturated), although in a field trail fertility to insemination was not improved.
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Chen, Yuqi. Efficacy of acupuncture treatment for ovulatory disorder infertility A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, kwiecień 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0088.

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Review question / Objective: Efficacy of Acupuncture for ovulatory disorder infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials. Condition being studied: Those who do not have contraception after marriage, have a normal sexual life, and cohabitation for 1 year without pregnancy are called infertility, and those who have no history of pregnancy are called primary infertility. Those with a history of previous pregnancy are called secondary infertility. Infertility is a global reproductive health problem that affects about 10% of married women. Ovulatory infertility ranked second only to fallopian tube abnormalities in the proportion of all infertility, accounting for 25%-30%. Ovulation induction drugs are commonly used in western medicine, but long-term use often causes side effects such as follicular hyperstimulation. Modern clinical studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture have good effects on follicle development and ovulation induction, with few side effects. This article systematically reviews the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of ovulatory infertility by searching the clinical research literature and conducting Meta-analysis, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical decision-making.
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Díaz, Julia A. Calderón, Jeffrey L. Vallet, Clay Lents, Danny Nonneman, Jeremy Miles, Elaine Wright, Lea Rempel i in. Optimal Dietary Energy and Protein for Gilt Development: Age at Puberty, Ovulation Rate, and Reproductive Tract Traits. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1338.

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Youngs, Curtis R., Shelby L. Pattern, Cassie D. Krebill, Kacey L. Klemesrud, Zach A. Thompson, Benjamin J. Duran i Jessica R. Juarez. Preliminary Evaluation of Administration Site of TwoManufacturer’s Reproductive Hormones on Induction of Ovulation in Postpartum Dairy Cows. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-400.

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Grussing, Taylor, Allison Meyer, George Perry i Patrick J. Gunn. Relationship between Plasma Amino Acid Profile and Ovarian Function around the Time of Ovulation in Beef Cows. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, styczeń 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-560.

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Grussing, Taylor, Allison Meyer, George Perry i Patrick J. Gunn. Relationship between Plasma Amino Acid Profile and Ovarian Function around the Time of Ovulation in Beef Cows. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2100.

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Bermudez, Omar. Computer-based parameter visualization and decision making for the detection and prediction of ovulation : the ovulo-computer. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6063.

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Do bibliografii