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Velescu, Elena. "La représentation des catastrophes naturelles en littérature et peinture dans l’espace culturel franco-allemand entre la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle et le début du XIXe siècle". Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4048.
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Ce travail vise à rendre compte des relations créées entre les événements naturels de forte intensité et dont les conséquences destructrices les ont fait nommer catastrophes naturelles, en partant du fameux tremblement de terre de Lisbonne, en 1755 jusqu’au milieu du XIXe siècle, avec l’avènement des nouvelles techniques et sciences, ce qui a engendré un nouveau rapport entre l’homme et la Nature. Ce changement de la représentation de la catastrophe en littérature, mais aussi dans la peinture s’appuie sur des mutations culturelles dans le plan religieux, scientifique et esthétique, dont les traces évidentes nous avons essayé d’expliciter dans ce travail. L’enjeu de cette thèse est d’analyser les métamorphoses du discours écrit et visuel de la période mentionnée, et d’attirer l’attention sur le passage entre l’horreur suscitée par un événement catastrophique et la dimension sensorielle et la fascination provoquée par le spectacle des phénomènes naturels. Toutefois, nous avons recherché le symbolisme des motifs attachés aux grands mythes de l’humanité, tels le Déluge, le thème de transgression-punition-rédemption inscrit dans la catastrophe, qui se transforme dans un nouveau concept, un objet d’analyse, de réflexion et de contemplation, qui nous incite à voir différemmentThis research aims to report on the relationships created among natural events of high intensity which can be categorized as natural disasters due to their destructive consequences starting with the famous earthquake of Lisbon in 1755 until the mid-nineteenth century, the advent of new technology and science, which created a new relationship between man and nature. This change in catastrophe representation in literature but also in the painting is based on religious, scientific and aestethetic changes, the key elements that we explored in this work. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the metamorphoses of writing and visual discourse of the above-mentioned period and draw attention to the transition from horror triggered by a catastrophic event to a sensory dimension and fascination caused by the spectacle of natural phenomena. We also examined the symbolism of the motifs attached to the great myths of humanity, such as the Flood, the theme of transgression-punishment-redemption part of the disaster, which generates into a new concept, an object of analysis, reflection and contemplation, which inspires us to see the catastrophic events differently
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Maraun, Timothy Fritz. "Tension in 18th century Chinese painting". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31841.
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In Western scholarship, eighteenth century Chinese paintings have consistently been seen as playful, eccentric, and odd. This characterization has been based on the formal qualities of some of the paintings. At the same time, Chinese scholars have written of the scholarly virtues and ambitions of the painters producing the works. The contradiction between these two interpretations is in part consistent with the Western and Chinese approaches generally. But it also stems from the mixed signals and information generated in the eighteenth century. The nature of painting, not just formally, but socially has yet to be explained in a way which takes into account some actual historical contradictions of the eighteenth century.
In order to explain these historical tensions, I combine a biographical (Chinese) approach with a contextual approach (Western) in a study of two different scholar painters, Zheng Xie and Li Shan. I juxtapose biographical sources with artworks, and less official writings relating Zheng Xie and Li Shan, in order to describe the tensions involved in painting for the literatus within the merchant culture of Yangzhou.
These tensions existed between the literatus' expected status and that granted him, between his ideal of the role of painting in the scholar's life and the implications of commercial painting, and between his emphasis upon poetry
and his popularity as a painter. In all cases, the tensions in eighteenth century literati painting arise from the difficult relationship between the painter and patron, and between the painter and the ideas of a broader public. The lack of a clear definition of "scholar" and "scholar painting" amongst literati illustrates the literatus' loss of control over the definition of his lifestyle.Arts, Faculty of
Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of
Graduate
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Carvalho, Anaïs. "La réception allemande de la théorie de l’art de Roger de Piles au XVIIIe siècle". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30027.
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L’étude vise à dresser l’histoire de la réception de la théorie de l’art de Roger de Piles (1635-1709) dans l’espace germanophone au XVIIIe siècle. Accédant rapidement au statut de canons de la littérature artistique, les écrits de De Piles sont accueillis différemment selon les foyers politiques et culturels, selon les systèmes de diffusion et selon les acteurs de leur réception. La traduction de théories de l’art venant de l’étranger s’avère être, tout au long du XVIIIe siècle, un facteur fondamental dans la construction des théories allemandes de l’art de peindre. Entre 1699 et 1776, quatre ouvrages de, ou attribués à, l’auteur français sont publiés en langue allemande d’abord à Berlin, Hambourg puis Leipzig, par le peintre Samuel Theodor Gericke (1665-1729) et les amateurs Paul Jacob Marperger (1656-1730) et Georg Heinrich Martini (1722-1794). Certains sont réédités plusieurs fois ou retraduits hors des frontières du Saint Empire romain germanique, par Johann Dauw (1679-1723) et Tobias Querfurt (actif de 1732 à 1792). La réception allemande de la théorie du coloris de De Piles s’opère majoritairement en associations avec d’autres auteurs (Sandrart, Félibien, Lairesse, Testelin). Le processus d’assimilation du vocabulaire fixé par De Piles illustre l’évolution générale de la réception allemande de sa théorie. L’imprégnation des concepts depilesiens oscille entre fidélité, détournement et acculturation, dans une époque marquée par une recherche de corrélation entre théorie, pratique et goût de la peinture. Finalement, la position coloriste teintée d’éclectisme esquissée par De Piles s’épanouit dans le syncrétisme théorique et pratique de sa réception allemandeThe study aims to draw the history of the reception of Roger de Piles’ (1635-1709) theory, in the German area during the 18th century. Rapidly considered as a benchmark of artistic literature, De Piles’ writings are received differently according to political and cultural contexts, to dissemination system and to players of their reception. The translation of art theories coming from abroad happens to be, throughout the whole 18th century, a crucial factor in the construction of German theories of painting. Between 1699 and 1776, four books of, or attributed to, the French author are published in German, first in Berlin and Hamburg, then in Leipzig, by the painter Samuel Theodor Gericke (1665-1729) and by the connoisseurs Paul Jacob Marperger (1656-1730) and Georg Heinrich Martini (1722-1794). Some are republished several times or retranslated outside the borders of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation by Johann Dauw (1679-1723) and Tobias Querfurt (working from 1732 to 1792). The German reception of Roger de Piles’ theory of colouring occurs mainly in association with others authors (Sandrart, Félibien, Lairesse, Testelin). The assimilation process of the vocabulary established by De Piles illustrates the general evolution of the German reception of his theory. The impregnation of de Piles’ concepts fluctuates between fidelity, embezzlement and acculturation, in a period marked by a search of correlation between theory, practice and taste for painting. Eventually, the colourist position tinged with eclecticism sketched by de Piles prospers in the theoretical and practical syncretism of his German reception
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Yarker, Jonathan Alexander. "Copies and copying in eighteenth-century Britain". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708785.
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Dorkin, Molly Karen. "'Let nature never be forgot' : plein-air landscape sketching by British artists in Italy, c. 1750-1800". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708169.
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Lee, Sai-chong Jack, i 李世莊. "China trade painting: 1750s to 1880s". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015442.
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Martin, Nicholas. "Untimely aesthetics : a critical comparison of Schiller's Ästhetische Briefe and Nietzsche's Die Geburt der Tragödie". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28d4a61e-c4a5-45f6-a6c7-8f17052c47a6.
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The thesis is two-fold. First, that Nietzsche's early writings owe more to Schiller than he subsequently wished to admit. This is demonstrated by evidence from Die Geburt der Tragödie and the Nachlass notes of the same period. Second, that there are tangible parallels of content and intent between Schiller's Ästhetische Briefe and Nietzsche's Die Geburt der Tragödie. The thesis is not an 'influence study', although the issue is addressed. By examining his hitherto neglected attitude to Schiller, this study sheds light on Nietzsche's tactics when dealing with men and their ideas in his writings. This, however, is not the main point of the thesis, which is to analyse the connections between the two texts. The essential point of comparison is that Die Geburt der Tragödie and the Ästhetische Briefe both set out aesthetic prescriptions for a diseased culture. Certain kinds of art are deemed capable, by virtue of their timeless and incorruptible properties, of reforming the human psyche, and by extension of promoting cultural integrity and vitality. After analysing Nietzsche's attitude to Schiller, particularly in connection with the argument of Die Geburt der Tragödie, the thesis compares the strategies adopted in the two texts: both present triadic schemes of historical development, in which the Greek experience is regarded as crucial; their aesthetic 'reform programmes' are predicated on psycho-metaphysical pictures of human nature; and both texts reject attempts to cure human ills by political means. The thesis is an attempt to articulate, compare, and criticise the respective projects and to see in what sense(s) they were untimely. Both projects were untimely, in the sense that they were deliberately out of step with their times. In each case, the alleged remedial properties of art themselves are characterised as untimely. They are borrowed from another time, or are said to be out of time altogether. The thesis concludes that the two texts, although outstanding contributions to aesthetic theory, were inappropriate (untimely) attempts to tackle larger problems.
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Lees, James Christopher. "Clemens Wenzeslaus, German Catholicism, and the French Revolution, 1768-1792". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608113.
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Jang, Laurie. "Music's debt : a study of poetic influence in mid-eighteenth century German instrumental music". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28075.
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The aim of this study is to examine the correspondences of style, technique and aesthetic in poetry and music as it pertains to the musical thought and works of composers centered in Berlin 1740-1760. With the trend toward rational enquiry, the re-affirmation of the Aristotelian theory of imitation, and a return to the ideal of a union of the arts, 18th-century theorists and composers were once again preoccupied with the consanguinity of the "sister" arts of poetry and music. In particular, analogies were made between their materials of expression and the methods by which they achieved their ultimate goal of the imitation of human passions. The "problem" of textless music--i.e., its lack of semantic content--became a primary issue for aesthetic discussion and led to a re-evaluation of music's intrinsic qualities as a medium of expression.
Berlin composers working in mid-century were especially susceptible to such aesthetic developments. Led by writer/critics Lessing, Nicolai, and Mendelssohn, a unique literary renaissance characterizing the city was generating wide-spread critical debate on matters concerning the significance and meaning of art. Two major points of discussion among the literati were 1) that since classical times the arts of poetry and music had strayed too far apart, and 2) that music especially needed the support and cognitive power of a poetic text to remain a viable artistic medium. The consequences of these ideas on Berlin composers is immediately apparent in the development of the lied. In this new musical genre which achieved great popularity in Berlin, expression through text and music were considered synonymous as composers worked to close the gap between the two in their technique and methodry. However, the impact of these aesthetic beliefs is not as easily discernible in the instrumental music of mid-eighteenth century Berlin. While it was undisputed that musical tones in themselves contained some indeterminate expressive force, the rationalists' demand for concrete meaning in art led composers to develop and assess their music in terms of poetic criteria. An analysis of their works will illustrate that poetic structure, technique, and materials of expression assumed a primary role in the creation of their art. This study hopes to clarify the relationship between poetry and music through an examination of mid-eighteenth century Berlin's lied aesthetic, and selected instrumental works by J.J. Quantz and C.P.E. Bach composed in Berlin during this period.Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate
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Torres, Anita Jacinta. "The Flora and Fauna in Eighteenth-Century Colonial Mexican Casta Paintings". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5210/.
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The primary objective of this thesis is to identify patterns of appearance among the flora and fauna of selected eighteenth-century New Spanish casta paintings. The objectives of the thesis are to determine what types of flora and fauna are present within selected casta paintings, whether the flora and fauna's provenance is Spanish or Mexican and whether there are any potential associations of particular flora and fauna with the races being depicted in the same composition. I focus my flora and fauna research on three sets of casta paintings produced between 1750 and 1800: Miguel Cabrera's 1763 series, José Joaquín Magón's 1770 casta paintings, and Andrés de Islas' 1774 sequence. Although the paintings fall into the same genre and within a period of a little over a decade, they nevertheless offer different visions of New Spain's natural bounty and include objects designed to satisfy Europe's interest in the exotic.
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Brashear, Cherise Lukacs. "The Representation of Games in 18th-Century Rococo Painting: Differences in the Discourse Between Children and Adults". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578954.
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This essay explores the significance of depicting children's games in 18th-century Rococo painting and the differences in intended meanings when applied to children versus adults. More specifically, the focus of my research is on the use of these games to exhibit moral lessons among adolescents and expose the connotations of fickleness, courtship, and eroticism when directed at aristocratic adults. The specific images that will be included in my discussion are Jean-Honoré Fragonard's Happy Hazards of the Swing (1767) and Blind Man's Bluff (c.a. 1750-1752), Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin's Soap Bubbles (1733-34) and The Young Schoolmistress (ca. 1735-36), Jacques-Phillipe Le Bas's Blind Man's Buff (1737), and Nicolas Lancret's Blind Man's Bluff (c. 1728). I will also discuss the relevance of these paintings within their time period and the cultural politics of the eighteenth-century that would have had an impact on the development and interpretation of these images.
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Strauss, Jutta. "Aaron Halls-Wolfssohn : a trilingual life; an exemplary life for the interplay of Hebrew, German and Yiddish among 18th century German Jewry". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260530.
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Geissler, Christopher Michael. "'Die schwarze Ware' : transatlantic slavery and abolitionism in German writing, 1789-1871". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610465.
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Polak, Victoria. "Religious and moral concepts in the eighteenth-century German novel of sensibility : from Christian Fürchtegott Gellert's 'Leben der schwedischen Gräfin von G+' to the end of the 1770s". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13391.
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In my introduction I analyse the state of research in my subject. No detailed study of the subject has been conducted in recent years, hence there exists no work which takes account of recent conclusions in the examination of Sensibility in its entirety. I, therefore, consider it important to trace the origins of a movement in European culture. I draw attention to possible influences from philosophy and psychology which have tended to be neglected in favour of too exclusive emphasis on Empfindsamkeit as secularised Pietism. The main part of my thesis is devoted to detailed interpretation of five novels covering a period 1747 to 1776. This study yields various conclusions. In the novel as a genre, as in theoretical works on Empfindsamkeit, there is no polarity between the Enlightenment and Sensibility. Each of the novelists analysed is concerned to proclaim the necessity of achieving a balance between reason and emotion. In the novels of Gellert and La Roche this is explicitly stated in the form of moral instruction to the reader, while the fate of the heroes of Goethe and Miller perhaps suggests indirectly that such an equilibrium might be desirable. In particular the earlier authors I study equate moderation in feeling with virtue. Here these novelists advocate only feeling in the cause of virtue, while at the same time arguing that those who are capable of "true feeling" are by definition virtuous. In the sphere of religion, all novelists show a tendency to regard Christianity as a matter of emotion on the one hand and of practical ethics on the other. While there was a shift in emphasis from Tugendempfindsamkeit to the cultivation of feeling for its own sake, perceptions of the nature of religions and virtue remained constant.
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Havinga, Anna Dorothea. "Invisibilising Austrian German : on the effect of linguistic prescriptions and educational reforms on writing practices in 18th-century Austria". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687812.
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This thesis investigates the invisibilisation of Austrian German features in 18th_and early 19th-century texts. The term invisibilisation refers to a process of implicit or explicit stigmatisation, which prevents the use of certain varieties and variants in writing (cf. Langer & Havinga 2015). Since written sources are the only source available to historical linguists any features not used in writing remain literally invisible to researchers. In this thesis, the role of language ideologies, 18th-century grammarians, and Empress Maria Theresa's school reform (1774) in the invisibilisation of a number of Austrian German variants is examined. In the period under investigation (1744--1834), the majority of these variants were replaced by their East Central German (ECG) equivalents, which were prescribed by 18th -century grammarians, in formal writing. The thesis offers a comparison between top-down language policy and language use, as evidenced in three divergent text types. A quantitative and qualitative study of reading primers, issues of the Wienerisches DiariumlWiener Zeitung, and handwritten petitionary letters revealed that the e-apocope in feminine and plural nouns and Upper German variants of the verb to be in the 1st and 3rd person plural present active indicative (wirlsie seynd) disappeared from these formal text types in the second half of the 18th century. The dative -e was, in comparison, implemented later and less consistently, particularly in the Wienerisches Diariuml Wiener Zeitung and in the petitions. The absence of the prefix ge- in past participles, on the other hand, was clearly avoided by the mid-18th century, while the development of the ending -t in regular past participles was not completed by 1834. The differences in the development of these features indicate that there was not one single factor that led to the invisibilisation of Austrian German variants. It was rather the interplay of Empress Maria Theresa's appeal for a language reform, the normative work of 18th -century grammarians, the implementation of educational reforms, and the early introduction of ECG variants in newspaper issues that resulted in the disappearance of these variants from formal writing.
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Kane, Lynn Marie 1977. "The Influence Of Basso Continuo Practice On The Composition And Performance Of Late Eighteenth- And Early Nineteenth-Century Lied Accompaniments". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/3057.
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xi, 387 p.A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: MUSIC MT49 .K36 2006
The use of basso continuo in the performance of many late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century genres is well documented, yet the influence of this practice on the Lieder during that time has never been fully explored. This dissertation analyzes Lied accompaniments of the period in relation to the recommendations found in contemporary thorough bass treatises in order to demonstrate that continuo practice did have an effect both on what composers were writing and how the songs were being performed. The majority of written-out Lied accompaniments from the late eighteenth-century conform to the recommendations given by treatise authors on matters of texture, distribution of the notes between the hands, octave doublings, parallel intervals, embellishments, and relationship of the keyboard part to the solo line. Furthermore, figured basses were still printed in some songs into the early part of the nineteenth century. Well-known nineteenth-century Lied composers, such as Schubert, Mendelssohn, and Brahms also frequently use these simple, continuo-like keyboard parts, and incorporate common continuo techniques for filling out chords into their more complex accompaniments. The fact that continuo practice, a tradition in which improvisation played a large role, continued to have such a pervasive influence on the printed Lied suggests that additions and embellishments can be made to what is written on the page. Furthermore, evidence from secondary sources, statements by musicians of the period, and clues in the music itself confirm that composers did not always intend for performers to play exactly what is notated. In this dissertation, I argue that in many of these songs the musical score should be viewed as only a basic outline, which can then be adapted depending on the skill level of the performers, the available keyboard instruments, and the context of the performance. Principles from the continuo treatises serve as a guide for knowing what additions to make, and I offer suggestions of possible applications. Appendices detail the contents of 50 continuo treatises published between 1750 and 1810.
Adviser: Dr. Anne Dhu McLucas Committee: Dr. Marc Vanscheeuwijck, Dr. Marian Smith, Dr. Kenneth Calhoon
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Peterson, Rebecca C. (Rebecca Carol). "Early Educational Reform in North Germany: its Effects on Post-Reformation German Intellectuals". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278681/.
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Martin Luther supported the development of the early German educational system on the basis of both religious and social ideals. His impact endured in the emphasis on obedience and duty to the state evident in the north German educational system throughout the early modern period and the nineteenth century. Luther taught that the state was a gift from God and that service to the state was a personal vocation. This thesis explores the extent to which a select group of nineteenth century German philosophers and historians reflect Luther's teachings. Chapters II and III provide historiography on this topic, survey Luther's view of the state and education, and demonstrate the adherence of nineteenth century German intellectuals to these goals. Chapters IV through VII examine the works respectively of Johann Gottfried Herder, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Leopold von Ranke, and Wilhelm Dilthey, with focus on the interest each had in the reformer's work for its religious, and social content. The common themes found in these authors' works were: the analysis of the membership of the individual in the group, the stress on the uniqueness of individual persons and cultures, the belief that familial authority, as established in the Fourth Commandment, provided the basis for state authority, the view that the state was a necessary and benevolent institution, and, finally, the rejection of revolution as a means of instigating social change. This work explains the relationship between Luther's view of the state and its interpretation by later German scholars, providing specific examples of the way in which Herder, Hegel, Ranke, and Dilthey incorporated in their writings the reformer's theory of the state. It also argues for the continued importance of Luther to later German intellectuals in the area of social and political theory.
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Kruijssen, Sophie [Verfasser]. "Patterns of reception : The early nineteenth-century German reception of British genre painting in its European context / Sophie Kruijssen". Berlin : epubli, 2016. http://d-nb.info/112017208X/34.
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Karl, Alexandra. "Darwinism in late nineteenth century German painting : Arnold Böcklin, Gustav Klimt, Alfred Kubin, Leo Putz and Franz von Stuck". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613211.
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Fronius, Helen. "The diligent dilettante : women writers in Germany, 1770-1820". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d95009fe-e8ea-4bcf-b520-29f2e9e849b5.
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The thesis sets out to explain the presence of women writers in the book market of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In order to do so, it examines the position of women writers in Germany - in the context both of their discursive and of their social reality. The thesis investigates the ideological and material background for women's writing, by exploring the areas of gender ideology, contemporary concepts of authorship, women's reading, and the literary market. The final chapter examines women's freedom of expression in different public circumstances. The thesis argues that women's position in the business of culture in general and literature in particular is not as unpromising as has often been claimed. By investigating less well-known texts on gender roles, such as eighteenth-century journal articles, it is possible to show that the rhetoric of prohibitions, for example regarding women's reading and writing, was by no means uniform, but fragmentary and frequently contradictory. Women's own responses to the conditions under which they were working are highlighted throughout the thesis, and examined on the basis of a range of texts, including unpublished correspondence. The examination of non-literary factors, such as the expansion of the literary market and the emergence of a newly diverse reading public, enables the identification of causes other than gender as determining women's position as writers during this period. In the course of this study, numerous neglected texts are considered, which broaden our understanding of this period of literature. The creative and successful use which women writers made of the opportunities they were afforded is emphasised throughout, thereby making an important contribution to the study of women writers.
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Schneider, Leann G. "Capturing Otherness on Canvas: 16th - 18th century European Representation of Amerindians and Africans". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1437430892.
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Miller, Jennifer Anne. "The Politics of Nazi Art: The Portrayal of Women in Nazi Painting". PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5157.
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The study of Nazi art as an historical document provided an effective measure of Nazi political platform and social policy. Because the ideology of the Third Reich is represented within Nazi art itself, it is useful to have a good understanding of the politics and ideology, surrounding the German art world at the time. Women were used in this study as an exemplification of Nazi art. This study uses the subject of women in Nazi painting, to show how the ideology is represented within the art work itself. It was first necessary to understand the fervorent "cleansing" of the German art world initiated by the Nazis. The Nazis too effectively stamped out all forms of professional art criticism, and virtually changed the function of the art critic to art editor. The nazification of the German artist was "necessary" in order for the Nazis to enjoy total control over the creation of German art. With these three steps taken in the "cleansing" of the German art world, the Nazis made sure that the creation of a "true" Germanic art would go forth completely unhindered. In order to comprehend the subject of Nazi art regarding women, the inherent ideology must be studied. The "new" German woman under National Socialism, was to be the mother, the model of Aryan characteristics, healthy and lean. Nazi political doctrine stated that women were inherently connected with the blood and soil of the nation, as well as nature itself. Women were to be innocent and pure, the bearers of the future Volk and the sustenance of that Volk. Once this political ideology is understood, the depiction of the German woman as mother, as nature, as sexual object, can be placed within Nazi historical context. Political art provided the Nazi state, the historical legitimization the government needed. It provided the means by which the state could be visually validated, politically, and historically.
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Williams, Seán M. "Pretexts for writing : German prefaces around 1800". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ad5fc311-3e1e-4671-a7cd-d68dbb9510ad.
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Throughout history, there have been playful prefaces to literature (or in classical oratory, before display pieces). But German examples written by authors around 1800 to their own works, together with contemporary, self-authored prefaces to speculative philosophy, constitute a peculiarly paradoxical text type. Once literature was conceived as an autonomous domain rather than as a branch of general learning; as a popular book market took hold; and once systematic philosophy competed with literature’s broad acclaim as well as intellectual independence, the preface became not only a pragmatic, but also a creative and conceptual problem. Hence the preface became complicated as a form, in a broadly Romantic tradition of thought in which every act of genuine reflection was understood to expose epistemological contradiction. After my general, theoretical Preface and my comparative, historical Introduction, I focus on three preface paradoxes and three case studies of remarkably complex textuality: on Goethe, Jean Paul and Hegel. Most notable among their prefatory texts are the prefaces to Werther (1774), to a fictive second edition of Quintus Fixlein (1797) and to Phänomenologie des Geistes (1807). This trajectory is a story that begins with literary creativity and moves towards greater philosophical intricacy. The significance of my study is threefold. First and foremost, considering prefaces in this period of German literature and philosophy complements and augments the negative, subjective Early German Romantic idea of irony, Romantic textual fragmentation, as well as Jean Paul’s and Hegel’s literary and philosophically informed attempts to render both concepts and their manifestation on the page more positive and objective. Fragments are conventionally conceived as additive pieces, fortifying or undermining works. This conception can hold true for prefaces, including those by Goethe, Jean Paul and Hegel. At the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century, though, a number of writers of fragments argued that their works should be understood as wholes. Precisely some prefaces by Goethe, Jean Paul and Hegel can be read so paradoxically: as unifying, wholesome (in a Sentimental sense) and systematic fragments respectively. Second and third, I show the wider importance of the German preface at the turn of the nineteenth century. Authors around 1800 not only displayed, but discovered and debated a prefatory paradoxicality that we encounter in post-Romantic, post-Structuralist and post-modern literature, theory and philosophy, too. Moreover, I demonstrate the ways in which prefaces by particularly Jean Paul and Hegel influenced especially Kierkegaard, Heidegger and Derrida.
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Kruijssen, Sophie C. [Verfasser], i Hubertus [Akademischer Betreuer] Kohle. "Patterns of reception : the early nineteenth-century German reception of British genre painting in its European context / Sophie C. Kruijssen ; Betreuer: Hubertus Kohle". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122019394/34.
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Kruijssen, Sophie C. Verfasser], i Hubertus [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kohle. "Patterns of reception : the early nineteenth-century German reception of British genre painting in its European context / Sophie C. Kruijssen ; Betreuer: Hubertus Kohle". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-201692.
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Carlisle, Tara McDermott. "Adélaide Labille-Guiard and Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun: Portraitists in the Age of the French Revolution". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332771/.
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This thesis examines the portraiture of Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun and Adélaide Labille-Guiard within the context of their time. Analysis of specific portraits in American collections is provided, along with an examination of their careers: early education, Academic Royale membership, Salon exhibitions, and the French Revolution. Discussion includes the artists' opposing stylistic heritages, as well as the influences of their patronage, the French art academy and art criticism. This study finds that Salon critics compared their paintings, but not with the intention of creating a bitter personal and professional rivalry between them as presumed by some twentieth-century art historians. This thesis concludes those critics simply addressed their opposing artistic styles and that no such rivalry existed.
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Nicholls, Angus 1972. "The mantic art : an examination of the notion of the daemonic in the writings of Plato, Goethe and Goethe's contemporaries". Monash University, Centre for Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9148.
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Urbain, Ruano Elise. "La mode du négligé et le portrait français : de la "sprezzatura" au "naturel" le "négligé", 1670-1790". Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H006.
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Le choix des vêtements représentés dans un portrait est rarement anodin, et ceci est particulièrement vrai à l’époque moderne. Les significations de nombreux attributs et costumes officiels ont été largement étudiées et commentées, mais qu’en est-il des portraits en négligé ? À partir des années 1670, le sens du terme « négligé » prend une nouvelle acception moins péjorative et qualifie des vêtements confortables, opposés à la grande parure. Il s’agit de déterminer les circonstances qui amènent à une revalorisation du point de vue sur le négligé et expliquer son succès dans le portrait. La question est posée dans le cadre des relations entre la France et l’Angleterre faites d’alternance de périodes d’assimilation et de rejet dont les effets sur les pratiques artistiques ne sont plus à démontrer.Au XVIIIe siècle, le terme « négligé » désigne aussi bien des vêtements que des styles artistiques en peinture ou littérature, ou encore une attitude totalement artificielle liée chez les femmes au rituel codifié de la toilette : il concerne les pratiques sociales d’élites caractérisées par un souci constant de la représentation. Par certains aspects, le négligé évoque la « sprezzatura » de Baldassare Castiglione, mais au cours du XVIIIe siècle il est rapproché de, ou opposé à, l’idée de « naturel ». Enfin, la diffusion des modes négligées est à lier au rejet des codes de la parure, contribuant au brouillage de la hiérarchie sociale d’Ancien Régime et permettant une affirmation individuelle au détriment de l’identité de groupe. De nouvelles clefs de lecture sont ainsi données pour des portraits dans lesquels la représentation des vêtements ne paraissait pas significativeThe choice of clothing depicted in a portrait is often meaningful, and this is especially true in the Early Modern Period and the Enlightment. The meanings of many official attributes and costumes have been extensively studied and commented on, but what about portraits « en négligé » ? From the 1670s onwards, the meaning of the French « négligé » took on a new, less pejorative meaning and qualified comfortable clothing, opposed to great adornment. This study aims at determining the circumstances that lead to a revaluation of the point of view on the « négligé » and explaining its wide use in portraits, in the context of relations between France and England, which are alternating periods of assimilation and rejection, the effects of which on artistic practices are no longer to be demonstrated. In the eighteenth century, the term « négligé » refers to clothing as well as artistic styles in painting or literature, or a totally artificial attitude linked, for women, to the codified ritual of the toilet : it concerns the social practices of elites, characterized by a constant concern for representation. In some ways, the « négligé » evokes the « sprezzatura » of Baldassare Castiglione, but during the eighteenth century it is associated to, or opposed to, the idea of « natural ». Finally, the « négligé » fashion is linked to the rejection of the codes of adornment, contributing to the blurring of the Ancien Regime social hierarchy, and allowing an individual affirmation at the expense of group identity. New reading keys are thus given for portraits in which the representation of clothing did not seem significant
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Julien, Albane. "Rosalba Carriera (1673-1757). Entre peinture et écriture : une Vénitienne dans l'Europe des Lumières". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30068.
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Ce travail de recherche porte sur l’œuvre de la Vénitienne Rosalba Carriera (1675-1757), qui connut un succès international grâce à ses portraits et à sa maîtrise exceptionnelle du pastel. Cependant, il serait réducteur de parler de Rosalba Carriera uniquement en tant qu’artiste.En effet, cette dernière rédigea une vaste correspondance, plusieurs textes en relation avec la société de son époque, écrivit un petit traité sur le pastel et fut dans le même temps poète et diariste.Le but de cette recherche consistera donc – sans oublier son travail de peintre –à mettre en lumière l’autre facette de l’artiste, à savoir, la femme de Lettres en prise avec son temps dont elle fut un témoin attentif.Dans cette double perspective, l’accent est mis, en premier lieu, sur la peinture et les femmes peintres en Europe et à Venise au XVIIIe siècle, avec une mention particulière pour la formation artistique de Rosalba Carriera. Dans un second temps, sont analysés ses écrits, parmi lesquels sa vaste correspondance ainsi que ses journaux qui révèlent ses qualités d’épistolière et de diariste ainsi que le vaste réseau qu’elle avait su se constituer en Europe, tout particulièrement en France et, dans une moindre mesure, en Angleterre. Enfin, Rosalba Carriera sera présentée comme poète, mais également comme témoin social et historique de son temps au travers de plusieurs écrits de natures diverses, au nombre desquels on compte le traité sur le pastel, Maniere diverse per formare i colori, dans lequel elle apparaît comme une remarquable pédagogue et spécialiste en la matière.Ces différentes facettes de Rosalba Carriera composant le portrait d’une artiste et femme de Lettres dans l’Europe des LumièresThis thesis is about the work of the Venetian Rosalba Carriera (1673-1757), who knew an international success thanks to her portraits and her exceptionnal mastery of pastel painting. However, Rosalba Carriera was not only an artist. In effect, she wrote many letters, texts in relation with the society of her century and she wrote a little essay about the pastel and she was also a letter writer, a poet and wrote diaries. Without forgetting her identity of artist,we will stress on her profile of woman of Letters, witness of her century. First of all, we will speak about the painting and the women painters in Europ and in Venice in the 18th century and we will insist on the artistic formation of Rosalba Carriera.In a second time, we will analyse the writings of Rosalba: her letters and diaries that reveal her qualities of letter writer and diarist and also the large network she especially developed in France and a little bit in England. Finally, we will introduce Rosalba as a poet, as a social and historical witness of her time thanks to many texts and thank to her essay on the pastel painting, Maniere diverse per formare i colori, where she appears as an educationalist and specialist. These differents facets of Rosalba Carriera will make up the portrait of an artist and a woman of Letters in the Enlightenment Europ
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Schefzyk, Miriam. "Martin Carlin et les ébénistes allemands à Paris au XVIIIe siècle". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP041.
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La thèse intitulée « Martin Carlin et les ébénistes allemands à Paris au XVIIIe siècle » se consacre au grand mouvement migratoire des ébénistes allemands installés à Paris au cours du XVIIIe siècle à l’instar de l’ébéniste Martin Carlin (†1785), originaire de Fribourg-en-Brisgau dont l'œuvre n'a jamais fait l’objet d'une étude approfondie. Plusieurs approches méthodologiques de la recherche de la migration historique, de l’histoire sociale de l’artiste, de la culture matérielle et du transfert artistique et culturel sont employées pour reconstituer l’impact de ce mouvement migratoire ainsi que pour évaluer l’influence des ébénistes allemands sur le meuble et son marché à Paris au XVIIIe siècle. En reconstituant le contexte de production des ébénistes allemands qui était conditionné par le statut institutionnel, la situation économique, les réseaux et les structures d’accueil des ébénistes allemands à Paris, leurs meubles sont pour la première fois analysés en tant que reflet de leur situation particulière en tant que migrants. Avec cette approche inédite, la thèse place un domaine important, mais souvent négligé par la recherche en histoire de l’art, au centre de l’intérêt et mène des recherches fondamentales dans les arts décoratifs et les échanges culturels entre la France et l’Allemagne à l’époque moderneThe dissertation “Martin Carlin and the German ébénistes in Paris in the 18th century” examines the migration of German cabinet makers to Paris in the 18th century using the example of Martin Carlin (†1785), an ébéniste from Freiburg in Breisgau, whose work had hitherto not been the subject of a comprehensive study. To understand the impact of this migration as well as the impact of German ébénistes on Parisian furniture and its market, the dissertation combines several approaches from Historical Migration Studies, Social History of the Artist, Material Culture and Artists and Cultural Transfer. By reconstructing the production context – which was influenced by the institutional rules, the economic situation as well as the networks and receptive structures of German ébénistes in Paris – the dissertation analyzes German ébénistes’ furniture for the first time as a reflex to their specific situation as migrants. With this approach the dissertation focuses on a long-neglected field of Art History and conducts fundamental research between Decorative Arts and Cultural Exchange between France and the Holy Roman Empire in the early modern period
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Zickermann, Kathrin. "Across the German sea : Scottish commodity exchange, network building and communities in the wider Elbe-Weser region in the early modern period". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/958.
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This thesis analyses the commercial, maritime and military relations between Scotland and the cities and territories in the North Western parts of the Holy Roman Empire during the early modern period; specifically Hamburg, Bremen, the Swedish duchies of Bremen and Verden, Danish Altona and Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Having identified anomalies in the histories of these locations, and bringing a more international dimension to them, my study tackles a remarkable understudied geo-political location. The core of my research identifies the immigration of Scots and the establishment of commercial networks within a region rather than an individual territory, highlighting contact across political borders. This region differed significantly from other places in Northern Europe in that it did not maintain an ethnically distinct Scottish community enforcing and encouraging interaction with the indigenous German population and other foreigners such as the English Merchant Adventurers in Hamburg. The survey reveals that despite the lack of such a community the region was of commercial significance to Scots as evidenced by the presence of individual Scottish merchants, factors and entrepreneurs whose trade links stretched far beyond their home country. Significantly, these Scots present in mercantile capacities were demonstrably linked to their countrymen who frequented the region as diplomats and soldiers who frequently resided in the neutral cities of Bremen and Hamburg. Some of these Scots within the Swedish army were of importance in the administration of Swedish Bremen-Verden while others fought for Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Their presence encouraged chain migration, particularly offering shelter to Scottish political exiles in the later seventeenth century. Analysing the collective role of these men and the relationships between them, this thesis highlights the overall significance of the wider Elbe-Weser region to the Scots and vice versa, filling a gap in our understanding of the Scottish Diaspora in the early modern period, and broadening our understanding of the region itself.
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Pnevmonidou, Elena. ""Liebes-Töten" : zur Objektwerdung der Frau im Roman der Frühromantik : Novalisʹ Heinrich von Ofterdingen, Friedrich HÜlderlins Hyperion, Friedrich Schlegels Lucinde". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84537.
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The aim of this comparative study of Novalis' Heinrich von Ofterdingen , Holderlin's Hyperion, and Schlegel's Lucinde is to develop a comprehensive overview of the role of woman in conceptions of male subjectivity in Early German Romanticism. The reading of the novels developed here examines the Early Romantic poetics with a specific view to the conceptualizations of woman contained therein. The Early Romantic 'Project' consists in the rewriting of the subject and the world in the medium of poetry. Tanscendental poetry, the fragment, allegory, and irony are intended to invoke the presence of an absence, that is the absolute. In the concrete praxis in the novels, these concepts of Early Romantic poetics imply conceptualizations of woman. They articulate a specific approach in the encounter of the male subject with the female object. At the center of Romantic poetics lies the encounter with woman. The unique situatedness of the romantic subject is, indeed, crystallized in this encounter.Early Romanticism is situated between Kant and Hegel. The post-Kantian subject experiences a crisis of legitimation. Lacking an unmediated access to the object, it is fragmented and threatened. Early Romanticism, however, also prefigures Hegel, inasmuch as the crisis does not consist in the loss of the object, but rather in the encounter of two subjects. The three novels are juxtaposed here because this position between the loss of the object and the crisis of the encounter with the other as subject leads to a paradoxical conceptualization of woman as an uncanny object of desire. In all three novels, the constitution of the male subject and the possibility of poetry depend on the encounter with woman. However, the possibility of woman emerging, indeed, as subject represents an extreme threat. As a consequence, the constitution of the male poetic subject requires the simultaneous assimilation of femininity and the shielding against woman. Hence, the three novels are love stories that narrate the death of woman. However, woman is fundamentally uncanny because even the presence of the dead woman represents a threat. The constitution of the male subject and novel unfolds, therefore, in three stages; the encounter with woman, the assimilation of femininity and death of woman, and the removal of any traces of that death.
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Howard, Jane. "The Sublime and the Beautiful in the Works of Claude-Joseph Vernet". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500913/.
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This thesis examines the roles of the sublime and the beautiful in the works of eighteenth-century French landscape painter Claude-Joseph Vernet. An introduction to the study, a history of the sublime and beautiful, and an overview of the way these ideas are portrayed in Vernet's calm and storm pendants are provided. How commissions for these pendants relate to theoretical developments of the sublime and beautiful and how Vernet became aware of the these ideas are addressed. The thesis shows Vernet was not dependent on British patrons or on the century's most influential aesthetic treatise on the sublime and the beautiful by Edmund Burke, because Vernet started painting such themes well before Burke's treatise (1757) and did so in response to French patrons.
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Kennedy, Shane Michael. "Expressionist Art and Drama Before, During, and After the Weimar Republic". PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2508.
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Expressionism was the major literary and art form in Germany beginning in the early 20th century. It flourished before and during World War I and continued to be the dominant art for of the Early Weimar Republic. By 1924, Neue Sachlichkeit replaced Expressionism as the dominant art form in Germany. Many Expressionists claimed they were never truly apart of Expressionism. However, in the periodization and canonization many of these young artists are labeled as Expressionist.
This thesis examines the periodization and canonization of Expression in art, drama, and film and proves that Expressionism began much earlier than scholars believe and ended much later than 1924. This thesis examines the conflicts in Germany that led to Expressionism and which authors and artists influenced Expressionists. It will also show that after Expressionism ceased to be the dominant art form in Germany, many former Expressionists continued to use expressionistic form in their works but ceased to use expressionistic content. This thesis argues that both the periodization and canonization of Expressionism should be expanded to include all works that may be classified as having expressionistic form.
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Farstad, Per Kjetil. "German galant lute music in the 18th century : a study of the period, the style, central lutenists, ornaments, idiomatic, and problems that arise when adapting lute music from this period to the modern eight-stringed classical guitar /". Göteborg : University, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37121471s.
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Akademisk avhandling--Philosophie--Göteborg, 2000.Notices biogr. sur les luthistes et les compositeurs pour luth en Allemagne au 18e siècle p. 297-360. Liste des oeuvres pour luth composées en Allemagne au 18e siècle avec localisations p. 385-474. Bibliogr. p. 484-513.
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Thorez, Eric-Selvam. "Peintres Moghols au XVIIIe siècle". Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040267.
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Cet ouvrage a pour objet l’étude de différents peintres moghols ayant exercé leur activité au XVIII° siècle, c'est-à-dire entre la fin du règne d’Aurengzeb et le début de celui d’Akbar II. Il s’attache à établir, pour chaque peintre, des catalogues de l’œuvre peint, et, partant, à définir les caractéristiques de chacun, en analysant le style et l’approche iconographique des peintures. Jusqu’à présent, la méconnaissance globale des collections de peintures mogholes du XVIII° siècle a désigné cette période comme une phase de recul qualitatif des peintres et des peintures, ces dernières étant généralement considérées comme peu nombreuses, stylistiquement faibles et limitées à des sujets galants, courtois ou érotiques. C’est en analysant ces collections peu étudiées que nous avons tenté d’améliorer la connaissance de cette période, à travers la vie et l’œuvre des peintres moghols face aux bouleversements qui surviennent dans l’Inde du nord tout au long du XVIII° siècle. Ainsi, nous nous sommes attaché à montrer, qu’après une première phase où prévaut, chez les peintres, une forme de classicisme, les membres de l’académie impériale ont tenté de rénover l’esthétique moghole face à l’émergence d’ateliers régionaux concurrentiels. Nous avons ensuite suivi le parcours des peintres qui s’installèrent en Oudh, amenant, sans rupture, le mouvement appelé Company Paintings, tandis qu’à Delhi, les membres de l’académie impériale s’orientaient vers une forme de néoclassicisme pictural. Ce travail permettra de jeter un regard nouveau sur les peintres moghols au XVIII° siècle, en montrant l’évolution donnée à l’esthétique classique dans un contexte de régionalisation de la peintureThis work is a study on Mughal painters who were active in the 18th century, between the end of Aurengzeb and the beginning of Akbar’s rein. The intention is to establish a catalogue of painted works for each painter, thereby defining the characteristics of each one through an analysis of the style and different iconographic approaches within the paintings. Until recently, the global lack of knowledge of Mughal eighteenth century painting collections defined this period as one of decline in the quality of painters and their works, the latter being generally considered to be small in number, stylistically weak and limited to gallant, courtly, and erotic subject matter.Through an analysis of these rarely studied collections that we have broached a renewal of our understanding of this period through the lives and works of these Mughal painters who were facing the political and economical disruptions that took place in the North of India throughout the whole of the eighteenth century. Therefore, our work has been focused on revealing that after an initial phase, when a form of classicism prevailed in the painters’ works, the members of the imperial academy aimed at renewing a Mughal aesthetic as the concurrent regional workshops emerged. We have then followed the direction of the painters who settling in Oudh, took with them, the movement known as Company Paintings, whereas in Delhi, the members of the imperial academy orientated themselves towards a neoclassical pictoralism. This work, by showing in particular the evolution of a classical aesthetic, will therefore allow us look anew at Mughal painters of the eighteenth century, within the context of the regionalisation of painting in India
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Marie, Laurence. "L'acteur peintre de la nature. Esthétique du tableau et premières théories du jeu théâtral au XVIIIème siècle (France, Angleterre, Allemagne)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040147.
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Cette thèse entend montrer comment la naissance de la théorie du jeu théâtral au XVIIIe siècle contribue à la mise en cause du modèle mimétique classique au profit d'un nouveau modèle expressif. Considérant trois aires culturelles (la France, l'Angleterre et l'Allemagne), elle adopte une démarche chronologique, qui vise à souligner les changements dans la façon d’entendre le parallèle entre l'acteur, le peintre et l’orateur. Il apparaît ainsi que la théorie du jeu tire sa légitimité d'une réhabilitation du spectacle visuel, qui donne lieu à une esthétique du tableau scénique mettant en lumière la spécificité du jeu. En ce sens, elle ne se constitue pas en rupture avec les traités d’actio, mais par une réinterprétation visuelle de leurs principes, en faveur d'une éloquence corporelle naturelle libérée des codes de la rhétorique. Dès lors, sous l’influence du sensualisme, la place centrale accordée au corps de l'acteur créateur conduit à une série d'expérimentations théoriques et pratiques qui portent sur la production et la réception du sentiment au théâtre, et qui sont alimentées par les échanges d'un pays à l'autre. Ces réflexions hybrides participent à la redéfinition des arts de la représentation en termes de relation esthétique entre un sujet créateur et un sujet récepteur, et au passage d'une conception imitative à une approche expressive du sentiment. La diffusion, par David Garrick, d'une certaine image de Shakespeare, dont la dramaturgie contrevient aux règles de la poétique classique, joue un rôle important dans le développement de la théorie du jeu visuel et dans la définition du théâtre comme texte et représentationThis work shows how the birth of acting in the eighteenth century calls into question the classical mimetic model in favour of a new expressive model. It examines three cultural areas: France, England, and Germany. It also adopts a chronological approch in order to analyse the changes undergone by the parallel between the actor, the painter and the orator. It then appears that acting theory draws its legitimacy from a rehabilitation of visual spectacle, which provokes the settling of an aesthetic of the stage paintng putting into light acting’s specificity. In that sense, acting theory does not emerge against writings on oratory action; on the contrary, it rises thanks to a visual re-interpreting of their principles freed from rhetorical codes. Hence, through the influence of sensualism, the major place given to the creative actor's body leads to theoretical and practical experimentations that concern the way to produce and to receive feelings, and which are nourished by multiple exchanges between the three countries. These hybrid reflections help redefine the art of representation as an aesthetic relation between a creating subject and a receiving subject. It contributes to the transition from an imitative conception of feeling to an expressive one. David Garrick’s spreading of a certain image of Shakespeare, whose dramaturgy offends the classical poetics rules, plays an important role in the development of a theory of visual acting an in the redefinition of theatre as text and representation
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Carey, Jean. "Franz Marc as an Ethologist". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4005.
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Keywords: Animalisierung, Einfühlung, Ethology,
Expressionism, Painting, German Modernism
In this study I deploy the perspective of ethology to examine Franz Marc's paintings of animals. To perceive animals ethologically means acknowledging that animals feel, think, experience, and imagine the world. Ethology has come to include interpretive pursuits as well as traditional field studies, and as I show, Marc's practice encompassed both aspects of this evolving discipline. To establish the presence of ethology in the humanities I give a "case study" of what I call "retroactive ethology" in the work of J.M. Coetzee. I present an account of Marc's deep knowledge about real live animals. I offer an assessment of the inspiration Marc drew from Post-Impressionism and Egyptian art and show how Marc modernizes animal painting by demolishing long-standing conventions of the genre. I offer some ideas to more fully explain two important terms Marc uses, Animalisierung and Einfühlung. Throughout my paper I keep conceptual and historical observations closely tied to Marc's own words and images. Thus by reading and looking closely, we are able to see Marc as a dedicated and innovative ethologist whose implicit environmental commitment offers great comment upon contemporary discussions of the representation of the animal.
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Ameille, Brice. "L’impressionnisme et la peinture ancienne : Itinéraire d’une avant-garde face à la tradition". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040088.
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Encore souvent perçu comme une véritable révolution esthétique, l’impressionnisme fait depuis quelques années l’objet d’une importante recontextualisation visant à remettre en question cette vision. Sans dénier au mouvement ses apports novateurs, cette thèse étudie la relation de ses membres avec la tradition picturale. S’appuyant sur un important corpus de textes critiques, de revues spécialisées et de catalogues d’exposition de l’époque, ainsi que sur de très nombreuses comparaisons iconographiques étayées, elle dégage quatre grandes sources d’inspiration : le XVIe siècle vénitien, le XVIIe siècle espagnol, le XVIIe siècle néerlandais, et le XVIIIe siècle français. C’est à l’aune de ce rapport à la peinture ancienne, et par le biais d’une typologie des différents positionnements à son égard, que la « crise » connue par l’impressionnisme au début des années 1880 est réexaminée, et que, plus généralement, une nouvelle approche du mouvement est proposéeImpressionism is often perceived as a genuine aesthetic revolution. However, over the course of past years, it has been reconsidered and this vision called into question. Without rejecting the groundbreaking characteristics of Impressionism, this thesis studies the relationship between the Impressionists and pictorial tradition. Referring to a large corpus of reviews, specialized articles, exhibition catalogs of the period, and supported by many iconographic analogies, it lists four major inspirations: the Venetian 16th century, the Spanish 17th century, the Dutch 17th century, and the French 18th century. In the light of this connection between Impressionism and Ancient painting, and with the help of a typology summing up the different positions regarding this connection, this thesis reexamines the crisis that Impressionism underwent during the early 1880’s and suggests a new approach to the movement
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Frazier, Dustin M. "A Saxon state : Anglo-Saxonism and the English nation, 1703-1805". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4146.
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For the past century, medievalism studies generally and Anglo-Saxonism studies in particular have largely dismissed the eighteenth century as a dark period in English interest in the Anglo-Saxons. Recent scholarship has tended to elide Anglo-Saxon studies with Old English studies and consequently has overlooked contributions from fields such as archaeology, art history and political philosophy. This thesis provides the first re-examination of scholarly, antiquarian and popular Anglo-Saxonism in eighteenth-century England and argues that, far from disappearing, interest in Anglo-Saxon culture and history permeated British culture and made significant contributions to contemporary formulations and expressions of Englishness and English national, legal and cultural identities. Each chapter examines a different category of Anglo-Saxonist production or activity, as those categories would be distributed across current scholarship, in order to explore the ways in which the Anglo-Saxons were understood and deployed in the construction of contemporary cultural- historiographical narratives. The first three chapters contain, respectively, a review of the achievements of the ‘Oxford school' of Saxonists of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries; antiquarian Anglo-Saxon studies by members of the Society of Antiquaries of London and their correspondents; and historiographical presentations of the Anglo-Saxons in local, county and national histories. Chapters four and five examine the appearance of the Anglo-Saxons in visual and dramatic art, and the role of Anglo-Saxonist legal and juridical language in eighteenth-century politics, with reference to discoveries resulting from the academic and antiquarian research outlined in chapters one to three. It is my contention that Anglo-Saxonism came to serve as a unifying ideology of origins for English citizens concerned with national history, and political and social institutions. As a popular as well as scholarly ideology, Anglo-Saxonism also came to define English national character and values, an English identity recognised and celebrated as such both at home and abroad.
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Eklöv, Anders. "Några diverse gamla tavlor : Om Pehr Hilleström och 1700-talets svenska konstmarknad". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433468.
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This paper examines the painter Peh Hilleström (1732–1816) as a participant in the eighteenth century, Stockholm art market, according to the model used by Michael Baxandall in his study of Italian Renaissance art. The art market of the eighteenth century was expanding and included new groups of buyers, outside traditional patrons of art as court and aristocracy. The main purpose of the paper is to find these new art consumers. I use probate inventories from Stockholm, from the years 1735, 1775, 1795, and 1815, in which I search for annotations of paintings. The results are examined from an economic perspective, based on wealth, and a social, based on occupation and titles. Examining these four years I find a rather extensive, bourgeois, market for art, including the less well of households, and fairly independent of social status. The sources give few if any, details of the paintings listed. Hence it is not possible to connect any of the annotations in the probate inventories to Hilleström, since artists’ names are never mentioned. From some of the clues given, there is nevertheless, possible to reconstruct the outlines of what an art collection might have looked like. The wide scope of Hillestöm’s production, illustrated by the artist’s own list of his paintings, might be interpreted as a way to cater for this new market, illustrated by e.g. the frequent repetition of motives. Finally, I examine a few of Hilleström’s own paintings in the light of the previous investigation. Together the sources give a picture of a – fairly widespread – ideal of interior decoration, in which paintings are an important part.
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Valipour, Valeska. "La pratique théâtrale dans l’Allemagne de la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle (1760 – 1805)". Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030019/document.
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L’Allemagne du dix-huitième siècle est composée de plus de 300 petits pays se différenciant en ce qui concerne la politique, la religion et la langue. S’y ajoutent des territoires qui ne sont pas allemands, mais sous influence de la culture germanophone.Cette étude analyse alors un territoire qui s’étend de l’Alsace jusqu’en Russie et des pays scandinaves jusqu’en Suisse. Embourbés dans des guerres territoriales, les souverains ne montrent que peu d’intérêt pour le théâtre, et si oui, uniquement pour l’opéra italien et le théâtre français. Au début du siècle, le théâtre professionnel allemand est surtout influencé par le théâtre anglais et un peu par la comédie italienne.Le statut social des acteurs est très mauvais. C’est surtout la bourgeoisie qui se méfie d’eux. A partir des années 1730, sous influence du théâtre français, le théâtre allemand s’émancipe. Dans la seconde moitié du siècle, il devient le moteur del’embourgeoisement de la société. Les actrices se sont beaucoup investies dans cette évolution, non malgré, mais en raison de leur statut social particulièrement mauvais. Longtemps, seules les gender studies se sont intéressées à cette période de l’histoire théâtrale. Une de leurs théories de base définit l’homme et la femme comme deux groupes sociologiques distincts. Cette théorie a été reprise, sans en questionner lavalidité pour l’histoire théâtrale. C’est le point de départ de cette étude, qui compare les vies de plus de 400 actrices et acteurs de l’époque. De nombreux aspects de la vie privée et professionnelle y sont abordés : famille, carrière, finances, situation juridiqueet fréquentations. Ce mémoire démontre que le milieu théâtral de l’époque peut effectivement être divisé en deux groupes : les comédiens ayant grandi au théâtre et ceux y étant arrivés plus tard. En effet, la distinction générale de l’homme et de la femme ne peut être appliquée au théâtre allemand qu’à partir de la fin du dix-huitième siècleIn the 18th century, Germany was composed of more than 300 small states which differed politically, religiously and linguistically. In addition to these, there were non-German territories which were, however, greatly influenced by German culture. As a result, the notion of “Germany” included a territory from Alsace to Russia and from theScandinavian countries to Switzerland. Their rulers were generally preoccupied with battles over dominance. If they devoted any time to theatre it was most likely Italian opera or French theatre. In the beginning of the century, German professional theatre was mainly influenced by English theatre and Italian theatre. The social position of actors was very poor. The bourgeoisie looked on them with particular suspicion.Starting in the 1730s, under French theatre influence, the German theatre started becoming more independent. In the second half of the century, theatre was the driving force behind the embourgeoisement of society. Driven by the desire to improve their low social status, actresses played a leading role in this revolution. For a long time, only gender studies were interested in this part of theatre history. A prominent gender studies theory suggested that men and women were of two different sociological groups. This theory has been accepted without justifying its concurrence with theatre history. That’s the starting point of this work which compares the lives of more than 400 Germana ctresses and actors of the time. Many facets of private and professional life are analysed: family life, career opportunities, finances, legal status and social life. The dissertation shows that the theatrical milieu was already divided into two groups far into the second half of the century: actors who had grown up in theatre and those who came to it later. In fact, the categorical sociological distinction between men and women in German theatre is only justifiable beginning at the end of the 18th century
43
Spetschinsky, Sergueï. "Dualisme et réflexion: le passage entre théorique et pratique dans la philosophie transcendantale d'Immanuel Kant". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209732.
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Le présent travail consiste en une étude de l’œuvre d'Immanuel Kant, avec pour objet la question du passage entre théorique et pratique. En étudiant méticuleusement chacune des étapes du développement de la pensée kantienne, ce travail abouti sur la mise au jour d'un principe fondamental, dit du double mouvement du dualisme et de la réflexion, d'après lequel se structure l'ensemble de la pensée kantienne, mais aussi plus généralement, la possibilité de toute philosophie transcendantale.Doctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
44
Pierre, Laetitia. "Enseigner l'art de peindre : l'œuvre pédagogique et littéraire de Michel-François Dandré-Bardon (1700-1783)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H057.
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A première vue, les ouvrages du peintre d'histoire, littérateur, musicien et théoricien de l'art Michel-François Dandré-Bardon (Aix-en-Provence 1700 - Paris 1783) peuvent passer pour un savoir de compilation. Leur diversité déclinée sous forme de poèmes, traités de peinture et de sculpture, descriptions chronologiques d'œuvres, répertoires, éloges d'artistes et essais synthétiques, laisse croire qu'il couva tout au long de son existence une ambition littéraire démesurée. Pourtant, sa démarche dément une telle intention. En tant que co-fondateur puis directeur perpétuel de l'École de dessin de Marseille dès 1752, professeur pour l'histoire, la fable et la géographie des élèves de l'École royale protégée de 1755 à 1775, Dandré-Bardon élabora un corpus littéraire en douze volumes visant à établir la première théorie opératoire moderne. La démarche pédagogique engagée par l'artiste nous apparaît de ce point de vue fondamentale : elle s'articule étroitement avec une production graphique qui devient le fer de lance d'une démonstration globale. L'étude chronologique de la carrière artistique de Dandré-Bardon incluant désormais son œuvre littéraire, permet de réviser l'interprétation et la réception de plusieurs de ses chefs-d’œuvre. En choisissant d'axer notre démonstration sur la réception du projet éditorial de l'artiste, nous observons comment ses conceptions pédagogiques ont évoluées au fur et à mesure de leur mise en pratique. La démarche mentale de Dandré-Bardon articule étroitement la pratique de l'exécution artistique avec la production des écrits rédigés entre 1737 et 1778. Ils donnent ainsi les moyens d'apprécier la diversité et la subtilité sémantique des œuvres de ses contemporains en indiquant le cheminement de l'esprit qui anime la matièreThe work of Dandré-Bardon, an academic painter, writer, musician and art theorist (born Aix-en-Provence 1700 - died Paris 1783), could appear to be a synthesis comprised of mere compilation. The diversity of his creative and intellectual expression included poems, treatises on painting and sculpture, chronological and descriptive catalogues of artworks, artist biographies and hagiographies as well as analytical essays, the totality of which might give the impression of oversized literary ambitions. However, Dandré-Bardon's practical method contradicts such an unfortunate misunderstanding of his endeavors. As co-founder of the École de dessin de Marseille, Dandré-Bardon was appointed Director for life of the same establishment in 1752. From 1755 to 1775, he was also a professor of History, Fables and Geography for students at the École royale protégée, where he wrote a twelve volume literary compendium aimed at establishing the first modern theory for artistic pedagogy. With this in mind, the pedagogical method developed and unde1iaken by the artist was thus fundamentally important during the period : in conjunction with Dandré-Bardon 's artistic production, it became the spearhead for a broader movement. Henceforth, the chronological study of the artistic career of Dandré-Bardon must include his literary work, which will allow a re-evaluation of the historical reception of his masterpieces, as well as the meaning behind their iconography. By choosing to focus on the artist's texts, we can observe how his pedagogical concepts evolved in alignment with their practical application. The intellectual approach of Dandré-Bardon highlights the alignment between his a1iistic development and his literary output during the period from 173 7 to 1778. They provide the means of appreciating the diverse and refined semantics that marked the works of his contemporaries while showing the thought processes behind how the mind brings matter to life in the creation of art
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Fredericq-Lilar, Marie. "Pieter van Reijsschoot (1738-1795) et les siens: une famille de peintres gantois du XVIIIe siècle". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213593.
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Erlander, Lillemor. "Moi et Desprez: : Om Louis Jean Desprez’ teaterdekorationer och Gustaf III:s nationella projekt". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19289.
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En studie av teaterdekoratören, konstnären och arkitekten Louis Jean Desprez' betydelse för Gustaf III nationella projekt, att förena sitt folk och skapa en nationell identitet med hjälp av opera och teater.
A study in the importance of the theatre decorateur artist and architect Louis Jean Desprez' for the national project of Gustaf III, to unite his people and create a national identity by using theatre and opera
47
Landmann, Ortrun. "Über das Musikerbe der Sächsischen Staatskapelle". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-25559.
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Bis auf wenige, kurze Zeitabschnitte gehört die Dresdner Hof- (heute Staats-)kapelle seit Jahrhunderten zur Spitzengruppe bezüglich der europäischen Orchesterentwicklung. Ihr Repertoire und dessen Überlieferung sind somit von musikhistorischer Relevanz, dabei aber bislang nicht vollständig erschlossen und infolgedessen von Forschung und Praxis unzureichend wahrgenommen. Hier Lücken zu schließen, ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Publikation. Die als „Drei Studien“ bezeichneten Arbeiten widmen sich der Entstehungs- und Sammlungsgeschichte einer Auswahl von historischem Musiziergut der Kapelle, das sich in der heutigen SLUB befindet. Da mit zeitlichem Abstand entstanden, repräsentieren sie unterschiedliche Erkenntnisphasen der Autorin. Die 1999 bzw. 2002 als Begleittexte zu zwei als Sondereditionen von RISM/A/II veröffentlichten CD-ROM-Katalogen im Druck erschienenen Studien I und II sind im Handel nicht mehr greifbar, so daß ihre digitale Herausgabe wünschenswert war, zumal diese auch die Möglichkeit bot, Korrekturen und Ergänzungen einzuarbeiten. Der Text der der Dresdner Hasse-Sammlung gewidmeten Studie I wird z.B. erweitert durch ein Kapitel zu den originalen Einbänden dieser Sammlung. Zum Text der das Dresdner Opernarchiv behandelnden Studie II wurden vor allem fehlende Register hinzugefügt. Ein Zentralthema beider Arbeiten bilden die Untersuchungen zu den Schreibern der Musikalien. Diese Untersuchungen werden in Studie III erheblich erweitert und zu neuen Ergebnissen geführt. Erstmals liegt nun für die Zeit von 1720 bis 1850 der Umriß einer Geschichte des Dresdner Hofnotistenamtes vor, wobei diesbezügliche Forschungsergebnisse anderer Autoren eingearbeitet sind. Neue Einblicke in die Dresdner höfische Musikgeschichte ließen sich für zwei ihrer repräsentativsten Überlieferungskomplexe gewinnen: die Hasse-Sammlung umfaßt Werke aller Gattungen, die während Hasses 30jährigem Wirken (ab 1731/34) und noch danach für die Musikpflege Bedeutung hatten; das Opern-Archiv schließt auf dem Gebiet der italienischen und später der deutschsprachigen Oper zeitlich an und umfaßt den Fundus von 1765 bis nach 1900. Zu beiden Komplexen sind die Titelaufnahmen in der Datenbank RISM/A/II mit dem Fundortsigel „D Dl“ sowie eine kleine Titelzahl mit Sigel „D Ds“ vorhanden und ergänzend zu den Studien I und II zu benutzen. Hinsichtlich der Schreiber-Bestimmungen sei aber generell auf Studie III mit ihren Abbildungen verwiesen: sie repräsentieren den aktuellen Erkenntnisstand, der in den älteren Arbeiten, ausgenommen die Abbildungen zu ihnen, nicht nachgebessert wurde. Die Abbildungen in ihrer Gesamtheit, nicht zuletzt jene, die den am Dresdner Hof verwendeten Einbänden gelten, sind über die spezielle Dresdner Thematik hinaus interessant für viele europäische Bibliotheken, die seit dem 18. oder 19. Jahrhundert Musikhandschriften Dresdner Ursprungs besitzen, diesen Ursprung aber nicht mehr oder nur ungenau kennen. Der Überlieferungswert der Musikalien, deren Dresdner Herkunft anhand der Abbildungen deutlich wird, dürfte sich in den meisten Fällen gegenüber bisheriger Einschätzung erhöhenExcept for short lapses of time, the Dresden Court Orchestra (today’s Saechsische Staatskapelle Dresden) has for centuries belonged to the elite regarding the European orchestral development. As a result its repertoire and the written tradition of this repertoire are relevant to music history, but so far not completely recorded, and thus inadequately considered in research and practice. The intent of this publication is to close respective gaps. The individual contributions, designated as “Three Studies,” are dedicated to the history of a selection of the orchestra’s early music material kept by the present Saxon State and University Library (SLUB) in Dresden. As the author conceived the articles in different time periods, they represent differing phases of perception. Studies I and II, which were published in 1999 and 2002 as accompanying texts to two CD-ROM catalogs released as special editions to RISM’s catalog series A/II “Music Manuscripts after 1600,” are no longer available on the market. Therefore a digital edition was desirable, especially as it offered the possibility of integrating corrections and supplements. Study I, dedicated to the Dresden Hasse Collection, is for example supplemented by a chapter on the original bindings of the music manuscripts. The study II treating the Dresden Opera Archive was mainly complemented by additional indexes. Scribal research is a central theme of both studies. Considerably augmented in Study III, this research leads to new conclusions. For the first time the history of the Dresden court office of music scribe (to be precise: the period from 1720 to 1850) has been outlined, thereby integrating pertinent research results of other authors. New perceptions of the Dresden court music history have been achieved relating to two of its most representative aggregations of music material: The Hasse Collection comprises works of all genres significant for the practice of music during Hasse’s thirty year term of office (from 1731/34 on) and afterwards; the Opera Archive joins in the area of Italian and later German opera and includes the specific music from 1765 to after 1900. Supplementing Studies I and II, the catalog entries for both collections – library siglum “D Dl” – as well as a small number of entries with siglum “D Ds” are available in the RISM A/II database. In regard to the identification of scribes, Study III with its illustrations is pertinent: they represent the current level of perception, whereas the state of knowledge in the two older studies was not corrected, illustrations excepted. The illustrations in their entirety, not least those relating to the Dresden court bindings, are of interest beyond their Dresden-specific aspects for many European libraries which have acquired music manuscripts since the 18th or 19th centuries but are no longer or only imperfectly aware of their origin. The source value of the music manuscripts whose Dresden provenance is revealed by the illustrations should increase in most cases beyond their former evaluation
48
Landmann, Ortrun. "Über das Musikerbe der Sächsischen Staatskapelle". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-38515.
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Bis auf wenige, kurze Zeitabschnitte gehört die Dresdner Hof- (heute Staats-)kapelle seit Jahrhunderten zur Spitzengruppe bezüglich der europäischen Orchesterentwicklung. Ihr Repertoire und dessen Überlieferung sind somit von musikhistorischer Relevanz, dabei aber bislang nicht vollständig erschlossen und infolgedessen von Forschung und Praxis unzureichend wahrgenommen. Hier Lücken zu schließen, ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Publikation. Die als „Drei Studien“ bezeichneten Arbeiten widmen sich der Entstehungs- und Sammlungsgeschichte einer Auswahl von historischem Musiziergut der Kapelle, das sich in der heutigen SLUB befindet. Da mit zeitlichem Abstand entstanden, repräsentieren sie unterschiedliche Erkenntnisphasen der Autorin. Die 1999 bzw. 2002 als Begleittexte zu zwei als Sondereditionen von RISM/A/II veröffentlichten CD-ROM-Katalogen im Druck erschienenen Studien I und II sind im Handel nicht mehr greifbar, so daß ihre digitale Herausgabe wünschenswert war, zumal diese auch die Möglichkeit bot, Korrekturen und Ergänzungen einzuarbeiten. Der Text der der Dresdner Hasse-Sammlung gewidmeten Studie I wird z.B. erweitert durch ein Kapitel zu den originalen Einbänden dieser Sammlung. Zum Text der das Dresdner Opernarchiv behandelnden Studie II wurden vor allem fehlende Register hinzugefügt. Ein Zentralthema beider Arbeiten bilden die Untersuchungen zu den Schreibern der Musikalien. Diese Untersuchungen werden in Studie III erheblich erweitert und zu neuen Ergebnissen geführt. Erstmals liegt nun für die Zeit von 1720 bis 1850 der Umriß einer Geschichte des Dresdner Hofnotistenamtes vor, wobei diesbezügliche Forschungsergebnisse anderer Autoren eingearbeitet sind. Neue Einblicke in die Dresdner höfische Musikgeschichte ließen sich für zwei ihrer repräsentativsten Überlieferungskomplexe gewinnen: die Hasse-Sammlung umfaßt Werke aller Gattungen, die während Hasses 30jährigem Wirken (ab 1731/34) und noch danach für die Musikpflege Bedeutung hatten; das Opern-Archiv schließt auf dem Gebiet der italienischen und später der deutschsprachigen Oper zeitlich an und umfaßt den Fundus von 1765 bis nach 1900. Zu beiden Komplexen sind die Titelaufnahmen in der Datenbank RISM/A/II mit dem Fundortsigel „D Dl“ sowie eine kleine Titelzahl mit Sigel „D Ds“ vorhanden und ergänzend zu den Studien I und II zu benutzen. Hinsichtlich der Schreiber-Bestimmungen sei aber generell auf Studie III mit ihren Abbildungen verwiesen: sie repräsentieren den aktuellen Erkenntnisstand, der in den älteren Arbeiten, ausgenommen die Abbildungen zu ihnen, nicht nachgebessert wurde. Die Abbildungen in ihrer Gesamtheit, nicht zuletzt jene, die den am Dresdner Hof verwendeten Einbänden gelten, sind über die spezielle Dresdner Thematik hinaus interessant für viele europäische Bibliotheken, die seit dem 18. oder 19. Jahrhundert Musikhandschriften Dresdner Ursprungs besitzen, diesen Ursprung aber nicht mehr oder nur ungenau kennen. Der Überlieferungswert der Musikalien, deren Dresdner Herkunft anhand der Abbildungen deutlich wird, dürfte sich in den meisten Fällen gegenüber bisheriger Einschätzung erhöhenExcept for short lapses of time, the Dresden Court Orchestra (today’s Saechsische Staatskapelle Dresden) has for centuries belonged to the elite regarding the European orchestral development. As a result its repertoire and the written tradition of this repertoire are relevant to music history, but so far not completely recorded, and thus inadequately considered in research and practice. The intent of this publication is to close respective gaps. The individual contributions, designated as “Three Studies,” are dedicated to the history of a selection of the orchestra’s early music material kept by the present Saxon State and University Library (SLUB) in Dresden. As the author conceived the articles in different time periods, they represent differing phases of perception. Studies I and II, which were published in 1999 and 2002 as accompanying texts to two CD-ROM catalogs released as special editions to RISM’s catalog series A/II “Music Manuscripts after 1600,” are no longer available on the market. Therefore a digital edition was desirable, especially as it offered the possibility of integrating corrections and supplements. Study I, dedicated to the Dresden Hasse Collection, is for example supplemented by a chapter on the original bindings of the music manuscripts. The study II treating the Dresden Opera Archive was mainly complemented by additional indexes. Scribal research is a central theme of both studies. Considerably augmented in Study III, this research leads to new conclusions. For the first time the history of the Dresden court office of music scribe (to be precise: the period from 1720 to 1850) has been outlined, thereby integrating pertinent research results of other authors. New perceptions of the Dresden court music history have been achieved relating to two of its most representative aggregations of music material: The Hasse Collection comprises works of all genres significant for the practice of music during Hasse’s thirty year term of office (from 1731/34 on) and afterwards; the Opera Archive joins in the area of Italian and later German opera and includes the specific music from 1765 to after 1900. Supplementing Studies I and II, the catalog entries for both collections – library siglum “D Dl” – as well as a small number of entries with siglum “D Ds” are available in the RISM A/II database. In regard to the identification of scribes, Study III with its illustrations is pertinent: they represent the current level of perception, whereas the state of knowledge in the two older studies was not corrected, illustrations excepted. The illustrations in their entirety, not least those relating to the Dresden court bindings, are of interest beyond their Dresden-specific aspects for many European libraries which have acquired music manuscripts since the 18th or 19th centuries but are no longer or only imperfectly aware of their origin. The source value of the music manuscripts whose Dresden provenance is revealed by the illustrations should increase in most cases beyond their former evaluation
49
Dispersyn, Eléonore. "Kant, Fichte, Schelling: essai sur la nature du mal". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210810.
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Progression d'un concept, le mal radical, dans trois textes :La Religion dans les limites de la simple raison (Kant), Le système de l'Ethique (Fichte), et Le Traité de 1809 (Schelling). Origine ultime du mal :libre arbitre ou détermination ?Responsabilité et liberté du mal. Mal moral et métaphysique du mal/ Advance of a concept: radical evil, in three readings: Religion within the Limits of Mere Reason (Kant), System of Ethics (Fichte), and Treatise of 1809 (Schelling).Ultimate origin of evil: free will or determination? Responsibility and freedom to evil. Moral evil and metaphysics of evil.Doctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Schneider, Marlen. "„Belle comme Vénus‟ : das portrait historié zwischen Grand Siècle und Zeitalter der Aufklärung". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20031.
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Très apprécié et répandu pendant la deuxième moitié du XVIIe siècle et les premières décennies du XVIIIe, le portrait historié fut un phénomène caractéristique de la société de cour, révélateur des pratiques artistiques et culturelles de ce milieu. Partout en Europe et surtout en France, l’élite sociale se faisait peindre en costume de fantaisie mythologique ou historique par des peintres célèbres tels que Nicolas de Largillierre, Pierre Gobert, François de Troy, Jean-Marc Nattier ou Jean Raoux. Figurant encore parmi les desiderata de l’histoire de l’art, l’étude scientifique exhaustive du portrait historié peut toutefois contribuer à la recherche sur le portrait français de l’Ancien Régime en général. Afin de définir la place particulière qui prenait ce type de portrait dans le monde artistique, culturel et sociale de l’époque, nous avons établi une historiographie qui tient compte 1) des innovations iconographiques et formelles du genre, 2) des rapports culturels changeants de ces portraits, 3) de leurs fonctions sociales, et 4) des réactions du public et de la critique d’art à partir du milieu du XVIIIe siècle. Face au discours des Lumières et avec la crise de la monarchie absolutiste en France, ses expressions culturelles et artistiques perdirent leur légitimation, et notamment le portrait historié, étroitement lié aux principes mêmes et aux convictions de la société de courThe portrait historié was one of the most characteristic and revealing phenomena of French court society, closely relying on this particular milieu’s artistic and cultural practices, and was thus very much appreciated during the second half of the seventeenth century and the first decades of the eighteenth century. Members of the social elites all over Europe and especially in France chose to sit in mythological or historicized costumes for renowned artists such as Nicolas de Largillierre, Pierre Gobert, François de Troy, Jean-Marc Nattier or Jean Raoux. An extensive study of this particular kind of portraiture, which is still one of the desiderata in art historical research, might generally contribute to scientific research on French portraits from the Ancien Régime. In order to define the artistic, cultural and social impact and status of portraits historiés, the thesis examines the institutional, iconographic and formal evolution of the genre, its cultural context and influences, its social functions, as well as its reception in 18th century public sphere and especially in the context of enlightened discourse. Resulting from the moral and esthetic principles of court society, these cultural and artistic expressions derived from the absolutist French monarchy lost their legitimation during a period of political and social change and revolution