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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Pakistan. Army – History”

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Data publikacji: 29 lipca 2024
Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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1

Cohen, Stephen P., and Brian Cloughley. "A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections." Journal of Military History 64, no. 2 (2000): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/120322.

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Vorobiev, V. V. "ROLE OF THE ARMY IN MODERN PAKISTAN." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(36) (June 28, 2014): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-3-36-156-164.

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The article studies the political development of the country in the modern period. Special attention is paid to the position of the army and its role in the Pakistani society. The article explores in detail the processes of gradual distancing of the army from politics and strengthening of civil society institutions. It is the first time in the Pakistani history that the civilian government managed to complete its full five-year constitutional term. Meanwhile, the country has been advancing on the path to democracy even after the elections 2013: a new civilian government has been formed in Paki
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Shamim, Muhammad Usman, Saira Iqbal, and Muhammad Shoaib. "Socio-Economic Requisites of Democracy: A Historical Analysis of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan." Global Economics Review VIII, no. I (2023): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).02.

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This article thoroughly examines the socio-economic requisites of democracy in Pakistan in the context of history. It also discusses the social and economic difficulties faced by Pakistan's due to the uneven transition of democracy. The objective of the research is to evaluate the element related to democratic change and moreover, it investigates the variables connected with Pakistan's democracy decline. This article is descriptive and analytic in nature. Secondary sources such as books, research papers, newspaper articles and reports are used for the collection of data. The findings suggest t
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Ankit, Rakesh. "Mountbatten, Auchinleck and the End of the British Indian Army: August–November 1947." Britain and the World 12, no. 2 (2019): 172–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2019.0325.

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Juxtaposing the private papers of Louis Mountbatten and Claude Auchinleck, this article seeks to shed light on the most influential factor in the reconstitution of the British Indian Army into the Indian and Pakistani armies, namely, the two men's worsening relationship between April and November 1947, in view of what each saw as the other's partisan position, and its consequences: the closure of Auchinleck's office and his departure from India. In doing so, it brings to the fore another aspect of that fraught period of transition, at the end of which the British Indian Empire was transformed
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Sultana, Summer, and Nuzhat Jahan. "SACKING OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS IN PAKISTAN: A CRITICAL REVIEW." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 57, no. 1 (2018): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v57i1.110.

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A commonly accepted definition of the democracy is; “Rule of the majority by the supreme power vested in the people and exercised by them directly”. The democratic government may remain in power until and unless people repose the confidence over it. In Pakistan the main reason of failure of the democracy is that, it is generally against the social behavior of Pakistan. Just because of this the democracy could not come around in Pakistan, yet people cannot be incriminated for the same. The history is witnessed that Pakistani people had supported all social movements having collective ambitions
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Kuszewska, Agnieszka. "Naya Pakistan?" Politeja 17, no. 1(64) (2020): 295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.17.2020.64.15.

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Naya Pakistan? The Selected Issues of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy in View of the Transformations in the Regional Security
 The Islamic Republic of Pakistan faces many internal and external challenges and remains a major point of reference in contemporary international security analysis. This article examines selected issues relating to Pakistan’s foreign policy contextualized within the transformations in the security dynamics of South Asia. The specificity of the security environment in South Asia, the least politically and economically integrated region of the world, engaged in the protra
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Al-Mubarak, Tawfique. "Sarmila Bose, Dead Reckoning: Memories of the 1971 Bangladesh War." ICR Journal 4, no. 3 (2013): 472–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v4i3.470.

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In 1971, by a devastating war, Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) achieved independence from (West) Pakistan. Since then, both parties have documented and presented their research findings on the war. However, many of these findings have lacked credibility. Perhaps the only objective account on the 1971 war has been Richard Sisson and Leo Rose’s War and Secession: Pakistan, India and the Creation of Bangladesh (1991). Sarmila Bose’s recent work, Dead Reckoning, today constitutes a significant contribution to the research on Bangladesh’s war of independence, all the more so for its unique methodol
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Parray, Tauseef Ahmad. "UNDERSTANDING PAKISTAN THROUGH LITERATURE: AN APPRAISAL OF SOME RECENT WORKS." Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion 4, no. 01 (2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v4i01.778.

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Pakistan, the second most populous Muslim country after Indonesia, came into existence on 14th August, 1947, after the division of ‘British ruled’ India (into India and Pakistan). From its inception to present, Pakistan covers a tumultuous history of over seven decades (1947-2019). Among the South Asian countries, no quantum of scholarship has been produced on any country—its history, religion (and religious ideology), politics, society, economy, and other inter-related issue—than Pakistan. This has continued in the last as well as present century. From 2010 onwards, numerous works have been p
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9

Asgher, Muhammad Faizan, and Shabnam Gul. "Intelligence Cooperation and National Security Shift of Pakistan." Global Political Review VI, no. I (2021): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(vi-i).09.

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The concept of intelligence cooperation and national security is not new, particularly after realism which interpreted these concepts with different perspectives. International states are sovereign, and they got the capacity to secure themselves from internal and external threats, i.e., army is a key to state security as it can attack the enemy to protect its borders. States are not all the time hostiles, but after 9/11, the concept of national security with refers to intelligence cooperation is a highly debatable issue. This paper study the concept of intelligence cooperation with reference t
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Mookherjee, Nayanika. "‘Occupying’ the womb: Disrupted kinship futures and sovereign logics in sexual violence during wars." Critique of Anthropology 43, no. 4 (2023): 422–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x231216250.

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This article seeks to ethnographically highlight the multiple uses of gene/alogy (as explored by Franklin and McKinnon in the 2000s) in the context of the Bangladesh war of 1971, and hence maps out the range of violence and ambivalences at the heart of kinship. It aims to do so by exploring the process through which disrupted kinship futures are seen as a cornerstone for discourses of war and sovereign practices to justify sexual violence during wars. The formation of Bangladesh in 1971 coincided with the rape of 200,000 (contested and official numbers) Bengali women perpetrated by the Pakista
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Shah, Jamal, Zahir Shah, and Syed Ali Shah. "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections." Global Political Review VI, no. I (2021): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(vi-i).13.

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Though Pakistani politics is heavily influenced by religion assumed to be the reason d'etat of the creation of Pakistan, prior to 2002, religious, political parties had never achieved effective electoral results. The October 2002 elections for the National and Provincial Assemblies were a turning point for the religious, political parties in the history of Pakistan. It was the first time that a conglomeration of six religious, political parties, the Jamaat-i-Islami, the Jamiat-i-Ulema-iPakistan (JUP-N), Jamiat-i-Ahle Hadith (JAH-S), the Jamiat-Ulema-iIslam (JUI-F), Jamiat-Ulema-i-Islam (JUI-S)
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12

Khan, Sanaullah. "Book review: Maria Rashid. 2020. Dying to Serve: Militarism, Affect and the Politics of Sacrifice in the Pakistan Army." Journal of South Asian Development 16, no. 2 (2021): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09731741211025356.

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Farooq, Muhammad Anwar, Muhammad Sadiq, Ehsan Ali, and Waheed Shahzad. "The Afghan Crisis and its Implications for Pakistan (2014-2021)." Journal of Policy Research 10, no. 2 (2024): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.61506/02.00234.

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Afghanistan's geostrategic and geopolitical position has made it a major participant in Asian geopolitics. Since the ancient Silk Road, it has served as a crossroads between the Middle East, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Because of its strategic position and shared borders with six other countries, including Iran, Pakistan, China, and Turkmenistan, it has become a flashpoint for regional tensions and opportunities for collaboration. As a result, Afghanistan's role and position in Asia have been significantly altered after the Soviet disengagement from the Afghan Civil War. As a re
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14

Sultan, Shazia, and Tahira Jabeen. "Changing Facetsof Judicial Activism in Pakistan." Review of Education, Administration & LAW 3, no. 3 (2020): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/real.v3i3.75.

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This paper deals with the troublesome history of Pakistan Judiciary in comparative perspective. The judicial restraint showed by the superior courts in the initial phase of Pakistan’s emergence and its failure in the enactment of extra-constitutional deeds of Military Generals and executive heads that troubled the smooth political and constitutional progress has been highlighted. The paper throws light on the struggle of the Judiciary for its independent status in the defiance of the military establishment in 2007 that catapulted the Judiciary as main stakeholder in the governmental power stru
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Rooh ul Amin, Dr. Ghulam Muhammad Awan, and Afzal Mahmood. "PAK–US Relations: Paradoxes & Enigmas during War on Terror." sjesr 3, no. 3 (2020): 408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss3-2020(408-414).

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Pakistan –USA relations with the punctuated history of over seventy years roller-coaster motion have passed through phases of intense engagement to era of sanctions and betrayal during the Cold war, followed by spells of distrust, suspicions, and discord during the War against Terror. The intensity of close relations of the 50s and 60s shifted from one extreme to that of complete ignorance in the 70s, followed by urgent marrying up during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and turning in to a most sanctioned Ally after soviet withdrawal. 9/11 served as another anchorage once again for the two
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Gohar, Lubna, Umbreen Ahmed, Nadeem Zafar, Mansoor Wahid, Shoaib bin Aleem, and Shazia Junaid. "Comparison of Serum Visfatin Levels in Post-Menopausal Pakistani Women with and Without Breast Carcinoma." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 73, no. 6 (2023): 1858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v73i6.6929.

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Objective: To compare serum Visfatin levels in Pakistani post-menopausal women having breast carcinoma with healthy women. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Physiology Department, Army Medical College, in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Dec 2019 to Dec 2020. Methodology: Eighty post-menopausal Pakistani women were included, out of which forty women were post-menopausal newly diagnosed and histologically confirmed cases of breast carcinoma awaiting their treatment. Menopause was confirmed through inte
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Ghaffar, Sunia, Nasir Uddin, Samia Ghaffar, Hala Haq, Izza Nawab, and Bushra Ghaffar. "Trends of Erythrocyte Alloimmunization in Transfused Women." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 6 (2022): 1986–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i6.7174.

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Objective: To identify the trends of red cell alloimmunization in multi-transfused females using red blood cell panels.Study design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College and Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion with the collaboration of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Aug 2018.
 Methodology: Blood samples of 75 females with prior history of blood transfusion were collected from Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, selected by a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. After pilot diagnostic
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Waseem, Hafsa, Afnan Naeem, Sakhawat Ali, Sharjeel Sarfraz, Javaid Usman, and Mehreen Gilani. "MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) FOR THE DETECTION OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AND THE QUINOLONE RESISTANCE GENE IN PAKISTAN." PAFMJ 71, no. 3 (2021): 866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i3.4692.

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Objective: To detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae from the urine of male patients reporting with active urethral discharge using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). And the simultaneous detection of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) on the Neisseria gonorrhoeae gene using multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
 Study Design: Cross sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Dec 2018.
 Methodology: Male patients with active urethral discharge with no past history of antibiotic use for
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19

Paul, T. V. "The Army and Democracy: Military Politics in Pakistan. By Aqil Shah. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014. Pp. xiii, 416. $35.00.)." Historian 78, no. 1 (2016): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12116.

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Jalal, Ayesha. "Inheriting the Raj: Jinnah and the Governor-Generalship Issue." Modern Asian Studies 19, no. 1 (1985): 29–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00014542.

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In 1947 the British partitioned India and transferred power to two separate Dominions. Partition, however, did not mean the division of India between two ‘successor’ states. ‘India’ inherited British India's unitary centre, while ‘Pakistan’ consisted of areas with Muslim majorities which were merely seen as ‘contracting out’ of the ‘Union of India’. Congress's inheritance of the existing union centre gave it effective control over the joint assets of the two Dominions. The notion of a common Governor-General was, on the face of it, intended to safeguard Pakistan's share in the division of asse
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Shackle, Samira. "Under the watchful eye of the army: Elections are approaching in Pakistan, and the army has the nation’s journalists and bloggers in its sights." Index on Censorship 47, no. 2 (2018): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306422018784512.

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Dr Md Nasir Uddin. "Bangabandhu and Islamic Values: Manifestations and Effects." Dhaka University Arabic Journal 23, no. 26 (2024): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.62295/mazallah.v23i26.69.

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Bangabandhu (1920-1795) Seikh Mujibur Rahman, the architect of Bangladesh and the Father of the nation, was born on 17 March 1920, in the village of Tungipara of patagati union under the Gopalganj district. His parents used to affectionately call him ‘Khoka’. He spent his childhood in Tungipara. Seikh Mujib married Seikh Fazilatunnesa at the age of 18. In 1940, he joined “All India Muslim Students Federation”. Before that in 1938, he was introduced with Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy while he came to visit the Gopalganj Missionary school. After the partition of India, he founded “East Pakistan Musl
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Shackle, C. "Stephen P. Cohen: The Pakistan army. ix, 177 pp. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London.: University of California Press, 1984. £22." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 49, no. 2 (1986): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00024460.

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Hisam, Aliya, Syed Fawad Mashhadi, Amna Kaneez Fatima Raja, et al. "Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Pain among the Medical Students of Rawalpindi." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, SUPPL-4 (2023): S919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72isuppl-4.9838.

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Objective: To find the frequency and risk factors associated with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among the medical students of Rawalpindi. 
 Study Design: Analytical cross-sectional study
 Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College students, Rawalpindi Pakistan, were enrolled from Mar 2022 to Jul 2022.
 Methodology: An online, self-administered, altered version of the standardized Nordic Questionnaire was distributed among the students of Army Medical College, Foundation Medical University and Rawalpindi Medical University. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS-25. Frequencies an
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Weiss, Anita M. "Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within. By Shuja Nawaz. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2008. xliv, 586 pp. $34.95 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 68, no. 02 (2009): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911809001119.

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Mujahid, Maheen, Saadia Younus, Yumna Ali, and Noman Ali Khattak. "OCCURRENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN ARMY RECRUITS DURING MILITARY TRAINING." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 11, no. 1 (2022): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.11.1/006.

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BACKGROUND AND AIM Musculoskeletal injuries are common in recruits during basic military training that cause a substantial loss of man power, working days, medical costs for treatment and increase the risk of attrition. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of injurers and associated risk factors among Pakistan Army recruits during military training. METHODOLOGY A cross sectional study was conducted on 370 Army recruits. Non-probability convenience sampling method was used to enroll male military recruits with age of 18 years or more undergoing training in air defense center. A self-ad
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Chakravorty, PK. "Sino-Indian War of 1962." Indian Historical Review 44, no. 2 (2017): 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0376983617726649.

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More than half a century has elapsed since China and India fought a War in October–November 1962. The War saw the Chinese Army coming out with flying colours. India as a nation was shocked and had to strain every sinew to reorganise itself to win the ensuing wars with Pakistan in 1965 and 1971. There are many questions as regards the causes of the War, the events which preceded the conflict and what actually happened that led to the debacle. The article addresses these issues comprehensively and analyses the War in detail. Overall it was a failure to assess the Chinese threat in correct perspe
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SARKAR, ABHIJIT. "Fed by Famine: The Hindu Mahasabha's politics of religion, caste, and relief in response to the Great Bengal Famine, 1943–1944." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 6 (2020): 2022–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x19000192.

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AbstractThis article demonstrates how the Great Bengal Famine of 1943–1944 and relief activism during it fed the politics of the Hindu right, a development that has not previously received much scholarly attention. Using hitherto unused primary sources, the article introduces a novel site to the study of communal politics, namely, the propagation of Hindu communalism through food distribution during a humanitarian crisis. It examines the caste and class bias in private relief and provides the first in-depth study of the multifaceted process whereby the Hindu Mahasabha used the famine for polit
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Talbot, Ian. "SAFETY FIRST: THE SECURITY OF BRITONS IN INDIA, 1946–1947." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 23 (November 19, 2013): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440113000091.

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ABSTRACTA month into his viceroyalty, Lord Mountbatten took time out from sounding Indian political opinion about independence to discuss the future security of British residents with his provincial governors. By this stage, the concerns stemmed from fears of a general breakdown in law and order and Hindu–Muslim conflict rather than nationalist assault. Detailed plans were developed for a sea-borne evacuation. In the event, the only Britons who were evacuated were those airlifted from Srinagar in November 1947 as they were in the path of an invasion of the disputed Kashmir territory by Pakhtun
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Acharjee, Sushrita. "The Poetics of Borderlands: Reflections on Oral Folk Poetry from Assam’s Barak Valley during Bangladesh Liberation War." IAFOR Journal of Arts & Humanities 10, no. 1 (2023): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijah.10.1.09.

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In 1971, the civil war in the Pakistani state and consequent genocide in present Bangladesh (erstwhile East Pakistan) led to a great influx of refugees who were desperately crossing the porous borderlands of the eastern states of India. Despite the abject living conditions in the saturated refugee camps and the stringent regimentation of the youth camps and muktijoddhā (Liberation Warrior) training sectors in West Bengal, Tripura and Assam borderlands, the space inhabited by the refugees was charged with powerful national imaginaries laced with an eclectic blend of emotions – resistance, hope,
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Pamment, Claire. "Dying to Serve: Militarism, Affect, and the Politics of Sacrifice in the Pakistan Army. By Maria Rashid. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2020. 267 pp. ISBN: 9781503611986 (paper)." Journal of Asian Studies 80, no. 4 (2021): 1112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911821001935.

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Fair, C. Christine. "The Army and Democracy: Military Politics in Pakistan. By Aqil Shah . Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014. 416 pp. ISBN: 9780674728936 (cloth). - Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy since Independence. By Steven I. Wilkinson . Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2015. 304 pp. ISBN: 9780674728806 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 76, no. 1 (2017): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911816001923.

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Riaz, Isma, Amir Rashid, and Asifa Majeed. "Demographic analysis of hearing impairment based on various parameters in patients with cochlear implant." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 74, no. 4 (2024): 476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.8708.

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Objective: To analyse the demographic and clinical variables in children having undergone cochlear implant surgery because of deafness. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January to November 2022at the Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, in collaboration with the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, and comprised children of eith gender aged up to 10 years who had received cochlear implant. Data was collecte
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Goulding, Gregory. "A tale of a tyre: National space, infrastructure, and narration in S. H. Vatsyayan’s ‘Parśurām se tūrxam’." Modern Asian Studies 57, no. 5 (2023): 1530–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x22000105.

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AbstractThe Second World War, although rarely an explicit topic in Hindi literature, was a crucial moment not only in articulating the politics of the nationalist movement, but in imagining new configurations of national and international space. This article considers a brief travelogue by the poet and novelist S. H. Vatsyayan ‘Agyeya’ that describes a journey from Assam to the borders of Afghanistan. Although purportedly a description of travel across a historical and mythic landscape of then-undivided India, Are yāyāvar rahegā yād? [Oh Wanderer, will you Remember?] unfolds in the final momen
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Mushtaq, Iffat, Amir Rashid Amir Rashid, Asifa Majeed Asifa Majeed, Isma Riaz Isma Riaz, Zunaira Ali Baig Zunaira Ali Baig, and Anoshia Javaid. "Association of serum IL12 with clinical and biochemical parameters in a cohort of diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients on oral conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 74, no. 2 (2024): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.9254.

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Objective: To determine the association of serum interleukin-12 levels with disease progression in active rheumatoid arthritis patients on oral conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Methods: The case-control study was conducted at the Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with the Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to December 2022, and comprised rheumatoid arthritis patients or either gender aged 18-75 years who were placed in group I, while group II comprised healthy controls. Demographic and clinical data was noted, and 2
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f, f. "The Relations Between Pakistan and China." Asia Social Science Academy 11, no. 2 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51600/jass.2023.11.2.1.

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Pakistan and China are exemplary friends and their friendship has laid down indelible imprints on the sand of time. the geographical proximity and mutuality of interest are the key features to promote bilateral relations. Pakistan and China assisted each other in different sectors to strengthen their friendship bond. Pakistan and China have a deep-rooted strategic partnership that spans several decades. This partnership is based on shared interests and mutual trust. Both countries have consistently supported each other on various international issues. Economic cooperation is a cornerstone of t
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Kryzhko, Evgeniy. "Features of the Activities of Political Agents in the Tribal Area of the North-West Frontier Province of British India (1919–1939)." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2023): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080024885-0.

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The special form of government of the North-West Frontier Province, analyzed in the article, was established through the interaction of British political agents with local tribes. The territory under consideration was characterized by a high level of instability, which they tried to neutralize by creating a multi-level management system, as well as establishing parity among local elites with British mediation as an arbiter. The administrative system formed by agents has survived, territorially related to modern Pakistan, with its characteristic problems, which is presented as the historical ex
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38

Naeem, Afnan. "CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION IN PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE PATIENTS – A SNAP SHOT." Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 32, no. 3 (2023): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v32i3.159.

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Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted infection which due to its asymptomatic nature remains undiagnosed and presents as pelvic inflammatory disease in females. The objective of the study is to find prevalence and risk factors associated with positive testing of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease visiting a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Microbiology, Army Medical College/ National University of Medical Sciences from March 2019 to Septemb
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39

Rahman, Mahmudur. "Evaluation of Pakistani Challenge to Indian Hegemonic Ambition: A Look into History." Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 5, no. 2 (2022): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v5n2p1.

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South Asia is the largest region in the world in terms of population and India is the most dominant power among the eight member states that comprise the region, two of which possess nuclear weapons. The region is widely regarded as potential conflict zone because of the historic rivalry between India and Pakistan. As the British exited from the subcontinent, India aspired to inherit the hegemonic pole position of the colonial power as its successor. But refusal of nuclear Pakistan, the second most powerful state in South Asia to surrender to the Indian material superiority resulted in the con
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40

Rahman, Mahmudur. "Evaluation of Pakistani Challenge to Indian Hegemonic Ambition: A Look into History." Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 5, no. 2 (2022): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v5n2p1.

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South Asia is the largest region in the world in terms of population and India is the most dominant power among the eight member states that comprise the region, two of which possess nuclear weapons. The region is widely regarded as potential conflict zone because of the historic rivalry between India and Pakistan. As the British exited from the subcontinent, India aspired to inherit the hegemonic pole position of the colonial power as its successor. But refusal of nuclear Pakistan, the second most powerful state in South Asia to surrender to the Indian material superiority resulted in the con
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41

Vernigora, A., and G. Makarevich. "Evolution and Prospects of Turkiye–Azerbaijan–Pakistan Scalene Triangle." World Economy and International Relations 67, no. 9 (2023): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-9-79-89.

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The article concentrates on historic prerequisites of Turkiye–Azerbaijan–Pakistan triangle with special emphasis on two vibrant tracks: Turkiye–Azerbaijan relations before the establishment of the USSR and Turkiye–Pakistan relations during the Cold War. Combined, these tracks shape the basis for the present triangle. The authors trace the triangle’s history back to the establishment of Azerbaijan’s independence and cover crucial spheres of cooperation between the nations: political interaction and their shared stance on security problems such as Nagorno-Karabakh, Kashmir, the Cyprus issue, as
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42

Ahmed, Sidra, Samreen Bari, and Rizwana Jabeen. "WOMEN IN PAKISTAN- SOCIAL MOBILITY, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND EMPOWERMENT." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 60, no. 1 (2021): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v60i1.426.

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The word Development is devious and captivating, however, the development path is perplexed. In most cases, the governments try to attain economic, military, technological, and infrastructural development, whereas, the power centers evade investing and working on issues of Human Development. The governments of countries like Pakistan strive to shuffle the attentiveness of the world by spending a huge amount on building the roads, on bridges, and transportation and in maximization of arms and ammunition. Human development in Pakistan has always been neglected due to various reasons. A huge popu
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43

Iqtidar, Humeira. "War-Weary Pakistan's Internal Divides." Current History 114, no. 771 (2015): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2015.114.771.130.

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[T]he decade and a half of demands placed on the army since the start of the war have opened up a growing chasm within the ranks that is beginning to threaten its viability as the main arm of American influence …
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44

Ahmed, Ashfaq, Sadaf Ghayoor, and Abdul Ghafar. "UNDERSTANDING INDIA-PAKISTAN NUCLEAR WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGES FOR THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT)." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 02 (2022): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i2.462.

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This paper aims at investigating whether nuclear developments in South Asia challenge the Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT)? New Delhi and Islamabad have distinct nuclear weapons programmes both are tangled. South Asian nuclearization helps readership understand that states faced with existential threats mange to overcome technological challenges and acquire fissile material to develop nuclear weapons. South Asian nuclear proliferation enables arms control and disarmament activists to analyse, comprehend and draw lessons to strengthen disarmament efforts and prevent future nuclear proliferation.
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45

Mubariz Khan, Sultan, Saiqa Hanif, and Shumaila Rafique. "Pak-U.S. Relations: An Analysis of Major Challenges (Post-9/11)." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. III (2020): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(v-iii).31.

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The Pak-U.S. relations have been through many ups and downs throughout the history of Pakistan. For most of the time during the cold war, relations remained either warm or normal except for some short periods. The ties went down the slope after the cold war and towards the onset of the twenty-first century. In addition to some drastic shifts in the regional and global political scenario, the incident of 9/11 proved a watershed for Pak-U.S. ties as well. Pakistan's decision to stand with America and her allies provided an opportunity for both the states to improve bilateral ties. Key challenges
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46

Fajria, Rayhana. "Menilai Potensi Perang dibalik Kepemilikan Nuklir India dan Pakistan." Nation State Journal of International Studies 1, no. 2 (2018): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.2018v1i2.131.

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India and Pakistan are two nuclear ownership that flank Kashmir. Claims against Kashmir territory and their history sparked long debate between countries. The conflict became one of the main roots of why India and Pakistan still continue to increase their nuclear power. Conflict continues to heat up creating such an arms race which makes both of them consider the existence of a potential big threat to their sovereignty. In analyzing the issue, this article examine the use of the deterrence theory, where this theory says there are several factors that are important conditions in seeing the poss
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Ansari, Wafa Munir, Abdul Khaliq Naveed, and Dilshad Ahmed Khan. "PREMATURE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 11 (2015): 1428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.11.920.

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Introduction: Genetic information which is specific to an individual has thepotential to improve Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk prediction. 13 CAD risk SNPs wereselected by removing SNPs in loci which had not been identified in CARDIoGRAMplusC4DGWAS. Linkage disequilibrium patterns differ between ethnic groups pointing towards theneed to investigate how the gene score would perform in different populations which is stilllargely unknown. Objective of the study was to investigate whether the 13 SNP CAD risk genescore has a role in the risk prediction of Pakistani Premature Coronary Artery Di
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48

Katz, Mark N. "Less-Than-Great Expectations: The Pakistani-Russian Rapprochement." Current History 104, no. 680 (2005): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.680.137.

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The expansion of Pakistani-Russian ties to include a significant arms relationship appears to depend on a deterioration in the Russian-Indian relationship that Moscow will not initiate and desperately wants to avoid.
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Ahmad, Zahoor, Kinza Anwar, Umaira Naz, Khizra Tariq, Mah Noor, and Junaid Anwar. "Prevalence of musculoskeletal impairment in traffic police of District Swabi, Pakistan." LIAQUAT MEDICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL 3, no. 3 (2021): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.38106/lmrj.2021.3.3-04.

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The number of vehicles has been increasing out of proportion for the capacity of road infrastructure in particular in developing countries. The duty of a traffic police officer includes the implementation of daily traffic regulations. This involves long-standing hours and also particular repeated body movements. There is limited literature available on the musculoskeletal disorders develop among traffic police. Therefore this study was designed to include 219 traffic police officers from 23 traffic booths of district Swabi, Pakistan. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and Corn
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50

Khalid, Ammara, Sara Aslam, Mehboob Ahmed, Shahida Hasnain, and Aimen Aslam. "Risk assessment of FLT3 and PAX5 variants in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case–control study in a Pakistani cohort." PeerJ 7 (September 10, 2019): e7195. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7195.

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AIMS B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is amongst the most prevalent cancers of children in Pakistan. Genetic variations in FLT3 are associated with auto-phosphorylation of kinase domain that leads to increased proliferation of blast cells. Paired box family of transcription factor (PAX5) plays a critical role in commitment and differentiation of B-cells. Variations in PAX5 are associated with the risk of B-ALL. We aimed to analyze the association of FLT3 and PAX5 polymorphisms with B cell leukemia in Pakistani cohort. METHODS We collected 155 B-ALL subject and 155 control blood samp
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