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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Pako”

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Data publikacji: 26 lipca 2024

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1

Pandey, Pramod Kumar, Ramkrishna Samanta, and Raj Narain Singh Yadav. "Plant Beneficial Endophytic Bacteria from the Ethnomedicinal Mussaenda roxburghii (Akshap) of Eastern Himalayan Province, India." Advances in Biology 2015 (November 23, 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/580510.

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Mussaenda roxburghii are very important ethnomedicinal plant, used for its various applications from the ancient period. The role of their associated plant beneficial endophytic bacteria was evaluated, which were previously untapped. Among the isolates, PAK6 was identified as efficient phosphate solubilizer, quantified by the molybdenum blue method. Four isolates PAK1, PAK2, PAK3, and PAK8 were able to synthesize significant level of IAA in the presence and absence of tryptophan. Isolates PAK1 and PAK9 were able to produce siderophore on CAS agar media, PAK2 and PAK9 were able to produce HCN,
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2

Rantala, Pälvi, and Leena-Maija Rossi. "Pako pohjoiseen ja pohjoisesta." Lähikuva – audiovisuaalisen kulttuurin tieteellinen julkaisu 33, no. 2 (2020): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23994/lk.97381.

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Vuonna 2015 Eurooppaan pyrki Lähi-idästä ja Pohjois-Afrikasta historiallisen suuri joukko turvapaikanhakijoita, pakolaisia ja siirtolaisia. Osa heistä päätyi suuntaamaan Suomeen Pohjois-Ruotsin ja Venäjän rajojen yli. Lapin sodan aikaan, vuonna 1944, pakolaisvirta kulki toiseen suuntaan: Suomesta Ruotsiin. Artikkeli tarkastelee taideteosta, jossa rinnastetaan nämä kaksi aikatasoa ja tapahtumakulkua.Minna Rainion ja Mark Robertsin lyhytelokuva They Came in Crowded Boats and Trains (2017 Suomi) kuvaa ”pohjoista” osin uudesta näkökulmasta. Elokuvan päähenkilöt, reaalielämässään itse turvapaikanha
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Sumantri, Hariyadi, Martinus Tukiran, and Sufrin Hannan. "Using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM Model) to Increase Effectiveness the Use of Human Resource Information System (HRIS)." Jurnal Manajemen 14, no. 3 (2023): 344–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v14i3.14492.

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Studies related to HRIS Applications show that the Technology Acceptance Model can be used to increase the use of HRIS Applications in a company. This research aims to test and reveal empirical factors that influence using the HRIS-Pakoku Application in the Pako Group. The two direct factors are perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and the indirect factor is a behavioural intention to use. This research was conducted at Pako Group using a questionnaire survey method, and samples were taken using the proposed stratified random sampling technique of 138 employees using HRIS at Pako Gr
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Noori, Mohammad Asif, Nasir Ahmad Sarwary, and Sayed Ibrahim Farkhary. "Evaluation of the Physicochemical Properties of Different Imported Milk Brands Offered in Afghanistan Markets." Journal of Natural Science Review 2, no. 1 (2024): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v2i1.41.

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Milk is an enriched food that humans widely consume. It is the source of many nutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. The content of high-quality milk should match that of natural milk and national and international standards. In the current study, the quality of selected imported milk brands (Pak1, Pak2, Pak3, Pak4, and Ir1) and local cow milk in the markets of Kabul City was evaluated. For this purpose, the levels of protein, fat, total solid, solid not fat, acidity, pH, and specific gravity were measured. Data analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test
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5

Maude, George. "Lackman, Matti. Sotavankien pako. Muurmanin ratatyömaalta 1915–1918 (review)." Slavonic and East European Review 92, no. 1 (2014): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.2014.0128.

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6

McCarty, Samantha K., Motoyasu Saji, Xiaoli Zhang, et al. "Group I p21-activated kinases regulate thyroid cancer cell migration and are overexpressed and activated in thyroid cancer invasion." Endocrine-Related Cancer 17, no. 4 (2010): 989–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-10-0168.

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p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility. PAKs are subdivided into group I (PAKs 1–3) and group II (PAKs 4–6) on the basis of structural and functional characteristics. Based on prior gene expression data that predicted enhanced PAK signaling in the invasive fronts of aggressive papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs), we hypothesized that PAKs functionally regulate thyroid cancer cell motility and are activated in PTC invasive fronts. We examined PAK isoform expression in six human thyroid cancer cell lines (BCPAP, KT
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7

Dechert, Melissa A., Jennifer M. Holder, and William T. Gerthoffer. "p21-activated kinase 1 participates in tracheal smooth muscle cell migration by signaling to p38 MAPK." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 281, no. 1 (2001): C123—C132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.1.c123.

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Cell migration contributes to many physiological processes and requires dynamic changes in the cytoskeleton. These migration-dependent cytoskeletal changes are partly mediated by p21-activated protein kinases (PAKs). At least four closely related isoforms, PAK1, PAK2, PAK3, and PAK4, exist in mammalian cells. In smooth muscle cells, little is known about the expression, activation, or ability of PAKs to regulate migration. Our study revealed the existence of three PAK isoforms in cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells (TSMCs). Additionally, we constructed adenoviral vectors encoding wild type a
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8

Wells, Claire M., and Gareth E. Jones. "The emerging importance of group II PAKs." Biochemical Journal 425, no. 3 (2010): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20091173.

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The Rho-family GTPases Rho Rac and Cdc42 regulate many intracellular processes through their interaction with downstream effector proteins. The PAKs (p21-activated kinases) are a family of effector proteins for Rac and Cdc42. PAKs are important regulators of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, neurite outgrowth, cell survival, hormone signalling and gene transcription. There are six mammalian PAKs that can be divided into two groups: group I PAKs (PAK1–3) and group II PAKs (PAK4–6). Although the two PAK groups are architecturally similar, there are differences in their mode of regulation, suggesting
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9

Torres, Annabel, Alice Tang, Radha Vyas, Chen Su, Matthew Johnson, and Andrew Wells. "PAK6- A novel kinase in the maintenance of T cell anergy." Journal of Immunology 202, no. 1_Supplement (2019): 184.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.184.8.

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Abstract Costimulation of T cells through the antigen receptor and the CD28 receptor engages an ‘effector’ gene expression program and a burst of proliferation. Conversely, antigen receptor engagement in the absence of costimulation induces a hypo-responsive state, referred to as anergy, that is associated with active silencing of effector genes. Our ATAC-seq analysis of CD28-dependent chromatin remodeling in anergic and effector CD4+ T cells has identified p21-activated kinase 6 (PAK6) as a gene that becomes accessible in anergic but not effector T cells. PAK6 is a member of a family of kinas
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10

Eswaran, Jeyanthy, Wen Hwa Lee, Judit É. Debreczeni, et al. "Crystal Structures of the p21-Activated Kinases PAK4, PAK5, and PAK6 Reveal Catalytic Domain Plasticity of Active Group II PAKs." Structure 15, no. 2 (2007): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2007.01.001.

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11

White, Joyce C. "And through Flows the River: Archaeology and the Pasts of Lao Pako (review)." Asian Perspectives 45, no. 1 (2006): 102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asi.2006.0016.

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12

Wang, Jiaxi, Caleb A. Lareau, Jhoanne L. Bautista, Im Hong Sun, Alexander R. Gupta, and James M. Gardner. "Single-cell multiomics defines tolerogenic extrathymic Aire-expressing cells with unique homology to thymic epithelium." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 54.01. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.54.01.

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Abstract The autoimmune regulator (Aire) protein, a key transcriptional regulator expressed in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), is crucial for central tolerance. Aire is also found in extrathymic Aire-expressing cells (eTACs) in secondary lymphoid organs. eTACs are hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells that are capable of inducing immune tolerance, but the precise identity of eTACs has remained unclear. To define eTACs, we utilized a combination of single-cell multiomics, transgenic murine models, and functional approaches. We found that eTACs consist of two similar cell types: CCR7
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13

Vargas, Benni, James Boslett, Nathan Yates, and Nicolas Sluis-Cremer. "Mechanism by Which PF-3758309, a Pan Isoform Inhibitor of p21-Activated Kinases, Blocks Reactivation of HIV-1 Latency." Biomolecules 13, no. 1 (2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13010100.

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The “block and lock” strategy is one approach that might elicit a sterilizing cure for HIV-1 infection. The “block” refers to a compound’s ability to inhibit latent HIV-1 proviral transcription, while the “lock” refers to its capacity to induce permanent proviral silencing. We previously identified PF-3758309, a pan-isoform inhibitor of p21-activated kinases (PAKs), as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 latency reversal. The goal of this study was to define the mechanism(s) involved. We found that both 24ST1NLESG cells (a cell line model of HIV-1 latency) and purified CD4+ naïve and central memory T
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14

Knietsch, Anja, Susanne Bowien, Gregg Whited, Gerhard Gottschalk, and Rolf Daniel. "Identification and Characterization of Coenzyme B12-Dependent Glycerol Dehydratase- and Diol Dehydratase-Encoding Genes from Metagenomic DNA Libraries Derived from Enrichment Cultures." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 6 (2003): 3048–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.6.3048-3060.2003.

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ABSTRACT To isolate genes encoding coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol and diol dehydratases, metagenomic libraries from three different environmental samples were constructed after allowing growth of the dehydratase-containing microorganisms present for 48 h with glycerol under anaerobic conditions. The libraries were searched for the targeted genes by an activity screen, which was based on complementation of a constructed dehydratase-negative Escherichia coli strain. In this way, two positive E. coli clones out of 560,000 tested clones were obtained. In addition, screening was performed by colon
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15

Nitta, Eiji. "Lao Pako--A Late Prehistoric Site on the Nam Ngum River in Laos (review)." Asian Perspectives 42, no. 1 (2003): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asi.2003.0027.

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Furnari, Melody A., Michelle L. Jobes, Tanya Nekrasova, Audrey Minden, and George C. Wagner. "Functional Deficits in Pak5, Pak6 and Pak5/Pak6 Knockout Mice." PLoS ONE 8, no. 4 (2013): e61321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061321.

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17

Nathania, Ivena. "Analisis Koreografi Tari Liuk Si Liri." Jurnal Seni Tari 10, no. 2 (2021): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jst.v10i2.43397.

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Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini ialah bagaimana analisis koreografi karyatari Liuk Si Liri. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih detail analisis koreografi tariLiuk Si Liri agar dapat menjadi informasi atau sumber acuan dalam menganalisis suatu gerak tari.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputiobservasi, wawancara, dokumentasi serta studi pustaka. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakanmetodologi kualitatif yang dibantu dengan metodologi penelitian deskriptif pustaka. Penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa bahwa koreografer meng
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18

Filipović, Adrijana, Irena Vujević, Stanko Ivanković, Radica Ćorić, Dragan Jurković, and Višnja Vasilj. "THE EFFECT OF SOIL SELENIUM FERTILIZATION TREATMENT ON THE CONTENT OF SOME IONS (Cd, Fe, Zn and Se) AND YIELD OF TWO CORN HYBRIDS." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 21, no. 1 (2016): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2016.v1.i1.294.

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UDK 631.8(497.6 Čapljina)
 The concentration and form of some metals and metalloids in soil is governed by many chemical and physical properties of soil as pH, redox, Fe, Al ions and soil composition. The paper studied presents influence of chemical soil properties, environment conditions and selenium fertilization rate applied on ions status of zinc, cadmium, selenium and iron in soil and plant material, as well as specific adsorption of these ions in two different maize hybrids. The study was conducted at the farm Vita-Vi Višići (Čapljina). The experiment design was a completely randomi
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19

Coniglio, Salvatore J., Salvatore Zavarella, and Marc H. Symons. "Pak1 and Pak2 Mediate Tumor Cell Invasion through Distinct Signaling Mechanisms." Molecular and Cellular Biology 28, no. 12 (2008): 4162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01532-07.

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ABSTRACT Pak kinases are thought to play critical roles in cell migration and invasion. Here, we analyze the roles of Pak1 and Pak2 in breast carcinoma cell invasion using the transient transfection of small interfering RNA. We find that although both Pak1 and Pak2 contribute to breast carcinoma invasion stimulated by heregulin, these roles are mediated by distinct signaling mechanisms. Thus, whereas the depletion of Pak1 interferes with the heregulin-mediated dephosphorylation of cofilin, the depletion of Pak2 does not. The depletion of Pak1 also has a stronger inhibitory effect on lamellipod
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20

Rupasov, A. I. "Рецензия на монографию: Lackman M. Sotavankien pako. Muurmannin ratatyömaalta 1915-1918. Saarijärvi: Soumalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2012. 357 s". Петербургский исторический журнал, № 1 (2014): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.51255/2311-603x-2014-00019.

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Nguyen, Deborah G., Karen C. Wolff, Hong Yin, Jeremy S. Caldwell, and Kelli L. Kuhen. "“UnPAKing” Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Replication: Using Small Interfering RNA Screening To Identify Novel Cofactors and Elucidate the Role of Group I PAKs in HIV Infection." Journal of Virology 80, no. 1 (2006): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.1.130-137.2006.

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ABSTRACT In order to identify novel proviral host factors involved in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we performed a screen of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting 5,000 genes with the highest potential for being targets for therapeutics. Many siRNAs in the library against known host factors, such as TSG101, furin, and CXCR4, were identified as inhibitors by the screen and thus served as internal validation. In addition, many novel factors whose knockdown inhibited infection were identified, including Pak3, a member of the serine/threonine group I PAK kinases. The HI
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Dan, Chuntao, Niharika Nath, Muriel Liberto, and Audrey Minden. "PAK5, a New Brain-Specific Kinase, Promotes Neurite Outgrowth in N1E-115 Cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 2 (2002): 567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.2.567-577.2002.

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ABSTRACT We have characterized a new member of the mammalian PAK family of serine/threonine kinases, PAK5, which is a novel target of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac. The kinase domain and GTPase-binding domain (GBD) of PAK5 are most closely related in sequence to those of mammalian PAK4. Outside of these domains, however, PAK5 is completely different in sequence from any known mammalian proteins. PAK5 does share considerable sequence homology with the Drosophila MBT protein (for “mushroom body tiny”), however, which is thought to play a role in development of cells in Drosophila brain. Interest
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Hawley, Eric, Jeffrey Gehlhausen, Sofiia Karchugina, et al. "PAK1 inhibition reduces tumor size and extends the lifespan of mice in a genetically engineered mouse model of Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)." Human Molecular Genetics 30, no. 17 (2021): 1607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddab106.

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Abstract Neurofibromatosis Type II (NF2) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome in which germline haploinsufficiency at the NF2 gene confers a greatly increased propensity for tumor development arising from tissues of neural crest derived origin. NF2 encodes the tumor suppressor, Merlin, and its biochemical function is incompletely understood. One well-established function of Merlin is as a negative regulator of group A serine/threonine p21-activated kinases (PAKs). In these studies we explore the role of PAK1 and its closely related paralog, PAK2, both pharmacologically and g
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Weisz Hubsman, Monika, Natalia Volinsky, Edward Manser, Deborah Yablonski, and Ami Aronheim. "Autophosphorylation-dependent degradation of Pak1, triggered by the Rho-family GTPase, Chp." Biochemical Journal 404, no. 3 (2007): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20061696.

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The Paks (p21-activated kinases) Pak1, Pak2 and Pak3 are among the most studied effectors of the Rho-family GTPases, Rac, Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) and Chp (Cdc42 homologous protein). Pak kinases influence a variety of cellular functions, but the process of Pak down-regulation, following activation, is poorly understood. In the present study, we describe for the first time a negative-inhibitory loop generated by the small Rho-GTPases Cdc42 and Chp, resulting in Pak1 inhibition. Upon overexpression of Chp, we unexpectedly observed a T-cell migration phenotype consistent with Paks inhibitio
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Kořánová, Tereza, Lukáš Dvořáček, Dana Grebeňová, Pavla Röselová, Adam Obr, and Kateřina Kuželová. "PAK1 and PAK2 in cell metabolism regulation." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 123, no. 2 (2021): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.30175.

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Li, Xiaofan, and Audrey Minden. "Targeted Disruption of the Gene for the PAK5 Kinase in Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, no. 20 (2003): 7134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.20.7134-7142.2003.

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ABSTRACT PAK5 is a member of the group B family of PAK serine/threonine kinases and is an effector for the Rho GTPase Cdc42. PAK5 is highly expressed in the brain and is expressed at lower levels in several other tissues. In cell lines, PAK5 has been shown to play a role in filopodia formation and neurite outgrowth. To examine the biological function of PAK5, we deleted the PAK5 gene in mice. The phenotypes of the PAK5-null mice are completely different from those of mice null for PAK4, another member of the group B PAK family. Unlike PAK4-null mice, which are embryonic lethal, PAK5-null mice
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Arora, Vivek K., Rene P. Molina, John L. Foster, et al. "Lentivirus Nef Specifically Activates Pak2." Journal of Virology 74, no. 23 (2000): 11081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.23.11081-11087.2000.

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ABSTRACT Nef proteins from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been found to associate with an active cellular serine/threonine kinase designated Nef-associated kinase (Nak). The exact identity of Nak remains controversial, with two recent studies indicating that Nak may be either Pak1 or Pak2. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that such discrepancies arise from the use of different Nef alleles or different cell types by individual investigators. We first confirm that Pak2 but not Pak1 is cleaved by caspase 3 in vitro and then de
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Edlinger, Leo, Angelika Berger-Becvar, Ingeborg Menzl, et al. "Expansion ofBCR/ABL1+cells requires PAK2 but not PAK1." British Journal of Haematology 179, no. 2 (2017): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.14833.

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Renkema, G. Herma, Aki Manninen та Kalle Saksela. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Selectively Associates with a Catalytically Active Subpopulation of p21-Activated Kinase 2 (PAK2) Independently of PAK2 Binding to Nck or β-PIX". Journal of Virology 75, № 5 (2001): 2154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.5.2154-2160.2001.

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ABSTRACT We have recently identified the Nef-associated serine-threonine kinase (NAK) as the p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2). Here we have taken advantage of the possibility to manipulate the functional properties of NAK by transfecting PAK2 cDNA or its mutant derivatives in order to further characterize the Nef-NAK complex. To exclude the possibility that some Nef variants might interact with PAK1 instead of PAK2, we also examined the identity of NAK complexed with divergent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1 Nef proteins. All tested Nef proteins, including SF2, NL4-3, BH10, and HAN-2, a
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Cai, Qingqing, Ning Su, Yu Fang, et al. "The Expression of Paks and Its Clinical Significance in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-136975.

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Background: T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with poor prognosis and lacks of standard treatment approaches. PAK2, a member of the p21 activated kinase (PAKs) family, is a component of the gene-expression-based classifier which made great contributions to prognostic prediction of T-LBL(Cai et al. Leukemia 2020). This study aims to analyze the expression of PAKs in human T-LBL cell lines and tissues to clarify its clinical significance and evaluate the therapeutic activity of PAKs inhibitor in T-LBL. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression lev
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Tabanifar, Bahareh, Zhuoshen Zhao, and Ed Manser. "PAK5 is auto-activated by a central domain that promotes kinase oligomerization." Biochemical Journal 473, no. 12 (2016): 1777–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20160132.

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The present study shows for the first time that self-association of PAK5 in vivo underlies its high basal activity, which contrasts with the inactive state of cellular PAK4. Such PAK5 self-association interferes with the engagement of the auto-inhibitory (AID) with the catalytic domain.
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Zhu, Jianxin, Ortal Attias, Lamine Aoudjit, Ruihua Jiang, Hiroshi Kawachi, and Tomoko Takano. "p21-Activated kinases regulate actin remodeling in glomerular podocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 298, no. 4 (2010): F951—F961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00536.2009.

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The tyrosine phosphorylation of nephrin is reported to regulate podocyte morphology via the Nck adaptor proteins. The Pak family of kinases are regulators of the actin cytoskeleton and are recruited to the plasma membrane via Nck. Here, we investigated the role of Pak in podocyte morphology. Pak1/2 were expressed in cultured podocytes. In mouse podocytes, Pak2 was predominantly phosphorylated, concentrated at the tips of the cellular processes, and its expression and/or phosphorylation were further increased when differentiated. Overexpression of rat nephrin in podocytes increased Pak1/2 phosp
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Wang, Kai, Graham S. Baldwin, Mehrdad Nikfarjam, and Hong He. "Antitumor effects of all-trans retinoic acid and its synergism with gemcitabine are associated with downregulation of p21-activated kinases in pancreatic cancer." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 316, no. 5 (2019): G632—G640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00344.2018.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been used as an antistromal agent in PDA, and its antitumor effect has also been reported in various kinds of cancer, including PDA. Inhibition of p21-activated kinases (PAKs) is associated with decreased tumor growth and increased gemcitabine sensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of ATRA alone and in combination with gemcitabine on cell growth and migration of wild-type and gemcitabine-resistant PDA cells and the potential mechanism(s)
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Combeau, Gaëlle, Patricia Kreis, Florence Domenichini, et al. "The p21-activated Kinase PAK3 Forms Heterodimers with PAK1 in Brain Implementing Trans-regulation of PAK3 Activity." Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, no. 36 (2012): 30084–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m112.355073.

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Yi, Liang, Haifeng Wang, Xiguang Deng, Haifan Yuan, Dong Xu, and Huiqiang Yao. "Geochronology and Geochemical Properties of Mid-Pleistocene Sediments on the Caiwei Guyot in the Northwest Pacific Imply a Surface-to-Deep Linkage." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 3 (2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030253.

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Seamounts are ubiquitous topographic units in the global ocean, and their effects on local circulation have attracted great research attention in physical oceanography; however, fewer relevant efforts were made on geological timescales in previous studies. The Caiwei (Pako) Guyot in the Magellan Seamounts of the western Pacific is a typical seamount and oceanographic characteristics have been well documented. In this study, we investigate a sediment core by geochronological and geochemical studies to reveal a topography-induce surface-to-bottom linkage. The principal results are as follows: (1
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Kaczmarczyk, Andreas, Ramon Hochstrasser, Julia A. Vorholt, and Anne Francez-Charlot. "Two-Tiered Histidine Kinase Pathway Involved in Heat Shock and Salt Sensing in the General Stress Response of Sphingomonas melonis Fr1." Journal of Bacteriology 197, no. 8 (2015): 1466–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00019-15.

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ABSTRACTThe general stress response (GSR) allows bacteria to monitor and defend against a broad set of unrelated, adverse environmental conditions. InAlphaproteobacteria, the key step in GSR activation is phosphorylation of the response regulator PhyR. InSphingomonas melonisFr1, seven PhyR-activating kinases (Paks), PakA to PakG, are thought to directly phosphorylate PhyR under different stress conditions, but the nature of the activating signals remains obscure. PakF, a major sensor of NaCl and heat shock, lacks a putative sensor domain but instead harbors a single receiver (REC) domain (PakF
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Bright, Michael D., Andrew P. Garner, and Anne J. Ridley. "PAK1 and PAK2 have different roles in HGF-induced morphological responses." Cellular Signalling 21, no. 12 (2009): 1738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.07.005.

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Boda, Bernadett, Lorena Jourdain, and Dominique Muller. "Distinct, but compensatory roles of PAK1 and PAK3 in spine morphogenesis." Hippocampus 18, no. 9 (2008): 857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20451.

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Han, Di, Huiqun Wang, Wei Cui, Beibei Zhang, and Bo-Zhen Chen. "Computational insight into the mechanisms of action and selectivity of Afraxis PAK inhibitors." Future Medicinal Chemistry 12, no. 5 (2020): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2019-0273.

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Aim: The p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are involved in many important biological activity regulations. FRAX019, FRAX414, FRAX597, FRAX1036 and G-5555 were identified as PAKs inhibitors. Their detailed inhibitory mechanisms deserve further investigation. Results: Molecular dynamics simulations and further calculations for the PAK1/inhibitor and PAK4/inhibitor complexes indicate that their binding free energies are basically consistent with the trend of experimental activity data. Conclusion: The anchoring of residues Leu347PAK1 and Leu398PAK4 is the structural basis for designing Afraxis PAK inh
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Cotteret, Sophie, Zahara M. Jaffer, Alexander Beeser, and Jonathan Chernoff. "p21-Activated Kinase 5 (Pak5) Localizes to Mitochondria and Inhibits Apoptosis by Phosphorylating BAD." Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, no. 16 (2003): 5526–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.16.5526-5539.2003.

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ABSTRACT Pak5 is the most recently identified and least understood member of the p21-activated kinase (Pak) family. This kinase is known to promote neurite outgrowth in vitro, but its localization, substrates, and effects on cell survival have not been reported. We show here that Pak5 has unique properties that distinguish it from all other members of the Pak family. First, Pak5, unlike Pak1, cannot complement an STE20 mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Second, Pak5 binds to the GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, but these GTPases do not regulate Pak5 kinase activity, which is constitutive and stronger
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UIBLEIN, FRANZ, and JØRGEN G. NIELSEN. "Five new ocellus-bearing species of the cusk-eel genus Neobythites (Ophidiidae, Ophidiiformes) from the West Pacific, with establishment of three new species groups." Zootaxa 5336, no. 2 (2023): 179–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5336.2.2.

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Five new West Pacific species of the cusk-eel genus Neobythites (Ophidiidae) from the lower shelf and upper slope of the Solomon Sea, off Okinawa, Japan, and off Fiji are described. The descriptions are based on nine specimens from three fish collections and unvouchered fresh colour photographs showing three specimens taken shortly after being caught. The new species all bear at least one ocellus on the dorsal fin, a conspicuous colour pattern consisting of a dark spot surrounded by a contrasting white or pale ring. Fifteen ocellus-bearing congeners are rather similar with at least one of the
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Radu, Maria, Sonali J. Rawat, Alexander Beeser, Anton Iliuk, Weiguo Andy Tao, and Jonathan Chernoff. "ArhGAP15, a Rac-specific GTPase-activating Protein, Plays a Dual Role in Inhibiting Small GTPase Signaling." Journal of Biological Chemistry 288, no. 29 (2013): 21117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m113.459719.

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Signaling from small GTPases is a tightly regulated process. In this work we used a protein microarray screen to identify the Rac-specific GAP, ArhGAP15, as a substrate of the Rac effectors Pak1 and Pak2. In addition to serving as a substrate of Pak1/2, we found that ArhGAP15, via its PH domain, bound to these kinases. The association of ArhGAP15 to Pak1/2 resulted in mutual inhibition of GAP and kinase catalytic activity, respectively. Knock-down of ArhGAP15 resulted in activation of Pak1/2, both indirectly, as a result of Rac activation, and directly, as a result of disruption of the ArhGAP1
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Radu, Maria, Karen Lyle, Klaus P. Hoeflich, Olga Villamar-Cruz, Hartmut Koeppen, and Jonathan Chernoff. "p21-Activated Kinase 2 Regulates Endothelial Development and Function through the Bmk1/Erk5 Pathway." Molecular and Cellular Biology 35, no. 23 (2015): 3990–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00630-15.

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p21-activated kinases (Paks) have been shown to regulate cytoskeleton rearrangements, cell proliferation, attachment, and migration in a variety of cellular contexts, including endothelial cells. However, the role of endothelial Pak in embryo development has not been reported, and currently, there is no consensus on the endothelial function of individual Pak isoforms, in particular p21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2), the main Pak isoform expressed in endothelial cells. In this work, we employ genetic and molecular studies that show that Pak2, but not Pak1, is a critical mediator of development and
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Itakura, Asako, Joseph E. Aslan, Branden T. Kusanto, et al. "p21-Activated Kinases Regulate Directional Migration and Cytoskeletal Organization in Human Neutrophils." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.834.834.

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Abstract Abstract 834 Neutrophil chemotaxis is controlled by coordinated processes of directional sensing, polarization and motility. This study was designed to characterize the role of p21-activated kinases (PAKs) during the chemotaxis of human primary neutrophils. PAKs are known as effectors of the Rho GTPases Rac and Cdc42. It has been shown that PAK1 and PAK2 are strongly activated downstream of the f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) receptor via Rac (Huang et al., MCB 1998). PAK1 is known to localize in lamellipodia at the leading edge of human neutrophils (Dharmawardhane et al., JLB 1999) and mediate
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Zeng, Q., D. Lagunoff, R. Masaracchia, Z. Goeckeler, G. Cote, and R. Wysolmerski. "Endothelial cell retraction is induced by PAK2 monophosphorylation of myosin II." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 3 (2000): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.3.471.

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The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family includes several enzyme isoforms regulated by the GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. PAK1, found in brain, muscle and spleen, has been implicated in triggering cytoskeletal rearrangements such as the dissolution of stress fibers and reorganization of focal complexes. The role of the more widely distributed PAK2 in controlling the cytoskeleton has been less well studied. Previous work has demonstrated that PAK2 can monophosphorylate the myosin II regulatory light chain and induce retraction of permeabilized endothelial cells. In this report we characterize PAK2's morp
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Zhang, Hongquan, Zhilun Li, Eva-Karin Viklund та Staffan Strömblad. "p21-activated kinase 4 interacts with integrin αvβ5 and regulates αvβ5-mediated cell migration". Journal of Cell Biology 158, № 7 (2002): 1287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200207008.

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p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) can affect cell migration (Price et al., 1998; del Pozo et al., 2000) and modulate myosin light chain kinase and LIM kinase, which are components of the cellular motility machinery (Edwards, D.C., L.C. Sanders, G.M. Bokoch, and G.N. Gill. 1999. Nature Cell Biol. 1:253–259; Sanders, L.C., F. Matsumura, G.M. Bokoch, and P. de Lanerolle. 1999. Science. 283:2083–2085). We here present a novel cell motility pathway by demonstrating that PAK4 directly interacts with an integrin intracellular domain and regulates carcinoma cell motility in an integrin-specific manner. Ye
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Flis, Sylwia, Ewelina Bratek, Tomasz Chojnacki, Marlena Piskorek, and Tomasz Skorski. "Simultaneous Inhibition of BCR-ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase and PAK1/2 Serine/Threonine Kinases Exerts Synergistic Effect Against Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 4143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129093.

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) revolutionized the treatment of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase - positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). However, it is unlikely that TKIs will "cure" the disease in majority of patients because CML-CP cells are elusive targets even for the most advanced therapies employing second and third generation of TKIs. Therefore, new treatment modalities are necessary to improve therapeutic outcomes. We showed before that class I p21-activated serine/threonine kinases (PAKs) remained active in TKI-naive and TKI-treated CML-CP leukemia stem and early prog
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van Dijk, Juliette, Guillaume Bompard, Gabriel Rabeharivelo, Julien Cau, Claude Delsert, and Nathalie Morin. "PAK1 Regulates MEC-17 Acetyltransferase Activity and Microtubule Acetylation during Proplatelet Extension." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207531.

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Mature megakaryocytes extend long processes called proplatelets from which platelets are released in the blood stream. The Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac as well as their downstream target, p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2), have been demonstrated to be important for platelet formation. Here we address the role, during platelet formation, of PAK1, another target of the Rho GTPases. PAK1 decorates the bundled microtubules (MTs) of megakaryocyte proplatelets. Using a validated cell model which recapitulates proplatelet formation, elongation and platelet release, we show that lack of PAK1 activity increas
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Ramos-Álvarez, Irene, Lingaku Lee та Robert T. Jensen. "Group II p21-activated kinase, PAK4, is needed for activation of focal adhesion kinases, MAPK, GSK3, and β-catenin in rat pancreatic acinar cells". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 318, № 3 (2020): G490—G503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00229.2019.

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PAK4 is the only member of the Group II p21-activated kinases (PAKs) present in rat pancreatic acinar cells and is activated by gastrointestinal hormones/neurotransmitters stimulating PLC/cAMP and by various pancreatic growth factors. However, little is known of the role of PAK4 activation in cellular signaling cascades in pancreatic acinar cells. In the present study, we examined the role of PAK4’s participation in five different cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8)-stimulated signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt, MAPK, focal adhesion kinase, GSK3, and β-catenin), which mediate many of its physiological acinar-
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Reddy, Pavankumar N. G., Jenna Wood, Chad E. Harris та ін. "Kinase Activity Of Pak2, An Effector Of Rac/CDC42 and Its Interaction With β-PIX Is Required For Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Shape, F-Actin Formation, Directional Migration In Vitro and For HSPC Homing To Bone Marrow In Vivo". Blood 122, № 21 (2013): 2419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2419.2419.

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Abstract Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) migration, marrow homing and engraftment are key physiological processes regulating hematopoiesis post transplantation. These processes are the result of the orchestrated actions of multiple extracellular stimuli, which regulate actin remodeling, cell polarity, chemotaxis and cell-cell interactions. In HSPC, the Rho GTPases Rac and CDC42 act as molecular switches that integrate extracellular stimuli in a spatially regulated manner to control cell migration and mediate homing to marrow and mobilization as well as cell survival/ proliferatio
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