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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Pastures – Weed control – Western Australia”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 10 lutego 2022

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1

Harries, Martin, Ken C. Flower, Craig A. Scanlan, Michael T. Rose, and Michael Renton. "Interactions between crop sequences, weed populations and herbicide use in Western Australian broadacre farms: findings of a six-year survey." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 5 (2020): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19509.

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Six years of survey data taken from 184 paddocks spanning 14 million ha of land used for crop and pasture production in south-west Western Australia were used to assess weed populations, herbicide resistance, integrated weed management (IWM) actions and herbicide use patterns in a dryland agricultural system. Key findings were that weed density within crops was low, with 72% of cropping paddocks containing fewer than 10 grass weeds/m2 at anthesis. Weed density and herbicide resistance were not correlated, despite the most abundant grass weed species (annual ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin) tes

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James, T. K., and A. Rahman. "Management and control options for tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum) in hill country pastures a review." New Zealand Plant Protection 68 (January 8, 2015): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2015.68.5880.

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Tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum) is a highly invasive semievergreen shrubby weed found throughout New Zealand Described as a serious pasture weed in 1937 it has been held in check for many years by tutsan rust Recently it has spread rapidly into pasture forestry and conservation areas Present methods available for managing tutsan are proving inadequate and unsustainable This review paper provides an overview of tutsans biology ecology habitat and its current distribution in New Zealand It details possible management strategies and control options with emphasis on control by herbicides The paper

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Powles, Stephen B., and Peter D. Howat. "Herbicide-resistant Weeds in Australia." Weed Technology 4, no. 1 (March 1990): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025203.

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This review considers the development of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes in Australia. Biotypes of the important annual weed species, capeweed, wall barley, and hare barley are resistant to the bipyridylium herbicides paraquat and diquat. These resistant biotypes developed on a small number of alfalfa fields that have a long history of paraquat and diquat use within a distinct geographical area in central western Victoria. The resistant biotypes are controlled by alternative herbicides and pose little practical concern. Some populations of wild oat are resistant to the methyl ester of diclof

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Semple, WS, TB Koen, and IA Cole. "Establishing Native Grasses in Degraded Pastures of Central Western New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 21, no. 2 (1999): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9990153.

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Renewed interest in native grasses in recent years has led to the release of a small number of cultivars but for most native species, seed is only available from wild stands. Seed can be harvested with a brush harvester but cleaning seed to a level that will allow it to pass through conventional sowing equipment is often difficult. Techniques for successful field establishment of native species are still not fully understood. From 1993 to 1995, native grasses (mainly warm-season types) were sown in early spring in exotic pastures at a number of sites in the Central West of NSW. Various seedbed

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5

Tozer, K. N., D. F. Chapman, P. E. Quigley, P. M. Dowling, R. D. Cousens, and G. A. Kearney. "Effect of grazing strategy, ryegrass overdrilling and herbicide application on vulpia content, tiller density and seed production in perennial pastures." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 5 (2008): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06144.

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Vulpia species C.C. Gmel. are annual grass weeds that can reduce the productivity of perennial pastures throughout southern Australia. To develop more effective strategies to manage vulpia, a 3-year experiment was established in western Victoria (average annual rainfall: 625 mm) comparing different methods currently used to control this weed. Overdrilling perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed and simazine application treatments were applied to phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) pastures that were set-stocked or rotationally grazed (either as a four-paddock or strategic rotation) with Merino

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Tozer, K. N., D. F. Chapman, P. E. Quigley, P. M. Dowling, R. D. Cousens, and G. A. Kearney. "Integrated management of vulpia in dryland perennial pastures of southern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 1 (2009): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp07445.

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Vulpia (Vulpia species C.C. Gmel.) are annual grass weeds that can reduce pasture quality and stock-carrying capacity of perennial pastures throughout southern Australia. To develop more effective strategies to control vulpia, an experiment was established in western Victoria (average annual rainfall 565 mm) in phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) pastures comparing the effects of control methods [comprising combinations of fertiliser addition (Fert), a single herbicide (simazine) application (Sim), and pasture rest from grazing (Rest)] on vulpia populations. A further herbicide treatment [paraquat

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7

Monjardino, M., D. J. Pannell, and S. B. Powles. "The economic value of pasture phases in the integrated management of annual ryegrass and wild radish in a Western Australian farming system." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 3 (2004): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03050.

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Most cropping farms in Western Australia must deal with the management of herbicide-resistant populations of weeds such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum�L.). Farmers are approaching the problem of herbicide resistance by adopting integrated weed management systems, which allow weed control with a range of different techniques. One important question in the design of such systems is whether and when the benefits of including pasture in rotation with crops exceed the costs. In this paper, the multi-species resistance and integrated management mode

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8

Turner, Neil C., and Senthold Asseng. "Productivity, sustainability, and rainfall-use efficiency in Australian rainfed Mediterranean agricultural systems." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 11 (2005): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05076.

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Mediterranean environments are characterised by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The native vegetation in Mediterranean-climatic regions is predominantly perennial shrubs and trees intermixed with annual forbs. In south-western Australia, the spread of agriculture has seen the well adapted perennial vegetation replaced by rainfed annual crops and pastures. This has increased waterlogging and secondary salinity, thereby causing loss of productivity in ~10% of the cleared land area. To reduce deep drainage and make the agricultural systems environmentally sustainable requires the re-intro

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9

McKenzie, John, Dannielle Brazier, Shane Campbell, Joseph Vitelli, Angela Anderson, and Robert Mayer. "Foliar herbicide control of sticky florestina (Florestina tripteris DC.)." Rangeland Journal 36, no. 3 (2014): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj13091.

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Sticky florestina (Florestina tripteris DC.) is an annual exotic weed that has become naturalised near the townships of Tambo and Barcaldine in central western Queensland, Australia. Three experiments conducted near Barcaldine identified foliar herbicides effective in killing sticky florestina plants and in providing residual activity to reduce recruitment from the soil seed bank. An initial chemical screening experiment evaluated the efficacy of 28 herbicide treatments. The most promising herbicides were then further evaluated in two response-rate experiments. Overall, 2,4-D/picloram, aminopy

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10

Anderson, W. K., G. B. Crosbie, and W. J. Lambe. "Production practices in Western Australia for wheats suitable for white, salted noodles." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 1 (1997): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a95133.

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Wheat cultivars acceptable for the Noodle wheat segregation in Western Australia were compared with cultivars suitable for the Australian Standard White (ASW) grade over the period 1989–93. Yield and grain quality responses to sowing time, nitrogen fertiliser, soil type, and cropping history were examined to determine management practices most likely to result in wheat grain suitable for the production of white, salted noodles. Thirty experiments were conducted in the 300–450 mm average annual rainfall zone between Three Springs in the north (approx. 29° 30′S) and Newdegate in the south (appro

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11

Peirce, JR. "Morphological and phenological variation in three populations of saffron thistle (Carthamus lanatus L.) from Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 41, no. 6 (1990): 1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9901193.

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Saffron thistle (Carthamus lanatus L.), an erect spiny annual herb, is a weed of pasture and cereal crops in some agricultural areas of southern Australia. Cypselas (achenes or seeds) were collected from mature plants at three sites near Salmon Gums, Moorine Rock and Greenough in Western Australia and grown at South Perth. Two forms were observed and could be distinguished by differences in their phenology and the shape of cotyledons and achenes. After two generations at South Perth, germination in the presence or absence of leaching with water or after storage at daily fluctuating temperature

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12

Pearce, K. L., D. G. Masters, G. M. Smith, R. H. Jacob та D. W. Pethick. "Plasma and tissue α-tocopherol concentrations and meat colour stability in sheep grazing saltbush (Atriplex spp.)". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, № 7 (2005): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05001.

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Dry senesced pastures available during the summer and autumn period in Western Australia and other areas with a Mediterranean climate are low in vitamin E. The use of expensive and labour-intensive supplements to prevent nutritional myopathy induced by vitamin E deficiency in weaner sheep is common. Low vitamin E concentrations in the muscle preslaughter can also reduce the shelf life of meat. There is growing interest in incorporating saltbush into farming systems in Western Australia. The potential for saltbush to boost the vitamin E status of sheep and improve the shelf life of meat was inv

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13

Borger, C. P. D., G. P. Riethmuller, and A. Hashem. "Emergence, survival, biomass production, and seed production of Chloris truncata (windmill grass) in the Western Australian wheatbelt." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 8 (2011): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp11018.

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Chloris truncata is a C4 grass species, native to Australia. Within the wheatbelt of Western Australia (WA), it is a weed of grain cropping systems and a beneficial forage species within pasture systems. Plant emergence, density, survival, biomass production, seed production, and seed germinability were investigated, in pasture or cropping systems, at two trial sites (in Merredin, WA) over two years (from 2007 to 2009). Chloris truncata predominantly emerged and set seed during spring and early summer. This species is usually referred to as a short-lived perennial, and could survive for >14

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14

Hurst, Thomas, and Paul I. Boon. "Agricultural weeds and coastal saltmarsh in south-eastern Australia: an insurmountable problem?" Australian Journal of Botany 64, no. 4 (2016): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt16027.

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It is often assumed that saline coastal wetlands experience environmental conditions so severe that they are largely immune to invasion by exotic plant species. The belief is implicit in many older reviews of threats to mangroves and coastal saltmarshes, where a limited range of vascular plant taxa, often focussing on *Spartina, (throughout the paper an asterisk denotes an introduced (exotic) species as per Carr 2012) have been invoked as the major species of concern. Even though the weed flora of southern Australia is derived largely from agriculture and horticulture, neither of which include

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15

Mitchell, GJ, RJ Carter, and SR Chinner. "Studies on the control of water-dropwort (Oenanthe pimpinelloides) in South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 4 (1995): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950483.

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Water-dropwort (Oenanthe pimpinelloides L.), a tuberous perennial herb, is currently known in South Australia from only a single locality in the Mount Lofty Ranges. There is little information on water-dropwort control, and 2 experiments were conducted to assess the effects of sowing pasture, with or without presowing herbicides, on the control of this weed. Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and perennial clovers were successfully introduced into infested pastures by direct drilling in autumn. Water-dropwort regenerated from seed more densely in unsown plots than plots of established perennial p

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16

Lattimore, MAE. "Pastures in temperate rice rotations of south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no. 7 (1994): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9940959.

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Legume-based pastures have long been an integral part of rice growing in the southern New South Wales irrigation areas and still offer potential to improve the productivity, profitability, and sustainability of the temperate rice-cropping system.This paper reviews both historical and current aspects of pastures in temperate rice rotations in southern New South Wales and highlights the importance of pastures in sustaining this cropping system as environmental pressures increase. Topics discussed include pasture species and rotations, their role in improving soil fertility and sustainability, th

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17

Vere, David T., Bruce A. Auld, and Malcolm H. Campbell. "Economic Assessments of Serrated Tussock (Nassella trichotoma) as a Pasture Weed." Weed Technology 7, no. 3 (September 1993): 776–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037702.

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Weeds reduce the livestock production from pastures and impose control costs on producers and governments. Economic assessments of pasture weed problems are required on and beyond the farm for planning private and public weed control. This requirement has several dimensions that can be used to demonstrate the economic effect of weeds and encourage weed control by the private and public sectors. This paper discusses the economic problems of pasture weeds and the procedures for multi-level economic assessments with a major pasture weed in Australia as an example, and demonstrates the important p

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18

Batson, M. G. "Agrostis castellana (Poaceae), Dominant Agrostis Species, Found in Bent Grass Pastures in South-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 46, no. 6 (1998): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt97065.

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There is considerable uncertainty that the traditional identification of bent grasses in south-eastern Australia as Agrostis capillaris L. (Syn. Agrostis tenuis Sibth.) is correct, due to a history of confusing nomenclature and mis-identification. Bent grass is considered a weed of pastures in the high-rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia and thus the correct identity of bent grass may have implications for its management and control. Populations of bent grass were sampled from 42 pastures in south-eastern Australia and Agrostis castellana Boiss. et Reuter, rather than A. capillaris, was f

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Borger, Catherine, Abul Hashem, and Mario D’Antuono. "Summer weed species incidence in Western Australia varies between seasons." Weed Science 67, no. 05 (July 12, 2019): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.30.

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AbstractAgronomic surveys of summer weed species are necessary to identify future research directions for optimal weed control, but usually focus on agricultural fields in a single season. To survey all species in the absence of weed control measures and determine species variability between seasons, a survey of 133 sites was conducted on roadsides adjoining agricultural fields throughout the Western Australian grainbelt in early 2015 and repeated in 2016 and 2017. The survey identified 144 species, but only 19 species were evident at more than 10% of sites. The most common species were weepin

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Campbell, MH. "Extending the frontiers of aerially sown pastures in temperate Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 1 (1992): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920137.

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Over the past 40 years large areas of pastures on hill country in temperate Australia have been improved through aerial distribution of herbicides, pesticides, seed, and fertiliser, which has increased animal production and helped to control weeds. Refinements detailed in this review could extend the use of these techniques to promote sustainable systems by the establishment of perennial pasture species on unploughed land. It is argued that the most urgent requirement is ensuring that aerial spraying is not abolished by government regulation in response to demands by specialist groups, because

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21

Bowman, A. M., Y. Alemseged, G. J. Melville, W. J. Smith, and F. Syrch. "Increasing the perennial grass component of native pastures through grazing management in the 400 - 600mm rainfall zone of central western NSW." Rangeland Journal 31, no. 4 (2009): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj08032.

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Native grass-based pastures in the 400–600 mm rainfall zone of central NSW are an important basis for extensive grazing industries. However, over time they have been invaded by exotic weeds. This study aimed to evaluate several grazing strategies for the maintenance or improvement of native grasslands based on pasture productivity and species diversity. Seven grazing strategies, ranging from set stocking to permanently removing stock, were employed to evaluate the strategy that would best maintain a high proportion of desirable perennial grass species. Grazing treatments were evaluated based o

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Latta, R. A., and A. Lyons. "The performance of lucerne - wheat rotations on Western Australian duplex soils." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 3 (2006): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04016.

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In field experiments on duplex soils in the south-eastern and central Western Australian wheatbelt, lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) was compared with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in pasture–crop rotations. Comparative pasture plant densities and biomass, soil water content, available soil nitrogen, wheat grain yield, and protein content were measured during 2 and 3 years of pasture followed by 2 and 1 year of wheat, respectively. Lucerne densities declined by 60–90% over the 3-year pasture phase but produced up to 3 times more total annual biomass than weed-dominant annual past

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Warwick, S. I., and A. Francis. "The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 6. Berteroa incana (L.) DC." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 4 (October 10, 2006): 1297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-030.

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The cruciferous weed Berteroa incana, hoary alyssum, has been known in temperate North America since the late 19th century, but has recently begun to spread aggressively in upland and dry areas in the Great Lakes and western foothills regions of both Canada and the United States. It is an annual, winter annual to short-lived perennial and is considered an invasive weed in turf, rangelands, pastures and forage crops, with harmful effects on horses an added concern. The species is most common on sandy gravel and poorer soils. It has recently i nvaded Christmas tree plantations in Michigan. Its p

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Anderson, GW, and RW Moore. "Productivity in the first seven years of a Pinus radiata-annual pasture agroforest in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 2 (1987): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870231.

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Pinus radiata seedlings were planted into an annual pasture at low, medium and high densities. The trees were pruned annually from year 4 and those with poor form were progressively culled until final stand densities of 75, 150 and 225 trees ha-1 were achieved 7 years after planting. The pastures were grazed by sheep from year 4. The sheep carrying capacities of the pastures declined as tree density increased because of competition between trees and pasture and also because of debris from thinning and pruning. In year 7, under the high density trees, the sheep carrying capacity of the pastures

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Grace, B. S., R. D. B. Whalley, A. W. Sheppard, and B. M. Sindel. "Managing saffron thistle in pastures with strategic grazing." Rangeland Journal 24, no. 2 (2002): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj02018.

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Saffron thistle (Carthamus lanatus L.) is a widespread and troublesome weed in grazing land throughout much of eastern Australia. Conventional control measures are not feasible in much of this area, so the prospect for controlling saffron thistle through strategic grazing with sheep was investigated. By sowing seeds, and counting seedlings that emerged, we found that as little as 2 cm of pasture cover reduced the number of seedlings that emerged by 96% compared with bare ground. Grazing experiments showed that the survival of saffron thistle rosettes was reduced by 12% in plots that were strat

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Maino, James L., Matthew Binns, and Paul Umina. "No longer a west-side story – pesticide resistance discovered in the eastern range of a major Australian crop pest, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae)." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 2 (2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17327.

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The redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae), is an important pest of pastures, broad-acre crops, and vegetables across southern Australia. Populations of H. destructor in Western Australia have been known to be resistant to pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides since 2006 and 2014, respectively. Resistant populations are currently widespread across Western Australia’s southern growing region but have, until now, remained undetected in the large south-eastern Australian range of H. destructor, despite ongoing resistance screening since 2006. Following rep

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Sanford, P., X. Wang, K. D. Greathead, J. H. Gladman, and J. Speijers. "Impact of Tasmanian blue gum belts and kikuyu-based pasture on sheep production and groundwater recharge in south-western Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 8 (2003): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02226.

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The effect of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) belts and kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) grass on livestock production and groundwater recharge was studied in the high rainfall zone (>600 mm/year) of south-western Western Australia from 1998 to 2001. The objective was to identify optimum combinations of tree belts and pasture for sustainable livestock production and the prevention of secondary salinisation. Treatments were annual pasture, in competition with trees at different orientations (east, west and south), kikuyu pasture in competition with trees at one orientation (west), c

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Heap, John W. "Control of Rush Skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea) with Herbicides." Weed Technology 7, no. 4 (December 1993): 954–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00038070.

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A range of herbicide treatments was evaluated for long-term control of rush skeletonweed, a perennial weed of crops and pastures in North and South America, the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and Australia. Clopyralid (75 to 300 g ai/ha) and clopyralid mixtures with 2,4-D, MCPA, or dicamba were effective, resulting in survival rates of 0 to 4% for the most successful treatments applied for three consecutive seasons. Metsulfuron (9 g ai/ha) and 2,4-D (850 g ai/ha) significantly reduced survival when applied at high rates for three years. Barley yield in the season following control was i

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French, R. J., R. S. Malik, and M. Seymour. "Crop-sequence effects on productivity in a wheat-based cropping system at Wongan Hills, Western Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 6 (2015): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14262.

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Western Australian grain production is dominated by wheat, but growing wheat continually in unbroken sequences leads to increasing problems with soil nutrient depletion, root and leaf disease build-up, high weed burdens, and possibly other less well-defined production constraints. These can adversely affect both production and grain quality. Including breaks in the crop sequence in the form of break crops, pasture, or fallow can reduce these problems, but these breaks can be expensive to implement, in terms of both direct cost and forgone revenue. It is therefore critical to predict the respon

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Ridsdill-Smith, T. J., and C. C. Pavri. "Controlling redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae), with a spring spray in legume pastures." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 9 (2015): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14272.

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The use of a TIMERITE® spring spray to control redlegged earth mite (RLEM), Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae), in annual pastures was evaluated on farms across Australia. RLEM populations in autumn in the treatments sprayed in spring 1998 and 1999 were 97% lower in 1999 and 97% in 2000 in the western region (Western Australia), and 93% lower in 1999 and 93% in 2000 in the eastern region (Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia). At sites in the west, control of RLEM resulted in significant increases in subterranean clover seed yield in 1999 and in clover seedling numbe

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Owen, Mechelle J., and Stephen B. Powles. "The frequency of herbicide-resistant wild oat (Avena spp.) populations remains stable in Western Australian cropping fields." Crop and Pasture Science 67, no. 5 (2016): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15295.

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Avena is a problematic weed of cropping regions of southern Australia and many areas of the world. In 2010, a random survey was conducted across 14 million hectares of the Western Australian grain belt to monitor the change in herbicide resistance levels by comparing resistance frequency results with a survey conducted in 2005. Screening Avena populations with herbicides commonly used to control this weed revealed that 48% of Avena populations displayed resistance to the commonly used acetyl-Co A carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides, which was lower than that found in 2005 (71%). The broad-spectr

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Mears, PT, DW Hennessy, DW Williamson, and DJ McLennan. "Growth and forage intake of Hereford steers fed giant Parramatta grass hay (Sporobolus indicus) and the effects of dietary nitrogen supplements." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 1 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960001.

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Giant Parramatta grass (GPG) (Sporobolus indicus var. Major), a serious weed of pastures of subtropical Australia, is poorly grazed by cattle leading to reports of low production on badly infested pastures. To provide information for cattle producers we recorded feed intake and liveweight change of steers in a 56-day study, and nitrogen (N) excretion over 5 days when GPG was fed as hay. Data were compared with those for GPG hay supplemented with urea (7 g urea/kg hay), or with urea and cottonseed meal (CSM; 750 g/steer.day), and with those for steers fed a native pasture (NP) hay, which includ

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Bailey, P., J.-L. Sagliocco, J. Vitou, and D. Cooke. "Prospects for biological control of cutleaf mignonette, Reseda lutea (Resedaceae), by Baris picicornis and Bruchela spp. in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 2 (2002): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01059.

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In South Australia, Reseda lutea is abundant, invading pastures and crops on calcareous soils while in its native Mediterranean range it is uncommon in occurrence and is not reported as a weed of cultivated crops. Its invasive behaviour in South Australia may be attributed to vegetative growth of root fragments spread by cultivation, while propagation by seed is of minor importance. Surveys in Spain, Portugal, Morocco, France, Turkey and Israel indicated that agronomic differences, particularly depth of cultivation and seeding rates of cereals may explain why it is not a crop weed in these cou

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Malik, Raj S., Mark Seymour, Robert J. French, John A. Kirkegaard, Roger A. Lawes, and Mark A. Liebig. "Dynamic crop sequencing in Western Australian cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 6 (2015): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14097.

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During the last two decades in Western Australia, the traditional mixed farming system has been increasingly displaced by intensive crop sequences dominated by wheat. Intensive wheat sequences are usually maintained by using suitable breaks, including pasture, fallow, or alternative cereal, oilseed and legume crops, to control weeds and disease, or maintain the supply of nitrogen to crops. New cereal fungicide options may also assist to maintain intensive cereal systems by suppressing soilborne cereal diseases. To guide the successful diversification of intensive cereal systems, we evaluated t

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Riethmuller, G. P., A. Hashem, and S. M. Pathan. "Chemical and Non-Chemical Weed Control in Wide Row Lupins and Chickpeas in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering 7, no. 1 (January 2009): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14488388.2009.11464795.

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Norton, M. R., M. L. Mitchell, E. Kobelt, and E. Hall. "Evaluation of native and introduced grasses for low-input pastures in temperate Australia: experimental approach, site and genotype descriptions." Rangeland Journal 27, no. 1 (2005): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj05002.

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This paper describes the experimental methodology, sites, seasonal conditions and germplasm used in the Australian Native and Low Input Grass Network (NLIGN). In 1998, eight sites were established across the temperate pastoral zone of southern Australia. These were located at Armidale, Binya, Sutton and Trangie in NSW; Springhurst in Victoria; Jericho in Tasmania; Flaxley in South Australie and Kendenup in Western Australia. A total of 62 lines were evaluated, of which, 29 were Australian native grasses and 33 were introduced. With differences in seed size among species and a lack of informati

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Waller, R. A., and P. W. G. Sale. "Persistence and productivity of perennial ryegrass in sheep pastures in south-western Victoria: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 1 (2001): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00049.

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Loss of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) from the pasture within several years of sowing is a common problem in the higher rainfall (550–750 mm annual rainfall), summer-dry regions of south-eastern Australia. This pasture grass came to Australia from northern Europe, where it mostly grows from spring to autumn under mild climatic conditions. In contrast, the summers are generally much drier and hotter in this region of south-eastern Australia. This ‘mismatch’ between genotype and environment may be the fundamental reason for the poor persistence. There is hope that the recently released

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Hashem, Abul, R. Michael Collins, and David G. Bowran. "Efficacy of Interrow Weed Control Techniques in Wide Row Narrow-Leaf Lupin." Weed Technology 25, no. 1 (March 2011): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-10-00081.1.

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The sharp decline in the area of lupin grown in Australia is partly attributed to the failure to control herbicide-resistant weeds in narrow-leaf lupin crops grown with the conventional 25-cm-wide row spacing. Growing lupin with wider row spacing allows for interrow weed control by nonselective herbicides using a sprayshield or physical methods. During 2003 to 2006, two experiments conducted at five sites evaluated the efficacy of interrow weed control techniques in narrow-leaf lupin crops grown in 55- to 65-cm-wide rows within the Western Australia wheatbelt. Interrow herbicides were applied

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Park, C. Y., M. A. Lee, M. Nam, E. H. Park, Y. S. Bae, S. H. Lee, J. S. Kim, and D. Y. Won. "First Report of Clover yellow vein virus on White Clover (Trifolium repens) in South Korea." Plant Disease 98, no. 10 (October 2014): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-14-0540-pdn.

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White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a herbaceous, perennial plant that has become one of the most widely distributed legumes in the world. It is extensively used in grass-legume pastures, but also has the potential to invade agricultural lands and natural ecosystems. White clover is a well-known natural host for Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV), Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV), Beet western virus (BWYV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), etc (1). In July 2013, during a survey to determine the presence of different viruses infecting

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Spennemann, D. H. R., and L. R. Allen. "Feral olives ( Olea europaea) as future woody weeds in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 6 (2000): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98141.

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Olives (Olea europaea ssp. europaea), dispersed from 19th century orchards in the Adelaide area, have become established in remnant bushland as a major environmental weed. Recent expansion of the Australian olive industry has resulted in the widespread planting of olive orchards in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and parts of Tasmania. This paper reviews the literature on the activity of vertebrate (principally avian) olive predators and their potential as vectors for spreading this plant into Australian remnant bushland. The effects of feralisation on

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Francis, Ardath, Stephen J. Darbyshire, Anne Légère, and Marie-Josée Simard. "The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 151. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Aiton." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92, no. 7 (November 2012): 1359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-076.

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Francis, A., Darbyshire, S. J., Légère, A. and Simard, M.-J. 2012. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 151. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Aiton. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1359–1380. Stork's bill, Erodium cicutarium, is an annual weed of the geranium family (Geraniaceae), native to Mediterranean Europe, North Africa and western Asia. It has spread widely to temperate regions of both hemispheres, in particular to semi-arid ranges and prairies where it is frequently a dominant weed. In western Canada, it has increased in importance as a weed of cereal, canola, legume, sugarbeet and potato crops, part

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Martin, Gary R., Laurie E. Twigg, and Lina Zampichelli. "Seasonal changes in the diet of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from three different Mediterranean habitats in south-western Australia." Wildlife Research 34, no. 1 (2007): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr06044.

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Abstract.�Seasonal changes in the diet of rabbits from three temperate (Mediterranean) areas in south-western Australia were identified using microscopic determination of the percentage occurrence of various food groups in sampled stomachs. The sites differed in soil type and in the availability of summer perennials, native vegetation bush remnants (size of, and number of plant species), improved pastures, and summer rainfall, and hence, enabled a comparison of the diet of rabbits from the different vegetation communities. Although the diet of these rabbits was quite flexible, with some switch

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Hacker, Ronald B., Ian D. Toole, Gavin J. Melville, Yohannes Alemseged, and Warren J. Smith. "Managing competitive interactions to promote regeneration of native perennial grasses in semi-arid south-eastern Australia." Rangeland Journal 39, no. 1 (2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj16048.

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Treatments to reduce available soil nitrogen and achieve specified levels of weed control were evaluated for their capacity to promote regeneration of native perennial grasses in a degraded semi-arid woodland in central-western New South Wales. Treatments were factorial combinations of nitrogen-reduction levels and weed-control levels. The four levels of nitrogen reduction were no intervention, and oversowing of an unfertilised summer crop, an unfertilised winter crop or an unfertilised perennial grass. The three weed-control levels were defined by the outcome sought rather than the chemical a

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Bach, Thomas M., Christian A. Kull, and Haripriya Rangan. "From killing lists to healthy country: Aboriginal approaches to weed control in the Kimberley, Western Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 229 (January 2019): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.050.

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Scott, John K., Kathryn L. Batchelor, and Bruce L. Webber. "Long term monitoring of recruitment dynamics determines eradication feasibility for an introduced coastal weed." NeoBiota 50 (September 2, 2019): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.50.35070.

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Bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata) is a Weed of National Significance in Australia and has impacted a significant portion of the eastern coastline. Its discovery in Western Australia was, therefore, a cause for concern. Assessment and control of the isolated and well-defined population began in 2012. To assess the feasibility of eradication in Western Australia as a management outcome for bitou bush, we applied a rigorous data-driven quantification and prediction process to the control program. Between 2012 and 2018 we surveyed over 253 ha of land and removed 1766 bitou

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Johnston, W. H., P. S. Cornish, T. B. Koen, and V. F. Shoemark. "Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees. complex pastures in southern New South Wales, Australia: a comparison of Eragrostis curvula cv. Consol and Medicago sativa L. cv. Nova under intensive rotational management." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 10 (2005): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04080.

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The productivity, carrying capacity and liveweight performance of wether sheep grazing pastures of Eragrostis curvula cv. Consol and Medicago sativa cv. Nova, which were also sown with annual grasses and Trifolium subterraneum, were compared under an intensive 4-paddock rotational grazing regime in a ‘put-and-take’ grazing experiment at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales from November 1993 to August 1996. The productivity of the pastures was broadly similar, with production peaks of >1000 kg/ha in winter and >3000 kg/ha in spring and summer in paddocks that had been spelled for 6 weeks. Althou

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Monjardino, M., D. J. Pannell, and S. B. Powles. "The economic value of haying and green manuring in the integrated management of annual ryegrass and wild radish in a Western Australian farming system." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 12 (2004): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03144.

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Most cropping farms in Western Australia must deal with the management of herbicide-resistant populations of weeds such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum). Farmers are approaching the problem of herbicide resistance by adopting integrated weed management systems, which allow weed control with a range of different techniques. These systems include non-herbicide methods ranging from delayed seeding and high crop seeding rates to the use of non-cropping phases in the rotation. In this paper, the Multi-species RIM (resistance and integrated management) mode

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Vitelli, Joseph S., Barbara A. Madigan, and Peter E. van Haaren. "Control Techniques and Management Strategies for the Problematic Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 3, no. 3 (November 2010): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-09-00036.1.

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AbstractNavua sedge, a member of the Cyperaceae family, is an aggressive weed of pastures in Fiji, Sri Lanka, the Malay Peninsula, Vanuatu, Samoa, the Solomon Islands, and Tahiti and is now a weed of pastures and roadsides in north Queensland, Australia. Primarily restricted to areas with an annual rainfall exceeding 2,500 mm (98.4 in), Navua sedge is capable of forming dense stands, smothering many tropical pasture species. Seventeen herbicides were field tested at three sites in north Queensland, with glyphosate, halosulfuron, hexazinone, imazapic, imazapyr, or MSMA as the most effective for

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Borger, Catherine P. D., Abul Hashem, and Shahab Pathan. "Manipulating Crop Row Orientation to Suppress Weeds and Increase Crop Yield." Weed Science 58, no. 2 (June 2010): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-094.1.

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Crop rows oriented at a right angle to sunlight direction (i.e., east–west within the winter cropping system in Western Australia) may suppress weed growth through greater shading of weeds in the interrow spaces. This was investigated in the districts of Merredin and Beverley, Western Australian (latitudes of 31° and 32°S) from 2002 to 2005 (four trials). Winter grain crops (wheat, barley, canola, lupines, and field peas) were sown in an east–west or north–south orientation. Within wheat and barley crops oriented east–west, weed biomass (averaged throughout all trials) was reduced by 51 and 37

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Seymour, M. "Narbon bean (Vicia narbonensis) agronomy in south-western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 10 (2006): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04091.

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Narbon bean (Vicia narbonensis L.) shows promise as a fodder, green manure and grain crop in south-western Australia. This study examines the effect of time of sowing (2 experiments), plant density (3 experiments) and reaction to herbicides (4 experiments on tolerance to herbicides and 1 experiment on removing narbon bean from a wheat crop) in 10 separate field experiments sown at 4 locations in the mallee region of Western Australia from 1998 to 2001. Narbon bean was found to be unresponsive to changes in sowing date with yield maintained until the first week of June. The optimum plant densit

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