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Zou, Yunjia, Tao Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Wei Zhang, Ting Liu, and Hailun Dai. "Research on Photovoltaic Development in Northwestern China using Remote Sensing Images." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (May 11, 2024): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-909-2024.
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Abstract. Photovoltaics, a clean energy source, have received widespread attention worldwide recently. Many countries are carrying out photovoltaic construction, while also compiling and analyzing their photovoltaic development status. The same goes for China. In northwestern China, a considerable number of cities lack electricity. Meanwhile, its vast plains and abundant sunlight are conducive to the construction of photovoltaics. Therefore, the northwestern China has vigorously carried out photovoltaic construction nowadays. With the support of high-resolution and multi-temporal remote sensing images, we are able to analyze the development status of photovoltaics in these regions. We chose six provinces in northwestern China as our research areas and took three steps to complete our studies. Firstly, we extracted patterns of photovoltaics using deep learning methods. Secondly, based on the patterns and national land use survey data, we calculated the distribution and development status of photovoltaics in each province. Thirdly, we present the statistical results in figures and charts, showing the photovoltaic construction status and its development trend. We finally made conclusions and discussions about our insufficiency in work and future plans for further study.
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Hu, Boxun, Yanan Chen, Desheng Kong, and Yiming Yao. "Large, grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants renewable energy." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230328.
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As an essential part of renewable energy, the solar photovoltaic technic grows rapidly with two main types: off-grid and grid-connected systems. This paper focuses on grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants and introduces the main physical principles of solar photovoltaics. Typical components of solar photovoltaic power plants are also presented, along with their functions. The extraordinary environmental impact and the relatively low and decreasing cost of grid-connected solar photovoltaics reflect its excellent development potential. Compared with other energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaics provides an alternative to conventional fossil fuel generation. With the improvement of silicon purification technology and the working efficiency of solar batteries, the scale of grid-connected solar photovoltaics power plants will be further expanded.
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Zhang, Xirun, Siwei Li, Long Yu, Shuai Zhang, and Yue Du. "Optimal dispatching of distributed photovoltaic system based on operating costs." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2814, no. 1 (August 1, 2024): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2814/1/012017.
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Abstract This article investigates the method of distributed photovoltaic optimal dispatching method. The goal is to minimize the operating costs of the distribution network system by coordinating electric heating and distributed energy storage when adjusting the demand-side resources of the distribution network. The analysis is conducted on the operating costs of the distribution network system under different penetration rates of photovoltaics to further promote the accommodation capacity of distributed photovoltaics. The research results show that when the penetration rate of photovoltaics is less than or equal to 90%, only electric heating needs to participate in the accommodation capacity of distributed photovoltaics; when the photovoltaic penetration rate exceeds or equals 100%, both distributed energy storage and electric heating need to participate in the accommodation capacity of distributed photovoltaics. As the penetration rate of photovoltaics gradually increases, the total operating costs and purchased electricity costs show a downward trend. When the penetration rate of photovoltaics increases from 70% to 100%, the network loss costs decrease first, but when the penetration rate reaches 110%, photovoltaics cannot be completely integrated, leading to an increase in network loss costs and dispatching costs. This method fully utilizes the flexible adjusting capabilities of electric heating loads and distributed energy storage, promotes the accommodation capacity of distributed photovoltaics, and improves the economic efficiency of distribution network operation.
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Damayanti, S., and A. Dinaseviani. "Mapping of Household Photovoltaic Research in Indonesia: A literature review using bibliometric analysis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1344, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1344/1/012014.
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Abstract This research aims to undertake a bibliometric study on household photovoltaics within the Indonesian context. The objectives include mapping the global trends in publications related to household photovoltaics, mapping the trends within the Indonesian context, analyzing the performance of authors, affiliations, sources, and papers, identifying research hot topics, and determining research themes. This study utilized 122 Scopus-indexed articles. The findings reveal an increasing trend in the number of publications on household photovoltaics both globally and within the Indonesian context. In the Indonesian context, Tarigan, E stands out as the most relevant author, the University of Indonesia emerges as the most relevant affiliation, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science leads as the most relevant source, Renewable Energy takes the lead as the most influential source, and article title ’Energy and Economic Losses Caused by Dust on Residential Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Deployed in Different Climate Areas,’ stands out as the most influential. This study identified five themes as hot topics (Photovoltaic Quality and Performance, Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems, Net Metering and Inverter of Rooftop Photovoltaic in Indonesia, Monitoring System of Residential Solar Panels, and Technical and Economics of Solar Power Plants) and four research themes (The Adoption of Household Rooftop Photovoltaics and Influencing Factors, Design and Planning for Rooftop Solar Panel Deployment, Rooftop Photovoltaics Adoption and Renewable Energy Targets, and Economic Analysis of Rooftop Photovoltaic).
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Zhang, Weichen. "Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV." MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603012.
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Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.
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Yang, Shu-Xia, Yang Zhang, and Xiao-Yu Cheng. "Economic modeling of distributed photovoltaic penetration considering subsidies and countywide promotion policy: An empirical study in Beijing." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14, no. 5 (September 2022): 055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102574.
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Distributed photovoltaic power generation will not only help to achieve the strategic targets of peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutrality but also cause a series of impacts on the power grid at the same time. Forecasting the long-term development of regionally distributed photovoltaics can provide a reference for power grid planning and stable operation. In this paper, considering the effect of factors such as subsidies and countywide promotion policy of photovoltaics, a forecasting model for the development tendency of regionally distributed photovoltaics based on system dynamics is established. Then, taking Beijing as an example, an empirical analysis is carried out, and the effect of the proportion of self-consumption and the time when the subsidy is adjusted on distributed photovoltaic penetration is explored through sensitivity analysis. The simulation results show that the installed capacity achieved by the countywide promotion policy will become the main source of the installed capacity growth of distributed photovoltaics in Beijing after 2024. To continuously boost distributed photovoltaic penetration, relevant policymakers should consider the appropriate time when the subsidy is adjusted according to the installation cost of photovoltaic systems.
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Bulavko, Gennadiy. "Organic photovoltaics: A journey through time, advancements, and future opportunities." History of science and technology 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-1-10-32.
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This comprehensive study explores the realm of organic photovoltaics, a pivotal green energy technology, tracing its journey from early theoretical concepts to its current status as a promising avenue for sustainable energy production. The research meticulously examines the series of developmental milestones in the conversion of solar energy into electrical power, with a specialized focus on the evolution, technological advancements, and the inherent challenges faced by organic solar cells. Delving into the foundational aspects of organic photovoltaics, this paper reviews the initial discovery and subsequent enhancements in material science that have significantly influenced the efficiency and practicality of organic solar cells. It provides a detailed analysis of the various organic materials used over the years, including small molecules and polymers, discussing their light-absorbing capabilities, charge transport properties, and the innovative engineering behind the architectures of organic photovoltaic devices. A substantial portion of the study is dedicated to highlighting the unique advantages of organic photovoltaics, such as their lightweight nature, flexibility, and potential for low-cost production through roll-to-roll processes. These benefits are juxtaposed with the current limitations of organic photovoltaic technology, including comparatively lower efficiency and lifespan issues, to present a balanced perspective on the current state of organic photovoltaic development. Furthermore, the paper explores the environmental impact of organic solar cells, emphasizing their role in reducing carbon footprint and dependency on fossil fuels. It assesses the lifecycle analyses of organic photovoltaics, from manufacturing to disposal, to underscore their potential as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional photovoltaic technologies. In addressing the future prospects of organic photovoltaics, the research outlines the ongoing efforts in material innovation, device engineering, and scalability challenges. It discusses the role of interdisciplinary collaboration in overcoming the technical hurdles and enhancing the commercial viability of organic photovoltaics. The potential for integration of organic photovoltaics s into the urban landscape, wearable technology, and portable power sources is also explored, highlighting the versatile applications of organic solar cells in meeting the diverse energy needs of the modern world. In conclusion, this paper not only provides a thorough historical overview and current state analysis of organic photovoltaics but also forecasts the exciting advancements on the horizon. By identifying the critical factors for the success of organic photovoltaics and proposing strategic directions for future research, this study contributes valuable insights into the ongoing quest for renewable energy solutions. It calls for increased investment and research focus on organic photovoltaics as a key player in the global transition towards a sustainable and energy-efficient future.
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Kouloumpis, Victor, Antonios Kalogerakis, Anastasia Pavlidou, George Tsinarakis, and George Arampatzis. "Should Photovoltaics Stay at Home? Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Assessment on Roof-Mounted and Ground-Mounted Photovoltaics." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 9120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219120.
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Renewable energy technologies like photovoltaics may be considered an indispensable component of a low-carbon electricity mix, but social acceptance should not be taken for granted. For instance, in Greece there are still claims, especially in rural areas, regarding the land use and the competition against more traditional economic activities such as grazing. An argument in favor of confining to roof-mounted photovoltaic installations is the additional infrastructure requirements for ground-mounted larger-scale photovoltaics. These requirements reduce and could potentially negate their environmental benefits. The aim of this study is to investigate the life cycle environmental impacts of commercial ground-mounted photovoltaic farms and compare them against residential roof-mounted photovoltaic installations. Data were gathered for a 500 kW ground-mounted photovoltaic installation and for five roof-mounted installations of 10 kW capacity, each from the same area at the prefecture of Pella in Northern Greece. An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) was performed and results show that panel production is the main contributor for both types and that ground-mounted photovoltaics—when no transmission/distribution infrastructure is considered—have lower impacts than the roof-mounted residential photovoltaic installations for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. However, when located further than 10.22 km from grid connection, ground-mounted photovoltaics have higher impacts for almost all environmental impact categories.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, and Brian P. Dougherty. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic Test Facility*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385823.
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The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative ease in which photovoltaics can be incorporated within the building envelope, and the fact that buildings account for over 40% of the U.S. energy consumption. However, designers, architects, installers, and consumers need more information and analysis tools in order to judge the merits of building-integrated solar photovoltaic products. In an effort to add to the knowledge base, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multiple-year project to collect high quality experimental performance data. The data will be used to validate computer models for building integrated photovoltaics and, where necessary, to develop algorithms that may be incorporated within these models. This paper describes the facilities that have been constructed to assist in this effort. The facilities include a mobile tracking photovoltaic test facility, a building integrated photovoltaic test bed, an outdoor aging rack, and a meteorological station.
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Jonathan, Luke, Lina Jaya Diguna, Omnia Samy, Muqoyyanah Muqoyyanah, Suriani Abu Bakar, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto, and Amine El Moutaouakil. "Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Halide Materials for Photovoltaics towards Their Commercialization." Polymers 14, no. 5 (March 7, 2022): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14051059.
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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) photovoltaics have emerged as a promising new technology for the next generation of photovoltaics since their first development 10 years ago, and show a high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 29.3%. The power-conversion efficiency of these perovskite photovoltaics depends on the base materials used in their development, and methylammonium lead iodide is generally used as the main component. Perovskite materials have been further explored to increase their efficiency, as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate than silicon photovoltaics, which will lead to better commercialization. Even with these advantages, perovskite photovoltaics have a few drawbacks, such as their stability when in contact with heat and humidity, which pales in comparison to the 25-year stability of silicon, even with improvements are made when exploring new materials. To expand the benefits and address the drawbacks of perovskite photovoltaics, perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaics have been suggested as a solution in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. This tandem photovoltaic results in an increased PCE value by presenting a better total absorption wavelength for both perovskite and silicon photovoltaics. In this work, we summarized the advances in HOIP photovoltaics in the contact of new material developments, enhanced device fabrication, and innovative approaches to the commercialization of large-scale devices.
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Wei, Zhonghui, Xueqian Fu, Feifei Yang, and Shaoqian Fan. "Comprehensive Economic Benefits Evaluation Model of Greenhouse Photovoltaic." Journal of Solar Energy Research Updates 9 (August 17, 2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-2199.2022.09.04.
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Abstract: Photovoltaic integrated greenhouse has become an important form of deep coupling between new energy power generation and facility agriculture. Greenhouse photovoltaic power generation will affect the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment of facility agriculture. The precise coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaics and loads is to carry out the basis for the calculation of comprehensive economic benefits of greenhouse photovoltaics. This paper studies the deep coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaic and greenhouse load, and accurately calculates the changes in the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment regulation load of facility agriculture caused by the laying of greenhouse photovoltaics. Firstly, the greenhouse photovoltaic power generation model and the environmental regulation load model of facility agriculture are established; secondly, the coupling relationship between greenhouse photovoltaic power generation and facility agricultural load is described, and on this basis, the comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model of photovoltaic power generation is proposed. The 10kV medium-voltage distribution network and facility agricultural greenhouse that exist in the northern region are used as the research objects. It verifies the validity of the photovoltaic comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model proposed in this paper.
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MANASRAH, Ahmad, Mohammad MASOUD, Yousef JARADAT, and Ismael JANNOUD. "Advancements in Bifacial Photovoltaics: A Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Enhanced Performance." Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics 27 (August 15, 2024): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1518792.
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Bifacial photovoltaics have gained a lot of popularity in recent years given their ability to utilize scattered and reflected solar radiation from both sides of the panel. Although the price of a Bifacial module is generally higher than conventional mono-photovoltaic panel, it compensates for the higher energy generation per unit area. Even though the potential of Bifacial photovoltaics market is promising, their applications are still limited compared to mono-photovoltaics. However, researchers have been experimenting with Bifacial photovoltaics to exploit their capabilities in different applications and working scenarios, especially with Artificial Intelligence (AI) models. This study will focus on reviewing different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms that have been exploited and modified in order to be used with Bifacial system applications in the last three years of literature. Moreover, most popular ML algorithms are presented and discussed with respect to different Bifacial system parameters. Finally, a conclusion of future prospects and the potential of ML in bifacial photovoltaic industry and applications is presented.
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Zhang, Zhihan, Qiaoyu Wang, Demou Cao, and Kai Kang. "Impact of Photovoltaics." Modern Electronic Technology 5, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/met.v5i1.6315.
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Photovoltaics (PV) can convert sunlight into electricity by making use of the photovoltaic effect. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon) to utilise the photovoltaic effect and convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. Nowadays, PV has become the cheapest electrical power source with low price bids and low panel prices. The competitiveness makes it a potential path to mitigate the global warming. In this paper, we investigate the relationship of PC array output with irradiance and temperature, the performance of PV array over 24 hours period, and the simulation of PV micro grid by MATLAB simulation.
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Bourdoucen, Hadj, Joseph A. Jervase, Abdullah Al-Badi, Adel Gastli, and Arif Malik. "Photovoltaic Cells and Systems: Current State and Future Trends." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp185-207.
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Photovoltaics is the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy. Any photovoltaic system invariably consists of solar cell arrays and electric power conditioners. Photovoltaic systems are reliable, quiet, safe and both environmentally benign and self-sustaining. In addition, they are cost-effective for applications in remote areas. This paper presents a review of solar system components and integration, manufacturing, applications, and basic research related to photovoltaics. Photovoltaic applications in Oman are also presented. Finally, the existing and the future trends in technologies and materials used for the fabrication of solar cells are summarized.
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Ryu, Hwa Sook, Song Yi Park, Tack Ho Lee, Jin Young Kim, and Han Young Woo. "Recent progress in indoor organic photovoltaics." Nanoscale 12, no. 10 (2020): 5792–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00816h.
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Organic photovoltaics are a promising candidate for indoor applications. Recent progresses in optimization of indoor photovoltaic materials and devices, and the key strategies to optimize the indoor photovoltaic characteristics will be discussed.
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Oja Acik, Ilona. "5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics." Open Access Government 40, no. 1 (October 25, 2023): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-11117.
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5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics Emerging thin film photovoltaic technologies, currently being developed in research laboratories, are the EU’s key to unlocking its photovoltaic industry and ensuring the growth of a sustainable and green electricity market. The European Green Deal and its Fit for 55 initiative aim to transform Europe into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring the reduction of net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. Solar photovoltaics is considered as one of the cornerstones to achieve a green and carbon-neutral future. As the lowest-cost and most easily deployed clean energy technology, the installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity in Europe has reached almost 195 GW in 2022, and the REPowerEU plan targets to bring online over 320 GW of solar photovoltaic by 2025 and almost 600 GW by 2030.
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Fyali, Jibji-Bukar, and Anaya-Lara Olimpo. "Offline Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking." E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186406007.
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As more renewable energy sources are connected to the electrical grid, it has become important that these sources participate in providing system support. It has become needful for grid-connected solar photovoltaics to participate in support functions like frequency support. However, photovoltaic systems need to implement a maximum power tracking algorithm to operate at maximum power and a method for de-loading photovoltaic systems is necessary for participation in frequency support. Some conventional maximum power tracking techniques are implemented in real time and will not adjust their output fast enough to provide system support while other may respond fast but are not very efficient in tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic system. This paper presents an offline method to estimate the maximum power voltage and current based on the characteristics of the photovoltaics module available in the datasheet and using the estimated values to operate the photovoltaics at maximum power. The performance of this technique is compared to the conventional technique. This paper also describes how the photovoltaic system can be de-loaded.
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Xiong, Xuejun, Yajun Zhang, Yuyao Feng, Xiu Yang, Yu Jin, and Wenhao Li. "Unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2662, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2662/1/012026.
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Abstract With the vigorous development of new energy, more and more distributed household photovoltaics are connected to the distribution network. However, the high proportion of household photovoltaics can have many impacts on the operation of the distribution network. The power department needs to register users who have installed photovoltaics. However, due to the large user base and the high resource consumption of existing investigative methods, this article proposes an unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics. Firstly, a set of interpretable characteristics is proposed and characteristic extraction is performed on user electricity data. Then, based on interpretable characteristics, user electricity consumption patterns are clustered. Finally, the date when the user’s electricity consumption patterns change is captured to determine the user’s photovoltaic installation date. The simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly identify all photovoltaic installation dates within 10 days, which is in line with practical applications and policy requirements. It has certain practical significance and theoretical value for the development of photovoltaic installation date detection applications.
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Wang, Zheng, Yanli Xiao, Ye Wan, Ke Liu, and Xiyuan Wang. "Research on energy management strategy of photovoltaic–battery energy storage system." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 17 (2022): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctac024.
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Abstract Photovoltaics have the advantages of being clean and renewable and have gained a wide range of applications. It is promising to use photovoltaic energy for the power supply of buildings, as the building sector accounts for a large portion of global energy consumption with a constantly increasing trend. However, photovoltaics are greatly affected by time and environment, and it is usually combined with batteries to form a photovoltaic–battery energy storage system to meet the load demand. This paper aims to analyze and compare energy management strategies of an on-grid solar photovoltaic–battery system for a real building project in a typical May and October region, but unlike other studies, the strategies used in this paper are very simple and easy to implement. It can also realize photovoltaic, battery and grid to meet the load power demand. Two strategies are used in this paper. Strategy 1 is to maximize the utilization of the energy generated by photovoltaics: while the energy generated by photovoltaics cannot meet the load demand, the battery will provide energy, and while the battery cannot meet the load demand, the grid will provide energy. The photovoltaic energy is given priority to the battery under the premise of meeting the load demand. Strategy 2 is to use the time-of-use electricity price, and the battery obtains cheap electricity at night to meet the load of the high electricity price the next day. The feasibility of the strategy used is demonstrated by actual data of buildings and photovoltaic–battery energy storage systems. This study can provide theoretical references for the energy management and system operation to facility managers and building occupants.
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Vourdoubas, John. "Use of Solar Photovoltaics for the Achievement of the National Goals for Energy and Climate in Greece." European Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology 2, no. 5 (September 1, 2024): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejaset.2024.2(5).01.
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Solar photovoltaic technology grows rapid nowadays due to many advantages including the generation of low-cost electricity compared to other technologies. The Greek National Plan for Energy and Climate foresees that solar photovoltaic energy will have a pivotal role in the clean energy transition of the country. The energy generation from solar-PV systems in 2050 is foreseen to correspond at 32.47% of the electricity demand in Greece while the required land area for the installation of solar-PVs corresponds at 0.92% of the total area of the country. The installed power of solar photovoltaics in 2050 will correspond at 53.38% of the total installed power of renewable energy systems in Greece while the installed power of the power storage systems will correspond at 61.54% of the total installed power of solar-PVs. The majority of solar photovoltaic systems are nowadays installed either on the soil or on rooftops of buildings. However, more configurations for the installation of solar-PV systems are available including their installation in buildings’ facades, on the surface of water reservoirs, vertically on the ground and on the soil allowing the co-production of electricity and food. New types of solar-PV modules have emerged and some of them are already used commercially. These include, semi-transparent photovoltaics, double-phase photovoltaics, agrivoltaics and organic photovoltaics. The role of several external factors affecting positively or negatively the growth of solar photovoltaic systems in Greece have been analyzed according to PESTEL methodology.
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Vourdoubas, John. "Use of Solar Photovoltaics for the Achievement of the National Goals for Energy and Climate in Greece." European Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology 2, no. 5 (September 1, 2024): 4–15. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejaset.2024.2(5).01.
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Solar photovoltaic technology grows rapid nowadays due to many advantages including the generation of low-cost electricity compared to other technologies. The Greek National Plan for Energy and Climate foresees that solar photovoltaic energy will have a pivotal role in the clean energy transition of the country. The energy generation from solar-PV systems in 2050 is foreseen to correspond at 32.47% of the electricity demand in Greece while the required land area for the installation of solar-PVs corresponds at 0.92% of the total area of the country. The installed power of solar photovoltaics in 2050 will correspond at 53.38% of the total installed power of renewable energy systems in Greece while the installed power of the power storage systems will correspond at 61.54% of the total installed power of solar-PVs. The majority of solar photovoltaic systems are nowadays installed either on the soil or on rooftops of buildings. However, more configurations for the installation of solar-PV systems are available including their installation in buildings’ facades, on the surface of water reservoirs, vertically on the ground and on the soil allowing the co-production of electricity and food. New types of solar-PV modules have emerged and some of them are already used commercially. These include, semi-transparent photovoltaics, double-phase photovoltaics, agrivoltaics and organic photovoltaics. The role of several external factors affecting positively or negatively the growth of solar photovoltaic systems in Greece have been analyzed according to PESTEL methodology.
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Anduła, Angelika, and Dariusz Heim. "Photovoltaic systems – types of installations, materials, monitoring and modeling - review." Acta Innovations, no. 34 (March 1, 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.34.4.
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Photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for, both small residential buildings as well as large service buildings. When buildings are being designed, it is important to focus on the aspect of the object’s energy efficiency as lowering the energy consumption of a given facility is crucial. The article discusses the use of photovoltaic panels such as so-called BAPV (Building Applied Photovoltaics) and BIPV (Building Installed Photovoltaics) installations as well as photovoltaic thermal systems (PV/T), which generate both electricity and heat. The role of PV installation in so-called zero energy buildings and proposals for future research and solutions are also discussed.
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Kudzanayi Chiteka, Rajesh Arora, and Christopher C. Enweremadu. "Comparative Numerical Energy and Performance Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power Generation." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 117, no. 1 (May 17, 2024): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.1.164178.
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This study analyses fixed and tracking solar photovoltaics and, solar thermal power. Performance in different locations was analysed for each configuration and technology using simulations based on a Typical Meteorological Year data. The study analysed a 25MWp solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants in each of the eleven selected locations in Zimbabwe. The performance of the solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants under different meteorological variables were assessed for all the selected locations. It was shown that different configurations together with different technologies have different conversion efficiencies. A high solar thermal conversion efficiency was found to be 18.718% in Gweru while it was 15.502% for solar photovoltaics in Mutare. The study also showed that highest insolation and clearness index values were found in Gweru. The average energy generated by the fixed photovoltaic collectors, tracking photovoltaic collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant were respectively 47.38GWh, 68.18GWh and 192.86GWh. There was a maximum percentage difference in the LCoE generated of 32.03% between the fixed PV collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant and a difference of 4.74% was realised between the tracking photovoltaics and Concentration Solar Power.
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Sim, Yeon Hyang, Min Ju Yun, Seung I. Cha, and Dong Yoon Lee. "Fractal solar cell array for enhanced energy production: applying rules underlying tree shape to photovoltaics." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, no. 2239 (July 2020): 20200094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0094.
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Plants and photovoltaics share the same purpose as harvesting sunlight. Therefore, botanical studies could lead to new breakthroughs in photovoltaics. However, the basic mechanism of photosynthesis is different to semiconductor-based photovoltaics and the gap between photosynthesis and solar cells must be bridged before we can apply the botanical principles to photovoltaics. In this study, we analysed the role of the fractal structures found in plants in light harvesting based on a simplified model, rotated the structures by 90° and applied them to fractal-structured photovoltaic Si solar cell arrays. Adoption of botanically inspired fractal structures can result in solar cell arrays with omnidirectional properties, and in this case, yielded a 25% enhancement in electric energy production. The fractal structure used in this study was two-dimensional and symmetric; investigating and optimizing three-dimensional asymmetric fractal structures would further enhance the performance of photovoltaics. Furthermore, this study represents only the first step towards the development of a new type of photovoltaics based on botanical principles, and points to further aspects of botanical knowledge that could be exploited, in addition to plant fractal structures. For example, leaf anatomy, phyllotaxis and chloroplastic mechanisms could be applied to the design of new types of photovoltaics.
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Emmott, Christopher J. M., Jason A. Röhr, Mariano Campoy-Quiles, Thomas Kirchartz, Antonio Urbina, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes, and Jenny Nelson. "Organic photovoltaic greenhouses: a unique application for semi-transparent PV?" Energy & Environmental Science 8, no. 4 (2015): 1317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee03132f.
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Karasmanaki, Evangelia, Konstantinos Ioannou, Georgios Siakas, Spyros Galatsidas, and Georgios Tsantopoulos. "A Qualitative Analysis of Factors Leading to the Adoption of Residential Photovoltaics." Energies 18, no. 8 (April 17, 2025): 2071. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18082071.
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Although previous quantitative studies have examined various elements involved in the adoption of residential photovoltaic systems, there has been weaker emphasis on qualitative research despite its ability to understand the complexities behind adoption decisions. This article analyzes data from in-depth interviews with adopters and identifies emerging themes about the factors leading householders to adopt residential photovoltaic systems. Thematic analysis identified five key themes related to the economic, environmental, social and technological motives and barriers to adopting residential photovoltaics. Adopters’ main motive was to acquire an additional regular income, which, inter alia, would enable them to cover anticipated expenses such as costs linked to having children at university. Many adopters also combined the adoption with life events such as house renovations. The adoption of photovoltaics was also seen as providing a safe way to invest savings. Moreover, most adopters identified themselves as technology enthusiasts indicating the positive effect of technophilia on residential photovoltaic adoption. Despite having installed photovoltaics, participants recognized that adoption can be inhibited by high capital cost, investment taxation and limited grid capacity. The similarities and variety in the decision-making patterns identified in this study can be used to develop or improve strategies aiming at increasing residential photovoltaic adoption.
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Wang, Qiang, Yan Liang, Hui Yao, Jianwei Li, Tianwei Liu, Thomas Frauenheim, Bin Wang, and Jian Wang. "Universal co-existence of photovoltaics and ferroelectricity from a two-dimensional 3R bilayer BX (X = P, As, Sb)." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 3 (2022): 1048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc03166j.
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Duan, Hsin-Sheng, Huanping Zhou, Qi Chen, Pengyu Sun, Song Luo, Tze-Bin Song, Brion Bob, and Yang Yang. "The identification and characterization of defect states in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite photovoltaics." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 1 (2015): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04479g.
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Kumar, Ashish, and J. P. Kesari. "Current Scenario of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPVs)." Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2395) 3, no. 10 (October 31, 2016): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nneee.v3i10.167.
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The Building-incorporated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic (PV) materials that are used to supplant traditional/conventional building materials that are being used in construction of building covering, for instance, the roof tiles, front windows, or veneers. Further, they represent a strong, versatile and eco-friendly means for attaining the goal of ever increasing power demand for zero energy and zero emission buildings of the adjacent future. In this regard, BIPVs may offer an aesthetically pleasing, costeffective and real-world solution, to integrate photovoltaic solar cells (BIPVs) reaping solar radiationto produce electricity along with climate protection of the buildings. This research work précises thecurrent stage of the development in the Building-integrated Photovoltaic systems and the scope of future research in building integration of photovoltaics, incorporating the latest and innovational ideas and features of BIPVs which include BIPV tiles& modules, BIPV foils,and solar power cell glazing products.
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Wang, Zonglin, Shengli Wang, Xin Zhang, Yan Guo, and Ze Wang. "Three-stage Coordinated Dispatching of Wind Power-Photovoltaic-CSP-Thermal Power Combined Generation System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2356, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2356/1/012004.
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Aiming at the problem that the grid connection of intermittent renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics brings great uncertainty to the power system, a three-stage coordinated scheduling strategy of wind power-photovoltaic-concentrated solar energy is proposed. CSP Combined heat and power system. In the first stage, based on the day-ahead forecast data of wind power, photovoltaics and load, a “peak shaving” model of the combination of wind power-photovoltaic-CSP was established. In the second stage, according to the value of the remaining load after optimization in the first stage, a day-ahead economic dispatch model for thermal power units is established. In the third stage, based on the start-stop status and output of thermal power units in the first and second stages, the output of CSP plants and the intraday forecast data of wind power, photovoltaics, and loads, the establishment of an intraday thermal power joint regulation model and the establishment unit and CSP stations are established, and intraday scheduling plans are arranged. Case analysis shows that the proposed CHP system scheduling strategy can be supplemented by thermal power and CSP during load peak and trough periods, thereby minimizing the uncertainty brought by grid integration of wind power and photovoltaics. Introduce.
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Fan, Zijian, and Xiao Wei. "Analysis of energy storage optimization configuration based on the new rural energy system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2903, no. 1 (November 1, 2024): 012035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2903/1/012035.
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Abstract Due to the influence of weather factors, distributed photovoltaics exhibit a characteristic of high output in the afternoon and low output in the evening, resulting in an imbalanced supply and demand of rural electricity, a low utilization rate of distributed photovoltaics, and slow progress in poverty alleviation in rural areas. This paper proposes a distributed energy storage optimization configuration model that takes into account various factors such as rural household electricity consumption, aquaculture load power supply characteristics, distributed photovoltaic output characteristics, and the lease period of distributed energy storage box battery modules. The optimization objective is to maximize the benefits of distributed photovoltaic systems in rural areas and minimize the investment costs of farmers, with distributed photovoltaic capacity and the lease period of distributed energy storage as decision variables. Further, considering the problem of the Slap Swarm Algorithm being prone to falling into local optima when solving the model, a set of optimal points is introduced to initialize the population and improve the algorithm’s global search ability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model was verified through a comprehensive example of rural distributed photovoltaics.
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Bazylevych, Mykola Volodymyrovych. "DETERMINATION OF THE MAXIMUM VOLTAGE AT THE PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT CONNECTION POINT." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Energy: Reliability and Energy Efficiency, no. 1 (2) (July 2, 2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2224-0349.2021.01.02.
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The modes of the electrical network have not been calculated for the photovoltaic power plants if they are used for small and medium-sized applications. It is known that the voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant may exceed the critical limit voltage and as a result it may cause the emergency with the electrical equipment. According to the existing methods, it is possible to find the voltage only by full electrical network modes calculating. In practice such calculation is not convenient, especially for 0.4 kV distribution networks. The suggestion is to find the most probable limit voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without calculating the mode of the electrical network using instead the information about the voltage value in the power supply centre. The voltage at the installation point of the photovoltaic power plant mainly depends on the generated power of the photovoltaics power plant, line resistance, load power connected to a voltage of 0.4 kV and bus voltages of 0.4 kV of the power supply. The voltage hardly depends on the power of the power transformer, the parameters of 10 kV lines and the parameters of 0.4 kV lines, except for the line "power centre–photovoltaic power plant". The highest voltage at the point of installation of the photovoltaics power plant will be in the case when the load on the line is absent. The suggested methods allow finding analytically the maximum value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without using of the successive approximations methods. As a rule the photovoltaics power plant operates in the mode of delivery of the maximum active power. By the range of various analytical formulas, the value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant has been determined. The accuracy of finding the voltage by different formulas has also been determined. It is established that in order to achieve the required accuracy, the dependence of the current at the output of the photovoltaics power plant on the voltage at the connection point should be taken into account. Modification of formulas for the purpose of simplification of their application is considered. The conditions for finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant are considered. This requires that the argument of the voltage drop vector on the line be equal to the argument of the voltage vector on the busbars of the power supply. This is achieved by the fact that the photovoltaic power plant generates active and reactive power in a certain ratio. It is shown the inexpediency of finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant due to a small difference with the most possible voltage value with a significant complication of calculations.
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Adikaari, A. A. D. T., D. M. N. M. Dissanayake, N. K. Mudugamuwa, and S. R. P. Silva. "Nano Engineered Organic-Inorganic Material Systems for Photovoltaics." Advanced Materials Research 67 (April 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.67.1.
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Organic-inorganic photovoltaic systems which attempt to integrate benefits of both material types in terms of ease of fabrication, stability and efficiency are reviewed. Three broad categories; inorganic-small molecule systems, carbon naotube incorporated organic photovoltaics and nanostructured organic surfaces-based photovoltaics have been discussed with reference to recent literature. Nanocrystal-organic systems are designed to improve broadband photon collection possibilty, nanostructred organic surfaces-based systems attempt to enhance exciton dissociation at the increased area interface. Incorporation of carbon nanotubes in donor-acceptor type photovoltaic systems have been shown as a technique to mitigate drawbacks from short carrier diffusion lengths of organic materials. The concepts present new opportunities for complex photovoltaic systems, which need to be cheap, large area and efficient in order to arrive at an economically viable level for mass uptake.
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Brito, Miguel Centeno. "Assessing the Impact of Photovoltaics on Rooftops and Facades in the Urban Micro-Climate." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 2717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112717.
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This work addresses the potential impact of large-scale deployment of photovoltaics in the urban environment on the local micro-climate. A one- and two-dimensional steady-state irradiance balance model was developed to estimate the impact of changing the effective albedo of rooftops and facades fully covered with photovoltaic modules. Results show that, albeit small, with current PV conversion efficiencies, photovoltaics on rooftops are expected to have a heating effect on the urban environment. The effect of facades depends strongly on the reflective properties of the surroundings (e.g., road albedo) but it is always small (below 4%), and, therefore, photovoltaics ought not to be considered a mitigation strategy for urban heat island.
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Ordoumpozanis, Konstantinos, Theodoros Theodosiou, Dimitrios Bouris, and Katerina Tsikaloudaki. "Energy and thermal modeling of building façade integrated photovoltaics." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 3 (2018): 921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170905025o.
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Electricity generation on site is a design challenge aiming at supporting the concept of energy-autonomous building. Many projects worldwide have promoted the installation of photovoltaic panels on urban buildings, aiming at utilizing a large area to produce electricity. In most cases, photovoltaics are considered strictly as electricity generators, neglecting their effect to the efficiency and to the thermal behaviour of the building envelope. The integrated performance of photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades, where the photovoltaics are regarded as part of a complicated envelope system, provides design challenges and problems that cannot be overlooked within the framework of the Nearly Zero Energy Building concept. In this study, a finite volume model for photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades is developed, experimentally validated and found to have a significant convergence to measured data.
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Wang, Ding, Ming Xu, Wei Cao, Luxi Hao, Lingyi Chen, and Zhihao Ning. "Analysis and Evaluation of Bearing Capacity of Distributed Photovoltaic Connected to Hunan Power Grid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2564, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2564/1/012036.
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Abstract The development of distributed power in Hunan Province is mainly photovoltaic, with an average annual growth rate of 16.4% in the past five years. By the end of October 2022, Hunan’s distributed photovoltaic installed capacity is 3.06 million kilowatts, accounting for 54.6% of the total photovoltaic installed capacity, which exceeds the centralized photovoltaic installed capacity. Due to the rapid large-scale development of distributed photovoltaics, it is common that the actual operation scale exceeds the contemporaneous planning. In addition, Hunan distributed photovoltaic access is concentrated in northern and southern Hunan, while in southern Hunan, due to a large number of local clean energy, a large number of distributed photovoltaic access will increase the output of terminal power supply, which can seriously cause the grid power flow to reverse. This paper takes the power grid topology in southern Hunan as an example of carrying out the bearing capacity assessment of regional distributed photovoltaic access to the power grid. This method guides the rational layout of distributed photovoltaics and stably ensures the operation of the Hunan power grid.
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Yang, Shaobo, Xuekai Hu, Zengze Tu, Rui Yin, Yufei Zhang, Jiapeng Li, Lei Wang, and Liang Meng. "A Distributed Photovoltaic Aggregation Method Considering Photovoltaic Output Characteristics and Active Voltage Sensitivity." Electronics 14, no. 5 (February 25, 2025): 917. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14050917.
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With the large-scale integration of distributed photovoltaics, the morphology and characteristics of distribution networks are becoming increasingly complex. Accurate and efficient modeling of distributed photovoltaic aggregation is of significant importance for the planning and operation of new distribution networks. In this study, we first evaluated the similarity of different photovoltaic generation units by integrating the output characteristics of photovoltaic systems and the sensitivity indicators of grid connection points, proposing a distributed photovoltaic clustering method based on the K-means algorithm. Secondly, the output of the photovoltaic aggregation cluster was calculated using the capacity-weighting method. An equivalent network connecting various photovoltaic clusters was constructed based on the node elimination of the admittance matrix, and a modeling method for distributed photovoltaic aggregation was developed. Finally, the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper was verified through the IEEE-33 test system. The results show that the distributed photovoltaics aggregation modeling method proposed in this paper can effectively simplify network topologies and improve the accuracy of the calculation results while also improving the efficiency of power flow analysis.
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Brabec, Christoph J., Jens A. Hauch, Pavel Schilinsky, and Christoph Waldauf. "Production Aspects of Organic Photovoltaics and Their Impact on the Commercialization of Devices." MRS Bulletin 30, no. 1 (January 2005): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2005.10.
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AbstractThe essential cost-driving factor for the production of classical photovoltaic devices is the expensive investment in costly semiconductor processing technologies. This unfavorable cost structure has so far prohibited the technology from having a significant impact on global energy production. Nevertheless, the continued high interest in photovoltaics originates from the fact that they represent the only truly portable renewable-energy conversion technology available today. Therefore, the potential of fabricating organic photovoltaic elements on low-cost, thin plastic substrates by standard printing and coating techniques and packaged by lamination is not only intriguing, but highly attractive from a cost standpoint. In this article, we discuss the economic and technical production aspects for organic photovoltaics.
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Tian, Fuhao, Jiaxi Chen, Yikai Sun, Sheyu Zhou, Hongji Yang, and Xiran Wang. "Low Carbon Economic Dispatch of Rural Distribution Network under High Photovoltaic Penetration." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2636, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2636/1/012005.
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Abstract To promote the low-carbon development of the power grid, the penetration rate of distribution photovoltaics in power systems has greatly increased. Some distribution networks may switch roles between energy producers and energy consumers multiple times a day. Especially in rural areas with low loads and abundant land resources, a large number of distributed photovoltaics may increase the energy balancing burden of the transmission system. To address this, the optimal operation of local resources is the key to the local accommodation of photovoltaics. In rural distribution networks, the light industrial load and agricultural load in rural distribution networks have similar electricity consumption behavior, and are suitable for centralized load management. This article proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model of rural distribution networks under high photovoltaic penetration.. In specific, the light industrial load and the agricultural load are modeled considering their production requirements. Carbon emission costs and photovoltaic consumption costs are incorporated into the dispatch model of the distribution network. The case study is conducted based on a rural distribution network. The results of the case study indicated that the proposed model could increase the photovoltaic absorption rate by 10.96% and reduce carbon emissions by 3.4% for the test system.
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Vourdoubas, John. "Estimation of Solar Electricity Generation from Floating Photovoltaics Installed in Water Dams in the Island of Crete, Greece." European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 4, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2023.4.1.376.
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The role of solar energy for heat and power generation is very important during the transition to a low carbon economy. Floating solar photovoltaics consists of a novel and rapidly growing sustainable energy technology having many advantages compared to conventional ground-mounted solar photovoltaic systems. Aim of the current research is the investigation of the possibility of installing floating photovoltaics in the existing water reservoirs in the island of Crete, Greece. Data on existing water dams in Crete were used and the nominal power of floating photovoltaics as well as their potential for electricity generation were evaluated. It has been estimated that the nominal power of floating photovoltaics that can be installed in these water dams, with coverage ratio at 0.1 to 0.3, varies between 55.76 MWp to 167.3 MWp while the annual electricity generation from the floating photovoltaics varies between 78.3 GWh to 234.9 GWh. The annual electricity generation from the abovementioned floating panels corresponds at 2.57 % to 7.72 % of the annual electricity consumption in Crete in 2018. Our study indicates that floating solar photovoltaics can be installed in the existing water dams in Crete generating significant amounts of green electricity having also various environmental co-benefits. The current work could be useful to policy makers, local and regional authorities, energy companies as well as to owners of the water dams in the island.
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Liu, Hai-Ying, Nikolaos Skandalos, Liga Braslina, Vasileios Kapsalis, and Dimitris Karamanis. "Integrating Solar Energy and Nature-Based Solutions for Climate-Neutral Urban Environments." Solar 3, no. 3 (July 13, 2023): 382–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solar3030022.
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This study focuses on achieving climate neutrality in European cities by integrating solar energy technologies and nature-based solutions. Through an examination of current practices, emerging trends, and case examples, the study explores the benefits, challenges, and prospects associated with this integration in urban contexts. A pioneering approach is presented to assess the urban heat and climate change mitigation benefits of combining building-integrated photovoltaics and nature-based solutions within the European context. The results highlight the synergistic relationship between nature-based components and solar conversion technology, identifying effective combinations for different climatic zones. In Southern Europe, strategies such as rooftop photovoltaics on cool roofs, photovoltaic shadings, green walls, and urban trees have demonstrated effectiveness in warmer regions. Conversely, mid- and high-latitude European cities have seen positive impacts through the integration of rooftop photovoltaics and photovoltaic facades with green roofs and green spaces. As solar cell conversion efficiency improves, the environmental impact of photovoltaics is expected to decrease, facilitating their integration into urban environments. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating water bodies, cool pavements, spaces with high sky-view factors, and effective planning in urban design to maximize resilience benefits. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of prioritizing mitigation actions in low-income regions and engaging citizens in the development of social photovoltaics-positive energy houses, resilient neighbourhoods, and green spaces. By adopting these recommendations, European cities can create climate-neutral urban environments that prioritize clean energy, nature-based solutions, and the overall wellbeing of residents. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach combining technological innovation, urban planning strategies, and policy frameworks to effectively achieve climate neutrality.
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Zhou, Fu Fang, Qing Lan Ma, Yuan Ming Huang, Zhuo Ran She, and Chun Xu Pan. "Effects of Phosphoric Acid on the Photovoltaic Properties of Photovoltaic Cells with Laminated Polypyrrole-Fullerene Layers." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.861.
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By applying phosphoric acid in dispersion of fullerene in the fabrication of polypyrrolefullerene photovoltaic cells we present laminated active structure of polypyrrole and subsequent fullerene layers, with two other reference methods to incorporate fullerene: (i) in a physically blended monolayer; and (ii) in a blend from chemical reaction. I-V characteristics show that a blend monolayer cell can display photosensitive effect however without photovoltaics; a bilayer cell displays photovoltaics either in dark or in illumination, with its VOC up to1V and its JSC up to12.5 μA cm-2 under AM1 105 mW cm-2 condition. The results demonstrate that phosphoric acid is effective in dispersion of fullerene as well as combining it with polypyrrole layer in a photovoltaic cell. The effects of phosphoric acid in fabricating a bilayered photovoltaic cell are discussed mainly in terms of H-bonding.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty, and Mark W. Davis. "Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 1 (January 27, 2003): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1531642.
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Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today’s $2 billion dollar photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is the lack of validated predictive simulation tools needed to make informed economic decisions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multi-year project to compare the measured performance of BIPV panels to the predictions of photovoltaic simulation tools. The existing simulation models require input parameters that characterize the electrical performance of BIPV panels subjected to various meteorological conditions. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and test procedures used to capture the required parameters. Results are presented for custom fabricated mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, and silicon film BIPV panels and a commercially available triple junction amorphous silicon panel.
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Zhang, Yingtian, Huaiyan Ren, Huawei Zhou, Peipei Luo, Qi Wan, Xianxi Zhang, Bo Wang, Baoli Chen, and Bo Zhang. "Efficient CO2 Electrocarboxylation Using Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaics." Molecules 30, no. 1 (December 26, 2024): 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30010040.
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This paper presents the solar-driven electrocarboxylation of 2-bromopyridine (2-BP) with CO2 into high-value-added chemicals 2-picolinic acid (2-PA) using dye-sensitized photovoltaics under simulated sunlight. Using three series-connected photovoltaic modules and an Ag electrode with excellent catalytic performance, a Faraday efficiency (FE) of 33.3% is obtained for 2-PA under mild conditions. The experimental results show that photovoltaics-driven systems for electrocarboxylation conversion of CO2 with heterocyclic halide to afford value-added heterocyclic carboxylic acid are feasible and effective.
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Hu, Mengjin, Zhao Liu, Yaohuan Huang, Mengju Wei, and Bo Yuan. "Estimation of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Potential Based on High-Resolution Images and Digital Surface Models." Buildings 13, no. 11 (October 25, 2023): 2686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112686.
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Buildings are important components of urban areas, and the construction of rooftop photovoltaic systems plays a critical role in the transition to renewable energy generation. With rooftop solar photovoltaics receiving increased attention, the problem of how to estimate rooftop photovoltaics is under discussion; building detection from remote sensing images is one way to address it. In this study, we presented an available approach to estimate a building’s rooftop solar photovoltaic potential. A rapid and accurate rooftop extraction method was developed using object-based image classification combining normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital surface models (DSMs), and a method for the identification of suitable rooftops for solar panel installation by analysing the geographical restrictions was proposed. The approach was validated using six scenes from Beijing that were taken using Chinese Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite imagery and Pleiades imagery. A total of 176 roofs in six scenarios were suitable for PV installation, and the estimated photovoltaic panel area was 205,827 m2. The rooftop photovoltaic potential was estimated to total 22,551 GWh. The results indicated that the rooftop photovoltaic potential estimation method performs well.
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Herlambang, I. F., S. Lestari, and T. Yuniarti. "Optimizing Solar Potential: Site Potential Selection for Floating Photovoltaics in the Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1343, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1343/1/012022.
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Abstract Green energy is considered an essential solution to address the world’s energy scarcity. However, there are several technologies available for producing green energy, including photovoltaics, with a specific focus on floating photovoltaics. The application of photovoltaics on water surfaces can enhance the cooling effect of solar modules, thereby achieving optimal temperatures. The implementation of floating photovoltaics should be approached with careful consideration, for instance, hydrodynamic aspects, reservoir water level fluctuations, forest shadow effects, and safety distance from Dam Facilities. Furthermore, in light of the relocation of the Indonesian National Capital City from Jakarta to Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), the city’s green energy options must be thoroughly studied and researched. The Sepaku Semoi Dam is located in Penajam Paser Utara, Kalimantan Timur, and is designated as a flood control and raw rater supplier for IKN. In this research, hydrodynamic simulations using MIKE 21 were conducted to determine water surface velocities. These results were then combined with reservoir depth and the location of areas unaffected by forest shadows. The outcome of this analysis revealed that 15.2% of the water surface area in the Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir has the potential for installing floating photovoltaics. With an energy density of floating photovoltaic around 100 MW/km2, Sepaku Semoi Dam Reservoir would produce 50.83 MW. As a result, this research has generated a Potential Location Map for Floating Photovoltaics in Sepaku Semoi Reservoir Dam Reservoir.
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Abu Hamed, Tareq, Nadja Adamovic, Urs Aeberhard, Diego Alonso-Alvarez, Zoe Amin-Akhlaghi, Matthias Auf der Maur, Neil Beattie, et al. "Multiscale in modelling and validation for solar photovoltaics." EPJ Photovoltaics 9 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2018008.
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Photovoltaics is amongst the most important technologies for renewable energy sources, and plays a key role in the development of a society with a smaller environmental footprint. Key parameters for solar cells are their energy conversion efficiency, their operating lifetime, and the cost of the energy obtained from a photovoltaic system compared to other sources. The optimization of these aspects involves the exploitation of new materials and development of novel solar cell concepts and designs. Both theoretical modeling and characterization of such devices require a comprehensive view including all scales from the atomic to the macroscopic and industrial scale. The different length scales of the electronic and optical degrees of freedoms specifically lead to an intrinsic need for multiscale simulation, which is accentuated in many advanced photovoltaics concepts including nanostructured regions. Therefore, multiscale modeling has found particular interest in the photovoltaics community, as a tool to advance the field beyond its current limits. In this article, we review the field of multiscale techniques applied to photovoltaics, and we discuss opportunities and remaining challenges.
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Jiang, Wen. "Cost–Benefit Analysis of China’s Whole County PV Program: A Case Study of Julu County, Hebei Province." Journal of World Economy 2, no. 4 (December 2023): 23–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jwe.2023.12.03.
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Solar photovoltaics’ rising efficiency is increasingly considered the key to achieving carbon neutrality targets in various countries. The Chinese government implemented a variety of regulations from both the supply and demand sides to assist in the development of distributed photovoltaics in the second decade of the twenty-first century. The whole county-wide photovoltaic promotion project, announced in 2021, is regarded as one of the most important new energy development projects in China in the coming years. The paper examines the cost and benefits of a pilot whole-county distributed photovoltaics project in Julu County, Hebei Province, from the perspectives of different stakeholders. The analysis shows that as China enters the era of grid parity, the whole county’s distributed photovoltaics programme still exhibits robust economic, social, and environmental performance in locations with abundant solar resources. And different business models have a significant impact on the distribution of interests among stakeholders. The goal of this paper is to offer effective policy recommendations for promoting the development of distributed new energy beyond urban areas.
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Piotrowska-Woroniak, Joanna. "The Photovoltaic Installation Application in the Public Utility Building." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 517–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2017-0034.
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Abstract The article presents the use of photovoltaic installation in a building with office space and a section for kindergarten to support the production of electricity using solar energy. Accepted technological installation solution, capital expenditures to be incurred for the project and payback time are shown. Paper presents the results of the performance simulation of the PV system adopted depending on the angle of photovoltaic panels. Designed photovoltaic installation consists of 62 panels with a total nominal power of 15.5 kW. The use of photovoltaics in the facility allow reducing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere by approximately 52%. In Poland, most of the electricity produced is still based on coal and lignite. Photovoltaics is one of the renewable sources of energy, so-called “Green” energy. The investment could be made thanks to the Regional Operational Programme Podlaski, Activity 5.2 Development of local infrastructure, environmental protection 2007-2013.
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Marques Lameirinhas, Ricardo A., João Paulo N. Torres, and João P. de Melo Cunha. "A Photovoltaic Technology Review: History, Fundamentals and Applications." Energies 15, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051823.
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Photovoltaic technology has become a huge industry, based on the enormous applications for solar cells. In the 19th century, when photoelectric experiences started to be conducted, it would be unexpected that these optoelectronic devices would act as an essential energy source, fighting the ecological footprint brought by non-renewable sources, since the industrial revolution. Renewable energy, where photovoltaic technology has an important role, is present in 3 out of 17 United Nations 2030 goals. However, this path cannot be taken without industry and research innovation. This article aims to review and summarise all the meaningful milestones from photovoltaics history. Additionally, an extended review of the advantages and disadvantages among different technologies is done. Photovoltaics fundamentals are also presented from the photoelectric effect on a p-n junction to the electrical performance characterisation and modelling. Cells’ performance under unusual conditions are summarised, such as due to temperature variation or shading. Finally, some applications are presented and some project feasibility indicators are analysed. Thus, the review presented in this article aims to clarify to readers noteworthy milestones in photovoltaics history, summarise its fundamentals and remarkable applications to catch the attention of new researchers for this interesting field.