Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / PI and GI

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Artykuły w czasopismach
Rozprawy doktorskie
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Części książek
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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „PI and GI”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 19 lipca 2025

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "PI and GI"

Seraphim, Ana Paula Castilho Garcia, Fernando Yamamoto Chiba, Renato Felipe Pereira, Maria Sara de Lima Coutinho Mattera, Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz, and Doris Hissako Sumida. "Relationship among Periodontal Disease, Insulin Resistance, Salivary Cortisol, and Stress Levels during Pregnancy." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 2 (2016): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600596.

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Abstract Pregnancy is a period involving important metabolic changes that enable the maintenance of the mother's health and development of the fetus. This study aimed to assess the relationship among periodontal disease, insulin resistance, salivary cortisol concentration and level of perceived stress in pregnant women. This was a cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 96 pregnant women between the fifth and seventh month of pregnancy registered at the Basic Health Units of the Unified Health System (SUS). The periodontal condition was assessed after obtainment free and informed consent from the participants. Participants were divided into three groups: control subjects with a healthy periodontal condition (CN; n=46), patients with gingivitis (GI; n=26), and patients with periodontitis (PI; n=24). Saliva and blood samples were collected for evaluation of salivary cortisol concentration, glycemia, insulinemia and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance index. A validated survey for the assessment of perceived stress levels was also performed. PI group showed significantly higher (p<0.05) blood glucose levels (CN: 4.43±0.05; GI: 4.46±0.04; PI: 4.68±0.08), insulinemy (CN: 6.93±0.45; GI: 8.87±0.79; PI: 12.77±1.30), insulin resistance (CN: 1.40±0.10; GI: 1.81±0.18; PI: 2.66±0.29) compared with the CN and GI groups. The levels of perceived stress were higher (p<0.05) in PI and GI groups when compared to CN group (CN: 20.5±1.26; GI: 25.8±1.95; PI: 26.6±1.36). There was no significant difference in the concentration of salivary cortisol between the groups (CN: 11.13±0.58; GI: 11.96±0.74; PI: 11.47±0.74). It was concluded that there is a relationship between higher levels of perceived stress, insulin resistance and the occurrence of periodontal disease during pregnancy. This study emphasizes the importance of preventing periodontitis in order to avoid insulin resistance and stress during pregnancy since these can cause systemic complications for the mother and the fetus.

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WANG, Lihong, Hideki HAYASHI, Kazuhiro KISHI та ін. "Gi-mediated translocation of GLUT4 is independent of p85/p110α and p110γ phosphoinositide 3-kinases but might involve the activation of Akt kinase". Biochemical Journal 345, № 3 (2000): 543–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3450543.

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Activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) is essential for insulin-stimulated translocation of GLUT4 and glucose transport in insulin target tissues. A novel p110γ PI-3K was reported to be activated by Gi-coupled receptors via Gβγ subunits. We asked whether the stimulation of Gi-coupled receptors would trigger GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake by the activation of Gβγ-dependent p110γ PI-3K. We find that this translocation and glucose uptake can be induced by the ligand stimulation of Gi-coupled α2A adrenergic receptor and fMet-Leu-Phe receptor in cells stably expressing these receptors. The noradrenaline (‘noradrenaline’)- and fMet-Leu-Phe-stimulated GLUT4 translocations were abolished by pretreatment with pertussis toxin. Pretreatment with wortmannin or genistein also inhibited the Gi-mediated GLUT4 translocation. On ligand stimulation of these two kinds of Gi-coupled receptor, although there was a slight increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 production, activation of either the p85/p110α PI-3K or Gβγ-dependent p110γ PI-3K was not observed even in Chinese hamster ovary cells stably overexpressing exogenous p101/p110γ. The Gi-mediated GLUT4 translocation was accompanied by activation of the serine-threonine kinase Akt; the inhibitory effects of pertussis toxin, wortmannin and genistein on Gi-mediated GLUT4 translocation paralleled their inhibitory effects on Akt activation. In contrast, the activation of some other Gi-coupled receptors, such as prostaglandin EP3α receptor and platelet-activating factor receptor, did not cause either pertussis-toxin-sensitive translocation of GLUT4myc or activation of Akt kinase. These results indicate that the ligand stimulation of some Gi-coupled receptors triggers GLUT4 translocation that occurs independently of p85/p110α-type and p110γ-type PI-3Ks but might involve the activation of Akt kinase.

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Panainte, Irinel, Ramona Vlad, and Monica Monea. "Influence Of Orthodontic Treatment On Gingival Condition." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 21 (2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n21p44.

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Aim of the study was to evaluate gingival modifications occuring in patients during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and methods. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, in study were included 60 patients (35 girls and 25 boys). Mean age was 13.1 years for girls and 12.8 years for boys. Treatment period was 19.2 months for the upper arch and 21.3 months for the lower arch. There were taken 2 types of measurements ː plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI), before, during and after treatment. Results. During orthodontic treatment buccal GI was 1.35 ± 0.32 and interpoximal GI was 1.75 ± 0.25. PI was 0.85 ± 0.28. After the appliances were removed, buccal GI was 1.44 ± 0.37, inteproximal GI 1.86 ± 0.22 and PI 1.01 ± 0.29. When PI and GI were measured in individual teeth it was found a statistical correlation in the measured values (p≤0.05). Conclusions. Based on these results we conclude that gingival modifications occur during orthodontic treatment. The most important changes are in the lower arch in molar area. After the treatment is finished, the situations come back in normal parameters.

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Deshmukh, Kunal, Sahana Hegde Shetiya, Parth Aphale, Anindita Dutta, Dharmendra B. Sharma, and Garvit Singh. "Efficacy of Plantago major Homoeopathic Mother Tincture as Mouth Wash in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Gluconate (0.2%) Mouthwash in Management of Oral Hygiene among Students: A Double-Blind, Parallel-group, Randomized Control Trial." Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry 22, no. 4 (2024): 328–33. https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_63_24.

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Background: Plantago major (P. major) has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. It also augments the production of nitric oxide which plays a role in protecting the gingival tissues against infection. Objective: The present study was carried out to assess and compare the efficacy of P. major homeopathic mother tincture as mouthwash with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) mouthwash for the treatment of gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A double-blind, randomized controlled parallel trial was conducted for 1 month. Sixty participants (15 males and 45 females) aged 18–22 years were randomly allocated into two groups by computer-generated random number; Group A: CHX gluconate 0.2% and Group B: P. major (mother tincture). Gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were assessed by modified GI and Quigley-Hein PI at baseline and postintervention. Results: Mean rank and difference in GI and PI within the intervention group from baseline to 30 days were calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistical significance between the P. major and CHX group postintervention for PI and GI. Conclusion: The double-blind trial conducted to confirm the anti-inflammatory properties of P. major mouthwash has shown efficacy in reducing both PI and GI from baseline to 30 days. However, there was no significant difference in GI and PI between the CHX mouthwash (0.2%) and P. major mouthwash group at the end of the trial.

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Sreenivasan, Prem K., and Kakarla V. V. Prasad. "Distribution of dental plaque and gingivitis within the dental arches." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 5 (2017): 1585–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517705476.

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Objective The natural accumulation of supragingival plaque on surfaces of human teeth is associated with gingival inflammation and the initiation of common oral diseases. This study evaluated the distribution of dental plaque and gingivitis scores within the dental arches after prophylaxis. Methods Adult subjects from the Dharwad, India area representing the general population who provided written informed consent were scheduled for screening. Healthy subjects over the age of 18 years, not currently requiring any medical or dental care, and presenting with a complement of at least 20 natural teeth were recruited for this parallel design study. Enrolled subjects (n = 41) underwent oral examinations for dental plaque (PI) and gingivitis (GI) using the Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein and the Löe-Silness Index, respectively, at the baseline visit, followed by a whole mouth dental prophylaxis. Subjects were given fluoride toothpaste for twice daily oral hygiene for the next 30 days. Subjects were recalled on days 15 and 30 for PI and GI examinations identical to baseline. Results Analyses indicated that mean scores for PI and GI on either arch and the whole mouth were higher than 2 and 1, respectively, during all examinations. Anterior surfaces consistently exhibited lower PI scores than posterior regions of either arch, or the entire dentition. Regional GI differences within the dentition were similar to PI scores, with lower scores on anterior than posterior teeth. Prophylaxis reduced both the frequency and mean scores of both PI and GI, irrespective of arch, with lower scores observed on anterior than posterior regions during all recall visits. Molar and lingual regions consistently exhibited higher PI and GI scores compared with anterior surfaces. At all examinations, mean scores for both plaque and gingivitis were higher on approximal vestibular than mid-vestibular surfaces. Conclusions Differences observed in PI and GI within the dentition have several practical implications: (a) there are advantages of whole mouth assessments for oral health (b) a need for oral hygiene formulations to reduce the larger deposits of dental plaque in the posterior region and resultant gingival inflammation, and (c) a requirement for ongoing oral hygiene education.

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Rocha, Maria Olívia, Dauro Douglas Oliveira, Fernando Oliveira Costa, Laíze Rosa Pires, Amanda Rafaela Diniz, and Rodrigo Villamarim Soares. "Plaque index and gingival index during rapid maxillary expansion of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 6 (2017): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.6.043-048.oar.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess, during rapid maxillary expansion, the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate(UCLP) using Hyrax (HX) or inverted mini-Hyrax (IMHX) rapid maxillary expanders (RME) considering patients’ sex and age. Methods: PI (Quigley Index modified by Turesky et al) and GI (Löe and Silness) of 28 UCLP (11 females; 17 males: aged 8 to 15 years) submitted to daily RME activation were assessed before (T0) and 7 (T1), 28 (T2) and 90 (T3) days after activation. Log-linear models and Bonferroni correction were performed to analyze possible differences in PI and GI between RME, sexes or age groups over time. Results: Intra-group comparison revealed significant increases in PI of patients using HX (T0 < T2), IMHX (T0 < T3; T1< T3), males (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3), and in GI of patients using IMHX (T0 < T3; T1 < T3), females (T1 < T3; T2 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T3; T2 < T3). One inter-group difference in GI according to patients’ age (8-11 < 12-15; T1) was observed. Conclusions: Since a single difference between groups was encountered, the results of this study indicated that PI and GI during maxillary expansion were similar between HX and IMHX, sexes and the analyzed age groups. Therefore, orthodontists can use these RME in UCLP patients according to the patient’s necessity or their preferences.

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Salari, Ashkan, Masoumeh Nikkhah, and Azita Alamzadeh. "Comparative evaluation of mouthwashes containing propolis and chlorhexidine for controlling inflammation resulting from plaque accumulation in patients with chronic gingivitis." Journal of Advanced Periodontology & Implant Dentistry 15, no. 2 (2023): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/japid.2023.014.

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Background. Limited data are available on the effect of mouthwashes containing Iranian propolis on plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) in patients with chronic gingivitis. The present study compared the effects of propolis and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwashes in patients with chronic gingivitis due to plaque accumulation. Methods. In the present interventional study, 28 patients 18‒50 years of age with generalized chronic gingivitis were assigned to two groups (n=14). Periodontal parameters, including PI and GI, were determined in all the subjects at baseline. Groups A and B received CHX and propolis mouthwashes, respectively. All the subjects used the mouthwashes for two weeks. Then all the parameters were evaluated gain. Independent t-test was used to compare the periodontal parameters between the two groups. Paired t-test was used for intra-group comparisons. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05 Results. Two weeks after using the mouthwashes, the mean PI in the CHX group (21.71±1.63) was significantly lower than that in the propolis group (33.91±5.96). However, the mean PI and GI in the propolis group decreased significantly compared to the baseline (P=0.00). Conclusion. Propolis significantly decreased the mean plaque and gingival inflammation in patients with chronic gingivitis. Although the reduction in PI in the propolis group was a little less than in the CHX group, the efficacy of propolis in reducing GI was comparable to CHX.

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Hunter, G. K., C. A. Reddy, K. Angermeier, et al. "Long-term (potential 10-year follow-up) toxicity after treatment for prostate cancer with either external beam radiation therapy, interstitial brachytherapy, or radical prostatectomy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 7_suppl (2011): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.65.

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65 Background: To examine gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity profiles of patients treated in 1999 with external beam radiotherapy (RT), prostate interstitial brachytherapy (PI) or radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: The records of 483 patients treated in 1999 were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate toxicity profiles, with 24% of the patients treated with PI, 40% with RP, and 36% with RT. Late GI and GU morbidity profiles were specifically examined and both were graded according to the RTOG acute and late morbidity scoring criteria. Other factors examined were patient age, BMI, smoking history, and medical comorbidities including presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), peripheral vascular disease, and connective tissue disease. Due to the low event rate for late GU and GI toxicities, a competing risk regression (CRR) analysis was done with death as the competing event. Results: See Table. Median follow-up time was 8.6 years (range 0.2-11.5). On CRR univariate analysis the presence of DM was associated with GU toxicity grade ≥2 (p=0.043, HR 2.35, 95% CI=1.03-5.39). DM remained significant on multivariate analysis (p=0.034, HR 2.44, 95% CI= 1.07-5.59). Since there were no events in the RP group, only the PI and RT patients were included in the CRR analysis for late GI toxicity Grade <=2. On univariate analysis, RT and DM were significantly associated with late GI toxicity. On multivariable analysis, both variables remained significant (RT: p=0.038, HR=4.71, 95%CI=1.09-20.3; DM: p=0.008, HR=3.81, 95%CI=1.42-10.2). Conclusions: Late effects occur with all three treatment modalities. The presence of DM at the time of treatment was significantly associated with worse late GI and GU toxicity. RT was significantly associated with worse late GI toxicity compared to PI and RP. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Lewis, S. F., R. G. Haller, J. D. Cook, and R. L. Nunnally. "Muscle fatigue in McArdle's disease studied by 31P-NMR: effect of glucose infusion." Journal of Applied Physiology 59, no. 6 (1985): 1991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.59.6.1991.

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In muscle phosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease) there is an abnormally rapid fatigue during strenuous exercise. Increasing substrate availability to working muscle can improve exercise tolerance but the effect on muscle energy metabolism has not been studied. Using phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) we examined forearm muscle ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and pH in a McArdle patient (MP) and two healthy subjects (HS) at rest and during intermittent maximal effort handgrip contractions under control conditions (CC) and during intravenous glucose infusion (GI). Under CC, MP gripped to impending forearm muscle contracture in 130 s with a marked decline in muscle PCr and a dramatic elevation in Pi. During GI, MP exercised easily for greater than 420 s at higher tensions and with attenuated PCr depletion and Pi accumulation. In HS, muscle PCr and Pi changed more modestly and were not affected by GI. In MP and HS, ATP changed little or not at all with exercise. The results suggest that alterations in the levels of muscle PCr and Pi but not ATP are involved in the muscle fatigue in McArdle's disease and the improved exercise performance during glucose infusion.

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Woelber, Johan Peter, Valentin Bartha, Stefan Baumgartner, et al. "Is Diet a Determining Factor in the Induction of Gingival Inflammation by Dental Plaque? A Secondary Analysis of Clinical Studies." Nutrients 16, no. 7 (2024): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16070923.

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The aim was to determine the association between plaque and gingival inflammation reported by dietary interventions. Data of four clinical studies dealing with changed nutrition and gingival examination were reanalyzed with regard to gingival inflammation (GI), plaque (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Dietary changes basically involved avoiding sugar, white flour and sweetened drinks and focusing on whole foods for 4 weeks. The control groups were to maintain their usual diet. All participants had to reduce their oral hygiene efforts. Linear regression models taking the clustering of the data due to several studies into account were applied. In total, data of 92 participants (control groups: 39, test-groups 53) were reanalyzed. While both groups showed a slight increase in dental plaque, only the test groups showed a significant decrease in inflammatory parameters: GI (mean value difference End-Baseline (Δ): −0.31 (±SD 0.36)) and BOP (Δ: −15.39% (±16.07)), both p < 0.001. In the control groups, there was a constant relation between PI and GI, while the experimental group showed a decreasing relationship in GI/PI (p = 0.016), and even an inverted relationship BOP/PI under a changed diet (p = 0.031). In conclusion, diet seems to be a determining factor how the gingiva reacts towards dental plaque.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "PI and GI"

Henriques, Aparicio. "Prise en compte des grandes interfaces dans un code moyenné eulérien à deux champs de vitesse." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0182.

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Les écoulements polyphasiques sont constitués de différentes tailles d'inclusions et de structures turbulentes. Les formalismes classiques diphasiques sont généralement dédiés à une gamme restreinte de tailles d'interface. Les travaux entrepris ici proposent un formalisme à deux fluides compressible permettant de prendre en compte différentes tailles d'interface, appellé Simulation des Grandes Interfaces (SGI). Une opération de filtrage a été réalisée, s'inspirant de la LES monophasique, afin de simuler les grandes interfaces (GI) et de modéliser les petites (PI). Le terme de force capillaire de GI apparaissant dans les équations de quantité de mouvement est modélisé à l'aide de la méthode CSF. Les termes interfaciaux associés aux petites inclusions sont modélisés par les lois de fermeture classique utilisées par l'approche moyennée. Pour calculer les termes GI uniquement à la présence d'une GI, un algorithme de reconnaissance des GI est développé à partir d'un critère adimensionnel. Le modèle SGI est appliqué à l'aide d'un code diphasique moyenné. La reconnaissance des GI et la modélisation des forces capillaires de GI sont validées sur des cas analytiques et expérimentaux. Le modèle SGI est appliqué à la fragmentation d'une bulle soumise à un champ liquide turbulent; à la fragmentation d'une bulle (passage de GI et de PI) soumise à la gravité et traversant une grille. Puis impactant sur un plafond (passage de PI à GI)<br>Different ranges of size of interfaces and eddies are involved in multiphase flow phenomena. Classical formalisms focus on a specifie range of size. This study presents a Large Interface Simulation (LIS) two-fluid compressible formalism taking into account different sizes of interfaces. As in the single-phase Large Eddy Simulation, a filtering process is used to point out Large Interface (LI) simulation and Smallinterface (SI) modelisation. The LI surface tension force is modelled adaptating the well-known CSF method. The modelling of SI transfer terms is done calling for classical closure laws of the averaged approach. To simulate accurately LI transfer terms, we develop a LI recognition algorithm based on a dimensionless criterion. The LIS model is applied in a classical averaged two-fluid code. The LI transfer terms modelling and the LI recognition are validated on analytical and experimental tests. A square base basin excited by a horizontal periodic movement is studied with the LIS mode!. The capability of the model is also shown on the case of the break-up of a bubble in a turbulent liquid flow. The break-up of a large bubble at a gridimpact performed regime transition between two different scales of interface from LI to SI and from PI to LI

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Książki na temat "PI and GI"

Saeng iran muŏt in'ga: Pi chŏnhyang changgisu Kim Tong-gi. Kŭllo Tanch'e Ch'ulp'ansa, 2006.

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Padovesi, Daniele. Verit� Sul Network Marketing: Gi� la Maschera Sull'attivit� Pi� Discussa Degli Ultimi 30 Anni. Independently Published, 2019.

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Lhar bcas ʼgro baʼi mchod sdoṅ Jo-bo sku mched gsum sṅon byuṅ gi gtam rabs brjod pa rin chen Baidūrya sṅon poʼi pi waṃ. Bod-ljoṅs Mnaʼ-ris rig gźuṅ gces skyoṅ khaṅ, 1988.

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Części książek na temat "PI and GI"

Yan, Chang, Peng Li, Yang Li, Jianqing Li, and Chengyu Liu. "Analysis of Heart Rate Asymmetry During Sleep Stages." In Proceedings of CECNet 2021. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210467.

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It is one of the hot spots in recent years to explore changes in the sleep stage by assessing autonomic nervous activity. In recent years, heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is often used to measure the activity of autonomic nerves. However, the relationship between HRA and sleep stage is not clear. We performed Porta’s index (PI), Guzik’s index (GI), slope index (SI) and area index (AI) analyses on RR intervals per 30-s for understanding the HRA during sleep. Two measurement protocols were set: 1) the HRA values were calculated; 2) the degrees of heart rate deviation from symmetry were estimated. Results showed that PI significantly decreased from N1 and N2 to N3 (p<0.01), and it is increased the highest in REM than other stages (p<0.05). The asymmetry of HRA were significantly lower in N3 (PI and AI p’s<0.05; GI and SI p’s<0.01), and it increased in REM (PI p<0.05; GI, SI and AI p’s<0.0001). The results suggested that HRA has the potential to be used in sleep stage monitoring.

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Gonzalbo, Pablo Escalante. "KA’ KHARU BE PI’ N TO HWATI." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.4.

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Aguilar, Luis Aboites. "NT’ANI GA’ RE HËWI PI’ N 1929 BAA N 2015." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.10.

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"NE BE’WE’E." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.11.

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Martínez, Bernardo García. "GA’ HËHT’I PU RO’ HO’ CHABI NE CHÏXTA BAA N 1760." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.5.

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Jáuregui, Luis. "NRO’ BE’MËNI NE BORBÓN." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.6.

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"Back Matter." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.13.

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"Front Matter." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.1.

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Vázquez, Josefina Zoraida. "N BE’ TÉ PAWI BAA TU NHORHË N REPÚBLICA." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.7.

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Garciadiego, Javier. "RO’ RE PAWI BE REVOLUCIÓN." In N mhu ribawi gi tá’tu ximpikhëbi nt’ani ga kho’bu tëëti ga’kharu be pi’ n to hwati. El Colegio de México, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8763139.9.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "PI and GI"

Brass, L. F., D. R. Manning, and M. J. Woolkalis. "G PROTEIN REGULATORS OF PHOSPHOLIPASE C AND ADENYLATE CYCLASE IN PLATELETS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644630.

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The hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides (PI) by phospholipase C during platelet activation produces two key intracellular messengers, inositol triphosphate and diacylglycerol. This process is thought to be regulated by a guanine nucleotide binding protein referred to as Gp. Although the evidence that Gp exists is compelling, to date it has not been isolated. Uncertainty about its identity has been compounded by variations between tissues in the susceptibility of Gp to pertussis toxin and by reconstitution studies which show that pertussis toxin-inhibited PI hydrolysis can be restored by purified Gi, the pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein which inhibits adenylate cyclase. Therefore, it remains unclear whether Gp represents a new G protein or a second role for Gj. When platelets permeabilized with saponin were incubated with pertussis toxin and 32P-NAD, a single 42 kDa protein was 32P-ADP-ribosylated which co-migrated with the purified a subunit of Gi. Preincubating the platelets with an agonist inhibited labeling of this protein by dissociating the G protein into subunits. The extent of inhibition correlated with the number of toxin-sensitive functions caused by the agonist. Labeling was abolished by thrombin, which inhibited cAMP formation and caused toxin-inhibitable PI hydrolysis. Labeling was partially inhibited by vasopressin and platelet activating factor, which caused toxin-inhibitable PI hydrolysis, but had no effect on cAMP formation and by epinephrine, which inhibited cAMP formation, but did not cause PI hydrolysis. Labeling was unaffected by the TxA2 analog U46619, which neither caused toxin-sensitive PI hydrolysis nor inhibited cAMP formation. These observations suggest that the 42 kDa band may contain a subunits from both Gp and Gi and, in fact, 2D electrophoresis resolved the 42 kDa protein band into two proteins with distinct pi. However, those agonists linked functionally only to Gp or only to Gi decreased the labeling of both proteins. Therefore, our data suggest (1) that Gj and Gp are the same protein and (2) that whether a aiven platelet agonist affects adenylate cyclase or phospholipase C or both depends upon factors extrinsic to the G protein.

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Kotomtseva, L. A., and A. M. Samson. "Successions of Bifurcations in the Laser with a Saturable Absorber as Distributed System." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1992.mc15.

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Results of the investigation of the semiclassical equations for the running wave in the laser with a saturable absorber are proposed on the basis of the system for normalized values and sizeless coordinates Here and ei, φi and pi, ψi are the amplitudes and phases of the field and of the polarization of the medium, accordingly, ki is the relative inversion of populations, i=1 for an active medium, i=2 for an absorber. Constants di and gi determine the relaxation rates of the inversion of populations and polarization of the medium, fi. characterizes the distributed losses, ai, bi and h give the efficiency of the interaction of the polarization and inversion of the medium with the field, wc and wai are the frequencies of the cavity and of the medium.

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Konwar, Lakshi, Abdullah Garadah, Ebrahim Alawainati, and Ajithkumar Panicker. "A Holistic Study on Performance Evaluation of Horizontal Wells and its Implications on Tight Spacing Drilling Strategy in Mauddud Reservoir." In Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213417-ms.

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Abstract The objective of this paper is to present the comparative results of comprehensive analysis of horizontal well productivity and completion performance with vertical wells drilled and completed within same time window in the Mauddud reservoir in the Bahrain Oil Field. The study also focuses on performance evaluation of horizontal wells drilled in different areas of the field. Key reservoir risks and uncertainties associated with horizontal wells are identified, and contingency and mitigation plans are devised to address them. Besides controlling gas production, the benefits of using cemented horizontal wells over vertical wells are highlighted based on performance of recently completed workovers and economic evaluation. Reservoir and well performance are analyzed using a variety of analytical techniques such as well productivity index (PI), productivity improvement factor (PIF), normalized productivity improvement factor (PIFn), well productivity coefficient (Cwp), in conjunction with a statistical distribution function to reflect the average and most likely values. In addition, average oil/gas/water production, cumulative production, reserves, and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) are compared for both vertical and horizontal wells using decline curve analysis. Furthermore, economics are evaluated for tight spacing drilling with vertical wells, as well as horizontal cemented wells, to optimize future development of Mauddud reservoir. Based on the evaluation, it is inferred that the average horizontal well outperforms a vertical well in terms of production rate, PI, PIF, reserves, and EUR in the field except in waterflood areas. Based on average cumulative oil, reserves and EUR, and well productivity coefficient, overall performance of horizontal wells are better in the GI area in comparison their counterparts in the North/South areas of the Mauddud reservoir, where the dominant mechanism is strong water drive. High gas and water production in horizontal wells are attributed to open-hole completions of the wells and the possibility of poor cementing. A trial has been completed recently in a few horizontal wells using cased-hole cemented completion with selected perforations, resulting in improved oil rates and the drastic reduction of gas to oil ratio. Furthermore, a new cased-hole horizontal well drilled in 2021 is promising. A detailed cost-benefit analysis using a net present value concept is performed, leading to a rethink of future development strategies with a mix of both vertical as well as horizontal wells in the GI area. Using the dimensionless correlations and distribution functions, the productivity and PIF of new horizontal wells to be drilled in any area can be predicted during early prognosis given the values of average reservoir permeability, well length, and fluid properties. This study can be used as a benchmark for the development of a thin oil column with a large and expanding gas cap under crestal gas injection using both vertical and horizontal wells.

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