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Soto-Loireau, Isabel. "La démocratisation du sytème sanitaire". Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32068.
Pełny tekst źródłaTabuteau, Didier. "Sécurité sanitaire et droit de la santé". Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05D010.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe notion of sanitary safety appeared after major crisis in public health in the beggining of 1990. It soon became a public sanitary action methodology and a concept which has irragated most chapters of health laws. The spreading of an unprecedented sanitary risk reduction device was accompanied by making of sanitary policy functions a priority issue together with developping evaluation and precaution, identifying sanitary responsabilities by creating agencies and looking for impartial expertise. The notion has contributed to the recent bursting of health laws, accompanying the development of the health system users rights, favouring prevention devices resurgence, participating to an health policy elaboration procedure setting and questioning about the link between health laws and the right to health insurance
Carayanni, Vilelmine. "Modélisation et gestion de l'incertitude en évaluation économique de politiques sociales : le cas des politiques de santé". Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10184.
Pełny tekst źródłaChenard, Kina. "Regards croisés sur les déterminants des choix de politiques publiques : applications à trois secteurs d'intervention gouvernementale : la politique de santé, la politique de stabilisation financière et la politique d'assainissement budgétaire". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23542.
Pełny tekst źródłaDelprat, Laurent. "La pénalisation du système sanitaire français". Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA084216.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe question of the penalization of the French medical system oscillates between need and effectiveness. The need calls into question the legal positivism of repressive measurements in the medical field by exposing its limits, its gaps and its imperfections. Thus, between administrative provisions of medical right and sanctions enacted by the criminal law, the public policies choose a de-penalisation sometimes. The effectiveness returns to a critical analysis of the repressive arsenal and its functionality in comparison with the great principles of the criminal law. If a penal responsibility for the medical profession exists indeed, other standards of self-regulation, like the deontology or the arrangements authorizations, organize also the profession. Consequently, it would not be preferable, notwithstanding any penalization of principle to excess, to privilege the medical and professional sanctions and to promote in this specific field the alternative modes such as the mediation
Nyemb, Gabriel. "Le système sanitaire camerounais : étatisme ou libéralisme ?" Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR1D021.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter ist independance cameroon choosed a planified liberalism system. This can be observed in the health sector by the existence of private care systels established by germans. At the same time and because it is confronted to numerous influence and to inefficient health actions due to private entreprises. The state is forced to build up important infrastructures, while seting a great number of reforms. The health care system therefore evoluate to an institutional dualism wich is find in one han many private institutes that are efficient from a technical point of view and in the other hand a public sector which is as important as the later. Taking in account eleven foundamental variables which helped bringing about this research, the private sector appears to be superior to the public one. There is, a liberal system developped since the colonial period
Chenard, Kina. "Regards croisés sur les déterminants des choix de politiques publiques : Applications à trois secteurs d'intervention gouvernementale : la politique de santé, la politique de stabilisation financière et la politique d'assainissement budgétaire". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010074.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaheriarijaona, Nirina. "Recherche sur le système sanitaire malgache". Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D009.
Pełny tekst źródłaClavier, Carole. "Le politique et la santé publique : une comparaison transnationale de la territorialisation des politiques de la santé publique (France, Danemark". Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1G004.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research investigates the convergence of local public health in France and in Denmark, relying on case studies from, respectively, Nord Pas-de-Calais and Alsace regions and Nordjylland and Ringkjøbing counties. The central argument in this research is that the convergence of local public health policies in France and in Denmark results from the adequacy between, on the one side, local political issues and, on the other, internationally shared public health concepts and issues. Comparing policies in highly different contexts shows that convergence responds to two, inseparable though distinct, trends : on the one hand, converging processes enable the development of local public health policies and, on the other hand, those processes hybridize with highly contrasted political ans institutional contexts. As a conclusion, the development of local public health policies testifies to a local redefinition of public health issues
Bouanane, Ouafae. "La coopération sanitaire internationale". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30016.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe principle characteristics of the world health situation are the lack of care facilities in the developing countries and the incontrolled escalation of medical coast in the developed world. The importance of health in the process of development is reflected in the establishment of international health cooperation. The instruments of institutional cooperation are the world wide and regional intergovernmental organizarions as well as non-governmental organizations such as the international red cross. Both intergovernmental as non-governmental organizations work towards improving health protection in their respective fields of activity on work together on common projects. This there is cooperation on a wide scall, directed and coordinated by the world health organization (who) within the framework of the united nations. The w. H. O. 's activities throughout the world prevention, medical research, technical assistance-are part of a long term programme: "health for all by the years 2000". The main objective of this programme is to improve acces to primary health care, intergovernmental cooperation-usually on a bilateral basis - is essentially achieved through trading relations - transfer of medical technology, staff training etc. . . More rarely it takes the form of aid grom developed countries to undeveloped countries. International healthe law, a body of rules having compul sory fore for states, is an important element of international healthe cooperation. On the one hand, the international red cross has established humanitariam law set forth in the geneva conventions aimed at protecting people in time of war; on the other, the who adopts regulations, hinding on states, within the scope of the powers conferred on it by its constitution
Ambonguilat, Colette-Lydie. "Santé publique et problèmes sanitaires au Gabon". Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL12006.
Pełny tekst źródłaGabon, a thirld-world country, is in second position behind lybia in the field of wealthiness, but enjoys the leading position among black africa countries. It has an area of 267,667 km2 (almost the half of france). It has about one million inhabitants and its density is 3. 8 inhabitants per km2 with ten inhabitants km2 in the capital city, a population which is inequally spread. Situated in central africa, gabon has got many trumps : oil, mining and forested resources with a good sanitary an social cover. This privileged situation, however, experiences a few handicaps such as : a bad distribution on of medical staff and equipment availabe for the provinces, a high level of infant mortality and many endemic and epidemic diseases (malaria, liprosy. . . ). The shortage of infrastructures and lines of communication badly maintained lead to a sanitation which is only profitable to few city dwellers. As regards nutrition, it is little varied and ill-balanced ; this factor endangers the demography of the country. The sanitary education is also less developped and the national service responsible for the improving of the sanitation is more concentrated in urban areas. Through this study, one can notice the complexity of many dependent factors which only a clear and harmonized policy is likely to save from all present ills. As regards traditional medecine, its integration in health policy can being a considerable help, particulary in the psychologic and pharmaceutic fields
Longo, Armande. "La politique sanitaire de la France au Gabon de 1925 à 1958". Lille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL30021.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the beginning of the twentieth century, a health service called Medical Native Aid was established in all the French Empire in Africa. The medical profession and the druggists had got the job of managing it from 1890 to the African countries interdependences. Later this health service was led through medical cooperation. The task of the Medical Native Aid was to fight against the main causes of the Africans depopulation. This was a policy of population growth whose aim was to keep the Africans in good health in order to highlight the colonies. This work is about health policy from France in its colonies of the French Equatorial Africa particularly in the colony of Gabon. It also aims to showing the advance of medicine and the change of Gabonese attitude toward western medicine, and finally at showing the results of the French health policy in Gabon
Sauerteig, Lutz. "Krankheit, Sexualität, Gesellschaft : Geschlechtskrankheiten und Gesundheitspolitik in Deutschland im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert /". Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388429506.
Pełny tekst źródłaBibliogr. p. 455-495. Index.
Nosten-Douady, Sibylle. "Le libre choix du médecin par le malade". Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100085.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe free choice of the doctor by the patient is practised inside the liberal medicine where it goes on a liberal practitioner. As a principle, it tends to melt into the free access to cares. The civilian judge uses the free choice to protect the patient. This protection, which works particularly in the contract surgeon-patient, may be generalised to the medical contract in general. The improvement of free choice, principle of liberal medicine, principle of freedom in contract, which is reveal unfavourable considering the deep requirements, find its motivation in the ambiguity of expression
Gimbert, Virginie. "L'état sanitaire en question : les administrations à l'épreuve des risques". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DENSA004.
Pełny tekst źródłaBayti, Lahcen. "Le nouvel ordre sanitaire international et la coopération sanitaire entre les pays en développement". Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D003.
Pełny tekst źródłaThird world medical care, which for the moment is reserved for the elite can only be accessible to society admarged by focusing on prevention basic hight more efficient use of health care workers and an concentration on essential drugs. The consomption of drugs and medical services which preocuprises the industrial world only reaches on person in five. In the third world thebasic problem remains the satisfaction of elementary sanitary needs. The statement of alma ata is the map for health care in the xxst century. His technical mastery his demand for social justice, for health provision and his pleeding of urgent action in supported health care represent not only a recognition of it's importance at a global level but morexver the begining of health political care movment which aspires to provide basic health care to everyone by the year two thousand the declaration is witness to an exceptional international consensus on cooperation between countries so that all people are guaranteed of an acceptable level of health services. A key to the NOIH (new order of international health) is the drug industry. It is clevious that noih mesures must be in parallele with political educational, legal and the regulary mesure. This is the essential theme of our work. In conclusion only a furious coordination of all efforts will insure that essential medecine and vaccine are furnished to those who need them. Without this cooperation there can be no confidence in international health care cooperation between north and south or south and south
Tahiri, Alaoui Moulay Driss. "L'action sanitaire de la Sécurité sociale au Maroc". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10039.
Pełny tekst źródłaProviding medical care by the social security is nowdays a real problem for the responsables of heath policy in morocco. Do they let the social security continuing to built and manage its hospitals without trying to get this in the general health policy? or, must they create and develop mecanisms for planning and coordinating public health programs and health care providing of the social security; and set on an adequate juridical framework for the production and distribution of medical care. This is the first part of this work. The second part handles the fonctions of the social security in the moroccan health system. Providing medical care by this institution is a new enterprise. And, far of being generalised, the disease insurance in morocco is laying on the commutative conception, linked essentially to salary notion; in a such way that there is no financial transfers between actives and inactives. There for, difficulties in access to health care for poor social groups are a reality which the health system must face
Rimbault, Aurélie. "La politique sanitaire et sociale des édiles parisiens au XIXème siècle (1849-1914)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010644/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrance's Sanitary and social action policies originate in the XIXth century. In its capital city Paris, these policies also develop through its municipal councillors and mayors. Few academic works focus on these elected officials, though they have a key part in creating these micro-local public policies. The urban bourgeoisie makes up for a large part of the town and district councils, so it's not surprising many of them and their close families providing the Parisians with some relief through philantropy and charity. The Emperor leads the first health and social policies through its Second Empire's few successes and many failures. From 1871, the rises of hygienist theories and 1870's defeat to Prussian armies heavily influence the young Third Republic. This urges the town's elected officials to get involved personally, and leads to the first municipal health and social services, while they do their part in popular education. The capital also gets inspiration from european experiments such as universal expositions and international hygiene conventions. At the dawn of the first World War, Paris is both France's example and leade, while being relatively late compared to other european capital cities
Gnessien, Banou-Florence Saint-Jours Yves. "Réflexion sur les fondements d'une politique sanitaire dans un pays en développement : le Burkina-Faso /". Perpignan : Presses universitaires de Perpignan, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361648761.
Pełny tekst źródłaGAYABA, BARTHELEMY. "Politiques de santé et pratiques médicales au Congo". Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO22006.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe inefficiency of the functioning sanitary system in congo results from an artificially created demand for health services. This inefficiency generates the failure of the public health policies since 1960, despite different political instigations. The transformation of the popular needs into technical demande, is the result of public policies due to that might be called the medical bureauc racy. This failure however should not be explained by fatality. Causes are more political than technical. The public health models tested out in congo are as matter of fact abstractions. The historical analysis is need first of all, to explain the failure of these policies. But the results of this analys lead to the affirmation according to wich the real congolese society remains far from the ideas politicians and health practitioners have made of it. The latter especially, because of their training almost abroad, imagine a representation of their profession which generates and keeps a distorsion between their acquired knowledge and the know-how need for a real efficiency in public health matter
Hassenteufel, Patrick. "La profession médicale face à l'Etat : une comparaison France/Allemagne : institutionnalisation de la représentation et politique de santé". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010260.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn Germany medical syndicalism institutionalized itself in the welfare state, in purpose to give the profession a central position in the health-insurance system. The collective indentity constructed through this process is the "insurance physician". In France medical syndicalism has developped in opposition to the welfare state; so the "liberal physician" is the prevailing collective identity. Through the institutionalization of representation the interaction between the profession and the state is stabilized in germany. The public law status bodies play a great part in the implementation of health policy; which can be caracterized as a self-administred sectoral corporatism. In france representation is less institutionalized. The defense of the liberal identity causes internal cleavages and conflicts with the state. The profession doesn't play a big part in the health policy implementation. In both countries the prevailing structures of representation are weakening
Lindner, Ulrike. "Gesundheitspolitik in der Nachkriegszeit : Großbritannien und die Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Vergleich /". Paderborn : F. Schöningh, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41179302x.
Pełny tekst źródłaNdzana, Alima Hubert. "Une contrainte de politique sanitaire spécifique de l'Afrique Centrale, "la prévalence de la dsérilité" dans son contexte socio-économique : exemples du Cameroun, du Congo et du Gabon". Lyon 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO33023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe prevaling sterility in the social economical context de not have the pretension to originality. It emphasis on a balance on the actual difficulties of fecondity of the african women, within a very precise geographical boundary : the cameroun, the congo and the gabon. The choice of these territories was not made by random. The three areas belong to the zones with a low fecondity due to the transmissable sexual sickness, with 40 % of women sterilised. Presenty, we have found more than (20) types of "tss" responsaible for sterility. Since we notice that the richness of a nation pepends largely on her residents, it is incontestable that the influence of these transmissable sexuelsickness. Will spread far beyyond the sterility. It is possible to estimate the main caises of the sterility in orden to better preserve the future progeniture of africa, especially in those countries where agricultural mecanic industry is not well developped such is the suject of this study. The thesis in presented in two sections : first : prevailing sterility in central africa. 1 geographical and medical survey of central africa. 2 demographic movements and sanitary measures. 3 efficiency of treatment in the sanitary system in central africa. Second section : economic consequences and various incidences : three capters : mesure - the politics of the fight - economic incidences
Dillenseger-Honore, Nadia. "Le règlement des conflits dans une controverse socio-technique : les risques sanitaires liés à la téléphonie mobile". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/DILLENSEGER-HONORE_Nadia_2004.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaOlsson, Ulf. "Folkhälsa som pedagogiskt projekt : bilden av hälsoupplysning i statens offentliga utredningar /". Uppsala : Univ, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370684160.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaplane-Capo, Pascale. "L'action sanitaire publique en matière d'habitat". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10031/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaPublic health action in habitat is organized through goals led the function of a period or a society. In France today, the fight against health risks inside, outside homes, the prevention against health risks found in homes and the guarantee everyone access to a decent housing are goals with borderline against the expected result. It is possible to develop guidelines for greater involvement of all in a protective housing of health. The establishment of a healthy housing project developed within the framework of local orientations is one of the new ways to bring the action of local needs
Santos, Walter. "Les défectuosités de la santé dans leurs rapports avec la vie politique brésilienne". Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON10064.
Pełny tekst źródłaDurand, Christelle. "La régulation publique des risques professionnels : contribution sur l'émergence du concept de sécurité sanitaire environnementale". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4009.
Pełny tekst źródłaPrevention and compensation for work hazards is regulated by two acts dated 1898 and 1946. The build up of the notion of work hazards has limited health issues at work to the work environment. Today, changes to the system imply a review of the of the regulations around the notion of "public sanitary order". The integration of social, health and environmental policies, imposed by EEC regulations, impacts on risk perception and therefore on the way to approach prevention and compensation. As damages are increasing and becoming of an international nature, questions around health at work need to be rethought and evolutions will have to include the notions of' "public sanitary order" and sustainable development. If sanitary safety is to become an overall target in the work place, two elements need to be present. Firstly, the right to health has to take precedent on contractual relationships and statuses. Secondly, the rising crisis in the work place contributes to widen public health's field to the concept of work hazards. That evolution imposes to clarify and define the links between health and environmental regulations. Work hazards allow for a positive cross over between social and environmental laws, both on fondamental and legal means, through the sanitary dimension. That cross over should not be seen as weakening the different law fields, but rather contributes to a more global and responsible approach on risks, including work hazards
Argoud, Dominique. "La recomposition de l'action sanitaire et sociale depuis la décentralisation : l'exemple de la politique vieillesse en France". Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010607.
Pełny tekst źródłaDecentralization laws concerned especially the social sector. As a matter of fact, the recombining of decision-making channels, urged the different actors to replace them into the process, which has formalized new rules, old age policy is placed in the middle of those transformations. When removing the social action responsability to the departements, decentralization induces new regulation machineries, following a less vertical than sectorial method than before. It came of it local elderly policies quite flexible and able to adjust oneself to present developments of gerontologic secotr. As also old age policies are leading to vary according to referentials worked out by local actors
Renaud, Thomas. "Action sanitaire et changement social dans un pays en voie de développement : Le cas du Sénégal". Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUEL048.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe sanitary situation in Africa is the aim of a lot of actions. One of the successes in prevention and sanitary education is the exemple of the catholic private dispensaries in Senegal. By studying health as a complicated element of a cultural system, we show that , behind the proper qualities of theses dispensaries, we must look for the conditions of the sanitary behaviouring change in the transformation of the interaction system of the designed social group. This transformation is the product of foreign constraining elements and inner elements of the system. The emigrated workers'situation is a good picture of it. By the comparative studying of two ethnic groups of economical immigrated people in France, we tend to show that sanitary education is subjected to complicated sociological mechanisms, especially in acculturation, and that it cannot be alone, mover of change in its sphere
Gnessien, Banou-Florence. "Réflexion sur les fondements d'une politique sanitaire dans un pays en développement : le Burkina Faso". Perpignan, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PERP0208.
Pełny tekst źródłaSanitary conditions in burkina faso which is placed among the less advanced countries on earth, are not the most enviable. As a matter of fact, they result in a high mortality rate, especially among children, and by a low life expectancy, both things mainly due to low hygiene in the environment, to the lack of drinking water and to malnutrition. In any case, the observations which seemingly can be derived from these facts are : that the health policy implemented by the state of burkina faso, despite numerous efforts undertaken in this domain, still remains largely embryonic (first part of the thesis), and in the present context of economic crisis which has called for the drastics remedies of the fmi, the perspective does not seem to be any more optimistic. Unless a new approach to the health policy were to be considered (second part of the thesis), the watchword of the oms, "health for everyone by the year 2000", would still be a remote objective in burkina faso
Mohamed, Mahyoub Hathem. "Les fondements socio-économiques de la planification : le cas de la tuberculose en République de Djibouti". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10009.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhtisis constitutes an endemic disease in djibouti, its rate of incidence stagnates, round 680 per 100. 000 during the last nine years, in spite of the means used by the health ministry. Those means are formed, in particular, of chemeotherapy, radiology, bacteriology and alimentary assistance for the sick. The ministry is helped for that, more particulary, by france. This study has been undertaken with as assumption that population socio-economic conditions have weight on incidence of this morbidity. Socio-economic inquiry has been done on a pattern of 118 in-patients at centre paul faure, tuberculosis reference centre for djibouti and for border-lands. The results of the inquiry have shown that the poorest social strata are the most affected by the illness. On the other had, almost the half of the sick come from the borderlands, especially from somalia and ethiopia. To be effective, the tuberculosis prevention can not be limited to medical solution, but must be multi-sectorial, the whole national system is concerned by this prevention and then development of the country. . .
Evans, David. "L'estimation des effets des interventions de santé publique à partir des données observationnelles". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066694.
Pełny tekst źródłaDans cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la façon de mener une analyse épidémiologique afin de la rendre plus directement informative pour la prise de décision politique et pour la conceptualisation des interventions. Cette approche nous a amené à privilégier certains principes et approches méthodologiques qui ont connu des avancées conceptuelles et techniques récentes. Ces approches ont été explorées et développées dans les deux articles publiés dans le cadre de cette thèse. Dans le premier article, nous avons proposé une approche de sélection des variables d’ajustement dans une analyse épidémiologique qui combine les hypothèses a priori encodées dans un GAO avec une méthode de sélection de covariables, en l’occurrence la procédure dite de « changement de l’estimation d’effet ». Dans le deuxième article, nous avons estimé l’association entre le nombre de patients traités par la dialyse péritonéale dans un centre et les résultats du traitement, en utilisant les GAO pour présenter les hypothèses et pour justifier le choix de variables d’ajustement, une analyse de sensibilité probabiliste et une estimation des effets des interventions pour changer le nombre de patients traités dans les centres. Dans l’analyse standard, il y avait une association protectrice entre le nombre de patients traités et le risque de transfert en hémodialyse ; dans l’analyse centrée sur la politique, l’effet était toujours protecteur mais d’une moindre importance. Ce travail a soulevé plusieurs questions conceptuelles et techniques qui pourraient être le sujet des recherches futures
Sixtus, Heinrich. "Die anatolischen Provinzen Sinop, Isparta, Urfa, Bayezid und Gaziantep in den 1920er Jahren : nach amtlichen Berichten der lokalen Gesundheitsbehörden". Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40068038b.
Pełny tekst źródłaFeuillebois, Nicolas Biron Charlotte. "Création et développement d'un centre de vaccinations polyvalentes en Loire-Atlantique". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=34616.
Pełny tekst źródłaNaud, François-Xavier. "L'État et la prévention sanitaire au dix-neuvième siècle". Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40003.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarumwete, Siméon. "Les politiques publiques de santé au Burundi". Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU2004.
Pełny tekst źródłaBurundi is one of the poorest countries in the world and it depends to public aid for development to ensure public services missions. In the health sector, too many failures (financial, human resources, unequal distribution of health infrastructure and heath workers) make very difficult the elaboration and implementation of effective public policies. These policies emerge from recommendations issued by major health conferences (Alma-Ata, Bamako, Doha. . . ) or development conferences (millenium summit) and are locally implemented with the technical and financial support from international financial institutions (World Bank, IMF) or UN agencies (WHO, UNICEF). They reflect the internationalization phenomenon of some public health issues (AIDS/HIV, essentials drugs,. . . ) whose solutions require adherence to international standards, conventions and values which may be in conflict with local specificities (cultural, economic and political). Since 1986, the Bretton Woods Institutions have imposed liberal economic reforms which have replaced the previous policies of free health care by introducing new policies that require payment by patients. Yet more than 65% of the population lives below the poverty line. In addition, these public policies are implemented in a political context of loss of centrality of the state in public action and of emergence of multiplicity of actors with divergent interests (private sector, national associations, NGO, supranational organizations) acting on several levels (local, national and international) whereas institutional failures of the state do not allow for better coordination. All those factors mean that the implementation of the public health policies produces perverse effects of impoverishment of the population and the exclusion of the poor from health care
Leprêtre, Pascal. "Principe de précaution et droit sanitaire : cas français". Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131028.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn termes of the french law of 2 february 1995, the precautionary principle is that "according to wether the absence of certainty, considering technical and scientific knowledge of the moment, does not have to delay the effective and proportioned measure adoption, aiming to warn a serious and irreversible damage risk to the environment, to an economically acceptable cost". The thesis has for object to evaluate in the sector of the health, modes of application and the function of the principle of precaution, especially in its reports with the right of the health and more generally with the sanitary democracy. Become judicial principle of constitutional value, it contributes to delimit a new field of the right of the responsibility. The thesis tends to justify that the principal of precaution addresses to the collective and individual mastery of risks. Making this, this new forms responsibility will have to possess a conceived particular regime on the basis of a prejudice and causality risk, and will make place to a new makes justificatory, the social risk acceptability
Bossy, Thibault. "Poids de l'enjeu, enjeu de poids : la mise sur agenda de l'obésité en Angleterre et en France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0072.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe prevalence of obesity is much higher in England than in France, but the issue has been set on the agenda around the same time in the two countries, even if England is supposed to have a more coherent public health system than the French one. From this fact, we try to understand how obesity has been defined as a problem in these countries. We analyze the role of three variables on three temporalities. We observe the cognitive variable on a long term, to determinate the existence of three separate representations of obesity: a cultural one, a medical one and a public health one. Each is defined and defended by different actors and involve different patterns of explanations about the causal chain of the problem. From this, we estimate that only the public health representation has successfully constructed obesity as a “credible risk”. We then analyze the institutional variable in two policy sectors: the public health sector and the food sector which claim the ownership of the problem. We show the institutional change that took place over a medium temporality in the two countries. We believe this change has created favourable conditions for obesity to be set on the agenda. Finally, we examine the role of individual and collective actors on a short temporality in the 1990s. We present how they use institutional and cognitive opportunities to define obesity as a public problem. Obesity has been put on the agenda in two times: first, in a quiet way as it was attached to another problem; and then, in a public way when a political arena was opened in the two countries. We conclude by a reflection on biopolitics and policies to tackle obesity
Chobani, El Haj. "La politique du Maroc en matière de formation professionnelle : le cas du ministère de la santé publique". Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10013.
Pełny tekst źródłaRepresented by a few institutions at casablanca and rabat during the protectorat, the paramedical training apparatus has known an evolution semewhat important according to the political orientations and possibilities of economics of the country. The study of its juridical frame permits to note a lack of reglementation in some fiklds anachronism and imprecision in almost actual texts. Recognized as a constitutional right for the all citizens, the professionnal training must be ensured in generalized and permanent way. The human, financial and material means, given to this system don't allow it to train a personnel able to ensure adequat and performent health services to the population. Thus, the organization and functionning of that structures are subject to some immobilism and are also greatly inadapted to the training needs for the personnel. Having a little contribution in resorbing unemployment and educating people, the paramedical training system mast hawe a particular importance from the state and elected authorithies in such a way to give qualified health services to different users
Li, Zi. "Essay on public policy for innovation and quality". Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10017/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNumerous economics thoughts highlight the positive effect of innovations on economic growth and of quality on welfare of human beings. This thesis consists 3 independent chapters, which study public policies with purpose of encouraging innovations and improving quality provision. The second chapter studies what happens when high quality providers are allowed to patronize multiple health plans (multi-homing) and compare it to single-homing within a 2-sided framework. The results suggest that high quality providers’ multi-homing yields the highest quality of both plans. But single-homing may generate the best results for policyholders and social welfare. The third chapter compares two food quality regulatory approaches: sampling and testing products (product inspections) and controlling verifiable production process control (process certifications). It is debatable whether process certification is best used as substitute for, or supplement to product inspection. This chapter formally analyzes this issue under Cournot competition framework and suggests that combining these two approaches may not improve efficiency. Moreover, process certification should be used when competition is intense. The forth chapter is inspired by the anticommons hypothesis of Heller and Eisenberg (1998), which implies that research and development (R&D) activities could be hindered by patent protections. However, recent studies suggest that this effect is over-stated. This chapter considers a common-value situation: the scientists' valuation relies on each others' perspectives. It yields an over-investment outcome which may mask the presence of anticommons, especially when the common valuation largely depends on both scientists' private information
Facal, Joseph. "Etude de deux réformes dans le champ de la santé au Québec et aux Etats-Unis à l'aide du modèle de H. Jamous : contribution à une sociologie des décisions politiques". Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040202.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is a study of two reforms in the health care field in Québec (Castonguay reform, 1970-1973) and the U. S. (Medicare, 1965) based on the decision-making model of H. Jamous (1969). We try to identify the social forces, their interactions and the other main factors that account for the outcome in each case, while also appraising the relevancy of the model. On a theoretical level, we conclude to the impossibility of a general theory of political decision-making and plead for less ambitious theoretical models and a heavier emphasis on empirical research
Vézina, Sylvain. "Informatique, politiques publiques et dynamique organisationnelle : le cas du secteur de la santé en France". Grenoble 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE21019.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis looks at computerization as means to a better understanding of the bargaining, or haggling, process, upon which health care management in france is hinged, particularly in the hospital sector. It analyzes both the direction of public policies and the dynamics of the power struggles which underlie such policies. It deals not only with health statistics but with the major reforms in the hospital sector (overall budget, departmentalization, epidemiology, p. M. S. I. ) introduced by the left while in office from 1981 to 1986. This thesis reveals the derisiveness of results obtained through ever more sophisticated technocratic means
Angers, Daniel. "La promotion de l'hygiène privée : les autorités sanitaires de la province de Québec et la propagande hygiéniste en territoire québécois (1908-1946)". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaZecca, Marie-France. "Savoir-faire et connaissances de l'intégration à l'épreuve des nouveaux processus d'invalidation sociale : une géométrie de la liberté". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0144.
Pełny tekst źródłaYehya, Houssam. "La protection sanitaire et sociale au Liban (1860-1963)". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis seeks to provide a historicized approach for the Lebanese establishment and development of health and social care by focusing on the role and relationships factual and legal between the two sectors: public and private and the foreign influences including that of the ILO on the production of the Lebanese standard, during the three major periods of history in Lebanon: Ottoman, French and independent Lebanon
Baron, Alexis. "Territorialisation des politiques sanitaires et sociales : l'exemple rhône-alpin". Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21017.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research shows us how the notion of territory becomes one of the most important idea of the health and social policies. Indeed, the territory can be considered as a new reference for the local policies. Health and social policies are now building from this notion of territory. What kind of consequences are created by such a change ? This research focuses on the Rhône-Alpes area, in order to point out the principal characteristics of the local system of actors. On one hand, the territory appears as an actor;on the other one, the territory can be regarded as an environment adapted to the action. These two meanings of the notion of territory bring about many upheavals which are studied in this research at both a local and global level
Nollet, Jérémie. "Des décisions publiques « médiatiques » ? : sociologie de l’emprise du journalisme sur les politiques de sécurité sanitaire des aliments". Thesis, Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL20013/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAre public policies made by the media? This would-be influence of journalists over public decisions is common place among “decision-makers”. It is also assumed by Agenda-setting as well as social problems theorists. Yet, the real nature of the phenomenon is more complex: it follows different paths along several directions. It rests on the active and variable engagement of the politicians and high civil servants who produce decisions. Thus, the question needs to be rephrased: to what extent does the production of public decisions depend on the journalistic field? In order to elucidate this question, this doctoral thesis offers a sociological analysis of the specific logics which lead decision-makers (i.e. ministers’ personal staff, and representatives aswell as high civil servants,) to pay attention to media coverage in decision-making processes. The elaboration of this theoretical framework, at the crossroads of the sociologies of journalism and public action, is based on ananalysis of the handling of the mad cow disease by French officials during the 1990s. The ambition is to account for the very attention the holders of the executive power (namely, the Ministers of Agriculture, Consumption,Health, but also the Prime Minister and the President), the members of Parliament and high civil servants paid to media-related challenges within the practice of decision-making. Thus, it appears that the most “media dependent”decisions are the result of the handling of the most symbolic issues according to the logics of action of the most dependent agents on legitimization stakes in the journalistic field: the principal ministers and their advisers
Féron, Aurélien. "Persistance biochimique et récalcitrance politique. Enquête socio-historique sur les résurgences multiscalaires d’un problème environnemental et sanitaire". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH135.
Pełny tekst źródłaMassively synthesized from the 1930s, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) are among the chemicals whose uses have been progressively banned at the global scale for sanitary reasons, after many decades of industrial production and varied usages in industry as well as in commodities into offices and households. They have been described since the end of the 1960s as an omnipresent pollutant in the environment, accumulating in the bodies of living organisms, toxic, "persistent" (which – wherever it is – does not, or almost not, degrade over time), and which can be eliminated only by incineration at a very high temperature. These chemicals have been the subject of numerous political actions since the early 1970s: not only have the production and use of these substances been progressively banned, but regulatory devices and industrial sectors have been developed to carry their elimination out.This thesis examines how damages, problems, hazards and risks have been associated with PCBs and how all these have been managed. In this perspective, the world contamination by these substances appears, over the last five decades, as a recalcitrant problem: the multiplication of technical and political devices that have aimed at managing the (potential) adverse effects of PCBs have not prevent new problems from arising and certain types of problems already tackled in the past from resurfacing.Based on archives, interviews and documents collected online, this thesis first sets some milestones for a transnational history of the qualification and management of health and environmental issues related to PCBs since the beginning of their industrial production in 1929. It then focuses on three "cases" in France, between the mid-1980s and today, during which PCBs, from local problematization, prompted interventions of different actors, including scientists, associations and public authorities. Thus, it sheds light on scientific, technical, industrial, social and political dynamics that, beyond the consensus in scientific community on the biochemical persistence of these compounds, have made the political recalcitrance of the "PCB problem" over decades
Vanel, Julia. "De l'éducation sanitaire à la promotion de la santé : Enjeux et organisation des savoirs au coeur de l'action publique sanitaire (internationale)". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV033/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral thesis is an intellectual contribution to the analysis of the unquestionable, process of internationalization of public health policies. Starting from a precise and even narrow point—the transition from “health education” to “health promotion” in the discourses and practices put forward by the World Health Organization (WHO)—we retrace the historical and political representations that shape public health-related policies at the international level. This interdisciplinary work, at the crossroad of the history of ideas and the international public policies analysis, is based on an innovating methodology which articulates an intellectual and empirical research to the analysis of the history and the functions of the WHO.This history is one of knowledge intertwining with games of power and institutional processes in shifting contexts. Starting with the emergence as early as the XVIIIth century of health education as a strategy for changing personal behaviors and its inclusion far later in the WHO structure, we move to the question of (international) public (health) policies transformations. The progressive affirmation of health promotion in the 1980’s reflects how WHO instances reframed the meaning of their work, when confronted to the tensions provoked by the shifting balance of well-established conceptions, and how they modified their discourse and their practice in order to keep or acquire a capacity to influence public action.. Above all, our research shows that (international) public health policies are today characterized by a attempt to combine—in a context of complexified issues and increased heterogeneity in knowledge as well as of a greater number of stakeholders in public health (action)—an array of legitimizing discourses ranging from the defense of individual freedom and the need for collective action on behalf of health as a “common good” to (individual and collective) strategies of action that are not only different but often conflicting