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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Preclinical tumor models”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 8 czerwca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Varticovski, L., M. G. Hollingshead, M. R. Anver, et al. "Preclinical testing using tumors from genetically engineered mouse mammary models." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 10067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.10067.

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10067 Background: Mouse models have been used extensively in preclinical testing of anticancer drugs. However, few of these models reflect the progression of human disease, and even fewer predict the performance of these drugs in clinical trials. Testing anticancer therapies in genetically engineered mouse (GEM) holds the promise of improving preclinical models and guiding the design of clinical trials. Unfortunately, the use of tumor-bearing GEM is hampered by the difficulty in simultaneously obtaining sufficient numbers of animals with the same stage of tumor development. The additional comp

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Klenner, Marbod, Pia Freidel, Mariella G. Filbin, and Alexander Beck. "DIPG-39. New preclinical models for Diffuse Midline Glioma." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.096.

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Abstract Malignant brain tumors are the leading cause of childhood death in Germany, with Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) being the most lethal of all paediatric brain tumors. Current treatment strategies are limited to irradiation which prolongs survival only by a few months. Preclinical studies have identified effective drug candidates, but translation into the clinic remains a major obstacle. It is known that interactions between tumor cells and components of the TME (tumor microenvironment), such as cell to cell contacts between malignant and non-malignant cells or secreted factors, can incre

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Llaguno-Munive, Monserrat, Wilberto Villalba-Abascal, Alejandro Avilés-Salas, and Patricia Garcia-Lopez. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Preclinical Models of Glioblastoma." Journal of Imaging 9, no. 10 (2023): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging9100212.

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Cancer is a public health problem requiring ongoing research to improve current treatments and discover novel therapies. More accurate imaging would facilitate such research. Near-infrared fluorescence has been developed as a non-invasive imaging technique capable of visualizing and measuring biological processes at the molecular level in living subjects. In this work, we evaluate the tumor activity in two preclinical glioblastoma models by using fluorochrome (IRDye 800CW) coupled to different molecules: tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), and polyethylene glycol (P

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Costa, Alice, Livia Gozzellino, Margherita Nannini, Annalisa Astolfi, Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo, and Gianandrea Pasquinelli. "Preclinical Models of Visceral Sarcomas." Biomolecules 13, no. 11 (2023): 1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13111624.

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Visceral sarcomas are a rare malignant subgroup of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). STSs, accounting for 1% of all adult tumors, are derived from mesenchymal tissues and exhibit a wide heterogeneity. Their rarity and the high number of histotypes hinder the understanding of tumor development mechanisms and negatively influence clinical outcomes and treatment approaches. Although some STSs (~20%) have identifiable genetic markers, as specific mutations or translocations, most are characterized by complex genomic profiles. Thus, identification of new therapeutic targets and development of personaliz

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Roosen, Mieke, Chris Meulenbroeks, Phylicia Stathi, et al. "BIOL-11. PRECLINICAL MODELLING OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS USING ORGANOID TECHNOLOGY." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_1 (2023): i8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad073.030.

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Abstract Molecular characterization has resulted in improved classification of pediatric brain tumors, leading to many novel (sub)types with distinct oncodriving events. To study tumor biology and to perform translational research on each of these tumors, preclinical models are essential. However, we are currently lacking sufficient models, especially in vitro, to represent each (sub)type and their heterogeneity. To generate large series of preclinical in vitro models for pediatric brain tumors, we are using organoid technology. Cells from patient samples and patient-derived xenograft samples

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Sewduth, Raj N., and Konstantina Georgelou. "Relevance of Carcinogen-Induced Preclinical Cancer Models." Journal of Xenobiotics 14, no. 1 (2024): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jox14010006.

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Chemical agents can cause cancer in animals by damaging their DNA, mutating their genes, and modifying their epigenetic signatures. Carcinogen-induced preclinical cancer models are useful for understanding carcinogen-induced human cancers, as they can reproduce the diversity and complexity of tumor types, as well as the interactions with the host environment. However, these models also have some drawbacks that limit their applicability and validity. For instance, some chemicals may be more effective or toxic in animals than in humans, and the tumors may differ in their genetics and phenotypes.

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Ortiz, Michael Vincent, Armaan Siddiquee, Daoqi You, et al. "Preclinical evaluation of XPO1 inhibition in Wilms tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): 3580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3580.

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3580 Background: XPO1 is a nuclear export protein that selectively transports tumor and growth regulatory proteins out of the nucleus, thereby effectively inhibiting their function. We previously utilized the Virtual Inference of Protein-activity by Enriched Regulon analysis (VIPER) algorithm to discover that malignant rhabdoid tumors were dependent upon XPO1 inhibition and then evaluated a preclinical cohort using selinexor (KPT-330), the first-in-class selective inhibitor of nuclear export, to demonstrate that XPO1 inhibition was sufficient to cause cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and disease

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Sitta, Juliana, Pier Paolo Claudio, and Candace M. Howard. "Virus-Based Immuno-Oncology Models." Biomedicines 10, no. 6 (2022): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10061441.

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Immunotherapy has been extensively explored in recent years with encouraging results in selected types of cancer. Such success aroused interest in the expansion of such indications, requiring a deep understanding of the complex role of the immune system in carcinogenesis. The definition of hot vs. cold tumors and the role of the tumor microenvironment enlightened the once obscure understanding of low response rates of solid tumors to immune check point inhibitors. Although the major scope found in the literature focuses on the T cell modulation, the innate immune system is also a promising onc

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Bella, Ángela, Claudia Augusta Di Trani, Myriam Fernández-Sendin, et al. "Mouse Models of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis to Develop Clinical Applications." Cancers 13, no. 5 (2021): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13050963.

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Peritoneal carcinomatosis of primary tumors originating in gastrointestinal (e.g., colorectal cancer, gastric cancer) or gynecologic (e.g., ovarian cancer) malignancies is a widespread type of tumor dissemination in the peritoneal cavity for which few therapeutic options are available. Therefore, reliable preclinical models are crucial for research and development of efficacious treatments for this condition. To date, a number of animal models have attempted to reproduce as accurately as possible the complexity of the tumor microenvironment of human peritoneal carcinomatosis. These include: Sy

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Stripay, Jennifer L., Thomas E. Merchant, Martine F. Roussel, and Christopher L. Tinkle. "Preclinical Models of Craniospinal Irradiation for Medulloblastoma." Cancers 12, no. 1 (2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010133.

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Medulloblastoma is an embryonal tumor that shows a predilection for distant metastatic spread and leptomeningeal seeding. For most patients, optimal management of medulloblastoma includes maximum safe resection followed by adjuvant craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and chemotherapy. Although CSI is crucial in treating medulloblastoma, the realization that medulloblastoma is a heterogeneous disease comprising four distinct molecular subgroups (wingless [WNT], sonic hedgehog [SHH], Group 3 [G3], and Group 4 [G4]) with distinct clinical characteristics and prognoses has refocused efforts to better d

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Jarry, Ulrich, Megane Bostoen, Jérome Archambeau, et al. "Afatinib or Bevacizumab in combination with Osimertinib efficiently control tumor development in orthotopic murine models of non-small lung cancer." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0304914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304914.

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Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadliest cancers. Preclinical models are essential to study new therapies and combinations taking tumor genetics into account. We have established cell lines expressing the luciferase gene from lines with varied genetic backgrounds, commonly encountered in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. We have characterized these lines by testing their response to multiple drugs. Thus, we have developed orthotopic preclinical mouse models of NSCLC with very high engraftment efficiency. These models allow the easy monitoring of tumor growth, particularly in r

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Tada, Takuya, Thomas D. Norton, Rebecca Leibowitz, and Nathaniel R. Landau. "Checkpoint inhibitor-expressing lentiviral vaccine suppresses tumor growth in preclinical cancer models." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 12, no. 4 (2024): e008761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2023-008761.

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BackgroundWhile immunotherapy has been highly successful for the treatment of some cancers, for others, the immune response to tumor antigens is weak leading to treatment failure. The resistance of tumors to checkpoint inhibitor therapy may be caused by T cell exhaustion resulting from checkpoint activation.MethodsIn this study, lentiviral vectors that expressed T cell epitopes of an experimentally introduced tumor antigen, ovalbumin, or the endogenous tumor antigen, Trp1 were developed. The vectors coexpressed CD40 ligand (CD40L), which served to mature the dendritic cells (DCs), and a solubl

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13

Yu, Jie-Zeng, Zsofia Kiss, Weijie Ma, Ruqiang Liang, and Tianhong Li. "Preclinical Models for Functional Precision Lung Cancer Research." Cancers 17, no. 1 (2024): 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17010022.

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Patient-centered precision oncology strives to deliver individualized cancer care. In lung cancer, preclinical models and technological innovations have become critical in advancing this approach. Preclinical models enable deeper insights into tumor biology and enhance the selection of appropriate systemic therapies across chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, antibody–drug conjugates, and emerging investigational treatments. While traditional human lung cancer cell lines offer a basic framework for cancer research, they often lack the tumor heterogeneity and intricate tumor–strom

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Baniahmad, Aria. "Tumor spheroids and organoids as preclinical model systems." Medizinische Genetik 33, no. 3 (2021): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/medgen-2021-2093.

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Abstract The generation of three-dimensional (3D) cancer models is a novel and fascinating development in the study of personalized medicine and tumor-specific drug delivery. In addition to the classical two-dimensional (2D) adherent cell culture models, 3D spheroid and organoid cancer models that mimic the microenvironment of cancer tissue are emerging as an important preclinical model system. 3D cancer models form, similar to cancer, multiple cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions and activate different cellular cascades/pathways, like proliferation, quiescence, senescence, and

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Mahmoudian, Reihaneh Alsadat, Moein Farshchian, Fatemeh Fardi Golyan, et al. "Preclinical tumor mouse models for studying esophageal cancer." Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 189 (September 2023): 104068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104068.

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Tellez-Gabriel, Marta, Denis Cochonneau, Marie Cadé, Camille Jubelin, Marie-Françoise Heymann, and Dominique Heymann. "Circulating Tumor Cell-Derived Pre-Clinical Models for Personalized Medicine." Cancers 11, no. 1 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010019.

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The main cause of death from cancer is associated with the development of metastases, resulting from the inability of current therapies to cure patients at metastatic stages. Generating preclinical models to better characterize the evolution of the disease is thus of utmost importance, in order to implement effective new cancer biomarkers and therapies. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are good candidates for generating preclinical models, making it possible to follow up the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of tumor tissues. This method is a non-invasive liquid biopsy that can be obtained at a

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Rodgers, Louis T., Bryan J. Maloney, Anika M. S. Hartz, and Björn Bauer. "Fluorescence-Guided Resection of GL261 Red-FLuc and TRP-mCherry-FLuc Mouse Glioblastoma Tumors." Cancers 17, no. 5 (2025): 734. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17050734.

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Background: Most preclinical studies on glioblastoma (GBM) fail to provide translational utility in the clinic. Fluorescence-guided surgery using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) improves tumor resection, disease prognosis, and, thus, patient outcomes. Given the critical role of surgery in managing recurrent GBM, it is essential to incorporate surgical elements into preclinical models to accurately reflect clinical scenarios and enhance translational success. However, existing protocols for 5-ALA-guided resection in preclinical models are limited and often lack clinical relevance. Methods: To add

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Ehrenberg, Karl Roland, Jianpeng Gao, Felix Oppel, et al. "Systematic Generation of Patient-Derived Tumor Models in Pancreatic Cancer." Cells 8, no. 2 (2019): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8020142.

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In highly aggressive malignancies like pancreatic cancer (PC), patient-derived tumor models can serve as disease-relevant models to understand disease-related biology as well as to guide clinical decision-making. In this study, we describe a two-step protocol allowing systematic establishment of patient-derived primary cultures from PC patient tumors. Initial xenotransplantation of surgically resected patient tumors (n = 134) into immunodeficient mice allows for efficient in vivo expansion of vital tumor cells and successful tumor expansion in 38% of patient tumors (51/134). Expansion xenograf

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Pinto, Bárbara, Ana C. Henriques, Patrícia M. A. Silva, and Hassan Bousbaa. "Three-Dimensional Spheroids as In Vitro Preclinical Models for Cancer Research." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12 (2020): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121186.

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Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority of promising preclinical drugs have no or weak efficacy in real patients with tumors, thereby delaying the discovery of successful therapeutics. This is because 2D culture lacks cell–cell contacts and natural tumor microenvironment, important in tumor signaling and drug response, thereby resulting in a reduced malignant phenotype compared to the real tumor. In this sense, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of can

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Koptyra, Mateusz, Valerie Baubet, David Beale, et al. "MODL-30. Children’s Brain Tumor Network preclinical tumor models development and sharing platform: collaborative model empowering pediatric brain tumor discovery and global research." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i175—i176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.653.

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Abstract Pediatric brain tumor preclinical field suffered for years from the lack of in vitro and in vivo models. With the explosion of novel therapy approaches for solid and brain tumors, including the immunotherapies it is essential to maximize the access to preclinical models for preclinical specificity, efficacy as well and safety. One of the many ways the Children’s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) accelerates the pediatric brain tumor research and discovery is through support of the tumor model development program. This program focuses on the generation, characterization, and distribution of d

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Davy, Mélodie, Laurie Genest, Christophe Legrand, et al. "Evaluation of Temozolomide and Fingolimod Treatments in Glioblastoma Preclinical Models." Cancers 15, no. 18 (2023): 4478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184478.

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Glioblastomas are malignant brain tumors which remain lethal due to their aggressive and invasive nature. The standard treatment combines surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy using Temozolomide, albeit with a minor impact on patient prognosis (15 months median survival). New therapies evaluated in preclinical translational models are therefore still required to improve patient survival and quality of life. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the effect of Temozolomide in different models of glioblastoma. We also aimed to investigate the efficacy of Fingolimod, an immunomodula

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Minami, Jenna, Nicholas Bayley, Christopher Tse, et al. "TAMI-06. PRECLINICAL MODELS REVEAL BRAIN-MICROENVIRONMENT SPECIFIC METABOLIC DEPENDENCIES IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.895.

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Abstract Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, and malignant cells must acquire metabolic adaptations to fuel neoplastic progression. Mutations or changes in metabolic gene expression can impose nutrient dependencies in tumors, and even in the absence of metabolic defects, cancer cells can become auxotrophic for particular nutrients or metabolic byproducts generated by other cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Conventional cell lines do not recapitulate the metabolic heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM), while primary cultured cells do not account for the influences of the mic

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Hollawell, Madison, Valerie Baubet, David Beale, et al. "BIOL-22. CHILDREN’S BRAIN TUMOR NETWORK PRECLINICAL TUMOR MODELS DEVELOPMENT AND SHARING PLATFORM: COLLABORATIVE MODEL EMPOWERING PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR DISCOVERY AND GLOBAL RESEARCH." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_1 (2023): i10—i11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad073.041.

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Abstract Pediatric brain tumor preclinical development has suffered from the lack of robust in vitro and in vivo models that span the large number of brain tumor histologies. Opportunities for precision medicine approaches for solid and brain tumors are expanding, including immunotherapies, so it is essential to maximize access to preclinical models for studies of specificity, efficacy, and safety of treatments in ways that align patient models to patient samples and their clinical course. The Children’s Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) seeks to accelerate pediatric brain tumor research and discover

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Mohr, Hermine, and Natalia S. Pellegata. "Animal models of MEN1." Endocrine-Related Cancer 24, no. 10 (2017): T161—T177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-17-0249.

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Animal models of cancer have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the biology of tumor initiation and progression, in studying gene function and in performing preclinical studies aimed at testing novel therapies. Several animal models of the MEN1 syndrome have been generated in different organisms by introducing loss-of-function mutations in the orthologues of the humanMEN1gene. In this review, we will discuss MEN1 and MEN1-like models in Drosophila, mice and rats. These model systems with their specific advantages and limitations have contributed to elucidate the function of Me

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Hansson, Karin, Katarzyna Radke, Kristina Aaltonen, et al. "Therapeutic targeting of KSP in preclinical models of high-risk neuroblastoma." Science Translational Medicine 12, no. 562 (2020): eaba4434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aba4434.

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Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy with often dismal prognosis; relapse is common despite intense treatment. Here, we used human tumor organoids representing multiple MYCN-amplified high-risk neuroblastomas to perform a high-throughput drug screen with approved or emerging oncology drugs. Tumor-selective effects were calculated using drug sensitivity scores. Several drugs with previously unreported anti-neuroblastoma effects were identified by stringent selection criteria. ARRY-520, an inhibitor of kinesin spindle protein (KSP), was among those causing reduced viability. High expression o

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Minami, Jenna, Nicholas Bayley, Christopher Tse, et al. "ETMM-02. PRECLINICAL MODELS REVEAL BRAIN-MICROENVIRONMENT SPECIFIC METABOLIC DEPENDENCIES IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_1 (2021): i14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab024.058.

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Abstract Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, and malignant cells must acquire metabolic adaptations in response to a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic factors to fuel neoplastic progression. Mutations or changes in metabolic gene expression can impose nutrient dependencies in tumors, and even in the absence of metabolic defects, cancer cells can become auxotrophic for particular nutrients or metabolic byproducts generated by other cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Conventional cell lines do not recapitulate the metabolic heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM), while prima

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Forde, Patrick F., Mira Sadadcharam, Michael G. Bourke, et al. "Preclinical evaluation of an endoscopic electroporation system." Endoscopy 48, no. 05 (2016): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-101343.

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Background and study aims: Targeted delivery of specific chemotherapeutic drugs into tumors can be achieved by delivering electrical pulses directly to the tumor tissue. This causes a transient formation of pores in the cell membrane that enables passive diffusion of normally impermeant drugs. A novel device has been developed to enable the endoscopic delivery of this tumor permeabilizing treatment. The aim of the preclinical studies described here was to investigate the efficacy and safety of this nonthermal ablation system in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer models. Methods: Murine,

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Ernst, Kati, Konstantin Okonechnikov, Laura von Soosten, et al. "BIOL-07. DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA MOUSE MODELS REVEALED BY SINGLE-NUCLEUS RNA-SEQUENCING GUIDE PRE-CLINICAL MODEL SELECTION." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_1 (2023): i7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad073.026.

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Abstract Glioma is the most common pediatric central nervous system tumor, with high-grade gliomas (HGG) having one of the worst prognoses of all human cancers. In order to develop better diagnostics and therapies, it is essential to use faithful disease models. Currently, highly passaged patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are most widely used in preclinical studies, although alternative immunocompetent models are becoming increasingly available. Here, we compare several in vivo glioma models on a single-cell level and investigate their similarity to primary human tumors. Single-nucleus se

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Sgouros, George, Robert F. Hobbs, and Diane S. Abou. "The Role of Preclinical Models in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy." American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, no. 34 (May 2014): e121-e125. http://dx.doi.org/10.14694/edbook_am.2014.34.e121.

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Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a treatment modality that involves the use of radioactively labeled targeting agents to deliver a cytotoxic dose of radiation to tumor while sparing normal tissue. The biologic function of the target and the biologic action of the targeting agent is largely irrelevant as long as the targeting agent delivers cytotoxic radiation to the tumor. Preclinical RPT studies use imaging and ex vivo evaluation of radioactivity concentration in target and normal tissues to obtain biodistribution and pharmacokinetic data that can be used to evaluate radiation absorbed do

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Dobson, Tara, and Vidya Gopalakrishnan. "Preclinical Models of Pediatric Brain Tumors—Forging Ahead." Bioengineering 5, no. 4 (2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering5040081.

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Approximately five out of 100,000 children from 0 to 19 years old are diagnosed with a brain tumor. These children are treated with medication designed for adults that are highly toxic to a developing brain. Those that survive are at high risk for a lifetime of limited physical, psychological, and cognitive abilities. Despite much effort, not one drug exists that was designed specifically for pediatric patients. Stagnant government funding and the lack of economic incentives for the pharmaceutical industry greatly limits preclinical research and the development of clinically applicable pediatr

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Dondossola, Eleonora, Andrey S. Dobroff, Serena Marchiò, et al. "Self-targeting of TNF-releasing cancer cells in preclinical models of primary and metastatic tumors." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 8 (2016): 2223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525697113.

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Circulating cancer cells can putatively colonize distant organs to form metastases or to reinfiltrate primary tumors themselves through a process termed “tumor self-seeding.” Here we exploit this biological attribute to deliver tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), a potent antitumor cytokine, directly to primary and metastatic tumors in a mechanism that we have defined as “tumor self-targeting.” For this purpose, we genetically engineered mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (TSA), melanoma (B16-F10), and Lewis lung carcinoma cells to produce and release murine TNF. In a series of intervention trials, s

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Kenkre, Rishaan, Owen Chapman, Jens Luebeck, et al. "STEM-07. CONSERVATION AND FAITHFUL REPRESENTATION OF CIRCULAR EXTRACHROMOSOMAL DNA IN ORTHOTOPIC PATIENT-DERIVED MEDULLOBLASTOMA XENOGRAFTS." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_4 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae064.778.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) drives tumor heterogeneity and correlates with poor survival across various cancer types. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models facilitate preclinical drug testing in vivo, enabling tumor growth analysis and molecular tumor profiling. These models, combined with single-cell profiling, offer insights into intratumoral heterogeneity under therapeutic pressure and the emergence of drug resistance. We investigate the abundance and conservation of ecDNA in PDX models to assess the faithful representation of ecDNA compared to their corresponding prim

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Yildiz, Merve, Andrea Romano, and Sofia Xanthoulea. "Murine Xenograft Models as Preclinical Tools in Endometrial Cancer Research." Cancers 16, no. 23 (2024): 3994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16233994.

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Murine xenograft models are valuable and increasingly used preclinical tools in cancer research to understand disease pathogenesis and guide treatment options. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the studies that employed mouse xenograft models, using cell lines, patient-derived tumors, or organoids, in endometrial cancer (EC) research, detailing their methodology and main findings. We identified 27 articles reporting on heterotopic EC xenografts, including subcutaneous, subrenal capsule, intraperitoneal, and retro-orbital models, and 18 articles using orthotopic xenografts. Subcu

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Kalra, Jessica, Jennifer Baker, Justin Song, Alastair Kyle, Andrew Minchinton, and Marcel Bally. "Inter-Metastatic Heterogeneity of Tumor Marker Expression and Microenvironment Architecture in a Preclinical Cancer Model." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (2021): 6336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126336.

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Background: Preclinical drug development studies rarely consider the impact of a candidate drug on established metastatic disease. This may explain why agents that are successful in subcutaneous and even orthotopic preclinical models often fail to demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials. It is reasonable to anticipate that sites of metastasis will be phenotypically unique, as each tumor will have evolved heterogeneously with respect to gene expression as well as the associated phenotypic outcome of that expression. The objective for the studies described here was to gain an understanding of th

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Hicks, William H., Cylaina E. Bird, Jeffrey I. Traylor, et al. "Contemporary Mouse Models in Glioma Research." Cells 10, no. 3 (2021): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030712.

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Despite advances in understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of glioma, outcomes remain dismal. Developing successful treatments for glioma requires faithful in vivo disease modeling and rigorous preclinical testing. Murine models, including xenograft, syngeneic, and genetically engineered models, are used to study glioma-genesis, identify methods of tumor progression, and test novel treatment strategies. Since the discovery of highly recurrent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in lower-grade gliomas, there is increasing emphasis on effective modeling of IDH mutant brain tumors. Impr

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Vitale, Giovanni, Silvia Carra, Ylenia Alessi, et al. "Carcinoid Syndrome: Preclinical Models and Future Therapeutic Strategies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (2023): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043610.

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Carcinoid syndrome represents a debilitating paraneoplastic disease, caused by the secretion of several substances, occurring in about 10–40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The main signs and symptoms associated with carcinoid syndrome are flushing, diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and fibrotic complications (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibrosis, and carcinoid heart disease). Although there are several drugs available for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome, the lack of therapeutic response, poor tole

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Chauhan, Aman, Piotr Rychahou, Tadahide Izumi, et al. "Antitumor efficacy of M3814 as a radiation sensitizer in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) preclinical models." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e15699-e15699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e15699.

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e15699 Background: Recent FDA approval of peptide receptor radiotherapy paved the way for radiation-based treatment for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs). M-3814, a DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor (DNA-PKi), is known to potentiate the effects of radiation therapy in various solid tumor in vivo models. Currently there is no data evaluating anti-tumor efficacy of DNA-PK inhibitors in preclinical NET models. M-3814 inhibits DNA damage repair mechanism; antitumor efficacy of M-3814 in NETs is unknown. Methods: The efficacy of M-3814 in combination with radiation therapy

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McCloskey, Curtis, Galaxia Rodriguez, Kristianne Galpin, and Barbara Vanderhyden. "Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy: Preclinical Models and Emerging Therapeutics." Cancers 10, no. 8 (2018): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10080244.

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Immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising approaches for ovarian cancer treatment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a key factor to consider when stimulating antitumoral responses as it consists largely of tumor promoting immunosuppressive cell types that attenuate antitumor immunity. As our understanding of the determinants of the TME composition grows, we have begun to appreciate the need to address both inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, mutation/neoantigen burden, immune landscape, and stromal cell contributions. The majority of immunotherapy studies in ovarian cancer ha

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Indersie, Emilie, Léa Sinayen, Aurore Gorse, et al. "Abstract 1289: A preclinical platform of PDX breast cancer models and their cellular counterparts to identify resistance mechanisms and novel therapeutic options." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 1289. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-1289.

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Abstract Despite significant advancements in understanding the biology and genetics of breast cancer, the development of effective therapies requires predictive and physiologically relevant preclinical models for their evaluation. In this context, patient-derived xenografts (PDX) have become a standard tool as they reproduce the biology of the original tumors in terms of histology, genotype, and response to chemotherapy. They have proven their relevance in studying pathways leading to cancer development and progression, mechanisms related to tumor resistance, and identifying new effective ther

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Spoormans, Kaat, Melissa Crabbé, Lara Struelens, Marijke De Saint-Hubert, and Michel Koole. "A Review on Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Preclinical Dosimetry in Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT)." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 10 (2022): 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102007.

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Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) uses radiopharmaceuticals to specifically irradiate tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue. Response to this treatment highly depends on the absorbed dose. Tumor control probability (TCP) models aim to predict the tumor response based on the absorbed dose by taking into account the different characteristics of TRT. For instance, TRT employs radiation with a high linear energy transfer (LET), which results in an increased effectiveness. Furthermore, a heterogeneous radiopharmaceutical distribution could result in a heterogeneous dose distribution at a tissu

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Chen, Stephen R., Frederick F. Lang, and Peter Kan. "Preclinical animal brain tumor models for interventional neuro-oncology." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 14, no. 5 (2022): neurintsurg—2022–018968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2022-018968.

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Wu, Jianrong, and Peter J. Houghton. "Assessing Cytotoxic Treatment Effects in Preclinical Tumor Xenograft Models." Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 19, no. 5 (2009): 755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10543400903105158.

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Banerjee, Sulagna, Venugopal Thayanithy, Veena Sangwan, Tiffany N. Mackenzie, Ashok K. Saluja, and Subbaya Subramanian. "Minnelide reduces tumor burden in preclinical models of osteosarcoma." Cancer Letters 335, no. 2 (2013): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2013.02.050.

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Golebiewska, Anna, Ann-Christin Hau, Anais Oudin, et al. "TMOD-08. PRIMARY AND RECURRENT GLIOMA PATIENT-DERIVED ORTHOTOPIC XENOGRAFTS (PDOX) REPRESENT RELEVANT PATIENT AVATARS FOR PRECISION MEDICINE." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.959.

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Abstract Patient-derived cancer models are essential tools for studying tumor biology and for preclinical interventions. Although numerous clinical cancer trials are being conducted, many fail due to inappropriate selection of compounds at the preclinical stage. Therefore, better preclinical models are crucial for predicting successful clinical impact. Orthotropic patient-derived xenograft (PDOX) models are of particular importance for brain cancers, as they allow to better recapitulate the brain tumor environment and the blood brain barrier. We created a large collection of PDOXs from primary

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Haskell-Mendoza, Aden, Lucas Wachsmuth, and Peter Fecci. "LMAP-09 RECAPITULATING LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY IN PRECLINICAL BRAIN TUMOR MODELS." Neuro-Oncology Advances 5, Supplement_3 (2023): iii11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdad070.040.

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Abstract Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally-invasive option for cytoreduction of recurrent or otherwise difficult-to-access intracranial tumors. Relative to resection, ablated tumor tissue remains in situ, facilitating recognition of tumor antigens and a targetable immune response. To investigate the immune consequences of LITT, we developed a model of stereotactic laser ablation for use with existing syngeneic glioma and intracranial metastasis cell lines. A 1064 nm diode-based Nd:YAG laser (Monteris Medical) was used to thermally ablate normal brain tissue or CT-2A tumo

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Gadwa, Jacob, Justin Yu, Miles Piper, et al. "Divergent response to radio-immunotherapy is defined by intrinsic features of the tumor microenvironment." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 13, no. 1 (2025): e010405. https://doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2024-010405.

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BackgroundTreatment with immunotherapy can elicit varying responses across cancer types, and the mechanistic underpinnings that contribute to response vrsus progression remain poorly understood. However, to date there are few preclinical models that accurately represent these disparate disease scenarios.MethodsUsing combinatorial radio-immunotherapy consisting of PD-1 blockade, IL2Rβγ biased signaling, and OX40 agonism we were able to generate preclinical tumor models with conflicting responses, where head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) models respond and pancreatic ductal adenocarci

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Lee, Jung Woo, Jia Kim, Youngjae Shin, Byung Hoon Chi, Jung Hoon Kim, and Se Young Choi. "Patient-Specific Tumor Microenvironment Models." Korean Journal of Urological Oncology 19, no. 4 (2021): 197–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.22465/kjuo.2021.19.4.197.

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The heterogeneity of cancer makes it difficult to predict the prognosis of treatment. There is still a lack of preclinical model systems that reflect the clinical characteristics of patients who have heterogenetic tumors. Advances in 3-dimentional (3D) cell culture are leading to discoveries that occur in the development and progression of cancer that has not been known. There are many models including patient-derived xenograft, patient-derived organoid and spheroid, patient-derived explant, scaffold-based model, and system-based model. Each 3D model has its strengths and limitations. One mode

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Saito, Yasuyuki, Afroj Tania, Satomi Komori та ін. "Preclinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Human Sirpα Antibodies for B-Cell Lymphoma Immunotherapy in Humanized Mouse Models". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (2023): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-181926.

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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in the tumor microenvironment and are considered potential targets to enhance cancer immunotherapy against B-cell lymphomas. However, faithful and predictive preclinical tumor models of human B-cell lymphomas for the evaluation of therapeutics targeting human TAMs have not been established yet. To examine the antitumor effects of agents targeting human TAMs in vivo, we here established preclinical tumor xenograft models based on Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- immunodeficient mice that express multiple human cytokines, such as M-CSF, IL-3, GM-CSF, and THPO (MIT

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Barachini, Serena, Mariangela Morelli, Orazio Santo Santonocito, and Chiara Maria Mazzanti. "Preclinical glioma models in neuro-oncology: enhancing translational research." Current Opinion in Oncology 35, no. 6 (2023): 536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cco.0000000000000997.

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Purpose of review Gliomas represent approximately 25% of all primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors and 81% of malignant tumors. Unfortunately, standard treatment approaches for most CNS cancers have shown limited improvement in patient survival rates. Recent findings The current drug development process has been plagued by high failure rates, leading to a shift towards human disease models in biomedical research. Unfortunately, suitable preclinical models for brain tumors have been lacking, hampering our understanding of tumor initiation processes and the discovery of eff

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Grausam, Katie, David Rincon Fernandez Pacheco, Emily Hatanaka, Stephen Shiao, and Joshua Breunig. "MODL-34. A SERIES OF EGFR-MUTANT MODELS OF GLIOBLASTOMA THAT RECAPITULATES PATIENT TUMOR HETEROGENEITY AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (2023): v306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1185.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain cancer, with a treatment regimen that has remained disappointingly unaltered for the last few decades. Preclinical testing of immunotherapy has generated promising results, sometimes leading to elimination of the tumor over time in mouse models; however, when tested clinically, patients show limited responses with no impact on patient survival. Current mouse models (e.g., GL261) for preclinical testing involve orthotopic transplantation of a cell line with tumor mutations not commonly found in patient tumors. Most of these mod

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