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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „QacA”

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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Bayer, A. S., L. I. Kupferwasser, M. H. Brown, et al. "Low-Level Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to Thrombin-Induced Platelet Microbicidal Protein 1 In Vitro Associated with qacA Gene Carriage Is Independent of Multidrug Efflux Pump Activity." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 7 (2006): 2448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00028-06.

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ABSTRACT Thrombin-induced platelet microbial protein 1 (tPMP-1), a cationic antimicrobial polypeptide released from thrombin-stimulated rabbit platelets, targets the Staphylococcus aureus cytoplasmic membrane to initiate its microbicidal effects. In vitro resistance to tPMP-1 correlates with survival advantages in vivo. In S. aureus, the plasmid-carried qacA gene encodes a multidrug transporter, conferring resistance to organic cations (e.g., ethidium [Et]) via proton motive force (PMF)-energized export. We previously showed that qacA also confers a tPMP-1-resistant (tPMP-1r) phenotype in vitr

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2

Kawai, Mako, Sakuo Yamada, Ai Ishidoshiro, Yoshihiro Oyamada, Hideaki Ito, and Jun-ichi Yamagishi. "Cell-wall thickness: possible mechanism of acriflavine resistance in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Medical Microbiology 58, no. 3 (2009): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.004184-0.

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Acriflavine resistance in the clinical meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate KT24 was found not to be mediated by multidrug efflux pumps encoded by qacA/B, smr, qacE, qacG, qacH, qacJ or norA. Early uptake and accumulation of ethidium bromide in MRSA KT24 was significantly lower than that in a susceptible strain, although the efflux rates were similar. Therefore, a permeability barrier in MRSA KT24 may be the conceivable mechanism of acriflavine resistance. Interestingly, it was found that MRSA KT24 had a significantly thickened cell wall, and that cell-wall thickness increased gr

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3

He, Gui-Xin, Michael Landry, Huizhong Chen, et al. "Detection of benzalkonium chloride resistance in community environmental isolates of staphylococci." Journal of Medical Microbiology 63, no. 5 (2014): 735–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.073072-0.

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We isolated a total of 653 strains from 64 community environmental samples in Massachusetts, USA. Among these isolates, 9.65 % (63 strains) were benzalkonium chloride (BC)-resistant staphylococci. All BC-resistant strains were collected from surfaces upon which antibacterial wipes or antibacterial sprays containing 0.02–0.12 % BC had frequently been used in the fitness centres. However, isolates from surfaces upon which antibacterial wipes or antibacterial sprays had not been used were all sensitive to BC. All BC-resistant strains were also resistant to erythromycin, penicillin and ampicillin.

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4

Nakaminami, Hidemasa, Norihisa Noguchi, and Masanori Sasatsu. "Fluoroquinolone Efflux by the Plasmid-Mediated Multidrug Efflux Pump QacB Variant QacBIII in Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 10 (2010): 4107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01065-09.

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ABSTRACT Plasmids that carry the multidrug efflux genes qacA and qacB are widely distributed in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although the QacA and QacB proteins are similar to each other, their respective substrate specificities may differ. We investigated the variability and structure-function relationships of QacA and QacB in MRSA isolates. The amino acid sequences of 7 QacA and 25 QacB proteins showed that QacB was present in three variants, designated QacBII, QacBIII, and QacBIV, that were different from the prototypic QacB variant encoded by plasmid pSK23, which was

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5

Bjorland, Jostein, Terje Steinum, Marianne Sunde, Steinar Waage, and Even Heir. "Novel Plasmid-Borne Gene qacJ Mediates Resistance to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds in Equine Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans, and Staphylococcus intermedius." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 10 (2003): 3046–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.10.3046-3052.2003.

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ABSTRACT We identified a novel plasmid-borne gene (designated qacJ) encoding resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in three staphylococcal species associated with chronic infections in four horses. qacJ was located on a 2,650-bp plasmid (designated pNVH01), a new member of the pC194 family of rolling-circle replication plasmids. The 107-amino-acid protein, QacJ, showed similarities to known proteins of the small multidrug resistance family: Smr/QacC (72.5%), QacG (82.6%), and QacH (73.4%). The benzalkonium chloride MIC for a qacJ-containing recombinant was higher than those for ot

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6

Ergun, Y., Z. Cantekin, K. Gurturk, H. Solmaz, IH Ekin, and D. Ozturk. "Distribution of antiseptic resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp. from bovine mastitis." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 4 (2017): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/265/2015-vetmed.

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The purpose of this study was the determination of antiseptic resistance genes (qacA/B and qacC) from staphylococcal mastitis in cattle in various regions of Turkey. In total, 283 isolates (Burdur: 36, Hatay: 47 and Van: 200) were studied, and the antiseptic resistance genes were detected using simplex PCR. The distribution of the qacA/B and qacC genes, mediating resistance against quaternary ammonium compounds, was found to vary among the different isolates. The qacA/B genes were found in three of the Burdur isolates, six of the Hatay isolates and seven of the Van isolates. The qacC gene was

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7

Et al., Saber. "Detection a New Antiseptic Resistant Variant of qac Gene in Some Multi Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Different Clinical Sources." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 3 (2019): 0571. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2019.16.3.0571.

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The increasing use of antiseptic compounds creates selective pressure cause emergence of antiseptic resistance among Staphylococcus aureus .Resistance mechanism of antiseptic is driven mainly by multi drug resistant (MDR) efflux protein.Sixty five isolates of S.aureuswere collected from different clinical sources and subjected to 11 antibiotics most of them are recognized by efflux systems as extruded substrates. Range of efflux activity was estimated using cartwheel method. Simultaneous discrimination of antiseptic coding genes (qacA/B, smr and norA)as well as nuc and mecA genes among multidr

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8

Paulsen, Ian T., Melissa H. Brown, and Ronald A. Skurray. "Characterization of the Earliest KnownStaphylococcus aureus Plasmid Encoding a Multidrug Efflux System." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 13 (1998): 3477–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.13.3477-3479.1998.

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ABSTRACT The staphylococcal qacB-encoding multidrug resistance plasmid pSK156, isolated from a clinical strain dating from 1951, was characterized. Comparison of the regions flanking qacB with other qacA- and qacB-encoding plasmids provided insights into the evolution and dissemination of these multidrug efflux genes and led to the detection of the earliest known copy of the insertion sequence IS257.

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9

Sidhu, Maan Singh, Even Heir, Truls Leegaard, Karianne Wiger та Askild Holck. "Frequency of Disinfectant Resistance Genes and Genetic Linkage with β-Lactamase Transposon Tn552 among Clinical Staphylococci". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, № 9 (2002): 2797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.9.2797-2803.2002.

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ABSTRACT A total of 61 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 177 coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains were isolated from the blood of patients with bloodstream infections and from the skin of both children under cancer treatment and human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. The MIC analyses revealed that 118 isolates (50%) were resistant to quaternary ammonium compound-based disinfectant benzalkonium chloride (BC). The frequencies of resistance to a range of antibiotics were significantly higher among BC-resistant staphylococci than among BC-sensitive staphylococci. Of 78 BC-resistan

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Kiley, John L., Dana M. Blyth, Dana M. Blyth, et al. "543. Biocide Resistance Genes in Klebsiella spp. Infections from Trauma Patients in Iraq and Afghanistan." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.612.

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Abstract Background Biocides play an integral role in infection control. Paralleling concern about rising incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms is a concern for resistance to biocides. In small studies, several genes involved in the production of efflux pump proteins have been identified as markers of biocide resistance in Klebsiella spp., namely cepA, qacA, qacE, qac∆E, and acrA. This study aimed to analyze the Klebsiella spp. isolates of a previously defined military trauma group with a high incidence of MDR organisms for the presence of these genes and their correlation with othe

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11

Hayden, Mary K., Karen Lolans, Katherine Haffenreffer, et al. "Chlorhexidine and Mupirocin Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in the REDUCE-MRSA Trial." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 11 (2016): 2735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01444-16.

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Whether targeted or universal decolonization strategies for the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) select for resistance to decolonizing agents is unresolved. The REDUCE-MRSA trial (ClinicalTrials registration no. NCT00980980) provided an opportunity to investigate this question. REDUCE-MRSA was a 3-arm, cluster-randomized trial of either screening and isolation without decolonization, targeted decolonization with chlorhexidine and mupirocin, or universal decolonization without screening to prevent MRSA infection in intensive-care unit (ICU) patients. Isolates from t

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12

Lin, Kai-Hsiang, Chien-Yu Lin, Chieh-Chen Huang, Yu-Ling Ho, Shu-Fen Yang, and Cheng-Mao Ho. "Differentiation of qacA and qacB using high-resolution melt curve analysis, and both qacA and qacB but not qacC or norA types increase chlorhexidine minimal inhibitory concentrations in Staphylococcus aureus isolates." Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 53, no. 6 (2020): 900–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.09.006.

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Oliveira-Tintino, Cícera Datiane de Morais, Saulo Relison Tintino, Ana Carolina Justino de Araújo та ін. "Efflux Pump (QacA, QacB, and QacC) and β-Lactamase Inhibitors? An Evaluation of 1,8-Naphthyridines against Staphylococcus aureus Strains". Molecules 28, № 4 (2023): 1819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041819.

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The bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus presents a variety of resistance mechanisms, among which the expression of β-lactamases and efflux pumps stand out for providing a significant degree of resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics. The 1,8-naphthyridines are nitrogen heterocycles with a broad spectrum of biological activities and, as such, are promising research targets. However, the potential roles of these compounds on bacterial resistance management remain to be better investigated. Therefore, the present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of 1,8-naphthyridine sulfonamid

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14

Warren, David K., Martin Prager, Satish Munigala, et al. "Prevalence of qacA/B Genes and Mupirocin Resistance Among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates in the Setting of Chlorhexidine Bathing Without Mupirocin." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 5 (2016): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.1.

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OBJECTIVEWe aimed to determine the frequency of qacA/B chlorhexidine tolerance genes and high-level mupirocin resistance among MRSA isolates before and after the introduction of a chlorhexidine (CHG) daily bathing intervention in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU).DESIGNRetrospective cohort study (2005–2012)SETTINGA large tertiary-care centerPATIENTSPatients admitted to SICU who had MRSA surveillance cultures of the anterior naresMETHODSA random sample of banked MRSA anterior nares isolates recovered during (2005) and after (2006–2012) implementation of a daily CHG bathing protocol was exam

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15

Hang, Nguyen Thi, Vu Duc Hanh, Dam Van Phai, et al. "Successful Application of Site-directed Mutagenesis Polymerase Chain Reaction to Mutate TMS 11 of the Staphylococcal Multidrug Efflux Protein QacA." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 512–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2020.3.1.04.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major problem in both the clinical setting and within the community. S. aureus can quickly develop resistance to a wide range of antibiotics through a number of different mechanisms, of which, using transporters located in the cell membrane to pump antibiotics out of the cell is the most serious concern. In staphylococcal species, QacA, one such important transporter, is encoded by qacA. QacA is 55kD in size and has 14 transmembrane segments (TMS) (TMS 1-TMS 14). This research describes the mutation process of the amino acid residues in TMS 11 of QacA using site-dire

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16

Takeuchi, Koh, Misaki Imai, and Ichio Shimada. "Conformational equilibrium defines the variable induction of the multidrug-binding transcriptional repressor QacR." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 40 (2019): 19963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906129116.

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QacR, a multidrug-binding transcriptional repressor in pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, modulates the transcriptional level of the multidrug transporter gene, qacA, in response to engaging a set of diverse ligands. However, the structural basis that defines the variable induction level remains unknown. Here, we reveal that the conformational equilibrium between the repressive and inducive conformations in QacR defines the induction level of the transporter gene. In addition, the unligated QacR is already partly populated in the inducive conformation, allowing the basal expression of

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17

Nor A'shimi, Muhammad Harith, Ahmed Ghazi Alattraqchi, Farahiyah Mohd Rani, et al. "Biocide susceptibilities and biofilm-forming capacities of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from Malaysia." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, no. 07 (2019): 626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11455.

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Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen that has the capacity to develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. However, very little is known regarding its susceptibility to biocides (antiseptics and disinfectants) and capacity to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates. Aim. To determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates to commonly-used biocides, investigate their biofilm-forming capacities and the prevalence of biocide resistance and biofilm-associated genes. Methodology. The minimum inhibitory concentratio

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Hassan, Karl A., Talal Souhani, Ronald A. Skurray, and Melissa H. Brown. "Analysis of Tryptophan Residues in the Staphylococcal Multidrug Transporter QacA Reveals Long-Distance Functional Associations of Residues on Opposite Sides of the Membrane." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 7 (2008): 2441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01864-07.

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ABSTRACT Tryptophan residues can possess a multitude of functions within a multidrug transport protein, e.g., mediating interactions with substrates or distal parts of the protein, or fulfilling a structural requirement, such as guiding the depth of membrane insertion. In this study, the nine tryptophan residues of the staphylococcal QacA multidrug efflux protein were individually mutated to alanine and phenylalanine, and the functional consequences of these changes were determined. Phenylalanine substitutions for each tryptophan residue were functionally tolerated. However, alanine modificati

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A. A. Jawad and N. M. Utba. "ANTISEPTICS RESISTANCE GENES (QACA/B, SMR) DETECTION AND EXPRESSION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 54, no. 4 (2023): 1147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i4.1808.

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This study was aimed to investigate the resistance of S. aureus to different antiseptics.This research indicate that the resistance of S.aureus to antiseptics is due to possessing either the smr gene or the qacA/B genes that associated with decreased susceptibility to antiseptics there for this study amid to determine the frequencies of S. aureus chloroxylenol resistant isolates and the presence of the previous genes in these isolates as well as the effect of chloroxylenol on the expression of these genes.189 clinical isolates isolated from skin infections identified as S. aureus in Baghdad by

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McGann, Patrick, Yoon I. Kwak, Amy Summers, James F. Cummings, Paige E. Waterman, and Emil P. Lesho. "Detection of qacA/B in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a Regional Healthcare Network in the Eastern United States." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 32, no. 11 (2011): 1116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/662380.

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We describe the clinical, microbiologic, and molecular features of the first series of qacA/B-containing strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from infected US patients. All qac-carrying strains were clonally diverse, and qacA strains exhibited increased tolerance to chlorhexidine as measured by minimum inhibitory concentrations, minimum bactericidal concentrations, and postexposure colony counts.

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Mayer, S. "Distribution of the antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacB and qacC in 497 methicillin-resistant and -susceptible European isolates of Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 47, no. 6 (2001): 896–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/47.6.896.

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Mitchell, Bernadette A., Melissa H. Brown, and Ronald A. Skurray. "QacA Multidrug Efflux Pump fromStaphylococcus aureus: Comparative Analysis of Resistance to Diamidines, Biguanidines, and Guanylhydrazones." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 2 (1998): 475–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.2.475.

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ABSTRACT The staphylococcal multidrug efflux pump QacA mediates resistance to a broad spectrum of monovalent and divalent antimicrobial cations. Resistance toward various classes of these compounds identified features of the substrate that may be important for interaction with QacA. Analysis of combinations of two substrates suggested that the same mechanism is used for the extrusion of different classes of compounds.

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Grkovic, Steve, Melissa H. Brown, Maria A. Schumacher, Richard G. Brennan, and Ronald A. Skurray. "The Staphylococcal QacR Multidrug Regulator Binds a Correctly Spaced Operator as a Pair of Dimers." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 24 (2001): 7102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.24.7102-7109.2001.

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ABSTRACT Expression of the Staphylococcus aureusplasmid-encoded QacA multidrug transporter is regulated by the divergently encoded QacR repressor protein. To circumvent the formation of disulfide-bonded degradation products, site-directed mutagenesis to replace the two cysteine residues in wild-type QacR was undertaken. Analysis of a resultant cysteineless QacR derivative indicated that it retained full DNA-binding activities in vivo and in vitro and continued to be fully proficient for the mediation of induction ofqacA expression in response to a range of structurally dissimilar multidrug tra

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Xia, Yue Hua, and Yue Guang Li. "An Improved Quantum Ant Colony Algorithm of Solving Nonlinear Equation Groups." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1363.

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In this paper, according to the characteristics of nonlinear equations. A new algorithm, Quantum Ant Colony Algorithm (QACA) is proposed. The core is that Q-bit and quantum rotation gate adopted in QEA are introduced into ACS to represent and update the pheromone respectively, so it has better diversity and global search capacity. The experimental result demonstrates that QACA can get better solutions to nonlinear equations.

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Kupferwasser, Leon Iri, Ronald A. Skurray, Melissa H. Brown, Neville Firth, Michael R. Yeaman, and Arnold S. Bayer. "Plasmid-Mediated Resistance to Thrombin-Induced Platelet Microbicidal Protein in Staphylococci: Role of theqacA Locus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 10 (1999): 2395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.10.2395.

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ABSTRACT Thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein 1 (tPMP-1) is a small, cationic peptide released from rabbit platelets following thrombin stimulation. In vitro resistance to this peptide among strains of Staphylococcus aureus correlates with the survival advantage of such strains at sites of endothelial damage in humans as well as in experimental endovascular infections. The mechanisms involved in the phenotypic resistance of S. aureus to tPMP-1 are not fully delineated. The plasmid-encoded staphylococcal gene qacA mediates multidrug resistance to multiple organic cations via a proton

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Grkovic, Steve, Melissa H. Brown, Natalie J. Roberts, Ian T. Paulsen, and Ronald A. Skurray. "QacR Is a Repressor Protein That Regulates Expression of theStaphylococcus aureusMultidrug Efflux Pump QacA." Journal of Biological Chemistry 273, no. 29 (1998): 18665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.29.18665.

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Gahongayire, Solange, Adamu Almustapha Aliero, Charles Drago Kato, and Alice Namatovu. "Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2020 (August 12, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1470915.

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Bacterial infections are on a rise with causal-resistant strains increasing the economic burden to both patients and healthcare providers. Salons are recently reported as one of the sources for transmission of such resistant bacterial strains. The current study aimed at the identification of the prevalent bacteria and characterization of quaternary ammonium compound (qac) genes from disinfectant-resistant S. aureus isolated from salon tools in Ishaka town, Bushenyi District of Uganda. A total of 125 swabs were collected from different salon tools (combs, brushes, scissors, clippers, and shavin

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Allaion, Josisleine Recalde, Karina Ghougassian Barrionuevo, Maria Jose Grande Burgos, Antonio Gálvez, and Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco. "Staphylococcus aureus from Minas Artisanal Cheeses: Biocide Tolerance, Antibiotic Resistance and Enterotoxin Genes." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031019.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a common contaminant in artisanal raw-milk cheeses. Tolerance of S. aureus to biocides is a threat to disinfection in the cheese production environment, while antibiotic resistance and enterotoxin production are additional health concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of S. aureus isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses to the biocides benzalkonium chloride, hexadecylpyridinium chloride, cetrimide, triclosan, hexachlorophene, and chlorhexidine, and the simultaneous occurrence of genes coding for antibiotic resistance (mecA, aacA-aphD, and tetK), efflux pump

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JIA, Bei, Ting-quan ZHOU, Ai-long HUANG, and Wen-xiang HUANG. "Role of TMS5: staphylococcal multidrug-efflux protein QacA." Chinese Medical Journal 121, no. 5 (2008): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00029330-200803010-00008.

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Mitchell, Bernadette A., Ian T. Paulsen, Melissa H. Brown, and Ronald A. Skurray. "Bioenergetics of the Staphylococcal Multidrug Export Protein QacA." Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, no. 6 (1999): 3541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.6.3541.

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ZHANG, M., M. O'DONONGHUE, and M. V. BOOST. "Characterization of staphylococci contaminating automated teller machines in Hong Kong." Epidemiology and Infection 140, no. 8 (2011): 1366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881100207x.

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SUMMARYEnvironmental staphylococcal contamination was investigated by culture of 400 automated teller machines (ATMs). Isolates were characterized for antibiotic and antiseptic susceptibility, carriage of antiseptic resistance genes (QAC genes), and spa types. MRSA, which was similar to local clinical isolates, was present on two (0·5%) of the 62 (15·5%) ATMs that yielded Staphylococcus aureus. QAC genes were more common in coagulase-negative staphylococci (qacA/B 26·0%, smr 14%) than S. aureus (11·3% qacA/B, 1·6% smr). QAC-positive isolates had significantly higher minimum inhibitory concentr

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Hrovat, Katja, Jerneja Čremožnik Zupančič, Katja Seme, and Jerneja Ambrožič Avguštin. "QAC Resistance Genes in ESBL-Producing E. coli Isolated from Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in the Central Slovenia Region—A 21-Year Survey." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 5 (2023): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8050273.

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Biocidal products prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), which is one of the most alarming health problems worldwide. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are surface-active agents that interact with the cytoplasmic membrane and are widely used in hospitals and food processing environments. A collection of 577 ESBL-EC, isolated from lower respiratory tract (LRT) samples, was screened for QAC resistance genes oqxA; oqxB; qacEΔ1; qacE; qacF/H/I; qacG; sugE (p); emrE; mdfA; sugE (c); ydgE; ydgF; and for class

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Johnson, Ryan C., Carey D. Schlett, Katrina Crawford, Jeffrey B. Lanier, D. Scott Merrell, and Michael W. Ellis. "Recurrent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Cutaneous Abscesses and Selection of Reduced Chlorhexidine Susceptibility during Chlorhexidine Use." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 11 (2015): 3677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01771-15.

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We describe the selection of reduced chlorhexidine susceptibility during chlorhexidine use in a patient with two episodes of cutaneous USA300 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusabscess. The second clinical isolate harbors a novel plasmid that encodes the QacA efflux pump. Greater use of chlorhexidine for disease prevention warrants surveillance for resistance.

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Yuanping Li, Ling Feng, and Tharam Dillon. "QACA: Quality Assured Context Acquisition in Context-Aware Computing." Journal of Convergence Information Technology 6, no. 1 (2011): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol6.issue1.12.

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Hassan, Karl A., Ronald A. Skurray, and Melissa H. Brown. "Transmembrane Helix 12 of the Staphylococcus aureus Multidrug Transporter QacA Lines the Bivalent Cationic Drug Binding Pocket." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 24 (2007): 9131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01492-07.

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ABSTRACT An acidic residue in transmembrane segment (TMS) 10 is important for recognition of bivalent cationic substrates by the QacA multidrug transporter. Remarkably, an acidic residue in TMS 12 compensated for the absence of such a residue in TMS 10, suggesting that TMS 12 is a component of the bivalent cation-binding region.

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Xia, Guoqing, Zhiwei Han, Bo Zhao, Caiyun Liu, and Xinwei Wang. "Global Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vehicle Based on Improved Quantum Ant Colony Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2902170.

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As a tool to monitor marine environments and to perform dangerous tasks instead of manned vessels, unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) have extensive applications. Because most path planning algorithms have difficulty meeting the mission requirements of USVs, the purpose of this study was to plan a global path with multiple objectives, such as path length, energy consumption, path smoothness, and path safety, for USV in marine environments. A global path planning algorithm based on an improved quantum ant colony algorithm (IQACA) is proposed. The improved quantum ant colony algorithm is an algori

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Paulsen, I. T., M. H. Brown, T. G. Littlejohn, B. A. Mitchell, and R. A. Skurray. "Multidrug resistance proteins QacA and QacB from Staphylococcus aureus: membrane topology and identification of residues involved in substrate specificity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, no. 8 (1996): 3630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.8.3630.

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JIA, Bei, Ting-quan ZHOU, Ai-long HUANG, and Wen-xiang HUANG. "Retraction: Role of helix 5: staphylococcal multidrug efflux protein QacA." Chinese Medical Journal 124, no. 23 (2011): 4104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00029330-201112010-00050.

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Correa, J. E., A. De Paulis, S. Predari, D. O. Sordelli, and P. E. Jeric. "First report of qacG, qacH and qacJ genes in Staphylococcus haemolyticus human clinical isolates." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 62, no. 5 (2008): 956–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn327.

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Betchen, Melanie, Holly M. Giovinco, Michael Curry, et al. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Hospital Antiseptics on Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Understanding the Relationship between Microbicide and Antibiotic Resistance." Antibiotics 11, no. 5 (2022): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050614.

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Acinetobacter baumannii hospital infections are difficult to treat due to the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. In addition, A. baumannii can survive in numerous adverse environments, including in the presence of common hospital antiseptics. We hypothesized that in addition to accumulating drug resistance determinants, MDR A. baumannii strains also accumulate mutations that allow for greater microbicide tolerance when compared to pan-susceptible (PS) strains. To test this hypothesis, we compared the survival of five MDR and five PS patient isolates when exposed to bleach, e

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Abd El-Aziz, Norhan K., Ahmed M. Ammar, Hend M. El Damaty, et al. "Environmental Streptococcus uberis Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Virulence Traits, Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance, and Epidemiological Typing." Animals 11, no. 7 (2021): 1849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071849.

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Mastitis remains a serious problem for dairy animals. The misappropriation of antimicrobial agents helps accelerate resistance, which poses a serious challenge in controlling environmental S. uberis infection. Here, we study the virulence attributes, antimicrobial and biocide resistance, and epidemiological typing of S. uberis recovered from bovine clinical mastitis in dairy farms of diverse hygienic interventions in Egypt. The overall S. uberis infection rate was 20.59%; all were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The sua gene was the most frequent virulence gene (42.02%), followed by pauA (40.57%),

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Hassan, Karl A., Zhiqiang Xu, Ryan E. Watkins, Richard G. Brennan, Ronald A. Skurray, and Melissa H. Brown. "Optimized production and analysis of the staphylococcal multidrug efflux protein QacA." Protein Expression and Purification 64, no. 2 (2009): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2008.11.009.

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Anthonisen, I. L., M. Sunde, T. M. Steinum, M. S. Sidhu та H. Sørum. "Organization of the Antiseptic Resistance Gene qacA and Tn552-Related β-Lactamase Genes in Multidrug- Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains of Animal and Human Origins". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, № 11 (2002): 3606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.11.3606-3612.2002.

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ABSTRACT A part (12 kb) of a plasmid containing the β-lactamase genes of Tn552, the disinfectant resistance gene qacA, and flanking DNA has been cloned from a Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolate and sequenced. This region was used to map the corresponding regions in six other multiresistant S. haemolyticus isolates of human and animal origin. The organizations of the genetic structures were almost identical in all isolates studied. The β-lactamase and qacA genes from S. haemolyticus have >99.9% identities at the nucleotide level with the same genes from S. aureus, demonstrating that various

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Ho, Cheng-Mao, Chi-Yuan Li, Mao-Wang Ho, Chien-Yu Lin, Shu-Hui Liu, and Jang-Jih Lu. "High Rate ofqacA- andqacB-Positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Chlorhexidine-Impregnated Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 11 (2012): 5693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00761-12.

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ABSTRACTChlorhexidine has been widely used for infection control. Although the use of chlorhexidine-impregnated catheters has reduced catheter-related infections, chlorhexidine-resistantStaphylococcus aureushas emerged. The correlation between the existence of the chlorhexidine-resistant genesqacAandqacB(qacA/B) in methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolates and the effectiveness of chlorhexidine-impregnated catheters in the prevention of MRSA infections is unknown. Sixty methicillin-sensitiveStaphylococcus aureus(MSSA) and 96 MRSA isolates from the blood cultures of different pa

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HORNER, C., L. UTSI, L. COOLE, and M. DENTON. "Epidemiology and microbiological characterization of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in a single healthcare region of the UK, 2015." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 2 (2016): 386–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816002387.

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SUMMARYWe investigated the epidemiology and characterization of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus within the Yorkshire and Humber (YH) region in the UK. In July 2015, each laboratory within YH (n = 14) was assigned two consecutive days during which all clinical isolates of S. aureus were collected. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibilities and the presence of genes encoding methicillin resistance (mecA and mecC), Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (lukS-PV), and efflux-mediated chlorhexidine resistance (qacA); isolates were also characterized by spa-types. Minimum inhibitory concentr

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46

Ye, H. F., M. Zhang, M. O’Donoghue, and M. Boost. "Are qacG, qacH and qacJ genes transferring from food isolates to carriage isolates of staphylococci?" Journal of Hospital Infection 80, no. 1 (2012): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2011.08.024.

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Bardasheva, Alevtina, Artem Tikunov, Yuliya Kozlova, et al. "Antibiotic Resistance and Pathogenomics of Staphylococci Circulating in Novosibirsk, Russia." Microorganisms 9, no. 12 (2021): 2487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122487.

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A total of 394 strains of staphylococci found in humans and pets in Novosibirsk, Siberian Russia, were characterized in terms of antibiotic resistance and corresponding genes. Two coagulase-positive and 17 coagulase-negative species were identified. The majority of isolates, with the exception of S. haemolyticus and hospital S. epidermidis isolates, were sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics, and isolates from pets displayed the lowest level of resistance. Nevertheless, methicillin-resistant (MRS) and/or multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were found in all prevailed species, including co

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Bonsaglia, Erika C. R., Gustavo H. Calvo, Daniel O. Sordelli, et al. "The Impact of Low-Level Benzalkonium Chloride Exposure on Staphylococcus spp. Strains and Control by Photoinactivation." Antibiotics 12, no. 8 (2023): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081244.

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Exposure of bacteria to low concentrations of biocides can facilitate horizontal gene transfer, which may lead to bacterial adaptive responses and resistance to antimicrobial agents. The emergence of antibacterial resistance not only poses a significant concern to the dairy industry but also adds to the complexity and cost of mastitis treatment. This study was aimed to evaluate how selective stress induced by benzalkonium chloride (BC) promotes antibiotic non-susceptibility in Staphylococcus spp. In addition, we investigated the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) in both resistant and

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Cheng, J., K. Baldwin, A. A. Guffanti, and T. A. Krulwich. "Na+/H+ antiport activity conferred by Bacillus subtilis tetA(L), a 5' truncation product of tetA(L), and related plasmid genes upon Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 4 (1996): 852–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.4.852.

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An Escherichia coli transformant expressing the Bacillus subtilis tetA(L) gene from a weak promoter was challenged by growth on medium with low, increasing tetracycline concentrations. Changes in the substrate preference ratios of the TetA(L)-mediated resistances and antiports were examined in view of recent findings suggesting that TetA(L) catalyzes efflux of Na+ in exchange for protons in addition to having the ability to catalyze metal-tetracycline/H+ antiport. After growth of the transformant on 1 microgram or more of tetracycline per ml for 12 to 15 h, the tetA(L) gene in the plasmid was

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Miyazaki, Neide H. Tokumaru, Alessandra O. Abreu, Victor A. Marin, Cleide AF Rezende, Márcia TB Moraes, and Maria Helena S. Villas Bôas. "The presence of qacA/B gene in Brazilian methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 102, no. 4 (2007): 539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02762007000400018.

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