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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Reference tissue”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 2 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Ong, Oselyne T. W., Lauren J. Young, and Julie M. Old. "Evaluation of reference genes for gene expression in red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura) liver, lung, small intestine and spleen." PeerJ 4 (October 13, 2016): e2552. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2552.

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BackgroundReference genes serve an important role as an endogenous control/standard for data normalisation in gene expression studies. Although reference genes have recently been suggested for marsupials, independent analysis of reference genes on different immune tissues is yet to be tested. Therefore, an assessment of reference genes is needed for the selection of stable, expressed genes across different marsupial tissues.MethodsThe study was conducted on red-tailed phascogales (Phascogale calura) using five juvenile and five adult males. The stability of five reference genes (glyceraldehyde

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Zheng, Yangyi, Yao Ma, Jianning Luo, et al. "Identification and Analysis of Reference and Tissue-Specific Genes in Bitter Gourd Based on Transcriptome Data." Horticulturae 9, no. 12 (2023): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121262.

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Accurate and standardized quantification of reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) results relies on the use of a dependable reference gene. The precise control of transgene expression in terms of both spatial and temporal aspects necessitates the utilization of tissue-specific gene promoters. However, the identification of stable reference genes across various tissues, particularly in fruits at different ripening stages, as well as tissue-specific genes in bitter gourds, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we employed RNA-Seq-based transcriptome datasets obtained from nine tissues to comp

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Zuba, Iga, and Halina Polkowska-Motrenko. "Ratio primary reference measurement procedure (RPRMP) for the certification of chromium content in biological reference materials." Radiochimica Acta 107, no. 2 (2019): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2018-2993.

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Abstract Primary reference measurement procedure for Cr determination in biological samples by radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) has been elaborated. The procedure is based on quantitative and selective separation of chromium from neutron irradiated sample by column chromatography using MnO2-Resin and determination of 51Cr by γ-ray spectrometry. Quality components have been incorporated into the RNAA method which makes it possible to meet the requirements of the definition of ratio primary reference measurement procedure. The usefulness of the elaborated procedure to assign the

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4

Yaqub, Maqsood, Berckel Bart NM van, Alie Schuitemakers, et al. "Optimization of supervised cluster analysis for extracting reference tissue input curves in (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 brain PET studies." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 32, no. 8 (2012): 1600–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2012.59.

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Performance of two supervised cluster analysis (SVCA) algorithms for extracting reference tissue curves was evaluated to improve quantification of dynamic (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 brain positron emission tomography (PET) studies. Reference tissues were extracted from images using both a manually defined cerebellum and SVCA algorithms based on either four (SVCA4) or six (SVCA6) kinetic classes. Data from controls, mild cognitive impairment patients, and patients with Alzheimer's disease were analyzed using various kinetic models including plasma input, the simplified reference tissue model (RPM)

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5

Xue, Miaomiao, Haibo Wen, Pao Xu, et al. "Validation and Functional Analysis of Reference and Tissue-Specific Genes in Adipose Tissue of Freshwater Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens, under Starvation and Hypothermia Stress." Cells 12, no. 9 (2023): 1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091328.

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Adipose tissue is critical to the growth, development, and physiological health of animals. Reference genes play an essential role in normalizing the expression of mRNAs. Tissue-specific genes are preferred for their function and expression in specific tissues or cell types. Identification of these genes contributes to understanding the tissue–gene relationship and the etiology and discovery of new tissue-specific targets. Therefore, reference genes and tissue-specific genes in the adipose tissue of Aplodinotus grunniens were identified to explore their function under exogenous starvation (1 d

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6

Chen, Xiatian, Yujie Yu, Tao Gao, Zhifei Liu, Shuaiyu Chen, and Yudong Jia. "Determination of Stable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Analysis in Black Rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) Under Hypoxia Stress." Genes 16, no. 1 (2024): 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16010009.

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Background: Hypoxia triggers stress, leading to significant alterations in gene expression patterns, which in turn affect fish’s growth and development. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a pivotal technique for assessing changes in gene expression. However, its accuracy is highly contingent upon the stable expression of reference genes. Ribosomal RNA (18s), β-actin (actb), elongation factor 1-α (ef1a), α tubulin (tuba), and ribosomal protein L17 (rpl17) are the widely used reference genes, but their expression stability in the tissues of black rockfish under hypoxic conditions remains un

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7

Okamoto, Kensaku, and Keiichiro Fuwa. "Mussel tissue powder, a certified reference material." Analyst 110, no. 7 (1985): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9851000785.

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Paredes, L., J. Azorín, M. Balcázar, and J. L. François. "Neutron kerma coefficient: Reference tissue for tumours." Radiation Measurements 45, no. 10 (2010): 1445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2010.05.024.

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9

Yaqub, Maqsood, Bart NM van Berckel, Alie Schuitemaker, et al. "Optimization of Supervised Cluster Analysis for Extracting Reference Tissue Input Curves in (R)-[11C]PK11195 Brain PET Studies." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 32, no. 8 (2012): 1600–1608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2012.59.

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Performance of two supervised cluster analysis (SVCA) algorithms for extracting reference tissue curves was evaluated to improve quantification of dynamic (R)-[11C]PK11195 brain positron emission tomography (PET) studies. Reference tissues were extracted from images using both a manually defined cerebellum and SVCA algorithms based on either four (SVCA4) or six (SVCA6) kinetic classes. Data from controls, mild cognitive impairment patients, and patients with Alzheimer's disease were analyzed using various kinetic models including plasma input, the simplified reference tissue model (RPM) and RP

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10

Ma, Long, Ting Jiang, Xiangya Liu, Haijun Xiao, Yingchuan Peng, and Wanna Zhang. "Evaluation of candidate reference genes for gene expression analysis in the brassica leaf beetle, Phaedon brassicae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0251920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251920.

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The brassica leaf beetle Phaedon brassicae is a notorious defoliator of cruciferous vegetables. However, few molecular studies of this pest have been conducted due to limited sequence data. Recently, RNA sequencing has offered a powerful platform to generate numerous transcriptomic data, which require RT-qPCR to validate target gene expression. The selection of reliable reference genes to normalize RT-qPCR data is a prerequisite for gene expression analysis. In the present study, the expression stabilities of eight candidate reference genes under biotic conditions (development stages and vario

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11

Young, Alexander P., Carmen F. Landry, Daniel J. Jackson, and Russell C. Wyeth. "Tissue-specific evaluation of suitable reference genes for RT-qPCR in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis." PeerJ 7 (October 15, 2019): e7888. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7888.

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Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a robust technique for the quantification and comparison of gene expression. To obtain reliable results with this method, one or more reference genes must be employed to normalize expression measurements among treatments or tissue samples. Candidate reference genes must be validated to ensure that they are stable prior to use in qPCR experiments. The pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) is a common research organism, particularly in the areas of learning and memory, and is an emerging model for the study of biological asymmetry, biomineralization,

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12

Eleveld, Nick, Diana C. Esquivel-Franco, Gea Drost, et al. "The Influence of Extracerebral Tissue on Continuous Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Adults: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 8 (2023): 2776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082776.

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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique for measuring regional tissue haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and oxygen saturation (rSO2). It may be used to monitor cerebral perfusion and oxygenation in patients at risk of cerebral ischemia or hypoxia, for example, during cardiothoracic or carotid surgery. However, extracerebral tissue (mainly scalp and skull tissue) influences NIRS measurements, and the extent of this influence is not clear. Thus, before more widespread use of NIRS as an intraoperative monitoring modality is warranted, this issue needs to be better understood.

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Brumbaugh, William G., and Michael J. Walther. "Improved Selenium Recovery from Tissue with Modified Sample Decomposition." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 3 (1991): 570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.3.570.

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Abstract The present paper describes a simple modification of a recently reported decomposition method for determination of selenium In biological tissue by hydride generation atomic absorption. The modified method yielded slightly higher selenium recoveries (3-4%) for selected reference tissues and fish tissue spiked with selenomethionine. Radiotracer experiments indicated that the addition of a small volume of hydrochloric acid to the wet digestate mixture reduced slight losses of selenium as the sample initially went to dryness before ashing. With the modified method, selenium spiked as sel

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14

Guo, Chaohui, Zihao Zhang, Meina Zhang, et al. "Screening and Stability Analysis of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization in Hybrid Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ♀ × Pelteobagrus vachelli ♂) Fed Diets Containing Different Soybean Meal Levels." Aquaculture Nutrition 2023 (September 22, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1232518.

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In this study, we screened the expression stability of six reference genes (18S rRNA, β-actin, GAPDH, EF1a, B2M, and HPRT1) in hybrid yellow catfish (n = 6), considering the SBM levels, sampling time points, and different tissues. Four different statistical programs, BestKeeper, NormFinder, Genorm, and Delta Ct, combined with a method that comprehensively considered all results, were used to evaluate the expression stability of these reference genes systematically. The results showed that SBM levels significantly impacted the expression stability of most of the reference genes studied and that

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15

Bhattacharya, Arjun, Alina M. Hamilton, Melissa A. Troester, and Michael I. Love. "DeCompress: tissue compartment deconvolution of targeted mRNA expression panels using compressed sensing." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 8 (2021): e48-e48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab031.

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Abstract Targeted mRNA expression panels, measuring up to 800 genes, are used in academic and clinical settings due to low cost and high sensitivity for archived samples. Most samples assayed on targeted panels originate from bulk tissue comprised of many cell types, and cell-type heterogeneity confounds biological signals. Reference-free methods are used when cell-type-specific expression references are unavailable, but limited feature spaces render implementation challenging in targeted panels. Here, we present DeCompress, a semi-reference-free deconvolution method for targeted panels. DeCom

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16

Brito, A. B., J. S. Lima, D. C. Brito, et al. "Validation of reference genes for ovarian tissue from capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella)." Zygote 21, no. 2 (2012): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199411000748.

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SummaryThere is no tradition in studies reporting the effect of exposure to cryoprotectants or simply hypoxia and hypothermia on gene expression in the ovarian tissue and there has been only one study on reference or target genes quantification, and comparisons of normoxic with hypoxic, hypothermic and toxic conditions. Our aim in the present study was to investigate the stability of three reference genes in the ovarian tissue of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). To this end, fresh and cryoprotectant-exposed ovarian biopsies were used. Both fresh and exposed ovarian tissues were subjected to to

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Nesvadbová, M., and A. Knoll. "Evaluation of reference genes for gene expression studies in pig muscle tissue by real-time PCR." Czech Journal of Animal Science 56, No. 5 (2011): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1428-cjas.

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The selection of reference genes is essential for gene expression studies when using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Reference gene selection should be performed for each experiment because the gene expression level may be changed in different experimental conditions. In this study, the stability of mRNA expression was determined for seven genes: HPRT1, RPS18, NACA, TBP, TAF4B, RPL32 and OAZ1. The stability of these reference genes was investigated in the skeletal muscle tissue of pig foetuses, piglets and adult pigs using real-time quantitative PCR and SYBR green che

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Wang, Linjie, Xingyue Chen, Tianzeng Song, et al. "Using RNA-Seq to Identify Reference Genes of the Transition from Brown to White Adipose Tissue in Goats." Animals 10, no. 9 (2020): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091626.

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Brown adipose tissues have unique non-shivering thermogenesis functions, can be found in newborn ruminate animals, and then are gradually replaced by white adipose tissues in adulthood. For the purpose of exploring the intrinsic mechanism underlying the conversion process from brown (BAT) to white adipose tissue (WAT), it is necessary to utilize Quantitative PCR (qPCR) to study gene expression profiling. In this study, we identified reference genes that were consistently expressed during the transformation from goat BAT to WAT using RNA-seq data. Then, twelve genes were evaluated as candidate

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Crooks, S. R. H., W. J. Mccaughey, C. T. Elliott, J. D. Mcevoy, and S. A. Hewitt. "The production of pig tissue sulphadimidine reference material." Food Additives and Contaminants 13, no. 2 (1996): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652039609374399.

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Lammertsma, Adriaan A., and Susan P. Hume. "Simplified Reference Tissue Model for PET Receptor Studies." NeuroImage 4, no. 3 (1996): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/nimg.1996.0066.

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Hurschler, Christof, Paolo P. Provenzano, and Ray Vanderby,. "Application of a Probabilistic Microstructural Model to Determine Reference Length and Toe-to-Linear Region Transition in Fibrous Connective Tissue." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 125, no. 3 (2003): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1579046.

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This study shows how a probabilistic microstructural model for fibrous connective tissue behavior can be used to objectively describe soft tissue low-load behavior. More specifically, methods to determine tissue reference length and the transition from the strain-stiffening “toe-region” to the more linear region of the stress-strain curve of fibrous connective tissues are presented. According to a microstructural model for uniaxially loaded collagenous tissues, increasingly more fibers are recruited and bear load with increased tissue elongation. Fiber recruitment is represented statistically

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Liu, Xin, Yingbo Gao, Xinyi Zhao, et al. "Validation of Novel Reference Genes in Different Rice Plant Tissues through Mining RNA-Seq Datasets." Plants 12, no. 23 (2023): 3946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12233946.

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Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is arguably the most prevalent and accurate quantitative gene expression analysis. However, selection of reliable reference genes for RT-qPCR in rice (Oryza sativa) is still limited, especially for a specific tissue type or growth condition. In this study, we took the advantage of our RNA-seq datasets encompassing data from five rice varieties with diverse treatment conditions, identified 12 novel candidate reference genes, and conducted rigorous evaluations of their suitability across typical rice tissues. Comprehensive analysis of th

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Zhang, X. D., Y. Zhang, X. Liu, et al. "132 REFERENCE GENE SCREENING FOR ANALYZING GENE EXPRESSION ACROSS FEMALE GOAT TISSUE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 26, no. 1 (2014): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv26n1ab132.

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Quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) is an important method for investigating changes in mRNA expression levels in cells and tissues. Selection of the proper reference genes is very important when calibrating the results of RT-qPCR. Studies on the selection of reference genes in goat tissues are limited, despite the economic importance of their meat and dairy products. We applied absolute quantification using the standard curve method to the detection of the expression levels of 8 reference gene candidates (18S, TBP, YWHAZ, HMBS, ACTB, HPRT1, GAPDH, and EEF1A2) in 10 different tissue types (heart, li

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Klumpers, Ursula MH, Dick J. Veltman, Ronald Boellaard, et al. "Comparison of Plasma Input and Reference Tissue Models for Analysing [11C]flumazenil Studies." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 28, no. 3 (2007): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600554.

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A single-tissue compartment model with plasma input is the established method for analysing [11C]flumazenil ([11C]FMZ) studies. However, arterial cannulation and measurement of metabolites are time-consuming. Therefore, a reference tissue approach is appealing, but this approach has not been fully validated for [11C]FMZ. Dynamic [11C]FMZ positron emission tomography scans with arterial blood sampling were performed in nine drug-free depressive patients and eight healthy subjects. Regions of interest were defined on co-registered magnetic resonance imaging scans and projected onto dynamic [11C]

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Tang, Jing, Enjiao Li, Jiexia Liu, et al. "Selection of Reliable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization in Sagittaria trifolia." Genes 14, no. 7 (2023): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14071321.

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Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a method with high sensitivity and convenience that has been extensively used to analyze the expression level of target genes. A reference gene with a highly stable expression is required to ensure the accuracy of experimental results. However, the report on appropriate reference genes in arrowheads (Sagittaria trifolia) is still limited. In this study, eight candidate reference genes (ACT5, UBQ, GAPDH, CYP, NAC, IDH, SLEEPER and PLA) were selected. The candidate genes were employed in a RT-qPCR assay in different tissues at different developmental stage

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Pei, Guangsheng, Yulin Dai, Zhongming Zhao, and Peilin Jia. "deTS: tissue-specific enrichment analysis to decode tissue specificity." Bioinformatics 35, no. 19 (2019): 3842–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz138.

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Abstract Motivation Diseases and traits are under dynamic tissue-specific regulation. However, heterogeneous tissues are often collected in biomedical studies, which reduce the power in the identification of disease-associated variants and gene expression profiles. Results We present deTS, an R package, to conduct tissue-specific enrichment analysis with two built-in reference panels. Statistical methods are developed and implemented for detecting tissue-specific genes and for enrichment test of different forms of query data. Our applications using multi-trait genome-wide association studies d

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Troeltzsch, Daniel, Stefan Markus Niehues, Tabea Fluegge, et al. "The diagnostic performance of perfusion CT in the detection of local tumor recurrence in head and neck cancer." Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 76, no. 2 (2020): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ch-209209.

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BACKGROUND: Detecting local tumor recurrence from post-treatment changes in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains a challenge. Based on the hypothesis that post-therapeutically altered tissue is bradytroph, lower perfusion values are expected in perfusion CT (PCT) while higher perfusion values are expected in recurrent malignant tissue. OBJECTIVES: This prospective study investigates PCT for post-treatment recurrent HNC detection with a maximum slope algorithm. METHODS: A total of 80 patients who received PCT of the head and neck for post-therapy follow-up, of which 63 had no tumor recurrence and

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Lee, Sang-Yun, Yong-Ho Choe, Jang-Ho Han, et al. "HPRT1 Most Suitable Reference Gene for Accurate Normalization of mRNA Expression in Canine Dermal Tissues with Radiation Therapy." Genes 13, no. 11 (2022): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13111928.

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Reference genes are crucial in molecular biological studies as an internal control for gene re-search as they exhibit consistent expression patterns across many tissue types. In canines, radiation therapy is the most important therapeutic tool to cure various diseases like cancer. However, when using radiation for therapeutic strategy, radiation exposure to healthy tissues leads to some possible side effects such as acute radiation-induced skin injury and alters gene expression. Therefore, the analysis of a change in reference gene expression during the skin recovery process after radiation th

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Too, Issac H. K., and Maurice H. T. Ling. "Signal Peptidase Complex Subunit 1 and Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Beta Subunit Are Suitable Reference Genes in Human Lungs." ISRN Bioinformatics 2012 (December 28, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/790452.

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Lung cancer is a common cancer, and expression profiling can provide an accurate indication to advance the medical intervention. However, this requires the availability of stably expressed genes as reference. Recent studies had shown that genes that are stably expressed in a tissue may not be stably expressed in other tissues suggesting the need to identify stably expressed genes in each tissue for use as reference genes. DNA microarray analysis has been used to identify those reference genes with low fluctuation. Fourteen datasets with different lung conditions were employed in our study. Coe

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Yokoi, Kakeru, Takuya Tsubota, Akiya Jouraku, Hideki Sezutsu, and Hidemasa Bono. "Reference Transcriptome Data in Silkworm Bombyx mori." Insects 12, no. 6 (2021): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12060519.

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Herein, we performed RNA-seq analysis of ten major tissues/subparts of silkworm larvae. The sequences were mapped onto the reference genome assembly and the reference transcriptome data were successfully constructed. The reference data provided a nearly complete sequence for sericin-1, a major silk gene with a complex structure. We also markedly improved the gene model for other genes. The transcriptomic expression was investigated in each tissue and a number of transcripts were identified that were exclusively expressed in tissues such as the testis. Transcripts strongly expressed in the midg

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Li, Ziyi, Zhenxing Guo, Ying Cheng, Peng Jin, and Hao Wu. "Robust partial reference-free cell composition estimation from tissue expression." Bioinformatics 36, no. 11 (2020): 3431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa184.

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Abstract Motivation In the analysis of high-throughput omics data from tissue samples, estimating and accounting for cell composition have been recognized as important steps. High cost, intensive labor requirements and technical limitations hinder the cell composition quantification using cell-sorting or single-cell technologies. Computational methods for cell composition estimation are available, but they are either limited by the availability of a reference panel or suffer from low accuracy. Results We introduce TOols for the Analysis of heterogeneouS Tissues TOAST/-P and TOAST/+P, two parti

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Nasar, Mustafa, Donald J. Ferguson, Johnny Joung-Lin Liaw, Laith Makki, and Nikhilesh R. Vaid. "What is the best soft-tissue reference plane to quantify lip change in bimaxillary protrusion cases? A retrospective cohort study." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 10 (September 18, 2020): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/apos_136_2020.

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Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the validity of five soft-tissue profile planes to actual horizontal lower lip changes following treatment of severe bimaxillary protrusion patients with vertical maxillary excess using extra-alveolar miniscrews. The null hypothesis was no differences in the incremental changes of horizontal lower lip changes from pre-treatment to post-treatment of the five methods compared to actual changes. Materials and Methods: Seventy adults were treated orthodontically with extractions for bimaxillary protrusion and “gummy” smile using extra-alveolar

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Rodríguez-Parra, Alba, Jesús Picazo-Aragonés, and Francisco Balao. "Evaluation of Reference Genes in the Polyploid Complex Dianthus broteri (Caryophyllaceae) Using qPCR." Plants 11, no. 4 (2022): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040518.

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Dianthus broteri is an endemic complex which is considered the largest polyploid series within the Dianthus genus. This polyploid species involves four cytotypes (2×, 4×, 6× and 12×) with spatial and ecological segregation. The study of gene expression in polyploid species must be very rigorous because of the effects of duplications on gene regulation. In these cases, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the most appropriate technique for determining the gene expression profile because of its high sensitivity. The relative quantification strategy using qPCR requires genes with stable

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Song, Chen, Evan Janzen, Tessa Devoe, et al. "Abstract 7045: RNA sequencing approaches enable tissue specific B and T cell gene expression and immune repertoire profiling." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 7045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7045.

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Abstract The adaptive immune system defends the human body from pathogens through the recognition ability of antigen receptors from B and T cells. Different organs play various immune function roles, and therefore present varied B and T cell gene expression and immune repertoire profiles. Abnormality of these profiles may reflect immunological disorder, presence of neoplastic tissue, or response to infectious agent. High-throughput sequencing technology has facilitated the understanding of gene expression and related cell functions, but in-depth understanding of B and T cell phenotype and clon

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Kasprzyk, Paula, Paweł M. Wróbel, Joanna Dudała, et al. "Elemental Composition of Skeletal Muscle Fibres Studied with Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence (SR-XRF)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 14 (2022): 7931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147931.

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Diseases of the muscle tissue, particularly those disorders which result from the pathology of individual muscle cells, are often called myopathies. The diversity of the content of individual cells is of interest with regard to their role in both biochemical mechanisms and the structure of muscle tissue itself. These studies focus on the preliminary analysis of the differences that may occur between diseased tissues and tissues that have been recognised as a reference group. To do so, 13 samples of biopsied human muscle tissues were studied: 3 diagnosed as dystrophies, 6 as (non-dystrophic) my

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Stewart, Calum, Timothy A. Liddle, and Tyler J. Stevenson. "Abundance, efficiency, and stability of reference transcript expression in a seasonal rodent: The Siberian hamster." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (2022): e0275263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275263.

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Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a common molecular tool to analyse the expression of transcripts in non-traditional animal models. Most animals experience tissue-specific seasonal changes in cell structure, growth, and cellular function. As a consequence, the choice of reference or ‘house-keeping’ genes is essential to standardize expression levels of target transcripts of interest for qPCR analyses. This study aimed to determine the abundance, efficiency and stability of several reference genes commonly used for normalisation of qPCR analyses in a model of seasonal biology: the Siberian hamster (P

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Hill, Kate, Aswegen Sunet Van, M. Corrie Schoeman, et al. "Foraging at wastewater treatment works affects brown adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in banana bats." Biology Open 5, no. 2 (2016): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13453020.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study we tested the hypothesis that the decrease in habitat quality at wastewater treatment works (WWTW), such as limited prey diversity and exposure to the toxic cocktail of pollutants, affect fatty acid profiles of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBrAT) in bats. Further, the antioxidant capacity of oxidative tissues such as pectoral and cardiac muscle may not be adequate to protect those tissues against reactive molecules resulting from polyunsaturated fatty acid auto-oxidation in the WWTW bats. Bats were sampled at two urban WWT

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Hill, Kate, Aswegen Sunet Van, M. Corrie Schoeman, et al. "Foraging at wastewater treatment works affects brown adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in banana bats." Biology Open 5, no. 2 (2016): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13453020.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study we tested the hypothesis that the decrease in habitat quality at wastewater treatment works (WWTW), such as limited prey diversity and exposure to the toxic cocktail of pollutants, affect fatty acid profiles of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBrAT) in bats. Further, the antioxidant capacity of oxidative tissues such as pectoral and cardiac muscle may not be adequate to protect those tissues against reactive molecules resulting from polyunsaturated fatty acid auto-oxidation in the WWTW bats. Bats were sampled at two urban WWT

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Hill, Kate, Aswegen Sunet Van, M. Corrie Schoeman, et al. "Foraging at wastewater treatment works affects brown adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in banana bats." Biology Open 5, no. 2 (2016): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13453020.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study we tested the hypothesis that the decrease in habitat quality at wastewater treatment works (WWTW), such as limited prey diversity and exposure to the toxic cocktail of pollutants, affect fatty acid profiles of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBrAT) in bats. Further, the antioxidant capacity of oxidative tissues such as pectoral and cardiac muscle may not be adequate to protect those tissues against reactive molecules resulting from polyunsaturated fatty acid auto-oxidation in the WWTW bats. Bats were sampled at two urban WWT

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Hill, Kate, Aswegen Sunet Van, M. Corrie Schoeman, et al. "Foraging at wastewater treatment works affects brown adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in banana bats." Biology Open 5, no. 2 (2016): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13453020.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study we tested the hypothesis that the decrease in habitat quality at wastewater treatment works (WWTW), such as limited prey diversity and exposure to the toxic cocktail of pollutants, affect fatty acid profiles of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBrAT) in bats. Further, the antioxidant capacity of oxidative tissues such as pectoral and cardiac muscle may not be adequate to protect those tissues against reactive molecules resulting from polyunsaturated fatty acid auto-oxidation in the WWTW bats. Bats were sampled at two urban WWT

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Hill, Kate, Aswegen Sunet Van, M. Corrie Schoeman, et al. "Foraging at wastewater treatment works affects brown adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in banana bats." Biology Open 5, no. 2 (2016): 92–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13453020.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In this study we tested the hypothesis that the decrease in habitat quality at wastewater treatment works (WWTW), such as limited prey diversity and exposure to the toxic cocktail of pollutants, affect fatty acid profiles of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBrAT) in bats. Further, the antioxidant capacity of oxidative tissues such as pectoral and cardiac muscle may not be adequate to protect those tissues against reactive molecules resulting from polyunsaturated fatty acid auto-oxidation in the WWTW bats. Bats were sampled at two urban WWT

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Fairhead, Andrew C. "ICRU Report 61: Providing reference data for tissue properties." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (1999): 1324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426203.

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Gunn, Roger N., Sylvain Houle, and Adriaan A. Lammertsma. "Investigation of Irreversible Reference Tissue Models for Parametric Imaging." NeuroImage 7, no. 4 (1998): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31893-7.

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Kidd, Mark, Boaz Nadler, Shrikant Mane, et al. "GeneChip, geNorm, and gastrointestinal tumors: novel reference genes for real-time PCR." Physiological Genomics 30, no. 3 (2007): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00251.2006.

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Accurate quantitation of target genes depends on correct normalization. Use of genes with variable tissue transcription ( GAPDH) is problematic, particularly in clinical samples, which are derived from different tissue sources. Using a large-scale gene database (Affymetrix U133A) data set of 36 gastrointestinal (GI) tumors and normal tissues, we identified 8 candidate reference genes and established expression levels by real-time RT-PCR in an independent data set ( n = 42). A geometric averaging method (geNorm) identified ALG9, TFCP2, and ZNF410 as the most robustly expressed control genes. Ex

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Hashemipetroudi, Seyyed Hamidreza, Ali Rezaei, and Markus Kuhlmann. "Validation of Reference Genes for Accurate RT-qPCR Normalization in Aeluropus littoralis Under Drought, Cold, and ABA Treatments." Agronomy 15, no. 7 (2025): 1596. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15071596.

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Halophyte plants, with genes responsive to abiotic stress, are promising candidates to enhance crop stress tolerance, but reliable RT-qPCR analysis requires the precise selection of candidate reference genes (CRGs) due to their inconsistent expression across tissues and stress conditions. In this study eight CRGs of A. littoralis, AlEF1A, AlRPS3, AlGTFC, AlRPS12, AlUBQ2, AlTUB6, AlACT7, and AlGAPDH1, were analyzed to assess their stability for the normalization of RT-qPCR data under polyethylene glycol (PEG, 20% w/v for drought simulation), abscisic acid (ABA, 100 μM), and cold stress (4 °C) t

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V. V., KRISHTAL. "THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES WITH REFERENCE TO TRANSPLANTATION: LESSONS FROM INTERNATIONAL LAW." Journal of the Belarusian State University. International relations, no. 1 (June 17, 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6848-2022-1-57-65.

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The definition of the term “human organs and tissues” is considered with reference to the transplantation of organs and tissues. We review the doctrinal approaches, provisions of international legal acts, international instruments, and national legal frameworks related to the transplantation of human organs and tissues. We conclude by proposing a definition of the terms “human organ” and “human tissue” with emphasis on the substantive aspects inherent in them.

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Viñas, Ramon, Chaitanya K. Joshi, Dobrik Georgiev, et al. "Hypergraph factorization for multi-tissue gene expression imputation." Nature Machine Intelligence 5, no. 7 (2023): 739–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42256-023-00684-8.

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AbstractIntegrating gene expression across tissues and cell types is crucial for understanding the coordinated biological mechanisms that drive disease and characterize homoeostasis. However, traditional multi-tissue integration methods either cannot handle uncollected tissues or rely on genotype information, which is often unavailable and subject to privacy concerns. Here we present HYFA (hypergraph factorization), a parameter-efficient graph representation learning approach for joint imputation of multi-tissue and cell-type gene expression. HYFA is genotype agnostic, supports a variable numb

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Steinacher, Claudia, Dietmar Rieder, Jasmin E. Turner, et al. "Validation of RNA Extraction Methods and Suitable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies in Developing Fetal Human Inner Ear Tissue." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 5 (2024): 2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052907.

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A comprehensive gene expression investigation requires high-quality RNA extraction, in sufficient amounts for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing. In this work, we compared different RNA extraction methods and evaluated different reference genes for gene expression studies in the fetal human inner ear. We compared the RNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue with fresh tissue stored at −80 °C in RNAlater solution and validated the expression stability of 12 reference genes (from gestational week 11 to 19). The RNA from fresh tissue

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Larjava, H., L. Koivisto, L. Häkkinen, and J. Heino. "Epithelial Integrins with Special Reference to Oral Epithelia." Journal of Dental Research 90, no. 12 (2011): 1367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034511402207.

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Adhesion of epithelium to the extracellular matrix is crucial for the maintenance of systemic and oral health. In the oral cavity, teeth or artificial dental implants penetrate the soft tissue of the gingiva. In this interface, gingival soft tissue needs to be well attached via the epithelial seal to the tooth or implant surface to maintain health. After injury or wounding, epithelial tissue rapidly migrates to form the initial epithelial cover to restore the barrier against infection. These events are crucially dependent on deposition of extracellular matrix and proper activation and function

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HSIAO, LI-LI, FERNANDO DANGOND, TAKUMI YOSHIDA, et al. "A compendium of gene expression in normal human tissues." Physiological Genomics 7, no. 2 (2001): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00040.2001.

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This study creates a compendium of gene expression in normal human tissues suitable as a reference for defining basic organ systems biology. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we analyze 59 samples representing 19 distinct tissue types. Of ∼7,000 genes analyzed, 451 genes are expressed in all tissue types and designated as housekeeping genes. These genes display significant variation in expression levels among tissues and are sufficient for discerning tissue-specific expression signatures, indicative of fundamental differences in biochemical processes. In addition, subsets of tissue-selective

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