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1

Gato, Shirley, and s3024038@rmit edu au. "Forecasting Urban Residential Water Demand." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070202.113452.

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The city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia has been recognised as having high quality drinking water, but like other urban cities in the world, its growing population means increasing water demand. Melbourne is also already on its eight year of dry climatic conditions and is currently experiencing a drought that forced water authorities to impose water restrictions after 20 years of unrestricted supply. The current drought, dwindling supplies and possible impact of climate change highlight the importance of making better use of this precious resource. The Water Resources Strate
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Dzisiak, Richard N. "The role of price in determining residential water demand, water pricing and residential water demand in municipalities in the Western Prairies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0005/MQ41695.pdf.

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Gardner, Kerry. "Residential water demand modelling and behavioural economics." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539372.

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Water supply-demand balances are becoming increasingly constrained around the world and in the United Kingdom. Although there has been a policy shift toward demand management policies to address this, demand modefling evidence is limited. This thesis makes qualitative, quantitative and behavioural contributions to this area. Qualitative and quantitative (meta-analytic) literature reviews are conducted. These indicate elasticity estimates are sensitive to methodological choices. Empiricafly it is identified that summer and long-run demand are more price and income responsive than their respecti
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Du, Plessis Jacobus Lodewikus. "Estimating domestic outdoor water demand for residential estates." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86695.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The outdoor water consumption of residential properties is a major contributor to the seasonal fluctuation of the overall water consumption of these properties. The estimation of the relating outdoor water demand has become valuable to property developers and planners alike. This could enable designers to optimise designs of water distribution networks and assist in water resource planning and gaining legislative approvals. For the purposes of this study the outdoor water-use components were mathematically defined and combined
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Regli, Philip Warner. "Residential demand for water in the Phoenix metropolitan area." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_160_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Boyce, Daniel J. B. "Micro-component water demand scenario modelling for catchment scale residential water use." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443748.

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AndrÃ, Diego de Maria. "Space and economic determinants of demand for residential water in fortaleza, cearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7425.

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nÃo hÃ<br>This paper aims to estimate a residential water demand function for the city of Fortaleza (CearÃ), considering the potential impact of the spatial effects on water consumption. The analysis is developed from the investigation of presence of spatial autocorrelation in residential water consumption. For this, the tools of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) were utilized. Subsequently, specific tests are performed to determine the sources of spatial autocorrelation, i.e., if the autocorrelation is caused by the spatial distribution of water consumption or by effects not modeled. I
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Urban, Graeme John. "Probabalistic load modelling of electrical demand of residential water heating." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20071.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Energy efficiency and the move to renewable energy resources are of vital importance in growing profitable and sustainable economies. In recent years, greater emphasis has been placed on institutions, companies and individuals to reduce their electrical energy demand through energy management. In an attempt to reduce the demand, the electrical power utility in South Africa, Eskom, has introduced Demand Side Management programs and substantial increases in electricity tariffs. In addition to these, tax incentives have be
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Sawangchareon, Dumrongchai. "The Analysis of the Demand for Residential Water in the City of Denton." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500727/.

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The main objective of this study is to analyze the demand for water in Denton. The data used for the study are obtained from the City of Denton Utilities Department, the Tax Appraisal District and government documents. The 121 households which have perfect ten years historical data of water consumption were selected to be the representatives of all households in Denton. The study reveals that the change in water consumption significantly relates to the change in marginal price. Furthermore, the weather variables also have strong effects on the water consumption, especially during summer. The c
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Sadek, Eran Sadek Said Md. "Modellng residential water demand in Leeds using microsimulation incorporating behavioural data." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581978.

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With an increasing world population and changing lifestyles, there is a relentless demand for water including for domestic water supplies. In order to manage water demand better, the amount of water used for domestic purposes must be estimated. A number of methods exist such as the micro-components method, which is recommended by the UK Environment Agency. Microsimulation of synthetic households is also used for demand estimation, which is an area of research that has a tradition in the School of Geography, University of Leeds. This research project follows in this tradition but extends the wo
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Nguyen, Khoi Anh. "Development of an Autonomous and Intelligent System for Residential Water End-Use Classification." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366417.

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The strong emphasis on ensuring a secure water supply for the population of Australia has been brought to light by the increasing frequency, severity and duration of drought events throughout the nation. This has forced State and Local government to implement alternative water supply strategies. These measures include water restrictions, campaigns to lower water consumption, and construction of new infrastructure including pipelines, improvements to stormwater and wastewater management, and desalination plants. In the urban water planning and management industry, these initiatives are relied u
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Wattanakuljarus, Voravit. "Estimating Residential Water Demand: a Case of Multiple-Part Tariff for Denton, Texas." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500792/.

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This paper analyzes the demand for water in case of a multiple-part tariff in Denton, Texas. The model used is developed from Billing & Agthe's model by using the following variables: marginal price, difference variable, tax assessed value, lot size, house size, temperature and rainfall.. The results indicate that temperature has the greatest effect on water demand, since this area is considered to be a very warm area. Also, marginal price seems to have a strong effect on water consumption indicating that customer is well-informed to a change in rate schedule. This test supports the original i
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Hasan, Mehedi. "Aggregator-Assisted Residential Participation in Demand Response Program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32546.

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The demand for electricity of a particular location can vary significantly based on season, ambient temperature, time of the day etc. High demand can result in very high wholesale price of electricity. The reason for this is very short operating duration of peaking power plants which require large capital investments to establish. Those power plants remain idle for most of the time of a year except for some peak demand periods during hot summer days. This process is inherently inefficient but it is necessary to meet the uninterrupted power supply criterion. With the advantage of new technologi
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Halich, Gregory Stewart. "Estimating Changes in Residential Water Demand for Voluntary and Mandatory Water-Use Restrictions Implemented during the 2002 Virginia Drought." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28479.

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Municipal water suppliers are increasingly faced with implementing programs to address temporary water shortages in the United States. Having reliable estimates for the effectiveness of these programs will help in water supply planning. This dissertation estimates the reductions in residential water-use for voluntary and mandatory water-use restrictions used in Virginia during the 2002 drought. These restrictions were evaluated using both a conventional approach (single-dummy variable for each) and non-conventional approach where program intensity was accounted for. Program intensity was m
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Martinez-Espineira, Roberto. "Residential water pricing for demand management in the UK : lessons from Spain." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369321.

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Cole, Graham. "Smart Meter Enabled Disaggregation of Residential Peak Water Demand: Implications for Urban Water Planning and Tariff Reform." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367964.

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The price of water to the urban consumer is one of the most politicised issues confronting state and federal legislators in Australia today. Water is an essential requirement of life and, arguably, there will always be a public sentiment that the price of water should not constitute an economic burden, least of all for those more economically disadvantaged members of society. As a result, and regardless of the "proper" underlying economic principles such as "user pays” and “full cost recovery”, there has always been a political willingness in Queensland, at both the state and local level, to c
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Scheepers, Hester Maria. "Deriving peak factors for residential indoor water demand by means of a probability based end-use model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71639.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The expected peak water demand in a water distribution system (WDS) is an important consideration for WDS design purposes. In South Africa the most common method of estimating peak demand is by multiplying the average demand by a dimensionless peak factor. A peak factor is the ratio between the maximum flow rate (which refers to the largest volume of flow to be received during a relatively short time period, say , expressed as the average volume per unit time), and the average flow rate over an extended time period. The magn
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Ara, Shihomi. "The influence of water quality on the demand for residential development around Lake Erie." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1184599591.

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Mahmoud, Attaallah Nour Aldin. "Demand Disaggregation for Non-Residential Water Users in the City of Logan, Utah, USA." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7401.

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Non-residential users contribute to a significant portion of the total water delivered by water supplying agencies. However, a very limited number of studies have attempted to investigate the water use behavior of non-residential users. With the emergence of newer “smart” meters, water use now can be measured and recorded at a very high temporal frequency. Smart meters can help determine total water use, timing, and component end uses to better understand water use practices by non-residential users. Water end use disaggregation is the process of separating the water used by each fixture or pr
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Halper, Eve Brook. "Residential Outdoor Water Use in Tucson, Arizona: Geospatial, Demographic and Temporal Perspectives." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145443.

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Outdoor water use by single-family residences in the desert city of Tucson, Arizona is investigated as a multi-scaled coupled human-environment system, using remotely sensed images, GIS data, household water use records and survey responses. Like many desert cities, Tucson's municipal water system faces stresses at multiple spatial and temporal scales: rising demand, limited supplies, competition for distant resources and the likelihood of shortages due to regional climate change. Though the need for demand management is recognized, conflict between the long-term regional scale of the ecosy
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Maurer, Nathalie. "Modelling urban development trends and outdoor residential water demand in the Okanagan Basin, British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/17533.

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The Okanagan Basin, the most arid watershed in Canada per capita, has been undergoing rapid population growth in the past 30 years. The results of this research show the varying residential water demand in the major communities in the Okanagan Basin. The outdoor water use was determined on a lot size basis for 2006 and projections were made to the year 2026 using a projected population increase and three urban development scenarios. The outdoor residential water demand varied from 30% to 60% of the annual domestic water demand depending on lot size. Two extreme urban growth cases: urban sp
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Wright, Tiaan. "Water demand of selected residential properties with access to groundwater in serviced areas of the Cape Peninsula." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79954.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the water demand of selected residential properties with access to groundwater in serviced areas of the Cape Peninsula. This winter rainfall region is typified by hot and dry summer months, corresponding to peak garden water demand. Water restrictions in the area are relatively common and primarily target outdoor use. Groundwater serves as an alternative source of water to some consumers in the area, but little is known about the extent of such use and the impact thereof on potable water demand. A major
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Wanjiru, Evan. "Optimal energy-water nexus management in residential buildings incorporating renewable energy, efficient devices and water recycling." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61465.

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Developing nations face insurmountable challenges to reliably and sustainably provide energy and water to the population. These resources are intricately entwined such that decisions on the use of one affects the other (energy-water nexus). Inadequate and ageing infrastructure, increased population and connectivity, urbanization, improved standards of living and spatially uneven rainfall are some of the reasons causing this insecurity. Expanding and developing new supply infrastructure is not sustainable due to sky high costs and negative environmental impact such as increased greenhouse gas e
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Boisvert, Andreanne. "An analysis of residential water demand for Ontario and the Prairie Provinces from 1989 to 1999." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26447.

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The research centred on the factors accounting for variations within residential water demand. To accomplish this task, the statistical technique of regression analysis was used to analyze water demand data compiled by Environment Canada, for five different years, within two Canadian regions: Ontario and the Prairie Provinces. Two dependent variables were analyzed: total residential water demand (TRWD) and residential water demand per capita (RWD/cap). Within the TRWD model, population served by water services was found to be the only statistically significant variable, with coefficients of de
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Cartwright, Lauren Ashley. "The Influence of Conservation Programs on Residential Water Demand: Synthesis and Analysis for Shared Vision Planning in the Rappahannock River Basin." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30824.

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The Rappahannock River Basin Commission is undergoing a collaborative water supply planning process for Virginiaâ s Rappahannock River Basin. Participants in the planning process have indicated an interest in technical information about the possible impact conservation programs may have on reducing residential water demand. The potential influence of conservation programs is identified through a literature synthesis and a statistical analysis of residential water demand for a locality within the basin (Stafford County). In the literature synthesis, conservation programs are classified as v
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Sanchez, Diego Cesar. "Estudo para caraterização da demanda urbana de água no setor residencial da cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3146/tde-15022008-095605/.

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O racionamento de água potável acontece em muitas cidades do mundo e é um assunto iminente para muitas outras. Tal fato se deve ao aumento gradativo das populações nos centros urbanos, que carrega consigo os efeitos da poluição dos mananciais, da impermeabilização, da modificação do clima, entre vários outros fatores adversos desta questão, tão séria, visto que o ser-humano é totalmente dependente da água doce para sua sobrevivência. Partindo deste pressuposto e seguindo a linha do uso racional da água para atenuar a sua escassez, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver um estudo para car
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Kombe, Joseph Roman. "Optimisation of water demand management opportunities in non-residential facilities within the Cape Metropolitan Area based on economic efficiency." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4773.

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Bibliography: leaves 126-134.<br>In 1998, after spending ten years in government business, as an economist in Tanzania, four of which in departments/ministries dealing with environmental and natural resources management in the country, I made a decision to study Environmental Science. This was triggered by the fact that I noticed there is a dearth of Environmental and Resource Economists in my county. I realised that most politicians and technocrats were paying lip service to environmental problems, and could not link environmental management issues with economic development policies and strat
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Cao, Xiang. "Essays on Environmental Economics with a Focus on Non-market Valuation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91384.

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This dissertation consists of two research projects in the area of Environmental Economics: water-recycling technology adoption and its cost-effectiveness in the U.S. horticulture industry (in Chapter 2), and urban tree cover's impact on residential location decision making in Milwaukee, WI (in Chapter 3). Chapter 2 evaluates the economic effects of labeling plants grown with water-recycling technology (WRT) practices in selected nursery operations in the Mid-Atlantic region of Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. Partial budgeting, whole enterprise-level budgeting, sensitivity and break-ev
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Cavalcante, Fernanda Beatriz Ferreira. "Consumo residencial de água em Uberlândia – Minas Gerais, Brasil (2006-2016) : subsídios informacionais para gestão da demanda /." Ilha Solteira, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183370.

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Orientador: Cláudio Antônio Di Mauro<br>Resumo: A criação de subsídios informacionais precisos e transparentes para gestão do saneamento e recursos hídricos é uma perspectiva intrínseca do planejamento e execução de políticas cidadãs, que atendem as exigências da sociedade para o meio ambiente equilibrado e saudável a todos. Entender como se comportam as demandas de água e sua distribuição espacial é um desafio constante que aprimora os métodos de ações; principalmente se o contexto for de crise hídrica e primazia por desenvolvimento sustentável com uso racional dos recursos naturais. Este tra
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Damiano, Rafael Gaspar. "Modelagem estocástica da demanda individualizada de água residencial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-18032019-165703/.

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A modelagem da demanda de água residencial fornece importantes subsídios ao dimensionamento e gerenciamento de redes de abastecimento de água. O comportamento desta demanda pode ser descrito através de processos estocásticos, caracterizados pela ocorrência de pulsos retangulares de demanda de água ao longo do tempo. Nesse contexto, este trabalho de pesquisa teve como objetivos monitorar e modelar a demanda de água residencial através dos modelos estocásticos dos pulsos retangulares de Neyman Scott (NSRP) e dos Pulsos Totais (OP). Enquanto que no modelo NSRP há a tentativa de simular a demanda
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Monteiro, Henrique Pedro Currais. "Water tariffs : Methods for an Efficient Cost Recovery and for the Implementation of the Water Framework Directive in Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1541.

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Doutoramento em Economia<br>This work is a contribution to the study of how the Portuguese water industry can meet the goals of cost recovery and water use efficiency set out by the Water Framework Directive. We describe the Portuguese water and wastewater tariffs implemented from 1998 to 2005 and the cost recovery levels for that period. The tariff revenues collected by the water utilities are insufficient to meet the financial costs of their activities, especially regarding wastewater, and the situation has worsened in recent years. We review the existing water pricing models, highlighting s
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Moughton, Lynette Jane. "Effect of Temporal and Spatial Aggregation on Cross Correlation of Indoor Residential Water Demands." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1250351156.

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Silva, Léa Marina. "Estudo da demanda de água não potável e desenvolvimento de um sistema de reúso de água cinza para habitações de interesse social." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6136.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:04:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lea Marina Silva.pdf: 9837499 bytes, checksum: d2a3d5ef17c6b5b733efab787b6d3ed7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22<br>This work studies the demand for unsafe drinking water and the development of a system for reuse of greywater for social interest housing (SIH). The study presents a characterization of the profile of water consumption in a community of SIH the Jabaeté Residential in Vila Velha (ES). Investigates what water conservation actions best apply in everyday community in question, analyzing the reuse co
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Legamo, Tarekegn Mamo. "Determinants of Residential Water Demand in Hawassa, Ethiopia." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339154.

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This empirical study is aimed to analyze the determinants of residential water demand and performed water use practice at household level in Hawassa. This study will fill the research gap and information on factors affecting household water demand in regions being water scarce and will provide useful information for policy-makers and water utility planners in order to use scarce drinking water resource more efficiently. In this study the proposed potential factors determine household water demand in Hawassa were; Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, the average monthly household expe
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Barua, Suchana. "Non-residential Urban Water Demand Modelling – a Disaggregation Approach." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/36759/.

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Rapid population growth over the 20th century and changing climate has put many urban water supply systems under pressure around the world. Such pressure also exerted on most of the Australian water supply systems, which has led to the introduction of water use restrictions to ensure environmentally sustainable water supply. To operate cost effective and reliable urban water supply systems, analysing urban water use and forecasting future water demand is an essential task. Generally, the urban water use classified as residential and non-residential water use based on different activitie
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"The impact of price on residential water demand: (a comparative study)." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3420.

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M.Comm.<br>Southern Africa is considered by the rest of the world to be a water scarce region. Previously within the region water was not regarded as a high profile subject in the development process. A paradigm shift is required in the region to recognise the need to concentrate on demand management instead. The paper briefly examines the climatic conditions as a contributing factor to scarcity of the water resources. It further focuses on the human factor which is regarded as a factor that can be managed as opposed to the climatic conditions. In managing the human factor, the usage of water
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Jacobs, Heinz Erasmus. "A conceptual end-use model for residential water demand and return flow." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/468.

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A conceptual end use model for residential water demand and return flow is presented in this thesis. The model requires a unique description of a single residential stand in terms of all its end-uses. The end-uses include toilet flushing, bathing and showering, garden watering, leaks, et cetera. Various parameters describe each of the end-uses. The model predicts five components relating to water demand and wastewater flow at a residence: indoor water demand, outdoor water demand, hot water demand, wastewater flow volume and concentration of solutes in the wastewater. Twelve monthly results ar
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Machado, Susette Santos. "The impact of invoice information on Portuguese residential water demand." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11625.

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JEL Classification: Q21, Q25<br>The main purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate the impact of the information conveyed in the water bill on the price-elasticity of residential water demand. For this purpose, we estimate a Portuguese residential water demand model and include qualitative variables representative of billing content. The methodology relies on an econometric estimation based on cross sectional aggregate data. We found that by including in the invoice the period reserved to communicate water readings together with the available ways to do so significantly increases the price
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Sires, Luke Abrams. "Residential water conservation in Austin, Texas." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2009-12-609.

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This study explores the social, technological economic, and environmental development of single-family residential water conservation programs at the Austin Water Utility and asks: What makes a conservation program successful? I hypothesize that water conservation programs will be successful if both institutional-producer goals and citizen-consumer goals are satisfied. While the findings suggest that this may be partially true, it also has become clear that my original actor-network model was too simple to predict the various types of influences on program success. Not only did I find othe
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CHEN, XIN-TING, and 沈信廷. "The demand of urban water uses:a case of study of water users on industrial water uses and residential water uses in Kaohsiung city." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57524149535849758166.

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Elton, Kurtis. "Irritations from Shaving Peaks: Barriers to the Implementation of Residential Seasonal Water Rates in Southwestern Ontario." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4669.

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The water soft path (WSP) has been formulated as a progressive paradigm in water management. The WSP has four main principles: water should be viewed as a service; ecological sustainability is of utmost importance; water quantity and quality should be conserved; and planning should be done from the future backwards, not projected from the present. It may be possible to use conservation-based water pricing programs, especially at the residential level, in order to incrementally implement the WSP. Moreover, the implementation of residential seasonal water rates has been suggested as a method
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Cardoso, Maria Leonor Bandeira de Melo Barreiros. "Modeling Portuguese water demand with quantile regression." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/9715.

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A literatura recente sobre a estimação da procura de água indica que a elasticidade-preço da procura de água residencial pode não ser constante ao longo da distribuição do consumo de água. Se assim for, a elasticidade-preço da média da amostra ou da população de consumidores em questão é insuficiente para prever os possíveis impactos de uma mudança de preço. A aplicação da regressão de quantis para estimar os impactos esperados das variáveis explicativas normalmente aceites na literatura, como é o caso do preço (marginal ou médio), o rendimento ou variáveis relacionadas com o tempo, pretende
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"Whiskey is for Drinking; Water is for Fighting Over: Population Growth, Infrastructure Change, and Conservation Policy as Drivers of Residential Water Demand." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25803.

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abstract: As urban populations grow, water managers are becoming increasingly concerned about water scarcity. Water managers once relied on developing new sources of water supply to manage scarcity but economically feasible sources of unclaimed water are now rare, leading to an increased interest in demand side management. Water managers in Las Vegas, Nevada have developed innovative demand side management strategies due to the cities rapid urbanization and limited water supply. Three questions are addressed. First, in the developed areas of the Las Vegas Valley Water District service areas, h
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Chang, Tsai-feng, and 張彩鳳. "Spec-Heating and Water-Heater Energy Demand of Elderly Households - Residential Energy Consumption Survey Data in America 1993." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16068527728489378474.

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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>產業經濟學系<br>87<br>The selection of energy appliances is always ignored in many energy demand models. Which many incur some estimation biases in the econometric analysis. Unlike most of these literature, this thesis uses a two-stage model by considering the above energy appliances selection problem. Moreover, the space-heating and water-heater energy demand analysis is investigated rather than the whole energy demand since they are two main end-use energy consumption in USA. It is believed that the energy conservation program can be implemented well after we capturing these ener
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To, Thi Dieu Hang. "Three essays on applied econometrics : testing for purchasing power parity, modifying the ESTAR Model and factors affecting residential water demand." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151496.

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This thesis consists of three main essays on applied econometrics, using time series and cross-sectional data. The first essay focuses on the issue of testing for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). Given that the presence of transaction costs in trading implies a nonlinear adjustment process of real exchange rates towards PPP, the traditional tests for PPP using a linear framework may be inappropriate. The first essay models the dynamics of the adjustment towards PPP using a nonlinear exponential smooth transition autoregressive (ESTAR) process and tests for the validity of PPP in a nonlinear fram
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Fortier, Julia Maureen. "Examining the Social Acceptability of Cisterns in Rainwater Harvesting for Residenital Use in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5242.

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As water infrastructure in urban Ontario strains to meet the demands of a growing population, alternatives to the conventional water supply approach that complement demand management strategies are important to enable more sustainable water use at the household level. The adoption of rainwater harvesting (RWH), for indoor and outdoor uses by single-family households can reduce a households withdrawals on municipal water by 30% if rainwater is used for toilet flushing, laundry and outdoor uses (Despins 2009). The amount of potable water savings because of RWH is influenced by the rate of adopti
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