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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Root meristems”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 7 września 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Clark, S. E., M. P. Running, and E. M. Meyerowitz. "CLAVATA3 is a specific regulator of shoot and floral meristem development affecting the same processes as CLAVATA1." Development 121, no. 7 (1995): 2057–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.7.2057.

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We have previously described the phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with mutations at the CLAVATA1 (CLV1) locus (Clark, S. E., Running, M. P. and Meyerowitz, E. M. (1993) Development 119, 397–418). Our investigations demonstrated that clv1 plants develop enlarged vegetative and inflorescence apical meristems, and enlarged and indeterminate floral meristems. Here, we present an analysis of mutations at a separate locus, CLAVATA3 (CLV3), that disrupt meristem development in a manner similar to clv1 mutations. clv3 plants develop enlarged apical meristems as early as the mature embryo stage

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2

Laux, T., K. F. Mayer, J. Berger, and G. Jurgens. "The WUSCHEL gene is required for shoot and floral meristem integrity in Arabidopsis." Development 122, no. 1 (1996): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.1.87.

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Self perpetuation of the shoot meristem is essential for the repetitive initiation of shoot structures during plant development. In Arabidopsis shoot meristem maintenance is disrupted by recessive mutations in the WUSCHEL (WUS) gene. The defect is evident at all developmental stages and is restricted to shoot and floral meristems, whereas the root meristem is not affected. wus mutants fail to properly organize a shoot meristem in the embryo. Postembryonically, defective shoot meristems are initiated repetitively but terminate prematurely in aberrant flat structures. In contrast to wild-type sh

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3

Kang, Huijia, Di Wu, Tianyi Fan, and Yan Zhu. "Activities of Chromatin Remodeling Factors and Histone Chaperones and Their Effects in Root Apical Meristem Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (2020): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030771.

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Eukaryotic genes are packaged into dynamic but stable chromatin structures to deal with transcriptional reprogramming and inheritance during development. Chromatin remodeling factors and histone chaperones are epigenetic factors that target nucleosomes and/or histones to establish and maintain proper chromatin structures during critical physiological processes such as DNA replication and transcriptional modulation. Root apical meristems are vital for plant root development. Regarding the well-characterized transcription factors involved in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, there is

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4

Pan, W. H., A. Houben, and R. Schlegel. "Highly effective cell synchronization in plant roots by hydroxyurea and amiprophos-methyl or colchicine." Genome 36, no. 2 (1993): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g93-053.

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Effective somatic cell synchronization in root-tip meristems and improved chromosome spreading were achieved in white campion, wheat, rye, and barley by application of hydroxyurea and amiprophos-methyl or colchicine, combined with a pretreatment of ice water and modified fixative, as well as enzymatic digestion of the meristems. The protocol provides metaphase indices of approximately 50%. The chromosomes and chromosomal DNA were with minimum distortion, providing useful material for chromosome banding studies, in situ DNA–DNA hybridization, microdissection, and microcloning.Key words: Melandr

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5

Jackson, D., B. Veit, and S. Hake. "Expression of maize KNOTTED1 related homeobox genes in the shoot apical meristem predicts patterns of morphogenesis in the vegetative shoot." Development 120, no. 2 (1994): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.2.405.

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In this paper we describe the expression patterns of a family of homeobox genes in maize and their relationship to organogenic domains in the vegetative shoot apical meristem. These genes are related by sequence to KNOTTED1, a gene characterized by dominant neomorphic mutations which perturb specific aspects of maize leaf development. Four members of this gene family are expressed in shoot meristems and the developing stem, but not in determinate lateral organs such as leaves or floral organs. The genes show distinct expression patterns in the vegetative shoot apical meristem that together pre

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6

Song, Zewen, Wenjun Zhou, Hanyu Jiang, and Yifan Duan. "Research Progress of CLE and Its Prospects in Woody Plants." Plants 14, no. 10 (2025): 1424. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14101424.

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The peptide ligands of the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) family have been previously identified as essential signals for both short- and long-distance communication in plants, particularly during stem cell homeostasis, cell fate determination, and growth and development. To date, most studies on the CLE family have focused on model plants and especially those involving stem and apical meristems. Relatively little is known about the role of CLE peptides in tall trees and other plant meristems. In this review, we summarize the role of CLE genes in regulating plant Root Apical

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7

Haque, MS, and K. Hattori. "Detection of viruses of Bangladeshi and Japanese garlic and their elimination through root meristem culture." Progressive Agriculture 28, no. 2 (2017): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v28i2.33465.

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A number of viruses cause considerable yield loss and quality deterioration in garlic. Root meristems of virus infected plants are known to be free from detectable viruses. This potentiality could be exploited to obtain virus free clones at a high frequency by culturing excised root meristems in vitro. We have developed efficient methods of direct and somatic embryo derived shoot regeneration from root meristems of garlic. The objectives of this work were to detect viruses infecting Bangladeshi and Japanese garlic clones and find an easy and efficient method of eliminating the viruses for the

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8

Du, Yujuan, and Ben Scheres. "PLETHORA transcription factors orchestrate de novo organ patterning during Arabidopsis lateral root outgrowth." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 44 (2017): 11709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714410114.

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Plant development is characterized by repeated initiation of meristems, regions of dividing cells that give rise to new organs. During lateral root (LR) formation, new LR meristems are specified to support the outgrowth of LRs along a new axis. The determination of the sequential events required to form this new growth axis has been hampered by redundant activities of key transcription factors. Here, we characterize the effects of three PLETHORA (PLT) transcription factors, PLT3, PLT5, and PLT7, during LR outgrowth. In plt3plt5plt7 triple mutants, the morphology of lateral root primordia (LRP)

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9

Laskowski, M. J., M. E. Williams, H. C. Nusbaum, and I. M. Sussex. "Formation of lateral root meristems is a two-stage process." Development 121, no. 10 (1995): 3303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.10.3303.

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In both radish and Arabidopsis, lateral root initiation involves a series of rapid divisions in pericycle cells located on the xylem radius of the root. In Arabidopsis, the number of pericycle cells that divide to form a primordium was estimated to be about 11. To determine the stage at which primordia are able to function as root meristems, primordia of different stages were excised and cultured without added hormones. Under these conditions, primordia that consist of 2 cell layers fail to develop while primordia that consist of at least 3–5 cell layers develop as lateral roots. We hypothesiz

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10

Stahl, Yvonne, and Rüdiger Simon. "Peptides and receptors controlling root development." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1595 (2012): 1453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0235.

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The growth of a plant's root system depends on the continued activity of the root meristem, and the generation of new meristems when lateral roots are initiated. Plants have developed intricate signalling systems that employ secreted peptides and plasma membrane-localized receptor kinases for short- and long-range communication. Studies on growth of the vascular system, the generation of lateral roots, the control of cell differentiation in the root meristem and the interaction with invading pathogens or symbionts has unravelled a network of peptides and receptor systems with occasionally shar

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11

Sato, Moeko, Hiroko Akashi, Yuki Sakamoto, Sachihiro Matsunaga, and Hiroyuki Tsuji. "Whole-Tissue Three-Dimensional Imaging of Rice at Single-Cell Resolution." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1 (2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010040.

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The three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of cells in tissues provides an anatomical basis for analyzing physiological and biochemical aspects of plant and animal cellular development and function. In this study, we established a protocol for tissue clearing and 3D imaging in rice. Our protocol is based on three improvements: clearing with iTOMEI (clearing solution suitable for plants), developing microscopic conditions in which the Z step is optimized for 3D reconstruction, and optimizing cell-wall staining. Our protocol successfully 3D imaged rice shoot apical meristems, florets, and root apica

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12

Carrillo-Flores, Elizabeth, Denni Mariana Pazos-Solis, Frida Paola Diaz-Bellacetin, Grisel Fierros-Romero, Elda Beltran-Pena, and Maria Elena Mellado-Rojas. "TOR regulates plant development and plantmicroorganism interactions." Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering 8, no. 3 (2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2021.08.00255.

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The adaptation of plants to their ever-changing environment denotes a remarkable plasticity of growth that generates organs throughout their life cycle, by the activation of a group of pluripotent cells known as shoot apical meristem and root apical meristem. The reactivation of cellular proliferation in both meristems by means of TOR, Target Of Rapamycin, depends on specific signals such as glucose and light. TOR showed a significant influence in plant growth, development and nutrient assimilation as well as in microorganism interactions such as infection resistance, plant differentiation and

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13

Chiatante, Donato, Antonio Montagnoli, Dalila Trupiano, et al. "Meristematic Connectome: A Cellular Coordinator of Plant Responses to Environmental Signals?" Cells 10, no. 10 (2021): 2544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10102544.

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Mechanical stress in tree roots induces the production of reaction wood (RW) and the formation of new branch roots, both functioning to avoid anchorage failure and limb damage. The vascular cambium (VC) is the factor responsible for the onset of these responses as shown by their occurrence when all primary tissues and the root tips are removed. The data presented confirm that the VC is able to evaluate both the direction and magnitude of the mechanical forces experienced before coordinating the most fitting responses along the root axis whenever and wherever these are necessary. The coordinati

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14

Flessner, Michael L., Roland R. Dute, and J. Scott McElroy. "Anatomical Response of St. Augustinegrass to Aminocyclopyrachlor Treatment." Weed Science 59, no. 2 (2011): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-10-00116.1.

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Aminocyclopyrachlor (AMCP) is a synthetic auxin herbicide that controls primarily broadleaf (eudicotyledonous) weeds. Previous research indicates that St. Augustinegrass is unacceptably injured by AMCP. In light of the fact that synthetic auxin herbicides usually are safe when applied to monocotyledons, the mechanism for this injury is not fully understood. Anatomical response of St. Augustinegrass to AMCP was investigated using light microscopy. Apical meristem node tissue responded with callus tissue proliferation, abnormal location and development of the apical meristem, necrosis of the dev

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15

Chiatante, Donato, Lucia Maiuro, and Gabriella S. Scippa. "Water Stress Tolerance in Root Meristems." Giornale botanico italiano 128, no. 1 (1994): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509409437044.

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16

Chiatante, D., L. Maiuro, and G. S. Scippa. "Water Stress Tolerance in Root Meristems." Giornale botanico italiano 130, no. 1 (1996): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509609439627.

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17

Cheng, Shan, Qi Wang, Hakim Manghwar, and Fen Liu. "Autophagy-Mediated Regulation of Different Meristems in Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11 (2022): 6236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116236.

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Autophagy is a highly conserved cell degradation process that widely exists in eukaryotic cells. In plants, autophagy helps maintain cellular homeostasis by degrading and recovering intracellular substances through strict regulatory pathways, thus helping plants respond to a variety of developmental and environmental signals. Autophagy is involved in plant growth and development, including leaf starch degradation, senescence, anthers development, regulation of lipid metabolism, and maintenance of peroxisome mass. More and more studies have shown that autophagy plays a role in stress response a

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18

Fernandez, D. E., F. R. Turner, and M. L. Crouch. "In situ localization of storage protein mRNAs in developing meristems of Brassica napus embryos." Development 111, no. 2 (1991): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.111.2.299.

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Probes derived from cDNA clones of napin and cruciferin, the major storage proteins of Brassica napus, and in situ hybridization techniques were used to examine changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of storage protein messages during the course of embryogeny, with a special emphasis on the developing apical meristems. Napin mRNAs begin to accumulate in the cortex of the axis during late heart stage, in the outer faces of the cotyledons during torpedo stage and in the inner faces of the cotyledons during cotyledon stage. Cruciferin mRNAs accumulate in a similar pattern but approximat

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19

Wendrich, Jos R., Barbara K. Möller, Song Li, et al. "Framework for gradual progression of cell ontogeny in the Arabidopsis root meristem." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 42 (2017): E8922—E8929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707400114.

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In plants, apical meristems allow continuous growth along the body axis. Within the root apical meristem, a group of slowly dividing quiescent center cells is thought to limit stem cell activity to directly neighboring cells, thus endowing them with unique properties, distinct from displaced daughters. This binary identity of the stem cells stands in apparent contradiction to the more gradual changes in cell division potential and differentiation that occur as cells move further away from the quiescent center. To address this paradox and to infer molecular organization of the root meristem, we

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20

Miwa, Hiroki, Atsuko Kinoshita, Hiroo Fukuda, and Shinichiro Sawa. "Plant meristems: CLAVATA3/ESR-related signaling in the shoot apical meristem and the root apical meristem." Journal of Plant Research 122, no. 1 (2008): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-008-0207-3.

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21

Lasok, Hanna, Hugues Nziengui, Philip Kochersperger, and Franck Anicet Ditengou. "Arabidopsis Root Development Regulation by the Endogenous Folate Precursor, Para-Aminobenzoic Acid, via Modulation of the Root Cell Cycle." Plants 12, no. 24 (2023): 4076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12244076.

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The continuous growth of roots depends on their ability to maintain a balanced ratio between cell production and cell differentiation at the tip. This process is regulated by the hormonal balance of cytokinin and auxin. However, other important regulators, such as plant folates, also play a regulatory role. In this study, we investigated the impact of the folate precursor para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) on root development. Using pharmacological, genetic, and imaging approaches, we show that the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana roots is repressed by either supplementing the growth medium with PABA

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22

Chapman, Elisabeth J., and Mark Estelle. "Cytokinin and auxin intersection in root meristems." Genome Biology 10, no. 2 (2009): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-210.

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23

CLOWES, F. A. L. "Origin of the epidermis in root meristems." New Phytologist 127, no. 2 (1994): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb04284.x.

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Dolan, Liam. "Meristems: The Root of Stem Cell Regulation." Current Biology 19, no. 11 (2009): R459—R460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.04.030.

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Mikou, Karima, and Philippe Badila. "Induction photopériodique de l'organogenèse et de la floraison in vitro chez le Cichorium intybus: aspects histologiques." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 6 (1992): 1302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-163.

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In root explants of a long-day plant, Cichorium intybus L., grown in vitro, inflorescences were produced under short-day conditions (9 h) if long days were applied on days 10 to 18 of culture. Long days consisted of either 16 h fluorescent light (5.6 W∙m−2) or daily cycles of 9 h white fluorescent plus 15 h red (660 nm, 0.3 W∙m−2) or blue (440 nm, 0.5 W∙m−2) light. The structural changes in the meristems of buds regenerated under these conditions were studied. The influence of photoperiod appeared to be critical between the 10th and 16th days, during the progressive transition from vegetative

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26

Martin, George C. "Apical Dominance." HortScience 22, no. 5 (1987): 824–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.5.824.

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Abstract None of the physiological events in plant growth and development is truly independent. Photosynthesis, flowering, and mineral transport are sharply focused areas of research; yet these phenomena are not separable from other metabolic events in the plant. This feature of interdependence may be called correlations (26) or growth correlations (49, 50). The control exerted by the growth zone emanates from a meristem; these meristems include the root or shoot apex, cambium, flowers, fruit, pollen on stigma, and the ovule or seed in a fruit.

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27

Sherman, D., and J. Banks. "Ceratopteris is a Useful Model Genetic System for Studying Plant Meristem Development." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760000742x.

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Most tissues of a plant are derived from meristems that reside at the tips of the shoot and root. To identify genes that are involved in the organization and in the coordination of cell division and differentation in the meristem, mutations that affect meristem development have been sought. Several mutations that affect meristem development have been characterized in Arabidopsis and maize; however, the angiosperm meristem is small, inconspicuous and difficult to characterize in a non-destructive way. Gametophytes of the fern Ceratopteris richardii have a meristem that is simple, small and cons

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28

Benbadis, M. C., M. Delage, and G. Daouse. "Effet stimulant de la poly-D-lysine sur l'entrée en mitose de cellules G2 du méristème racinaire d'Allium sativum." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 1 (1985): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-018.

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Cell proliferation in Allium sativum L. primary root meristems is stimulated by poly-D-lysine. This effect has been studied on asynchronous and on hydroxyurea-synchronized meristems using cell kinetics techniques and DNA microdensitometry. The rapid increase of mitotic indices is the result of the onset of mitosis in 4C cells which are arrested in G2. However, neither the initiation of DNA synthesis in G1 cells, nor the labelling index of roots continuously incubated with tritiated thymidine, are altered. Thus, poly-D-lysine has a selective effect on G2 cells, triggering the onset of mitosis i

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29

Silva, Thaís Cristina Ribeiro, Isabella Santiago Abreu, and Carlos Roberto Carvalho. "Improved and Reproducible Flow Cytometry Methodology for Nuclei Isolation from Single Root Meristem." Journal of Botany 2010 (June 22, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/320609.

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Root meristems have increasingly been target of cell cycle studies by flow cytometric DNA content quantification. Moreover, roots can be an alternative source of nuclear suspension when leaves become unfeasible and for chromosome analysis and sorting. In the present paper, a protocol for intact nuclei isolation from a single root meristem was developed. This proceeding was based on excision of the meristematic region using a prototypical slide, followed by short enzymatic digestion and mechanical isolation of nuclei during homogenization with a hand mixer. Such parameters were optimized for re

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Nascimento, Heloisa Rocha do, Ricardo Gallo, Isane Vera Karsburg, and Ademilso Sampaio Oliveira. "Cytogenetic and identification of the nucleolus organizer region in Heliconia bihai (L.) L." Revista Ceres 61, no. 4 (2014): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201461040002.

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The genus Heliconia is not much studied and the number of existing species in this genus is still uncertain. It is known that this number relies between 150 to 250 species. In Brazil, about 40 species are native and known by many different names. The objective of this paper was to characterize morphometrically and to identify the NOR (active nucleolus organizer regions) by Ag-NOR banding of chromosomes of Heliconia bihai (L) L. Root meristems were submitted to blocking treatment in an amiprofos-methyl (APM) solution, fixed in methanol-acetic acid solution for 24 hours, at least. The meristems

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Yan, Xu, Zizhou Wu, Honglin Wang, Yanchun Zuo, and Zhouhe Du. "Developing Adventitious Root Meristems Induced by Layering for Plant Chromosome Preparation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 21 (2024): 11723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111723.

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Chromosome numbers and morphology are important characteristics of a species and its evolution. Root tips are the most commonly used tissue as a source of actively dividing cells for chromosome visualization in plants. Previously, rapidly growing root tips were collected from germinating kernels or from seedlings growing in pots or fields. However, the use of adventitious roots (ARs) derived from aerial tissue as meristems for chromosome visualization has always been overlooked. Here, we successfully induced ARs in 11 materials that were investigated, with the exception of Sorghum nitidum. Usi

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Robertson, E. J., K. A. Pyke, and R. M. Leech. "arc6, an extreme chloroplast division mutant of Arabidopsis also alters proplastid proliferation and morphology in shoot and root apices." Journal of Cell Science 108, no. 9 (1995): 2937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.108.9.2937.

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The arc6 (accumulation and replication of chloroplasts) mutant of Arabidopsis has only two greatly enlarged chloroplasts per mature leaf mesophyll cell compared with ninety chloroplasts per cell in the wild type. The mutation is a single nuclear gene and the plant phenotype is normal. Shoot and root apical meristems of arc6 plants have been examined to determine how early during plastid development the mutant arc6 phenotype can be recognised. In the cells of the arc6 apical meristem there are only two proplastids, which are larger than wild type with a highly variable morphology. In the cells

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Krauss, Ulrike. "Detached Leaf Technique for the Establishment of Root Cultures of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)." Peanut Science 22, no. 2 (1995): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-22-2-1.

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Abstract Axenic cultures of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) roots can be initiated from in vitro cultured embryos and shoot meristems. Embryo axes produced more shoots than tissue taken from axillary meristems. For tissue derived from shoot cultures, Virginia cultivars had a higher percentage of rooting explants than a Spanish cultivar. Inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes increased root yields. However, root propagation in liquid medium was unsuccessful. On the other hand, the use of detached leaves, incubated on a sand/mineral liquid medium, led to vigorous root production after inoculatio

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Rowland, R. E. "Nucleolus DNA synthesis inVicia faba root-tip meristems." Experientia 41, no. 8 (1985): 1070–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01952149.

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Schneider, Michael, Lucia Vedder, Benedict Chijioke Oyiga, et al. "Transcriptome profiling of barley and tomato shoot and root meristems unravels physiological variations underlying photoperiodic sensitivity." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0265981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265981.

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The average sowing date of crops in temperate climate zones has been shifted forwards by several days, resulting in a changed photoperiod regime at the emergence stage. In the present study, we performed a global transcriptome profiling of plant development genes in the seedling stage of root and shoot apical meristems of a photoperiod-sensitive species (barley) and a photoperiod insensitive species (tomato) in short-day conditions (8h). Variant expression indicated differences in physiological development under this short day-length regime between species and tissues. The barley tissue transc

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Anderson, J. A., C. Mousset-Déclas, E. G. Williams, and N. L. Taylor. "An in vitro chromosome doubling method for clovers (Trifolium spp.)." Genome 34, no. 1 (1991): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-001.

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This research reports a new technique for chromosome doubling of clover (Trifolium sp.) axillary meristems via in vitro colchicine application. Plant material utilized included T. pratense (red clover) cv. Kenstar clones, and three interspecific hybrids: T. ambiguum (kura clover) × T. repens (white clover); T. alpestre × T. pratense; and T. sarosiense × T. pratense. Vegetative axillary meristems were excised from plants, surface sterilized, and trimmed to a length of 0.5–1 mm. Meristems were placed on the surface of a shoot proliferation medium (ML8) containing colchicine (0.1%) for 48 or 72 h

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Kitagawa, Munenori, and David Jackson. "Control of Meristem Size." Annual Review of Plant Biology 70, no. 1 (2019): 269–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040549.

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A fascinating feature of plant growth and development is that plants initiate organs continually throughout their lifespan. The ability to do this relies on specialized groups of pluripotent stem cells termed meristems, which allow for the elaboration of the shoot, root, and vascular systems. We now have a deep understanding of the genetic networks that control meristem initiation and stem cell maintenance, including the roles of receptors and their ligands, transcription factors, and integrated hormonal and chromatin control. This review describes these networks and discusses how this knowled

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Podbielkowska, Maria. "Effect of methotrexate on the ultrastructure of Alliurn ceps L. and Haemanthus albiflos Jacq. roots cultured under anaerobic conditions." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 50, no. 4 (2014): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1981.075.

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Changes were found in the cell structure of the root meristems of <em>Haemanthus albiflos</em> and <em>Allium cepa</em> treated with methotrexate, an oncostatic preparation of the antimetabolite group. Root culture was conducted under anaerorbic conditions to induce In this way glycolysis typical for neoplastic cells. In <em>Haemanthus</em>, where the glycolytilc process runs normally, hypertrophy of the rough ER membranes noted correlated with the presence of numerous mitochondria and dictyasames with changed Structure. In <em>Allium</em> cells,

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39

Li, Huchen, Stefan Schilderink, Qingqin Cao, Olga Kulikova, and Ton Bisseling. "Plant-specific histone deacetylases are essential for early and late stages of Medicago nodule development." Plant Physiology 186, no. 3 (2021): 1591–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab140.

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Abstract Legume and rhizobium species can establish a nitrogen-fixing nodule symbiosis. Previous studies have shown that several transcription factors that play a role in (lateral) root development are also involved in nodule development. Chromatin remodeling factors, like transcription factors, are key players in regulating gene expression. However, studies have not investigated whether chromatin remodeling genes that are essential for root development are also involved in nodule development. Here, we studied the role of Medicago (Medicago truncatula) histone deacetylases (MtHDTs) in nodule d

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Ruiz-Medrano, R., B. Xoconostle-Cazares, and W. J. Lucas. "Phloem long-distance transport of CmNACP mRNA: implications for supracellular regulation in plants." Development 126, no. 20 (1999): 4405–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.20.4405.

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Direct support for the concept that RNA molecules circulate throughout the plant, via the phloem, is provided through the characterisation of mRNA from phloem sap of mature pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) leaves and stems. One of these mRNAs, CmNACP, is a member of the NAC domain gene family, some of whose members have been shown to be involved in apical meristem development. In situ RT-PCR analysis revealed the presence of CmNACP RNA in the companion cell-sieve element complex of leaf, stem and root phloem. Longitudinal and transverse sections showed continuity of transcript distribution between m

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Kaszler, Nikolett, Péter Benkő, Dóra Bernula, Ágnes Szepesi, Attila Fehér, and Katalin Gémes. "Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia." Plants 10, no. 2 (2021): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020305.

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Plants can be regenerated from various explants/tissues via de novo shoot meristem formation. Most of these regeneration pathways are indirect and involve callus formation. Besides plant hormones, the role of polyamines (PAs) has been implicated in these processes. Interestingly, the lateral root primordia (LRPs) of Arabidopsis can be directly converted to shoot meristems by exogenous cytokinin application. In this system, no callus formation takes place. We report that the level of PAs, especially that of spermidine (Spd), increased during meristem conversion and the application of exogenous

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Yeung, Edward C., Claudio Stasolla, and Lisheng Kong. "Apical meristem formation during zygotic embryo development of white spruce." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 5 (1998): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-042.

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The first notable sign of shoot and root meristem development in zygotic embryos of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) was the appearance of starch in the respective poles of the embryo. Starch granules gradually accumulated in the subapical cells of the shoot pole and were soon followed by vacuolation in the subapical cells. Vacuolation reached its highest degree in these cells at the early embryo stage. With the formation of the large vacuolated cells, the surface cell layer at the summit of the shoot pole enlarged and differentiated into the surface initials of the shoot meristem. Th

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Lemon, Gordon D., and Usher Posluszny. "A new approach to the study of apical meristem development using laser scanning confocal microscopy." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 5 (1998): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-043.

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Epi-illumination light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been standard techniques for developmental studies of shoot apices. Recently, laser scanning confocal microscopy has gained popularity as a tool for biological imaging. We have adapted laser scanning confocal microscopy to study development in whole shoot apices. It was tested on angiosperm and fern apices using three fluorescent dyes; acriflavine, safranin O, and acid fuchsin, and compared with epi-illumination light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In all cases, acid fuchsin proved to be the best fluorochrome

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Khalil, M. M. A., M. M. Samy, A. M. H. Abd El Aal, and A. H. Hamed. "The Effect of Light Quality and Intensity on <em>in vitro</em> Potato Cultures." Journal of Agricultural Sciences – Sri Lanka 18, no. 3 (2023): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jas.v18i3.9930.

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Purpose: The study investigates the effect of light quality and intensity factors on in vitro potato meristem cultures and multiplication for optimization of pre-basic seed potato productions of some potato varieties.Research Method: In vitro experiments were conducted to study the response of meristems and nodal cuttings of five potato varieties, i.e., Cara, Hermes, Lady Rosetta, Santana, and Spunta, to four LED light qualities (blue, red, red+blue, or white) for five potato varities. Also, the response of nodal cuttings was examined under three light intensities (50, 75 and 100 μmol m-2 s-1)

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Crawford, Brian C. W., Jared Sewell, Greg Golembeski, Carmel Roshan, Jeff A. Long, and Martin F. Yanofsky. "Genetic control of distal stem cell fate within root and embryonic meristems." Science 347, no. 6222 (2015): 655–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa0196.

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The root meristem consists of populations of distal and proximal stem cells and an organizing center known as the quiescent center. During embryogenesis, initiation of the root meristem occurs when an asymmetric cell division of the hypophysis forms the distal stem cells and quiescent center. We have identified NO TRANSMITTING TRACT (NTT) and two closely related paralogs as being required for the initiation of the root meristem. All three genes are expressed in the hypophysis, and their expression is dependent on the auxin-signaling pathway. Expression of these genes is necessary for distal st

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Limbana, Therese Anne, Louis Concepcion, Azel Baron, et al. "The Anti-Mitotic Effects of Annona Muricata Extracts to Allium Cepa Root Meristems." Journal of Knowledge Learning and Science Technology ISSN: 2959-6386 (online) 2, no. 1 (2023): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.60087/jklst.vol2.n1.p294.

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Guyabano (Annona muricata) harbors a wide array of bioactive compounds that confer significant therapeutic properties. In an attempt to uncover its anti-cancer properties, we investigated the antimitotic effects of guyabano seed extracts on onion (Allium cepa) root meristems. Methods The present study utilized the Posttest Only Control Group Design. Onion root meristems were exposed to four distinct concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of guyabano seeds for 48 hours. For baseline conditions, the negative control group was treated with water whereas the positive control

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Wang, Dandan, Xiaoxiao Ma, Zhaodong Hao, Xiaofei Long, Jisen Shi, and Jinhui Chen. "Overexpression of Liriodenron WOX5 in Arabidopsis Leads to Ectopic Flower Formation and Altered Root Morphology." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2 (2023): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24020906.

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Roots are essential for plant growth, and studies on root-related genes, exemplified by WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5), have mainly concentrated on model organisms with less emphasis on the function of these genes in woody plants. Here, we report that overexpression of the WOX5 gene from Liriodendron hybrid (LhWOX5) in Arabidopsis leads to significant morphological changes in both the aerial and subterranean organs. In the Arabidopsis aerial parts, overexpression of LhWOX5 results in the production of ectopic floral meristems and leaves, possibly via the ectopic activation of CLV3 and LFY. I

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Muccee, Fatima. "In-silico characterization of meristem defective (MDF) protein associated with regulation of root meristems in Arabidopsis thaliana." Pakistan Journal of Science 76, no. 01 (2024): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v76i01.1092.

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Meristem defective protein (MDF) plays its role in proper development of meristem patterns in Arabidopsis through regulation of auxins homeostasis. It also enables plants to survive in stress. Present study was designed to characterize MDF protein in A. thaliana to get an insight into its molecular aspects. Sequence of protein was retrieved from uniprot database and subjected to CELLO, SOPMA, SWISSMODEL, MEME server and SRING tools. The protein was also docked with four proteins i. e. SR4, RSZ33, PLT1, 2 and 3. The protein was found to localize in nucleus with secondary structure comprising of

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Muccee, Fatima. "In-silico characterization of meristem defective (MDF) protein associated with regulation of root meristems in Arabidopsis thaliana." Pakistan Journal of Science 76, no. 01 (2024): 76–83. https://doi.org/10.57041/vol76iss01pp76-83.

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Meristem defective protein (MDF) plays its role in proper development of meristem patterns in Arabidopsis through regulation of auxins homeostasis. It also enables plants to survive in stress. Present study was designed to characterize MDF protein in A. thaliana to get an insight into its molecular aspects. Sequence of protein was retrieved from uniprot database and subjected to CELLO, SOPMA, SWISSMODEL, MEME server and SRING tools. The protein was also docked with four proteins i. e. SR4, RSZ33, PLT1, 2 and 3. The protein was found to localize in nucleus with secondary structure comprising of

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HIDALGO, A., J. A. GONZALEZ-REYES, and P. NAVAS. "Ascorbate free radical enhances vacuolization in onion root meristems." Plant, Cell and Environment 12, no. 4 (1989): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1989.tb01962.x.

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