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H, Mironov Yu. "SCIENCE OR MYTH?" Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/28078.
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Valiathazhel, James Daniel. "Science for all - myth or reality?: a research project". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004391.
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Abstract: Transformation at a historically disadvantaged technikon in South Africa : a research project: South Africa is in the seventh year of democracy. During the first term of office, the ANC government proposed radical shift from the system(s) of education that was/were in existence in this country. A change in the education system in South Africa was inevitable. The ANC government have realised the need and proposed plans for a change in the education system in this country. We might be able to overcome the inequalities of the past and have an education system relevant for all South Africans that promote an equal opportunity for success as envisaged by Outcomes Based Education (OBE). This research project, using a qualitative case study methodology, reports on the readiness of Border Technikon in implementing Outcomes Based Education (OBE) as a teaching/lecturing strategy. Since 1998 Border Technikon organised a series of staff training workshops to empower the academic staff in Outcomes Based Education. A preliminary study on the topic was conducted during 1999, in which questionnaires (to 16 academic staff) and semi-structured interviews (with three academic staff) were used to collect data. During 2000, when the second and final round of this study was conducted semistructured interviews were employed with 4 staff members to gather data. Literature review and document analysis was also part of the research. The analysis of data indicated that the very nature of most of the Technikon Programmes demands an OBE approach in teaching/lecturing and hence OBE based teaching/lecturing is largely practised at Border Technikon. However a few areas of concerns were identified. Some of these concerns were: (i) Technikon employed academic staff (from industry, etc...) with no professional qualification in teaching and it was difficult to provide OBE training to such people and (ii) lack of sufficient support from the Technikon Management might be a cause for the poor attendance of academic staff during the training programme. Another aspect emerged from the data analysis was that all academic staff participated in this study expressed the need for further training in OBE and related topics. Abstract: Science for all - myth or reality?: Different educational projects around the world have made Scientific Literacy a world-wide concern. This study through a literature review shows that Scientific Literacy is a term that has many definitions and interpretations. This literature review reveals that, in the present system Science for All is a myth for various reasons. Governments around the world in general, and South Africa in particular, are in the process of introducing different projects such as the Year of Science and Technology (YEAST), science week and science exhibitions for the purpose of popularising science and technology. The Department of Education in Thailand has modified its education system to accommodate Science for All. In this literature review among other issues the status quo in South African science education and the Thailand model were examined. A few recommendations to achieve Science for All are also included in this project. Abstract: Developing and evaluating the use of learning material in science - a constructivist approach towards learning Newton's laws : a research project: The Government of National Unity in 1994 introduced a new educational policy for South Africa. This represented a shift in paradigm from a transmission mode of teaching and learning to a learner-centred education. The shift marks a transformation from a content-based curriculum to an Outcomes Based Education (OBE). Various authors found that different sections in the Physical Science syllabus in South Africa are often misunderstood by students for different reasons. One of the reasons was that students had their own ideas about laws of nature and these (mis)conceptions were resistant to change. From the literature and from the author's personal experience it was found that Bodies in Motion is a topic that is difficult to conceptualise by students of different age groups. The challenge facing educators is how to tackle this issue. In this research project a diagnostic test is developed and used to identify the topics where students have conceptual problems. To address these problem areas further, concept sheets/work sheets where developed and implemented. The different challenges and tasks given in the work sheets/learning material are organised in such a way as to make the students aware of their own ideas about Bodies in Motion in general and the key-concepts in particular and also to make them aware of the ideas of their peers (group members). It was also aimed at offering the learners the scientific alternative to their own beliefs. At the end, it was discovered that, even though the general understanding of the learners has improved in this topic (namely, Bodies in Motion), their original beliefs were largely unaffected. It is the hope of the researcher that the project would be the basis for further research on the development of learning material in science.
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Tombs, George. "Paradise, the Apocalypse and science, the myth of an imminent technolgical Eden". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43963.pdf.
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Tombs, George 1956. "Paradise, the Apocalypse and science : the myth of an imminent technological Eden". Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20181.
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Scientistic authors in the latter half of the 19 th century and the early 20th century, such as Ernest Renan and H. G. Wells, discounted revealed religion. Yet they believed in the secular myth of an imminent technological Eden and they elevated science itself to the dignity of a religion. In so doing, they shaped bold visions of the future, drawing heavily on a millenary store of Western myth and metaphor. In historical terms, the myth of an imminent technological Eden represents a survival and a fusion of the ancient Greek myth of the Golden Age along with three Judeo-Christian myths: Biblical time, Earthly Paradise and the Apocalypse. Since the Enlightenment, the process of secularization has drained the religious content of such myths, although it does not deprive them of any of their deeply emotional force. This explains why the 19th century myth of an imminent technological Eden has considerable staying-power, in spite of the many events since 1945 which seem to discredit it.
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Strasen, Christian T. "A Postcard From the Future| Technology, Desire, and Myth in Contemporary Science Fiction". Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10013970.
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This thesis argues that modern, post-apocalyptic science fiction functions as a projected analysis of the author’s contemporary world. This insight is used to chart the historical trajectory of the spread of automaticity, the reduction of objects, and the loss of historical memory. The Introduction introduces readers to both the literary and critical histories of science fiction, contextualizing the worlds that George R. Stewart, Ursula K. Le Guin, and Margaret Atwood write in. Chapter One analyzes George R. Stewart’s 1949 novel Earth Abides, using it to demonstrate how the growing trend of automaticity leads toward a reduction of physical objects, and a misunderstanding of politics. Chapter Two uses Ursula K. Le Guin’s 1973 novel The Lathe of Heaven to reveal an acceleration of automaticity and reduction of objects though the manipulation of human desire. This, in turn, leads to a loss of historical memory via Herbert Marcuse’s concept of repressive desublimation. Chapter Three charts the effects that the advent of the virtual has had on automaticity and the manipulation of human desire through an engagement with Margaret Atwood’s 2003 novel Oryx and Crake.
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Davis, Robert Vernon. "The (Un)Settling of America: Science and the Search for the First Americans". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40268.
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The practice of science in the search for the First Americans is a flawed endeavor. Not only is science constrained by the shifting centers of cultural power external to science, but also by the institutions, elites, and cognitive values internal to science. Substantive disagreement over a cultural past is a reflection of unstabilized power relationships in the present. Although science traditionally is believed to speak truth to governmental power, federal law dictates that American Indian traditions hold an epistemological status equal to the methods of science when determining the cultural affiliation of, and access to, pre-European human remains. Consequently, discovery and examination of the most important First American artifacts occur only as a product of a negotiation between scientists and the very groups that frequently oppose them.
This is a case study of the practice of science in its search for the First Americans in this unstable environment. This dissertation deconstructs: (1) the conflicts between the methods of science and the traditional beliefs of modern American Indians; (2) the power struggles for primacy of place internal to the sciences themselves; and (3) the interactions with external authorities such as government agencies, the press, universities, and museums. It is an examination into how the issues have been defined and how differences in cultural myths, scientific theories, research methodologies and public policy remain unsettled in modern America. It is an investigation of the blurred boundaries between science and myth as well as between fact and theory that ultimately weaken the credibility of science as a cultural mechanism for interpreting the natural world. Finally, this dissertation concludes that the absence of a firm American cultural ground upon which to place an epistemological fulcrum has greatly contributed not only to the First American identity search remaining unresolved, but also to the instability of the very science which is conducting the search.Ph. D.
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Cauthen, Melvin Bruce Jr. "Confederate and Afrikaner nationalism : myth, identity, and gender in comparative perspective". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314191.
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This thesis provides a comparison of Confederate and Afrikaner nationalism - the latter during the period of the Boer Republics. Anthony D. Smith's "ethno-symbolic" approach to the study of ethnicity and nationalism - which emphasizes the importance of socio-cultural factors such as myths, symbols, and memories - is utilized to reveal the similarities between the two communities with regard to their respective struggles for political independence. The analysis focuses primarily on the myth of divine election, the dynamics of ethno-cultural identity, and the roles of women in the nationalist project. The first section demonstrates the influence of biblical fundamentalism on the evolution of Southern and Afrikaner identity. Through an increasingly profound identification with the ancient Hebrews of the Old Testament, both communities came to regard themselves as chosen peoples. In each case, the self-conception of "chosenness" electrified the struggle for ethno-political independence; and, it was indeed during wartime that the myth of divine election was most conspicuously manifested. The second part of the thesis explores the ways Confederates and Republican Boers defined themselves against white and black others - Northerners and African bondsmen in the American context, and the British and the indigenous peoples in the South African case. Both Confederates and Boers betrayed marked tendencies towards ethnocentrism and xenophobia and foreigners were held in particularly low esteem by the dominant groups in each society. Yet, Southerners and Afrikaners also often defined themselves against their own ethnic kinsmen. The final section considers the enthusiasm with which Southern and Afrikaans women subscribed to the nationalist project and the varied ways in which they established themselves as the uncompromising champions of radical ethno-political activism. Particular attention is paid to vigorous female support for the war-effort.
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Slodov, Dustin A. "Nostalgia and World of Warcraft myth and individual resistance /". Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1212088472.
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Jones, Hywel Tudor. "Revisionism, public ownership and political myth in the British Labour Party, 1951-1963". Thesis, Coventry University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262513.
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Stroman, Walter G. "The essential unity of the American African and the Palestinian Arab: myth or reality?" DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1991. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1699.
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The primary research question of this study is: Does a genuine congruence of circumstance and commonality of fundamental interests and goals exist between the American African community and that of the Palestinian Arab that would warrant and legitimate formal overtures for political unity, dialogue, and structured alliances of the two communities? The null hypothesis to be tested herein can be stated: A sufficient degree of homogeneity in the material condition and strategic interests/goals does not exist between the American-African community and the Palestinian Arab community to justify rationally a unified political relationship.
The research method employed used both the traditionalist and behavioralist approaches; that is, while establishing a number Of normative propositions supported by instances of non-quantified data (the nature and scheme of the data analysis permitted little purely quantitative relationships) the study's investigation and assessment emphasized the empirical aspects of the phenomenon, developing specific truth claims based upon measurable criteria and an identifiable conceptual framework. The specific research procedure and techniques relied upon the use of case study for the purposes of interpretative extrapolation and the collection and interpretation of secondary data. Information-retrieval, while quite extensive, was not exhaustive. However, the data gathered was sufficient to establish a verifiable conclusion.
Among the sources used in compiling the data were: (1) relevant professional literature (books and articles), (2) published interviews and surveys, and (3) the wide range of mass media communications. Content analysis was used to interpret symbolic material (e.g., references to "nationalist" rhetoric and objectives by major actors noted in the study).
The study's results agree with the null hypothesis; that is, despite some siimilarities between the two groups, the collective political direction, values, orientation, and long-term objective interests of the two communities, are wholly divergent, rendering any effort at political unification impractical at best.
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Stefan, Cako. "The Foundational Myth of Russia : Explicating the puzzle behind the foundational myth of Russia and the construction of its contemporary geopolitics". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Statsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39190.
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This dissertation examines the construction of the contemporary Russian geopolitics through the usage of the foundational myth, better known as the Third Rome myth and the center of true Christianity. This is achieved through the analysis of four famous speeches by President Vladimir Putin. These speeches cover the two regions of Ukraine and Georgia, the former being to an internal audience and the latter to a foreign audience. Accompanied with examining the foundational myth, this dissertation also deliberates on how it is being utilized by Putin. In his reconstruction of a new Russia, one that synthesizes the old ideas of greatness alongside the new set of geopolitics. The aims to fulfill are: Firstly, to broaden our understanding of the present and future Russian geopolitics. Secondly, through usage of the myth to develop our understanding of the new environment surrounding hybrid warfare. And especially politics, in form of soft power, that play a significant role where insight can help prevent future conflicts. The method of analysis is of qualitative nature. Speech act by Austin and Searle is employed in order to gain an overview and enable the construction of semiotic squares, that in turn facilitate the actantial models by Greimas.
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Nelson, Kristen Marie. "EVALUATING THE MYTH OF ALLELOPATHY IN CALIFORNIA BLUE GUM PLANTATIONS". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1643.
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It is widely accepted that allelopathy is not only significant, but more or less singular, in the inhibition of understory vegetation in California Eucalyptus globulus (blue gum) plantations. However, there is no published documentation of allelopathy by blue gums against California native species. Here, we present evidence that germination and early seedling growth of five California native species are not inhibited by chemical extracts of blue gum foliage, either at naturally-occurring or artificially concentrated levels. In the greenhouse, seeds were germinated in field-collected soil from mature blue gum plantations and the adjacent native, coastal scrub communities. In petri plates, seeds of native species were germinated in the presence of concentrated volatile and water-soluble compounds from fresh foliage of blue gum, coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) as a negative control, or white sage (Salvia apiana) as a positive control, or in a water control. In the greenhouse, blue gum soil supported germination and early seedling growth of native species equal to or better than coastal scrub soil. In the lab, germination of native species was not inhibited when grown in the presence of volatile compounds from blue gum foliage, compared to the native control (coast live oak) or the neutral water control. Germination of three out of five native species tested was not inhibited in the presence of water-soluble compounds from blue gum foliage, compared to coast live oak or the water control. Our results contradict the long-standing paradigm that blue gums are toxic to California natives, which may have significant implications for management and restoration of land historically occupied by blue gum plantations.
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Johnson, Stephanie Feil. "Event Centrality: Debunking the “Bad Science” Myth That Self-reported Posttraumatic Growth Does Not Reflect Positive Change". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149614/.
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Despite strong evidence supporting the existence of posttraumatic growth (PTG), some investigators question whether the construct measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) is that of perceived growth or “actual” growth. In a replication of a recent investigation, the present study sought to refine the methodology used by employing the construct of event centrality. Due to its limited sample size, the results of this analysis did not provide strong evidence in support of the hypothesis that limiting analyses to individuals rating their trauma as high in event centrality improves the ability of the PTGI to reflect “actual” growth. However, results did support the idea that investigations of PTG conducted immediately following a trauma may be more reflective of a coping process, rather than growth. Further research is warranted to investigate the role of event centrality in posttraumatic growth, and the effect of time on the progression of growth following trauma.
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Smith, Laurel Ann. "Joseph Campbell's Functions of Myth in Science Fiction: A Modern Mythology and the Historical and Ahistorical Duality of Time". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25350.
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This document explores the relationships between science fiction and mythology, utilizing the theories of Joseph Campbell and Carl Jung in particular. Conclusions are then drawn that argue that science fiction performs the same functions as mythology in the modern world. The author provides examples of these functions being performed in science fiction by analyzing two novels: The Forest of Hands and Teeth, and Stranger in a Strange Land. Finally, the document explores the narratives' uses of time in historical and ahistorical modes as a vehicle for its functions, and argues that the various uses of time are key to science fiction acting as modern mythology.Master of Arts
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Helland, Christopher. "Science and the sacred : new technologies within new religions : a reaction to secularization and a reinterpretation of myth". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0021/MQ43609.pdf.
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Sigrist, Vanina Carrara 1982. "Literatura e ciência em Italo Calvino = o mito Qfwfq = Literature and science in Italo Calvino: the myth Qfwfq". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270082.
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Orientador: Maria Betânia AmorosoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Italo Calvino, questionando-se sobre novas necessidades impostas pelo enfraquecimento de diversos paradigmas conceituais e metodológicos das áreas exatas e humanas do conhecimento, dedicou-se intensamente como editor, crítico e ficcionista à leitura de incontáveis textos científicos e literários, com a mesma postura de curiosidade e de disciplina crítica, principalmente a partir dos anos 1960. Assim, ele desfez a visão cristalizada de que a literatura seria território exclusivo da expressão da subjetividade do autor em contato com o mundo, e de que a ciência se basearia unicamente em procedimentos de precisão e rigor, transmitidos por uma linguagem também exata. Aproximou por diversas vezes literatura e ciência, pensando-as como um híbrido de padrões e de exceções, de regras e de descumprimento das regras. Seu importante ensaio "Cibernética e fantasmas", de 1967, funcionou na pesquisa como núcleo argumentativo potencial para todo o percurso traçado pelas dezenas de textos seus, uma vez que nele são apresentados todos os elementos mínimos da discussão: o caráter combinatório-científico da literatura, o autor literário como máquina da escrita, a extrapolação da linguagem pela literatura como seu valor mítico e o leitor como fantasma responsável pela efetivação desse mito. Projetando esses elementos sobre uma seleção ensaística do período de 1965 a 1985, constata-se que as principais ciências que teriam contribuído para sua obra foram a cibernética, a antropologia, a etnologia, a matemática e a astronomia, concebidas em extrema mobilidade, sem rígidas fronteiras entre si. O escritor, recusando a estética naturalista-realista e a perspectiva antropocêntrica que a sustentaria, privilegiou teorias estruturalistas e semiológicas, a ideia do humano como uma dentre várias formas de vida, os modelos narrativos das culturas primitivas indígenas e ocidentais, a matematização dos procedimentos literários e a progressiva indistinção entre mundo escrito e mundo nãoescrito. Como crítico, entretanto, Calvino tendeu a explorar as afinidades entre literatura e ciência mais do que as especificidades de cada uma, incorrendo em uma postura interpretativa essencialmente estruturalista, abandonando, em certa medida, a noção de mito apresentada em "Cibernética e fantasmas" como momento determinante da linguagem literária. Foi com o objetivo de tentar reencontrar as especificidades literárias em seu discurso que lemos As Cosmicômicas (1965), um projeto de narrar o cosmo que alia ciência e literatura, máquina e humor, mostrando que tais elementos se misturam indefinidamente
Abstract: Italo Calvino, concerned about new demands due to the dissolution of some conceptual and methodological paradigms used in exact and humanistic areas of knowledge, mainly from the 1960's on, had been intensely dedicated as an editor, a critic and a fiction writer to reading several scientific and literary texts, with the same attitude of curiosity and critical discipline. He undid a traditional point of view which used to consider literature pure expression of an author's subjectivity in front of the world, and to consider science exclusively as a set of precise and rigorous procedures, demonstrated through a language also exact. He put literature and science side by side many times, taking them as a hybrid of standards and exceptions, rules and contraventions. His important essay "Cybernetics and ghosts", dating 1967, served in this research as a potential argumentative core for the entire path through dozens of his writings, because in this text all the basic elements of the discussion are presented: the combinatory-scientific nature of literature, the literary author as a writing machine, the explosion of language due to its mythic value and the reader as a ghost responsible for the effectiveness of this myth. Projecting these elements upon a selection of essays from 1965 to 1985, we can see that the main sciences that would have contributed for his writings were cybernetics, anthropology, ethnology, mathematics and astronomy, conceived in extreme mobility, with no clear boundaries among them. Refusing the naturalistic-realistic aesthetics and its anthropocentric perspective, the writer privileged structuralist and semiologic theories, the idea of human as one of several forms of life, narrative models from indigenous and western primitive cultures, the mathematization of literary procedures and the progressive indistinction between written and non-written world. But as a critic Calvino tended to explore the affinities between literature and science, more than the particularities of each one, reaching a way of reading essentially structuralist and leaving behind, in a certain way, the notion of the myth presented in "Cybernetics and ghosts" as an essential moment of literary language. It was with the purpose of trying to find again literary particularities in his speech that we read Cosmicomics (1965), a project of narrating cosmos which associates science and literature, machine and humor, showing that such elements get melted indefinitely
Doutorado
Teoria e Critica Literaria
Doutora em Teoria e História Literária
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Pearce, Cathryn Jean. ""So barabarous a practice" : Cornish wrecking, ca. 1700-1860, and its survival as popular myth". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2007. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8536/.
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The popular myth of Cornish wrecking is well-known within British culture, but there has not been a comprehensive, systematic inquiry to separate out the layers of the myth from the actual practices. This study rectifies this omission by examining wrecking activity as reported in popular sources and traditional tales; deconstructing the most widely believed elements; illuminating the complexity of the practices; and investigating the process of myth-making which sustained the image of the wrecker in popular consciousness. It suggests that violent wrecking was not nearly as widespread and invidious as popular histories allow. The coastal populace had their own popular morality, including the use of mediation and constraint, which allowed them to practise wrecking, salvage, and lifesaving activities simultaneously. They did not condone all forms of wrecking; thus it cannot be deemed a 'social crime'. Wreckers did not escape conviction because of local resistance to centralised authority, but as a result of the complex legal practices of discretion that were incorporated into the eighteenth century English criminal justice system. The role of the lord of the manor was also more complex; their relationship with the coastal populace was based on reciprocity as well as antagonism. However, the tightening of governmental control and increasing bureaucratisation in the Victorian period resulted in the loss of customary wreck rights for both the coastal inhabitants and the local elites. At the same time, the press and pulpit were the primary conduits for establishing and popularising the wrecker stereotype through symbolic violence and moral panics. The stereotype became reflexive, touted as an accurate description in Victorian histories, and thus burying the reality of wrecking under accretions of moralising discourse. Therefore, the process of historical 'beach combing' across the disciplinary boundaries has revealed wrecking as a multi-faceted, sophisticated cultural practice and cultural construct.
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Torterat, Benjamin. "Le mythe entre domination et émancipation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0047.
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Notre étude se penche sur l'histoire et la signification du mot mythe, dans ses acceptions philosophiques, esthétiques, politiques et anthropologiques, avec pour question centrale : le mythe est-il réductible à la domination ? Nous tentons de procéder à une réévaluation du terme qui nous amène à discuter les postulats de la « science du mythe », les postulats de Platon, mais aussi de Marx. Nous analysons pourquoi et comment le mot mythe est devenu au cours du XX ème siècle synonyme de domination (fasciste, capitaliste, patriarcale, etc). Nous tentons de montrer ensuite qu'existent des conceptions du mot mythe différentes, et une tradition poétique qui nous permet de penser le mythe du côté de l'émancipation. Enfin, il nous fallait voir le lien qu'entretenait le mythe avec le rêve, et comment celui-ci peut être pensé en lien avec la question de l'émancipationWe are working on the history and meaning of the word myth, in its philosophical, aesthetic, political and anthropological meanings, with the question: is myth reducible to domination ? We attempt to carry out a re-evaluation of the term which leads us to discuss the postulates of the "science of myth", the postulates of Plato, but also of Marx. We analyze why and how the word myth became synonymous of domination (fascist, capitalist, patriarchal, etc.) during the 20th century. We then try to show that different conceptions of the word myth exist, and a poetic tradition which allows us to think of myth from the side of emancipation. Finally, we want to see the link between the myth and the dream, and how it can be thought of in connection with the question of emancipation
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Reardon, Nancy E. "The Myth of Anti-Catholicism: A Defense of The Boston Globe". Thesis, Boston College, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/472.
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Thesis advisor: Thomas F. MulvoyThe Boston Globe has had an unfair reputation as an anti-Catholic newspaper since the 1970s, but the claim surfaced with new vigor in response to the newspaper's coverage of the sex abuse scandal in the Catholic Church in 2002. The accusations stems from three misconceptions: (1) that the Globe is a remnant of Protestant power in Boston; (2) that the Globe seeks to antagonize the Catholic Church with its liberal social positions; and (3) that the Globe intentionally sensationalized its coverage in 2002 and essentially mounted a media attack on a defenseless archdiocese. The idea that the Globe holds a longstanding gripe against the Catholic Church is completely false. Through a historical account of anti-Catholicism and journalism in Boston and an analysis of the Globe's 2002 coverage, this work shows that (1) the Globe was the first Boston paper to appeal to the interests of the Irish Catholic population and has maintained a consistent policy of fairness since the 1870s; (2) the Globe's liberal editorial stances are formed without consideration for Church positions; and (3) the coverage of the sex abuse scandal in 2002 was the product of fair and balanced reporting, with the antagonism originating from the archdiocese
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
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Rector, Ann Mansfield. "Gleams of Godlight in the trilogy a study of myth and doctrine in the science fiction of C.S. Lewis /". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1985. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1985.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2846. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [103]-106).
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Gurbin, Jennifer. "(Mis)placing race: Deconstructing myth in televised advertisements for three child sponsorship organizations". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27766.
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Direct Response Television (DRTV) programming for child sponsorship is an extremely effective form of fundraising in Canada. However, it also proves to be one way in which racialized knowledge is being reproduced. This project deconstructs the DRTV for three child-sponsorship NGOs: World Vision Canada, Plan Canada, and Christian Children's Fund. What the analysis reveals is a type of advertising dependent on antiquated dynamics of colonial dominance between Canada and Africa. This project also explores the reasons for its success despite Canada's anti-racist rhetoric. Drawing from the works of Roland Barthes, Pierre Bourdieu, Fances Henry and Carol Tator, and others, this study draws conclusions about the cultural identity of the Canadian mainstream, and proposes critical consumption and the questioning of sociocultural norms as a way forward.
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McCarthy, Rebecca Leah. "Perfection: United Goal or Divisive Myth? A look into the concept of posthumanism and its theoretical outcomes in science fiction". OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1311.
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As science races to keep up with science fiction, many scientists are beginning to believe that the next step in human evolution will be a combination of human and machine and look a lot like something out of Star Trek. The constant pursuit of perfection is a part of the human condition, but if we begin to stretch beyond the natural human form can we still consider ourselves human? Transhumanism and posthumanism are only theories for now, but they are theories that threaten to permanently displace the human race, possibly pushing it into extinction. This thesis will look at the theories of transhumanism and posthumanism through the lens of science fiction and ask the question of whether or not technology holds the key to humanities next evolutionary step or its demise.
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Smith, David R. "Nathanael Greene and the Myth of the Valiant Few". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062831/.
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Nathan Greene is the Revolutionary Warfare general most associated with unconventional warfare. The historiography of the southern campaign of the revolution uniformly agrees he was a guerrilla leader. Best evidence shows, however, that Nathanael Greene was completely conventional -- that his strategy, operations, tactics, and logistics all strongly resembled that of Washington in the northern theater and of the British commanders against whom he fought in the south. By establishing that Greene was within the mainstream of eighteenth-century military science this dissertation also challenges the prevailing historiography of the American Revolution in general, especially its military aspects. The historiography overwhelmingly argues the myth of the valiant few -- the notion that a minority of colonists persuaded an apathetic majority to follow them in overthrowing the royal government, eking out an improbable victory. Broad and thorough research indicates the Patriot faction in the American Revolution was a clear majority not only throughout the colonies but in each individual colony. Far from the miraculous victory current historiography postulates, American independence was based on the most prosaic of principles -- manpower advantage.
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Parker, Paulette Ann. "Communitarianism, Liberal Individualism, and the Myth of Antecedence: A Democratic Perspective on the Citizenship Debate between Liberal Individualists and Communitarians". W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625990.
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Silva, Samuel de Sousa. "O olhar que distorce o tempo e o espaço: mitocrítica do discurso científico na teoria da relatividade". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4014.
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In this research, we observed how the scientific discourse, in this case the theory of relativity, was established as a persuasive discourse that posits not only truths about the workings of the cosmos, but states, above all, to himself as "the discourse of truth ". We demonstrate that the structure of persuasive discourse corresponds to the structure of mythic discourse and, therefore, the scientific discourse of Relativity Theory consists of a myth that structure. In this research, we reread the fundamental concepts of the theory of relativity, namely the concepts of time and space, and how the exaltation of the figure of the observer puts it, in the sphere of natural science, philosophical questions that mirror the human anguish. Thus, the scientific discourse of the Theory of Relativit y is guided by the same motivational guidelines of the mythic discourse. We postulate that science, as the myth, are speeches own of the curious mindset developed by mankind seeking to satisfy their need for knowledge, creating methodologies and epistemologies able to produce them. Thus, both the mythical and the scientific discourse are answers to this mentality own of homo sapiens and therefore, have the function of providing satisfaction to such subject of the knowledge own of the human being. We demonstrate that the theory of relativity is philosophically about the themes of the time determinations about the man and the struggle of this man against time and death . And that the discourse of the theory of relativity has as structure deep the mythologem of the myth of Zeus, and therefore it is an update to the demands and conditions of current truth of the myth of Zeus as a representation of the man who wins the time and is established as the center of the universe.
Nessa pesquisa, observamos como o discurso científico, nesse caso a Teoria da Relatividade, constituiu-se como um discurso persuasivo que postula não só verdades a respeito dos mecanismos de funcionamento do cosmos, mas afirma, acima de tudo, a si mesmo como ―o discurso‖ da verdade. Procuramos demonstrar que a estrutura persuasiva desse discurso corresponde à estrutura do discurso mítico e que, portanto, o discurso científico da Teoria da Relatividade é constituído por um mito diretivo. Nessa pesquisa, relemos os conceitos fundamentais da Teoria da Relatividade, sendo eles os conceitos de tempo e espaço, e como que o enaltecimento da figura do observador coloca, na esfera das ciências da natureza, as questões filosóficas que espelham as angústias humanas. Sendo assim, o discurso científico da Teoria da Relatividade se orienta pelas mesmas diretrizes motivacionais do discurso mítico. Postulamos que a ciência , assim como o mito, são discursos próprios de uma mentalidade curiosa desenvolvida pela espécie humana que busca satisfazer sua necessidade de conhecimento criando metodologias e epistemologias capazes de produzi-los. Dessa forma, tanto o discurso mítico quanto o discurso científico são respostas a essa mentalidade própria do homo sapiens e, portanto, desempenham a mesma função de prover satisfação a esse sujeito do conhecimento próprio do ser humano. Demonstramos que a teoria da relatividade filosoficamente trata dos temas das determinações do tempo sobre o homem e da luta desse homem contra o tempo e a morte. E que o discurso da teoria da relatividade tem como estrutura profunda o mesmo mitologema do mito de Zeus, e portanto, ele é uma atualização para as demandas e condições de verdade atuais do mito de Zeus como representação do homem que vence o tempo e se instaura como o centro do universo.
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Ahall, Linda Terese. "Heroines, monsters, victims : representations of female agency in political violence and the myth of motherhood". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1727/.
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By using a poststructuralist feminist perspective, this thesis argues that representations of female agency in political violence are told as stories of heroines, monsters and victims through a Myth of Motherhood. I conceptualise the myth as a meta-discourse constituted by different discourses within each type of story. In all stories, a tension between identities of life-giving and life-taking is present which means that motherhood is ‘everywhere’ albeit not necessarily visible. Thus, these stories are versions, perversions and inversions of motherhood. In heroine stories, this takes place as the subject’s heroism is communicated through motherhood/lack of motherhood. In monster stories, the myth is communicated as ‘natural’ femininity is emphasised and defined as that which the monster is not. In victim stories, female subjects are denied agency which means that a life-taking identity is removed whereas a life-giving identity is promoted communicating the Myth of Motherhood. I argue that motherhood is not simply a discourse denying women agency in political violence, but also instrumental as to how agency in political violence is enabled. As such motherhood is ‘everywhere’ in representations of female agency in political violence and fundamental in order to understand how representations of female agency in political violence are gendered.
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Garubba, Keith. "Art/Science and a Blended Inquiry". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405436323.
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Lawson, Michael David. "Children of a One-Eyed God: Impairment in the Myth and Memory of Medieval Scandinavia". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3538.
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Using the lives of impaired individuals catalogued in the Íslendingasögur as a narrative framework, this study examines medieval Scandinavian social views regarding impairment from the ninth to the thirteenth century. Beginning with the myths and legends of the eddic poetry and prose of Iceland, it investigates impairment in Norse pre-Christian belief; demonstrating how myth and memory informed medieval conceptualizations of the body. This thesis counters scholarly assumptions that the impaired were universally marginalized across medieval Europe. It argues that bodily difference, in the Norse world, was only viewed as a limitation when it prevented an individual from fulfilling roles that contributed to their community. As Christianity’s influence spread and northern European powers became more focused on state-building aims, Scandinavian societies also slowly began to transform. Less importance was placed on the community in favor of the individual and policies regarding bodily difference likewise changed; becoming less inclusive toward the impaired.
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Florentino, Harlei Alberto. "Uma análise das concepções sobre ciência, biodiversidade e desenvolvimento sustentável presentes no discurso de um programa televisivo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-01072008-145227/.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as concepções sobre ciência, biodiversidade e desenvolvimento sustentável presentes no discurso de um programa do Globo Repórter intitulado Parque do Tumucumaque, que trata de uma expedição científica ao Parque localizado no Amapá. A abordagem das referidas concepções é realizada por meio de algumas questões direcionadoras: Qual a relação entre o conhecimento científico e o não científico? Quais os mitos que embasam a abordagem da biodiversidade? Quais os mitos que embasam a abordagem do desenvolvimento sustentável? A ciência é apresentada de forma a corroborar as concepções sobre biodiversidade e desenvolvimento sustentável sugeridas no programa? Tais concepções sobre esses temas se aproximam mais da visão disseminada pelos países desenvolvidos e grupos dominantes, baseadas de forma geral, no pensamento neoliberal e no mainstream econômico, ou se aproximam mais dos grupos dissidentes que se preocupam com a pluralidade cultural e com a organização de fóruns sociais? A fundamentação teórica é oriunda da filosofia e da sociologia incluindo autores que não necessariamente concordam entre si. Alguns exemplos são: Adorno, Bakhtin, Barthes, Habermas, Foucault, Ellias, Bauman, Giddens, Boaventura, Rorty, Berlin, Chalmers, Lyotard, Cassirer, Rouanet, Cambi, Castells. O método utilizado é de cunho qualitativo em que três características são básicas: visão holística, abordagem indutiva e investigação naturalística. A teoria é fundamental para dar sustentação e validade ao estudo por atribuir significados aos dados. A análise demonstrou que o discurso do programa é polifônico, pois ecoa vozes contraditórias, ao mesmo tempo em que reforça as vozes dos grupos dominantes que disseminam o neoliberalismo e o primado da ciência sobre outras formas de produção do conhecimento. Considerando o aspecto educativo da televisão, e o esvaziamento do monopólio educativo da escola, é importante valorizar a capacidade do \"distanciamento\" tão necessária para a percepção do que está por trás das aparências, do que é mitificado e apresentado como verdade indiscutível. Na era da comunicação e da sociedade de risco, em que os problemas são globais e os discursos se entrelaçam de forma a obscurecer fronteiras claramente definidas, a escola deve repensar o seu papelThe current work aims to analyze the conceptions of science, biodiversity and sustainable development present in the speech of one episode of the television program \"Globo Reporter\" entitled \"Tumucumaque Park\", which portrays a scientific expedition to this Park, located at the Brazilian State of Amapá. The approach used to analyze these conceptions is based on some guiding questions: what is the relationship between scientific and non-scientific knowledge? Which are the myths underlying the biodiversity approach? Which are the myths that support the idea of sustainable development? Is science presented so as to corroborate the conceptions of biodiversity and sustainable development suggested in the program? Do the conceptions underlying these issues resembles more the approaches adopted by developed countries and dominant groups, based generally on the neoliberal thinking and economic mainstream, or do they resemble more closely the ideas of dissident groups that are concerned with the cultural plurality and with the organization of social forums? The theoretical foundation of the work comes from philosophy and sociology, including authors who do not necessarily share the same views. Some examples are: Adorno, Bakhtin, Barthes, Habermas, Foucault, Ellias, Bauman, Giddens, Boaventura, Rorty, Berlin, Chalmers, Lyotard, Cassirer, Rouanet, Cambi, Castells. The method applied is of a qualitative nature, in which three features are basic: holistic vision, intuitive approach and naturalistic research. The theory is fundamental to provide support and validation to the study by attributing meaning to the data. The analysis showed that the discourse of the program is polyphonic, because it echoes contradictory voices, while reinforcing the voices of the dominant groups that disseminate the neoliberalism and the primacy of science over other forms of knowledge. Considering the educational aspect of the television, and the progressively decreasing monopolistic role of the school, it is important to value the capacity of \"widening the gap\" so needed for the perception of what is behind the appearances, of what is mythized and presented as undisputable truth. In the age of communication and of a society based on risk, in which the problems are global and the discourses are intertwined so to obscure clearly defined boundaries, schools must rethink their role.
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Miser, Martha Freymann. "The Myth of Endless Accumulation: A Feminist Inquiry Into Globalization, Growth, and Social Change". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1317997334.
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Puyôou, Bianca. "Pygmalion, un mythe génésiaque. Conceptions et représentations du pouvoir créateur". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040215.
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Ce travail herméneutique interdisciplinaire où littérature et philosophie intimement s’entremêlent et dialoguent avec les sciences dites dures, s’est tout d’abord employé à définir la notion de mythe comme type de récit littéraire illustrant une prise de position quant à une question métaphysique et a révélé le récit ovidien de Pygmalion comme un mythe génésiaque au cœur duquel se trouve l’homme. Cheminant du XVIIIe au XXe siècle au fil de l’histoire des idées européennes, il s’est ensuite arrêté sur les différentes productions littéraires allemandes, françaises et italiennes réinvestissant le mythe à la lumière de la problématique dégagée du texte mère : celle de l’ampleur du pouvoir créateur de l’homme, afin d’en extraire les caractéristiques communes. Dans leur traitement de l’eros et de l’art, ces dernières posent un rapport à autrui et au monde orienté vers une dynamique de création se réalisant à travers un processus analogue, reposant sur les représentations ainsi que l’implication et les dispositions mentales et personnelles du sujet, l’extase, la volonté et la foi. Forts de leurs enseignements et de ce constat, il s’est à son tour emparé de cette question à travers l’élaboration d’un mythologisme anthroposophique convoquant des découvertes ayant eu lieu au XXIe siècle dans le domaine des neurosciences, de la physiologie, de la sémiostylistique, de l’éthique et de l’esthétique. Ce système de pensée, dans une quête de compréhension de ce processus créatif, a mené à la redéfinition d’un Homme alors compris comme essentiellement mû par un instinct représentationnel, un mouvement plasmateur, évoluant entre Créativité, Plaisir et Beauté, à travers l’exercice duquel il réalise sa LibertéThis hermeneutic interdisciplinary work, where literature and philosophy are tightly intertwined and converse with the so-called hard sciences, first proceeds to define the notion of myth as a literary type of story that illustrates a stance on a metaphysical question. It reveals Ovid’s story of Pygmalion as a genesiac myth in which mankind is at the heart. Progressing from the XVIIIe to the XXe century along the history of European ideas, it then halts at the French, German and Italian literary works that revisit the myth, in light of the question drawn from the source text – that of the extent of Man’s creative power – in order to extract the common characteristics. In their study of Art and Eros, they present a relationship to the world and to the others that is directed toward a dynamic of creation that is realized through a similar process based on the representations along with the mental and personal implication and dispositions of the subject, ecstasy, will and faith. In turn, drawing on their lessons and this observation, this work eventually answers this question by elaborating an anthroposophical mythologism that call upon XXIe century discoveries in neurosciences, physiology, semiostylistic, esthetic and ethic. This system, in its quest of understanding this creative process, has led to the redefinition of a Man essentially led by a representational instinct, a creative gesture, moving from Creativity, to Pleasure and Beauty, by which he achieves his Freedom
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Cristofari, Cécile. "Cosmogonies imaginaires : les mondes secondaires dans la science-fiction et la fantasy anglophones, de 1929 à nos jours". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3030.
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J'ai voulu étudier un phénomène qui sous-tend l'écriture de la littérature spéculative (science-fiction et fantasy) aujourd'hui : la création d'un « monde secondaire », selon l'expression de J.R.R. Tolkien. Deux problèmes se posaient de prime abord. Premièrement, l'ensemble culturel et éditorial que recouvre l'expression « littérature spéculative » est relativement flou, du fait des problèmes de délimitation des genres et de la problématique culturelle plus générale (la littérature spéculative est-elle définie par des motifs littéraires, ou par l'appareil culturel qui l'entoure ?). Deuxièmement, un « monde secondaire » est-il uniquement un univers inventé entièrement différent ou détaché du monde réel, ou peut-il recouper le monde réel, etc. ? La littérature spéculative étant un genre foisonnant et en pleine évolution, j'ai pris le parti de ne pas donner de réponses définitives. Plutôt que de tenter de tracer des frontières, j'ai cherché à mettre en évidence les différents éléments dont se constituent les mondes secondaires : les traditions du genre sur lesquels les auteurs s'appuient pour transmettre la vision d'un univers original à leurs lecteurs, entre mise en avant de l'originalité et utilisation d'éléments connus comme soubassement, ainsi que la vision particulière de l'histoire, de la géographie et de la place de l'humanité dans le monde que les auteurs développent. Cette réflexion se veut située à la fois en amont et en aval de l'acte d'écriture. Elle se conclut sur les questions qui se posent aux auteurs contemporains : questions de renouvellement du genre, ou d'ouverture sur les autres médias, en particulier ceux que pratiquent les amateursI endeavoured to study a phenomenon underlying contemporary speculative fiction (science fiction and fantasy): the creation of a ‘secondary world', to use J.R.R. Tolkien's phrasing. I had to solve two preliminary problems. First, the cultural and economic phenomenon that speculative fiction represents has a blurry outline, questions regarding genre delimitation and wider cultural problems (is speculative fiction defined only by a number of literary patterns, or by the whole cultural apparatus that goes with it?) being difficult to answer. Secondly, does the notion secondary worlds only apply to invented worlds that are entirely different or detached from the real world, or can it be applied to texts that take place at least partly in the real world, etc.? Speculative fiction being a diverse genre that has been steadily evolving for years, I have chosen to avoid giving definitive answers to those questions. Instead of looking for boundaries, I have tried to emphasise the various building blocks of secondary worlds in speculative fiction: the traditions of the genre authors rely on to convey their view of an original universe to their readers, in a dialogue between known elements used as a foundation and the idiosyncratic view of history, geography and the place of mankind in the particular secondary world developed by the author. In an attempt to open this study to the contemporary practice of world-building, I have concluded with the questions that speculative fiction authors face today: how to renew the tropes of the genre, how speculative fiction pervades other media, in particular the practices of fans
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Rafati, Tofan. "A Machine for Imagination". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35729.
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It began with the question, â What if the Modern Man was successful in his dominion over nature?â
By means of Architecture this thesis became a speculation and commentary on the human condition. But, more than that, this is a story that tells the evolution and outcome of a series of questions and inquiries into the relationship between Architecture, art and the mythopoetic-narrative realm.
Master of Architecture
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Smith, Cynthia Anne Miller. "Walter M. Miller, Jr.'s A canticle for Leibowitz a study of apocalyptic cycles, religion and science, religious ethics and secular ethics, sin and redemption, and myth and preternatural innocence /". unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04272006-144149/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Reiner Smolinski, committee chair; Victor A. Kramer, Christopher Kocela, committee members. Electronic text (79 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 9, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79).
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Smith, Cynthia M. "Walter M. Miller, Jr.’s A Canticle for Leibowitz: A Study of Apocalyptic Cycles, Religion and Science, Religious Ethics and Secular Ethics, Sin and Redemption, and Myth and Preternatural Innocence". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/10.
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Walter M. Miller, Jr.’s A Canticle for Leibowitz is a timeless story about apocalyptic cycles, conflicts and similarities between religion and science, religious ethics and secular ethics, sin and redemption, myth and preternatural innocence. Canticle is a very religious story about a monastery dedicated to preserving scientific knowledge from the time before nuclear war which devastated the world and reduced humanity to a pre-technological civilization. The Catholic Church and this monastery are portrayed as a bastion of civilization amidst barbarians and a light of faith amidst atheism. Unfortunately, humanity destroys the Earth once again, but Miller ends with two beacons of hope: a starship headed for the unknown to help humanity begin again and the preternaturally innocent Rachel who portends a future for similarly innocent human beings repopulating the Earth. Thus, faith ultimately triumphs over atheism even in the midst of almost total catastrophe.
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Marin, Hebe Tocci [UNESP]. "A sacralização da ciência em Deuses Americanos, de Neil Gaiman". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141511.
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Abordar a ciência e as mudanças científico-tecnológicas na literatura é uma prática que acompanha a humanidade e sua evolução desde o princípio. Dessa prática surge a Ficção Científica (FC), um dos muitos ramos da rica literatura gótica. Na nossa sociedade, que faz uso constante e cada vez maior da tecnologia e seus gadgets, porém, muitas das mudanças imaginadas pelos autores de FC, sendo elas fantásticas ou verossímeis, já foram alcançadas e, desta maneira, o gênero foi compelido a buscar novos temas e abordagens. À beira de uma revolução na FC, o autor inglês Neil Gaiman cria em sua obra Deuses Americanos (2001) um novo tipo de ciência: uma ciência sacralizada, “deusificada”. No romance, deuses de culturas e religiões antigas devem conviver com e sobreviver a novos deuses emergentes – os deuses da mídia, dos carros e dos computadores, entre outros. As duas gerações de deuses disputam a fé da humanidade, o que os alimenta, e nesse processo, muitos desses deuses evoluem, involuem ou até mesmo morrem. A FC criada por Neil Gaiman retorna ao mito para explicar o desconhecido e torna-se então uma espécie de FC “reversa”. Este trabalho propõe um debate sobre essa nova face da FC, com base nas teorias de Fred Botting, Mircea Elíade, Robert Adams e Sigmund Freud, entre outros.
Approaching science and technoscientific changes in literature has been done by humanity since the beginning and has evolved alongside with history. From this practice derives Science Fiction (SF), one of the many branches of gothic literature. In our society, which makes constant and increasing use of technology and gadgets, however, many changes imagined by SF authors, either fantastic or verisimilar, have already been reached and so the literary genre was compelled to search for new themes and approaches. On the brink of a revolution in SF, British author Neil Gaiman creates in his masterpiece, American Gods (2001), a new type of science: a sacralized and “godfied” science. In the novel, gods from different cultures and ancient religions must live with and survive to new emergent gods – gods of the media, of cars and computers, among others. Both generations of gods fight over what feeds them – the faith of mankind – and during this process, many of these gods evolve, devolve or even perish. The SF created by Neil Gaiman returns to the myth as an explanation to the unknown and becomes then a kind of “reverse” SF. This work proposes a debate on this new face of SF, based on the theories of Fred Botting, Mircea Elíade, Robert Adams and Sigmund Freud, among others.
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Abbott, William Thomas. "White Knowledge and the Cauldron of Story: The Use of Allusion in Terry Pratchett's Discworld". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/630.
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In the last twenty years, Terry Pratchett's Discworld series has become very popular. Pratchett's success hinges in part on his use of allusion, in what Tolkien called the "Cauldron of Story," and what Pratchett refers to as "white knowledge." This paper explores the Discworld novels and illustrates Pratchett's use and success of storytelling through a few key directions: folk tales, fantasy literature, movies, and rock music.
Pratchett has received limited critical review, mostly of a negative nature, while producing a strong literary series, one crafted with both obvious and subtle recognition of his genre's sources. While standing on the shoulders of giants, Pratchett both respects and scrutinizes the myths and stories that construct our reality. Critically, Pratchett's fiction deserves more respect and closer study; this paper attempts to give him his due.
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Imber, Thomas. "Poétique des mondes mythographiques : essai sur la bande dessinée de science-fiction et ses super-héros". Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030143.
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Cette étude de la littérature transautoriale (récits traités par plusieurs auteurs), notamment la mythologie gréco-romaine et les comics américains de super-héros, est centrée autour des mondes fictionnels. L’étude comporte une analyse des structures et des contraintes narratives spécifiques aux œuvres traitant de récits ou de personnages hérités d’un auteur antérieur, et de la tendance à remplir le temps mytho-historique d’une tradition. Des questions de temporalité, séquentialité, et simultanéité sont abordées. Le rôle que joue la relation entre un monde fictif et le monde empirique dans la définition des genres est mis à l’étude, ainsi que les concepts de mondes parallèles et de divergence historique. Les trois principales littératures étudiées — la mythologie antique, la science-fiction et les comics de super-héros — sont par ailleurs mises dans leur perspective historiqueThis study of transauthorial literature (stories which are treated by more than one author (namely, Greek and Roman mythology and American super-hero comics) focuses on fictional worlds. It analyzes both the reception of established myth, determining the narrative structures and constraints which arise from the use of pre-existing fictional worlds and characters, and the tendancy towards the completeness of the ‘mythico-historic’ time of a given tradition. Questions of temporality, sequentiality, and simultaneity are addressed. There is an examination of the relation between a fictional world and the empirical world in determining genres, and the ideas of parallel worlds and historical divergence are examined as well. Historical perspectives of the three primary literatures studied (ancient mythology, science fiction, and superhero comics) are offered
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Gaffo, Leandro. "De Ulisses a Frankenstein ou do confronto com a natureza exterior a dominação da natureza interior". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1810.
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From a comparative analysis between fiction characteres Odisseos, from Homer and Victor Frankenstein from Mary Shelley seeks to stablish relations around the human racionality and its respective interdition and rampant. Thus to reach the concepts as perfectibility, simulation, simulacrum, science, idolatry, reason, myth, astuteness and belief, from na instrumental getted from the philosophy of science, literary critic, psychoanalysis , mitology, hermeneuthic myths and religion theory. We also use contemporary examples that we can notice repercussions of relations as the science fiction and the ecological discurse
A partir de uma análise comparativa entre os personagens ficcionais Odisseu de Homero e Victor Frankenstein de Mary Shelley, busca-se estabelecer relações acerca da racionalidade humana e sua respectiva interdição e desmedida. Para isto aproxima-se de conceitos como perfectibilidade, simulação, simulacro, ciência, idolatria, mito, razão, astucia e crença, a partir de um instrumental fornecido pela filosofia da ciência, crítica literária, psicanálise, mitologia, mitohermenêutica e teoria da religião. Vale-se ainda de exemplos contemporâneos onde se podem notar repercussões dessas relações como a ficção científica e o discurso ecológico
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Franssen, Trijsje Marie. "Prometheus through the ages". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15889.
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This dissertation explores the role and significance of the ancient Greek myth of Prometheus in Western philosophy from Antiquity to today. Paying particular attention to its moral and existential meanings, an analysis of this in-depth investigation produces an overview of the exceptional array of the myth’s functions and themes. It demonstrates that the most significant functions of the Prometheus myth are its social, epistemic, ontological and moral functions and that the myth’s most significant themes are fire, rebellion, creation, human nature and ambiguity. The dissertation argues that this analysis brings to light meaningful information on two sides of a reference to the Prometheus myth: it reveals the nature, functions, themes and connotations of the myth, while information about these functions and themes provides access to fundamental meanings, moral statements and ontological concepts of the studied author. Based on its findings this work claims that, as in history, first, the Prometheus myth will still be meaningful in philosophy today; and second, that the analysis of the myth’s functions and themes will provide access to essential ideas underlying contemporary references to the myth. To prove the validity of these claims this thesis examines the contemporary debate on ‘human enhancement’. Advocates as well as opponents of enhancement make use of the Prometheus myth in order to support their arguments. Employing the acquired knowledge about the myth’s functions and themes, the dissertation analyses the references encountered. The results of this analysis confirm that the Prometheus myth still has a significant role in a contemporary philosophical context. They improve our understanding of the philosophical argument, ontological framework and ethics of the debate’s participants; and thus demonstrate that the information about the Prometheus myth acquired in this thesis is a useful means to reveal fundamental ideas and conceptualisations underlying contemporary (and possibly future) references to the myth.
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Smaniotto, Edgar Indalecio. "Uma análise do conceito antropológico do "outro" na obra do escritor Augusto Emílio Zaluar /". Marília : [s.n], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89581.
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Orientador: Christina de Rezende RubimBanca: Wilton Carlos Lima da Silva
Banca: Viviane Souza Galvão
Resumo: Este trabalho trata do conceito do outro enquanto um termo antropológico. Seu principal objetivo é mostrar a absorção e uso deste conceito na obra O Dr. Benignus de Augusto Emílio Zaluar (1826-1882) num momento em que a repercussão do pensamento europeu era absolvida por escritores e intelectuais brasileiros no século XIX, especialmente a daquele pensamento que trata da ciência das diferenças entre os homens, isto é, do outro, do alienígena. Analisando a obra O Dr. Benignus, observamos as formas distintas com que o conceito do outro foi interpretado pelo escritor brasileiro. Pelo menos três formas diferentes foram encontradas na obra para representar o conceito do outro: a experiência do personagem William River antropólogo que não consegue sair do mundo do outro; a defesa de uma teoria monogenista autoctonista que assimila o nativo americano ao mito do Brasil como país onde a humanidade teve sua origem tornando este outro parte da cultura dominante; e a representação do outro civilizado no personagem do alienígena. Através da revisão da literatura especializada, seja em antropologia, história da ciência ou ficção, apresentamos uma reconstrução histórica do pensamento de Augusto Emílio Zaluar, delimitando seu papel na divulgação da nascente ciência das diferenças entre os homens e dos usos que ele dá ao conceito antropológico do outro. Para além de uma discussão no campo da história da ciência das diferenças entre os homens, nossa análise nos levou a tecer uma linha entre a representação do outro que Zaluar faz na forma com que apresenta o alienígena como personagem de sua ficção, e a forma com que este ainda permanece como um mito cultural na ficção científica brasileira moderna, identificando tanto a continuidade quanto a superação da forma com que o outro é representado na literatura brasileira, sempre pela perspectiva da antropologia.
Abstract: This paper discusses the concept of other as an anthropological term. Its main objective is to show the assimilation and the use of this concept in O Dr. Benignus by Augusto Emílio Zaluar (1826-1882) in times when the repercussion of European thoughts was absorbed by Brazilian writers and intellectuals in the 19th century, specially the thought about de science of difference between men, i.e. the other, the alien. Analyzing the book O Dr. Benignus, we could observe the distinct forms that the Brazilian writer interpreted the concept of other. At least three different forms were found in the book to represent the concept of other: the experience of William River's character, the anthropologist, who can't leave the other's world; the defense of a autochthonist monogenist theory that assimilates the Native American to the myth of Brazil as a country where humanity had its origin, turning this other a part of the dominating culture; and the representation of the civilized other in the alien character. Through the review of specialized literature, be it in anthropology, science history or fiction, we present a historical reconstruction of the thought of Augusto Emílio Zaluar, delimiting his role in the disclosure of the beginning science of the differences between men and how they use the anthropological concept of other. To go beyond the discussion of the differences between men in the History of Science, our analysis made us draw a line from Zaluar's representation of other as in how he presents the alien as a character in his fiction to the form as it continues to be a cultural myth in modern Brazilian science fiction, identifying the continuity as well as the overcoming of the form the other is represented in the Brazilian literature, always in the anthropology perspective.
Mestre
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Alegrette, Alessandro Yuri. "Frankenstein : uma releitura do mito de criação /". Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91524.
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Orientador: Maria Clara Bonetti ParoBanca: Karin Volobuef
Banca: José Garcez Ghirardi
Resumo: A dissertação de mestrado, "Frankenstein: uma releitura do mito de criação", tem como principal objetivo demonstrar como a escritora inglesa Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, por meio de seu romance Frankenstein, ou o moderno Prometeu (1818), conseguiu criar um novo mito, isto é, o mito de Frankenstein, contribuiu para a renovação do romance gótico e para a criação de uma nova modalidade literária - a ficção científica. No primeiro capítulo foi realizado um estudo sobre as origens, características e principais obras do romance gótico. No segundo capítulo é abordada a relação entre mito e literatura e são analisados quais mitos aparecem no enredo do romance de Mary Shelley, enfatizando-se a importância do relato mítico de Prometeu. No terceiro capítulo é estudada a construção do discurso narrativo mítico de Frankenstein e é demonstrada a intertextualidade dessa obra com outros textos, tais como poemas, romances e estudos filosóficos e científicos. No quarto e último capítulo é demonstrado a releitura do mito de criação feita por Mary Shelley, a conseqüente criação do mito de Frankenstein, e as diversas interpretações e releituras que o romance recebeu, terminando com Blade Runner (O caçador de andróides, 1982), filme do cineasta inglês Ridley Scott que, ao promover a atualização do mito de Frankenstein, deu uma contribuição significativa para sua permanência em nossa cultura
Abstract: The main aim of this Master's Thesis, "Frankenstein: a rewriting of the myth of creation, is demonstrate how the English writer Mary Shelley in her novel Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus (1818), created a new kind of myth, renewed the gothic novel and gave origin to a new literary genre - science fiction. The first chapter discusses - the origins, characteristics and main works of the Gothic literature. The second chapter explores the relationships between myth and literature, and analyses which myths are present in the plot of Mary Shelley's novel, stressing the importance of the Promethean's story. The third chapter is concerned with the construction of mythic narrative discourse and with the novel's intertextuality with different kind texts, such as poems, another novels and philosophical and scientific studies. The fourth and last chapter concentrates on Mary Shelley's rewriting of the myth of creation, on the different ways her novel was interpreted and read, and it finishes with study of the film by the English director Ridley Scott, Blade Runner (1982), that offered a major contribution to update and foster the permanence of the Frankenstein's myth in our culture
Mestre
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Smaniotto, Edgar Indalecio [UNESP]. "Uma análise do conceito antropológico do outro na obra do escritor Augusto Emílio Zaluar". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89581.
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smaniotto_ei_me_mar.pdf: 1493077 bytes, checksum: 28d1ef95547a204041c45d7975dbe100 (MD5)Este trabalho trata do conceito do outro enquanto um termo antropológico. Seu principal objetivo é mostrar a absorção e uso deste conceito na obra O Dr. Benignus de Augusto Emílio Zaluar (1826-1882) num momento em que a repercussão do pensamento europeu era absolvida por escritores e intelectuais brasileiros no século XIX, especialmente a daquele pensamento que trata da ciência das diferenças entre os homens, isto é, do outro, do alienígena. Analisando a obra O Dr. Benignus, observamos as formas distintas com que o conceito do outro foi interpretado pelo escritor brasileiro. Pelo menos três formas diferentes foram encontradas na obra para representar o conceito do outro: a experiência do personagem William River antropólogo que não consegue sair do mundo do outro; a defesa de uma teoria monogenista autoctonista que assimila o nativo americano ao mito do Brasil como país onde a humanidade teve sua origem tornando este outro parte da cultura dominante; e a representação do outro civilizado no personagem do alienígena. Através da revisão da literatura especializada, seja em antropologia, história da ciência ou ficção, apresentamos uma reconstrução histórica do pensamento de Augusto Emílio Zaluar, delimitando seu papel na divulgação da nascente ciência das diferenças entre os homens e dos usos que ele dá ao conceito antropológico do outro . Para além de uma discussão no campo da história da ciência das diferenças entre os homens, nossa análise nos levou a tecer uma linha entre a representação do outro que Zaluar faz na forma com que apresenta o alienígena como personagem de sua ficção, e a forma com que este ainda permanece como um mito cultural na ficção científica brasileira moderna, identificando tanto a continuidade quanto a superação da forma com que o outro é representado na literatura brasileira, sempre pela perspectiva da antropologia.
This paper discusses the concept of other as an anthropological term. Its main objective is to show the assimilation and the use of this concept in O Dr. Benignus by Augusto Emílio Zaluar (1826-1882) in times when the repercussion of European thoughts was absorbed by Brazilian writers and intellectuals in the 19th century, specially the thought about de science of difference between men, i.e. the other, the alien. Analyzing the book O Dr. Benignus, we could observe the distinct forms that the Brazilian writer interpreted the concept of other. At least three different forms were found in the book to represent the concept of other: the experience of William River's character, the anthropologist, who can't leave the other's world; the defense of a autochthonist monogenist theory that assimilates the Native American to the myth of Brazil as a country where humanity had its origin, turning this other a part of the dominating culture; and the representation of the civilized other in the alien character. Through the review of specialized literature, be it in anthropology, science history or fiction, we present a historical reconstruction of the thought of Augusto Emílio Zaluar, delimiting his role in the disclosure of the beginning science of the differences between men and how they use the anthropological concept of other. To go beyond the discussion of the differences between men in the History of Science, our analysis made us draw a line from Zaluar's representation of other as in how he presents the alien as a character in his fiction to the form as it continues to be a cultural myth in modern Brazilian science fiction, identifying the continuity as well as the overcoming of the form the other is represented in the Brazilian literature, always in the anthropology perspective.
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Bouhours, Philippe. "Science économique et mythe : une analyse mythodologique". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010076.
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La théorie économique néoclassique est la langue dans laquelle le monde s'exprime, et que la mythodologie permet de designer comme mythique. Le cœur originel du mythe est l'ordre spontané de la main invisible (OSMI), diffusé par un corps sacerdotal d'économistes plus ou moins libéraux. La philosophie des lumières est la source d'un renouveau mythique dissimulé dans le langage de la science et apparu en trois phases : la raison s'exprime dans la science ; la philosophie s'oppose à la science économique, qui l'emporte sur la première en mimétisant la physique (Walras). La représentation imagée débute par les rouages de l'horloge mécanique, et aboutit aux tuyauteries du circuit dont le flux sanguin interne est animé par des hommes nouveaux cruséens. L'individualisme placé au cœur de la modernité est dominé invisiblement par le holisme de la machine. L'OSMI est la face cachée enchantée de la modernité désabusée qui laisse le logos retourner dans le muthos originel. Il répond au nouveau besoin de croire en instituant un sacre immanent. Il télescope poétiquement la réversibilité des mathématiques newtoniennes de l'EG, et l'irréversibilité du temps inscrite dans la sélection darwinienne ; il efface la "bizarrerie" des manipulations de la pensée scientifique par la pensée mythique : le paradigme infalsifiable, les valeurs cachées derrière la neutralité axiologique, la puissance symbolique du langage mathématique déterminé. La finance est l'instrument par lequel les phénomènes réels sont assignés à obéir à l'OSMI ; elle est le double monstrueux d'un monde qu'elle gère par voie de sacrifice avec la complicité d'acteurs sacrificateurs et potentiellement sacrifies. L'OSMI est une structure générique reproductible sans limite, dont la puissance symbolique s'épuise en s'étendant. Il exhibe son caractère oppressif à l'égard de ceux qu'il est sensé servir, et qui ont démocratiquement perdu les moyens politiques de lui imposer une loi humaineNeoclassical economic theory is the language by which the world can be understood, and that mythodology allows to show as mythical. The original heart of myth is "spontaneous order of the invisible hand", boadcasted by a sacerdotal body composed of more or less liberal economists. Philosophy of enlightenment is the origin of mythical renovation, dissimulated in the language of science, and which came into sight through three phases : reason talks through science ; philosophy opposes economic science, which get the better of the former by imitating physics (walras). The vivid representation began with the mechanical clock, and now leads to pipes of the circuit throuh which the internal blood flow is animated by the new robinson crusoes. Individualism placed in the heart of modernity is dominated by holism of the machine. The "spontaneous order of the invisible hand" is the enchanted secret side of disappointed modernity which allows the logos to return to the original muthos. He meets the new need to believe, by initiating a immanent sacred object. He poetically telescopes the reversibility of newtonian mathematics of general equilibrium, and the irreversibility of time registered in the darwinian selection ; he eliminate "oddness" of manipulations of scientific thinking by mythical thinking : unfalsifiable paradigm, values hidden behind neutrality, symbolical power of determined mathematical language. Finance is an instrument by which real phenomenons have to obey the myth. It is the monstruous duplicate of a world managed by the way of sacrifice with the complicity of victims. The "spontaneous order of the invisible hand" is a generic structure which can be reproduced without limits, and the power of which is exhausted when expanding. It highlights his oppressive nature to those to whom it is supposed to be useful, and who have democratically lost the means to prescribe human law to him
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Larochelle, Yves. "Une philosophie de la motivation : éthique, mythe, science". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25779/25779.pdf.
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Vanzulli, Marco. "L'idée de science chez Vico : Mythe et anthropologie". Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2004.
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L'objectif principal que se propose ce travail est de montrer, dans toute sa complexité, le caractère scientifique de la nouvelle science vichienne. L'épistémologie de la Science Nouvelle apparaîtra, à travers notre analyse, comme le résultat de trois composants gnoséologiques fondamentaux: la rhétorique, la jurisprudence et la science de la nature. Sans nier la fonction essentielle des instances sensibles et imaginatives, nous essaierons de montrer l'importance de la détermination rationnelle qui caractérise la Science Nouvelle, et le corpus vichien tout entier. Une telle lecture nous permettra d'envisager le caractère anthropologique tout à fait particulier de la science "relative à la commune nature des nations" et de nous arrêter sur l'interprétation civile du mythe qu'elle contient. Nous essaierons finalement de jeter les bases d'une actualisation et d'une application de l'herméneutique vichienne du mythe en la comparant avec le courant phénoménologique et irrationaliste des études contemporaines de la mythologie et de l'histoire des religionsThis study aims to prove the scientific character of Vico's new science and its complexity. The New Science epistemology will appear, through our analyse, the result of three basic components: rhetoric, jurisprudence and natural science. Without denying the fundamental function of sensible and imaginative determinations, we will try to show the importance of rational determination in the New Science, and indeed in Vico's entire output. This reading will allow us to examine the distinctively anthropologic nature of the science "concerning the common nature of the nations" and to dwell upon the civil interpretation of the myth which it provides. Subsequently, we will try to lay the foundations of an actualisation and an application of the vichian hermeneutics of myth, by comparison with the phenomenological and irrationalist tendency of contemporaneous studies of mythology and history of religions
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Trindade, Diamantino Fernandes. "O olhar de Hórus: uma perspectiva interdisciplinar do ensino da disciplina história da ciência". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10009.
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Previous issue date: 2007-11-07The purpose of this research is to make a critical analysis, from the point of view of interdisciplinarity, of my experience as a History of Science teacher and the role of this subject leading to the Nature Sciences, Mathematics and their technologies in the Secondary School. I elected the History of Life as a methodological approach, which allows for interchanging with the History of Science discipline in its theoretical principles. In retrospect, the course of my life inserted into my teaching experience, has sent me back to the legends of creation, specially the Horus myth used as a methaphor under which I built this narrative. Horus contemplated the Science, the teachers and the students. The first look estabilished the relationship of the Science with myth, religion, power and education. A second looks showed a teacher s impasses concerning the History of Science in the Secondary Scholl and in undergraduate for science teacher. The third look is revealed from the students depositions. The relevance of the present study is grounded on the History of the Science which, exploited as reported herein, was revealed as an interdisciplinary element for the development and modification of knowledge, opening paths to students, leading them to autonomy in studies and in the society, and to a new have a view on Science, breaking old paradigms, which resulted in the fragmentation of knowledge
Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de analisar criticamente, sob a ótica da interdisciplinaridade, minha vivência como professor de História da Ciência e a função desta disciplina como eixo norteador para a Área de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e suas tecnologias no Ensino Médio. Privilegiei a História de Vida como eixo metodológico possível de dialogar com a disciplina História da Ciência em seus princípios teóricos. O resgate da minha trajetória de vida inserida na vivência de professor remeteume ao encontro das lendas da criação, do mito de Hórus, utilizado como metáfora sobre a qual estruturei a narrativa. Hórus lançou seus olhares para a Ciência, os professores e os alunos. O primeiro olhar estabeleceu relações da Ciência com o mito, a religião, o poder e a educação. O segundo olhar mostrou os impasses da prática de um professor da disciplina História da Ciência no Ensino Médio e nos cursos de formação de professores de ciências. O terceiro olhar revela-se a partir de depoimentos dos meus alunos. A relevância do presente estudo alicerça-se na disciplina História da Ciência que, desenvolvida na forma aqui relatada, mostrou-se um atributo interdisciplinar para a produção e alteração do conhecimento, abrindo caminhos para os alunos, conduzindo-os à autonomia nos estudos e na sociedade e a um novo olhar sobre a Ciência, rompendo com os antigos paradigmas que conduziam à fragmentação do conhecimento
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ROMANZI, Valentina (ORCID:0000-0002-7995-3917). "Incubi americani: la distopia nella narrativa statunitense del ventunesimo secolo". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/186142.
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Questa tesi indaga la produzione distopica nella narrativa statunitense del ventunesimo secolo. Utilizzando un impianto metodologico derivante dalla sociologia, si teorizza una correlazione tra la crisi del mito della Frontiera e dell'Eccezionalismo americano e il rinnovato interesse per i mondi distopici.
La prima parte è dedicata alla definizione e all'inquadramento del concetto di distopia e alla descrizione dello status dei miti americani. La seconda parte si concentra sulle analisi testuali: i tre capitoli che la compongono riflettono i sottogeneri della distopia politica, tecnologica ed ecologica.This dissertation investigates dystopia in twenty-first-century U.S. fiction. Using a methodological framework based on sociology, it theorises a correlation between the crisis of the Frontier myth and of American exceptionalism and a renewed interest for dystopian worlds. Part One is dedicated to the definition and exploration of the concept of dystopia and to the description of the status of the American myths. Part Two focuses on textual analyses: its three chapters mirror the sub-genres of political, technological, and environmental dystopia.
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Milne, Catherine E. "Science cultural myths and school science : a critical analysis of historical and contemporary discourses". Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 1997. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=10939.
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In this thesis, I present a modest polemic about science cultural myths and their influence on school science. My analysis is critical because I seek ultimately to free teachers and students from repressive science cultural myths. Within this thesis, my critical analysis reveals the character of prevailing science cultural myths and provides evidence of their power within school science to legitimate specific forms of science knowledge to the exclusion of other forms. Subsequently, I propose a philosophical science framework for enabling teachers and students of science to transform their teaching and learning practices. These three aspects provide the framework of my thesis.The first step in my critical analysis involved the identification of the major characteristics of cultural myths. A cultural myth is a shared network of beliefs that regulate and order social practices that forgets how it was created. I argue that myths are characterised by their apparent invisibility once their historical evolution has been forgotten. Using this definition, I then examined the genesis of myths during the emergence of experimental philosophy in Western Europe in the 17th century and identified the following science cultural myths: myths associated with a naive realist perspective of observation and experimentation; myths that present science as justified, true knowledge; myths of a mechanical cosmology; and myths associated with the apparent transparency of language.Next, I examined literary aspects of school science, specifically textbooks, to search for the presence of these science cultural myths. I argue that the science presented in school science can be described as science stories, and that within these stories there is an iterative relationship between the 'facts' selected for the telling and science cultural myths. I identified four different types of stories that I ++call heroic, discovery, declarative and politically correct science stories, each of which helps to maintain specific myths of science. Using literary theory, I developed an approach to analysis and reconstruction of school science stories that can be used by teachers and students to assist them to transform science stories. Such an approach would help students to hear the multiple voices of science, rather than the mythical single dominant voice.I examined also the power of science cultural myths to assist or enforce the enculturation of pre-service teachers into school science. This examination was a twostep process. Firstly, using repertory grid analysis and interviews, I identified the dominant notions of science held by pre-service teachers before they began teaching Later, in follow-up interviews conducted after they had gained some teaching experience, I obtained critical insights into the interaction between the notions of science held initially by the pre-service science teachers and those endorsed by the school science culture. The results indicate the power of science cultural myths to obligate pre-service teachers to adopt uncritically specific practices within school science.Finally, I propose a philosophy of science for science education that consists of five key referents: construction, tentativeness, dynamism, neopragmatism and critique. This holistic philosophy offers science educators a framework for evolving a school science culture that is critically aware of science cultural myths and their power and that can promote the multiple voices of science.
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Anderson, Sharon S. "Yeats: from fairy tales to myth". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1993. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/107.
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English