Zaloguj się

Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Shigella sonnei antimicrobial susceptibility / Artykuły w czasopismach

Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Shigella sonnei antimicrobial susceptibility.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Shigella sonnei antimicrobial susceptibility”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Shigella sonnei antimicrobial susceptibility”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.

1

Sivapalasingam, Sumathi, Jennifer M. Nelson, Kevin Joyce, Mike Hoekstra, Frederick J. Angulo, and Eric D. Mintz. "High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Shigella Isolates in the United States Tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 1 (2006): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.50.1.49-54.2006.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Shigella spp. infect approximately 450,000 persons annually in the United States, resulting in over 6,000 hospitalizations. Since 1999, the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria has tested every 10th Shigella isolate from 16 state or local public health laboratories for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents. From 1999 to 2002, NARMS tested 1,604 isolates. Among 1,598 isolates identified to species level, 1,278 (80%) were Shigella sonnei, 295 (18%) were Shigella flexneri, 18 (1%) were Shigella boydii, and 7 (0.4%) were Shigella dysenteriae

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

2

Hirose, Kenji, Jun Terajima, Hidemasa Izumiya, et al. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Shigella sonnei Isolates in Japan and Molecular Analysis of S. sonnei Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 3 (2005): 1203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.3.1203-1205.2005.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT We performed susceptibility testing with Shigella sonnei isolates from imported and domestic cases of infection in Japan during 2001 and 2002. Some S. sonnei isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Most of the nalidixic acid-resistant strains showed reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones but did not show fluoroquinolone resistance.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

3

Madhavan, Anitha, Sobha Balakrishnan, and Jayalakshmi Vasudevapanicker. "Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Shigella isolates in a tertiary healthcare center." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 10, no. 02 (2018): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_93_17.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Shigellosis is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published data in the study area on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and prevalence of Shigella species among diarrheagenic cases. Therefore, a retrospective analysis was done to find the Shigella serotypes, common age group affected, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Shigella isolates in South Kerala METHODS: Stool samples collected from cases of dysentery and diarrhea from January 2011 to Decem

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

4

Nógrády, Noémi, Margit Király, Klára Borbás, Ákos Tóth, Judit Pászti, and István Tóth. "Antimicrobial resistance and genetic characteristics of integron-carrier shigellae isolated in Hungary (1998–2008)." Journal of Medical Microbiology 62, no. 10 (2013): 1545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.058917-0.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Antimicrobial susceptibility, integron carriage, genetic relationship and presence of some important virulence genes of the integron-carrier strains of Shigella sonnei (n = 230) and Shigella flexneri (n = 22) isolated from stool samples of patients in Hungary between 1998 and 2008 were investigated. Sixty-seven per cent (168/252) of the strains were resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SxT) followed by streptomycin (S, 47 %), ampicillin (A, 32 %) and tetracycline (Tc, 28 %). Thirty-six per cent (90/252) exhibited multidrug resistance, mostly showing SSxTTc or ASSxTc, ASSxTTc resistance

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

5

Fischer, Natalie, Margo Maex, Wesley Mattheus, et al. "Genomic epidemiology of persistently circulating MDR Shigella sonnei strains associated with men who have sex with men (MSM) in Belgium (2013–19)." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 77, no. 1 (2021): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab377.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Objectives Shigella sonnei resistant to first-line antibiotics azithromycin and ciprofloxacin are on the rise globally. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of MDR S. sonnei in Belgium and to identify origins and circulating clusters through WGS. Methods We undertook demographic, temporal and geographical analysis of 930 S. sonnei isolates submitted to the Belgian National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella between 2017 and 2019. Phylogenetic analysis of WGS data, genotyping and identification of genetic markers of antimicrobial resistance was performed on

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

6

Ahmed, Ashraf M., Kimi Furuta, Kei Shimomura, Yoshio Kasama, and Tadashi Shimamoto. "Genetic characterization of multidrug resistance in Shigella spp. from Japan." Journal of Medical Microbiology 55, no. 12 (2006): 1685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46725-0.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study characterized the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance of a number of Shigella spp. isolated from humans from 2000 to 2004 in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan. A total of 26 isolates of Shigella spp. were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed high levels of resistance, especially to ampicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. PCR and DNA sequencing were used for screening and characterization of antibiotic-resistance determinants. PCR sequencing analysis revealed the presence of only one type of class 1 integr

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

7

Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, and Snehasis Jana. "Improved Susceptibility Pattern of Antimicrobials Using Vital Energy Treatment on Shigella sonnei." American Journal of Internal Medicine 3, no. 6 (2015): 231–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.169136.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has become increasingly popular and reported for countless benefits in biomedical health care systems. The study assessed the potential impact of The Trivedi Effect® (biofield energy) on Shigella sonnei for changes in antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical study, and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The cells were obtained from MicroBioLogics Inc., USA bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9290) number, and divided into two groups, Group (Gr.) I: control and Gr. II: treated. Gr. II was subjected to Mr.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

8

Trivedi, Mahendra Kumar, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, and Snehasis Jana. "Improved Susceptibility Pattern of Antimicrobials Using Vital Energy Treatment on Shigella sonnei." American Journal of Internal Medicine 3, no. 6 (2015): 231–37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20150306.13.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has become increasingly popular and reported for countless benefits in biomedical health care systems. The study assessed the potential impact of The Trivedi Effect<sup>®</sup> (biofield energy) on <em>Shigella sonnei</em> for changes in antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical study, and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away<sup>®</sup> system. The cells were obtained from MicroBioLogics Inc., USA bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9290) number, and divided into two groups, Group (Gr.) I: control and Gr.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

9

Dykhuizen, R. S., R. Frazer, C. Duncan, et al. "Antimicrobial effect of acidified nitrite on gut pathogens: importance of dietary nitrate in host defense." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 6 (1996): 1422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.6.1422.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Dietary intake of nitrate generates salivary nitrite, which is acidified in the stomach, leading to a number of reactive intermediates of nitrogen, among which are the potentially carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. Acidified nitrite, however, also has antimicrobial activity which coincides with the formation of nitric oxide. The present study examines the antimicrobial effect in vitro of acidified nitrite on Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella sonnei, and Escherichia coli O157. First-order regression plots showed a linear inverse relationship of log-tran

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

10

Ingle, Danielle J., Marion Easton, Mary Valcanis, et al. "Co-circulation of Multidrug-resistant Shigella Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Australia." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 9 (2019): 1535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz005.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background In urban Australia, the burden of shigellosis is either in returning travelers from shigellosis-endemic regions or in men who have sex with men (MSM). Here, we combine genomic data with comprehensive epidemiological data on sexual exposure and travel to describe the spread of multidrug-resistant Shigella lineages. Methods A population-level study of all cultured Shigella isolates in the state of Victoria, Australia, was undertaken from 1 January 2016 through 31 March 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses of 545 Shige

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

11

Mandomando, Inácio, Dinis Jaintilal, Maria J. Pons, et al. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Mechanisms of Resistance in Shigella and Salmonella Isolates from Children under Five Years of Age with Diarrhea in Rural Mozambique." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 6 (2009): 2450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01282-08.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance of 109 Shigella and 40 Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea in southern Mozambique were assessed. The susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents was tested by disk diffusion, and mechanisms of resistance were searched by PCR or colorimetric method. A high proportion of Shigella isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol (Chl) (52%), ampicillin (Amp) (56%), tetracycline (Tet) (66%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Sxt) (84%). Sixty-five percent of the isolates were multidrug resistant. Shigella flexneri isola

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

12

Logan, Naeemah Z., Beth E. Karp, Kaitlin A. Tagg, et al. "130. increase in Multidrug Resistance (2011–2018) and the Emergence of Extensive Drug Resistance (2020) in shigella Sonnei in the United States." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.440.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Shigella sonnei infections are a serious public health threat, and outbreaks are common among men who have sex with men (MSM). In February 2020, Australia’s Department of Health notified CDC of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) S. sonnei in 2 Australian residents linked to a cruise that departed from Florida. We describe an international outbreak of XDR S. sonnei and report on trends in MDR among S. sonnei in the United States. Methods Health departments (HDs) submit every 20th Shigella isolate to CDC’s National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring S

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

13

HAUKKA, K., and A. SIITONEN. "Emerging resistance to newer antimicrobial agents among Shigella isolated from Finnish foreign travellers." Epidemiology and Infection 136, no. 4 (2007): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807008862.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

SUMMARYIn Finland, most cases of shigellosis are related to travel abroad. Antimicrobial drug resistance of 1814 Shigella strains isolated from Finnish patients during 1990–2005 was studied using discs of 12 antimicrobial agents. Since 2000, the E-test has been performed to determine ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations of nalidixic acid-resistant isolates. The proportion of multi-resistant strains (resistant to ⩾4 antimicrobials) was highest among isolates from China and India, but is increasing significantly in other parts of Asia. Resistance to nalidixic acid has become common am

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

14

Abd Al-Rahman, Thanaa R., Sabah A. Belal та Kifah A. Jasim. "Molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Shigella species isolated from patients with bacillary dysentery in Iraq". Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad 55, № 3 (2013): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.553624.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), including cefotaximases (CTX-M), mediate resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins and significantly compromise the treatment tools for Shigellosis. Objective: To determine the ESBLs production by Shigella spp. and its role in the resistance to third generation cephalosporins and to determine the occurrence of plasmid- borne blaCTX genes in ESBLS Shigella isolates by Multiplex PCR. Methods: Susceptibility of 59 clinical Shigella isolates was tested by disk diffusion method to six antimicrobial agents. Presence of ESBLs was es

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

15

Nundwe, Mike, Joseph Yamweka Chizimu, John Mwaba, et al. "Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of Shigella Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia." Bacteria 4, no. 2 (2025): 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria4020018.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background: Shigella species are the leading cause of human shigellosis. In Zambia, more than 30% of children experiencing diarrhea are infected with Shigella species. The increasing resistance of Shigella species to the recommended therapy is of great concern. Therefore, this study investigated the antibiotic resistance profiles and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Shigella isolates at the largest referral hospital in Zambia. Methodology: Of the forty-eight archived presumptive Shigella isolates, thirty-two were serologically confirmed and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

16

Navia, Margarita M., Liliana Capitano, Joaquin Ruiz, et al. "Typing and Characterization of Mechanisms of Resistance ofShigella spp. Isolated from Feces of Children under 5 Years of Age from Ifakara, Tanzania." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 10 (1999): 3113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.10.3113-3117.1999.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Eighty-six strains of Shigella spp. were isolated during the dry season from stool samples of children under 5 years of age in Ifakara, Tanzania. The epidemiological relationship as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole were investigated. Four different epidemiological tools, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR, plasmid analysis, and antibiogram, were compared for typing Shigella strains. Seventy-eight (90%) strains were Shigella flexneri and were distributed into

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

17

Liu, Jie, Paul F. Garcia Bardales, Kamrul Islam, et al. "Shigella Detection and Molecular Serotyping With a Customized TaqMan Array Card in the Enterics for Global Health (EFGH): Shigella Surveillance Study." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 11, Supplement_1 (2024): S34—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad574.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting ipaH has been proven to be highly efficient in detecting Shigella in clinical samples compared to culture-based methods, which underestimate Shigella burden by 2- to 3-fold. qPCR assays have also been developed for Shigella speciation and serotyping, which is critical for both vaccine development and evaluation. Methods The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study will utilize a customized real-time PCR–based TaqMan Array Card (TAC) interrogating 82 targets, for the detection and differentiation of

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

18

Babatunde, Oluwatoyin, and Olayiwola John Olusola. "Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Phytochemical Analysis of Chloroform Extracts of Andrographis paniculata Root (Burm.F) and Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) Aerial Part." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 23, no. 1 (2024): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v23i1.74093.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The menace of antibiotic resistance especially multi-drug resistant bacteria is increasing in the clinical setting. Therefore, the study investigated antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of chloroform extracts of Andrographis paniculata root (Burm.F.) and Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel) aerial part. The extracts were screened for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested against Citrobacter diversus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Shigella sonnei using tetrazolium microtitre-plate

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

19

ZHANG, H., F. PAN, X. ZHAO, et al. "Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of enteric pathogens in Chinese paediatric diarrhoea: a multicentre retrospective study, 2008–2013." Epidemiology and Infection 143, no. 12 (2015): 2512–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268814003756.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

SUMMARYThe enteric pathogens causing diarrhoea impair children's health severely. This study retrospectively analysed 1577 pathogens isolated from inpatients and outpatients in six hospitals located in Northern (Inner Mongolia), Northeastern (Hebei), Eastern (Shanghai and Jiangsu), Southern (Hainan) and Central (Hubei) China between 2008 and 2013. Of the 1577 enteric pathogens, Salmonella presented with the highest frequency (36·0%), followed by diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (23·7%), Staphylococcus aureus (15·0%), Shigella (13·1%), and Aeromonas (4·6%). The predominant pathogens varied in di

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

20

Essuman, Edward Ken, Adjoa Agyemang Boakye, Clement Okraku Tettey, et al. "Evaluation of the Antidiarrheal and Antioxidant Effects of Some Chewing Sticks Commonly Used for Oral Hygiene in Ghana." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (October 5, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7270250.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Microbial etiology of diarrhea is a significant cause of death, especially in children in developing countries. The presence of microbes that are resistant to current treatment options for diarrhea suggests the need to find newer antimicrobial agents for treatment. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the antimicrobial effect of some Ghanaian chewing sticks commonly used for oral hygiene, Azadirachta indica, Garcinia afzelii, and Garcinia kola, against selected diarrhea-causing organisms. From the stem and bark of each plant, 70% methanolic extract was experimented on Salmonella and

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

21

Ali Nor, Bilan Sheikh, Nelson Chengo Menza, and Abednego Moki Musyoki. "Multidrug-Resistant Shigellosis among Children Aged below Five Years with Diarrhea at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2021 (June 8, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6630272.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Globally, shigellosis remains the second leading cause of diarrhea-associated deaths among children under five years of age, and the infections are disproportionately higher in resource-limited settings due to overcrowding, poor sanitation, and inadequate safe drinking water. The emergence and global spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Shigella are exacerbating the shigellosis burden. We adopted a cross-sectional study design to determine the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) patterns of Shigella serogroups among children aged below five years presenting with diarrhea at Bana

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

22

Kabali, Emmanuel, Girja Shanker Pandey, Musso Munyeme, et al. "Identification of Escherichia coli and Related Enterobacteriaceae and Examination of Their Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns: A Pilot Study at A Wildlife–Livestock Interface in Lusaka, Zambia." Antibiotics 10, no. 3 (2021): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10030238.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

A cross-sectional study was used to identify and assess prevalence and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria isolated from healthy wildlife and livestock cohabiting at a 10,000 acres game ranch near Lusaka, Zambia. Purposive sampling was used to select wildlife and livestock based on similarities in behavior, grazing habits and close interactions with humans. Isolates (n = 66) from fecal samples collected between April and August 2018 (n = 84) were examined following modified protocols for bacteria isolation, biochemical identification,

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

23

Harnett, N. "High level resistance to trimethoprim, cotrimoxazole and other antimicrobial agents among clinical isolates of Shigella species in Ontario, Canada – an update." Epidemiology and Infection 109, no. 3 (1992): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800050457.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

SUMMARYA total of 598 isolates of Shigella species (24 S. dysenteriae, 254 S. flexneri, 30 S. boydii, 290 S. sonnei) submitted to the Ontario Public Health Laboratories in 1990 were tested for their susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. Overall 79·6% of isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents and 52·0% were resistant to four or more. Trimethoprim resistance ranged from 26·7% among isolates of S. boydii to 39·4% among S. flexneri strains. The majority of the 224 TMP resistant isolates (88·8%) demonstrated high level resistance (MIC > 1000

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

24

Gu, Bing, Ting Xu, Haiquan Kang, et al. "A 10-year surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Shigella sonnei isolates circulating in Jiangsu Province, China." Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 10 (September 2017): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2017.03.009.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

25

Gharpure, Radhika, Louise Francois Watkins, Louise Francois Watkins, et al. "1603. Observation of Treatment Outcomes During an Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant Shigella sonnei Infections in a Retirement Community—Vermont, 2018." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S584—S585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1467.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Background In 2018, CDC and the Vermont Department of Health investigated an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei infections in a retirement community. Most Shigella infections are self-limited, but antibiotics are indicated for severe illness and sometimes to limit transmission. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute has not yet established breakpoints for azithromycin, so laboratories cannot report resistance. Although breakpoints exist for ciprofloxacin, isolates with one fluoroquinolone resistance mechanism typically have minimum inhibitory concentrations withi

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

26

Md., Mahbubur Rahman, Shamsuzzaman Md., Khatun Mahfuza, et al. "Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Tiliacora triandra Stem Bark." British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 17, no. 2 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2017/34059.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

<strong>Aim: </strong><em>Tiliacora triandra</em> (<em>T. triandra)</em>, a species of Menispermaceae family, has folkloric reputation for the treatment of several diseases including infectious diseases in Thailand and neighboring countries. The present study aimed at screening the stem bark of <em>T. triandra</em> for its phytochemical constituents and its antimicrobial potential against selected bacteria and fungi. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>The dried stem bark of <em>T. triandra</em> was extracted with methanol and qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed. The antimicro

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

27

Oh, J. Y., H. S. Yu, S. K. Kim, S. Y. Seol, D. T. Cho, and J. C. Lee. "Changes in Patterns of Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Integron Carriage among Shigella sonnei Isolates from Southwestern Korea during Epidemic Periods." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 41, no. 1 (2003): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.41.1.421-423.2003.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

28

Hawaz, Habtamu, Selamawit Girma, Yordanos Tezera, Umer Ahmed, and Musin Kelel. "Prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of Shigella and Salmonella species in under ten diarrhoeic children admitted to Tirunesh-Beijing hospital." International Journal of Scientific Reports 3, no. 2 (2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20170359.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diarrheal diseases constitute a major burden of disease in the low and middle-income countries of the world with diarrhea being the second leading cause of morbidity. Now a day, food borne disease, caused by <em>Shigella </em>and <em>Salmonella species</em> is the most common type of bacterial gastroenteritis have gained multiple antimicrobial resistances; the challenge for clinical management. For acute childhood diarrhea that requires antimicrobial therapy correct choice of the drug depends on detailed

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

29

Nabilah, Ahmad Alhadi, Muhamad HairulShahril, Mohamed Rehan Maryam, Mat Radzi Salina, and Mohd Noor Hanina. "ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACELLULAR PROTEINS SECRETED BY BACILLUS SUBTILIS ATCC21332 AFTER BEING INDUCED WITH CYMBOPOGON FLEXUOSUS ESSENTIAL OIL AND CULTURED IN DIFFERENT GROWTH CONDITIONS." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 5 (2018): 103–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1291184.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Extracellular proteins secreted by diverse bacteria with broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity can be used as an alternative treatment against antibiotic resistant and spoilage microorganisms. However, the extracellular proteins produced by bacteria are affected by environmental stress factors and growth conditions. Therefore, antimicrobial activity of extracellular proteins secreted by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332 in the presence of Cymbopogon flexuosus as stress inducer and cultivated in different growth conditions was evaluated against four selected strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negat

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

30

Kumar Trivedi, Mahendra. "Improved Susceptibility Pattern of Antimicrobials Using Vital Energy Treatment on <i>Shigella sonnei</i>." American Journal of Internal Medicine 3, no. 6 (2015): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20150306.13.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

31

DUTTA, S., K. RAJENDRAN, S. ROY, et al. "Shifting serotypes, plasmid profile analysis and antimicrobial resistance pattern of shigellae strains isolated from Kolkata, India during 1995–2000." Epidemiology and Infection 129, no. 2 (2002): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268802007240.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

One hundred and sixty-six shigellae strains, isolated from stool samples of paediatric patients (<5 years old) at a Childrens' Hospital in Kolkata, India during the period of 1995–2000 were examined for serotyping, drug resistance pattern and plasmid profiles. Sh. flexneri (58%) was found to be commonest isolate of total shigellae, followed by Sh. sonnei (28%), Sh. boydii (9%) and Sh. dysenteriae (5%). This profile of species was in sharp contrast to the picture obtained before 1995, when Sh. dysenteriae 1 predominated over Sh. flexneri. In Sh. flexneri strains, Sh. flexneri 2a (35%) was th

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

32

Kaewiad, Kanyanat, Sanae Kaewnopparat, and Nattha Kaewnopparat. "In Vitro Comparison of Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus fermentum SK54 Isolated from New Born Baby with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103." Advanced Materials Research 1060 (December 2014): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1060.215.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

A lactobacillus strain isolated from the feces of a healthy baby was identified as Lactobacillus fermentum SK54. The probiotic properties of this strain including antimicrobial activity, survival in acid, bile, simulated gastric fluid [SGF] and simulated intestinal fluid [SIF], antibiotic susceptibility and adherence to Caco-2 cells were examined and compared them with a well known commercial probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 isolated from human intestine. L. fermentum SK54 and L. rhamnosus GG showed inhibitory properties toward gastrointestinal pathogens i.e., Staphylococ

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

33

Hamad, Gamal M., Nawal Abd El-Baky, Mona Mohamed Sharaf, and Amro A. Amara. "Volatile Compounds, Fatty Acids Constituents, and Antimicrobial Activity of Cultured Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis) Isolated from Lake Mariout in Egypt." Scientific World Journal 2023 (February 27, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9919814.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

In this study, Arthrospira fusiformis previously isolated from Lake Mariout (Alexandria, Egypt) was cultivated in the laboratory using a medium for pharmaceutical grade Arthrospira, named as Amara and Steinbüchel medium. Hot water extract of the Egyptian Spirulina was prepared by autoclaving dried biomass in distilled water at 121°C for 15 min. This algal water extract was analyzed by GC-MS to evaluate its volatile compounds and fatty acids composition. The antimicrobial activity of phycobiliprotein extract from Arthrospira fusiformis using phosphate buffer was evaluated against thirteen micro

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

34

Awawou, Manouore Njoya, Poutoum Yogne Yves, Samuel Eheth Jean, et al. "Antibiotic susceptibility of four Enterobacteriaceae strains (Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella typhi and Shigella sonnei) isolated from wastewater, surface water and groundwater in the equatorial zone of Cameroon (Central Africa)." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 1 (2021): 120–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169308.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The health problems caused waterborne pathogens bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family are aggravated by the rise of antimicrobial resistant bacteria phenomenon. This has been identified as one of the biggest global health challenges. The present study aims to make a comparative approach of the sensitivity/resistance to antibiotics of 4 Enterobacteriaceae <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em>, <em>Citrobacter freundii</em>, <em>Salmonella typhi</em> and <em>Shigella sonnei</em> isolated from wastewater, streams and groundwater in Yaounde town (Cameroon, Centr

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

35

Andrade-Ochoa, Sergio, Karla Fabiola Chacón-Vargas, Luvia Enid Sánchez-Torres, Blanca Estela Rivera-Chavira, Benjamín Nogueda-Torres, and Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón. "Differential Antimicrobial Effect of Essential Oils and Their Main Components: Insights Based on the Cell Membrane and External Structure." Membranes 11, no. 6 (2021): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060405.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The biological activity of essential oils and their major components is well documented. Essential oils such as oregano and cinnamon are known for their effect against bacteria, fungi, and even viruses. The mechanism of action is proposed to be related to membrane and external cell structures, including cell walls. This study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of seven essential oils and eight of their major components against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, filamentous fungi, and protozoans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by determination of the Minimal Inhibitory C

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

36

Awawou Manouore Njoya, Yves Poutoum Yogne, Jean Samuel Eheth, et al. "Antibiotic susceptibility of four Enterobacteriaceae strains (Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella typhi and Shigella sonnei) isolated from wastewater, surface water and groundwater in the equatorial zone of Cameroon (Central Africa)." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 1 (2021): 120–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.1.0303.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The health problems caused waterborne pathogens bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family are aggravated by the rise of antimicrobial resistant bacteria phenomenon. This has been identified as one of the biggest global health challenges. The present study aims to make a comparative approach of the sensitivity/resistance to antibiotics of 4 Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella typhi and Shigella sonnei isolated from wastewater, streams and groundwater in Yaounde town (Cameroon, Central Africa). Bacteria were isolated using standard methods their id

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

37

Jain, Sanjay K., Amita Gupta, Brian Glanz, James Dick, and George K. Siberry. "Antimicrobial-Resistant Shigella sonnei." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 24, no. 6 (2005): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000164707.13624.a7.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

38

Makarova, M. A., Z. N. Matveeva, L. A. Kaftyreva, et al. "Characteristics of susceptibility to antibiotics of Shigella sonnei caused three outbreaks in the North-Western region of Russia in 2018." Bacteriology 5, no. 2 (2020): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2500-1027-2020-2-18-23.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The work is devoted to the study of susceptibility to antibiotics of 42 strains of Shigella sonnei isolated from patients involved in three food-borne outbreaks that occurred in the North-Western region of Russia in 2018. All strains belonged to biovar IIg, showed resistance to tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The strains were susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, but were resistant to nalidixic acid, were susceptibility to aminoglycosides (gentamycin, tobramycin, and amikacin), and resistance to streptomycin. All strains were susceptibility to azithromycin (MIC 8 mg/

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

39

Qu, Mei, Xin Zhang, Guirong Liu, et al. "An eight-year study of Shigella species in Beijing, China: serodiversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8, no. 07 (2014): 904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.3692.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella spp. in Beijing, China, from 2004 to 2011. Methodology: Real-time PCR assays were used to detect virulent genes, and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial resistance. Results: Among the total of 1,652 Shigella isolates, S. sonnei (57.1%) was the predominant species, followed by S. flexneri (42.3%), S. dysenteriae (0.4%), and S. boydii (0.2%). Nineteen serotypes were discovered among S. flexneri strains. The viru

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

40

Seol, Sung Yong, Yong Tae Kim, Young Sook Jeong, et al. "Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Shigella sonnei isolates in Korea." Journal of Medical Microbiology 55, no. 7 (2006): 871–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46441-0.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The antimicrobial resistance of 122 Shigella sonnei isolates obtained in Korea during the period 1991–2000 was characterized. These isolates were highly resistant to traditional antibiotics such as trimethoprim (100 %), streptomycin (100 %), sulfamethoxazole (94 %), tetracycline (93 %) and nalidixic acid (90 %). All S. sonnei isolates carried Tn7 in their chromosomes. The 8.4 kb non-transferable resistance (R) plasmid carrying tetA, strA-strB and sul1 was found in 93 % of the S. sonnei isolates. Resistance to nalidixic acid first appeared in a S. sonnei isolate in 1997, and then in all S. sonn

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

41

BAGAMBOULA, C. F., M. UYTTENDAELE, and J. DEBEVERE. "Antimicrobial Effect of Spices and Herbs on Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 4 (2003): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.4.668.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Of 17 spices and herbs tested at 1% (wt/vol) in Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar, only cloves, thyme, oregano, allspice, basil, rosemary, and marjoram showed antimicrobial effects on Shigella. The MICs of thyme, oregano, basil, and rosemary (as determined by the agar dilution method) ranged from 0.5 to 1% (wt/vol) depending on the Shigella strain used. With the use of various combinations of temperatures (12, 22, and 37°C), pHs (5.0, 5.5, and 6.0), and NaCl concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4%, wt/vol) and the inclusion or exclusion of thyme or basil at 1% (wt/vol) in an MH agar model system, it was establ

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

42

Yousfi, Khadidja, Christiane Gaudreau, Pierre A. Pilon, et al. "Genetic Mechanisms behind the Spread of Reduced Susceptibility to Azithromycin in Shigella Strains Isolated from Men Who Have Sex with Men in Québec, Canada." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 63, no. 2 (2018): e01679-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01679-18.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT We analyzed 254 Shigella species isolates collected in Québec, Canada, during 2013 and 2014. Overall, 23.6% of isolates showed reduced susceptibility to azithromycin (RSA) encoded by mphA (11.6%), ermB (1.7%), or both genes (86.7%). Shigella strains with RSA were mostly isolated from men who have sex with men (68.8% or higher) from the Montreal region. A complete sequence analysis of six selected plasmids from Shigella sonnei and different serotypes of Shigella flexneri emphasized the role of IS26 in the dissemination of RSA.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

43

Sompila, Arnaud W. G. Tamba, and Nadia P. G. Pambou-Tobi. "Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Two Extracts (Aqueous and Lipidic) of P. aquilinum of Cross Plant." Biotechnology Journal International 29, no. 3 (2025): 61–68. https://doi.org/10.9734/bji/2025/v29i3777.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Ferns have been living with human beings for a long time. Various biological activities have been reported, such as dietary, antioxidant and others. In our case, the focus was on antimicrobial activity. The aim was to demonstrate the activity of two extracts (aqueous and lipidic) of P. aquilinum fronds. The methodology adopted consisted in extracting the total oil from fiddleheads using a sohlext device, with hexane as the solvent. The aqueous extract was also prepared using water as the extraction solvent. Five strains were selected and used, namely three strains of the Shigella genus: boydii

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

44

Chu, Yiu-wai, Elizabeth T. S. Houang, Donald J. Lyon, Julia M. Ling, Tak-keung Ng, and Augustine F. B. Cheng. "Antimicrobial Resistance in Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei in Hong Kong, 1986 to 1995." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 2 (1998): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.2.440.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

ABSTRACT Three hundred and thirty-three Shigella isolates obtained in 1986 to 1995 were tested for their susceptibilities to 19 antimicrobial agents. Nalidixic acid resistance had emerged in 59.6% of Shigella flexneri isolates during 1994 to 1995, with all tested resistant isolates having the mutation in gyrAencoding the Ser-83 alteration. Multiresistance (resistance to four or more agents) was more common in S. flexneri than inShigella sonnei.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

45

Ashkenazi, S., M. May-Zahav, J. Sulkes, R. Zilberberg, and Z. Samra. "Increasing antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in Israel during the period 1984 to 1992." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 39, no. 4 (1995): 819–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.39.4.819.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Recent (1984 to 1992) trends in the antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in Israel were studied by analyzing the results of 106,000 stool cultures, 3,511 of which yielded Shigella spp. Over the study period, resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) increased from 59 to 92% (P = 0.0038) and that to ampicillin increased from 13 to 86% (P < 0.0001). Resistances to nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and broad-spectrum cephalosporins remained low. Shigella sonnei, which currently accounts for 90% of Shigella infections, was more resistant than S. flexneri to TMP-SMX (81 versu

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

46

Sohaib, Muhammad, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro, Hasina Baloch, et al. "Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Poultry Feed, Water, and Eggshell." Journal of Microbiological Sciences 2, no. 01 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.38211/jms.2023.01.46.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Poultry is the most important source of proteins forconsumption. Egg shell and drinking water contributes significantly to the spread of viral, bacterial, and protozoan infections in poultry. A total of 150 samples from poultry feed (feeders n=25, feed bags n=25), water (water tanks n=25, drinkers n=25), and eggshell (n=50) were collected from ten layer farms of district Tando Allahyar. Overall results showed that higher 52% bacterial infection was recorded from the poultry feed, 42% was recorded from water samples while the lowest prevalence recorded from the eggshell 32%. The isolated bacter

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

47

Bastos, Flávia Corrêa, and Edvaldo Carlos Brito Loureiro. "Antimicrobial Resistance of Shigella spp. isolated in the State of Pará, Brazil." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 44, no. 5 (2011): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822011005000051.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

INTRODUCTION: Shigella spp. are Gram-negative, nonsporulating, rod-shaped bacteria that belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and are responsible for shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, an important cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We studied the antibiotic resistance profiles of 122 Shigella spp. strains (81 S. flexneri, 41 S. sonnei, 1 S. boydii) isolated from patients (female and male from 0 to 80 years of age) presenting diarrhea in different districts of the State of Pará, in the North of Brazil. The antibiotic resistance of the strains, isolated from human fecal sam

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

48

Rodríguez, Edna Catering, Adriana Marcela Bautista, Lucy Angeline Montaño, María Victoria Ovalle, and Francia Patricia Correa. "Laboratory-based surveillance of Shigella spp. from human clinical cases in Colombia, 1997-2018." Biomédica 41, no. 1 (2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5113.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Introduction: Shigellosis is endemic in low-and middle-income countries, causing approximately 125 million episodes of diarrhea and leading to approximately 160 .000 deaths annually one-third of which is associated with children.Objective: To describe the characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Shigella species recovered in Colombia from 1997 to 2018.Materials and methods: We received isolates from laboratories in 29 Colombian departments. We serotyped with specific antiserum and determined antimicrobial resistance and minimal inhibitory concentrations for ten antibiotics with

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

49

Jokar, Javad, Niloofar Rahimian, Abdolmajid Ghasemian, and Sohrab Najafipour. "The Antibacterial Effects of Cocktail and Single Forms of Lytic Phages Belonging to Podoviridae and Myoviridae Families from Sewage against Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri." BioMed Research International 2022 (November 25, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7833565.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Background. Diarrhea caused by bacterial pathogens such as Shigella spp. is one of the prominent public health concerns. The evolution of vast antibiotic resistance by these pathogens, leading to failure in the infections eradication, has made an impetus to seek and develop novel approaches. Recently, some alternative therapies such as phage therapy have been investigated. Bacteriophages are viruses that target specific bacterial species. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of phages obtained from hospital sewage against Shigella sonnei (S. sonnei) ATCC® 9290 and S

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

50

Nagy, Laura, Péter Urbán, Lilla Makszin, et al. "The Effect of Mutation in Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis on Bacterial Fitness." Cells 11, no. 20 (2022): 3249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203249.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This paper presents the genome sequence of a Shigella sonnei mutant strain (S. sonnei 4351) and the effect of mutation in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis on bacterial fitness. Lipopolysaccharides are the major component of the outer leaflet of the Gram-negative outer membrane. We report here a frameshift mutation of the gene gmhD in the genome of S. sonnei 4351. The mutation results in a lack of epimerization of the core heptose while we also found increased thermosensitivity, abnormal cell division, and increased susceptibility to erythromycin and cefalexin compared to the S. sonnei 4303. Com

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!