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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Skepticism”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Johnson, Drew. "Hinge Epistemology, Radical Skepticism, and Domain Specific Skepticism." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 9, no. 2 (2019): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-20191302.

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This paper explores how hinge epistemology (specifically, Duncan Pritchard’s brand of hinge epistemology) might fruitfully be applied not only to the problem of radical skepticism, but also to certain domain specific (or ‘local’) skepticisms, and in particular, moral skepticism. The paper explains the idea of a domain specific skepticism, and how domain specific skepticisms contrast with radical skepticism. I argue that a domain specific skeptical problem can be resolved in just the same way as radical skepticism, if there are hinge commitments within that domain. I then suggest that there are

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2

Öztanrıkulu Özel, Nurten. "Is skepticism an epistemological predicament? Skeptisizm epistemolojik bir çıkmaz mıdır?" Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 2 (2018): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i2.5183.

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Skeptics, by being skeptical about the certainty, accuracy and truth claims, defend that there are no objective accuracy or certainty; and for this reason, it is not possible to have an epistemological justification. The arguments on skepticism claiming that knowledge is not possible or proofs are inadequate in justifying knowledge have caused that skepticism has been considered as a notorious concept and sometimes it has been considered as a destructive activity. There is the idea that knowledge and certainty are possible behind these considerations. On this basis, skepticism has been conceiv

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3

Vincentnathan, Lynn, S. Georg Vincentnathan, and Nicholas Smith. "Catholics and Climate Change Skepticism." Worldviews 20, no. 2 (2016): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685357-02002005.

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Despite Church teachings on climate change and most Catholics accepting the science and being concerned, a large minority of Catholic laity and clergy deny it. This multi-sited, qualitative study, which includes supporting quantitative data, focuses on how skepticism is articulated by Catholic climate change skeptics, and transmitted and transmuted through Catholic networks. While Catholic climate change skeptics echo other skeptics, they also bring Catholic perspectives, often mingled with conservative religious and political views. Some express concern common among other Christian skeptics t

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4

Loveland, Matthew T., Alexander G. Capella, and India Maisonet. "Prosocial skeptics: Skepticism and generalized trust." Critical Research on Religion 5, no. 3 (2017): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050303217707245.

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We report on a study of the religious correlates of generalized trust. Our critical frame leads us to explore novel questions about how nonreligion may encourage social trust. We find that those who believe the bible to be a book of fables are more trusting than those with other beliefs about the text, and that nontheists report a greater willingness to trust. We discuss the implications of our findings for future research about religious belief and generalized trust.

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5

Schwab, Whitney. "Skepticism, Belief, and the Criterion of Truth." Apeiron 46, no. 3 (2013): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2012-0026.

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Abstract This paper deals with Pyrrhonian skepticism. It argues that the central argument presented by Jonathan Barnes in favor of the view that skepticism precludes the possession of any belief fails. In brief, Barnes maintains that, because skepticism requires suspending judgment whether criteria of truth exist, no skeptic can, consistently with her skepticism, possess a criterion of truth; this entails, he argues, that no skeptic can make any judgments about anything and, hence, cannot come to possess any beliefs. I evaluate this argument in two ways: first, if we understand criteria of tru

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6

Goldberg, Sanford C. "Skepticism and Inquiry." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 10, no. 3-4 (2020): 304–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-bja10019.

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Abstract In this paper, I am interested in skepticism’s downstream effects on further inquiry. To account for these downstream effects, we need to distinguish (i) the (skepticism-supporting) reasons for doubting whether p, (ii) one’s other background beliefs bearing on the prospects that further inquiry would improve one’s epistemic position on p, and (iii) the value one assigns to determining whether p. I advance two claims regarding skepticism’s downstream effects on inquiry. First, it is characteristic of “radical” forms of skepticism that (i) is sufficient to undermine the prospect describ

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7

Vollbrecht, Lucy Alsip. "Skepticism & Feminism." Southwest Philosophy Review 40, no. 1 (2024): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview20244012.

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What is the value of Pyrrhonizing skepticism today? As an epistemologist, I am sympathetic to skepticism, but as a feminist, I am concerned by it. In this short paper, I’ll interrogate the troubled relationship between skepticism and feminism. More specifically, I’ll ask: Can feminists be skeptics? In the first half of the paper, I’ll articulate one feminist objection to skepticism. In the second half, I’ll suggest a pathway forward by which feminists can harness the power of the skeptical method to antiskeptical ends. Part 1 of my analysis engages Brian Ribeiro’s recent book Pyrrhonizers (202

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8

Maia Neto, José R. "THE SKEPTICAL CARTESIAN BACKGROUND OF HUME'S "OF THE ACADEMICAL OR SCEPTICAL PHILOSOPHY" (FIRST INQUIRY, SECTION 12)." Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 56, no. 132 (2015): 371–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2015n13204jrmn.

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ABSTRACT In section XII of the First Inquiry, Hume refers to the two Hellenistic schools of skepticism (Academic and Pyrrhonian) to present his own view of skepticism, which, however, depends on the ancient skeptics mainly indirectly. Hume's view of skepticism depends crucially on Descartes and post-Cartesian philosophers such as Pascal, Huet, Foucher and Bayle, who reacted skeptically to major Cartesian doctrines but followed one version or other of Descartes's methodical doubt. Although all these post-Cartesian philosophers are relevant in section XII, I focus on the topics in which Descarte

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9

Rusin, Jill. "Characterizing Skepticism’s Import." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 2, no. 2 (2012): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221057012x627249.

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This paper discusses a common contemporary characterization of skepticism and skeptical arguments—that their real importance is instrumental, that they “drive progress in philosophy.” I explore two possible contrasts to the idea that skepticism’s significance is thus wholly methodological. First, I recall for the reader a range of views that can be understood as ‘truth in skepticism’ views. These concessive views are those most clearly at odds with the idea that skepticism is false, but instrumentally valuable. Considering the contributions of such ‘truth in skepticism’ theorists, I argue, sho

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10

Brandom, Robert B. "Fighting Skepticism with Skepticism." Facta Philosophica 2, no. 2 (2000): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/factaphil2000229.

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Wang, Jaesun, and Seoyong Kim. "Analysis of the Impact of Values and Perception on Climate Change Skepticism and Its Implication for Public Policy." Climate 6, no. 4 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli6040099.

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Climate change is an unprecedented risk that humans have not previously experienced. It is accepted that people are generally worried about global warming. However, it is also a fact that there is a small but increasing number of climate change skeptics. These skeptics do not believe that there is any risk, nor are they concerned with other worrisome facts related to climate change. Skeptics regard the present scientific findings supporting climate change as false artefacts. Our study aimed to explore the factors that influence climate skepticism. In this work, to make a regression model, we e

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12

Prichard, Robert W. "Skepticism About Loss of Skepticism!" Archives of Internal Medicine 151, no. 3 (1991): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1991.00400030140028.

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Prichard, R. W. "Skepticism about loss of skepticism!" Archives of Internal Medicine 151, no. 3 (1991): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.151.3.612.

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14

Claggett, Jennifer, Brent Kitchens, Maria Paino, and Kaitlyn Beisecker Levin. "The Effects of Website Traits and Medical Skepticism on Patients’ Willingness to Follow Web-Based Medical Advice: Web-Based Experiment." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 2 (2022): e29275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/29275.

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Background As people increasingly turn to web-based sources for medical information, we offer some insight into what website traits influence patients’ credibility assessment. Specifically, we control for brand and content length, while manipulating three website traits: authorship, format, and tone. Furthermore, we focus on medical skepticism to understand how patients with high levels of medical skepticism may react to web-based medical information differently. Medical skepticism is related to a patient’s doubts about the value of conventional medical care; therefore, skeptics may have diffe

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15

Baum, Seth. "Superintelligence Skepticism as a Political Tool." Information 9, no. 9 (2018): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info9090209.

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This paper explores the potential for skepticism about artificial superintelligence to be used as a tool for political ends. Superintelligence is AI that is much smarter than humans. Superintelligence does not currently exist, but it has been proposed that it could someday be built, with massive and potentially catastrophic consequences. There is substantial skepticism about superintelligence, including whether it will be built, whether it would be catastrophic, and whether it is worth current attention. To date, superintelligence skepticism appears to be mostly honest intellectual debate, tho

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16

Khoirina, Marisya Mahdia, Tanti Handriana, and Indrianawati Usman. "Consumer skepticism: A systematic literature review on its effects and future research directions." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 8, no. 3 (2025): 1784–92. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6886.

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This systematic literature review (SLR) examines the development, effects, and processes of consumer skepticism within the context of consumer behavior, focusing on its cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions. A comprehensive search in SCOPUS and Web of Science retrieved 32 empirical studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The review reveals that consumer skepticism plays a dual role: it promotes critical thinking and informed decision-making but may also cause distrust, emotional discomfort, and lower brand engagement. Often viewed negatively, s

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17

Stith, Richard. "Will There Be a Science of Law in the Twenty-First Century?" Revue générale de droit 22, no. 2 (2019): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1058125ar.

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The skepticism of the American Legal Realists and their heirs threatens to make a politically neutral science of law impossible and thus to undermine the liberal polity which needs such a science. Ronald Dworkin attempts to refute the skeptics and defend both legal theory and liberalism. However, the author points out, Dworkin and liberalism are themselves skeptics when it comes to moral principles, and, therefore, they cannot wholly escape from similar skepticism with regard to legal principles. Both Anglo-American and Continental legal history are examined in the course of these arguments.

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18

Ramírez-i-Ollé, Meritxell. "‘Civil skepticism’ and the social construction of knowledge: A case in dendroclimatology." Social Studies of Science 48, no. 6 (2018): 821–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312718763119.

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Early Science and Technology Studies (STS) scholars recognized that the social construction of knowledge depends on skepticism’s parasitic relationship to background expectations and trust. Subsequent generations have paid less empirical attention to skepticism in science and its relationship with trust. I seek to rehabilitate skepticism in STS – particularly, Merton’s view of skepticism as a scientific norm sustained by trust among status peers – with a study of what I call ‘civil skepticism’. The empirical grounding is a case in contemporary dendroclimatology and the development of a method

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19

Jacques, Peter. "The Rearguard of Modernity: Environmental Skepticism as a Struggle of Citizenship." Global Environmental Politics 6, no. 1 (2006): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.1.76.

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Environmental skepticism denies the reality and importance of mainstream global environmental problems. However, its most important challenges are in its civic claims which receive much less attention. These civic claims defend the basis of ethical authority of the dominant social paradigm. The article explains how political values determine what skeptics count as a problem. One such value described is “deep anthropocentrism,” or the attempt to split human society from non-human nature and reject ecology as a legitimate field of ethical concern. This bias frames what skeptics consider legitima

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20

Smith, Plínio Junqueira. "Neo-Pyrrhonism: a contemporary version of skepticism." Sententiae 42, no. 3 (2023): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/sent42.03.047.

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This paper presents and argues for a contemporary version of skepticism: neo-Pyrrhonism. Interest in the history of skepticism engendered a new, more complex and attractive conception of skepticism. Accordingly, many philosophers now claim they are skeptics. In line with what they say, I develop neo-Pyrrhonism as I see it. It has a negative part, in which dogmas are criticized, and a positive one: first, the neo-Pyrrhonist lives his life according to his skeptical principles and following everyday life, and, second, he is able to describe philosophically his skeptical view of the world, thereb

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21

Robison, John W. "Skepticism about Skepticism about Moral Responsibility." Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 99, no. 3 (2017): 555–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/papq.12197.

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Dell, Paul F. "Not Reasonable Skepticism, but Extreme Skepticism." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 176, no. 9 (1988): 537–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198809000-00006.

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Alpert, Joseph. "Skepticism About Loss of Skepticism!-Reply." Archives of Internal Medicine 151, no. 3 (1991): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1991.00400030140029.

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Schmid-Petri, Hannah, Silke Adam, Ivo Schmucki, and Thomas Häussler. "A changing climate of skepticism: The factors shaping climate change coverage in the US press." Public Understanding of Science 26, no. 4 (2015): 498–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662515612276.

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Skepticism toward climate change has a long tradition in the United States. We focus on mass media as the conveyors of the image of climate change and ask: Is climate change skepticism still a characteristic of US print media coverage? If so, to what degree and in what form? And which factors might pave the way for skeptics entering mass media debates? We conducted a quantitative content analysis of US print media during one year (1 June 2012 to 31 May 2013). Our results show that the debate has changed: fundamental forms of climate change skepticism (such as denial of anthropogenic causes) ha

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Fosl, Peter S. "Cavell and Hume on Skepticism, Natural Doubt, and the Recovery of the Ordinary." Conversations: The Journal of Cavellian Studies, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/cjcs.v0i3.1298.

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One curious aspect of Stanley Cavell’s investigations into skepticism is his relative neglect of one of philosophy’s most important skeptics, David Hume. Cavell’s thinking about skepticism is located in relation to Wittgenstein, Kant, Emerson, Austin, and others. But while Hume is occasionally mentioned, those encounters are brief and generally dismissive. In “Aesthetic Problems of Modern Philosophy,” for example, Cavell remarks that while “Hume is always a respectable place to begin,” Kant is “deeper and obscurer” (MWM, 88). The important Cavell scholar Timothy Gould follows Cavell in this, w

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Grindal, Matthew, Dilshani Sarathchandra, and Kristin Haltinner. "White Identity and Climate Change Skepticism: Assessing the Mediating Roles of Social Dominance Orientation and Conspiratorial Ideation." Climate 11, no. 2 (2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11020026.

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Prior research has found that white people are more likely to be climate change skeptics. In much of this prior work, white identity is treated as a categorical label, limiting the theoretical and empirical understanding of this relationship. Drawing on survey data from a US national sample of 933 white young adults, we theorize that white identity is a developmental process where people explore the meanings of their racial identity and commit to a white identity marked by enhanced levels of social dominance orientation and conspiratorial ideation, two social-psychological constructs consisten

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27

Beebe, James R. "A Priori Skepticism and the KK Thesis." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 5, no. 4 (2015): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-04010005.

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In a previous article, I argued against the widespread reluctance of philosophers to treat skeptical challenges to our a priori knowledge of necessary truths with the same seriousness as skeptical challenges to our a posteriori knowledge of contingent truths. Hamid Vahid has recently offered several reasons for thinking the unequal treatment of these two kinds of skepticism is justified, one of which is a priori skepticism’s seeming dependence upon the widely scorned kk thesis. In the present article, I defend a priori skepticism against Vahid’s criticisms.

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Sarathchandra, Dilshani, and Kristin Haltinner. "Climate Change Skeptics’ Environmental Concerns and Support for Clean Energy Policy: A Case Study of the US Pacific Northwest." Climate 11, no. 11 (2023): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11110221.

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Resistance to clean energy policy in the United States stems partly from public hesitancy and skepticism toward anthropogenic climate change. This article examines self-declared climate change skeptics’ views of clean energy policy along a continuum of skeptical thought, spanning from epistemic denial to attribution doubt. To perform this, we use data from an online survey administered in the US Pacific Northwest and a series of pilot interviews conducted with skeptics in the same region. Results reveal that skeptics’ support for clean energy policy is consistently linked with their environmen

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29

Macarthur, David. "Exploding the Realism-Antirealism Debate: Putnam contra Putnam." Monist 103, no. 4 (2020): 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/monist/onaa010.

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Abstract Putnam is famous (or infamous) for often changing his allegiance between various forms of realism and antirealism. In this paper I want to use Putnam’s own reflections and insights on the realism-antirealism issue to provide a powerful case for skepticism about the entire debate—in spite of the fact that that is not Putnam’s own ultimate attitude. From this skeptical perspective, I shall argue that Putnam has helped us see that the realism-antirealism debate faces a dilemma: either it resolves into existence questions about particular items that are resolvable by, say, scientific or m

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Haltinner, Kristin, and Dilshani Sarathchandra. "Pro-Environmental Views of Climate Skeptics." Contexts 19, no. 1 (2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536504220902200.

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Using data from interviews with self-identified climate change skeptics, it becomes clear that there is a public misperception about climate change skepticism. Skeptics are concerned about pollution, support environmentally friendly policies, and oppose continued reliance on oil. Current climate change communication is problematic; here, we explore the policies that garner skeptics’ support.

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Janssens, Nicolien. "We Don't Know We Have Hands and it's Fine." Stance: an international undergraduate philosophy journal 13, no. 1 (2020): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/s.13.1.106-117.

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Based on the brain in a vat thought experiment, skeptics argue that we cannot have certain knowledge. At the same time, we do have the intuition that we know some things with certainty. A way to justify this intuition is given by semantic contextualists who argue that the word “knows” is context sensitive. However, many have objected to the intelligibility of this claim. In response, another approach called “moderate pragmatic contextualism” was invoked, which claims that “knows” itself is not context sensitive, but knowledge assertions are. I show, however, that to refute skepticism, moderate

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Janssens, Nicolien. "We Don’t Know We Have Hands and It’s Fine." Stance: An International Undergraduate Philosophy Journal 13 (2020): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/stance2020139.

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Based on the brain in a vat thought experiment, skeptics argue that we cannot have certain knowledge. At the same time, we do have the intuition that we know some things with certainty. A way to justify this intuition is given by semantic contextualists who argue that the word “knows” is context sensitive. However, many have objected to the intelligibility of this claim. In response, another approach called “moderate pragmatic contextualism” was invoked, which claims that “knows” itself is not context sensitive, but knowledge assertions are. I show, however, that to refute skepticism, moderate

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Mills, Ethan. "Three Skepticisms in Cārvāka Epistemology: The Problem of Induction, Purandara’s Fallibilism, and Jayarāśi’s Skepticism about Philosophy." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 12, no. 1 (2021): 46–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-bja10029.

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Abstract The classical Indian Cārvāka (“Materialist”) tradition contains three branches with regard to the means of knowledge (pramāṇas). First, the standard Cārvākas accept a single means of knowledge, perception, supporting this view with a critique of the reliability and coherence of inference (anumāna). Second, the “more educated” Cārvākas as well as Purandara endorse a form of inference limited to empirical matters. Third, radical skeptical Cārvākas like Jayarāśi attempt to undermine all accounts or technical definitions of the means of knowledge (even perception) in order to enjoy a life

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Atkins, Philip, and Ian Nance. "A Problem for the Closure Argument." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 4, no. 1 (2014): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105700-03021102.

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Contemporary discussions of skepticism often frame the skeptic’s argument around an instance of the closure principle. Roughly, the closure principle states that if a subject knows p, and knows that p entails q, then the subject knows q. The main contention of this paper is that the closure argument for skepticism is defective. We explore several possible classifications of the defect. The closure argument might plausibly be classified as begging the question, as exhibiting transmission failure, or as structurally inefficient. Interestingly, perhaps, each of these has been proposed as the corr

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Saunders, Fenella. "Healthy Skepticism." American Scientist 109, no. 4 (2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1511/2021.109.4.194.

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Penner, Myron A. "Religious Skepticism." Toronto Journal of Theology 30, no. 1 (2014): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tjt.2525.

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Almeder, Robert F. "Defeating Skepticism." Philosophical Inquiry 25, no. 1 (2003): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philinquiry2003251/220.

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Pemberton, Harrison J. "Zetetic Skepticism." International Studies in Philosophy 27, no. 2 (1995): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/intstudphil1995272123.

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Hendricks, Vincent F., and John Symons. "Limiting Skepticism." Logos & Episteme 2, no. 2 (2011): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/logos-episteme20112232.

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Hall, Leda McIntyre, and Gareth Morgan. "Suspending Skepticism." Public Productivity & Management Review 18, no. 1 (1994): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3380698.

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Teive, Hélio A. G., Renato P. Munhoz, and Guilherme Ghisoni Silva. "Charcot's skepticism." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 70, no. 11 (2012): 897–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2012001100014.

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This paper brings a short review about a peculiar characteristic of Professor Charcot, the father of neurology: the skepticism, emphasizing his personal view regarding the prognosis of several neurological conditions.

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Higginbotham, James. "Skepticism Naturalized." Philosophical Issues 2 (1992): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1522858.

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Nau, Henry R. "Institutional Skepticism." Foreign Policy, no. 111 (1998): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149400.

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Schneider, Jack. "Cyber Skepticism." Phi Delta Kappan 95, no. 4 (2013): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003172171309500421.

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Galley, Helen F. "Systematic skepticism*." Critical Care Medicine 31, no. 4 (2003): 1284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000060006.78033.d7.

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Upson, Sandra. "Healthy Skepticism." Scientific American Mind 23, no. 2 (2012): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamericanmind0512-58.

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