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Lahučký, Ladislav, Daniel Bajčan i Pavol Trebichalský. "Vertical Zinc Migration in Various Soil Types". Agriculture (Polnohospodárstvo) 57, nr 2 (1.06.2011): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10207-011-0007-y.
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Vertical Zinc Migration in Various Soil TypesIn this contribution the zinc content in selected soil types and soil reaction on zinc loading in kinetic model conditions with knock-down columns filled with soil samples are evaluated. The total zinc content after their draining, finish and decomposition by HF + HClO4mixture and its fractions content in extract of 2 mol dm-3HNO3, in extract of 0.05 mol dm-3EDTA and in extract of 0.01 mol dm-3CaCl2using atomic absorption spectrometry method were determined.The knock-down columns filled with soil samples in model kinetic conditions were used for observation of zinc sorption measure. The maximal water capacity of soils was determined and then solution of 280 mg zinc (ZnSO4.2H2O) per kilogram of soil was applied. The zinc contents in extraction solutions 2 mol dm-3HNO3, 0.05 mol dm-3EDTA and 0.01 mol dm-3CaCl2in drained 0.05 m high soil columns by atomic absorption spectrometry method were determined.The obtained results were evaluated by mathematical-statistical methods - multiple range analysis and linear regression. Achieved data were compared to allowed limit values.The results show different behavior of individual soil types against zinc loading. The soils showed different properties, where zinc migration to the lower column layers was determined. The accent is given to zinc dynamics in neutral and acid soils. The limit value A (140 mg kg-1) was observed in Luvic Cambisol. The limit value A1 (40 mg kg-1) was observed in Eutric Regosol and Luvic Cambisol in upper layer of soil in column. The obtained results show high mobility of zinc in tested soils and thus its risk for ecosystems.
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Padhan, Dhaneshwar, Arup Sen i Biplab Pal. "DTPA-Extractable Zinc in Rice Soils and Its Availability to Rice". Current World Environment 11, nr 2 (25.08.2016): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.2.39.
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Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a fairly wide spread agronomic constraint in many of the world rice production regions. Information on soil Zn distribution is essential for understanding its chemical reactions and bioavailability. In this backdrop, we tried to find out the relationship between physic-chemical properties and DTPA-extractable Zn (available Zn) content of rice soils. For this eighty four (84) surface soil samples (0-20cm) were collected from three villages (viz. Saharapali, Nuagarh and Adgaon) of Bargarh district under the Hirakud Command Area of Odisha. Analytical observations revealed that the soils were slightly acidic in reaction with moderately high content of soil organic carbon. Considering the critical limit of available Zn in soils to be 0.6 mg kg-1, all soils of the study area were found to be well supplied with DTPA-extractable Zn. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content maintained positive and significant correlation with available zinc content in soils. However, soil pH showed significant but negative correlation with available zinc content of soils.
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Han, Ya Fen. "Evaluation of Zinc Pollution in Soils of Suzhou City". Advanced Materials Research 534 (czerwiec 2012): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.534.273.
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Choose Suzhou city’s different functional areas (industrial zone, commercial district, near the station, residential area and urban green space) to collect 55 surface soil samples and determine the zinc content of the soils by XRF and evaluate the zinc pollution level in soils with the methods of geo-accumulation index and zinc pollution index respectively. Result: The fact that the average content of Zn is beyond the soil background value in Anhui province shows soils of Suzhou city have suffered from different degrees of zinc pollution; In industrial zone, commercial district and near the station ,the zinc content of the soils is commonly higher which is mainly related to the transportation and industrial production; the evaluated results of geo-accumulative index and zinc pollution index methods show zinc pollution in soils of Suzhou city belongs to mild pollution and partial moderate pollution and the pollution is particularly serious in industrial zone, commercial district and near the station.
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Saakian, Alexander. "Monitoring the content of manganese, zinc, and cobalt in Haplic Chernozem". АгроЭкоИнфо 4, nr 46 (19.08.2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20214416.
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The paper uses the materials of local agroecological monitoring of arable soils of the Belgorod region on the content of manganese, zinc, and cobalt in haplic chernozem of the steppe part of the Belgorod region. The content of manganese, zinc and cobalt in the arable horizon was 1.42, 1.22 and 1.23 times higher than in the parent rock, respectively. A strong correlation was established between the total contents of zinc and cobalt in the soil profile (r=0.77), and the bonds of manganese with zinc and cobalt had the strength of an average value (r=0.59 and r=0.55). The content of mobile forms of the studied trace elements in haplic chernozem is at a low level. The main reason for the shortage of mobile forms of manganese, zinc and cobalt is their low background content in virgin soil. Keywords: HAPLIC CHERNOZEM, GROSS CONTENT, CONTENT OF MOBILE FORMS, MANGANESE, ZINC, COBALT
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Poláková, Šárka, i Miroslav Florián. "Balance and forms of zinc in soil and its uptake by plants". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, nr 1 (2006): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654010059.
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In this paper, zinc flows in arable soils of the Czech Republic and zinc fractions in arable soils are studied. Furthermore, a zinc uptake by agricultural plants is focused. Based on a database of the programme The basal soil monitoring system (BSMS) a static zinc balance for arable soils on the national level was assessed. This programme is carried out by The Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (CISTA) in Brno. As a representative for the zinc balance calculation, 121 monitoring plots were chosen. The Czech Republic net zinc fluxes ranged from –1250 g.ha– 1.y– 1 to +5595 g.ha– 1.y– 1, median +453 g.ha– 1.y– 1. The maximum zinc fluxes are typical of plots with manure applications. An atmospheric deposition is the most important input of zinc into arable soils. It makes 96,6% of the whole inputs. Leaching and run-off are neglected in this zinc balance by reason of missing credible data. The project Examination of zinc availability in dependence on its form in soil was established to provide more information about behavior of zinc in soil. The first step was starting a greenhouse pot experiment, which was focused on comparison of several extraction agents (AR, 2M HNO3, 0.43M HNO3, Mehlich III, DTPA, CAT, 1M NH4NO3, 0.01M CaCl2). Four soils with increasing zinc content were picked out for this experiment (Domanínek, Chrlice, Kutná Hora, Hlízov). Total zinc contents in these selected soils ranged from 156.8 to 583.7 ppm in dry matter (Aqua regia extraction). Contents in plants were in wide range from 20.7 to 273 ppm in dry matter according to the plant variety and used soil. Strong correlations between 0.43M HNO3, Mehlich III, DTPA and CAT were proved. Using of weaker extraction agents enabled to distinguish geogenic and anthropogenic origin of the contamination.
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Hernandez, Jorge David, i Randy Killorn. "Phosphorus fertilizer by-product effect on the interaction of zinc and phosphorus in corn and soybean". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, nr 2 (1.05.2009): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07069.
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The application of high phosphorus fertilizer by-products to farmland is a common practice used to reduce storage volume and disposal cost. However, because Iowa soils are generally high in both phosphorus and zinc, there are environmental and fertility questions concerning their application to farmland. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effect of a soil-applied fertilizer by-product on the zinc-phosphorus relationship in corn and soybean plants grown on three Iowa soil series: Belinda, Downs, and Haig. The soils were mixed with a high-phosphorus fertilizer by-product and plants were also collected and analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content and uptake. Soil samples were analyzed for phosphorus and zinc content. The experiment was repeated, switching pots to assess the residual effect after one cycle of rotation. The treatments were arranged in a totally randomized design with three replications. The results indicated that the high phosphorus fertilizer by-product increased soil and plant concentrations of phosphorus in soybean and corn plants and soils. However, the increase of P concentration did not induce changes in the phosphorus-zinc interaction in corn and soybean plants in any of the studied soils. Key words: Phosphorus, corn, soybean, zinc, sludge, by-products, Zn-P relationship, zinc-phosphorus interaction
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Ihsan Ramadhan, Payizan, i Lazkeen Ahmed Merween Mehmedany. "Zinc Adsorption in Different Calcareous Soils". Journal Of Duhok University 23, nr 2 (14.12.2020): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26682/ajuod.2020.23.2.15.
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Zinc adsorption was studied for ten selective representative soils according the difference amount of clay content, calcium carbonate and organic matter in Duhok governorate, Iraqi-Kurdistan region included (Kanimasi-1&2, Batofa, Zakho, Assih, Semeel, Khanke, Faydi, Zawita and Bamarny locations). Samples were air dried and sieved through a 2-mm sieve to study the physical and chemical characteristics of the soils, forms of zinc and it’s adsorption. Results showed the soluble, DTPA extractable zinc (available), CaCl2 extractable zinc (exchangeable) and total zinc ranged between (0.29 – 0.94), (0.88 – 1.64), (1.71 – 2.05), and (12.25 – 56.15) mg kg-1 respectively. Negative significant correlation found between soluble zinc with pH, also negative significant correlation found between DTPA extractable zinc with exchangeable potassium, bicarbonate and available phosphorus but positive significant correlation found between CaCl2 extractable zinc with pH, total–Zn negatively affected with pH and positively with HCO3 and sand. Results demonstrated that by increasing added zinc concentration to studied soil zinc will be adsorbed zinc adsorbed greatly at temperature 25°C and 48°C. In general total zinc adsorbed at 25C° in six concentrations was less than zinc adsorbed at 48C°. At temperatures 25°C and 48°C the high total amount of zinc adsorbed found in the soil of Zawita and Zakho respectively, but the lower total zinc adsorbed observed in soil of Batofa and Kani masi-2. The quantity of adsorption affected positively by presence of clay, calcium carbonate, active calcium carbonate and cation exchange capacity and negatively affected by the ion concentration of bicarbonate, calcium, potassium, organic matter and sand content.
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Sarkar, A. K., i D. L. Deb. "Fate of fertilizer zinc in a black soil (Vertisol)". Journal of Agricultural Science 104, nr 1 (luty 1985): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600043227.
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Rice is the major food crop grown on black soils of southern India and these soils have problems of high zinc fixation due to high clay content, high pH and dominance of smectite minerals causing zinc deficiency problems. The addition of zinc fertilizers to these soils has often been ineffective as the element is transformed to unavailable forms particularly under flooded rice conditions. Studies on the distribution of fertilizer zinc among different pools of soil zinc (Viets, 1962) could be useful in formulating methods of zinc application for higher efficiency of utilization. An attempt was therefore made to study the transformations of added zinc in soils in field experiments conducted in a rice-rice sequence involving the use of 65Zn as a tracer.
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Haddad, KS, i RG Weir. "Influence of soil properties on the use of soil and plant zinc to predict zinc response in maize". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, nr 4 (1985): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850856.
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The value of using the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) soil zinc and/or the zinc concentration in young maize tops to predict the response, to zinc application, of maize growth on soils from the Liverpool Plains of New South Wales was assessed in a glasshouse experiment. Forty-eight composite soil samples, 23 medium clays (MC) and 25 heavy clays (HC), were collected from the study area and two rates of zinc (0 and 10 �g/g air-dried soil), were applied to each soil in a triplicated randomized block design. Maize was grown for 30 days and the growth response to zinc application was calculated as Bray's percentage yield (%y). Although zinc application generally increased the yield of maize grown on all soils tested (P<0.001), the correlations between %y and soil zinc, plant zinc and soil zinc, and %y and plant zinc of all soils tested, as one group, were not significant. When the soils were treated as two textural groups and the influence of other soil properties on the growth response of maize to zinc application were tested statistically, the %y differed between the MC and HC groups (P<0.05) and between the soils in each group (P<0.001). The multiple regression of %y on soil properties, within each soil group, revealed that, for the MC soils, the phosphorus content, DTPA extractable iron, manganese and zinc, percentage organic carbon and phosphorus sorption capacity were consistently and significantly related to %y and accounted for 93% of variation in %y. For the HC soils, only pH, DTPA-extractable manganese and percentage organic carbon were significantly related to %y and these accounted for 75% of the variation in %y. Zinc concentration in maize tops grown on the untreated soils was 12-40 �g/g. The %y was significantly (P<t0.05) related to zinc concentration in the tops of maize grown on the MC soils (r= 0.63), but not in those grown on the HC soils. These results suggest that, for maize grown in these soils, it is not possible to predict the response to zinc application by considering only zinc levels in soil or in young maize tops.
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M. L. Bubarai, Bapetel, i A. M. Tahir N. A. Abdulkadir. "Levels of Available Zinc in Soil of Teaching and Research Farm Modibbo Adama University, Yola, North East Nigeria". International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, nr 9 (10.09.2021): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1009.052.
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A study was conducted to assess the status of available zinc in soil of Teaching and Research Farm, Modibbo Adama University, Yola North East, Nigeria. Ten soil samples were collected from 0 – 20 and 20 – 50 cm depths to reflect the soil of the study area. The soils were analysed following standard laboratory procedures. Result obtained showed that the soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam, slightly acidic (mean = 6.4 – surface; 6.5 – subsurface soils), very low OC content (mean = 0.35 % – surface; 0.27 % – subsurface soils), low to medium Total N and exchangeable bases. Zinc was generally low to medium (range = 0.18 – 1.71; mean = 1.12 % in surface soils, and range = 0.32 – 2.71; mean = 1.35 % in subsurface soils). Zinc is not correlated with most of the soil properties in both soil depths. In surface soil, a positively correlation with potassium (r = 0.702*) was observed and negative correlation with Total N (r = -0.634*) in subsurface soils. It is recommended that for successful and profitable crop production, application of inorganic fertilizers plus zinc and organic material should be encouraged.
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GUO, J. X., X. M. FENG, X. Y. HU, G. L. TIAN, N. LING, J. H. WANG, Q. R. SHEN i S. W. GUO. "Effects of soil zinc availability, nitrogen fertilizer rate and zinc fertilizer application method on zinc biofortification of rice". Journal of Agricultural Science 154, nr 4 (20.05.2015): 584–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859615000441.
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SUMMARYRice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world and a potentially important source of zinc (Zn) in the diet. The improvement of Zn content of rice is a global challenge with implications for both rice production and human health. The objective of the present study was to identify the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates and Zn application methods on Zn content of rice by evaluating rice production on native soils with different Zn availabilities in 2010/11. The results indicated that Zn application increased rice grain yield and Zn content in grains compared with the control; however, this effect was also affected by the native soil Zn availability, N fertilizer rate and Zn fertilizer application method. The native soil Zn status was the dominant factor influencing grain yield and grain Zn content in response to Zn fertilizer application. Grain Zn content ranged from 19·74 to 26·93 mg/kg under the different Zn statuses. The results also indicated that Zn application method has a significant influence on grain yield. Application of Zn fertilizer to the soil was more effective than the foliar spray on rice grain yield; however, the foliar spray resulted in a greater increase in grain Zn content when compared with soil application. Grain Zn content was affected by application method and displayed the following general trend: soil application + foliar spray > foliar spray > soil application. The experiments investigating the effect of N fertilizer rate combined with Zn application method showed a clear increase in both grain yield and Zn content as the N fertilizer level increased from 200 to 300 kg/ha. In addition, the results also indicated that N content and accumulation increased in all plant tissues, which suggests that Zn application might influence the uptake and translocation of N in rice plants. These results suggest that soil application in addition to a foliar spray of Zn should be considered as an important strategy to increase grain yield and grain Zn content of rice grown in soils with low background levels of Zn-associated diethylene triamine pentaacetate acid. Moreover, this process could be further strengthened by a high N application rate. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the potential of optimizing nutrient management using Zn fertilizer to obtain higher grain yields and higher grain Zn content in fields with low native Zn status.
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Víg, Róbert, Attila Dobos i Zoltán Pongrácz. "Statistical comparison of soil analysing results of chernozem soils". Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, nr 30 (10.10.2008): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/30/2997.
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The soil fertility was degraded as a result of unreasonable tillage, therefore the application of site-specific nutrient replacement is necessary. It is essential for the application of precision fertilization to know the location, extension, soil properties and nutrient-supply of the different soil types ofcultivated areas.We collected soil samples from 580 hectares of land in 2006. Soil samples were collected from every 5 ha in 30 and 60 cm depths during Spring from 20.05.2006 to 12.06.2006 and again in Autumn from 09.19.2006 to 02.10.2006. Soil samples were analysed at the Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science of DE-ATC.The two examined soils are slightly calcareous, weakly saline, poor in zinc. The calcareous chernozem soil is slightly acid, the content of humus, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is medium in this soil. The meadow chernozem soil is slightly alkaline, and properly supplied with humus and potassium, and middling supplied with nitrogen and phosphorus. The meadow chernozem soil is more heterogenous in soil plasticity, lime, saline, nitrogen phosphorus and potassium content and less heterogenous in pH and zinc content than the calcareous chernozem soil.Standard deviation of measured values in pH, soil plasticity, humus and nitrogen content significantly differ between the examined soil types. The soil plasticity, pH, humus, nitrogen and zinc content significantly differ among calcareous chernozem soil and meadow chernozem soil, but the difference in phosphorus content can be statistically proven only in case of Spring soil sampling.
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Wyszkowski, Mirosław, Marzena S. Brodowska i Natalia Kordala. "Trace Element Contents in Maize following the Application of Organic Materials to Reduce the Potential Adverse Effects of Nitrogen". Materials 16, nr 1 (26.12.2022): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010215.
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The plants cultivated in loamy sand contained less iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel, and zinc while containing more chromium, lead, and cadmium than in sand. This study was launched to use organic materials in the form of humic acids (HA) to reduce the potential negative effects of excessive nitrogen fertiliser (ammonium nitrate, urea, and urea and ammonium nitrate solution—UAN) application rates (160 mg N kg−1 soil) on the trace element contents in maize in two soils differing in granulometric composition. HA were applied into the soil three times during the maize vegetation: before the sowing, at the five-leaf unfolded stage, and at the intensive shoot growth stage. The HA doses amounted to 0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 g kg−1 soil. Urea fertilisation increased the cadmium, lead, chromium, and nickel contents and reduced the iron content in maize on both soils. UAN contributed to an increased chromium content being higher than that caused by urea and to reduced iron content in the aboveground parts of maize, as compared to the objects with ammonium nitrate. In the series with ammonium nitrate, the highest dose of HA reduced the manganese, zinc, iron, and cobalt contents in maize on both soils. In the series with urea, however, their reducing effect on the copper and iron contents in maize on both soils was noted. The study also demonstrated a positive reduction in the contents of many other trace elements in maize under the influence of the application of HA (particularly, their highest dose). However, it only concerned one of the soils under study. The application of HA into the soil can be effective in reducing the trace element content in plants and can mitigate the adverse environmental impact of intensive agricultural production.
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LIANG, J., J. W. B. STEWART i R. E. KARAMANOS. "DISTRIBUTION OF ZINC FRACTIONS IN PRAIRIE SOILS". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, nr 3 (1.08.1990): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-034.
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The distribution of Zn in soil fractions was determined for 27 representative prairie soils from Saskatchewan. Total Zn in the 27 soils under study ranged from 19.0 to 106.6 μg g−1 with an average of 62.0 μg g−1. A sequential fractionation showed that 0.2–2.4% of total Zn was exchangeable, 0.4–8.1% was Pb-displaceable, 0.4–4.3% was acid soluble, 1.6–9.7% was associated with Mn oxides, 0.6–4.4% was associated with organic matter and 0.9–5.1% was associated with Fe + Al oxides. Most of the total Zn was present in residual form (66.9–91.0%). Amounts of Zn in exchangeable and Pb-displaceable fractions varied inversely with soil pH and extractable P. DTPA-extractable Zn was correlated with Zn in most of the fractions, except Fe oxide-Zn, residual-Zn and total Zn. This result indicates that DTPA extractable-Zn contains Zn from Mn oxides and organic matter associations in addition to the exchangeable and adsorbed forms. The amount of total Zn was correlated with clay content and cation exchange capacity thus reflecting differences in parent materials. Key words: Soil Zn, Zn fractions, Prairie soils, pH, clay content
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Novosyolova, Elena Sergeevna, Lyudmila Nikolaevna Shikhova i Evgeny Mikhailovich Lisitsin. "Distribution of heavy metals in cutover peat bog soils". Samara Journal of Science 8, nr 3 (5.08.2019): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201983110.
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The paper contains the research results on content of total and mobile heavy metals compounds (lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc) in soils of the cutover peat bog Zenginsky located in the central part of the Kirov Region. As a result of the conducted researches it is revealed that the content of elements in different peat layers in control site (zinc - up to 2,60; copper - up to 0,90; lead - up to 5,60; cadmium - up to 0,59 mg/kg of soil) does not exceed the level of their maximum-permissible concentration and background contents in soils of the Kirov Region. For the undeveloped site the increased content of total and mobile compounds of the studied metals in the top layers is noted; it can be caused by biogenous accumulation of these elements by plants. The developed soils (the drained sites) are characterized by considerable fluctuations of elements content both in different profiles, and in the different layers of the same profile. Here the maximum content of elements in separate layers is much higher than control (zinc - up to 126,0; copper - up to 34,0; lead - up to 17,0; cadmium - up to 1,2 mg/kg of soil). Economic use of the peat bogs leads to an active mineralization of the top part of the remained peat mass. As a result of these processes stability of biogeochemical cycles of separate elements is broken. At the same time, the received data allow to consider soils of control sites as indicators of surrounding environment condition. The good safety of peat deposits gives the opportunity to study processes of accumulation and migration of chemical elements.
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Brennan, RF. "The effectiveness of zinc fertilizers as measured by DTPA soil extractable zinc, dry matter production and zinc uptake by subterranean clover in relation to soil properties of a range of Australian soils". Soil Research 30, nr 1 (1992): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9920045.
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The effectiveness of zinc fertilizer (Zn) on a wide range of Australian soils was examined using subterranean clover (Trifolium subterranean cv. Nungarin) as a test crop in a glasshouse experiment. The initial effectiveness (IE) of zinc fertilizer as measured by dry matter production (DMP), and zinc content (uptake) of subterranean clover (clover) was found to vary markedly among the soil types. No simple linear retationship between the initial effectiveness measured by either dry matter production or uptake and any one soil property was found. IE values were found to be related to the pH (1 : 5 soil :water) (pHw) and the level of DTPA soil extractable zinc measured in the unfertilized soil (Zno). IE based on Zn uptake by clover tops was also related to the organic carbon (OC) (%) content of the soils. The model for IE measured by DMP in a stepwise linear regression was IEDMP = 2.682 - 0.107 pH,-4.852 Zn, (n = 45; r2 = 0-86). IE based on Zn uptake by clover tops was: IEuptake = 10.842 - 0.882 pH, - 0.310 OC (%) - 1.349 Zn, (n = 54; R2 = 0.85). The IE of zinc fertilizer measured by DTPA soil extraction (IEDTPA-zn) was also found to vary markedly among soil types. The level of zinc extracted by DTPA after the addition of Zn fertilizer was found to be affected by clay (%), organic carbon (%) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) (%) content of the range of Australian soils. This relationship could be described by: IEDTPA - Zn = 0.178 + 0.0.002 Clay (%) + 0.014 OC (%) + 0.018 CaCO3 (%) (N = 54, r2 = 0.84)
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Samusik, Elena A., i Sergey E. Golovatyi. "HEAVY METALS IN SOILS AND WHEAT PLANTS IN THE AREA OF INFLUENCE OF A BUILDING MATERIALS ENTERPRISE". Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology., nr 4 (25.12.2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/2521-683x/2021-4-76-88.
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Studies of sod-podzolic soils of forest and agricultural lands in the zone of impact of the enterprise for the production of building materials have shown that gas and dust emissions significantly affect the content of heavy metals in soils. The assessment of the content of gross forms of heavy metals in sod-podzolic soils of forest and agricultural lands adjacent to the territory of JSC «Krasnoselskstroymaterialy» showed widespread soil contamination with cadmium, arsenic and zinc. Soil contamination of forest and agricultural lands with lead is fragmentary. The highest occurrence of samples with an excess of hygienic standards for soils of forest lands was established for gross forms of zinc, and for soils of agricultural lands - for gross forms of cadmium and arsenic. The assessment of mobile forms of metals revealed soil contamination mainly with zinc and lead. Soil contamination with cadmium is insignificant and is fragmentary. It should be noted that the sod-podzolic soils of agricultural lands in the north-eastern direction from the enterprise are characterized by a high level of contamination with mobile forms of zinc and lead. The studies did not reveal an excess of the maximum permissible safe levels of cadmium and lead content in wheat grain and straw, however, the maximum concentrations of these elements in plants of this crop were on average 25-60 % higher in some areas compared to those in control areas, which indicates the presence of local zones in which there is an increased accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural plants. In this regard, it is necessary to organize monitoring of the quality of crop production for the content of heavy metals in the zone of influence of JSC «Krasnoselskstroymaterialy».
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Sadat, Syed, N. Z. Rehman, M. A. Bhat i M. A. Wani. "Zinc Adsorption in Relation to Soil Properties, Analysed with Langmuir and Freundlich Models in Soils of Kashmir Valley". Current Agriculture Research Journal 7, nr 1 (23.04.2019): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.7.1.09.
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The phenomenon of fixation of added zinc in soils considerably affects the availability and efficiency of applied zinc. Pertaining to this situation, different land-use soil samples across the valley were analysed for various physico-chemical properties and adsorption capacities. The results showed that the soils were slightly acidic to alkaline in reaction and differ far and wide in other soil properties. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils showed little variation between the samples and varied from13.3 to 17.2 cmol(p+) kg-1 with an average value of 15.1 cmol(p+) kg-1of soil. The maximum of zinc adsorption were greatly influenced by soil organic matter, clay content and CEC of the soils. The data was fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich equations and the results yielded that the Freundlich equation showed better fit to the sorption data at higher zinc concentrations. However, both the models were having satisfactory results for the obtained data.
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Avdoshchenko, V. G., i A. V. Klimova. "ASSESSMENT OF SOIL HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCHATSKY (KAMCHATKA TERRITORY)". Bulletin оf Kamchatka State Technical University, nr 61 (2022): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17217/2079-0333-2022-61-65-81.
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The results of determining the gross content of zinc, copper and lead in the surface soil layer, collected in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, are presented in the paper. Based on them the heavy metal pollution degree assessment in different places of the city during 2017–2020 is given. It was found that almost everywhere the lead content in soils corresponded to a very high or high degree of contamination. According to the concentration of copper and zinc, the soils were classified as low and medium polluted. During 2017–2020 an increase of copper and zinc concentration in soils was registered. The dynamics of changes in lead concentration, on the contrary, was poorly expressed during 2017–2018. In 2020 a decrease in its content was found in all observed areas. According to the integrated pollution indexes PLI and NPI, the most polluted soils were identified in such areas as ‟Hospital” (2017),‟Botanicheskiy Pereulok” (2018), ‟Stadium Spartak” (2020). All city soils were characterized by a weak degree of potential environmental risk resulting from heavy metal pollution. The obtained data can be used to monitor heavy metal contamination of urbanized territories soils in Kamchatka Territory.
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Samoilenko, Galina Yurievna, Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Bondarevich, Natalia Nikolaevna Kotsyurzhinskaya i Igor Anatolyevich Boriskin. "Monitoring of heavy metal contamination of soil and plants (for example, Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.) of natural ecosystems in Chita urban areas". Samara Journal of Science 7, nr 1 (1.03.2018): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201871121.
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The paper presents data on the content of gross and mobile forms of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in the soils of Chita and its surroundings. The paper contains a comparative analysis of the accumulation (Kn) and movement (KP) coefficients of these microelements in organs ( Potentilla tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht.), relative to their gross content and mobile forms in soils. The authors have revealed that soil samples of the studied sites contain unequal gross amount of heavy metals. In some points (6 and 3) the content of cadmium and zinc exceeded the Mac, that is why such soils have been attributed to heavily polluted. The index of biological activity on mobile forms of heavy metals in all sites significantly exceeded the same index on gross forms. It was found that Potentilla tanacetifolia are accumulators of heavy metal ions. Aboveground bodies accumulate and absorb cadmium and copper especially intensively, thus the content of mobile forms of these metals in the soil is insignificant. Excessive adsorption of trace elements in the phytomass of plants can be connected with surface contamination. According to the content of zinc and lead, the accumulation values in the organs of P. tanacetifolia were characterized by small coefficient values, against the background of their high concentration in the soil.
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Armour, JD, GSP Ritchie i AD Robson. "Extractable zinc in particle size fractions of soils from Western-Australia and Queensland". Soil Research 28, nr 3 (1990): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9900387.
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The zinc (Zn) content of particle size fractions of 12 mainly Zn deficient soils was measured by extraction with three contrasting extractants. The soils, which ranged from sands to a black earth, were from Western Australia and Queensland and particle size fractions (clay, silt, fine sand, coarse sand) were obtained by sieving and sedimentation after ultrasonification of soil suspended in deionized water. The extractants were concentrated HNO3/H2SO4/HClO4 (acid extractable or AE-Zn), DTPA and 0.002 M CaCl2. For each extractant, Zn contents of the fractions and whole soils were correlated with organic carbon and ammonium oxalate extractable Fe and Al. The AE-Zn concentrations in whole soils were 0.6-132 mg kg-1 and high clay soils had higher concentrations (mean 54 mg kg-1) than low clay soils (mean 2 mg kg-1). After fractionation, lowest AE- and DTPA-Zn were found in coarse sand fractions and concentrations increased with decreasing particle size. Clay plus silt fractions contained 60-99% of the whole soil AE-Zn and 76-93% of the whole soil DTPA-Zn. The CaCl2-Zn concentrations were very low (<5.0 �g kg-1) for all soils. In whole soils, DTPA-Zn was only a small proportion, 3.2% and 1.8%, of the AE-Zn in the low clay and high clay soils, respectively. The CaCl2-Zn was generally less than 2% of the DTPA-Zn in whole soils. In whole soils, AE-Zn was correlated with oxalate extractable Fe and with oxalate A1 (r = 0.72 and 0.71, respectively; P <0.01), whereas DTPA-Zn was correlated with oxalate extractable Fe (r = 0.82; P < 0.01). The AE- and DTPA-Zn were correlated with organic carbon only in some fractions. The DTPA- and CaCl2-Zn were not correlated with AE-Zn content, nor was DPTA-Zn correlated with CaCl2-Zn in whole soils or fractions (P<0.05). Dispersion of the soils with ultrasonification in the absence of dispersing agents was not as effective as dispersion with conventional mechanical/chemical dispersion. The percentage of the soil recovered in the clay fraction after sonification was 23-78% of that recovered by the conventional method. Fine and coarse sand contents were similar for either method, indicating that incomplete dispersion of clay by ultrasonification resulted in higher silt contents.
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Yildiz, Ercan, Mehmet Yaman i Ahmet Sümbül. "RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS AND PLANT NUTRIENT CONTENT OF LEAVES IN THE APPLE ORCHARDS". Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, nr 21 (31.07.2022): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.016.
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This study was carried out in 42 orchards located in the lowland of Develi, where the apple cultivation is intense in Kayseri province. The analyses were made to determine pH, CaCO3, EC, organic matter, available phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) in soil samples and nitrogen (N), P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and boron (B) in leaf samples. In the study, the relationships between some physical and chemical properties of the soils and the plant nutrient content of the leaves were evaluated by correlation analysis. In the study, between some physical and chemical properties of soils and the nutritional elements of soils and leaves were found important statistical relations. These relationships were mostly between soil samples rather than leaves. On the other hand, the pH and EC values of the soils showed less significant relationships with the nutrient contents of the samples according to the organic matter and CaCO3 contents of soils. It was determined that the organic matter content of the soils had a positive relationship with all the investigated elements except phosphorus. It has been determined that the relationship between the CaCO3 content and nutritional elements in the soils is statistically significant, it has a positive correlation with potassium and calcium and a negative correlation with other investigated elements. No significant relationships were found between the nutrient contents of the soils and the macro element contents of the leaves. While some important statistical relationships were determined between nutrient contents of the soils and micro element contents of the leaves, the highest correlation was determined between copper and boron contents. It was determined that the copper content of the leaves was positively related to the phosphorus, potassium and magnesium content of the soils and negatively related to the manganese content of the soils.
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Bakaeva, Evgeniia A., i A. V. Eremeyshvili. "Features of the content of movable forms of heavy metals and selenium in soils of the Yaroslavl region". Hygiene and sanitation 95, nr 4 (28.10.2019): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-4-339-343.
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With the use of the method of inversion voltammetry there was analyzed the content of movable forms of trace elements: (selenium, zinc, copper, lead, cadmium) in soils in the Yaroslavl district of the Yaroslavl region, and also content of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium in soils and snow cover in the city of Yaroslavl. According to values of concentrations of movable compounds in soils determined trace elements can be ranked into the following row: zinc > lead > copper > selenium > cadmium. There was revealed insufficient if compared with literature data concentrations, content of movable compounds of selenium, copper and zinc in examined explored soils. The maximal concentrations of lead are revealed in the close proximity to both the city of Yaroslavl and large highways of the city. It indicates to the anthropogenic pollution of soils by this element.
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Tkaczyk, Przemysław, Wiesław Bednarek, Sławomir Dresler, Jaromir Krzyszczak, Piotr Baranowski i Cezary Sławiński. "Relationship between assimilable-nutrient content and physicochemical properties of topsoil". International Agrophysics 31, nr 4 (1.10.2017): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0074.
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Abstract In the years 2008-2011, an environmental study was conducted for Polish soils, focusing on the south-eastern Poland soils, as they exhibit significant acidification. This study aimed at assessing the current pHKCl and the supply of basic macro- (P, K, Mg and S-SO4) and microelements (B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) in the collected soil samples, and also at determining their relationship with the soil agronomic category, humus content and pH class. Soil reaction and humus and macronutrient content were positively correlated with the amount of colloidal clay and particles < 0.02 mm. In the majority of cases, the macro-element content in the soil was positively correlated with soil pH and humus content. As for microelements, a usually significant and positive correlation was found between the soil agronomic category and the content of manganese, iron and zinc, whereas for the content of boron and copper, no such relationship was observed. A significant and positive correlation between soil reaction and the content of manganese, iron and boron was also found. Such correlations were not observed in relation to copper and zinc content. Statistical analysis indicated that the content of boron and manganese depended to the greatest extent on the investigated physicochemical properties.
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Brennan, RF, i JW Gartrell. "Reaction of zinc with soil affecting its availability to subterranean clover. 1. The relationship between critical concentrations of extractable zinc and properties of Australian soils responsive to applied zinc". Soil Research 28, nr 2 (1990): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9900293.
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A number of glasshouse experiments were conducted in which subterranean clover cv. Nungarin was grown in pots of a wide range of Australian soils to which zinc was added. Levels of zinc extractable in DTPA and in ammonium oxalate were determined and related to the growth of clover. DPTA extractable zinc (ZnD) was found to be a reliable predictor of the response of subclover to zinc added to the soils. The critical levels of ZnD, determined for the maximum growth of subterranean clover were found to vary markedly among the soil types. No simple linear relationship between the critical ZnD levels and any one soil property were found. The ZnD critical levels were found to be related to the clay content (%) and pH (1 : 5 water). The selected model in a stepwise linear regression was: Y (DTPA critical level) = -0.087 + 0.039 pH, + 0.005 clay (%). For the non-responsive soils, ZnD was found to be above the calculated critical ZnD level.
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Sturman, V. I., i A. N. Loginovskaya. "BACKGROUND CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS (LEAD, CADMIUM, ZINC, COPPER, NICKEL, ARSENIC, MERCURY) IN SURFACE SOILS OF UDMURTIA CONTROLLED AT ENGINEERING-ECOLOGICAL RESEARCHES". Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 30, nr 3 (29.10.2020): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2020-30-3-285-294.
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Materials of engineering-ecological researches on various economic objects in Udmurtia are processed and systematized. Average (background) concentration of the heavy metals which are subject to obligatory control at engineering-ecological researches (lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, arsenic, mercury) for the main associations of soils and most wide-distributed kinds of soils are defined. It is revealed that with decreasing the soil’s podzol content and increasing the soil’s clay content, concentrations of heavy metals naturally raise. In general, similar soils are characterized by similar concentrations of heavy metals and similar ratios of concentration. It is established that excesses of hygienic standards on such elements as nickel, arsenic and to a lesser extent zinc, copper and cadmium, are not only something exclusive in Udmurtia, but also spreading more and more widely, especially in soils of light structure. The received average concentration can be accepted as background one at the subsequent engineering-ecological researches in the region.
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SINGH, PARMINDER, SAT PAL SAINI i PRITPAL SINGH. "Zinc sorption characteristics and release kinetics from soils with long-term zinc and phosphorus application". Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, nr 11 (16.12.2020): 2156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i11.108582.
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We investigated the effect of long-term phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) application in three soils (Soil-I, Soil-II and Soil-III) with differential P content on Zn sorption and release kinetics to understand the underlying mechanism controlling Zn sorption-desorption reactions. Zn sorption was highest in soil-III (54.4-96.4% of added Zn), and was the lowest in soil-I (44.1-94.3% of added Zn) in no-P applied soils. In soil-III, 60.6-97.6% of applied Zn gets sorbed on soil colloidal complex with P application at 100 mg P kg-1, which was 1.2-11.4% higher at differential levels of Zn application. Results showed that Langmuir sorption maxima (b) and Freundlich’s adsorptive capacity (Y) were lowest for soil-I without P application and was the highest in soil-III with P application. These results suggests that soil-III with P application at 100 mg P kg-1 with highest Zn sorption had the lowest Zn release capacity. Further, these results showed that Elovich equation best described the kinetics of Zn release from three soils with highest value of coefficient of determination (R2=0.93-0.98*, p<0.05) and lowest standard error (S.E.= 0.172-0.256).
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Kaszubkiewicz, Jarosław, Ewa Pora, Dorota Kawałko, Paweł Jezierski i Bernard Gałka. "Comparison of Total Content of Zinc and Arsenic in Soils of Średzka Upland and Wrocław Ice-Marginal Valley". Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 25, nr 4 (10.12.2014): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2014-0021.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to demonstrate that alluvial sediments of Wrocław ice-marginal Valley are characterized by higher con-centrations of metallic elements in relation to the adjacent areas of different soil cover genesis. Studies of zinc and arsenic content in soils were carried out in six municipalities of Średzki district. A total of 117 soil samples from arable land was collected: 80 from Średzka Upland and 37 from Wrocław ice-marginal Valley The process of accumulation of heavy metals in alluvial sediments in the Wocław ice-marginal Valley is so effective that, despite the heavier grain size composition of the soil cover immediately adjacent to Średzka Upland, zinc and arsenic concentrations are higher in the alluvial soils.
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Mukayev, Zhandos, Kulchikhan Janaleyeva, Zhanar Ozgeldinova i Gulmira Mukayeva. "Content of Zinc in Soils of the Alakol Hollow". Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 11, nr 3 (30.12.2014): 1499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1544.
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Kabata-Pendias, A., B. Galczynska i S. Dudka. "Baseline zinc content of soils and plants in Poland". Environmental Geochemistry and Health 11, nr 1 (marzec 1989): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01772068.
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Latushkina, Elena, i Anna Oleynik. "Distribution of heavy metals in anthropogenic soils: on the example of the industrial zone of Moscow". E3S Web of Conferences 169 (2020): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016901023.
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The article presents the results of the assessment of the distribution of heavy metals content in anthropogenic transformed soils of the industrial zone of Moscow. Excesses of norms are shown, geochemical associations are obtained. The work proved to exceed the maximum permissible concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, nickel, zinc, arsenic for eleven test sites per 13.95 hectares of industrial zone in 57% of the obtained empirical data on the content of pollutants in the soil. In the investigated area, the contents of lead, copper, nickel and zinc are not uniformly distributed and are within wide range. No excess of the norm was recorded for mercury. The isolation of two geochemical associations of manmade genesis is justified. One association includes cadmium lead, copper, and zinc with the system-forming element copper. The other consists of nickel and mercury.
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Różański, Szymon. "Fractionation of Selected Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils / Frakcjonowanie Wybranych Metali Ciężkich W Glebach Uprawnych". Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, nr 1 (1.03.2013): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0009.
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Abstract The content of trace elements in soils varies widely and their mobility and availability depends not only on the total content but also on the form of in which these elements occur. The aim of this study was to determine the total content of nickel, lead, zinc and copper in soils used for agriculture, and assess the mobility and phytoavailability of these metals against a background of physical and chemical properties of these soils. In samples taken from three soil profiles (Phaeozem and 2 Fluvisols) the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy in the solutions obtained according to the protocol of modified BCR sequential extraction procedure supplemented with aqua regia digestion. The total content of the analyzed metals in most cases corresponded to the natural values, often not exceeding the geochemical background level. It was only in the one profile of the Fluvisols (Endogleyic Fluvisol) that a higher concentration of zinc and lead was noticed (especially in the surface horizon), slightly exceeding the legal limit. Among the studied metals the lowest phytoavailability was characterized by copper (exchangeable forms on average 4.73% of the total), and the highest by zinc (11.49%). Nickel was the most permanently bound with soil solid phase, and its content in the residual fraction reached 84.46% of the total. Approximately a half of the total lead content was determined as a fraction bound with iron and manganese oxides, while in the case of this metal a significant role in binding of this metal was playing organic matter (fraction bound with organic matter and sulphides - an average of 27.5%). Significant role in the binding of all investigated metals was credited to iron and manganese compounds.
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Lukin, Sergei Victorovich, i Denis Valerievich Zhuikov. "Content and Balance of Trace Elements (Co, Mn, Zn) in Agroecosystems of the Central Chernozemic Region of Russia". Agriculture 12, nr 2 (22.01.2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020154.
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This work is devoted to the study of the provision of arable soils with mobile forms of the most important trace elements (cobalt, manganese, and zinc). In modern Russian agriculture, the low provision of soils with trace elements is one of the reasons leading to lower yields and the deteriorating quality of most crops. The materials of the regional and local agroecological monitoring of soils in Belgorod region, which is part of the Central Black Earth region of Russia, were used in this work. The results of the local agroecological monitoring showed that the average gross contents of manganese, zinc, and cobalt in arable chernozems in the typical forest-steppe zone were respectively 345, 36.5, and 8.48 mg/kg, and in chernozems common in the steppe zone the contents were 397, 42.9, and 9.51 mg/kg. In the distribution of the gross contents of the studied trace elements in the profile of arable chernozems, a tendency of a gradual decrease in their concentrations with increasing depth was revealed. According to the results of the regional agroecological monitoring of arable soils in the Belgorod region for 2015–2018, it was found that the proportion of soils with a low content of mobile compounds of zinc (<2 mg/kg) was 90.3%; for cobalt (<0.2 mg/kg) and manganese (<10 mg/kg), the proportions were 99.3% and 38.6%, respectively. In these soils, it is advisable to introduce microfertilizers containing trace elements that are in deficit. The main sources of the manganese, zinc, and cobalt input to agroecosystems are organic fertilizers, which account for 79.3%, 86.3%, and 66.6% of the total amounts, respectively. Losses of manganese and cobalt from agroecosystems mainly occur as a result of the washing away of arable soils—82.8% and 96.8% of total losses, respectively—and 60.5% of zinc losses are due to alienation by the marketable part of the crop. A positive balance had been a feature of zinc, with an intensity of 106%, while manganese and cobalt had a negative balance, with intensities of 61.3% and 25.3%, respectively.
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Abedi, Tayebeh, Shahin Gavanji i Amin Mojiri. "Lead and Zinc Uptake and Toxicity in Maize and Their Management". Plants 11, nr 15 (25.07.2022): 1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11151922.
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Soil contamination with heavy metals is a global problem, and these metals can reach the food chain through uptake by plants, endangering human health. Among the metal pollutants in soils, zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) are common co-pollutants from anthropogenic activities. Thus, we sought to define the accumulation of Zn and Pb in agricultural soils and maize. Concentrations of Pb in agricultural soil (in Namibia) could reach 3015 mg/Kg, whereas concentrations of Zn in soil (in China) could reach 1140 mg/Kg. In addition, the maximum concentrations of Zn and Pb were 27,870 and 2020 mg/Kg in maize roots and 4180 and 6320 mg/Kg in shoots, respectively. Recent studies have shown that soil properties (such as organic matter content, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), texture, and clay content) can play important roles in the bioavailability of Zn and Pb. We also investigated some of the genes and proteins involved in the uptake and transport of Zn and Pb by maize. Among several amendment methods to reduce the bioavailability of Zn and Pb in soils, the use of biochar, bioremediation, and the application of gypsum and lime have been widely reported as effective methods for reducing the accumulation of metals in soils and plants.
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Das, Kuntal, Raman Dang, T. N. Shivananda i Pintu Sur. "Interaction Effect between Phosphorus and Zinc on their Availability in Soil in Relation to their Contents in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)". Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.63.
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A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore to study the interaction effect between phosphorus and zinc on their availability in soil in relation to their contents in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana). The results show that the amount of available P and Zn content in soil has been found to increase initially and, thereafter, the amount of the same decreased with the progress of plant growth up to 60 days irrespective of treatments. The amount of P and Zn in soils showed an increase with their separate applications either as soil or foliar spray while that of the same value significantly decreased both in soils and plants due to their combined applications, suggesting a mutual antagonistic effect between Zn and P affecting each other's availability in soil and content in the stevia plant.
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Ibnumaskhudova, Patimat M., Patimat D. Kazanbieva, Umiyat A. Magomedova, Khadizhat N. Abdurazakova, Zarema Z. Surkhaeva i Sevdet S. Ibragimova. "Concentration of Certain Trace Elements in the Soils of Dagestan Lowlands and Its Medical and Ecological Significance". Journal of Medical and Biological Research, nr 1 (10.02.2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z045.
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Neurological and endocrine diseases, being widespread and producing significant impact on peopleʼs health as well as increasing the risk of disability of the working population (thus burdening the state budget), remain a most important medical and economic problem today. The study aimed to establish a link between these pathologies and the content of trace elements (cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese) in the soils of Dagestan plains. The concentration of active forms of cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese in the soil was established using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer model 170-70 (Hitachi, Japan) at the Biogeochemistry Laboratory of the Caspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. To determine the morbidity rate in the population, we turned to the data of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Dagestan. The study revealed that the relevant pathologies in Dagestanʼs population, leading to disability, are caused by the trace element composition of the soil. Having compared the data on the content of cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese in the soils of the republicʼs lowland districts (Kizilyurt, Khasavyurt, Babayurt) and the prevalence of endocrine and neurological pathologies, we found a high correlation. The number of patients was in direct proportion to the content of manganese and in inverse proportion to the content of cobalt, copper and zinc. However, in Kizlyar District endocrine pathologies only correlated with zinc in the soil, which, apparently, can be explained by the local diet, fish products playing an important role, and by the fact that the territory is often flooded with coastal waters, changing the elementsʼ concentration in the soil.
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Tkachuk, Oleksandr, i Victoria Verhelis. "Intensity of Soil Pollution by Toxic Substances Depending on the Degree of Its Washout". Scientific Horizons 24, nr 3 (28.08.2021): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.24(3).2021.52-57.
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A significant degree of ploughness of agricultural lands of Ukraine has led to increased erosion and the creation of soils of varying degrees of washout, which leads to dehumification and contamination of soils with toxic substances. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to establish the features of horizontal migration and accumulation of heavy metals of lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc, trace elements of boron and manganese, radionuclides of caesium and strontium on podzolic heavy loamy chernozems with varying degrees of washout: non-eroded, weak and medium washout, conditioned by the development of erosion processes. During the study, spectrophotometric, colorimetric, gamma-spectrometric, and radiochemical methods were used to determine the content of toxic substances in the soil. The study results showed that on slightly washed soils, the content of humus is 12.9% less, easily hydrolysed nitrogen – 13.3%, mobile forms of phosphorus – 51.1%, mobile potassium – 34.9% less than on slightly washed soils. The humus content on medium-washed soil was 8.8% less than on lightly washed soil, easily hydrolysed nitrogen – 14.3% less, mobile phosphorus – 15.3% more, mobile potassium – 42.9% more. A strong horizontal migration of mobile lead forms in washed podzolic heavy loamy chernozem was established, which increases with increasing degree of soil washout with the content of mobile lead forms on medium-washed soil by 24% more than on non-eroded soil. The same dependence was established on the content of mobile forms of zinc in the soil, with their predominance on medium-washed soil by 17 %, compared to non-washed. The content of mobile forms of copper is lower on slightly washed soil, compared to non – washed soil by 5%, boron – 18.8% less on non-washed soil, compared to medium-washed, and the content of mobile forms of manganese increases by 3.3% from slightly to medium-washed soil. It was also found that the concentration of caesium decreased by 25.6% on medium-washed soils, compared to non-washed ones
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Lisowska, Aneta, Barbara Filipek-Mazur, Andrzej Kalisz, Zofia Gródek-Szostak i Agnieszka Kowalczyk. "Supplementation of Soil with Waste Sulfur and Its Effect on Availability of Mn and Zn". Agronomy 12, nr 11 (28.10.2022): 2679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112679.
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Sulfur is a necessary nutrient for the proper functioning of living organisms, both plants and animals. However, following pro-environmental activities carried out for many years, there is now a deficit of this element in the soils of many countries. The aim of this model study was to determine the effect of the application of waste elemental sulfur and its mixtures with organic materials (cattle manure, digestate and biochar) on the availability of manganese and zinc in soils. In addition to the standard analysis of variance (ANOVA), the authors propose various methods of advanced statistical analysis, e.g., simplified linear or polynomial regression model development, multiple regression analysis, heatmap statistics and principal component analysis (PCA). The presented findings indicate significant relationships between the soil pH value, S-SO4, Zn and Mn contents, dehydrogenase activity, and experimental duration. The results of regression analysis revealed that the applied materials had a more significant influence on the zinc content than on the manganese content during the incubation period.
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Mahata, MK, P. Debnath i SK Ghosh. "Critical limits of zinc in soil and rice plant grown in alluvial soils of West Bengal, India". SAARC Journal of Agriculture 10, nr 2 (12.03.2014): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18334.
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A study was conducted in 22 alluvial soils of West Bengal, India to estimate the critical limit of Zn in soil and rice plant for predicting the response of rice (Oryza sativa) to zinc application. The DTPA-extractable Zn was positively and significantly correlated with CEC, organic carbon and clay contents and negatively correlated with pH, silt and sand contents of soil. The DTPA-extractable Zn also showed a positive correlation with dry matter yield and plant Zn content. The critical concentration of Zn in these soils was established at 0.75 mg kg-1 for rice and that of 28.0 mg kg-1 in the plant tissue. Soil containing Zn below the critical limit responded appreciably to Zn fertilization. A negative response to Zn application was also observed at its higher level. The average dry matter yield increases with increasing level of Zn application up to 2.5 mg kg-1 in Zn deficient soils. The average response to Zn application in rice in Zn deficient soils was found to be 68.5% and 19.9% in Zn adequate soils. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18334 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 137-146 (2012)
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Sharma, B. D., i J. C. Katyal. "Evaluation of amounts, methods and sources of zinc application to wheat in flood plain soils". Journal of Agricultural Science 106, nr 1 (luty 1986): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600061700.
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SUMMARYField experiments were conducted in a zinc-deficient flood plain alluvial soil to study the effect of amounts, methods and sources of zinc application on the yield and uptake of zinc by wheat. Zinc was applied at 0, 5 and 10 kg Zn/ha as zinc sulphate and zinc oxide either broadcast and mixed in the soil or drilled below the seed. Spray application of zinc was also tested. Irrespective of the source, grain yield and zinc uptake significantly increased up to 10 kg Zn/ha. Soil-applied zinc was highly correlated with yield and zinc uptake in the two field experiments. Grain yield was also found to be significantly correlated with zinc content of grain (r = 0·78), straw (r = 0·72) and flag leaf (r = 0·66). When applied at the rate of 10 kg Zn/ha, broadcasting of zinc sulphate and drilling of ZnO below the seed were equally effective in increasing grain yield of wheat. Foliar spray of zinc sulphate was an effective emergency method, but in highly zinc-deficient soils it did not compare well with soil application of zinc.
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Voegelin, Andreas, Gerome Tokpa, Olivier Jacquat, Kurt Barmettler i Ruben Kretzschmar. "Zinc Fractionation in Contaminated Soils by Sequential and Single Extractions: Influence of Soil Properties and Zinc Content". Journal of Environmental Quality 37, nr 3 (maj 2008): 1190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0326.
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Kuziemska, Beata, Wiesław Wieremiej i Dawid Jaremko. "ZINC AND COPPER FRACTIONS IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH NICKEL". Polish Journal of Soil Science 48, nr 1 (9.02.2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2015.48.1.21.
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<p>Soil subject to a three-year pot experiment was analyzed, in which the following factors were considered: (i) soil contamination with nickel (0, 75, 150 and 225 mg Ni kg-1 of soil); (ii) liming (0 Ca and Ca in a dose calculated according to 1 Hh of soil); (iii) organic fertilization (with no organic fertilization, rye straw and brown coal from the Turów coalmine). The test plant was orchardgrass, which was harvested in the amount of four cuts each year of the experiment. The copper and zinc fractions were assessed using the BCR method, whereas the pH was calculated using the potentiometer method. The total content of copper and zinc in the analyzed soil did not exceed the values of the geochemical background of the soils of Poland. No impact of the varied content of nickel in the soil on the total content and distribution of Cu and Zn was found in the investigated fractions. Liming caused an increase in the total content of zinc in the analyzed soil and a decrease in the content of Cu and Zn in the F1 fraction. The straw and brown coal caused an increase in the content of both metals in the soil in the F3 fraction.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Analizowano glebę po trzyletnim doświadczeniu wazonowym, w którym uwzględniono następujące czynniki: 1. zanieczyszczenie gleby niklem (0,75, 150 i 225 mg Ni kg-1 gleby); 2. wapnowanie (0 Ca i Ca w dawce wyliczonej wg 1 Hh gleby); 3. nawożenie organiczne (bez nawożenia organicznego, słoma żytnia i węgiel brunatny pochodzący z kopalni w Turowie). Rośliną testowa była kupkówka pospolita, której w każdym roku eksperymentu zebrano po cztery pokosy. Frakcje miedzi i cynku oznaczono metodą BCR, a pH metodą potencjometryczną. Ogólna zawartość miedzi i cynku w analizowanej glebie nie przekraczała wartości tła geochemicznego gleb Polski. Nie wykazano wpływu zróżnicowanej ilości niklu w glebie na zawartość ogólną i rozmieszczenie Cu i Zn w wydzielonych frakcjach. Wapnowanie spowodowało zwiększenie ilości ogólnej cynku w analizowanej glebie oraz zmniejszenie udziału Cu i Zn we frakcji F1. Słoma i węgiel brunatny spowodowały zwiększenie w glebie ilości obu metali oraz ich udziału we frakcji F3.</p>
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García-Navarro, Francisco Jesús, Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta, Jesus Garcia-Pradas, Jose A. Amoros, Caridad Perez de los Reyes i Sandra Bravo. "Zinc Concentration and Distribution in Vineyard Soils and Grapevine Leaves from Valdepeñas Designation of Origin (Central Spain)". Sustainability 13, nr 13 (1.07.2021): 7390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137390.
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(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate zinc contents in leaves and soils of the Valdepeñas Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), situated in central Spain. Zn distribution maps of leaves and soils were obtained. (2) Methods: Ninety soil profiles were described, sampled and analyzed. Furthermore, vineyard leaves were collected randomly in each of the analyzed soil vineyard profiles. Soil and leaf samples were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence. (3) Results: The mean total Zn concentrations in vineyard soils were in the range of 16.2–153.7 mg·kg−1, with a mean of 47.5 mg·kg−1. The obtained values above the 95th percentile (between 81.3 and 153.7 mg·kg−1) could be affected by different parent materials or Zn agricultural treatments in vineyards. Contents in different soils follow the order Entisol > Alfisol > Inceptisol. The average Zn content value in leaves was 23.8 mg·kg−1 and oscillated between 11.5 and 93.3 mg·kg−1; minor differences were detected between soil types, with the highest value in plants grown on soils without carbonates. (4) Conclusions: The obtained values are optimal for vine cultivation. The bioaccumulation factors in leaves were lower than unity (0.24–0.53 range). This means that the Zn bioaccumulation process is relatively low in the soil–grapevine system. This study serves as a reference to identify areas that present Zn deficiencies or risk of contamination.
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Hossen, MAM, SA Lira, MY Mia i AKMM Rahman. "Soil Nutrient Status of Brahmaputra Floodplain Area in Tangail Sadar Upazila for Agricultural Uses". Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 8, nr 2 (29.02.2016): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v8i2.26856.
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Soil samples from high land, medium high land, medium low land and low land of Brahmaputra Floodplain area showed that pH of the soils were slightly acidic; organic matter (OM) content was medium; total nitrogen (N), available potassium (K) and boron (B) content were low; available phosphorus (P) content was very low; available sulfur (S) and calcium (Ca) content were medium to very high; magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) content were low to optimum; copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) content were very high suggesting the fact that soils of this area is moderately suitable for agricultural uses.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 11-14 2015
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Kinaci, G., i E. Kinaci. "Effect of zinc application on quality traits of barley in semi arid zones of Turkey". Plant, Soil and Environment 51, No, 7 (19.11.2011): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3594-pse.
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Field experiments were carried out to study effects of zinc application on quality traits of barley in 1994–1996. The treatments were applied as 0 and 23 kg/ha of zinc sulphate and incorporated into soil before sowing. The experimental design was split plot with four replications. Barley genotypes responded differently to zinc application in relation to thousand grains weight, protein content and starch content. A significant increase was determined for thousand grain weight in cultivars Tokak 157/37 and Cumhuriyet 50, for protein content in Orza, Bülbül 89 and Anadolu 86, for starch content in Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50, while a significant decrease has been found for thousand grain weight in Karatay 94 and Obruk 86 and for protein content in Karatay 94, Cumhuriyet 50 and Tarm 92. When feeding and malting quality are considered together, Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50 are the most suitable cultivars for growing in zinc-applied soils of semi arid areas.
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Moghtaderi, Tahereh, Ata Shakeri i Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo. "Potentially Toxic Element Content in Arid Agricultural Soils in South Iran". Agronomy 10, nr 4 (14.04.2020): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040564.
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Potentially toxic elements (PTE) are considered to be dangerous threats, both for human health and the environment. Here, the contamination level, sources, and ecological risks posed by PTE were investigated in 19 topsoils from agricultural lands in the Bandar Abbas County on the southern coast of Iran. The soil fraction <63 μm was used for the analysis of the pseudototal contents of PTE (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and zinc). The results were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlations, different pollution indices [enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (Cf), and modified degree of contamination (mCd), and the potential ecological risk index (PERI). The results of the pollution indices showed that the contamination levels of the studied agricultural soils are low to moderate, while the average PERI values indicate that the ecological risks of PTE range from low to high in the soils of the studied area. Correlations and PCA analyses suggest that studied elements have three possible origins: geogenic (chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, vanadium, and zinc), anthropogenic (cadmium, nickel, phosphorus and lead) and atmospheric (arsenic) sources. These findings are helpful for the long-term assessment of PTE in the Bandar Abbas County.
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Hidoto, Legesse, Walelign Worku, Hussein Mohammed i Taran Bunyamin. "Effects of zinc application strategy on zinc content and productivity of chickpea grown under zinc deficient soils". Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, ahead (2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162017005000009.
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Akter, Sanjida, Golum Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Zakaria Alam, Toshihiro Watanabe i Tofazzal Islam. "Zerovalent Iron Modulates the Influence of Arsenic-Contaminated Soil on Growth, Yield and Grain Quality of Rice". Stresses 1, nr 2 (28.04.2021): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stresses1020008.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of zerovalent iron (ZVI/Fe0) on growth, yield and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. BRRI dhan49 in arsenic (As)-contaminated soils. The pot experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design (CRD). The treatments on rice applied were As in soils at As0 (0 mg kg−1), As20 (20 mg kg−1), and As40 (40 mg kg−1) with a combination of ZVI at ZVI0 (0%), ZVI0.5 (0.5%), ZVI1.0 (1.0%), and ZVI1.5 (1.5%) with three replications. Contents of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and As in grains of rice; and Fe and As content in cultivated soils were determined. The application of ZVI had negative or no effect on shoot weight, tiller number, and grain yield. Although application of ZVI had little or no effect on thousand grain weight, P, K, Zn, and Mn of rice grains, Fe content in rice grains was increased by ZVI treatments in a dose-dependent manner. The grain As content was non-significantly reduced by the ZVI application. Soil bacterial population was negatively influenced by the ZVI in a dose-dependent manner which might be linked with As content in the soils. Therefore, a further elaborative study is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of the effects of ZVI and soil As on rice and rhizosphere soil microorganisms.
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B, Minjmaa, i Oyunchimeg T. "Sources of heavy metal contamination in landfill soil covers of Ulaanbaatar". Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, nr 03 (9.05.2018): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v22i03.966.
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The aim of the study was to determine the source for contents of heavy metals in soils of landfill sites in Ulaanbaatar. Samples were collected from ash of the burned waste near the landfill sites to identify content of heavy metals such as plumbum, chromium, cadmium, nickel and zinc. There are total of 300 mg/kg chromium and 700 mg/kg zinc identified from ash of burned electrical wire, 1000 mg/kg plumbum is identified from the ash of burned tires. According to the comparison of heavy metal contents in landfill sites, landfill of industrial waste has higher content rate of chromium and cadmium than other landfill sites. These open burnings and industrial waste have considerable influences on contaminated soil with heavy metals. This is not only a source for soil contamination but also a risk to air and water pollution or resident health. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop waste management for human health and environmental protection.
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Watts, Cecilia, Mohamad Aslam, Nilupa Gunaratna, Anuraj Shankar, Hugo De Groote i Paul Sharp. "Agronomic Biofortification of Maize with Zinc Fertilizers Increases Zinc Uptake from Maize Flour by Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells". Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29.05.2020): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa067_080.
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Abstract Objectives Zinc deficiency is prevalent in many low- and middle-income countries. Maize is an important staple food source in many of these regions, however, it contains low levels of nutritionally important minerals including zinc. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that application of zinc-containing fertilisers would increase both the zinc content of, and amount of zinc available for absorption from, maize flour. Methods Maize was grown in pots in zinc-deficient soils (<1.22 mg/L) at the Bako Agricultural Research Centre, Ethiopia. Zinc (ZnSO4) was applied via several routes: directly to the soil; in the side dressing; as a foliar application; or through seed priming. Zinc content of maize flour samples was measured by ICP-OES. Flour samples were then subjected to simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and zinc uptake by human intestinal Caco-2 cells was measured using ICP-MS. Results Addition of zinc to the soil alone did not increase zinc uptake by Caco-2 cells compared with untreated control maize. In contrast, addition of ZnSO4, to the side dressing (3.6-fold increase), through foliar application (2.9-fold increase), or through seed priming (4.2-fold increase) significantly increased zinc uptake compared with untreated controls and the soil zinc treatment groups (1-way ANOVA and Tukey's test; P < 0.05). Zinc uptake by Caco-2 cells was correlated significantly with the zinc content of the flour (r2 = 0.24; P < 0.02). Conclusions Together, these data demonstrate that several fertilisation methods can be used to increase zinc content of maize flour. This additional zinc is, at least partly, available for absorption by human intestinal epithelial cells. Agronomic biofortification is therefore a promising strategy to combat zinc deficiency in vulnerable populations. Funding Sources This work was funded in part by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.