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Wei, Jing, Sungdong Kim, Hyunhoon Jung, and Young-Ho Kim. "Leveraging Large Language Models to Power Chatbots for Collecting User Self-Reported Data." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8, CSCW1 (2024): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3637364.
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Large language models (LLMs) provide a new way to build chatbots by accepting natural language prompts. Yet, it is unclear how to design prompts to power chatbots to carry on naturalistic conversations while pursuing a given goal such as collecting self-report data from users. We explore what design factors of prompts can help steer chatbots to talk naturally and collect data reliably. To this aim, we formulated four prompt designs with different structures and personas. Through an online study (N = 48) where participants conversed with chatbots driven by different designs of prompts, we assessed how prompt designs and conversation topics affected the conversation flows and users' perceptions of chatbots. Our chatbots covered 79% of the desired information slots during conversations, and the designs of prompts and topics significantly influenced the conversation flows and the data collection performance. We discuss the opportunities and challenges of building chatbots with LLMs.
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Kędzia, Paweł, Maciej Piasecki, Ewa Rudnicka, and Konrad Przybycień. "Automatic Prompt System in the Process of Mapping plWordNet on Princeton WordNet." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 13 (June 21, 2015): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2013.008.
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Automatic Prompt System in the Process of Mapping plWordNet on Princeton WordNetThe paper offers a critical evaluation of the power and usefulness of an automatic prompt system based on the extended Relaxation Labelling algorithm in the process of (manual) mapping plWordNet on Princeton WordNet. To this end the results of manual mapping – that is inter-lingual relations between plWN and PWN synsets – are juxtaposed with the automatic prompts that were generated for the source language synsets to be mapped. We check the number and type of inter-lingual relations introduced on the basis of automatic prompts and the distance of the respective prompt synsets from the actual target language synsets.
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Wang, Fengxiang, Wanrong Huang, Shaowu Yang, Qi Fan, and Long Lan. "Learning to Learn Better Visual Prompts." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 6 (2024): 5354–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i6.28343.
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Prompt tuning provides a low-cost way of adapting vision-language models (VLMs) for various downstream vision tasks without requiring updating the huge pre-trained parameters. Dispensing with the conventional manual crafting of prompts, the recent prompt tuning method of Context Optimization (CoOp) introduces adaptable vectors as text prompts. Nevertheless, several previous works point out that the CoOp-based approaches are easy to overfit to the base classes and hard to generalize to novel classes. In this paper, we reckon that the prompt tuning works well only in the base classes because of the limited capacity of the adaptable vectors. The scale of the pre-trained model is hundreds times the scale of the adaptable vector, thus the learned vector has a very limited ability to absorb the knowledge of novel classes. To minimize this excessive overfitting of textual knowledge on the base class, we view prompt tuning as learning to learn (LoL) and learn the prompt in the way of meta-learning, the training manner of dividing the base classes into many different subclasses could fully exert the limited capacity of prompt tuning and thus transfer it power to recognize the novel classes. To be specific, we initially perform fine-tuning on the base class based on the CoOp method for pre-trained CLIP. Subsequently, predicated on the fine-tuned CLIP model, we carry out further fine-tuning in an N-way K-shot manner from the perspective of meta-learning on the base classes. We finally apply the learned textual vector and VLM for unseen classes.Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets validate the efficacy of our meta-learning-informed prompt tuning, affirming its role as a robust optimization strategy for VLMs.
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Zhang, Chenrui, Lin Liu, Chuyuan Wang, et al. "PREFER: Prompt Ensemble Learning via Feedback-Reflect-Refine." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 17 (2024): 19525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i17.29924.
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As an effective tool for eliciting the power of Large Language Models (LLMs), prompting has recently demonstrated unprecedented abilities across a variety of complex tasks. To further improve the performance, prompt ensemble has attracted substantial interest for tackling the hallucination and instability of LLMs. However, existing methods usually adopt a two-stage paradigm, which requires a pre-prepared set of prompts with substantial manual effort, and is unable to perform directed optimization for different weak learners. In this paper, we propose a simple, universal, and automatic method named PREFER (Prompt Ensemble learning via Feedback-Reflect-Refine) to address the stated limitations. Specifically, given the fact that weak learners are supposed to focus on hard examples during boosting, PREFER builds a feedback mechanism for reflecting on the inadequacies of existing weak learners. Based on this, the LLM is required to automatically synthesize new prompts for iterative refinement. Moreover, to enhance stability of the prompt effect evaluation, we propose a novel prompt bagging method involving forward and backward thinking, which is superior to majority voting and is beneficial for both feedback and weight calculation in boosting. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our PREFER achieves state-of-the-art performance in multiple types of tasks by a significant margin. We have made our code publicly available.
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Chan, Janet. "Unusual Suspects." Surveillance & Society 21, no. 3 (2023): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v21i3.16102.
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The use of artificial intelligence in facial recognition systems has been controversial. Among issues of concerns is the accuracy of such systems for recognising faces of non-white people. This work turns the debate on its head by showing six images of AI generated faces using identical prompts that include the words “Asian woman” and “facial recognition biometrics person technology” via Text 2 Dream in Deep Dream Generator. Rather than investigating the level of accuracy in facial recognition systems, it demonstrates how a particular AI software creates visual representation of “Asian women.” The experiment explores the interaction between text (prompt) and a particular generative algorithm. It raises questions about the data on which the algorithm is trained, how images are labelled/interpreted in training data, and the underlying power AI algorithms have in reproducing/changing stereotypes. Not transparent to the viewers is the role of the artist in selecting/framing prompts and “starter” images.
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Shafie, Latisha Asmaak, Aidura Aiyub, and Nurul Alia Nafis Najmi. "EXPLORING THE POWER OF GENERATIVE AI: ENHANCING BUSINESS EMAIL WRITING SKILLS FOR L2 LEARNERS." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices 7, no. 25 (2024): 198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijemp.725017.
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L2 learners at higher education often face difficulties in writing business emails in English, which hinder effective workplace communication and academic success. Therefore, higher education institutions should educate their learners about business email literacy. This study analysed how thirty-one business degree Malay students at a public university in Malaysia utilized generative AI tools for composing business emails. These participants presented their reflection investigation on the application of generative AI in business email writing for their group class assignment for English for Business Communication. This study's research approach included a qualitative document analysis on PowerPoint presentation slides of the participants, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings reveal three themes emerged from the study; Theme 1: Preferred generative AI, Theme 2: Optimising generative AI prompts for business email writing, and Theme 3: Ethical usage of AI. Theme 1 has three sub-themes; user friendliness, relevant business contexts and quality generated texts. The results showed that all groups had different AI tools due to their personal choices. Theme 2 has two sub-themes; prompts for external email and prompts for internal email. The participants used generative AI tools for idea expansion and paraphrasing. These L2 learners also wrote specific prompts for different types of email. Two emerging sub-themes of Theme 3 are writing assistance and best practices on ethical usage of generative AI. The participants stressed the significance of understanding plagiarism and effectively using generative AI tools. Learners should be educated on intellectual property and ethical AI tool usage. Higher education institutions should integrate these tools into their courses to enhance business email writing skills and prepare students for AI-driven workplaces, fostering ethical and effective usage.
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Thibert, Dawn Louise, and Thivvia Ragunathan. "The Transformational Power of Expressive Writing." Murmurations: Journal of Transformative Systemic Practice 5, no. 2 (2022): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.28963/5.2.6.
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In this paper we write about our collaboration setting up and running expressive writing groups, which became workshops, in a Child and Adolescent Mental Health service in a National Health Service in London. Thivvia was a psychiatry core trainee on placement and Dawn the lone family therapist. The idea for the group arose during lockdown when we were in the office, and in a chance corridor conversation, we discovered we shared a love of journalling and poetry. Dawn related this to narrative therapy ideas, which resonated well with Thivvia’s cultural storytelling traditions. Creativity sparked between us and together we were able to navigate the power structures in the service and evidence base discourses to get management permission to do this. Thivvia drew on her knowledge of poetry to create prompts to facilitate others to write creatively as a form of self-expression. In this writing, We write in a poetic style congruent with the poetic expression being developed in the workshops. We practice and write with decolonising intent, differentiating our voices, so that our separate nuances can come through as a resistance to dominant white western academic co-writing practices of seeking consensus, which can drown out alternative ways of knowing. Dawn reflects on the decolonial stance she actively adopts to support Thivvia’s instinctive storytelling and ways of knowing that had been suppressed by her medical training. We reflect on the experience throughout, include some of the poems we created and conclude by encouraging others to be bold in bringing in creative practices, offering suggestions of prompts to use to encourage expressive writing.
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Wilkinson, Krista M., and Mary Ann Romski. "Responsiveness of Male Adolescents With Mental Retardation to Input From Nondisabled Peers: The Summoning Power of Comments, Questions, and Directive Prompts." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 5 (1995): 1045–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3805.1045.
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The expressive communication of individuals with cognitive impairments may be directly influenced by a partner’s input, because such individuals often have limited conversational skills. Sequential analyses of dyadic interactions examined the effects of input by 32 normally developing adolescents on responses by male subjects with mental retardation whose communication modes included augmented communication. Results suggested that (a) verbal prompts in the form of questions were significantly more likely to receive responses from subjects with mental retardation than directive prompts, (b) comments were significantly more likely to receive responses from subjects with retardation than were directive prompts, when the nondisabled peer was male, and (c) male subjects with mental retardation were more likely to respond to input from male peers than from females. These data suggest that questions facilitate naturally occurring conversations but underscore the importance of evaluating gender-related effects on interaction involving persons with severe cognitive and communication impairments.
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Keenan, James. "Vulnerability, Conscience, and Integrity." De Ethica 8, no. 1 (2024): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/de-ethica.2001-8819.248110.
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This essay explores how vulnerability, understood not as precarity but as capacious responsiveness, much as the Philosopher Judith Butler identifies it, and recognition are key moral concepts that are prior conditions for the expression of conscience. Appreciating Thomas Aquinas' argument that conscience is neither a power or a habit, but rather an act, the essay argues that Aquinas' inclination synderesis, that prompts us to the good and away from evil, functions in a way similar to vulnerability. Fundamentally, vulnerability prompts us to recognize the neighbor who needs our response.
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Campbell, Elaine. "The Emotional Life of Governmental Power." Foucault Studies, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/fs.v0i9.3057.
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This paper explores the emotional life of governmental power through the affective domains of confidence and respect in criminal justice, in the context of a climate of insecurities and uncertainties with existing modes of governance. The paper problematises some of the key tenets of the governmentality thesis and questions its core assumptions about forms of rationality, processes of subjectivation and the conditions of possibility for ethical conduct. It also prompts us to reconsider the tenets of contemporary neo-liberal governance, its “rationalities of rule,” technologies and apparatuses, how these work to capture hearts as well as minds, and how these may promote an “emotionalised” art of government such that we might properly speak of “emotionalities of rule.”
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Qin, Xingguo, Ya Zhou, and Jun Li. "Multi-Modal Emotion Recognition for Online Education Using Emoji Prompts." Applied Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 5146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14125146.
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Online education review data have strong statistical and predictive power but lack efficient and accurate analysis methods. In this paper, we propose a multi-modal emotion analysis method to analyze the online education of college students based on educational data. Specifically, we design a multi-modal emotion analysis method that combines text and emoji data, using pre-training emotional prompt learning to enhance the sentiment polarity. We also analyze whether this fusion model reflects the true emotional polarity. The conducted experiments show that our multi-modal emotion analysis method achieves good performance on several datasets, and multi-modal emotional prompt methods can more accurately reflect emotional expressions in online education data.
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Lorey, Isabell. "Constituent power of the multitude." Journal of International Political Theory 15, no. 1 (2018): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755088218808308.
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How might we understand a constituent power that is thought not as constitutively juridical but nevertheless as a political power, one that issues from the heterogeneous multitude and develops its collective potentia not by its number but rather in its polyvocality? Such an alternative conception would need to leave gendered connotations, the idea of a masculinist bourgeois subject, and questions of belonging behind. It would need to issue radically from the mutual connectedness of singularities and, against the backdrop of queer-feminist and postcolonial considerations, place the necessity of care and reproduction at its center. Initial prompts for thinking a constituent power that is not constitutively juridical can be found in the work of Antonio Negri. The article further develops Negri’s approach and connects it with the municipalist movements in Spain as examples of new forms of constituent and constituted power.
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Pazzaglia, Federica, Maeve Farrell, Karan Sonpar, and Pablo Martin de Holan. "Keeping up with the Joneses: Industry rivalry, commitment to frames and sensemaking failures." Human Relations 71, no. 3 (2017): 427–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717719993.
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Drawing on a qualitative study of the banking crisis in Ireland, we examine how a cognitive frame of environmental conditions that is shared among industry rivals constrains their ability to act on the cues of slowly incubating threats. We find that shared frames are reinforced through social comparisons that prompt imitation and through their enactment that prompts a reconfiguration of internal control structures and power relationships. The reinforcement of a shared frame dulls the emerging cues of changing market conditions and weakens perception of the risks of staying the course. A core contribution of this study is to highlight the cognitive and political processes by which a shared frame solidifies within an industry, trapping organizations in their enacted environment and resulting in their collective failure.
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Betancourt, Manuel. "The Radical Power of Gentle Cinema." Film Quarterly 76, no. 4 (2023): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2023.76.4.80.
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Film Quarterly contributing editor Manuel Betancourt’s experience serving on the jury for the Ibero-American program at the Palm Springs International Film Festival prompts him to consider how films labeled “small” or “quiet” don’t tend to win prizes and how this bias is gendered, reflecting the lack of value accorded to domestic, everyday life. Citing the recent ascendance of Chantal Akerman’s Jeanne Dielman, 23, quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles to the top of Sight and Sound’s annual poll as a sign this bias may be weakening, he discusses a number of festival favorites—including the Venezuelan director Patricia Ortega’s MAMACRUZ and the Brazilian film Mars One—that elevate gentleness. In an era where big-screen spectacle depends on overstimulation, Betancourt argues for the wonder and joy to be found in a gentler, kinder cinema.
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Ghosh, Akash, Debstuti Biswas, Rahul Sarkar, Advait Pillai, and Jatin Chopra. "Navigating GPT-4 and BERT: A Dual Perspective on Financial and Political Sentiment Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 12 (2023): 1577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.57687.
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Abstract: This research delves into the dynamic capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by combining insights from two distinct studies. The first study, "Linking Microblogging Sentiments to Stock Price Movement: An Application of GPT-4," explores the efficacy of the GPT-4 Language Learning Model (LLM) compared to BERT in modeling same-day daily stock price movements for Apple and Tesla in 2017. The study leverages sentiment analysis of microblogging messages from the Stocktwits platform and employs a novel method for prompt engineering, emphasizing the contextual abilities of GPT-4. Logistic regression is utilized to evaluate the correspondence between extracted message contents and stock price movements, revealing GPT-4's substantial accuracy, outperforming BERT in five out of six months. However, practical considerations, including deployment costs and the need for fine-tuning prompts, are also acknowledged. The second study, "Do We Still Need BERT in the Age of GPT? Comparing the Benefits of Domain-Adaptation and In-Context-Learning Approaches to Using LLMs for Political Science Research," investigates the choices researchers face when employing LLMs in political science tasks. The study establishes benchmarks for various natural language processing (NLP) tasks within political science and compares two common approaches: domain-adapting smaller LLMs like BERT with unsupervised pre-training and supervised fine-tuning and querying larger LLMs like GPT-3 without additional training. Preliminary results suggest that, when labeled data is available, a finetuning-focused approach remains superior for text classification. By synthesizing these studies, this research contributes to the broader understanding of LLMs' capabilities and their applicability in diverse domains. It emphasizes the significance of prompt engineering in unlocking the contextual abilities of modern LLMs, providing insights into financial sentiment analysis and political text classification. The findings underscore the nuanced choices researchers must make in selecting appropriate LLMs, adapting them to specific domains, and designing effective prompts for optimal performance in different research contexts.
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Ahalya, C., M. Vasavi, M. Prathyusha, S. Sania Afrin, and S. Sravani. "Footstep Power Generation using Piezo Electric Sensors." Journal of Power Electronics and Devices 8, no. 2 (2022): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/joped.2022.v08i02.004.
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The country's population is growing, and as a result, so is the demand for electricity. The amount of energy squandered is also rising in many different ways simultaneously. The primary approach is to regenerate this energy in a form that can be used. In this project, human footsteps are used to generate electricity, which is then used to recharge the battery. A battery that can be used to charge electronic gadgets stores the power. The Atmega 328 processor powers this system, which also includes an Arduino IDE, an RFID sensor, a USB cable, and an LCD. The system goes into registration mode when we turn it on. We are able to add three users. After each user has logged in, the system prompts them to swipe their cards and connect their chargers. Every user initially receives 5 minutes of charging time by default.
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Han, Liang, Wen Zhou Lu, Yong Ming Liu, Jian Shen, Ya Fei Hao, and Feng Xiao. "A Study and Discussion on Defects Classification of Electrode Coating of Li-Ion Power Battery." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 4364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4364.
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The serious pollution of lead-acid battery and nickel-cadmium battery prompts the Li-ion power battery to become the new alternative battery. As the main body of the Li-ion power battery, the electrode has a great influence on performance of the battery. Thus it is necessary to classify, analyze and research the defects of the battery electrode precisely. Combining with the practical situation of production, in this paper the characteristics of the electrode defects of Li-ion Power battery are described in detail and morphological characteristics are analyzed, which is helpful to the subsequent image processing and the production practice.
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Zhang, Yin Jun, Zheng Jie Lu, Jian Bo Nie, and Hao Ran Wang. "Design of Intelligent Garbage Can." Applied Mechanics and Materials 741 (March 2015): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.19.
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Due to the current existing outdoor trash put, cannot effectively separate collection, easy to produce odor and other issues, In this paper we designed a solar intelligent trash. The trash can has a better appearance, can effectively separate collection, automatic flip, the use of solar power to achieve lighting, voice prompts, deodorant and other functions. Smart trash concise design, environmental protection, and harmony.
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SILLIN, SARAH. "American Sympathizers: Confessing Illicit Feeling from the Civil War to the Vietnam War." Journal of American Studies 53, no. 3 (2018): 613–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875818000026.
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Portraits of sympathizers recur across American literature, from nineteenth-century narratives by Edward Everett Hale Jr., Loreta Velazquez, and Walt Whitman to Viet Thanh Nguyen's twenty-first-century novel. Together, their texts elucidate why this understudied trope remains provocative. Whereas nineteenth-century literature often imagines how sympathy fosters national cohesion, feeling for the enemy threatens such stability and prompts government efforts to regulate sentiment. Sympathizers may perform loyalty to claim the authority associated with white masculinity. Yet they also gain power by confessing to criminal sentiments. This figure thus embodies fantasies of rebellion, fears of national dissolution, and the state's affective power.
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Gal, Rinon, Or Patashnik, Haggai Maron, Amit H. Bermano, Gal Chechik, and Daniel Cohen-Or. "StyleGAN-NADA." ACM Transactions on Graphics 41, no. 4 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3528223.3530164.
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Can a generative model be trained to produce images from a specific domain, guided only by a text prompt, without seeing any image? In other words: can an image generator be trained "blindly"? Leveraging the semantic power of large scale Contrastive-Language-Image-Pre-training (CLIP) models, we present a text-driven method that allows shifting a generative model to new domains, without having to collect even a single image. We show that through natural language prompts and a few minutes of training, our method can adapt a generator across a multitude of domains characterized by diverse styles and shapes. Notably, many of these modifications would be difficult or infeasible to reach with existing methods. We conduct an extensive set of experiments across a wide range of domains. These demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, and show that our models preserve the latent-space structure that makes generative models appealing for downstream tasks. Code and videos available at: stylegan-nada.github.io/
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Steinhauer, Kimberly. "The Estill Voice Model: A paradigm for voice training and treatment." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (2023): A352—A353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023770.
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For over 40 years, the Estill Voice Model (EVM) has defined voice quality according to movement of anatomy and physiology. EVM addresses the daunting degrees of freedom issue in voice motor control by isolating Craft of voice production from Artistry and Performance Metaphysics. The EVM proposes an integrated implicit-explicit approach for voice motor learning that flows through all training and therapy protocols. Implicit instructions include auditory-perceptual prompts (e.g., quack like a duck to produce “twang”) and explicit prompts train physiologic conditions of the vocal anatomy correlated with the voice quality (e.g., narrow your aryepiglottic sphincter to produce “twang”). Estill exercises address power, source, and filter properties of voice production, and include narrowing the aryepiglottic sphincter for “ring” in opera and belt and for increased power in hypofunctional voices, and varying vocal fold mass for register shifts and optimizing contact for hyperfunctional voices. Patients learn to feel, see, and hear the voice via multiple feedback modes including hand gestures, magnitude estimation of bodily kinesthetic effort, visual acoustic cues in real-time spectral analysis programs. This presentation will highlight objective measurement science and clinical evidence for using Estill exercises in treatment for all voices, from the novice speaker to the expert performer.
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Han, Liang, Yong Ming Liu, and Feng Xiao. "A Study on Key Technology of Automatic Inspection Equipment of Electrode Defects of Li-Ion Power Battery." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 1081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.1081.
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The serious pollution of lead-acid battery and nickel-cadmium battery prompts the Li-ion power battery to become the new alternative battery. As the main component of the Li-ion power battery, the electrode has a great influence on performance of the battery. It is necessary to design an automatic equipment to inspect the electrode defects of Li-ion power battery. This paper designs a new equipment, in which machine vision is used to inspect the defects of the electrode, PLC to control, Geneva mechanism to drive the transforming of steps and complete the motion of putting the electrode on and removing from the equipment. This design can not only realize highly consistent action, but also save time and improve efficiency.
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Zhou, Tingshan, Qian Li, Yufeng Xu, Yizheng Zhao, Deming Liu, and Dong Liu. "An AC-DC Coordinated Scheme for Cascaded Hybrid High-Voltage Direct Current to Suppress Wind Power Fluctuations." Electronics 13, no. 14 (2024): 2847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13142847.
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Given power fluctuations from near-land offshore wind farms, this article designs a coordinated control strategy for cascaded hybrid DC transmission. To suppress the frequency disturbances when wind power varies, supplementary active power control schemes are proposed, in which the coordinated DC voltage control strategy is also considered in order to keep DC voltage stable when the supplementary control prompts a voltage-sourced converter overload. Simultaneously, to further improve wind farm-side AC voltage stability, a dynamic limiter is added in the coordinated control, which can make a voltage-sourced converter release more reactive power when a fault happens. Thereby, the stability of DC-side voltage and active power and AC-side frequency and voltage can all be enhanced through the proposed coordinated scheme. Finally, the electromagnetic transient model of the hybrid high-voltage direct current with renewable power is established using PSCAD X4.6.2 software, and the simulation example is carried out with the model to verify the scheme proposed in this article.
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Sabbatella, Antonio, Andrea Ponti, Ilaria Giordani, Antonio Candelieri, and Francesco Archetti. "Prompt Optimization in Large Language Models." Mathematics 12, no. 6 (2024): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12060929.
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Prompt optimization is a crucial task for improving the performance of large language models for downstream tasks. In this paper, a prompt is a sequence of n-grams selected from a vocabulary. Consequently, the aim is to select the optimal prompt concerning a certain performance metric. Prompt optimization can be considered as a combinatorial optimization problem, with the number of possible prompts (i.e., the combinatorial search space) given by the size of the vocabulary (i.e., all the possible n-grams) raised to the power of the length of the prompt. Exhaustive search is impractical; thus, an efficient search strategy is needed. We propose a Bayesian Optimization method performed over a continuous relaxation of the combinatorial search space. Bayesian Optimization is the dominant approach in black-box optimization for its sample efficiency, along with its modular structure and versatility. We use BoTorch, a library for Bayesian Optimization research built on top of PyTorch. Specifically, we focus on Hard Prompt Tuning, which directly searches for an optimal prompt to be added to the text input without requiring access to the Large Language Model, using it as a black-box (such as for GPT-4 which is available as a Model as a Service). Albeit preliminary and based on “vanilla” Bayesian Optimization algorithms, our experiments with RoBERTa as a large language model, on six benchmark datasets, show good performances when compared against other state-of-the-art black-box prompt optimization methods and enable an analysis of the trade-off between the size of the search space, accuracy, and wall-clock time.
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Evans-Agnew, Robin A., Marie-Anne S. Rosemberg, and Doris M. Boutain. "Emancipatory Photovoice Research: A Primer." Health Promotion Practice 23, no. 2 (2022): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15248399211062906.
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Photovoice can be more than a research method for communities to identify and mitigate social oppressions. Photovoice has the potential for emancipatory outcomes and the transformation of power relations. This article serves as a primer for beginning researchers who are new to the emancipatory power of the photovoice method or for advanced researchers who would like to re-imagine their current use of the photovoice method to an emancipatory approach that elevates and empowers. Our purpose is to provide a framework for deciding structures, processes, and outcomes of emancipatory photovoice. We specifically prescribe steps with respect to power relations among partners, design prompts or heuristics, and the anticipated and unanticipated outcomes. We base our perspectives on over a decade of photovoice research experiences. Emancipatory photovoice research, if implemented thoughtfully, can facilitate power sharing, collective learning, healing, and growth.
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Gautam, Bijaya. "Critiques of Development using Foucault’s Discourse and Power Theory." Journey for Sustainable Development and Peace Journal 2, no. 1 (2024): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jsdpj.v2i1.63253.
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Analyzing the modern development program through Michel Foucault's theory of discourse and power provides insights into its origins and shortcomings. This research aims to critique modern development theory in terms of Foucault’s theory of discourse and power. Development, and modern development theory as well as Escobar’s articles about the implementation of Foucault’s theory were studied. The research found that the discourse surrounding development serves as a means of exerting power and control, often driven by the interests of dominant nations. However, despite ambitious promises, development programs frequently fail to achieve meaningful progress due to the power dynamics and inequalities embedded in the modern development discourse which excludes local discourse. Applying Foucault's framework challenges universal claims and grand narratives, opening avenues for critical analysis and a post-modern understanding of development. This approach prompts a reevaluation of power dynamics, knowledge production, and discursive practices, aiming for context-specific approaches that address the diverse needs of underdeveloped nations.
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Ke, Hong Chang, Hui Wang, and De Gang Kong. "A Wind Power Forecasting Method Based on Improved Support Vector Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1964–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1964.
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For the deficiencies of traditional wind forecasting method, a wind forecasting method based on improved support vector machine which support any parameters input. The method can compatible with many different types and magnitude data and construct a loop iteration mechanism, based on the wind farm's own situation which constantly prompts to enter the wind speed, season, temperature, humidity, light until it reaches the desired accuracy. For wind power consumptive capacity, the method proposed can obtain the maximum, minimum wind parameters and the range of variation, diverse support vector machine regression model can be produced by learning, which can predict the future of wind energy within a period of time. The method can improve the quality of wind power and grid scheduling, for maintaining grid stability has a very important role.
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Khanolainen, Daria, and Elena Semenova. "School Bullying Through Graphic Vignettes: Developing a New Arts-Based Method to Study a Sensitive Topic." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 19 (January 1, 2020): 160940692092276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406920922765.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a new arts-based measure assessing school bullying and to test it within a pilot study involving 19 schoolchildren (mean age = 15.4; range = 1.00). The researchers designed the new methodological tool (referred to as graphic vignettes) as a set of incomplete comic strips, which participants were asked to complete in a creative way. Researchers then invited participants to engage in follow-up interviews using completed comic strips as individualized interview prompts. The authors detail the design and administration of the graphic vignettes and discuss their efficacy, limitations, and potential applications. The researchers argue that studies on sensitive topics can benefit from a wider dissemination of this arts-based research method. They also assert that the use of creatively co-constructed interview prompts individualizes participant–researcher interactions, placing the power in the hands of participants. The article aims to inspire further development of graphic vignettes.
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Breuning, Marijke, and Anna Pechenina. "Role Dissonance in Foreign Policy: Russia, Power, and Intercountry Adoption." Foreign Policy Analysis 16, no. 1 (2019): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz004.
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Abstract States often play multiple roles on the world stage, which need not fit together coherently. Moreover, foreign policy roles may be dissonant with one another: auxiliary roles may detract from the state's master role or status. What prompts decision makers to address role dissonance and role conflict? Building on earlier role theory research, we develop a framework that theorizes when and how role dissonance turns into conflict between a state's master and auxiliary foreign policy roles. We theorize that role conflict may be addressed through modification rather than abandonment of an auxiliary role. The theory is illustrated with a case study that traces Russia's attempt to reconcile dissonance between its major-power role and its auxiliary role as a sending country (in intercountry adoption). We show that the interplay between master and auxiliary roles is complex. States care about status but also address dissonant auxiliary roles and role conflict pragmatically.
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Wang, Ping, Bin Chen, Guo Dong Su, and Bing Jie Chen. "Realization of Electronic Scoring Device on Ball Games." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2460.
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Aim to the current popularity of various sports which scoring device is inconvenient and defective scoring, this design uses 51 MCU control, battery power, digital display, input keys and wireless control module to develop a portable smart match electronic scoring device. The device has a charging indicator, ball selection, single-sided display settings, size of the Bureau of scores shows that beep audio prompts, change sides scores mobile, long distance remote control and other functions; particularly compact and portable, which one could keep working dozens of hours without any power, and you can add large-screen display, which perfectly suited all size of table tennis, badminton, volleyball and basketball games in the stadiums.
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Dickinson, Kristin. "Queer Spectrality and the Hope of Heterolingual Address." New German Critique 50, no. 3 (2023): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0094033x-10708251.
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This article reads the final moment of Fatma Aydemir’s 2022 novel, Dschinns, as an instance of heterolingual address, which provides an alternative to the progressive logic of assimilation in both Germany and Turkey and the cyclicality of transgenerational trauma. Opening out onto the possibility of a forthcoming counter-address marked by queer spectrality, the novel prompts readers to engage in an open-ended process of community formation by rethinking their own modes of address and the myriad power structures that undergird them.
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Han, Liang, Feng Xiao, and Yong Ming Liu. "A Study on the Testing System and Method for Li-Ion Power Battery." Advanced Materials Research 650 (January 2013): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.650.426.
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The shortage of energy prompts Li-ion battery to become the new alternative energy. In order to master battery characteristics, solve the battery safety problems and prolong service life, it is necessary to research essentially the battery performance, cycle life and capacity, which can provide the basis for the development of battery management system. In this paper, we build a set of Li-ion power battery testing system of charging and discharging according to the existing equipment, test the battery pack through a combination of the hardware and software, and put forward a set of complete testing method. Then on the basis of the test data and the relation curve between Li-ion power battery capacity and cycle times, we have proved that the testing system and testing method are effective.
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Hammond, Emily. "The Constitution’s Guarantee of Legal Accountability for Jurisdictions." Federal Law Review 49, no. 4 (2021): 528–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x211039887.
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This article argues that the Constitution’s entrenched provision for judicial review may be understood as a guarantee of legal accountability for a specific class of governmental powers, namely, powers whose exercise has a legal effect on rights and obligations (‘jurisdictions’). The paper’s argument is prompted by the observations in Kaldas v Barbour (2017) 350 ALR 292; [2017] NSWCA 275 on the class of administrative actions that are amenable to entrenched judicial review of State powers. The article shows that the application of this understanding to entrenched review of Commonwealth powers has significant explanatory value. It casts new light on two puzzling features of entrenched review of Commonwealth powers: The discrimen between executive and judicial power that underpins a separation of powers rationale for entrenched review of Commonwealth executive action and the demarcation between s 75(iii) and s 75(v) injunctions against Commonwealth officers. Viewing entrenched review as a guarantee of legal accountability for jurisdictions prompts new insights into its constitutional rationale and its specific contribution to government under law.
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Urick, Michael J., and Therese A. Sprinkle. "Teaching Leadership: Using Wonder Woman to Highlight the Importance of Gender Diversity." Management Teaching Review 4, no. 2 (2018): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2379298118769254.
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We review the film Wonder Woman as a teaching tool for leadership. The film illustrates transformational leadership, bases of power, and servant leadership while considering how gender plays into leadership. The approach we suggest is through a “movie club” activity in which the entire film is viewed, students are given prompts on what to look for, and an in-depth discussion is facilitated following viewing the movie. Wonder Woman is a useful teaching tool that engages students in ways that more traditional examples might not.
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Welke, Dominik, Isaac Purton, and Edward A. Vessel. "The power of visual art: Higher felt inspiration following aesthetically pleasing visual prompts in a creative writing task." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (2019): 97a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.97a.
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Marais, M. "Denying history or defying History? John Fowles’s A maggot and the postmodernist novel." Literator 12, no. 3 (1991): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v12i3.770.
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This paper takes issue with accusations that postmodernist fiction neglects or refuses to engage with history. I offer a reading of John Fowles’s A maggot which demonstrates how postmodernist novels, by way of a self-reflexive interrogation of their own narrative foundation, contest history’s master status and expose the latter’s similar dependence on narrative modes of totalizing representation. Such a demystification process, I maintain, prompts a recognition of the provisional status of history as a human construct, thus undermining its power of totalization and opening it up to rewriting.
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Jacyno, Małgorzata. "THERAPEUTIC POPULISM AND PASTORALISM IN AN AGE OF ENDEMIC FATALISM." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa Specjalny, no. XXIII (2023): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.3344.
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Contemporary populism takes many forms. I use the term “therapeutic populism” to show that the fight against the systemic causes of suffering has been delegated to individuals and their families. The therapeutic culture that has been spreading since the 1970s can be considered politics par excellence because it presupposes a definite division between the public and the private. In this article, I show that in the conditions of a systemic crisis, the lack of social cohesion prompts the power to look for some kind of programming project for the coordination of individuals.
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Sara Clarke-De Reza, Andrew D. Coppens, Shakuntala Devi Gopal, Sameer Honwad, Madhura Niphadkar, and Shraddha Rangnekar. "Can We Picture Equity? Critically Examining Cross-Cultural Short-Term Project Collaborations." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 34, no. 3 (2022): 203–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v34i3.659.
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This paper explores equity challenges common to short-term cross-cultural research partnerships. We focus on a project-based activity in which U.S. undergraduate students and college faculty taught middle-school students in Goa, India how to make podcasts about complex environmental problems. Project team members conducted a collaborative auto-ethnography focused on questions of power, leadership, collaboration, and equity, and examined exit-interview photo elicitation data to identify the core challenges of ethical and equitable short-term cross-cultural research and programming. Our use of photographs as conversation prompts helped to highlight contradictions and asymmetries along axes of power, cultural imperialism, knower-knowledge, age, race/ethnicity, social class, and gender. We reflect on possibilities for educational research that rejects a “voluntourism” model and moves, if imperfectly, toward more equitable international collaborations.
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Mhaske, Disha, Riya Satam, Snehal Londhe, Tanushree Kohad, and Sonali Kadam. "AN EFFICIENT ELECTRICITY THEFT DETECTION USING XG BOOST." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 10 (2022): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v06i10.037.
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Electricity theft is a significant occurrence that is happening about all nations from one side of the planet to the other. This adversely affects the nation's economy. Theft identification in the power sector is a difficult task for power distribution organizations overall, since this power theft prompts to monetary losses just as loss of electric energy. There are numerous ways by which power is stolen like controlling energy meters or tapping cables at the consumer's end, and so on. Since this robbery is going on in enormous amount, manual examination of such burglary is a hectic task. So, automatic detection of power theft is a vital need of the hour. This paper presents an electricity theft detection model using smart grid meter data dependent on Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and OCR. Feature Selection is made used of in the model in order to pick the most relevant features from the dataset to that of our electricity theft detection model. XGBoost is remarkable as it utilizes a more regularized model formalization to have command over-fitting which results in better execution significantly quicker. OCR is employed in order to know what object led to electricity theft detection.
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Zhan, Jie, Lin Niu, Jin Xin Huang, and Jin Tao Cui. "The Application of Correlation Recognizing Technology in Failure Prognostic System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 1534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1534.
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In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid and reduce the huge economic loss by equipment failure, Failure prognostic system plays a vital role. Based on distance correlation principle ,this paper proposes a method of failure prognostic. We analyze correlation between various factors influencing the equipment failure and failure from a large number of historical data. Then sets fault indicators by weight function. When online testing data are beyond the fault indicator ,system alarms. Then system prompts operating personnel to check equipments state. At last, through overheating fault of transformer case validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Bhardwaj, Manish, Anil Ahlawat, and Nidhi Bansal. "Maximization of Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network with Sensitive Power Dynamic Protocol." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (2018): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16111.
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A vitality effective protocol configuration is a key testing issue in a network of Wireless Sensor. A portion of the few existing vitality effective protocols plots dependably forward the bundles through the base vitality based ideal course to the sink to limit vitality utilization. It causes a disturbed dispersion of remaining vitality between sensor nodes, which prompts partitioning of the network. The prime objective of this method is to pass the data packets to destination node through the vitality denser range within Sensor Networks Lifetime. The current procedure Energy Balanced Routing Protocol (EBRP) neglects to accomplish Throughput, Delay part, keeping in mind the end goal to enhance the Network Lifetime and Performance so the proficient steering convention is required with the abilities of both the Power Efficient and Power Balancing. To resolve this problem, this manuscript proposed Impediment Sensitive Power Unbiased Dynamic Routing Protocol (ISPUDRP). The proposed steering system accomplishes as far as End-to-End Delay, Throughput and Lifetime of network. This manuscript shows that proposed calculation accomplishes better execution performance than the current strategies.
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Mueller, J. Tom. "The Dual Dependency of Natural-Resource-Rich Labor Markets in Contemporary Society." Sociological Theory 39, no. 2 (2021): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07352751211001920.
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This article presents an integrative theoretical framework of subnational natural resource dependence. I argue that rural natural resource dependence represents a special case of the core-periphery relationship, where rural, resource-rich labor markets form a dual dependency on both the global capitalist economy and the local natural environment. This occurs because the contradiction between spatially fixed natural resources and the mobility of capital prompts both external interests and local power elites to use their power to pressure rural labor markets in directions outside their best interest and to exploit rural labor. I argue that both extractive (e.g., mining, timber, agriculture) and nonextractive (e.g., tourism, real estate) forms of natural resource development share this contradiction. Although pushing different uses of the resource base, extractive and nonextractive development do not fundamentally vary in their exploitative relationship with rural labor markets.
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Sinha, Rishi. "Statistical Analysis of Bias in ChatGPT Using Prompt Engineering." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 1483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53885.
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Abstract: ChatGPT is a leading Large Language Model trained on an extensive and diverse assortment of text data. However, the utilization of potentially biased training data from the internet corpora could lead to fundamental bias introduced in the model, which will subsequently reflect on its generated output. This paper quantifies bias present in GPT-3.0 model responses on various controversial topics using carefully engineered prompts. We measured raw bias in each generated response by leveraging the Bipartisan Press API. Using statistical methods such as the T-test and ANOVA on raw bias measurements, we tested our hypothesis. Our results demonstrate that there is statistically significant left leaning bias present in 9 out of the 11 controversial topics we tested. Further, ANOVA analysis shows that the bias present varies based on topics. We posit that our findings could be instrumental in guiding future efforts to mitigate training bias and address the larger alignment problem present in generative AI.
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Srećković, Nevena, Miran Rošer, and Gorazd Štumberger. "Utilization of Active Distribution Network Elements for Optimization of a Distribution Network Operation." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123494.
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Electricity Distributions Networks (DNs) are changing from a once passive to an active electric power system element. This change, driven by several European Commission Directives and Regulations in the energy sector prompts the proliferated integration of new network elements, which can actively participate in network operations if adequately utilized. This paper addresses the possibility of using these active DN elements for optimization of a time-discrete network operation in terms of minimization of power losses while ensuring other operational constraints (i.e., voltage profiles and line currents). The active elements considered within the proposed optimization procedure are distributed generation units, capable of reactive power provision; remotely controlled switches for changing the network configuration; and an on-load tap changer-equipped substation, supplying the network. The proposed procedure was tested on a model of an actual medium voltage DN. The results showed that simultaneous consideration of these active elements could reduce power losses at a considered point of operation while keeping the voltage profiles within the permitted interval. Furthermore, by performing a series of consecutive optimization procedures at a given time interval, an optimization of network operations for extended periods (e.g., days, months, or years) could also be achieved.
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Chandranand, PS. "Review on Non-Communicable Diseases in India and their Respective Diagnostic Platforms." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (2021): 2012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39024.
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Abstract: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) increasing the burden in India. NCDs are viewed as pandemic because of the expanding pace of mortality and morbidity. Urbanization in India prompts undesirable ways of lifestyle, physical inactivity, biological, behavioral risk factors, and migration of the country metropolitan populace in India, the thought of different NCDs and their danger factors shows wide varieties across the populace. It’s believed the health care system can curb the situation by managing preventive measures that allow controlling the threat. Keywords: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mortality, morbidity.
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Ajit, Shinde Somesh, Patil Disha Pandit, Shetty Bradula Balachandra, Wani Pranjal Dipak, and Prof Anita D. Mhatre. "Furnitureal-Home Furniture Décor Application using AR." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (2023): 1374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50246.
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Abstract: If you change the manner in which you check outthings, the things you take a gander at will change. If illustrations or advancements in technology help to improve the development of portable gadgets and fantasy looks of the products for product experience, they will help to improve how people view these items. As a rule, purchasing items without contact and feeling inconveniences the actual business and prompts time and exertion for working on the clients. The improvement and the advancement in innovation will help to improve how people view these items with Augmented Reality.
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Hadi, Salwa Abdulamir, Saad Laftah Shamkhi, and Basim Jubair Kadhim. "A Comparison of the Concept of Waiting in Selected Quranic Verses and Excerpts of Marlow’s Dr. Faustus." Randwick International of Social Science Journal 4, no. 4 (2023): 761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v4i4.823.
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This research paper examines the concept of waiting as depicted in selected Quranic verses and in Marlow's play Dr. Faustus. Both sources explore the theme of waiting, but they present it from different perspectives and with different implications. The Quranic verses emphasize waiting as an act of surrender to divine timing, patience, and faith in Allah's plan. It is seen as a virtue that leads to spiritual growth and rewards in the afterlife. In contrast, Dr. Faustus portrays waiting as driven by human ambition and a desire for power and knowledge. The protagonist's impatience and misuse of power ultimately lead to tragic consequences. The differing portrayals of waiting highlight the contrasting roles of patience, faith, and ambition in the human experience. The paper delves into these differences and explores the broader philosophical and moral implications raised by each perspective. Ultimately, it prompts readers to reflect on how these concepts shape their lives and choices.
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R, Trinadh. "ENHANCING E –LIFE WITH IOT: A SMART APPROACH TO EFFICIENT ELECTRICITY MANAGEMENT." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem34070.
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In the contemporary era, energy conservation stands out as a pivotal challenge in striving towards a sustainable lifestyle. Regrettably, it often falls by the wayside due to a lack of awareness and the uncertainty surroundings the lifespan of electrical and electronic equipment. Nonetheless, energy conservation remains the most economically viable approach to address energy deficits. Introducing “E-Life,” a ground breaking product, offers a solution to this dilemma while fostering public consciousness. Traditional electricity-intensive devices, despite having specified power requirements and lifespans, frequently outlast their projected longevity. However, they tend to consume more power than indicated due to aging effects. For instance, empirical investigations reveal that a 40-watt incandescent light consumes an additional 25% of its original power post- lifespan. To mitigate such inefficiencies and monitor excessive power consumption across all electronic equipment, we propose integrating the E-life algorithm into an IoT-enabled device. This device, based on the ESP32 platform and capable of managing two loads, provides real-time monitoring and prompts replacement when necessary. Experimental results demonstrate that this innovative gadget can yield energy savings of over 37% within a six-month timeframe for constrained loads. Keywords—Energy Saving; Efficiency; Energy Management; Energy Conservation; IoT; E- Life; ESP32
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Kulkarni, Abhinav, Shaikh Adil, Pingalkar Venkatesh, Rajas Uchagaonkar, and Prof S. S. Kolte. "Rainfall Prediction using Extreme Gradient Boosting." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 1776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53577.
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Abstract: Rainfall greatly affects human life in various sectors including agriculture, transportation, etc. and also can affect natural disasters such as drought, floods, and landslides. This situation prompts us to build an accurate rainfall prediction model so that prescriptive measures can be made. Previous research on rainfall prediction uses models that have their limitations and thus produce poor performance. This study aims to build a multivariate rainfall prediction model using the best performing technique to date namely the Extreme Gradient Boosting. This model is built based on 7 years of historical weather data collected by the weather station.
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Satyanarayana, K., S. Aharon, M. Subramanyam, Ch Chakradhari, and K. Anand. "A Hybrid Microgrid Operated by PV Wind and Diesel Generator with Advanced Control Strategy." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 4s (2023): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i4s.6325.
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All for a local area that gets its power from a solitary diesel generator (DG), this examination presents an efficient power energy choice for a microgrid. A twin feed enlistment generator draws power from a sun oriented photovoltaic (PV) cluster and the breeze to run this microgrid's electrical gear (DFIG). Two voltage source converters (VSCs) are sequentially coupled on the rotor side of the DFIG and share a DC transport that at last prompts the photovoltaic modules. Likewise associated with a similar DC transport as the DFIG stator is a bidirectional buck/help DC converter and a battery energy capacity (BES) to retain any overflow power. Most extreme energy collecting from the breeze and sun is accomplished by regulation of the bidirectional buck/help DC converter and the rotor side VSC. A changed form of the irritate and notice (P&O) technique is introduced for of expanding the energy result of a PV framework. Endeavors are being made to change VSC on the heap side to further develop DG's eco-friendliness. The ideal fuel-use reference DG power result may now be resolved utilizing a new, more broad methodology. Using the Sim Power Systems toolbox in MATLAB, we model and simulate many scenarios, including fluctuating wind speeds, fluctuating insolation, the impact of fluctuating load conditions on a bidirectional converter, and an unbalanced nonlinear load linked at the point of common coupling (PCC). Finding sinusoidal and balanced DG and DFIG stator currents.