Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Thracians

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Thracians”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Thracians"

Vasileva Georgieva, Vesela. "Wine in the Traditions of the Thracians: Modern Research and Manifestations". Cultural and Historical Heritage: Preservation, Presentation, Digitalization 7, nr 2 (2021): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26615/issn.2367-8038.2021_2_016.

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The significance of the topics of the Thracian culture and wine production have been conceived and presented over the years through various forms, such as the numerous events, some of which have established practices and traditions over the years. The centuries-old history of the Thracians and the concentration of the numerous monuments of Thracian culture in Bulgaria give grounds for many cultural institutions to include in their cultural calendars events presenting the rich Thracian cultural heritage and modern scientific achievements. No less important is the fact that the monuments of Thracian culture studied over the years and the discoveries made in them, testify to the elegance and unique material culture of the Thracians, whose models are unparalleled in the world cultural heritage. This in turn creates the need for their preservation, socialization and transmission to future generations. This topic covers the interpretation of the specifics and contribution to the presentation of cultural heritage in the context of the National Scientific Expedition Club UNESCO Scientific Seminar "Thracians and Wine", whose main goals, activities and tasks will be presented in detail in this paper. Keywords: Thracians; Wine; Cultural Heritage; Scientific Practices; Scientific Seminar

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Mitrev, Georgi, i Jordan Iliev. "Reineccius and His History of Ancient Thrace from 1595". Istoriya-History 32, nr 2 (10.03.2024): 140–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/his2024-2-3-tra.

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This article discusses a study by the historian Reineccius (1541 – 1595) on aspects of the history of Ancient Thrace and the Thracians. Until now, this work – part of a comprehensive exploration entitled “Historia Ivlia, Siue Syntagma Heroicvm” – has remained unknown to modern researchers and they assumed, that scholarly interest in Thracian history emerged only in the first half of the 18th century. The article begins with brief notes on Reineccius’s biography and works, followed by an overview of the information about the Thracians in his book. It is noted that, in the section titled “Regnum Thracium” the author sequentially examines ancient evidence concerning the geographical scope of Thrace, the strongest Thracian tribes, the Thracians outside Thrace; afterwards he structures the available at his time information of ancient writers about Thracian kings, specifying their family relationships. Special attention is given to the Odryssian kings, constituting about a third of the content. Other kingdoms, which today are considered part of the Thracian ethno-cultural community, are examined in separate sections: Bosphorus, Paeonia and Pannonia, Getica, Dacia and Moesia. The text is complemented by stems indicating established connections between dynasties and kings. Reineccius’s work is remarkable for its rigorous research elements and strict adherence to ancient texts, correctly cited. Undoubtedly, due to these qualities, this study on Ancient Thrace has influenced research on the topic for the next two centuries. Based on the presented facts, it is concluded that Reineccius’s work can be considered the first attempt to systematize ancient information about Thrace and the Thracians.

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Rousseva, Malvina. "Challenges in the Design and the Development of the Educational Serious Game “The Thracians”". Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 8 (3.09.2018): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2018.8.4.

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: The paper presents the key challenges that we faced in the creation of the serious educational game “The Thracians”. We had to choose the most appropriate architectural environment and methodology to apply in all stages. The selection of historical facts, archaeological and artistic artefacts for the Thracian civilization was based on Thracians lifestyle, beliefs and traditions that will provoke students interests and wish to play the game.

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SLAVOVA, Mirena. "THE THRACIANS AND THE WRITING". Ezikov Svyat volume 20 issue 3, ezs.swu.v20i3 (20.10.2022): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v20i3.111.

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The article offers a summary and analysis of the available texts written in the Thracian language, which became especially necessary after the breakthrough finding in 1988 of new written monuments in Thracian in the settlement of Zone on the Aegean coast in Greece. Contrary to popular belief that the Thracians were an illiterate people, it can be concluded that by the 4th century BC there were three centers of writing activity in the Thracian lands: Northeastern Bulgaria (the inscription from the village of Kjolmen), the Upper Thracian plain (the inscription on the ring from the village of Ezerovo and the inscriptions on artifacts from the mounds of Duvanlii), and the Aegean coast (inscriptions from the settlements of Zone and Maroneia and from the island of Samothrace). The author examines the written evidence of the Thracian language in the context of the neighboring Greek alphabets and concludes that the existence of a local alphabet used by the Thracian population before the arrival of the Greek colonists on the Aegean coast can be postulated. Another focus of the paper is related to understanding the reasons for the gradual demise of the practice of writing in the Thracian language in the context of the emergence of the Greek local alphabets and the cultural and political reality of contacts with the Greek-speaking population and education, without neglecting the sociolinguistic aspects of the problem.

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Bekker-Nielsen, Tønnes. "Thracians in the Roman Imperial Navy". International Journal of Maritime History 29, nr 3 (sierpień 2017): 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871417714374.

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The Roman fleets of the imperial period were crewed by provincials, not by Italians. Of the sailors and soldiers whose names and geographical origin are attested epigraphically (on military diplomas or epitaphs) almost 15 per cent claim a Thracian origin; and among these, the majority identify themselves as Bessi, a tribe in the mountains of southern Thrace that is not known to have had a tradition of seafaring. The explanations proposed by earlier research include Theodor Mommsen’s contention that Bessi was used as a synonym for Thracians in general, and Jerzy Kolendo’s suggestion that these people were recruited from a colony of displaced Bessi with maritime traditions. This article proposes that the presence of Bessi in the navy was a by-product of the creation of new Black Sea fleets in the first century AD.

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Owen, Sara. "Of dogs and men: Archilochos, archaeology and the Greek settlement of Thasos". Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 49 (2003): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068673500000924.

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This article involves a case-study of one of the most generally accepted literary accounts of a Greek settlement abroad – the Greek colonisation of Thasos. Here, according to the generally accepted account, we have an eye-witness, Archilochos, son of the oikist, who actually settled on Thasos not during the first Greek settlement but during a subsequent wave of settlers. He didn't like it much – he calls it ‘thrice-wretched’ (228W), the settlers were the dregs of Greece (102W), the island looked like the back of an ass (21W), it wasn't pretty like Sybaris in Italy (22W), and the Thracians were described as ‘dogs’ (93aW). Fighting between Greeks and Thracians is portrayed (5W).The archaeological evidence for the first period of Greek settlement on Thasos is scarce, but what there is has been marshalled in support of this literary model. Archaeology's main role has been to be used in chronological disputes. The orthodoxy dates the Parian colonisation to 680 BC, arguing that the Delphic oracle concerning the foundation of Thasos has Archilochos' father as oikist. The subject-matter of several of the poems has allowed Archilochos' poetry to be dated to 650 BC, and therefore the colonisation of Thasos to a generation before. Pouilloux (1964), indeed, has used the archaeological evidence from a house in the lowest levels of Thasos town to argue for this early date for the Parian settlement, seeing the ‘Thracian’ (and distinctly un-Cycladic) character of many of the finds as indicative of a certain amount of interaction between Parians and Thracians in the first generation of the colony.

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Slavova, Mirena. "The inscriptions from the mound necropolis of Duvanlii (Thrace) and their socio-cultural context". Kadmos 56, nr 1-2 (1.07.2017): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kadmos-2017-0006.

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Abstract The article attempts to restore the socio-cultural context of four inscriptions found on various artifacts in graves from the mound necropolis at Duvanlii in Thrace (present day Bulgaria) dating back to the 5th century BC. They are written with a different technique - the erroneously transmitted graffito written in early Attic alphabet on the bottom of a plate ΙΠΠΟΜΑΧΣ, the depinti KOAΣ and ΚOMOΣ on a red-figure hydria, and the Thracian anthroponym ΔΑΔΑΛΕΜΕ engraved on four silver vases. The author focuses both on the interpretation of the single inscriptions (especially the placement of ΔΑΔΑΛΕΜΕ in a series with other known Thracian names, as well as with the newly published from Zoni) and on the contact zone of Thracians and Greeks in Thrace and Samothrace, whose specifics can explain the considered graphical practices.

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Dana, Dan. "Onomasticon Thracicum (Onom Thrac). Répertoire des noms indigènes de Thrace, Macédoine Orientale, Mésies, Dacie et Bithynie". Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 17, nr 1 (2011): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092907711x575313.

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Abstract The purpose of the Onomasticon Thracicum project is to realize a repertory of all the Thracian personal names, supplanting the outdated book of D. Detschew (1957). The gathering and the critical examination of these native names in literary sources, inscriptions (epitaphs, dedications, lists, graffiti, military diplomas), papyri and coins will provide a new research tool, rich of about 1400 different names. A large number of Thracian names is documented elsewhere in the Greek (especial Hellenistic) and Roman world, principally because the utilization of the Thracians as soldiers by the Hellenistic kings, thereafter in all the units of the Roman army. This aspect is extremely important for the constitution of their onomastic repertory, completing the more or less plentiful data from the Thracian space. Recently, more new data about Thracian onomastics are available, improving our knowledge, especially for some regions or, very important, for the feminine names. OnomThrac will pay more attention to the study of this peculiar onomastics in its geographical and chronological context. At least four distinct onomastic territories are now obvious for the Thracian complex: Thracian names; Daco-Moesian names; western Thracian names; Bithynian names. More indexes (as a reverse index; or the Genitive forms), as well as a general bibliography, will accompany the repertory.

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Dimova, Elitsa. "Plant Motifs and Sacred Rituals of the Thracians in Connection with the God Hypnos". Cultural and Historical Heritage: Preservation, Presentation, Digitalization 8, nr 1 (30.06.2022): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/kinj.2022.080106.

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The idea of the plant world of the Thracians as part of the cult practice is relatively less studied. In fact, the whole philosophy of Orphism and Hermeticism is imbued with practical agriculture. Therefore, it should not be viewed in isolation from the sacred rituals dedicated to the gods. The cult of grapes and wine and their connection with the Dionysian holidays is well known. But the secrets of the Bacchic ceremonies lie in the composition of the so-called. "Soma", which is probably a type of hallucinogenic substance. An ecstatic elixir known in Vedic rituals was made from a plant with white aromatic flowers. Soma is the name of the liquid prepared, but also the name of a deity. The Aryans describe this ritual as related to agriculture. In this regard, we can find artifacts in Bulgaria from the Thracian culture, which were not illuminated due to the inability to connect with the cult of the minor deity Hypnos. During the Eleusinian Mysteries, where a ritual with wheat and barley was performed, a drink was used, which contained the so-called "honeydew" or an extract of an intoxicating plant agent. The purpose of Soma rituals was to achieve immortality. The vertical culture of the Thracians, which is dedicated to the connection with the gods and their perfect world, turns every agricultural activity into a special sacred space.

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TSIBRANSKA-KOSTOVA, Мariyana. "THE THRACIANS AND THE WRITING". Ezikov Svyat volume 20 issue 3, ezs.swu.v20i3 (20.10.2022): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v20i3.1.

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Three historical kinship terms attested in South Slavic legal texts of translated character are the subject of this article: pramama ‘great-grandmother‘; pratachta – a problematic term adapted to different contextual ambiance, but presumably designating the mother (stepmother) of the mother-in law; prachtoura ‘great-granddaughter‘. They reveal a sustainable model of nomination, transmitted in the modern ways for linguistic expression of the more distant kinship. The word-forming model of one-part cognate terms formed with prefixes пра or прѣ is historically productive, and retains its vitality from the past to the contemporary times. There are both established, commonly used and of high-frequency representatives, and rare ones. Although one can suppose the influence of the corresponding Greek term, respectively the attempt to calque it, the distant kinship provoked the use of a domestic fund, as the mentioned prefixes, which mark the temporal anteriority and the feature ‘old, aged’. It is not coincidental that in the traditional popular culture the expression “up to the ninth generation” implies the distant kinship. Distant kinship was obviously important in the times of the Ottoman domination, when the family played a major role in preserving identity. Positions in more distant genealogy were a challenge to the Slavic translators of Byzantine legal writings on the degrees of kinship from the late Middle Ages. They enriched the kinship terminology with new representatives.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Thracians"

Rufin, Solas Aliénor. "S’entendre et combattre. Grecs et Thraces, d’Homère à la disparition du royaume de Macédoine en 168 avant J.-C". Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040136.

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Dès l’époque archaïque, les Grecs combattirent en Thrace contre mais aussi aux côtés des guerriers de la région, tandis que les Thraces, recrutés par les armées extérieures, guerroyaient, de plus en plus nombreux, sur les divers champs de bataille du monde grec. Au cours de la période hellénistique, l'intégration des Thraces aux armées grecques est telle que leur nom en vient à désigner un type de troupes, armées à la légère. Elle est le fruit d'un long processus, marqué par l’importance des relations personnelles nouées entre aristocraties guerrières grecques et thraces, depuis l’épopée homérique jusqu’à la disparition du royaume de Macédoine.La politique thrace de Philippe II est réinterprétée : la notion de conquête, évoquée par les Anciens comme les Modernes, ne peut rendre compte de la réalité des rapports entretenus avec les Thraces. Les relations établies avec les chefs des peuples guerriers de la région firent figure de modèle pour ses successeurs jusqu'au dernier roi de Macédoine. La pacification que cette politique a entraînée comme les recrutements massifs qu’elle permit contribuèrent, pour une très large part, aux succès d’Alexandre le Grand en Asie. L’étude des rapports diplomatiques et guerriers entre Grecs et Thraces s’impose finalement comme le meilleur angle d’étude pour appréhender à la fois les mécanismes de l’intégration de la Thrace à l’histoire du monde grec, et l’histoire propre de cette région à travers l’évolution de ses structures sociales, politiques et militaires. Il conduit en particulier à réinterpréter l’histoire du royaume odryse et à redéfinir ses limites géographiques
From the Archaic period, the Greeks fought in Thrace against but also at the sides of the warriors of the region, while the Thracians, recruited by foreign armies, were increasingly waging war on the various battlefields of the Greek world. During the Hellenistic period, the integration of the Thracians warriors within Greek armies is such that their name has come to designate a lightly-armed type of troops. It is the result of a long process, underlining the importance of the personal relationships established between Greek and Thracian aristocracies. The literary sources provide such examples of philia allowing various forms of military cooperation from the Homeric epic to the reign of the last Antigonids, albeit these examples often get overlooked by Modern historians. The reign of Philip II saw an intensification and remarkable geographical extension of this phenomenon. His Thracian policy, presented in a misleading manner by some ancient texts and misunderstood by the Moderns, must be reinterpreted. Innovative in many ways, it was one of his highest priorities and was a model for his successors until the last kings of Macedonia. The success of his Thracian policy can be observed in its achievements : the pacification of the region, and the massive recruitment of Thracian warriors, that contributed to a very large extent to the successes of Alexander the Great in Asia.The thesis finally offers a reappraisal of the history and geographical limits of the Odrysian Kingdom, through a study of the tribal and warlike structures in Thrace

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Tweten, Lisa. "Evidence of Orphic mystery cult in archaic Macedonian and Thracian burials". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55183.

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Gold foil is found in numerous burials in the Mediterranean dating to the early Mycenaean period and the material was used as clothing attachments, jewelry, headbands, wreaths, and other decorative adornments. One of the more distinctive uses of gold foil was as a mouth-plate (or epistomion), which is an ellipsoidal or rhomboidal piece of gold foil placed on the mouth of the deceased in a burial. An apparent increase in artifact occurrence in Macedonia during the archaic period was the impetus for this thesis, as a change in grave goods suggests a change in funerary rituals. This change may be linked to the rise of local private cults, including mystery cults, that took place in the archaic period. Furthermore, these artifacts are stylistically, materially, and contextually similar to the later Classical and Hellenistic periods use of gold foil for the inscribed Orphic gold tablets. The inscribed Orphic tablets have clear links to mystery cults and are related to both the initiation and the afterlife expectations of the deceased. Taking a selection of the uninscribed gold foil mouth-plates found in archaic burials of Macedonia and Thrace, this thesis examines the potential links between these two practices and asks whether the uninscribed gold foil mouth-plates can be assigned to the category of 'things Orphic', or if they are part of an unrelated burial tradition. While it is difficult to arrive at a definitive classification for these artifacts at the moment, this thesis offers a starting point to place the archaic mouth-plates in their proper social, cultural, and ritual context.
Arts, Faculty of
Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of
Graduate

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Mangum, Meagan A. "Oisyme, a Greco-Thracian community in northern Greece : pots, position and potential". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7749/.

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The early stages of colonisation in the Thracian Littoral are not well understood. These sites are often viewed with reference to the cultural contributions of Greece, to the exclusion of the Thracian participants. The Oisyme collection provides a unique opportunity to view ritual activity with a view of the archaeological evidence informed by the contributions of local, regional and ‘international’ players. In order to contextualize the pottery, I created a detailed study on the architecture and landscape of Oisyme, with reference to the Thracian culture contributions. It is from this vantage point that the East Greek, North Aegean and Oisymian pottery from the acropolis and south necropolis of Oisyme are analysed. These pottery groups are included together because they are the earliest traditions present at Oisyme and stylistically linked. They range in date from the earliest Thracian settlement through the emporion, apoikia and polis phases, as I have defined them at Oisyme. By focusing on the predominant shape (Drinking Vessels) and the origins of each variety in context, this study alters our view of Oisyme by demonstrating earlier contact, trade connections and a complex pattern of depositional preferences. All these suggest the construction of an identity by the Oisymians themselves.

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Sartori, André Fernando. "Anatomia do bivalve antártico Thracia meridionalis Smith, 1885 (Anomalodesmata:Thraciidae)". Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-19092004-192817/.

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Sartori, André Fernando. "Anatomia do bivalve antártico Thracia meridionalis Smith, 1885 (Anomalodesmata: Thraciidae)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-19092004-192817/.

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Thraciidae é uma das famílias de Anomalodesmata menos estudadas, dentre as quatorze que compõem a subclasse. Das cerca de trinta espécies atribuídas à família, apenas Trigonothracia jinxingae teve sua biologia e anatomia examinadas em detalhes; para outros Thraciidae, há pouca ou nenhuma informação morfológica, o que dificulta o entendimento das relações filogenéticas dentre os Anomalodesmata. Thracia meridionalis, única representante da família em águas antárticas, é aqui analisada sob o ponto de vista da anatomia, buscando iniciar o entendimento da biologia da espécie, bem como aprofundar os conhecimentos acerca do gênero Thracia e família Thraciidae, indispensáveis para a elucidação das relações evolutivas dentre os Anomalodesmata. A investigação detalhada da concha, sifões, e das estruturas e órgãos que compõem a cavidade palial e massa visceral foi realizada utilizando-se técnicas de dissecção, histologia e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A concha é fina, inequivalve, ornamentada por grânulos periostracais calcificados, e dotada de charneira edêntula, ligamento secundário e primário, este último com litodesma presente apenas em indivíduos jovens. O manto tem margens extensivamente fundidas, com curta abertura pediosa, quarta abertura palial reduzida e sifões longos, separados, originando-se exclusivamente das pregas internas; as glândulas hipobranquiais são assimétricas, porém restritas à câmara infra-branquial, o que distingue T. meridionalis dentre os Anomalodesmata. Os ctenídios são extensos, heterorrábdicos e do tipo E de Atkins; uma ampla abertura entre os eixos dos ctenídios e o septo que separa as aberturas proximais dos sifões permite a comunicação entre as câmaras infra e supra-branquiais. A associação entre os palpos labiais e ctenídios pertence à categoria III de Stasek, e os estatocistos são do tipo B3 de Morton, este tipo constituindo novo registro para os Thracioidea. O estômago do tipo IV na classificação de Purchon é extensivamente provido de áreas de triagem, sugerindo que o animal ingere grande quantidade de partículas, o que é corroborado pelo intestino freqüentemente dilatado e repleto de fezes. T. meridionalis é hermafrodita simultâneo, com gônadas, gonodutos e gonóporos distintos. Grandes ovócitos (~200 µm) protegidos por espessa membrana vitelínica, e razão próxima de 0,75 entre os comprimentos das prodissoconchas I e II são indicativos de desenvolvimento larval lecitotrófico.
The functional morphology of the Thraciidae is sparsely understood. Though several of its members had some morphological aspect described, only Trigonothracia jinxingae from Chinese waters is known in details, Thracia meridionalis being the first austral thraciid to be comprehensively reported upon. The latter species is the only representative of the family in Antarctic waters, and a common mud-dweller in the Admiralty Bay, King George Island, where living specimens were collected for the present study. T. meridionalis shares with Trigonothracia jinxingae many features that are typical of most Anomalodesmata: a secondary ligament of fused periostracum; extensively fused mantle margins; ctenidia of type E; ctenidial-labial palp junction of category III; stomach of type IV and simultaneous hermaphroditism. However, T. meridionalis is strikingly different from Trigonothracia in a number of aspects, as the presence of a fourth pallial aperture; statocysts of type B3; heterorhabdic ctenidia; a direct communication between the mantle chambers; deep-burrowing habit, the specimens lying on the left shell valve; siphons often retracted away from the sediment surface, protected within their mucous-lined burrows; stomach with extensive sorting areas; suspension-feeding habit; rectum passing over the kidneys and separate male and female gonadial apertures, thus revealing a greater diversity of form within the Thraciidae than is currently known.

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Dobreva, Diana Sergeeva. "Tra Oriente e Occidente: dinamiche commerciali in Moesia Inferior e Thracia in epoca romana. :I dati dei contenitori da trasporto". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421617.

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The aim of the present research is to analyse and reconstruct, by means of amphoras, the trade routes in the Eastern provinces of Moesia Inferior and Thrace and the economic relationships between this area and the regions of the Western Mediterranean. After a brief geographical and historical overview, focused on the agricultural propensity and exploitation of the area (chapter 1), the amphoras attested in Moesia Inferior and Thrace according to the typological standard are presented (chapter 2). Forty types of transport containers are inspected and divided into two chronological groups (Late Hellenistic productions and Imperial ones produced untill the 5th century AD, taking into consideration also few possible production continuity in later periods). For each type some morphological characteristics, fabric peculiarities, production’s areas, distribution, chronology and content are indicated. A special detail examination is dedicated to the Pontic amphoras, generally least known, classified in different ways and items in the local studies, often published in Slavic languages (Bulgarian, Serbian, Romanian, Russian). The knowledge of these languages allowed to set up some links between the local tipological systems and those commonly established. An analysis of unpublished materials (which reach about 400 items personally examined) from selected sites completes the general frame of the evidences. Seven case studies, situated near by important commercial routes have been selected: three of them are located on the right bank of the Danube river (Novae, Sexaginta Prista and Trimammium), the other three are situated on the Western coast of the Black Sea (Odessos, Deultum, Apollonia Pontica) and one (Kabyle) in the inner part of Thrace (chapter 3). For each site some topographic and cronological aspects, the research areas and the contexts of the amphora finds are examined. The results have been put into tables which summarise and offer a sinthetic vision of the distribution patterns during the different historical phases and create a chronological net of references which able to put into consideration some finds without precise context information either. The fourth and the final chapter of this thesis constitutes a concluding summary of the study of the consumption and trade of goods in the Roman provinces of Lower Mesia and Thrace. Two streams of distribution are distinguished: the first one developped on the Western coast of the Black Sea and is particularly related with the Aegean basin and the Pontic area. In this landscape dominated by the consumption of local goods and imports of Eastern Mediterranean some trade connections with the West back to the Late Hellenistic period can be marked. The second stream (the Danube), is strictly connected with the presence of the Roman army and its important role increases from the beginning of the second half of the 1st century AD, during the kingdom of emperor Vespasianus, many entrepreneurs, attracted by the great possibilities of the military market in the Balkans, start commercial relationships between these zone and the Adriatic Sea. After the Dacian Wars and the establishment of the province of Dacia in 106 AD, a new period of economic and social stability is created. The Adriatic commodities are replaced from the Spanish imports, which increase after the organization of annona militaris. In spite of the scarce availability of evidence, it emerges from analysis of the data that in the examinated period some goods from the Western Black Sea region reach the inland of Thrace, as for example is the case of Kabyle. The increase of the social and economic role of Constantinople and the change of centre of power towards the Eastern part of the Empire makes possible the arrival of some North African products. Although these containers occur in a smaller percentage than the amphoras from other centres, their role become more important during the Early Byzantine period.
Il progetto di ricerca si propone di analizzare e ricostruire, per mezzo degli indicatori forniti dai contenitori da trasporto, le direttrici di traffico che interessarono le province orientali di Moesia Inferior e Thracia, e in particolare i loro rapporti economici con le regioni del Mediterraneo occidentale. Dopo un breve inquadramento di carattere storico e geografico, in cui particolare attenzione viene rivolta alla vocazione e allo sfruttamento agricolo del territorio (capitolo 1), segue una presentazione su base tipologica delle anfore documentate in Moesia Inferior e Thracia (capitolo 2). Sono stati passati in rassegna 40 tipi di contenitori da trasporto, suddivisi dal punto di vista cronologico in due grandi scansioni (le produzioni relative all'età tradoellenistica e quelle di età imperiale attive fino al V secolo d.C., non trascurando anche eventuali continuità nei periodi posteriori), per i quali sono stati evidenziati le caratteristiche morfologiche e del corpo ceramico, le aree di produzione, la diffusione, la cronologia e, ove possibile, il contenuto. Un particolare approfondimento è stato dedicato alle produzioni dell'area pontica, poichè si tratta di anfore meno conosciute, spesso variamente classificate, e il cui studio è disperso in numerose pubblicazioni, di carattere locale, edite soprattutto in lingue slave (bulgaro, serbo, rumeno, russo). La conoscenza di queste lingue ha consentito innanzitutto di creare dei collegamenti tra i sistemi tipologici locali e quelli più comunemente affermati. Nella creazione di un quadro generale delle presenze si è affiancata alla revisione dei dati editi l'analisi di materiale inedito e visto personalmente (circa quattrocento esemplari anforari), proveniente da alcuni siti selezionati: si tratta di sette siti situati nell'immediata vicinanza di grandi arterie commerciali, tre lungo il basso corso del Danubio (Novae, Sexaginta Prista e Trimammium), tre sulla costa occidentale del Mar Nero (Odessos, Deultum, Apollonia Pontica) e l'ultimo, Kabyle, nell'entroterra della Thracia (capitolo 3). Per ciascun sito si sono affrontati gli aspetti topografici e cronologici, le aree indagate e i contesti di ritrovamento delle anfore. Le tabelle rassuntive dei dati ricavati offrono una visione sintetica del quadro distributivo nelle diverse fasi storiche, proponendo una griglia cronologica di riferimento anche per i reperti privi di informazioni sul contesto di rinvenimento. Nelle considerazioni conclusive (capitolo 4) si è affrontata una disamina generale sul consumo e commercio in Moesia Inferior e Thracia. Vengono distinte due direttrici commerciali: la prima appare afferente alla rotta occidentale del Mar Nero e quindi interessata prevalentemente dai traffici pontici e egei, ma nonostante un panorama di prevalenti arrivi e consumi di derrate locali o del Mediterraneo orientale, è stato possibile evidenziare lo svilupparsi, già a partire dall'età tardoellenistica, di rapporti commerciali con l'Occidente. La seconda direttrice, il Danubio, risulta essere strettamente collegata alla presenza dell'esercito romano; la sua importanza aumenta notevolmente a partire dalla metà del I secolo d.C., quando, durante l’epoca di Vespasiano, i produttori dell’Adriatico sono attratti dalla grande possibilità ricettiva dell’esercito. Dopo le guerre daciche di Traiano e la nascita della provincia di Dacia (106 d.C.) si inaugura un periodo di tranquillità: le derrate dall’Adriatico lasciano spazio a quelle della penisola iberica, che diventano prevalenti con l’istituzione dell’annona militaris, voluta dall’imperatore Settimio Severo per sopperire alle esigenze alimentari dell’esercito. Nonostante la scarsità di dati disponibili è stato possibile ricostruire come in questo periodo alcune merci provenienti dal Mar Nero raggiungessero anche i territori più interni della Tracia (ad esempio Kabyle). Con l'affermarsi di Costantinopoli, e con il conseguente spostamento del baricentro politico dell'Impero verso Oriente, fanno le loro prime occasionali comparse le anfore africane, la cui presenza cresce fino a diventare predominante durante il periodo tardoantico.

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Slawisch, Anja. "Die Grabsteine der römischen Provinz Thracia Aufnahme, Verarbeitung und Weitergabe überregionaler Ausdrucksmittel am Beispiel der Grabsteine einer Binnenprovinz zwischen Ost und West". Langenweissbach Beier & Beran, 2004. http://d-nb.info/988576996/04.

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Kitanov, Kitan. "Les matériaux et les techniques de réalisation de la peinture murale des tombeaux de l’antiquité tardive en Thracia et en Dacia (fin IIIe - VIe siècle ap. J.-C)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040301.

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La recherche est représentée en deux volumes et un enregistrement sur un DVD. Dans le volume est présentée la particularité du texte qui se consiste en introduction, six chapitres, abréviation, sigle et bibliographie. Le deuxième volume représente des 267 planches et des 17 tableaux. Dans introduction ont été déterminées les limites chronologiques – fin du III ème jusqu’au chute de la civilisation de l’antiquité tardive sur les Balkans à la fin du VIe et au début du VIIe siècle ap. J.-C. On a fait un bref aperçu sur les recherches de ces monuments. Dans le Chapitre I ont été envisagées les différentes méthodes analytiques. Au début, on a décrit la recherche des peintures murales des tombeaux réalisée in situ. Pour obtenir des informations concernant les types des colorants et des liants de la couche picturale, ainsi que l’établissement de la composition quantitative et qualitative de différents mortiers ont été appliquées les méthodes analytiques suivantes : pétrographique et minéralogique, granulométrie, microsonde électronique et microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB), diffraction des rayons X, spectrométrie IR et spectrométrie IR Raman. Dans le Chapitre II a été faite une recherche sur les divers matériaux de la structure des peintures : matériaux de construction, mortier de liaison, couches d’enduit, pigments et liants. On a constaté que les peintres ont utilisé, au début de la période, des pigments chers et que l’on les a appliqués en état pur. Tels pigment ont été le cinabre et le bleu égyptien. D’autre part la palette s’est progressivement appauvrie. La riche gamme de pigments, existant pendant la période de la fin du IIIe au début du Ve, a devenu de plus en plus restreinte en aboutissant également à l’usage de l’ocre rouge qui a été rarement accompagné de couleur verte (terre verte) vers la fin du Ve et au VIe siècle ap. J.-C. Le Chapitre III présente les techniques de réalisation et le système de travail. On a déterminé que la technique principale d’exécution est a fresco, mais on a constaté aussi d’autres techniques (fresque à la chaux, peinture à la chaux, détrampe). Les constatations notées dans les chapitres précédents nous ont permis de faites la synthèse dans le Chapitre IV. Les matériaux et les techniques de réalisation de la peinture funéraire sont représentés en ordre chronologique. Dans le Chapitre V on a montré en détail 48 tombeaux de deux diocèses. Les décors des tombeaux ne sont pas figurés seulement au point de vue de matériaux et de techniques, on a aussi étudié leurs thèmes iconographiques et leurs motifs ornaméntaux. Le chapitre VI présente la conclusion principale de la thèse. Il évoque sous en résumé l’influence directe de l’art de l’Asie Mineure ainsi que l’influence indirecte de l’art des terres italiques. Le riche répertoire de thèmes est accompagné d’une large palette d’interprétations créatrices et de solutions techniques. Á la fin de la période, la peinture funéraire disparait. Ce fait nous incite à établir un lien avec le changement du rite funéraire. D’autre part, le matériau archéologique permet de constater un développement important de l’art figuratif pendant cette période. Ainsi la peinture murale rend-elle prioritaires d’autres structures architecturales, notamment les basiliques, les églises et les baptistaires chrétiens. Les abréviations présentent les publications périodiques et de diverses institutions. On a ajouté une liste des nomes antique des sites et leurs nomes modernes. La bibliographie représentent des sources et des textes antiques, des livre de base, ainsi que des publications sur la peinture antique grecque et romaine, recherche sur des monuments donnés, ainsi que telles présentant des problèmes déterminés sur les matériaux et la technologie de la peinture pariétale. Une liste des sites électroniques est également montrée
The research is presented in two volumes and a DVD record. Volume one represents the text part of the thesis consisting of introduction and 6 chapters with abbreviations, bibliography and indexes. The second volume includes 267 plates and 17 tables.In the introduction has been defined the chronological period of the review spanning through the years of the end of the ІІІd century until the fall of the late antique civilization on the Balkans in the end of the VІth and beginning of the VІІth century AC. A review of the study of the objects in Thracia and Dacia is presented in briefs.In chapter I examined the different analytical methods. The beginning part presents the research of the objects in situ. For the gathering of the information concerning the type of the pigments and adhesives used for realization of the murals, as well as for the differentiation of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the ingredient components of the different ground layers there have been used the following analytical methods: pictographic and mineralogical analyses, granulometry, electronic microprobes, CEM, structural Х-ray analysis, AEA-ICP, IR spectrometry and IR Raman spectrometry. The second chapter contains the examination of the different types of materials as: plasters, pigments and adhesives used for the realization of the tomb murals. The results are classified according to belonging to three basic groups – of natural origin, synthetic and mixed pigments. There has been proved that in the beginning of the period there had been used some most expensive pigments in an almost clear form as cinnabar and egyptian blue. However in time the palette gradually got poorer and by the end of the period it became limited to only dark red pigments (red ochre, rarely accompanied by green pigment (green earth). The results of the type of the adhesives used for the realization of the murals are presented in particulars. The use of non-organic adhesive - calcium hydroxide has been found. In Chapter ІІІ there are reviewed the picturesque technique and system of implementation. There has been defined the main technique a fresco, however the presence of other techniques has been also found. The constatations made in all previous chapters are summarized in Chapter ІV. In a chronological plan there were reviewed the materials and techniques which were in use. The Chapter V in details are presented all available tombs with painting murals, that were a subject of the present research. The murals have been outlined not only in the perspective of the implemented materials and techniques of realization, but also from the position of the analysis of the ornamental motives and iconographic system. The Chapter VI presents the main conclusion of the thesis. The direct influence of the art of Asia Minor is given in summarized form, as well as the indirect one – through the art of the land of Italy, for example. The rich repertoire of subjects is accompanied by a wealth of creative interpretations and technical solutions. The wall painting became a priority of the Church architecture at the end of Late Antiquity, which has also been proven by archaeological surveys. The palette of colours and technique of application used in tomb art found new implementation in depicting images of the already regulated Christian art in church architecture. The abbreviations contain periodical press publications and public institutions. There has been attached a list with the names of the archeological objects as known in ancient and contemporary time. The bibliography contains: the ancient authors, basic sources of information, specialized researches and publications on roman and late antique painting, publications on particular cultural monuments, as well as expert publications focused on specific problems of the materials and technology research

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Mačková, Marcela. "Obytná architektura v západním Černomoří s přihlédnutím k poměrům v severozápadní černomořské oblasti". Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-307121.

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1 Abstract This diploma thesis describes domestic architecture in the western Black Sea area in the time range between two half of the 6th century and the first half of the third century BC. Geographically, the studied settlement is located mainly in today's Bulgaria and on the coast Romania and Ukraine. Locations in the northwestern Black Sea area (e.g. Olbia, Berezan) have (in the Greek colonies in their neighborhood) much better preserved domestic architec- ture than sites in the western Black Sea area. The work is historical and culturally divided into Greek and Thracian settlement. Based on a comparison is made interpretation of the above mentioned settlements. The aim was to characterize individual sites, interpret and compared with each other, or finds analogous parallels especially in the Greek world. The work should refer to the func- tioning of domestic architecture (or the whole domestic urban), as in Greek cities in defined areas of the western and northwestern Black Sea area, and in places that were inhabited by the original (Thracian) population. Interpretative result of the work needed to improve under- standing of cultural relations between Greeks and Thracians which determined urban devel- opment mainly in the inner Thrace. Keywords: domestic architecture, settlement, Thracians, Greeks,...

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Nolan, Michael Francis. "A modern-spelling critical edition of The Thracian wonder /". 1994. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,166500.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1994.
Typescript. Includes index. Includes in Appendix A: An old-spelling text of The Thracian wonder. Bibliography: leaves [336]-369. Also available online.

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Książki na temat "Thracians"

Aleksandŭr, Fol, Marazov Ivan i Institut po trakologii͡a︡ (Bŭlgarska akademii͡a︡ na naukite), red. Trakiĭskoto sŭkrovishte ot Rogozen. Sofii͡a︡: Izd-vo na Bŭlgarskata akademii͡a︡ na naukite, 1988.

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Topalov, Stavri. Ancient Thrace: Contributions to the study of the early Thracian tribal coinage and it's [sic] relations to the coinage of the Odrysians and the Odrysian kingdom during 6th-4th. c. B.C. Sofia: S. Topalov, 2003.

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Topalov, Stavri. Prinosi kŭm prouchvane monetosecheneto i istorii︠a︡ta v zemite na iztochna Trakii︠a︡ ot krai︠a︡ na IV v. pr.n.e. do krai︠a︡ na III v. pr.n.e.: Contributions to the study of the coinage and history in the lands of eastern Thrace from the end of the 4th c. B.C. to the end of the 3rd c. B.C. [Sofia, Bulgaria]: Nasko-1701, 2001.

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Venedikov, Ivan. Trakiĭskoto sŭkrovishte ot Letnit︠s︡a. Sofii︠a︡: Univer. izd-vo "Sv. Kliment Okhridski", 1996.

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Nikolov, Bogdan. The Rogozen Thracian treasure, Bulgaria. Sofia, Bulgaria: Sofia Press, 1986.

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Fol, Aleksandŭr. The new Thracian treasure from Rogozen, Bulgaria. London: Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Publications, 1986.

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Nikolov, Bogdan. Thracian treasures from the Vraca area. Sofia: Sofia Press, 1988.

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Boteva-Boi︠a︡nova, Dili︠a︡na. Obraz i kult v drevna Trakii︠a︡: Aspekti na formiraneto na trakiĭskii︠a︡ obrazen ezik. [Veliko Tŭrnovo]: Izdatelstvo Faber, 2006.

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Topalov, Stavri. Plemena i vladeteli ot zemite na Odriskoto t͡s︡arstvo i granichnite mu i͡u︡gozapadni teritorii ot krai͡a︡ na VI do sredata na IV v. pr.n.e.: Prinosi kŭm prouchvane monetosechenieto i istorii͡a︡ta na Drevna Trakii͡a︡. [Bulgaria]: Nasko-1701, 1998.

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Części książek na temat "Thracians"

Paneva-Marinova, Desislava, Malvina Rousseva, Maria Dimova i Lilia Pavlova. "Tell the Story of Ancient Thracians Through Serious Game". W Digital Heritage. Progress in Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Preservation, and Protection, 509–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01762-0_44.

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Maglova, Penka, i Alexey Stoev. "Thracian Sanctuaries". W Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, 1385–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_135.

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González-García, A. César, Dimiter Kolev i Vesselina Koleva. "Thracian Dolmens". W Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, 1395–402. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_136.

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Guijarro Ruano, Paloma. "Onomastics and linguistic contact in Aegean Thrace". W Contacts linguistiques en Grèce ancienne, 39–58. Lyon: MOM Éditions, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/1214u.

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The aim of this paper is to analyse language contact phenomena in the stock of indigenous personal names from Aegean Thrace, a region which, according to Dana’s classification of Thracian personal names (OnomThrac, p. LXXVII), belongs to a transitional onomastic area. The material coming from the Greek coastal colonies will be examined from the point of view of linguistic contact between the Greek and Thracian languages. The focus will be on the definition of the mixed character of anthroponyms from a twofold perspective: the description of the Thracian evidence in light of Dana’s categorization and its adaptation to the Greek system of personal names. Particular attention will be paid to the emergence and diffusion of morphological processes of Hellenization of Thracian names.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., i Anna I. Glushenkova. "Thymus thracicus var. longidens". W Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 543. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_1739.

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Nikolov, Hristo, i Mila Atanasova. "Local Geodatabase as Tool for Monitoring the Landslide “Thracian Cliffs”". W Recent Research on Geotechnical Engineering, Remote Sensing, Geophysics and Earthquake Seismology, 121–23. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48715-6_27.

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Topalilov, Ivo. "The Origo of the Thracian Praetorians in the Time of Severans". W The Roman Empire during the Severan Dynasty, redaktorzy T. Corey Brennan i Eric C. De Sena, 287–300. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463214340-013.

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Fol, Alexander. "Thracians and Mycenaeans". W Thracians and Mycenaeans, 9–14. BRILL, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004673380_004.

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"Athenians and Thracians". W Greeks Bearing Gifts, 134–47. Cambridge University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511582820.008.

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Archibald, Zofia H. "Thracians and Scythians". W The Cambridge Ancient History, 444–75. Cambridge University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521233484.018.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Thracians"

Bondzev, Asen. "The life of Orpheus – Contributions to European culture". W 8th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.08.09125b.

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Orpheus is one of the greatest historical contributions of the Thracians in European culture. He is much more than a talented poet and singer. He is a religious reformer, a priest, a teacher. This study aims to present his life and influence on later philosophers as Pythagoras and Plato, and analyze some Orphic tablets of eschatological nature. The roots of Orphic teachings are so deep, that missionaries of the new Christian faith were forced to use the image of Orpheus in their desire to baptize the local population in Thrace and even Rome. Orpheus comes to walk the most difficult path – spreading the doctrine of salvation of the human soul, which remains one of the highest achievements of European culture and hope for its humane future.

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Kambaki-Vougioukli, P., i Th Koukos. "We chaτ tthrakiotka (thracian)... even on the internet!" W VI Международная научная конференция по эллинистике памяти И.И. Ковалевой. Москва: Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52607/9785190116113_154.

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Gardeva, Anna Gardeva. "HEAVY SNOWFALLS IN THRACIAN LOWLAND AND CORRESPONDING HYDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT". W 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b31/s12.044.

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Atanasova-Zlatareva, M., H. Nikolov, I. Georgiev i A. Ivanov. "Application of Contemporary Technologies for Monitoring Landslides „Thracian Cliff“". W 11th Congress of the Balkan Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202149bgs68.

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Paneva-Marinova, Desislava, Malvina Rousseva, Radoslav Pavlov i Detelin Luchev. "THE ANCIENT THRACIAN CIVILIZATION AND MODERN YOUTH CONVERGENCE BY SERIOUS GAMES". W 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2018.1002.

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Minkova, Stefka, Galia Gentscheva, Krastena Nikolova i Christina Tzvetkova. "Evaluation of some spectroscopic characteristics and chemical composition of wines from the Thracian lowland". W WORLD MULTIDISCIPLINARY CIVIL ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE-URBAN PLANNING SYMPOSIUM WMCAUS 2022. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0172949.

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Dimitrov, Emil, Martin Nenov i Toma Shishkov. "SOIL PROPERTIES OF CHROMIC CAMBISOLS FROM THE UPPER THRACIAN LOWLAND IN THE SOUTHERN BULGARIA". W 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s13.34.

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The paper deals with soil properties characterized the intrinsic peculiarity of studied Chromic Cambisols from the Upper Thracian Lowland, in the Southern Bulgaria. To fulfill the aim, a systematic survey and sampling have been carried out on the terrain with conventional and organic systems of farming. Soil physical, chemical and physicochemical properties were discussed including the analyzed data for particle size distribution, content and composition of organic substances, cation exchange capacity, soil bulk density, soil particle density and porosity. The organic matter was directly dependent on the local environmental conditions, the result of natural bioactivity. Soil adsorbent was affected by acidification in the surface horizon so there was evidence of initial destructive processes of the soil adsorption complex, despite the relatively high degree of soil saturation with bases. The comparison between conventional and organic farming showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the studied soil indexes, that could be provoked by the farming system applied at the trials.

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Georgieva, Milena, i Tzvetomila Vladinova. "Multiple metamorphic events recorded in kyanite-andalusite gneisses from Parvenets complex, Thracian lithotectonic unit, Bulgaria". W Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.12833.

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Atanasova-Zlatareva, Mila, i Hristo Nikolov. "Integrative use of GNSS and InSAR data – a case study of landslide on the Thracian rocks coastal slope". W Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications XI, redaktorzy Karsten Schulz, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos i Ulrich Michel. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2573641.

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Nenov, Martin, Emil Dimitrov i Toma Shishkov. "SOIL PROPERTIES OF PELLIC VERTISOLS UNDER CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING FROM SOUTHERN BULGARIA". W 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s13.35.

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The paper deals with statistical analyses of data on soil properties of Pellic Vertisols selected from the eastern as well western part of the Upper Thracian Lowland, in Southern Bulgaria. Based on the survey in 2019, 2020 and 2021 at conventional and organic farming the data was processed using the statistical package Statgraphics (Anova). Soil textural class was the same a light to heavy clay and the total porosity was low. Natural variability of soils was due to imposed local separateness of organic farming from conventional. None of the studied soil parameters have statistically significant difference by the depth of sampling. Mean pH(H2O) value varied per year of survey, which could be due to a different factors. Available forms of nutrients N, P and K have varied with statistically significant difference per year of survey also. Generally the mean pH(H2O) values were higher at conventional farming nearby Chirpan town. Positive trend was increasing of pH(H2O) in organic farming. The humus content was not affected by the farming system. Negative trend was decreasing of humus content over the years. The mean values on available phosphorus P2O5 and potassium K2O were higher at conventional farming; the available forms of mineral nitrogen were commensurate. The statistical processing of data showed that there was no statistically significant difference of main soil parameters in Pellic Vertisols under conventional and organic farming nearby Karnobat town.

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