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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Tissue equivalence phantom”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 2 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Sukhikh, E., L. Sukhikh, A. Vertinsky, P. Izhevsky, I. Sheino, and V. Vertoukhova. "Analysis of the Physical and Radiobiological Equivalence of the Calculated and Measured Dose Distributions for Prostate Stereotactic Radiotherapy." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 66, no. 3 (2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-3-68-75.

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Purpose: Carrying out the analysis of the physical and radiobiological equivalence of dose distributions obtained during the planning of hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy of the prostate cancer and verification using a three-dimensional cylindrical dosimeter. Material and Methods: Based on the anatomical data of twelve patients diagnosed with prostate carcinoma, stage T2N0M0 with low risk, plans were developed for stereotactic radiation therapy with volumetric modulates arc therapy (VMAT). The dose per fraction was 7,25 Gy for 5 fractions (total dose 36,25 Gy) with a normal

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Rismawati, Sigma Nur, Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor, Yuyun Yueniwati, and Fatimah Kunti Hentihu. "Impact of In-House Bolus Thickness on The Percentage of Surface Dose for 10 and 12 MeV Electron Beams." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 8, no. 6 (2022): 2833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i6.2344.

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The surface dose on electron irradiation which is received by the skin does not reach 100%, so a bolus is needed as a compensator material in order to reach or approach 100%. This study aims to create, test, and describe the effect of different thicknesses of boluses that are made of 3D printed TPU, silicone sealant and resin on equivalence with tissue and the percentage of surface dose produced. A bolus with a size of 15x15 cm2 and with variations in thickness of 0.3 cm, 0.5 cm, and 1 cm was imaged by a CT-Scan to analyze the CT-Number value and relative electron density using imageJ software

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Shakhov, P. V., G. V. Tikhonowski, E. A. Popova-Kuznetsova, et al. "Studying IR Photohyperthermia Sensitized by Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles Using Tissue-Equivalent Phantoms." Meditsinskaya Fizika 94, no. 2 (2022): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52775/1810-200x-2022-94-2-85-95.

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Purpose: To use tissue-equivalent phantom for studies of thermal fields in biological tissues during IR photo hyperthermia with plasmonic titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN NPs). Material and methods: Gel phantom based on polyacrylamide (PAA) with addition of naphtol green dye and intralipid 10% was created. Optical properties (reduced scattering coefficient) of phantom ingredients were determined using added absorber technique. Thermal field distribution was studied with IR thermal imaging technique. 50 nm plasmonic TiN NPs, synthetized by laser ablation in liquids, were used as sensitizers

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4

Slassi, Noureddine, Hmad Ouabi, and Naïma El Khayati. "Comparison of an in-house developed monitor unit double-check program for 3D conformal radiation therapy and treatment planning system verification." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 18, no. 03 (2019): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396918000742.

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AbstractAimThe treatment planning system (TPS) plays a key role in radiotherapy treatments; it is responsible for the accurate determination of the monitor unit (MU) needed to be delivered to treat a patient with cancer. The main goal of radiotherapy is to sterilise the tumour; however, any imprecise dose delivered could lead to deadly consequences. The TPS has a quality assurance tool, an independent program to double check the MU, evaluate patient plan correctness and search for any potential error.Materials and methodsIn this work, a comparison was carried out between a MU calculated by TPS

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Qomariyah, Nurul, Abdul Waris, Rahadi Wirawan, Heru Prasetio, and Freddy Haryanto. "Design and Development of a 3D-Printed Tissue Equivalent Phantom for Cobalt-60 HDR Brachytherapy." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 21, no. 09 (2025): 153–68. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v21i09.55513.

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The use of 3D phantoms represents patient anatomy, enabling more effective treatment planning optimization. This study aims to develop a tissue-equivalent 3D-printed phantom as a dosimetry application for the HDR-BT Cobalt-60 source. Polylactic Acid (PLA) with a single infill density of 85% was used to achieve tissue-equivalent characteristics. The phantom features a 200 mm diameter spherical structure composed of three distinct components, including an applicator channel and cavities in each layer to accommodate the HDR-BT source dose measurement detector. The characteristics of the 3D-PLA ph

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6

Abedi, Soroush, Nadine Joachimowicz, Nicolas Phillips, and Hélène Roussel. "A Simulation-Based Methodology of Developing 3D Printed Anthropomorphic Phantoms for Microwave Imaging Systems." Diagnostics 11, no. 2 (2021): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020376.

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This work is devoted to the development and manufacturing of realistic benchmark phantoms to evaluate the performance of microwave imaging devices. The 3D (3 dimensional) printed phantoms contain several cavities, designed to be filled with liquid solutions that mimic biological tissues in terms of complex permittivity over a wide frequency range. Numerical versions (stereolithography (STL) format files) of these phantoms were used to perform simulations to investigate experimental parameters. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, a general methodology for the development of a biologic

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7

Nakamura, Noriko, Yuka Okafuji, Saori Adachi, Kana Takahashi, Takashi Nakakuma, and Sohichirou Ueno. "Effect of Different Breast Densities and Average Glandular Dose on Contrast to Noise Ratios in Full-Field Digital Mammography: Simulation and Phantom Study." Radiology Research and Practice 2018 (December 10, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6192594.

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We aimed to investigate the effects of mammary gland density and average glandular dose (AGD) on contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of breast-equivalent phantoms with different mammary gland/fat tissue ratios. Full-field digital-mammography breast X-rays were performed on breast-equivalent phantoms with three different mammary gland/fat tissue ratios (Phantom A [30/70], Phantom B [50/50], and Phantom C [70/30]) and seven thicknesses ranging from 10 mm to 70 mm. The prediction formula for the CNR was calculated by multivariate analysis and the effects of the various parameters on CNR were evaluated

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8

Samson, D. O., S. H. Zuber, A. Shukri, et al. "New alternative equivalent phantom materials developed for radiotherapy applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2944, no. 1 (2025): 012012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2944/1/012012.

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Abstract This paper reported an eco-friendly natural-based composite phantom equivalent to human body tissues prepared by mangrove wood, soy proteins, sodium hydroxide, and three different amounts of itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin. The probability of photon interactions was comprehensively analyzed using Monte Carlo code EGSnrc PEGS4 simulation in the 0.001-70.0 MeV range and compared with those of water and solid water phantoms. The results showed that the obtained radiation attenuation factors had similar parameters to those of water and other commercially available equivalent

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9

Breslin, Thomas, Jason Paino, Marie Wegner, et al. "A Novel Anthropomorphic Phantom Composed of Tissue-Equivalent Materials for Use in Experimental Radiotherapy: Design, Dosimetry and Biological Pilot Study." Biomimetics 8, no. 2 (2023): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8020230.

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The production of anthropomorphic phantoms generated from tissue-equivalent materials is challenging but offers an excellent copy of the typical environment encountered in typical patients. High-quality dosimetry measurements and the correlation of the measured dose with the biological effects elicited by it are a prerequisite in preparation of clinical trials with novel radiotherapy approaches. We designed and produced a partial upper arm phantom from tissue-equivalent materials for use in experimental high-dose-rate radiotherapy. The phantom was compared to original patient data using densit

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10

Xu, Hai-Bing, An-Ding Dong, Mu-Tai Liu, Hsien-Chun Tseng, Chien-Yi Chen, and Sung-Yi Tsai. "Evaluating photoneutron dose equivalents for lung cancer using PMMA phantoms undergoing 15 MV IMRT." Technology and Health Care 30 (February 25, 2022): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-228004.

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BACKGROUND: According to statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2017, the second leading cause of death in Taiwan was lung cancer. OBJECTIVE: Routine treatment planning does not consider photoneutron dose equivalent (PNDE) of patient induced secondary radiation resulting from primary exposure of lung cancer. However, such treatment is potentially important for improving estimates of health risks. METHODS: This study used 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 kg of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) phantoms as patient to measure PNDE varying anatomical area during lung cancer of intensity modulated r

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11

Hariyanto, Aditya Prayugo, Kurnia Hastu Christianti, Agus Rubiyanto, Nasori Nasori, Mohammad Haekal, and Endarko Endarko. "The Effect of Pattern and Infill Percentage in 3D Printer for Phantom Radiation Applications." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 23, no. 2 (2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v23i2.27256.

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3D printing technology was capable of fabricating phantoms to enhance quality assurance in radiation therapy. The ideal phantom has properties equivalent to the real tissue. However, 3D Printing has the limits to mimicking the attenuation properties of various tissues because during 3D printing there can be only one type of material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of infill percentage and infill patterns of 3D printing technology to simulate various types of tissue. This study used 25 samples measuring 5 × 5 × 1 cm3 from PETG material. The 20 samples were printed using va

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12

Samson, Damilola, Ahmad Shukri, Mohd Zubir Mat Jafri, Rokiah Hashim, Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz, and Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof. "TISSUE EQUIVALENT MATERIALS FROM SPC-SPI/NAOH/IA-PAE BONDED MANGROVE WOOD CHARACTERIZED FOR RADIATION THERAPY DOSIMETRY." Science Proceedings Series 2, no. 2 (2020): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/sps.v2i2.1325.

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This research focuses on dosimetric measurements in bio-based tissue equivalent phantom materials, designed using soy protein concentrate (SPC), soy protein isolate (SPI), Rhizophora spp. wood, sodium hydroxide, and itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin with an ionization chamber and GafchromicTH EBT3 film dosimeters. The measurements were performed under exposure to 6 MV and 10 MV photon, and 6 MeV and 15 MeV electron beams. The particleboard samples were exposed to a dose of 100 cGy and 10 x 10 cm2 field size at a source-to-surface distance of 100 cm. The dosimeters were irradia

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13

Amini, I., and P. Akhlaghi. "Evaluation of CT calibration curves from stoichiometric and tissue substitute methods according to tissue characteristics." Radioprotection 54, no. 2 (2019): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2019011.

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In order to optimize and increase the precision of dose determination, it is important to obtain the relationship between CT Hounsfield units and electron densities, as the basic inputs for radiotherapy planning systems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to plot and compare the CT calibration curves resulted from both tissue substitute calibration (based on the tissue equivalent materials) and stoichiometric calibration (based on biological tissues) methods for a specific CT scanner at tube voltage of 120 kVp by applying a precise homemade physical phantom. Hence, the Hounsfield units of al

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14

Inal, Aysun. "Dosimetric evaluation of two phases of respiratory movement using a lung equivalent material for radiotherapy treatment planning." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 19, no. 2 (2019): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396919000505.

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AbstractBackground/aim:Radiation dosimetry requires special phantoms which are comparable with organs and tissues of a human body. The lung is one of the organs with a low density. Therefore, it is important to create and use lung equivalent phantoms in dosimetric controls. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of using lung equivalent phantoms for different respiratory phases during measurements with both computed tomography (CT) and linear accelerator.Materials and methods:The maximum lung inhalation phantom (LIP) and lung exhalation phantom (LEP) were created for two respi

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15

Bera, Tushar Kanti, and J. Nagaraju. "Electrical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies on Broiler Chicken Tissue Suitable for the Development of Practical Phantoms in Multifrequency EIT." Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance 2, no. 1 (2019): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jeb.174.

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Abstract Phantoms are essential for assessing the system performance in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT). Saline phantoms with insulator inhomogeneity fail to mimic the physiological structure of real body tissue in several aspects. Saline or any other salt solution is purely resistive and hence studying multifrequency EIT systems cannot be assessed with saline phantoms because the response of the purely resistive materials do not change over frequency. Animal tissues show a variable response over a wide band of signal frequency due to their complex physiological and physiochemical struct

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16

Sadeghi, Mohammad Hossein, Sedigheh Sina, and Ali Soleimani Meigooni. "Assessing Heterogeneity Effects on Points A, B, and Organs at Risk Doses in High-dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer – A Comparison of 192Ir and 60Co Sources Using Monte Carlo N-Particle 5." Journal of Medical Physics 49, no. 2 (2024): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmp.jmp_162_23.

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Purpose: The present article deals with investigating the effects of tissue heterogeneity consideration on the dose distribution of 192Ir and 60Co sources in high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT). Materials and Methods: A Monte Carlo N-Particle 5 (MCNP5) code was developed for the simulation of the dose distribution in homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms for cervical cancer patients. The phantoms represented water-equivalent and human body-equivalent tissues. Treatment data for a patient undergoing HDR-BT with a 192Ir source were used as a reference for validation, and for 60Co, AAPM Task G

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17

Frerker, Bernd, Elette Engels, Jason Paino, et al. "Fast and Fractionated: Correlation of Dose Attenuation and the Response of Human Cancer Cells in a New Anthropomorphic Brain Phantom." Biomimetics 10, no. 7 (2025): 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10070440.

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The results of radiotherapy in patients with primary malignant brain tumors are extremely dissatisfactory: the overall survival after a diagnosis of glioblastoma is typically less than three years. The development of spatially fractionated radiotherapy techniques could help to improve this bleak prognosis. In order to develop technical equipment and organ-specific therapy plans, dosimetry studies as well as radiobiology studies are conducted. Although perfect spheres are considered optimal phantoms by physicists, this does not reflect the wide variety of head sizes and shapes in our patient co

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18

Silberstein, Jenna, Steven Tran, Yin How Wong, Chai Hong Yeong, and Zhonghua Sun. "Development of a 3D-Printed Chest Phantom with Simulation of Lung Nodules for Studying Ultra-Low-Dose Computed Tomography Protocols." Applied Sciences 15, no. 1 (2024): 309. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010309.

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This study aimed to 3D print a patient-specific chest phantom simulating multiple lung nodules to optimise low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) protocols for lung cancer screening. The chest phantom, which was developed from a single patient’s chest CT images, was fabricated using a variety of materials, including polylactic acid (PLA), Glow-PLA, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyurethane resin. The phantom was scanned under different low-dose (LDCT) and ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) protocols by varying the kilovoltage peak (kVp) and milliampere-seconds (mAs). Subjective image quality o

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Yeom, Yeon Soo, Keith T. Griffin, Matthew M. Mille, et al. "Fetal dose from proton pencil beam scanning craniospinal irradiation during pregnancy: a Monte Carlo study." Physics in Medicine & Biology 67, no. 3 (2022): 035003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac4b38.

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Abstract Objective. We conducted a Monte Carlo study to comprehensively investigate the fetal dose resulting from proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) craniospinal irradiation (CSI) during pregnancy. Approach. The gestational-age dependent pregnant phantom series developed at the University of Florida (UF) were converted into DICOM-RT format (CT images and structures) and imported into a treatment planning system (TPS) (Eclipse v15.6) commissioned to a IBA PBS nozzle. A proton PBS CSI plan (prescribed dose: 36 Gy) was created on the phantoms. The TOPAS MC code was used to simulate the proton PBS

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Jusi, Arvin Lester C., Alvin Karlo Garcia Tapia, John Lorenzo Reyes, Ravtor A. Lebosada, Viktor Joshua L. Belizario, and John Paolo A. Ramoso. "Defect Characterization in Gel Phantom Using Ac Impedance Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 931 (September 9, 2022): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-753tcu.

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Gel phantoms are useful materials for medical diagnostics and impact testing. The gel phantoms can be tailored to suit various tissues from the bulk, microscopic and molecular components. These components have responses under an AC electric field. In this work, a gel phantom was prepared using a commercially-available gel powder. Cylindrical samples with varying degrees of defects were cut from the prepared gel phantom and tested using an AC impedance analyzer. The defects were created by piercing a needle along the center plane of the sample and the degree of defects was varied by increasing

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HAMADA, LIRA, KATSUMI FURUYA, and KOICHI ITO. "Biological Tissue-Equivalent Phantom for Microwave Hyperthermia." Thermal Medicine(Japanese Journal of Hyperthermic Oncology) 14, no. 1 (1998): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3191/thermalmedicine.14.31.

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Arcovito, G., and A. Piermattei. "Tissue Equivalent Phantom For Brachytherapy Sources Dosimetry." Journal of Medical Physics 11, no. 3 (1986): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.50336.

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JANG, KYOUNG WON, DONG HYUN CHO, SANG HUN SHIN, et al. "MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH ENERGY X-RAY DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS USING MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FIBER-OPTIC RADIATION DETECTORS." Modern Physics Letters B 22, no. 11 (2008): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984908015401.

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In this study, we have fabricated multi-dimensional fiber-optic radiation detectors with organic scintillators, plastic optical fibers and photo-detectors such as photodiode array and a charge-coupled device. To measure the X-ray dose distributions of the clinical linear accelerator in the tissue-equivalent medium, we have fabricated polymethylmethacrylate phantoms which have one-dimensional and two-dimensional fiber-optic detector arrays inside. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional detector arrays can be used to measure percent depth doses and surface dose distributions of high energy X-ra

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Khaidir, Laili Marlina, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof, Abdul Khalil Shawkataly, and Nurul Syazwina Mohamed. "Determination of Mass Attenuation Coefficient of Jute Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite as Tissue Equivalent Phantom." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2907, no. 1 (2024): 012013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2907/1/012013.

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Abstract The mass attenuation coefficient is a fundamental parameter in radiation physics and plays a pivotal role in understanding the interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. This study aims to determine mass attenuation coefficients of newly developed tissue equivalent phantom fabricated from jute fibres reinforced with epoxy resin and activated carbon as a filler. The composites were prepared based on four different filler levels (ranging from 0wt% to 5wt%). The produced phantoms are characterized in terms of half-value layer HVL (cm) relating to linear attenuation coefficient, μ (cm

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Daru, Richie Ranaisa, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Tina Ko, Yukti Shinglot, Rassel Raihan, and Ashfaq Adnan. "Electrically Equivalent Head Tissue Materials for Electroencephalogram Study on Head Surrogates." Applied Sciences 14, no. 6 (2024): 2495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14062495.

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With the recent advent of smart wearable sensors for monitoring brain activities in real-time, the scopes for using Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) in mobile and dynamic environments have become more relevant. However, their application in dynamic and open environments, typical of mobile wearable use, poses challenges. Presently, there is limited clinical data on using EEG/MEG as wearables. To advance these technologies at a time when large-scale clinical trials are not feasible, many researchers have turned to realistic phantom heads to further explore EEG and ME

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Gabriel, C. "Tissue equivalent material for hand phantoms." Physics in Medicine and Biology 52, no. 14 (2007): 4205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/52/14/012.

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Beck, B. L., K. A. Jenkins, J. R. Rocca, and J. R. Fitzsimmons. "Tissue-equivalent phantoms for high frequencies." Concepts in Magnetic Resonance 20B, no. 1 (2004): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmr.b.20002.

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Sękowska, Anna Magdalena, Aleksandra Kamińska, and Agnieszka Sabisz. "Optical method for verification of homogeneity of phantoms for calibration of magnetic resonance." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 3 (2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i3.833.

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The primary purpose of this study was to develop a laboratory photonic set-up for characterisation of homogeneity of gel phantoms for calibration of a magnetic resonance. In this system optical coherence tomography allows the detection of micro- and macroscopic heterogeneities of a structure. The set-up was used to perform measurements of agar and agar-carrageenan gels, which are the basis for more complex phantoms for magnetic resonance calibration. Obtained results were compared with magnetic resonance tomography methods used to detect macroscopic spatial differences in composition and heter

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Gallo, Pasqualina, Andrea D’Alessio, Riccardo Pascuzzo, et al. "Enhancing Soft Tissue Differentiation with Different Dual-Energy CT Systems: A Phantom Study." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051724.

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To quantitatively evaluate the possible advantages of quantifying and differentiating various soft tissues using virtual monochromatic images (VMI) derived from different dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) technologies. This study involved four DECT scanners with different technologies. CIRS phantom images were acquired in single-energy (SECT) and DECT modes with each scanner. The analysis focused on five equivalent soft-tissue inserts: adipose, breast, liver, muscle, and bone (200 mg). The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated for each equivalent soft-tissue insert. Finally, the cont

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Gallivanone, F., D. D’Ambrosio, I. Carne, et al. "Tissue-equivalent trimodal anthropomorphic phantom for radiomic studies." Physica Medica 92 (December 2021): S216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00464-1.

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Smith, K. R., and D. F. Jackson. "New tissue-equivalent phantom materials for negative pions." Physics in Medicine and Biology 32, no. 2 (1987): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/32/2/008.

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Argo, William P., Kathleen Hintenlang, and David E. Hintenlang. "A tissue-equivalent phantom series for mammography dosimetry." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics 5, no. 4 (2004): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.2022.25314.

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Argo, William P., Kathleen Hintenlang, and David E. Hintenlang. "A tissue-equivalent phantom series for mammography dosimetry." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics 5, no. 4 (2004): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v5i4.1956.

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Linford, J., S. Shalev, J. Bews, R. Brown, and H. Schipper. "Development of a tissue-equivalent phantom for diaphanography." Medical Physics 13, no. 6 (1986): 869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.595948.

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Monika, Ashrafun Nahar, Rajada Khatun, Shirin Akter, Md Abul Hasnat, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, and Mohammad Monjur Ahasan. "A Comparison Study of the Solid Phantom and Water Phantom Using 6 MV and 15 MV Photon Energies, Depending on the Depth." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 27, no. 1 (2024): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v27i1.71517.

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Water is such an environmental element that is considered the best human body tissue equivalent. In the field of dosimetry studies, water is frequently used. This comparison study is conducted by a solid phantom and a water phantom with 6 MV and 15 MV photon energies, respectively. A cylindrical-type ionization chamber is used to collect charge when beams are on. The distance between the ray source and the surface of the phantom was fixed at 100 cm i.e. to SSD (Source to Surface Distance) of during the experiment. Chamber travels 1 cm to 20 cm in both phantoms and an electrometer is attached i

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Siti, K. A. R., S. M. Iskandar, A. R. Azhar, M. R. Ramzun, and Mohamed Kamari Halimah. "Acoustic Evaluation of Hema Polymer Gel Dosimeter Phantoms." Advanced Materials Research 895 (February 2014): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.895.169.

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A new method for the evaluation of radiotherapy 3D polymer gel dosimeters has been developed using ultrasound to assess the significant structural changes that occur following irradiation of the dosimeters. Polymer gel dosimeters were being fabricated using a monomer named 2-Hydroxyl-Ethyl-Meta-Acrylate (HEMA) with the presence of gelatine as a gelling agent. The readymade gel which is the concentration for HEMA fixed at 2, 4 and 5% would then undergo an ultrasonic evaluation to test for the propagation of sound speed through it. In the observation of relationship between the ultrasound propag

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Vestin Fredriksson, Malin, Love Kull, Anton Rönnblom, Lennart Flygare, Diana Berggren, and Krister Tano. "Construction and Evaluation of a Modular Anthropomorphic Phantom of the Skull with an Exchangeable Specimen Jar to Optimize the Radiological Examination of Temporal Bone Pathology." Recent Progress in Materials 06, no. 03 (2024): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/rpm.2403018.

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To develop a modular anthropomorphic phantom to evaluate the performance of radiological techniques for detecting pathologies in the temporal bone region. A phantom was constructed using a human skull, temporal bone specimen, and 3D-printed contour of a human skull. The human skull was embedded in tissue-equivalent plastic, with a cavity to hold the plastic jars containing the exchangeable freshly frozen human temporal bones. Subsequently, stepwise introduction and examination of different clinicopathological scenarios were conducted. Radiological images were nearly identical to those acquired

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Monzari, Shaghayegh F., Ghazale Geraily, Tahereh Hadisi nia, Soraya Salmanian, Heydar Toolee, and Mostafa Farzin. "Fabrication of anthropomorphic phantoms for use in total body irradiations studies." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 19, no. 3 (2019): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396919000591.

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AbstractPurpose:The aim of this study was to produce a low-cost anatomical model of adult male including lower limbs to evaluate the three-dimensional dose distribution for dosimetry measurements, especially in total body irradiation (TBI) and total skin electron therapy (TSET).Materials and methods:Computed tomography (CT) scan images of the atomic energy organisation RANDO phantom and lower limb CT scan images of 20 healthy persons were averaged. Selections of different body tissues substitute materials and phantom validation were performed according to previous studies worked on constructio

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Fidelis, André, Dirceu Pereira, Luiz Da Rosa, and Simone Coutinho Cardoso. "A 3D Printing Based Anthropomorphic Eye Phantom Development." Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences 12, no. 4A (Suppl.) (2025): e2637. https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2637.

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This study aimed to construct a tissue-equivalent anthropomorphic phantom using 3D printing to enable dosimetry with radiochromic films of the optical apparatus in external beam radiotherapy. Slices were developed based on and intended to be used in conjunction with the reference phantom ATOM. 3D printing with polylactic acid (PLA) was utilized to represent soft tissues, while a mixture of gypsum, salt, and water was used as a skull bone simulator. The validation of the phantom was conducted through Hounsfield Units (HU) assessments to verify the homogeneity and compatibility with the ATOM pha

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Abdlaty, Ramy, and Shirley Deng. "Tissue-Equivalent Phantoms Recognition Employing Hyperspectral Imaging." International Conference on Electrical Engineering 11, no. 11 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iceeng.2018.30242.

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Ryan, Linda K., and F. Stuart Foster. "Tissue equivalent vessel phantoms for intravascular ultrasound." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 23, no. 2 (1997): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-5629(96)00206-2.

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Kim, Min-Joo, Seu-Ran Lee, Kyu-Ho Song, Hyeon-Man Baek, Bo-Young Choe, and Tae Suk Suh. "Development of a hybrid magnetic resonance/computed tomography-compatible phantom for magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy." Journal of Radiation Research 61, no. 2 (2020): 314–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrz094.

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ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to develop a hybrid magnetic resonance/computed tomography (MR/CT)-compatible phantom and tissue-equivalent materials for each MR and CT image. Therefore, the essential requirements necessary for the development of a hybrid MR/CT-compatible phantom were determined and the development process is described. A total of 12 different tissue-equivalent materials for each MR and CT image were developed from chemical components. The uniformity of each sample was calculated. The developed phantom was designed to use 14 plugs that contained various tissue-eq

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Yamamuro, Mika, Yoshiyuki Asai, Naomi Hashimoto, et al. "The effect of breast density on the missed lesion rate in screening digital mammography determined using an adjustable-density breast phantom tailored to Japanese women." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245060.

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Objective Despite the high risk of missing lesions in mammography, the missed lesion rate is yet to be clinically established. Further, no breast phantoms with adjustable breast density currently exist. We developed a novel, adjustable-density breast phantom with a composition identical to that of actual breasts, and determined the quantitative relationship between breast density and the missed lesion rate in mammography. Methods An original breast phantom consisting of adipose- and fibroglandular-equivalent materials was developed, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) study was perfo

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Yoon, K., C. Jeong, M. Park, et al. "P03.07.B DOSIMETRIC ACCURACY OF CYBERKNIFE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR BENIGN PERIOPTIC TUMOR." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_2 (2023): ii37—ii38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad137.118.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The Cyberknife (CK) SRS delivers a highly focused ablative radiation dose to tumors to effectively control tumors with minimized radiation toxicity to surrounding normal tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric accuracy of Cyberknife (CK) for benign perioptic tumor using patient specific head phantom. METHODS Patient specific head phantoms was fabricated using a 3D-printer to be dosimetrically equivalent to actual target regions of benign perioptic tumor case treated via Cyberknife radiosurgery. Head phantom QA plan was produced using the original CK contour set

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Park, Sooyeun, Pilsoo Lee, Wi-Ho Ha, et al. "Development of a minipig physical phantom from CT data." Journal of Radiation Research 58, no. 5 (2017): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrx036.

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ABSTRACT Quantification of pathological progression of radiation-induced injury is essential in development of treatment methods, and a proper animal model is necessary for relevant radiological and medical studies. A minipig is a current animal model selected because of its similarities to humans in anatomy and pathology. In the present study, a minipig physical phantom was developed using computed tomography (CT) data. For dosimetry purposes, the minipig physical phantom was constructed on a slice-by-slice basis, with an array of holes to accommodate dosimeters. The phantom is constituted of

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Sales, Hirys, Ester Andrade, and Bruno Mendes. "Reference Male Phantom for Internal Dosimetry-RMPID: Physical model in 3D-printing for whole-body counter calibration." Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences 13, no. 2A (Suppl.) (2025): e2843. https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2025.2843.

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In vivo internal dosimetry can use a whole-body counter (WBC) to estimate radionuclides' incorporated activity (Bq) in internally contaminated individuals. The WBC must be calibrated to convert the count rate from the detector into activity incorporated in the person. Active physical phantoms could be used for the calibration procedure. Additive manufacturing allows the physical reproduction of ICRP computational models with good geometric fidelity. This study aims to develop imaging manipulation techniques to generate stereolithography (STL) parts for the 3D printing a male physical phantom b

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Ting, Stephanie, Diana Attaia, K. Brandon Johnson, et al. "Can modifying shielding, field of view, and exposure settings make the effective dose of a cone-beam computed tomography comparable to traditional radiographs used for orthodontic diagnosis?" Angle Orthodontist 90, no. 5 (2020): 655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/072819-496.1.

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ABSTRACT Objectives To analyze the effect of changes in exposure settings, field of view (FOV), and shielding on radiation to an adult and child phantom from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging compared to panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. Materials and Methods The effective dose to an adult and child anthropomorphic phantom by the CS 9300 using various scan protocols was recorded. Absorbed radiation was measured with optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters and effective dose calculated using 2007 International Commission on Radiological Protection tissue weighting

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Samson, Damilola Oluwafemi, Ahmad Shukri, Nurul Ab Aziz Hashikin, et al. "Dosimetric Characterization of DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE/R. spp. Phantom Material for Radiation Therapy." Polymers 15, no. 1 (2023): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15010244.

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Background: Different compositions of DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE/R. spp. composite particleboard phantoms were constructed. Methods: Photon attenuation characteristics were ascertained using gamma rays from 137Cs and 60Co. Absorbed doses at the location of an ionization chamber and Gafchromic EBT3 radiochromic films were calculated for high-energy photons (6 and 10 MV) and electrons (6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV). Results: The calculated TPR20,10 values indicate that the percentage discrepancy for 6 and 10 MV was in the range of 0.29–0.72% and 0.26–0.65%. It was also found that the relative difference in the dma

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Kato, Hirokazu, Masahiro Kuroda, Koichi Yoshimura, et al. "Composition of MRI phantom equivalent to human tissues." Medical Physics 32, no. 10 (2005): 3199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2047807.

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JAGAJOTHI, G., and S. RAGHAVAN. "ESTIMATION OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUES USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATION." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 07, no. 04 (2007): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519407002376.

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In this paper, the optical properties of skin lesion are determined with the help of laser reflectometry. The result is compared with the phantom and simulation values to obtain an accurate result. Surface backscattering is determined by laser reflectometry. The tissue-equivalent phantom is prepared with the help of white paraffin wax mixed with various color pigments in multiple proportions. A familiar Monte Carlo simulation is used to analyze the optical properties of the tissue. The normalized backscattered intensity (NBI) signals from the tissue surface, measured by the output probes after

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