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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Tobacco”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Lauterbach, John H. "Waterpipe Tobaccos, Part I. Composition of Forty Brand-Styles of Contemporary Waterpipe Tobacco Available on the US Market in 2020–2022." Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research 33, no. 2 (2024): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2024-0004.

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Summary The compositions of waterpipe tobaccos available for retail sale on the US market are relatively unknown compared with more popular products such as cigarettes. Indeed, the phrase “waterpipe tobaccos” is used only in some governmental regulations and in journal articles dealing with regulatory aspects of those products. Commercially, the terms “shisha”, “hookah tobaccos”, and “flavored tobaccos” are used. In addition to the differences in commercial terminology, there is also confusion about the composition of such tobaccos, with the term “waterpipe tobacco” also being applied to produ

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2

ADELMAN, RAYMOND D. "Smokeless Tobacco and Hypertension in an Adolescent." Pediatrics 79, no. 5 (1987): 837–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.79.5.837b.

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To the Editor.— Concern has been expressed recently about the health hazards of the widespread use of smokeless tobacco by [See figure in the PDF file] children. Some surveys have reported regular use by as many as 12% to 33% of male high school students.1,2 Complications of smokeless tobacco include oral cancer, periodontal disease, and dependence. Hypertension may also occur due to the sodium and nicotine content of smokeless tobacco1 and glycyrrhizinic acid. This extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root, present in many chewing tobaccos and natural licorice, has potent mineralocorticoid activity

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Matyukhina, N. N. "Utilizing Doha tobacco for hookah blend production." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 3 (2018): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-283-287.

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Doha tobacco is becoming popular among tobacco consumers lately. Wide spread of “Turbo Doha” product can be explained by its rich natural taste, high strength and absence of synthetic additives. Smoking is carried by utilizing special pipe with little tobacco chamber. Besides this, Doha tobacco has become popular among hookah smokers. Doha tobacco for hookah blend production was the object of the research. Experimental samples of hookah blend were made of American Oriental and Doha types of tobacco in different proportions. Organoleptic evaluation of cured tobacco was carried by aroma, color a

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4

Klus, H., M. Kunze, S. Koenig, and E. Poeschl. "Smokeless Tobacco - An Overview." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 23, no. 5 (2009): 248–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0865.

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AbstractSmoking, especially cigarette smoking, is the most common form of tobacco consumption world-wide. It is generally accepted that smoking carries health risks for smokers. The combustion and pyrolysis products of tobacco generated during smoking are considered to be responsible for the harmful effects. Smokeless tobacco, another wide-spread form of tobacco use, is not subjected to burning and produces no combustion or pyrolysis products. Therefore, there is an increasingly intense debate about the potential role of smokeless tobacco in reducing the harm of tobacco use.An overview is pres

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5

Scheijen, MA, B. Brandt-de Boer, JJ Boon, W. Hass, and V. Heemann. "Evaluation of a Tobacco Fractionation Procedure Using Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry Combined with Multivariate Analysis." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 14, no. 5 (1989): 261–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0604.

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AbstractThis paper presents an evaluation of a fractionation procedure for use with tobacco. Correlation coefficients calculated from the weights of the polymer fractions obtained and data obtained with classical wet-chemical methods show that these parameters have a low resolving power, which precludes any detailed distinction between tobaccos and tobacco-derived fractions. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis is presented as a promising approach for investigating the variability in the chemical composition of tobacco. Multivariate analysis performed on the pyrolysi

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6

Bubnova, N. N., E. A. Bubnov, and S. V. Gvozdetskaya. "The effect of the fraction of used tobacco raw materials on the quality of shisha tobacco." New Technologies 17, no. 5 (2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2021-17-5-22-30.

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Due to the rapid growth in the production and consumption of shisha tobacco in the Russian Federation, it has become necessary to improve the technology using optimal ingredient composition in order to create a high-quality and safe tobacco product. The aim of the research is to improve the technology of manufacturing shisha tobacco based on the optimization of its ingredient composition; to study the influence of the fractional composition of raw tobacco on its quality indicators. Fractional composition of raw tobacco in the production of shisha tobacco, as well as for other tobacco products,

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7

Moldoveanu, Serban C., Marlene Adams, and Frank K. St.Charles. "Variations of TSNA Levels in Tobaccos Upon Heating at Moderate Temperatures." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 29, no. 2 (2020): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2020-0009.

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SummaryTobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) including nitrosoanabasine (NAB), nitrosoanatabine (NAT), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), and nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are naturally present at trace levels in tobacco. During tobacco processing, preparation of expanded tobacco, and when tobacco is used in heat-not-burn type cigarettes, the tobacco is exposed to different degrees of heat. Heating of tobacco has been reported in the literature to increase the level of TSNAs. Since the increase of TSNAs in heated tobacco is still not well understood, the present study evaluated T

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8

Gnuchikh, E. V., T. A. Don, and A. G. Mirgorodskaya. "Improvement of consumer characteristics and reduced toxicity of chewing tobacco when using of flavors." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 3 (2018): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-288-297.

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Smokeless tobacco products are declared by producers as alternative to smoking products. Smokeless tobacco products are consumed without combustion or pyrolysis process by sucking it in oral cavity (sucking tobacco), chewing (chewing tobacco) or inhaling (sniff tobacco). During oral consuming nicotine is absorbed by oral mucous, and during nasal consuming – by nasal mucous. Sales of chewing and sniff tobacco are allowed in Russia. Stable sales increasing of these smokeless tobaccos are observed in Russia during last years. Nicotine content decreasing can be achieved by different methods: physi

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9

Nikolova, Violeta, Nikolay Nikolov, Venelina Popova, Radka Bozhinova, and Yovko Dyulgerski. "Valuation of the Quality Level of Bulgarian Tobacco from the Market Sector of “Basmi” Variety Group." BIO Web of Conferences 102 (2024): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410201019.

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The aim of the current study was to assess the quality level of Oriental tobaccos from the market sector of the “Basmi” variety group from different production areas in Bulgaria. Tobaccos from Krumovgrad and Greek Basma ecotypes (varieties “Krumovgrad 90”, “Krumovgrad 58”, “Krumovgrad 78”, and “Basma”, respectively) were investigated, all farmer-produced (2019 crop year) in seven tobacco regions. The investigation followed a procedure validated for monitoring the quality of Bulgarian tobaccos, incorporating four evaluation steps – chemical indices of tobacco and tobacco smoke, expert and smoki

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10

Nikolova, Violeta, Nikolay Nikolov, and Venelina Popova. "Assessment of the Quality Profile of Oriental Tobacco from the Commodity Segment of Basma Variety Group (Ecotype Krumovgrad)." BIO Web of Conferences 122 (2024): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202412201012.

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The production of Oriental tobacco has a significant role for the social status of Bulgarian farmers and the economic priorities of the regions. The demand for tobaccos that are truly competitive on the international market has forced the dominant production of Krumovgrad ecotype varieties in the country. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the quality profile of Oriental tobacco of Krumovgrad ecotype (variety Krumovgrad 90), as a significant part of the commodity segment of the Basma variety group. The study was carried out with tobaccos, produced in 10 micro regions of the Nevrok

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11

Docheva, M., D. Kirkova, L. Stoyanova, et al. "Polyphenol content in tobacco (N. tabacum L.) and antioxidant activity." Bulgarian Chemical Communications 56, no. D1 (2024): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34049/bcc.56.d.s2p16.

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The aim of the present work is to determine the content of polyphenols in tobacco varieties and to investigate the antioxidant activity in tobacco extracts. Bulgarian tobacco varieties from the Basmi and Kabakulak variety groups produced conventionally and biologically, were used. Two types of extracts were investigated - crude extracts obtained by four solvents - 100% CH3OH, 60% CH3OH, H2O, and 96% C2H5OH, and purified extracts obtained by further purification of crude 60% methanolic extract using two techniques - solid phase extraction (SPE) and resin purification, Tobaccos from the variety

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12

Shao, Xiao Hou, Mao Mao Hou, Jing Nan Chen, You Bo Yuan, and Fu Zhang Ding. "Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on Dry Matter and Nutrient Accumulation of Flue-Cured Tobacco." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1620–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1620.

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In order to explore the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on dry matter and nutrient accumulation of flue-cured tobacco, 9 treatments with different lowest limits and nitrogen fertilizer amount were designed, and the distribution and accumulation of dry matter and nutrient (N, P and K) of flue-cured tobaccos under water-nitrogen coupling treatments were observed. Results showed that: (1) High irrigation amount could not certainly increase the dry matter accumulation of tobacco root, but which was beneficial to the dry matter accumulation of whole tobacco plant. (2) Dry weight proportion of fl

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13

Rodgman, A. "Studies of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: Identification, Tobacco Precursors, Control of Levels: A Review." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 19, no. 7 (2001): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0724.

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AbstractDuring the period of tobacco smoke research from the early 1950s to the mid-1960s it was repeatedly asserted that a) tobacco and many tobacco components were involved in the pyrogenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), several of which were reported to initiate tumors on the skin of laboratory animals and b) tobacco additives (flavorants, casing materials, humectants) were highly likely to be similarly involved in PAH pyrogenesis. Extensive knowledge on PAHs was deemed highly necessary because of their claimed importance in the smoking-health issue. The numerous assertions a

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14

Kanthang, Supha, and Kanokporn Sompornpailin. "Increasing Plant Flavonoid Biomaterials in Response to UV-A Light." Advanced Materials Research 802 (September 2013): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.802.74.

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Flavonoid biomaterials have a protecting function from various stresses. We examined the flavonoid biosynthesis in plant treated under visible light (VL) and additional UV-A light. The transgenic tobacco containing PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT 1 (PAP1) cDNA, involved in flavonoid biosynthesis from Arabidopsis thaliana, were used for studying the flavonoid biosynthesis under both light conditions comparing to non transgenic tobacco. The flavonoid biomaterials were extracted with acidic methanol and water solvent from treated plant leaves. The absorbance of each biomaterial in the extract w

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15

Moldoveanu, Serban C. "Analysis of α-Tocopherol in Tobacco and Cigarette Smoke". Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 29, № 2 (2020): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2020-0007.

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Summaryα-Tocopherol, a type of vitamin E, has been known to be present in tobacco for many years. The compound is an antioxidant protecting cell membranes from oxidants. α-Tocopherol is transferred from tobacco into cigarette smoke, where it is also present. Analysis of α-tocopherol has been reported in a number of studies and in various matrices including tobacco and tobacco smoke. However, no recent publication describes a method for quantitative analysis of tocopherol in tobacco and in cigarette smoke, and many methods reported from previous studies were not published and only presented at

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16

TRAN, THI THANH HAO, VAN CHIN* NGUYEN, BA MANH DINH, et al. "EVALUATION OF SOME TOBACCO GENETIC RESOURCES STORED IN VIETNAM." Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition) 42, no. 08 (2023): 118–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8296404.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> Evaluation of genetic resources plays an important role in crossbreeding and seed production. In 2023, the Vietnam Tobacco Institute tested 24 tobacco genetic resources belonging to Flue-cured, Burley, and Dark and Cigar tobacco groups. The objective was to evaluate some morphological characteristics of rejuvenated tobacco gene resources and determine the correlation between some morphological characteristics of flowers and seed yield. The experiment was setted according to the sequential method by variety. Experimental results showed that Dark and Cigar tobacco varie

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17

Moldoveanu, SC, CH Byrd, and AR Gerardi. "Analysis of Certain Nitrogenous Compounds in Tobacco. Part 1: Adenosine, 2,5- and 2,6-Deoxyfructosazines, Mannosamine and Glucosamine." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 24, no. 5 (2011): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0903.

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AbstractNitrogenous compounds such as amino acids and proteins are frequently analyzed in tobacco since they are considered precursors of toxicants in cigarette smoke. However, much less attention is given to other nitrogenous compounds such as amino sugars and deoxyfructosazines, although their concentration in tobacco can be equal to or even higher than that of most free amino acids. These nitrogenous compounds may contribute to the formation of toxicants in smoke, or may contribute to the sensory properties of cigarette smoke, reasons for which their analysis is important. This study descri

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18

Kant, Surya, Anjali Singh, Narsingh Verma, Ajay Kumar Verma, and Adarsh Tripathi. "NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MODALITIES FOR TOBACCO CESSATION: AN OVERVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 05 (2022): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14694.

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Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well-known, and there is strong evidence that its constituents are responsible for cancer, oral problems, other health hazards and even deaths. Also, tobacco users with COVID-19 have higher risk of severity. Therefore, Cessation is necessary to lower this risk from coronavirus, and other illnesses. Consumers are looking for alternative methods to quit tobacco use. Numerous pharmacologicaland non-pharmacological strategies havebeen tried for tobacco cessation.Although pharmacological approaches have bee

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19

Zheng, Yuanxian, Jiming Wang, Wenlong Zhao, et al. "Effect of Bacterial Wilt on Fungal Community Composition in Rhizosphere Soil of Tobaccos in Tropical Yunnan." Plant Pathology Journal 38, no. 3 (2022): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2022.0035.

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Bacterial wilt, which is a major soil-borne disease with widespread occurrence, poses a severe danger in the field of tobacco production. However, there is very limited knowledge on bacterial wilt-induced microecological changes in the tobacco root system and on the interaction between Ralstonia solanacearum and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil. Thus, in this study, changes in fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of tobaccos with bacterial wilt were studied by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The community composition of fungi in bacterial wilt-infected soil and healthy soil in two to

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Hernández, Fé Fernández. "Personal spend on cigarettes and tobaccos in Cuba from 2013 to 2016." Clinical Research and Clinical Trials 2, no. 2 (2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/011.

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Introduction: As risk factor smoking means a social opportunity cost because of the whole goods and services didn´t obtained to satisfice the tobacco and cigarettes demand. While the tobacco and cigarettes spend is increasing these opportunity cost will be increasing too. Objective: To describe the tobacco and cigarettes spends in Cuba since 2013 to 2016. Materials and methods: Was made a descriptive and longitudinal research about the tobacco and cigarettes spends in Cuba from 2013 to 2016. Were utilized two rates: monthly per capita sales on cigarettes and tobaccos measured in pesos and mont

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Hernández, Fé Fernández. "Personal spend on cigarettes and tobaccos in Cuba from 2013 to 2016." Clinical Research and Clinical Trials 2, no. 2 (2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/crct.2020/011.

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Introduction: As risk factor smoking means a social opportunity cost because of the whole goods and services didn´t obtained to satisfice the tobacco and cigarettes demand. While the tobacco and cigarettes spend is increasing these opportunity cost will be increasing too. Objective: To describe the tobacco and cigarettes spends in Cuba since 2013 to 2016. Materials and methods: Was made a descriptive and longitudinal research about the tobacco and cigarettes spends in Cuba from 2013 to 2016. Were utilized two rates: monthly per capita sales on cigarettes and tobaccos measured in pesos and mont

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Stoyanova, Liliya Stoyanova, and Maria Yordanova Angelova Romova. "Bioactive Compounds and Nutritive Composition of Waste Seeds from Nicotiana tobacum L. (Solanaceae)." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 12, no. 1 (2024): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.12.1.30.

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The investigation aims to elucidate the bioactive constituents present in waste seeds derived from Nicotiana tobacum L., there by contributing to a more holistic comprehension of the health-related implications associated with tobacco plants beyond conventional consumption concerns. Waste seeds from tobacco plants N. tobacum L. were grown during harvest 2021-2022 at the Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute (part of Bulgarian Agriculture Academy). Chemical analysis of tobacco waste seeds (TWS) encompassed the examination of primary metabolites including lipids (32.1±1.0%), proteins (29.4±1.4

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Nestor, TB, JS Gentry, MG Riddick, BT Conner, DM Peele, and ME Edwards. "Role of Oxides of Nitrogen in Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamine Formation in Flue-Cured Tobacco." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 20, no. 7 (2003): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0762.

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AbstractTobacco is known to contain a class of nitrosamines known as tobacco-specific nitrosamines or TSNA. Nitrosation of naturally occurring tobacco alkaloids is commonly accepted as the mechanism of TSNA formation in tobacco. Because green and freshly harvested tobaccos are virtually free of TSNA, formation and accumulation of TSNA are generally considered to occur during the curing process. Most recent hypotheses have focused on microbial reduction of nitrate to nitrite and other oxides of nitrogen (NOcompounds) that react with tobacco alkaloids to form TSNA during curing. This natural mic

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24

Nikolov, Nikolay, Violeta Nikolova, Venelina Popova, Yovko Dyulgerski, and Radka Bozhinova. "Investigation of the technological profile of illegally distributed tobacco derivatives and smoking products." BIO Web of Conferences 102 (2024): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410201018.

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The current investigation includes technological assessment and interpretation of the profile of tobaccos, tobacco derivatives and smoking products illegally distributed in Bulgaria, as officially provided for expertise in the Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute (TTPI) by external contractors (legitimate state structures) in 2021. The physical and chemical properties of the tobacco objects, depending on their nature, were determined according to standardized methods. The biggest share in the analyses (139 in total) took the determination of tobacco cut width (39%) and particle size fraction

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Peeva, Silvia, Violeta Nikolova, Nikolay Nikolov, and Venelina Popova. "Assessment of heavy metal levels in roll-your-own cigarette and water pipe tobacco blends." BIO Web of Conferences 58 (2023): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235801021.

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The increased consumption of roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes and water pipe (hookah), both globally and in Bulgaria, necessitated the current investigation aimed at the assessment of heavy metal levels in the tobacco blends used in those products. The concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Ni were determined by AAS in five brands of RYO tobacco (R1-R5) and seven brands of water pipe tobacco (W1- W7), all distributed on Bulgarian market. The average heavy metal contents (mg/kg) in the two types of tobacco blends, RYO and water pipe, respectively, were as follows: Mn - 214.20 and 37.89; Zn - 3

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Nikolova, Violeta, Nikolay Nikolov, Venelina Popova, Todorka Petrova, Yovko Dyulgerski, and Radka Bozhinova. "Technological profile and quality level of tobaccos from Basmi variety group dominating the Bulgarian market." BIO Web of Conferences 170 (2025): 01018. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202517001018.

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The dominance in the current Oriental tobacco market in Bulgaria is largely identified with the demand and supply of “Krumovgrad”, “Basma” (GR) and “Katerini” (GR) ecotypes. The aim of the study was to characterize the technological profile and quality level of those tobaccos in two production regions, based on the complex assessment of chemical, visual, smoking and other properties. A comparative analysis and ranking of the ecotypes within each of the regions was carried out. The chemical analysis showed higher nicotine content in the tobaccos of Greek origin - “Basma” (GR) in region Nevrokop

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Moldoveanu, SC, and MF Davis. "Analysis of Quinic Acid and of myo-Inositol in Tobacco." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 25, no. 4 (2012): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0925.

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AbstractQuinic acid [D(-)-quinic acid, (1S, 3R,4S,5R)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid], and inositol [myoinositol, (1R,2R,3S,4S,5R,6S-cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol or cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-cyclohexane-hexol] are oxygenated compounds well known as tobacco constituents. Although mentioned in the literature as constituents of tobacco leaf as early as 1930, very little information is offered regarding the quantitation of quinic acid and inositol, up to the present day. This study describes a simple procedure for the analysis of quinic acid and myo-inositol in tobacco and reports the

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Qin, Li-Jun, Dan Zhao, Yi Zhang, and De-Gang Zhao. "Selectable marker-free co-expression of Nicotiana rustica CN and Nicotiana tabacum HAK1 genes improves resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco." Functional Plant Biology 42, no. 8 (2015): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14356.

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The viral disease caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most prevalent viral disease in many tobacco production areas. A breeding strategy based on resistance genes is an effective method for improving TMV resistance in tobacco. Also, the physiological status of plants is also critical to disease resistance improvement. Potassium ion is one of the most abundant inorganic nutrients in plant cells, and mediates plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Improving K+ content in soil by fertilising can enhance diseases resistance of crops. However, the K+ absorption in plants depends mo

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Nikolov, Nikolay, Violeta Nikolova, and Venelina Popova. "Comparative Technological Assessment of the Quality Formation of Local and Introduced Varieties of Virginia Flue-cured and Burley Tobaccos." BIO Web of Conferences 122 (2024): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202412201013.

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The production of “marketable” tobacco is decisive in the pReferences of local farmers towards certain varieties of Virginia and Burley tobaccos. The aim of the study was to complete a comparative technological evaluation of the quality potential of introduced and local varieties of Virginia flue-cured and Burley air-cured tobaccos in Bulgaria. The investigation was conducted with tobaccos from 2018 crop year and included 4 varieties of Virginia flue-cured and 2 varieties of Burley tobacco (local and introduced), grown in different regions of Southern and Northern Bulgaria. The complex assessm

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Adetona, Anna M., Marielle C. Brinkman, Erich D. Strozier, et al. "Do They Differ? Flavored versus Unflavored Waterpipe Tobacco Flavor Ingredients." Tobacco Regulatory Science 6, no. 5 (2020): 336–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.6.5.4.

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Objectives: In this study, we characterized the sweet flavor ingredients in 2 internationally popular waterpipe tobaccos, flavored and unflavored. Methods: Tobacco extracts were quantified for humectants, sugars, menthol, nicotine, and sugar alcohols. Qualitative screening of flavor volatiles was performed, and 12 flavor volatiles were quantified. Results: Humectant content was 20 times greater in the flavored brand versus the unflavored, largely due to greater concentration of the glycerol. Sugar content was approximately 1.7 times higher in the flavored tobacco. Vanillin levels were > 200

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Zielke, D., and R. Liebe. "The Removal of Stems from Cut Tobacco." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 17, no. 2 (1997): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0655.

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Abstract The presence of stems in cut tobacco is detrimental to cigarette quality, resulting in problems during production particularly on today's high-speed makers. Incomplete threshing and the use of unthreshed semi-Oriental tobaccos can increase the stem content in the cut tobacco considerably. The percentage of stems present in cut tobacco was investigated by HauniMaschinenbau AG specifically for semi-Oriental tobacco. Their findings show that not all stems present in the strips or lamina after cutting are classified as “objectionable”. However, the percentage of objectionable stems in the

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Lencucha, Raphael, Jeffrey Drope, Peter Magati, and Gumilang Aryo Sahadewo. "Tobacco farming: overcoming an understated impediment to comprehensive tobacco control." Tobacco Control 31, no. 2 (2022): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056564.

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Tobacco farming has emerged as an important concern for tobacco control advocates. Tobacco-growing countries face unique and important challenges to comprehensive, intersectoral tobacco control. These challenges stem from narratives that position tobacco as an important driver of economic growth and development, perpetuated by tobacco interests with close ties to government decision-making. While the global tobacco control movement has enshrined a commitment to alternatives to tobacco growing, there remain numerous obstacles. Tobacco growing is often situated in contexts with limited markets f

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GÜNEŞ, Nihan, Süleyman G. TÜRKSEVEN, Pınar ÖZSARI, Mustafa GÜMÜŞ, and Damla BAYSAL SİVRİTEPE. "Incidence and possible sources of Tomato spotted wilt virus in tobacco grown in Denizli Province, Turkey." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no. 2 (2022): 12529. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50212529.

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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is economically prominent disease for its impact on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production worldwide. An increase of the incidence of symptoms typical of TSWV has been observed in tobacco production areas in Denizli province of Turkey where tobacco is significantly grown. Surveys were conducted to determine the prevalence status of TSWV in tobacco cultivars and its possible sources of infections in four tobacco growing districts of Denizli province. A total of 501 plant samples from field-grown tobaccos, weeds, potential intermediate hosts, seedlings and see

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S. KASTURI KRISHNA, S.V. KRISHNA REDDY, K. DEO SINGH, R. SUBBA RAO, P. HARISHU KUMAR, and V. KRISHNAMURTHY. "Yield, quality and economics of FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in relation to preceding crops and nitrogen fertilization in Vertisols." Indian Journal of Agronomy 52, no. 3 (2001): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v52i3.4926.

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A field experiment was conducted during 2001 -02 and 2002-03 at Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh with six treatments during rainy (kharif) season, viz. blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper], rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], maize (Zea mays L.), green-leaf manuring with pillipesara [Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.] and fallow; and three N levels of 30, 45 and 60 kg Nlha, applied to FCV tobacco in winter (rabi) season. Short-duration maize and rice could successfully be grown before rabi tobacco, taking advantage of south-west monsoon rains. Among the cropping systems, green-leaf

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Djulančić, Nermina, Vesna Radojičić, and Marija Srbinovska. "The Influence of Tobacco Blend Composition on Carbon Monoxide Formation in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 64, no. 1 (2013): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2250.

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The aim of this study was to examine the impact of three main tobacco types (flue-cured FC, air-cured AC and sun-cured SC) and two tobacco-based materials (reconstituted tobacco - recon RT and expanded stem) on the formation of carbon monoxide (CO) in the gas phase of mainstream cigarette smoke. The results showed that the type of tobacco examined had a significant impact on the amount of carbon monoxide production in the gas phase of cigarette smoke. AC and SC tobaccos had the most evident impact. The amount of tobacco in mixtures M1, M2 and M3 as well as the addition of expanded stems had an

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Ivanova, Tanya, and Mihaela Sirakova. "Physical and chemical characteristics of water pipe tobaccos." BIO Web of Conferences 170 (2025): 01016. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202517001016.

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The aim of the study is to determine the main physical and chemical characteristics of water pipe (hookah) tobacco mixtures sold on the Bulgarian market. The regarded type of tobacco product focuses researchers’ interest due to its specific composition, consumption qualities and increasing popularity, especially among younger people, but the available information on the composition and indicators of hookah tobaccos in Bulgaria is too limited. The content of tobacco shreds (from 31.11% to 77.41%) and moisture (30-40%) in the hookah mixtures were analyzed, as well as the main chemical indicators

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Soepriyanto, Gatot, and Paulina Santoso. "Impact of Smoking Ban Fatwa on Indonesian Tobacco’s Company." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 2, no. 2 (2013): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v2i2.147.

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The objective of this study is to assess the share price reactions to smoking ban fatwa on Indonesia tobacco’s company. We expect that the smoking ban fatwa in the world’s largest Muslim population will hit the tobaccos industry revenues, lower tobacco’s company profit and eventually affect the share price of those firms. We use event study methodology and standard market model to calculate abnormal returns of the tobacco’s firms related to the news of smoking ban fatwa. Our study failed to find a statistically significant effect of smoking ban fatwa on tobacco’s firm stock market return. It s

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Bandara, Shashika, Artwell Kadungure, Nhamo Nhamo, et al. "The political economy of tobacco of Zimbabwe: An analysis of stakeholder perspectives." PLOS Global Public Health 5, no. 6 (2025): e0004805. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004805.

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Tobacco continues to be viewed as a path to economic development by some governments, including Zimbabwe, despite widespread knowledge of tobacco’s negative consequences for users, farmers and the environment. Zimbabwe is one of the top five tobacco producers in the world and the largest tobacco producer in the African region. Zimbabwe’s focus on tobacco production creates difficulties for the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) which it signed in 2014. Our objective was to understand the political economy of tobacco in Zimbabwe, w

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Gulshan, Imroz, Kumar Singh Purnendu, and Nandan Mukesh. "A Study of Tobacco Consumption among Male in Urban Field Practice Area of Katihar Medical College, Katihar." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 4 (2023): 808–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12675166.

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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use is the major cause of morbidity and premature death, but it is preventable. In some parts of the society, it is socially accepted. To assess the prevalence of Tobacco consumption among male in urban field practice area of Katihar Medical College, Katihar. <strong>Methods: </strong>A Community based cross- sectional study was conducted between August 2021 to October 2021 among 384 male of age 15 and above years in urban field practice area of Katihar. A pre-tested and predesigned questionnaire taking after consent and was done by using M

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Wang, Anran, Bin Cai, Lili Fu, et al. "Analysis of Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Cigar Tobacco and Flue-Cured Tobacco by TG-FTIR." Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research 30, no. 1 (2021): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2021-0004.

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Summary Investigation of the detailed pyrolysis characteristics of tobacco raw materials is important for the understanding of product design and consumption. In this work, pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic models of cigar filler tobacco (CFT), cigar wrapper tobacco (CWT), and flue-cured tobacco (FCT) were investigated by using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The pyrolysis of different tobacco samples could be divided into four stages based on the derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG) curves. Flue-cured tobacco underwent a

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Hadaway, Patricia, Barry Beyerstein, and Meredith Kimball. "Addiction as an Adaptive Response: Is Smoking a Functional Behavior?" Journal of Drug Issues 16, no. 3 (1986): 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268601600304.

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Theories on tobacco addiction divide into two camps, the exposure orientation and the adaptive orientation. The exposure orientation suggests that the use of tobacco is addictive because of the reinforcement properties of tobacco or because of tobacco's biochemical-altering effects. The adaptive orientation views tobacco addiction as a functional response to distress and, therefore, a form of sub-optimal adaptive behavior. Though the two views are not mutually exclusive, the case is made that the primary cause of addiction is explained by the adaptive orientation, and not the exposure orientat

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Hou, Mao Mao, Xiao Hou Shao, Li Hua Chen, et al. "Study on Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Flue-Cured Tobacco with ¹⁵N Tracing Technique." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 520–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.520.

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Abstract. Raising nitrogen utilization efficiency could not only cut the fertilizer costs, but also reduce the N loss and residual, which benefits a lot to agricultural production and environmental protection. In this experiment, the 15N tracing technique was employed in order to clear the accumulation and whereabouts of fertilizer N in flue-cured tobacco plants, besides, the tobaccos were treated by six different water-nitrogen modes, for the sake of finding out the best design with the highest nitrogen utilization efficiency. The results showed that more N application contributed to more fer

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Stojanovic, Gordana, Radosav Palic, Biljana Arsic, Dragan Velickovic, and Sladjana Alagic. "A comparative analysis of the fatty acids of Yaka, Prilep and Otlja tobaccos." Facta universitatis - series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 5, no. 1 (2007): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fupct0701057s.

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Content and composition of total and free fatty acids of the air dried leaves of the Serbian selected tobaccos type Prilep, Yaka and Otlja were investigated by GC. In all three tobacco types palmitic acid was the major component: 47.1% of the total acids and 17.0% of the free acids for Prilep, 43.9% of the total acids and 16.0% of the free acids for Yaka and 34.2% of the total acids and 5.0% of the free acids for Otlja tobacco. The U/S values for free and total fatty acids, as well as the content of free fatty acids for the semioriental tobacco Otlja, were almost twice higher than in oriental

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Suprihanti, Antik, Harianto Harianto, Bonar M. Sinaga, and Reni Kustiari. "Dinamika Konsumsi Rokok Dan Impor Tembakau Indonesia." SEPA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 14, no. 2 (2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sepa.v14i2.25016.

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<em>The tobacco control and the danger of smoking campaigns have given quite much impact into the lower nicotine and tar cigarettes consumption pattern. This fact affects the higher demand of imported tobacco in which are believed to be better than locals. Object of this research are to analyze trend of Indonesian tobacco import in the next 3 years and analyze factors that influence Indonesian tobacco import. Method of the research used descriptive method which using time series secondary data for 27 years from 1990 to 2016. Data is taken from few institusions and literatures. Analysis m

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Khotimah, Husnul. "PKM Pemanfaatan Batang Tembakau (Nicotiana Tabacum) sebagai Biopestisida di Bucor Wetan Pakuniran Probolinggo." GUYUB: Journal of Community Engagement 1, no. 2 (2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/guyub.v1i2.1503.

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Tobacco is one of the important agricultural commodities in Bucor Wetan Village, Pakuniran District, Probolinggo Regency. However, tobacco stems (nicotiana tobacum) are often considered as agricultural waste, since a lack of effective treatment is given to them. This community service activity is to utilize tobacco stem waste to be useful by making it a biopesticide to treat pests and diseases in plants. To achieve these goals, this program is by counseling and training to farmer groups on how to make biopesticides from tobacco stems. The results of this activity were: a) the participants’ ent

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Alp, Aydın, Özlem Toncer, and Sadettin Çelik. "A Research on Herbal and Quality Properties of Lice Local Tobacco as Genetic Source." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, sp1 (2020): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8isp1.62-66.3969.

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Tobaccos produced in Turkey are grouped under different names according to the different environmental properties and various characteristics of the regions where they were grown. Lice tobacco is an important local tobacco variety cultivated under Lice-Hazro and Kulp districts conditions. In recent years, a large number of tobacco origin and village populations disappeared from production and faced the danger of extinction. Especially the Lice local tobacco variety has gained a very good adaptation ability against the stress factors of the region. Different environmental factors such as high a

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Perfetti, TA, and WM Coleman. "Chiral-Gas Chromatography-Selected Ion Monitoring-Mass Selective Detection Analysis of Tobacco Materials and Tobacco Smoke." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 18, no. 1 (1998): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0664.

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AbstractA novel method for the detection, separation, and quantification of the optical isomers of nicotine has been developed. The method has been applied to analyse extracts of tobacco seeds, processed tobacco suspensions, reconstituted tobacco sheet materials, individual tobacco varieties, blends of tobaccos, and cigarette smoke condensate. The methodology does not involve any further sample preparation other than that which is normally used to analyse tobacco alkaloids by the modified method of Gordon et al. (73), or the standard FTC smoke analysis routinely performed by most tobacco and s

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Mokhtar, Khairil Azmin. "THE DEATH KNELL OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE AT PUBLIC SPACES: CONSTITUTIONALITY OF SMOKING RESTRICTIONS AND SMOKE-FREE ZONE LAWS IN MALAYSIA." UUM Journal of Legal Studies 12, Number 2 (2021): 89–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2021.12.2.5.

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Control of tobacco faces a huge obstacle because it is where important health issue has to face the powerful opposition from the wealth influence of tobacco industries (TI). Death and disease caused by tobacco use now constitute a pandemic. Unfortunately, the power and impact of tobacco’s nature and commerce of its addiction make tobacco control a contentious issue of public health. The task of curbing the tobacco pandemic becomes more challenging with the use of human rights arguments and constitutional issues by smokers and the TI. This is a qualitative research on medical and legal aspects

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Camp, Catherine. "Gun Regulation Exceptionalism and Adolescent Violence: A Comparison to Tobacco." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, S4 (2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110520979398.

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This article compares the landscape of tobacco regulations to the landscape of gun regulations, with a focus on regulations that target youth. This article argues that guns are significantly less regulated compared to tobacco, despite the frequency with which each product causes significant harm to both self and other. Many of the specific ways tobacco is regulated can be applied analogously to firearms while plausibly surviving potential Second Amendment challenges. This article compares the regulatory landscape of tobacco and firearms across six categories: (a) minimum age for purchase, (b)

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Naby, Beby Alfin, and Hikmatul Lutfiah. "Analisis SCP (Structure, Conduct, Performance) Tembakau Voor-Oogst Kasturi di Kabupaten Jember." Kubis 3, no. 1 (2023): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56013/kub.v3i01.2281.

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In Jember Regency, Kalisat District produces the most Voor-Oogst Kasturi tobacco. As a result, the purpose of this study is to understand the structure, conduct and performance of the Voor-Oogst Kasturi Tobacco Market in the Jember Regency. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to collect samples. Structure, Conduct, and Performance (SCP) analysis was the technique employed. The findings indicated that an oligopsony type of market structure existed between farmer marketing agencies, small netherlands, and wholesalers in the kasturi tobacco market. In addition, market activity affects price

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