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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „True omnivore”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 2 lutego 2022

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1

López-Rodríguez, Anahí, Ivana Silva, Sunshine de Ávila-Simas, Samanta Stebniki, Rodrigo Bastian, Marthoni Vinicius Massaro, Joaquin Pais, et al. "Diets and Trophic Structure of Fish Assemblages in a Large and Unexplored Subtropical River: The Uruguay River." Water 11, no. 7 (July 4, 2019): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071374.

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The Neotropics represent a hotspot for freshwater biodiversity with vast number of fish species of scarce ecological knowledge. This hold true for the Uruguay River, where fish assemblages and their diets remain unexplored. Fish assemblages were surveyed in 14 sites along its main course, from headwaters to mouth (approximately 1800 km), with the aim to identify the trophic roles of fish and to describe trophic structure of these assemblages. Following standardized samplings, diet was determined to perform a trophic classification of species. One hundred species (2309 gut contents) were analys

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Beavan, Nancy Ragano, and Rodger J. Sparks. "Factors Influencing 14C Ages of the Pacific Rat Rattus Exulans." Radiocarbon 40, no. 2 (1997): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018531.

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An isotopic database for the Pacific/Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans) and foods that it scavenges is used to examine diet-induced 14C age variation in omnivores. We discuss a suite of 26 δ14C determinations and 13C and 15N analysis for modern Pacific/Polynesian rat bone gelatin and available food items from Kapiti Island, New Zealand (40°51'S, 174°75'E). These analyses provide the first isotopic data for modern specimens of the species, collected as part of a larger project to determine potential sources of bias in unexpectedly old 14C age measurements on subfossil specimens of R. exulans from

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Zhi, Junrui, David C. Margolies, James R. Nechols, and John E. Boyer. "Host-plant-mediated interaction between populations of a true omnivore and its herbivorous prey." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 121, no. 1 (October 2006): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-8703.2006.00456.x.

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Roitberg, Bernard D., David R. Gillespie, Donald M. J. Quiring, Colleen R. Alma, Wade H. Jenner, Jennifer Perry, Jason H. Peterson, Maxence Salomon, and Sherah VanLaerhoven. "The cost of being an omnivore: mandible wear from plant feeding in a true bug." Naturwissenschaften 92, no. 9 (August 6, 2005): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-005-0013-x.

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Jonsson, M., S. D. Wratten, K. A. Robinson, and S. A. Sam. "The impact of floral resources and omnivory on a four trophic level food web." Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, no. 3 (December 9, 2008): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485308006275.

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AbstractOmnivory is common among arthropods, but little is known about how availability of plant resources and prey affects interactions between species operating at the third and fourth trophic level. We used laboratory and field cage experiments to investigate how the provision of flowers affects an omnivorous lacewing, Micromus tasmaniae (Hemerobiidae) and its parasitoid Anacharis zealandica (Figitidae). The adult lacewing is a true omnivore that feeds on both floral resources and aphids, whereas the parasitoid is a life-history omnivore, feeding on lacewing larvae in the larval stage and f

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Ciuris, Corinne, Heidi M. Lynch, Christopher Wharton, and Carol S. Johnston. "A Comparison of Dietary Protein Digestibility, Based on DIAAS Scoring, in Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Athletes." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (December 10, 2019): 3016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11123016.

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Vegetarian diets provide an abundance of nutrients when carefully planned. However, vegetarian diets may have lower protein quality compared to omnivorous diets, a reflection of less favorable amino acid profiles and bioavailability. Hence, the current recommended dietary allowance for protein may not be adequate for some vegetarian populations. The purpose of this study was to determine dietary protein quality using the DIAAS (Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score) method in vegetarian and omnivore endurance athletes. DIAAS scores reflect the true ileal digestibility of the indispensable

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Fernandez, Francisco J., Manuel Gamez, Jozsef Garay, and Tomas Cabello. "Do Development and Diet Determine the Degree of Cannibalism in Insects? To Eat or Not to Eat Conspecifics." Insects 11, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11040242.

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Cannibalism in insects plays an important role in ecological relationships. Nonetheless, it has not been studied as extensively as in other arthropods groups (e.g., Arachnida). From a theoretical point of view, cannibalism has an impact on the development of more realistic stage-structure mathematical models. Additionally, it has a practical application for biological pest control, both in mass-rearing and out in the field through inoculative releases. In this paper, the cannibalistic behavior of two species of predatory bugs was studied under laboratory conditions—one of them a generalist pre

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Godfree, Robert C., Nunzio Knerr, Denise Godfree, John Busby, Bruce Robertson, and Francisco Encinas-Viso. "Historical reconstruction unveils the risk of mass mortality and ecosystem collapse during pancontinental megadrought." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 31 (July 15, 2019): 15580–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902046116.

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An important new hypothesis in landscape ecology is that extreme, decade-scale megadroughts can be potent drivers of rapid, macroscale ecosystem degradation and collapse. If true, an increase in such events under climate change could have devastating consequences for global biodiversity. However, because few megadroughts have occurred in the modern ecological era, the taxonomic breadth, trophic depth, and geographic pattern of these impacts remain unknown. Here we use ecohistorical techniques to quantify the impact of a record, pancontinental megadrought period (1891 to 1903 CE) on the Austral

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Gunnell, Gregg F., Philip D. Gingerich, Michele E. Morgan, and Mary Maas. "Comparative paleoecology of Paleogene and Neogene mammalian faunas: guild structure and diversity." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006754.

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We examined guild structure and diversity in the mammalian biota of the Paleogene of Wyoming and Montana and the Neogene of Pakistan. Trophic structure was measured as frequency of generic diversity in each of the following trophic categories: insectivore, omnivore, frugivore, herbivore, and carnivore. Trophic categories were inferred from dental morphology.Results are summarized below (see graphs). In Wyoming/Montana, the Paleocene is dominated by herbivores (from the orders Condylarthra, Multituberculata, and Pantodonta) and insectivores (“Proteutheria” and Proprimates). In the early Eocene,

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Watson*, Wesley T., David N. Appel, Michael A. Arnold, Charles M. Kenerley, and James L. Starr. "Seasonal Influence on Infection Rates of Malus sylvestris var. domestica Roots by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 747A—747. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.747a.

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Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert (syn. Phymatotrichum omnivorum Duggar) is a recalcitrant soilborne pathogen that causes serious root rot problems on numerous plant species in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Apple trees [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. (syn. M. domestica Borkh. non Poir.)] are highly susceptible to P. omnivora with most tree death occurring in the summer months. Studies were conducted from 1996 to 1999 to examine when and at what rate infection and colonization of roots of apple trees by P. omnivora actually occurs. I

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Gillespie, David R., Sherah L. VanLaerhoven, Robert R. McGregor, Shannon Chan, and Bernard D. Roitberg. "Plant Feeding in an Omnivorous Mirid,Dicyphus hesperus: Why Plant Context Matters." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/495805.

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True omnivores that feed on both plant and animal tissues are not additive combinations of herbivore and predator (carnivore). Because true omnivores must distribute adaptive feeding decisions among two disparate tissue types, understanding the context that plants provide for foraging is important to understand their role in food webs. We varied prey and plant resources to investigate the plant context in an omnivorous true bug,Dicyphus hesperus. The contribution of plant species to fitness was unimportant in water acquisition decisions, but affected numbers of prey consumed over longer period

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STAAB, MICHAEL, ANDREAS SCHULDT, THORSTEN ASSMANN, and ALEXANDRA-MARIA KLEIN. "Tree diversity promotes predator but not omnivore ants in a subtropical Chinese forest." Ecological Entomology 39, no. 5 (July 30, 2014): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12143.

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Yin, Haifeng, Yu Su, Xianwei Li, Chuan Fan, Gang Chen, Maosong Feng, Size Liu, et al. "Crop tree release increased the density of soil nematodes and improved the food web structure." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 51, no. 1 (January 2021): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0236.

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As a special thinning method, crop tree release (CTR) has a beneficial effect on forest environments and structures by changing forest light, heat, and water. However, the impact of CTR on underground biodiversity remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the composition, diversity, and metabolic footprints of soil nematode communities under three CTR (100, 150, and 200 trees·ha–1) treatments, as well as a no CTR treatment, in Pinus massoniana Lamb. plantations. The results showed that CTR increased the density of soil nematodes (P < 0.05), the number of omnivore–predator nematodes (P < 0.

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Hockey, Renae, Lachlan Wilmott, Lachlan Hall, and George Madani. "Novel field observations of eucalypt sap feeding behaviour in the Eastern Pygmy-possum Cercartetus nanus." Australian Zoologist 40, no. 2 (December 2019): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2018.039.

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The Eastern Pygmy-possum Cercartetus nanu s is a small arboreal marsupial in the family Burramyidae that is threatened in parts of its range. Considered a generalist omnivore, its diet is known to include invertebrates, seeds, nectar and pollen. Tree sap has never before been recorded as a part of the diet of C. nanus . Here, we report on two observations of C. nanus feeding on eucalypt sap in south-eastern New South Wales.

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Stevens, Cameron E., Trevor Council, and Michael G. Sullivan. "Influences of Human Stressors on Fish-Based Metrics for Assessing River Condition in Central Alberta." Water Quality Research Journal 45, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2010.005.

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Abstract Economic developments in Alberta have resulted in widespread changes in land use that may deteriorate river conditions for fish. Fish assemblages were characterized with index of biological integrity metrics for the heavily-developed watershed of the Battle River, Alberta. Metric relationships with human stressors were quantified using regression and information theory methods. Although the fauna comprised 14 native species, 50% of the catch was white sucker (Catostomus commersoni Lacepede, 1803). Five statistically unrelated metrics were identified as being responsive to stressors: t

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Abreu-Júnior, Edson Fiedler de, Jacob Daniel Charters, and Alexandre Reis Percequillo. "The Giant Tree Rat, Toromys grandis (Wagner, 1845): new record with range extension and comments on its morphology, biology and conservation." Mammalia 82, no. 4 (July 26, 2018): 400–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2017-0042.

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Abstract We present data on a new record of Toromys grandis, a species not sampled for almost 60 years. The species is known from the newly-collected specimen and 206 specimens housed in museums worldwide. The gut morphology, consisting of very long intestines and well-developed caecum, suggest that T. grandis is a potential herbivore also adapted to omnivory. Our record at the Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) Piagaçu-Purus extends the range of T. grandis approximately 150 km southwestward and represents the second record of the species within a protected area.

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Janda, Milan, and Martina Konečná. "Canopy assemblages of ants in a New Guinea rain forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 27, no. 1 (December 17, 2010): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467410000623.

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Abstract:The ant assemblages in two common tree species in primary lowland forest of New Guinea were explored using direct canopy access and tuna bait traps. The 19 trees investigated were occupied by 21 ant species of which 18 were canopy inhabitants. On average only 3.6 ant species per tree and 3 species per bait were found. Height of bait position was positively related to ant species richness, with the upper parts of the canopy being occupied by the highest number of species. On the other hand, tree species and study site did not have any effect on ant species richness nor on structure of

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Keiper, P., and C. N. Johnson. "Diet and habitat preference of the Cape York short-nosed bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus peninsulae) in north-east Queensland." Wildlife Research 31, no. 3 (2004): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02030.

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Diet and habitat preferences of the Cape York bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus peninsulae) were studied along a rainfall gradient from dry open woodland to wet Allocasuarina–Eucalyptus forest in the Lamb Range, Queensland. I. o. peninsulae was an omnivore-insectivore with invertebrates contributing 35–56% of faecal contents. Roots represented the most important plant food. Grass, forbs, fruits and hypogeous fungi were also eaten but in small quantities. The species was most abundant at the drier end of the rainfall gradient. Preferred habitats in open woodland were characterised by a high grass tre

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Renčo, Marek, Nicola Sasanelli, Trifone D'Addabbo, and Ingrid Papajová. "Soil nematode community changes associated with compost amendments." Nematology 12, no. 5 (2010): 681–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855409x12584413195491.

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Abstract Five composts (C1: fresh olive pomace, straw, chicken manure, urea; C2: fresh olive pomace, lettuce residues, cow manure, straw, sawdust; C3: sewage sludge, municipal green residues; C4: grass, leaves, tree branches, soil; C5: by-product from penicillin production (mycelium), straw and sawdust) were tested in a pot experiment to investigate their short-term effect on the nematode community of a grassland soil. Composts were mixed with soil at the rates of 10, 25, 50 and 100 g (kg soil)–1 and barley was sown in each potting mixture after a 2-month decomposition period. Nematodes were e

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Yanes, Yurena, Nasser M. Al-Qattan, Jason A. Rech, Jeffrey S. Pigati, Justin P. Dodd, and Jeffrey C. Nekola. "Overview of the oxygen isotope systematics of land snails from North America." Quaternary Research 91, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.79.

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AbstractContinental paleoclimate proxies with near-global coverage are rare. Land snail δ18O is one of the few proxies abundant in Quaternary sediments ranging from the tropics to the high Arctic tundra. However, its application in paleoclimatology remains difficult, attributable in part to limitations in published calibration studies. Here we present shell δ18O of modern small (<10 mm) snails across North America, from Florida (30°N) to Manitoba (58°N), to examine the main climatic controls on shell δ18O at a coarse scale. This transect is augmented by published δ18O values, which expand o

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McKay, Rana R., Wanling Xie, Bradley Alexander McGregor, David A. Braun, Xiao X. Wei, Christos Kyriakopoulos, Yousef Zakharia, et al. "Optimized management of nivolumab (Nivo) and ipilimumab (Ipi) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): A response-based phase II study (OMNIVORE)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 5005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.5005.

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5005 Background: Nivo + Ipi is an established first-line treatment (tx) for advanced RCC. We hypothesized that the addition of CTLA-4 blockade may not be required for all patients (pts). Furthermore, the optimal duration of Nivo maintenance in responding pts is unknown. In this phase II response-adaptive trial, we investigate the sequential addition of 2 doses of Ipi to induce response in Nivo non-responders (NR) and duration of Nivo in responding pts (NCT03203473). Methods: We enrolled pts with advanced RCC with no prior checkpoint inhibitor exposure. All pts received Nivo alone with subseque

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Bosch, Guido, Esther A. Hagen-Plantinga, and Wouter H. Hendriks. "Dietary nutrient profiles of wild wolves: insights for optimal dog nutrition?" British Journal of Nutrition 113, S1 (November 21, 2014): S40—S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514002311.

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Domestic dogs diverged from grey wolves between 13 000 and 17 000 years ago when food waste from human settlements provided a new niche. Compared to the carnivorous cat, modern-day dogs differ in several digestive and metabolic traits that appear to be more associated with omnivorous such as man, pigs and rats. This has led to the classification of dogs as omnivores, but the origin of these ‘omnivorous’ traits has, hitherto, been left unexplained. We discuss the foraging ecology of wild wolves and calculate the nutrient profiles of fifty diets reported in the literature. Data on the feeding ec

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Falk-Petersen, Stig, Wilhelm Hagen, Gerhard Kattner, Andrew Clarke, and John Sargent. "Lipids, trophic relationships, and biodiversity in Arctic and Antarctic krill." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, S3 (December 1, 2000): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-194.

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Environmental seasonality is a critical factor in structuring polar marine ecosystems. The extensive data now available on the lipids of Arctic and Antarctic euphausiids show that all species are characterised by a seasonally high lipid content, and neutral lipids, whether wax esters or triacylglycerols, are primarily accumulated for reproduction. The Arctic Thysanoessa inermis and the Antarctic Euphausia crystallorophias contain high levels of wax esters and higher concentrations of 18:4(n-3) and 20:5(n-3) and a lower ratio of 18:1(n-9)/(n-7) fatty acids in their neutral lipids than the Arcti

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Borges, MR, and C. Melo. "Frugivory and seed dispersal of Miconia theaezans (Bonpl.) Cogniaux (Melastomataceae) by birds in a transition palm swamp: gallery forest in Central Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 72, no. 1 (February 2012): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842012000100003.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate potential avian dispersers of Miconia theaezans by dietary habits in the Cerrado of Central Brazil. Forty-two hours and 40 minutes of focal tree observation were conducted between 7:00 AM and 5:00 PM. For each bird species that consumed the fruit, we registered: the time they remained on the plant, the total amount of fruit they consumed, foraging tactics and strategies to consume the fruit. Five-hundred and fifty-nine units of fruit were consumed in 47 visits by seven bird species. Thraupidae was the most frequent and representative family and Tanga

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Vialatte, A., R. I. Bailey, C. Vasseur, A. Matocq, M. M. Gossner, D. Everhart, X. Vitrac, A. Belhadj, A. Ernoult, and A. Prinzing. "Phylogenetic isolation of host trees affects assembly of local Heteroptera communities." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1691 (March 24, 2010): 2227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0365.

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A host may be physically isolated in space and then may correspond to a geographical island, but it may also be separated from its local neighbours by hundreds of millions of years of evolutionary history, and may form in this case an evolutionarily distinct island. We test how this affects the assembly processes of the host's colonizers, this question being until now only invoked at the scale of physically distinct islands or patches. We studied the assembly of true bugs in crowns of oaks surrounded by phylogenetically more or less closely related trees. Despite the short distances (less than

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Blake, John G., and William G. Hoppes. "Influence of Resource Abundance on Use of Tree-Fall Gaps by Birds in an Isolated Woodlot." Auk 103, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/103.2.328.

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Abstract The occurrence of birds in forest understory and tree-fall gaps during spring and fall migration periods was determined in an isolated woodlot. We used mist-net captures to test the hypothesis that birds are attracted to gaps because of higher resource levels. We captured 1,010 birds (74 species) in spring and 458 (44 species) in fall. Total captures and captures per net were higher (P < 0.001) in gaps during spring and fall. Mean number of species per net was higher in gaps (P < 0.001) during both seasons, but total species in gaps (69 spring, 43 fall) was not significantly hig

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Saimova, R. U. "TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION OF GROUND BEETLES (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) IN AGRICULTURA LANDSCAPES OF SOUTH-EAST KAZAKHSTAN." REPORTS 6, no. 334 (December 15, 2020): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1483.137.

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Ground beetles (Carabidae) are one of the largest families of coleopteran insects; most of their larvae inhabit the soil or soil surface; some of them live in moist forests, under tree bark, and on dry trees. Based on the need for moisture, beetles are divided into two groups: hygrophiles and mesophiles. Hygrophiles are found in water reservoirs, on river banks, or in very wet soils (Nebria, Elaphrini, Dyschirius, Bembidion, Chlaenius, some Pterostichus). Mesophiles live in mountainous areas (oftenly Carabus, Amara, Harpalus, Pterostichus, etc.). Most beetles are polytrophic predators. A large

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Gove, Aaron D., Kristoffer Hylander, Sileshi Nemomissa, Anteneh Shimelis, and Woldeyohannes Enkossa. "Structurally complex farms support high avian functional diversity in tropical montane Ethiopia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 2 (February 11, 2013): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000023.

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Abstract:Of all feeding guilds, understorey insectivores are thought to be most sensitive to disturbance and forest conversion. We compared the composition of bird feeding guilds in tropical forest fragments with adjacent agro-ecosystems in a montane region of south-west Ethiopia. We used a series of point counts to survey birds in 19 agriculture and 19 forest sites and recorded tree species within each farm across an area of 40 × 35 km. Insectivores (~17 spp. per plot), frugivores (~3 spp. per plot) and omnivores (~5 spp. per plot) maintained species density across habitats, while granivores

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Chakraborty, Anupam, Sayan Das, Anirban Ash, Goutam K. Saha, and Gautam Aditya. "Bird species assemblages in railway stations: variations along an urban-rural gradient." Ornis Hungarica 28, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/orhu-2020-0019.

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AbstractThe transportation infrastructures like railway tracks and roads bear negative impacts on natural environment. However, the opposite effects are also true in some instances where the man-made constructions have positive effect on faunal assemblages. This proposition was justified through the assessment of bird species using railway stations as model man-made structures in an urban-rural gradient, in the suburbs of Kolkata, India. During the entire study period along nine different railway stations, a total of 43 bird species belonging to 12 orders and 26 families were observed. Among t

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Ponomarenko, O. L. "The birds communities functional structure dynamics in the ash individual consortia under the influence of the climatic factors annual dynamics." Ecology and Noospherology 29, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031804.

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The studying of the connections between the birds and consortia is impossible without their dynamics research. The amount of organisms that are part of the consortium is large enough and their significant part is active only for some year part, the full extent of the links detection is impossible without the seasonal dynamics analyses. The article is devoted to the bird communities in individual consortia of such edificator of the linden-ash-tree oak groves, as the ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). This work material was collected in different seasons of 2004–2010 years in a linden-ash oak grove on

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Penev, Lyubomir, Stela Lazarova, and Vlada Peneva. "Nematode assemblages from the moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. growing on different substrates in a balkanic durmast oak forest (Quercus dalechampii Ten.) on Mount Vitosha, Bulgaria." Nematology 2, no. 3 (2000): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509132.

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AbstractSpecies and generic composition, trophic structure and some ecological parameters of nematode assemblages from the moss, Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., in a durmast oak (Quercus dalechampii Ten.) forest were studied on three substrates (soil, stone and tree trunks). Nematode abundance was very variable between samples and substrates. Nematode assemblages varied in species composition but were similar in generic composition, diversity and trophic group structure. Bacterial feeders were the most abundant, frequent and diverse trophic group, while the proportion of omnivorous and predatory n

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Huo, Na, Shiwei Zhao, Jinghua Huang, Dezhou Geng, Nan Wang, and Panpan Yang. "Seasonal Stabilities of Soil Nematode Communities and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors in Different Temperate Forest Types on the Chinese Loess Plateau." Forests 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020246.

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The bottom-up effects of vegetation have been documented to be strong drivers of the soil food web structure and functioning in temperate forests. However, how the forest type affects the stability of the soil food web is not well known. In the Ziwuling forest region of the Loess Plateau, we selected three typical forests, Pinus tabuliformis Carrière (PT), Betula platyphylla Sukaczev (BP), and Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. (QL), to investigate the soil nematode community characteristics in the dry (April) and rainy (August) season, and analyzed their relationships with the soil properties. The

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Upa, Fernandez T., Saroyo Saroyo, and Deidy Y. Katili. "KOMPOSISI PAKAN TIKUS EKOR PUTIH (Maxomys hellwandii) DI KANDANG." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 17, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.17.1.2017.14900.

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ABSTRAK Tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwandii) adalah hewan endemik Sulawesi dengan status konsevasinya yaitu least concern yang keberadaannya masih kurang diperhatikan. Ancaman utama tikus ekor putih adalah perburuan untuk dijual penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis-jenis pakan tikus ekor putih dan porsinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan informasi tentang komposisi pakan tikus ekor putih sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam upaya konservasi terutama dalam kegiatan penangkaran dengan upaya domestikasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah ad libitum sampli

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McCormick, Mark I., Eric P. Fakan, and Maria M. Palacios. "Habitat degradation and predators have independent trait-mediated effects on prey." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (October 31, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51798-2.

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Abstract Coral reefs are degrading globally leading to a catastrophic loss of biodiversity. While shifts in the species composition of communities have been well documented associated with habitat change, the mechanisms that underlie change are often poorly understood. Our study experimentally examines the effects of coral degradation on the trait-mediated effects of predators on the morphology, behaviour and performance of a juvenile coral reef fish. Juvenile damselfish were exposed to predators or controls (omnivore or nothing) in seawater that had flowed over either live or dead-degraded co

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Walden, Susanne, Robin-Tobias Jauss, Kai Feng, Anna Maria Fiore-Donno, Kenneth Dumack, Stefan Schaffer, Ronny Wolf, Martin Schlegel, and Michael Bonkowski. "On the phenology of protists: recurrent patterns reveal seasonal variation of protistan (Rhizaria: Cercozoa and Endomyxa) communities in tree canopies." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 97, no. 7 (June 12, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiab081.

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ABSTRACT Tree canopies are colonized by billions of highly specialized microorganisms that are well adapted to the highly variable microclimatic conditions, caused by diurnal fluctuations and seasonal changes. In this study, we investigated seasonality patterns of protists in the tree canopies of a temperate floodplain forest via high-throughput sequencing with group-specific primers for the phyla Cercozoa and Endomyxa. We observed consistent seasonality, and identified divergent spring and autumn taxa. Tree crowns were characterized by a dominance of bacterivores and omnivores, while eukaryvo

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Laffitte, A., M. Gibbs, C. Hernangomez de Alvaro, J. Addison, Z. N. Lonsdale, M. G. Giribaldi, A. Rossignoli, et al. "Kokumi taste perception is functional in a model carnivore, the domestic cat (Felis catus)." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (May 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89558-w.

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AbstractKokumi taste is a well-accepted and characterised taste modality and is described as a sensation of enhancement of sweet, salty, and umami tastes. The Calcium Sensing Receptor (CaSR) has been designated as the putative kokumi taste receptor for humans, and a number of kokumi-active ligands of CaSR have been discovered recently with activity confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. Domestic cats (Felis catus) are obligate carnivores and accordingly, their diet is abundant in proteins, peptides, and amino acids. We hypothesised that CaSR is a key taste receptor for carnivores, due to its rol

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Grzędzicka, Emilia, and Jiří Reif. "The impact of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed on feeding guilds of birds." Journal of Ornithology, May 26, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-021-01898-6.

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AbstractPlant invasions alter bird community composition worldwide, but the underlying mechanisms still require exploration. The investigation of feeding guild structure of bird communities can be informative in respect to the potential impact of invasion features on the availability of food for birds. For this purpose, we focused on determining the influence of the invasive Sosnowsky’s Hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi on the abundance of birds from various feeding guilds. In spring and summer 2019, birds were counted three times on 52 pairs of sites (control + Heracleum) in southern Poland, at va

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LEAVER, JESSICA, JOHANN C. CARSTENS, and MICHAEL I. CHERRY. "Impact of informal timber harvesting on habitat structure and bird assemblages in a coastal forest of the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Bird Conservation International, September 1, 2020, 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270920000362.

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Summary African forests are under increasing pressure to supply local, regional, and international demand for timber. Much of this trade is unregulated, such that there is increasing concern regarding the ecological sustainability of this resource use. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the ecological impact of informal timber harvesting in African forests. While forest species have adapted to natural canopy gap dynamics, harvesting may alter natural disturbance regimes, with adverse effects on biodiversity. Information regarding harvest gaps, and concomitant impacts on habitat

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Wessell, Adele. "Making a Pig of the Humanities: Re-centering the Historical Narrative." M/C Journal 13, no. 5 (October 18, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.289.

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As the name suggests, the humanities is largely a study of the human condition, in which history sits as a discipline concerned with the past. Environmental history is a new field that brings together scholars from a range of disciplines to consider the changing relationships between humans and the environment over time. Critiques of anthropocentrism that place humans at the centre of the universe or make assessments through an exclusive human perspective provide a challenge to scholars to rethink our traditional biases against the nonhuman world. The movement towards nonhumanism or posthumani

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